Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 EO 13526 3.3(b)(1)>25Yrs Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR 3.5(c) 3.5(c) EO 13526 3.5(c) NR 3.5(c) Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 3.5(c) DirectorarAnoroved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 ., Directorate 1'0d Digest of Foreign Terrorism and Political Violence A Reference Aid This publication is a joint product of the Office of Global Issues (OGI) and the Office of Central Reference (OCR). The information was current as of April 1984. Comments and queries are welcome and may be directed to the Chief of the Terrorism Analysis Branch, Instability and Insurgency Center, OGI, or to the Chief of the Information Services Group, OCR 3.5(c) pproved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 3.5(c) GI 84-10033 CR 84-11066 May 1984 3.5(c) 3.5(c) Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 3.5(c) cret Digest of Foreign Terrorism and Political Violence 3.5(c) Preface What This Digest Is This reference aid contains a compilation of basic information available at the Secret level on foreign subnatiOnal groups and their leading members that are known, suspected, or reported to have engaged in terrorism or other forms of political violence. 3.5(c) What We Mean by Terrorism There is no standard or internationaly accepted definition of terrorism. Neverthe- less, most Western government officials and academic experts distinguish in one way or another between political violence as a general category of activity and ter- rorism as a particular�and particularly objectionable�subset of that category. In many countries, political dissidents themselves understand that terrorist activity differs from other forms of violent political confrontation and recognize that the adoption of terrorist tactics is a profound, possibly irrevocable, step. In using the term terrorism in this reference aid, we have tried to stay close to the following small cluster of characteristics, most of which are found in most of the many competing definitions devised by Western analysts: NR Terrorism is politically motivated, premeditated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine state agents. International terrorist acts involve citizens or territory of more than one country 3.5(c) Quality of the Evidence The evidence implicating particular groups in terrorist activity or in other kinds of political violence may vary enormously in both quality and sufficiency. Often, concrete proof is available�perhaps provided by the group itself, which is proud of and eager to demonstrate its involvement. Sometimes there is no evidence, other than unsubstantiated allegations or claims, that a particular group even exists, much less that it was responsible for actions attributed to it. The quality of the evi- dence concerning state involvement with terrorist groups and links between and among terrorist groups also varies considerably. I 3.3(b)(1) 111 pproved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 GI 84-10033 CR 84-11066 May 1984 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Contents Page 3.5(c) Preface 3.3(b)(1) 1 Directory of Organizations Terrorist groups, insurgent groups, and other organizations implicated in or suspected of involvement in political violence are listed here alphabetically according to the native-language name, English-language name, nickname, or abbreviation by which we believe they are best known in this country. In a few cases, it has been convenient to list a number of similar groups together�as Ethiopian Separatists, for example. Alterr-"--- -ames and abbreviations are included as cross reference 157 Country/Nationality Index The organizational and biographical entries found in the two directories are listed here alphabetically by country, region, or nationality as appropriate. Because there are no cross references to alternative names and abbreviations in the index, it should not be used as the sole means of ascertaining whether particular groups or individuals are listed in the directori 3.5(c) 167 Maps The World Western Europe The Middle East Central America and the Caribbean .4-.4 LttkJ pproved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 S ret AAA Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Directory of Organizations See Argentine Anti-Communist Alliance. 3.5(c) 3.5(c) 1 pproved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Argentine Anti- Communist Alliance (AAA) Argentina Rightwing death squad composed of retired military and police officers ... founded 1973 by Social Welfare Minister Jose Lopez Rega to combat growing leftist terrorism ... operations officially illegal although sponsored or at least countenanced by former military government ... activities during "dirty war" against subversion currently under investigation by Argentine courts. NR 3.5(c) 7 pproved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for 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for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Montoneros Argentina NR (Movimiento Peronista Montonero) (Peronist Montonero Party) Peronist leftwing terrorTst organization decimated by security forces in late 1970s ... currently abandoning violent tactics and attempting legitimate political comeback ... leader Mario Firmenich was recently arrested in Brazil on charges stemming from terrorism period. 3.5(c) 49 pproved for Release: 2018/09/17 600295264 ret Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 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responsibility for letter bombs sent in March 1983 to US Naval Headquarters in London and Prime Minister Thatcher ... alleged to have threatened life of Vice President Bush prior to his visit to Ar- gentina to attend the inauguration of President Alfonsin in December 1983. 84 pproved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for 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Governor of Buenos Aires Province for nine months until impeached in 1974 ... medical doctor. 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made occasional trips to Argentina ... member Christian Democratic Party during mid-1960s. 3.5(c) 137 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 ret Fernando Vaca Narvajas (Facundo, Nicolas, Vasco) Argentina Born 7 January 1948, Cordoba Marxist head of the International Relations Secretariat and second in command of the Peronist Montonero Movement. . . signed December 1983 statement announc- ing dissolution of Montoneros and revival of Authentic Party ... as member of Trotskyist Peo � le's Revolutionary Party, escaped from jail in 1972 and hijacked plane to Chile 3.5(c) 151 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Se� Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Country/ Nationality Index .r.rer' Country Organization Members Argentina Argentine Anti-Communist Alliance (AAA) - April 2 Command Montoneros Oscar Raul Bidegain Mario Firmenich Roberto Cirilio Perdia Fernando Vaca Narvajas People's Revolutionary Army/Revolutionary Workers Party (ERP/PRT) 157 pproved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 Approved for Release: 2018/09/17 C00295264 NR

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DIGEST OF FOREIGN TERRORISM AND POLITICAL VIOLENCE[SANITIZED] - 1984/05/01