NEWSPAPER ARTICLES ON JFK ASSASSINATION

• Document Type: SPECIALCOLLECTION
• Collection: Records Related to the Assassination of Senator Robert F. Kennedy
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 00475349
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 30
• Document Creation Date: June 6, 2025
• Document Release Date: June 12, 2025

104-10419-10026 A.:?RIL 1975 IC The JFK Assassination: tint 61.4 11 I. IP .4e 11 El 9, .4uid \eopUi.. Invest! "Ar � , 0 ticting alone, assassinated President Kennedy and that nightclub owner Jack E Ruby, acting alone, killed Oswald two � days later In the Dallas police station. And Judge Griffin's reasons for re- opening the case should come as no stir- f � prise to longtime critics of the Warren : Report. Says Judge Griffin: "I don't , think some agencies � were candid with � .us. I never thought the Dallas police ; were telling us the entire truth. Neither � was the FBI. I wrote a memo in late ; August of 1964 to the director of the commission (J. Lee Rankin], in which ' I laid out a whole series of evidentiary 'questions. We only got answers on two or three of them." Judge Griffin didn't � keep copies of his own memos and the original of that memo isn't where it ought to be in the f�lational Archives in Washington. But Critics have been calling for a re- � at ion of p e n ior enagr so f t hmee JoFf Kt ha se callss as s i nhaat vioenc oc anis ee : , from crackpots, others from solid anal- BY -7-- One of the evidentiary questions Grittinj ysts. Most of the calls, however, lacked . IZon turf BLAIR KAISER -.--�� � ---- -- - -- �-!� ..... � - --- recalls had to do with fingerprints other . i focus and some of the questions had no : I. A WARREN COM M iSMON MEIsinttit than Oswald's on the packing cases in a- : reasonable hope of a solution. - CALLS To It I:01'11N THE CAStt sixth-floor room of the Texas School: But Judge Griffin's comments -and Book Depository. After some delays, the documentation of the critics help At long last, one of the members of the I . the FBI finally confessed to the corn-1 narrow the scope of any inquiry and.. Warren Commission is willing to stand missio'n that the other prints belonged j ill�ke it possible (�r a coligre�sional ! up and say he thinks the time has conic to an FBI agent. "We accepted the i committee to ask questions that have to reopen an official inquiry into the . answers we got," says Judge Griffin, I ilivi,c0.1-licy c .... 'even though they were inadequate and ticenicii wa 7: sk':.1;1"tille:.::1"csi)iiikil,;!%isifit,:: assassination of President John F. ' Kennedy. .� . didn't carry the battle any further. To The man is Burt-V. Griffin, now. a do so, we'd have had to challenge thei rina Oswald; they Call SUITOcita the files . of U.S. intelligence agencies which judge on the state trial bench in Cleve- integrity of the FBI and the CIA. Back No- land, Ohio. "The case ought to be re- in 1964, that was something we ll:1),f 109s6w3:.ild long beitIre No- v opened," hesays. "It's still an important didn't do:" weenrieb awaree r l - Commis- public issue. It's not at all clear to me Another staff lawyer on the Warren I � Peter Dale Scott, a Warren Commis, � sion critic who teaches English at the how to approach it. But the public is Commission confirmed Judge Griffin's I view, if somewhat less courageously. i sUi snt si vtehr Us ti t ay botfi nCd aa lni ft cluesor n i a at pointerB kt oe l ae yc, oi nn ..- concerned and it's all tied in with ev- , erything that's been happening in. our Asked whether he got everything he i . government for the past teri years." panted from the FBI, he paused for i icsht r aitb 1 e efro d tnoi the y covery very : What's been happening is a trend , about 15 seconds and said, "Off the ; spPrior:tYlurld-senNgn toward "Big Brother government and record_Whiwould he want the obvi- i . traces" a la Watergate. r the implicit threat this represents to the ! f The time is right fur reopening the freedom of the people,� says Senator Frank Church, who heads a congres-1 sional committee about to. plunge into i an investigation of the entire U.S. in-. i telligence community. . � " . 1 ; Judge Griffin's forthright stand�the ! first time any member of the Warren ; - Commission has dared suggest the corn- mission 'didn't get all the answers� should come as no surprise- to the ma- :. -. jority Of Americans who, as early as ! 1966. according to a Gallup poll, did 1 'not accept the conclusions - the War- I rcn Report: that Lee Harvey. Oswald,"1 . ... ously negative reply oft the record? "Because of possible reprisals from the , 17111," he said. "Though I'm worried Omit that less now than I was when ; Hoover was the director." The informal testimony of Judge Griffin and his colleague confirms the: findings of the independent critics of ! the Warren Commission. These critics have dramatic new doc- umentation which proves that the War-: ren Commission investigation was! never the free and independent inquiry we'd been told; that the FBI concluded, too soon, there was no conspiracy and then in an effort to justify its early con- , elusions did a: grudging reinvestigation whose only purpose was to prove its own premature conclusions. The critics' most important piece of ' documentation: a longtime ,top secret. transcript of an executive session 6f the! Warren Commission on January 27th, 1964, which was declassified only last ; year (after a long and expensive Free- dom of Information suit filed by Harold Weisberg). That transcript suggests the , FBI and other intelligence agencies may possess significant information they withheld from the commission. The information may still be available in some agency's files or in the "OC" (official and confidential) files moved to J. Edgar Hoover's home at the time of his death in 1972. case in another sense. The assassination seems to dominate the national sub- conscious. A majority, as polls show, have always had their doubts. Water- gate, White House horrors and high- level coverup have only deepened doubts about America's ugliest murder � mystery. Recent news stories only serve to intensify them. _ � A 1960 memo from J. Edgar Hoover to the State .Department surfaced in 1915. It is a warning from the director thafsomeone posing as Lee Harvey Os- wald in Russia might try to get Oswald's US. passport. In itself, the memo may not be significant: Oswald's mother had -complained to the FBI that she'd sent a birth certificate to Oswald in Switzer- land and he'd never received it. But, linked to other reports that "a second � Oswald" left traces in New Orleans, Miami, Dallas and Mexico City in 1963 and that sonic (even members of the- - Warren Commission) speculated that- Oswald may have worked with the FBI as an undercover agent, the memo is a startling clue that Hoover and the FBI � knew something about_ Oswald they .cont jflU 011 .114. Dt:lb C77) rrl c, M r--- r_r-- ,��-r Mated .the president or at least been Harged with assassinating the president Jad had been in'the employ of the FBI lad somebody had gone to the FBI they vould have denied he was an agent." "Oh, yes," says Dulles. Russell says, "They would be the first o deny it. Your agents would have tone exactly the same thing." "Exactly," says Dulles. � Well, then, where can the commis- ion go to establish the facts? Boggs ays they seem to have gotten them- elves into a box. Someone suggests the :ortunission go to the attorney general. tankin says he doesn't see how At- orney General Robert Kennedy can :ome right out and ask Hoover what vas happening. McCloy wants the reasons for that pelted out. His outrage at the reversal )f power inside the Justice Department warms the cold transcript: "Just why vould it be embarrassing for the attor- iey general of the United States to in- wire of one of his agencies whether or 'tot this man who was alleged to have tilled the president of the United States was an agent? Does the embarrassment iupersede the importance of getting the )est evidence in such a situation as his?" Senator John Sherman Cooper says hat for Bobby Kennedy to do so would ,mply that Bobby thought there was iomething wrong in the bureau. Even McCloy says, "It still wouldn't di- !�ert me from asking. It is an awkward 'affair. But as you said the other day, :ruth is our only client." � , Boggs agrees and MeCloy says, "I don't think v;:e could recognize that any, door is closed to us unless the president closes it to us.- McCloy says he wants to get to the bottom of all this. Dulles says McCloy may be asking the impossible. "How," asks Dulles, "do you (lisp-rove a fellow was not your agent?" Boggs wonders whether Dulles, as head of the CIA, had had agents with no records. "The record might not be on paper," rays Dulles. -But on paper [wel would have hieroglyphics that only two people knew what they meant, and nobody outside of the agency would know and you could say this meant [one] agent: and somebody else could say it meant another agent." Bores mentions the U-2 pilot! Fran- :is Gary Powers. Dulles says Powers had a sig.r.e:i contract with the CIA.: B ggS says. -Let's say Powers did not .have a signed contract but he was re-. cruited by someone in CIA. The man recruited him would .know, v.ou:dn't he?" "Yes," sal.s Dulles, "but he wouldn't f_41." Justi.ce Warren seems surprised.: "Wt a't tell it under oath?" asks i Warren. � Dulles says, "I wouldn't think he would tell it under oath, no." "Why?" asks Warren. Dulles has to give the commission a! little lesson. "He ought not tell it under I oath. Maybe not tell it to his own' government but wouldn't tell it any other way." McCloy says, "Wouldn't tell it to his own chief?" DutIes says, "He might or he might not. If he was a bad one, he wouldn't." Boggs may have thrown up his hands here. -What you do is you ... make our problem utterly impossible because you say this rumor can't be dissipated under any circumstances." Dulles says, "I don't think it Can, un- less you believe Mr. Hoover, and so forth and so on, which probably most Of the people will." Furthermore, Hoover may have had a reason to hire Oswald. "It is Mr. Hoover's job to watch the Fair Play forj Cubs Committee and try to penetratel it in any way he could," says Dulles. But he doesn't believe the FBI did hirej Oswald. -He was not the kind of fellow' that Hoover would hire . . . He was so stupid." McCloy says, "I wouldn't put much confidence in the intelligence of All the agents I have run 'into. I have run into some awfully stupid agents." Dulles says, "Not this irresponsible."i (Irresponsible is a ,strange description! �of an assassin of a president. If Oswald was a lone nut, then "irresponsible" is '-simply the Wrong word. To whom , would Oswald be responsible?). � McCloy counters, "Well, I can't say that I have run into a fellow comparable to Oswald but I have run into some very limited mentalities both in the CIA and the FBI." The commission's meeting morn rumbles with what the stenotypist de- scribes as "laughter." Warren tries to sum up: "Agencies do employ undercover men who are of terrible character." The man who immediately agrees with Warren is the one man on the commission who should know. Says Dulles, "Terribly bad characters." Rankin is impatient with all this. "Would it be acceptable to go to Mr. Hoover," says Rankin, "and tell him about the situation and that we would like to go ahead and find out what we could about these�" "Well, Lee," interrupts Warren, "I wouldn't be in favor of going to any agency and saying 'We would like to do this.' I think we ought to know what we are going to do and do it, and take our chances one way or the other. The most fair thing to do would be to try to find out if t ; fact or fiction." � Rankin i ;aid of Hoover and says so. "What Iwas fearful of was the mere process will cause him to think.., that we are really investigating him." "If we are investigating him,." says Warren, "we are investigating the 'rumor against him; we are investigating � him, that is true." . Tfie irnplicatiOnthat the commis- sion may have to. investigate Hoover =seems to bother Boggs. "Mr. Dulles," says Boggs, "when you headed up the CIA, the notion that you would know -the countless informers and People ployed by the agencies was fantastic, You couldn't know about all of that." "No," replies Dulles. "But by this time would have known whether we did hire him or not." McCloy says, "You would know in this case who, if there was anybody, ; who would have hired Oswald, who if would be." � Dulles admits that he'd know what area to look in.. "Someone," he con- cedes, "might have done it without au- thority. The CIA has no charter to.hire anybody for this kind .of work in the ; United States. It has abroad, .that is the distinction. But the CIA has no charter.: I don't say it couldn't possibly have done it but it has no charter of authority to run this kind anent in the United States." � ! Was the CIA involved with Oswald? There is reason to believe that the CIA performed its own unpublicized investi- � gation on Oswald after the assassina- tion. Yet there's little on the record of what the CIA told the Warren Com- mission. This is serious business and McCloy lodges the first open complaint about, the situation: "I would think the time is almost overdue for Us being as depend-. ent as we are on FBI investigations, the, time is almost overdue for us to have a better perspective of the FBI investiga- tion than we now have.". - Rankin takes part of the blame for that. He says that he and his staff need more time to study the FBI's supple- mental report, given to them two weeks before. He 'say's the supplemental report answered Many of the commis- sion's questions�but not all of them: ! "There are vast areas that are. unan- " swered at the present lime," says Ran- kin. And then he explains the trouble he is having with the FBI. "Part of our difficulty," he says, "is that they have no problem. They have decided that it is Oswald who committed the assassina- tion, they have decided that no one else was involved, they have decided�" Senator Russell interrupts. "They have tried the case and reached a ver- dict on every aspect." tbntinued:, 3 K.-enatdy's..,-ditsaiription of the president it that �mornern was deleted from her estimo_ny a published .by the Warren 7-ommission, but her actual words, re- eased by the Archives in 1972, may be ;ignificant here: '1 was trying to hold tis hair on. But from the front there was nothing. I suppose there must have Jeen. But from the back you could see, you know, you were trying to hold his hair on and his skull on." droden, who reconstituted the Zap- ruder film from a pirated copy belong- ing to Time Inc., has had his film shown -ecently on scattered TV stations .all aver the U.S. and Canada. According to Groden, his blowup shows not only that President Kennedy was killed by a shot from the front (and therefore from a shot on or near the grassy knoll); it also shows the rifleman stand- ing there on the grassy knoll holding the rifle up in the air as the presidential car disappears through the railroad underpass. Interestingly enough; when Groden showed this film at Bernard Fenster- wald's home in November 1973, nei- ther he nor anyone else made any men- tion of a rifleman on the knoll. Groden says it wasn't until janliary 1974 that he started scanning the last 18 frames of his Zapruder film and then began to see that what he thought was the wheel well of the presidential LincOln wasn't the wheel well at all, but the rifleman-:-- "because the car was moving forward and the 'wheel welt' was moving back- ward.- � David Lifton is an engineering- *. David Lifton is an engineering- graduate of Cornell and a drop- out L. am graduate school at UCLA who � ought to have three doctorates by now., in the disciplines he has picked up dur- ing ten years of work on the assassina- tion: history, political science and his- toriography (a !Indy of the way history ! is written). In 1967 Lifton did a 30,000- word analysis (with- David Welsh) in Ramparts which argued that there were three assassins firing in Dealey Plaza on November 22nd, 1963. In. 1968, shortly after most of the transcripts of the Warren Commission ; ; executive sessions were declassified, Lif-1 physics graduate of Cornell and a drop- out from graduate schootat UCLA who ought to have three doctorates by now in the disciplines he has picked up dur. � ing ten years of work on the assassina- tion: history, political science and his: � toriography (a study of the way history is written). In 1967 Lifton did a 30,000. word analysis (With David Welsh) in Rampart; which argued that there were. three assassins firing in Dealey Plaza oni November 22nd, 1963. � :1 - In 1968, shortly after most of the! transcripts of the Warren Commission, executive sessions were declassified, Lif- ton published them privately as Docu- ment Addendum to the Warren Report.1 Lifton has served as a consultant topr.. Cyril Wecht and it was � he who pro- vided the producers of Executive Ac!. lion with the documentalv record which' he started scanning the last 18 frames � of his Zapruder film and then began to see that what he thought was the wheel well of the presidential Lincoln wasn't the wheel well at all, but the rifleman- -because the car was moving forward and the 'wheel well' was moving back- ward." OToole's just released book, The Aisass!na!"--)Tapes, he contends that many of principals in this case an Justice Warren) were not telling fne truth when they said they'd found e%idence of a conspiracy to assassi- nate President Kennedy, And, most startling of all, that Lee Harvey Oswald was telling he truth 7. hen he said, to a nameless reporter in :he Dallas police station who asked him whether he had shot the president, "1 didn't shoot anybody, no sir." IV. LOBBYING FOR THE SUPPORT OF CONGRESS . ton published them privately as Docu- ment Addendum to the Warren Report. Lifton has served as a consultant topr.1 !Cyril Wecht and it was he svhb pro- vided the producers of Executive lion with the documentai-y record whichi supported that movie's attempt to prove ,how several assassination teams mightl have worked in- Dallas. Lifton is a 35- year-old bachelor Whose Brentwood apartment has 22 filing drawers on the assassination. � !Afton has a workin progress which challenges the authenticity of the evi- dence on which the Warren commis- sion based .its maim'. findings.. 10 George O'Toole, a former com- puter analyst for the CIA, has turned to a new technological tool as in impor- tant adjunct . in- his assassination re. search: The :tool, is 1.Something called a Psychological Stress Evaluator (PSE), a machine which a skilled operator can apply to anyone's recorded words and te.!. by evaluating the stress patterns in t!--.e speech. (seen on the machine's scan- ners as a series of mountains and val- leys i. whether 'that person is telling the trazh or lying. Th PSE presents advantages over th*e old polygraph exam (which is why cjne polygraph examiners don't ,zKe. it). A skilled PSE examiner can the PSE game with remote subjects !':() don't even know they're partici- pants. All OToole needed, in order to find cut whether some of the actors in the .JFK assassination scenario were the truth was access to old taped. interviews they'd given out years ago. O'Toole found some of these --. radio ar:d television interviews with offl, ckals like Dr. J.J. Humes, who performed an autopsy on President Kennedy, and :members of the Warren Commission most notably, Lee Harvey Os- waifs hallway interviews in the Dallas station. Where previously taped rviews didn't exist (especially in the case of -certain witnesses in Dallas and ers of the Dallas police), OToole -7a:�ed the role of a journalist doing a :en:'n-anniversaty story on the assassi- went dowirto Texas with a tape cr and got his own interviews. � If Oswald didn't do it, who did? There are a lot of conspiracy theories. A congressional task force is needed to evaluate them all. If the agencies them- selves, the Secret Service, the FBI, the. CIA, Army and Navy intelligence, are - themselves an object of the investiga- tion,then, quite obviously, we can't ex- ' , pect them (or anyone in the ranks of � ' traditional law enforcement) to investi- gate themselves, or investigate anyone ' with old-boy ties to any part of the in- telligence community. : And don't expect much front the Ins- . rice Department either. A group of ; ' Warren Commission critics, including ; Mary Ferrell of, Dallas and Bernard ! Fensterwald, recently presented the U.S. Attorney's office in Dallas with ! evidence they'd gathered which they !, hoped would help reopen the case be- fore federal courts in Dallas. Their proj- ect failed. Assistant U.S. Attorney Ken-fl. neth Mighell said he saw nothing new � in the evidence they gave him. . ; The only likely forum is a congres- sional committee, which is being ; pushed by Representative -Gonzalez-7. land you can expect no endorsing action, ! bV enough members of Congress unless- ! and" until public opinion keeps building. . i Who will build it? There are various citizen lobbies at work. There's one ac- ; i tive group in Washington D.C. tinder ..; the leadership of Mark Lane and Mar- ; cr.:s Raskin (who is director of the In- ! sti;ute for Policy Studies), an intelli- gent, liberal but unexciting group which ! i has decided to talk quietly with intli-.: 1 vidual congresspersons. . Then there's something else in Cam- bridge, Massachusetts, Called the Assas- sination Information Bureau. The "bu- reau" consisted of five young men when ' I . visited them last November. _Their headquarters were in the home of Carl Oglesby on Arnold Circle in Cam- bridge. Oglesby, gaunt, articulate, a sometime instructor at MIT, is a former president of Students for a Demo- cratic Society. He's 3S now, but his four associates in the ALB, Bob Katz, Mi. � ti_92# 4111.. ' � � -frent only wanted to deal with mur- I :rs bytorte�piSfchotics. And the press. -relying too much. on "official truth," went along. Says Ben Bradlee: "Back in 1965, Russ Wiggins-, the man 1 re- placed here at* the Washington Post, told me there'd never be an end, to this story [on the JFK assassination]. He said, 'Unless you can find someone who wants to devote his life to it, forget it.'" But perhaps that is exactly the kind of,jOurnalistic commitment which is needed. American- newsrooms are full of men and women who have devoted their lives to the police beat.�Watergate was a police story which took years to unfold; the assassination of John F. Kennedy is the biggest police story of them all,. If it takes decades to tell it, .then. decades must be devoted to its telling. . �In the assassination of President Ken- nedy; the major question today is: Did the FBI and the CIA (orany other.gov, ernmental agency) withhold important information from. the Warren Commis- sion? It is a question the presspustask Neer and over again�until the .peo7 plc have a credible answer. � � Gerald Ford's Little White Lie Classifying executive sessions of the Wan-en Commission meant little to one of the commission members, Repre- sentative Gerald Ford, who took the transcript of the January 27th meeting, blue-penciied all the parts of it that could have embarrassed anyone and used it as a basis for the first chapter of his book about Oswald, Portrait of the Assassin. Then he lied about it in his confirmation hearings for vice-presi- dent before the Senate Judiciary Corn- mittee on November 5th, 1973: The chairman: Now, Mr. Ford. it has been .;r,:ted that as a member of the Warren Commission, you voluntarily accepted. the constraints which all the members of the cotnmission accepted, providing that you would not publish or release any proceedings of the com- mission. � You did, however, in association- with another, publish a book and pro- vide material for a 'Life' magazine arti- cle on the proceedings of the commis- sion. Do you feel this was a violation of your agreement? Mr. Ford: To my best recollection, Mr. Chairman, there was no such agreement, hut even if there was, the book that 1 published in conjunction with a member of my staff. .we wrote the book, but we did not- use in that book any material other than the ma .- feria( that was in the 26 volumes of testimony and exhibits that were sat,- ' sequently made public and sold to the public generally. The National Archives declassified the top-secret January 27th meeting seven months later, on June 12th, 1974. �eight years after Ford used the tran- script in his own book. � . --R.B.K � Co:Pit I, ra.w.A. RALTIMORE 10.4S AMERICAN 22 APRIL 1975 MA RIANNE MEANS �� Cas-tro Had JFK Killed?- costQpife-:- � Former President Lyndon Johnson told me not long before he died that he believed Cuban 'Premier Fidel Castro was behind Lee Harvey Oswald's murder of President John Kennedy. Johnson, then a retired private citizen, swore me to secrecy. But I break the confi- dence now because Johnson's opinion ap- pears to debunk the cirrent spec.uLation that the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) might somehow have been involved in the . Kennedy assAccination. . . The former president said that he firmly believed OsOtald was acting alone in pulling the trigger. But Johnson also believed that Oswald did, such an outrageous deed be- cause he was under either the influence or the orders of Castro_ . Although I asked for more information, Johnson did not explain the basis for his conviction. He only said that he understood: Castro wished to have Kennedy killed be-- cause he believed that Kennedy had ordered � the CIA to kill. him. And Johnson declined, with a shake of his head, to tell me if that suspicion of Castro's had been an accurate one, or even if Johnson himself knew viheth- er it was. -. � - � - - -- Johnson was. convinced that the Warren _Commission report was accurate, insofar as � it went. But he obviously doubted that the . full truth had come out. � The former, .president confided these thoughts to me in a long, rambling conver- sation during a� private visit to his ranch -about a year before he died. He was in a re- flective mood, and enjoyed reliving vicari- ously the days of his presidency. (I had been assigned to cover the White House ,during most of that period and had been in the White House motorcade in Dallas when Kennedy was killed.) Johnson said he was disturbed by the pe- riodic efforts of amateur sleuths to keep controversy over the assassination alive. "Some people even think I directed it," Johnson sighed: "It is a lucky thing. I was there in the motorcade and could have got: ten it too." For the past month, the White House Commission investigating the CIA has been � looking into allegations that the agency was a party to the Kennedy assassination. The group, chaired by Vice President Nelson Rockefeller, officially announced last week that it has been unable to find any evidence to support those allegations. "Thus far we have not found any credi- ble evidence that the CIA was involved as a party in the � ascn csination;" Commission Executive Director David Belin said. ., The allegations were- raised primarily by comedian Dick Gregory, who contended that E.. Howard Hunt, a former CIA agent,' convicted two years ago of conspiring to carry out the Watergate 'bugging plot, was present at the scene of the assassination. Hunt denied this in testimony before the commission and produced witnesses to the fact he was in Washington on the day Ken- nedy died. � . The CIA, however, did have some knowledge of Oswald prior ,to the assassi- nation, because he was an ex-Marine who had lived for some time in the Soviet Union and was therefore a security stispe9. CIA operatives in Mexico were also supsx sedly aware of Oswald's movements there. - Two months before the assassination, Oswald appealed to the Cuban embassy in Mexico City for permission to visit that country. Thus there is established evidence that Oswald was at least interested in Cuba, if not under its influence. -, During the period while he was trying to go to' Cuba, Oswald might have been told by a Cuban activist that Kennedy intended to have as= assassinated and in his own demented mind taken on the chore of killing Kennedy first. Or it is possible he was as- signed the task by a Cuban official in return for some future reward. Or it is possible that Oswald decided to kill Kennedy for no other reason than that he was nuts. . I do not know Whether Johnson based his opinion about Castro on special 'intellig- ence he could not reveal, or simply on an experienced political hunch. In any case, the commission ought to find his views interesting. � � ; :28 ,?R J1 1975 FRAME313 � ���-, - ' � � � - - ;1EgazeffinggliastN ' � ""�"�:- The mystery of the mortal wound: Kennedy, still clutching at his throat wound, is hit with explosive force from behind. . . Dallas: New They are a breed apart�an odd-lot assortment of skeptics and ideo- logues, rationalists and fantasts who have never believed that Lee Harvey Oswald alone killed John F. Kennedy and have invested up to a dozen years of their lives in trying to disprove it. They flowered first in the middle '60s, then fell into discouraged retreat with the collapse of former New Orleans D.A. Jim Garrison's jerry-built attempt to prove their case in court. But the true disbelievers are back now, more numerous and insistent than ever, with their three-Oswald and four- assassin scenarios and their dizzying ex- egeses of every scrap of paper and every frame of film on the JFK shelves in the National Archives. And this time, in a nation still traumatized by the crimes and lies of Watergate, they have found their widestaudience yet for their demand that the inquest be reopened. Their doubts, reasonable or not, have inspired at least two dozen nonfiction books, four novels, three feature films, several national conferences and a re- cent freshet of articles in journals rang- ing from Penthouse to Rolling Stone. A bootleg copy of the famed Zapruder home movie of the assassination�blood, brain fragments and all�has played twice this spring on network TV and numberless times to smaller audiences around the nation. A group of Old New Leftists in Cambridge, Mass., embraced uestions and Ans ers the cause and booked 250 campus lec- tures (at $780 each) in a single year. A Warren commission staff alumnus, who still believes that Oswald acted alone, has urged a review of the case�and now Texas's U.S. Rep. Henry Gonzalez has formally proposed that Congress under- take the rehearing. The Warren verdict is indeed threaded through with unanswered questions and unresolved anomalies. What its detrac- tors offer in its place is one or another alternative hypothesis far tidier than the commission's one-man, one-gun analy- sis. But their sort of tidiness has its own vices. Supposition is elevated into fact; accident becomes criminal design; evi- dence is accepted on faith if it fits a conspiracy theory and rejected as manu- factured if it does not. The doubters, moreover, have never harmonized their own doubts about whether or not Oswald was involved at all, or how many assas- sins fired how many shots, or who might have put them up to it�the CIA, or the Mafia, or the Communists, or Texas oil, or some other party or parties unknown. Still, amid the m�nge of fact and guess, reason and imagination, there are provocative questions: DID OSWALD DO IT? The Voice Test: "I didn't shoot anybody, no sir," Oswald told an interviewer at Dallas police headquarters, and many doubters have always chosen to believe him. Now they have been-joined by a sometime CIA computer analyst, George O'Toole, who played a tape of Oswald's denial to a Psychological Stress Evalua- tor�a device that supposedly measures and charts tensison_in a person's voice� and found none of the bunched-up, hedge-shaped clusters of squiggles that commonly accompany lying. In Pent- house and in a newly published book, "The Assassination Tapes,- O'Toole rendered his unambiguous judgment: "Quite clearly, Lee Harvey Oswald was telling the truth.- The Flaws: The PSE, 'while gradually gaining acceptance, remains controver- sial among experts in lie-detection; nei- ther the FBI nor the CIA uses it, and Dr. - Joseph Kubis, a Fordham psychologist who tested it extensively for the Army, came away doubting its validity. There remains, moreover, the powerful circum- stantial case that Oswald was involved, alone or not. The only known murder weapon, a 1940 Mannlicher-Carcano ri- fle, was traced to him and bore his -palmprint; the only recovered cartridges and bullet fragments were traced to the rifle; the revolver that killed Dallas police patrolman J.D. Tippit was in Oswald's possession when he was arrest- ed in a movie theater 80 minutes after the assassination. Even some conspiracy theorists concede the case, and David - -- ............- ���������� ...-----==="===�-��==..E.="."'"-- ""''� ...."=._====�......=7 EMNMEIM'mgMEMEMff:Mg.74ERWummaMmEmmEffEENNEffm� ===�==�=� ..:==. �===�=. tr====g1=MA.2.g "rem4ERMEMMEff-- - SiatrATOME- AlgrafghTMOMMTEMIIIMENINME1=-213121.1 -='-`� � II!' � i MiliMMffittligUMENDINEINENEMBLIAINEEM. - '-'' ---,--=---=-, 1-Er. - E- r--111-. iffir�WaVEMOMMIAMBiffiffigNinficEgitaffiffiiiiffilli NMEEIMMOZEMZERBEEKILISKIMMILIMILIMMENINKNEEMEMMEMEM rmaiwzmiam WatifilawlasislEffMtrighlaCKIFEERWENEMEKTME2NEEN anon mom= ts milmmiamommalmoremanameatit AND SECURITY NC. anybody ---..------- ---'-'="qE-' FTE- - niall-43.md =:14: 4:Lr -'� . Et- "-ii-7.3-i ltit cl-i,t7--r-.; 74 :'-',V-2- .---- - CHART N IIIMMUMEREEMINMESWERNMEZIMILIIIIEMEMEMEME1- .:'--mt if: ----T- 147:-:-=,' --, 7- "F wan v�ektor didn't ...�.... .s. X no sir COUNTERINTELLIGENCE shoot EI Oswald's voice chart: Did the absence of stress signs amid the squiggles prove his innocence of murdering JFK..? DIse LM.H. Company. All rights reserseit . . . but did a second hit from up front drive him violently backward? Belin, a Warren staff alumnus now di- recting the Rockefeller commission in- quiry into the CIA. says flatly: "I have no doubt that Oswald killed Kennedy." WAS THERE A CONSPIRACY? The Superbullet: The Warren commis- sion's one-man theory rested heavily on the hypothesis that Oswald's first shot struck JFK in the upper back; exited from his throat, tore through then Texas Gov. John Connally's torso and right wrist, and burrowed into his left thigh. To have � conceded that the two men were hit by separate shots would have been to ac- knowledge a second gun; Oswald almost certainly could not have fired his clumsy bolt-action rifle that quickly. Yet the single bullet said to have caused all this damage canIt- away miraculously un- scathed. And �7,going studies of the �Zapruder film�most recently by Robert Croden, 29, a New York optics expert currently touring with a Pirated print-- seem to the doubters to show Kennedy and Connally reacting to-their wounds a half-second to one und a half seconds apart. The conclusion: they must have been hit by separate guns. The Flaws: The nearly pristine condi- tion of what critics call Superbullet is indeed hard to explain; the commission's defenders are mostly reduced to arguing that it could have survived intact be- cause it did. But the doubters are stuck with the perplexing question of what did become of the bullet that hit Kennedy if it didn't strike Connally as vell. And the film is at best ambiguous on the timing of their wounds. To some viewers, Connally seems to go stiff almost simultaneously with Kennedy's first visible reaction, and his right hand flies upward clutching his Stetson�reflexes that might support a single-. bullet theory. Connally's major reaction to his wounds does come a half second or so later, when he begius sagging right- ward, spins inid then slumps heavily to his left. The commis- sion called this a delayed reac- tion, and si 0)A-fluent studies by UCLA ohysic-i.t R.K. Jones tend to buttress its case. Jones found that Connally's reaction was too exaggerated to be explained by the impact of the bullet; he suggests that Connally was reacting physiologically to his wounds. The Fatal Wound: With gut-wrenching clarity, Groden's blowups of the Za- pruder film show JFK's head snapping forward under the impact of a bullet that blew away one side of his skull; then, a split-second later, his hand and body lurch even more violently up, back and leftward into Jackie's arms. The doubters' theory: that Kennedy was hit by separate shots, one from the rear and one from the front, a single movie frame (or one-eighteenth of a second) apart. The Flaws: The film itself shows an explosion of blood, brain and bone frag- ments spraying upward and forward, suggesting a hit from the rear. A second bullet striking Kennedy from up front 'might have been expected to produce a comparable burst backward, but none is visible. Physicist Jones's studies, more- over, concluded that a double hit would have required a "giant" second bullet with ten times the momentum of the first to drive JFK back and leftward so force- fully. His hypothesis: the movement was a neuromuscular reaction to the damage to Kennedy's brain. The Mystery Men: The conspiratorialists have long been fascinated by a frame in a second amateur film shot by Orville Nix; Photo play: Some conspiracy theorists . profess to recognize Watergate conspira- � tors Sturgis and Hunt (above) among the three tramps in police custody near the scene of the Kennedy assassination �01 $1. Z y .'e--a figure imi what could be a rifle over the top what could be a station wagon on the grassy knoll ahead of the President's motorcade. And Groden, in the best "Blowup" tradition, thinks he has found two and possibly three more assassins in the Zapruder film:-One; rifle still in hand, dimly visible through some low-hanging tree branches along the Motorcade route, thc other�perhaps with backup man� behind a fence on the grassy knoll. The Flaws: The Nix "assassin," if he - exists, ' could as easily be sighting a. camera as a gun; if it is a rifle, he appears to have the wrong arm propped on the car roof. Groden's "gunmen" are too gauzy , even to be identified positively as hu- man beings, let alone assassins, and are accordingly regarded as dubious even among some diehard conspiratorialists. WAS OSWALD A GOVERNMENT AGENT? The FBI:CIA Connection: The conspirac literature is shot through with specula- tion that Oswald was an operative or at least an informer for one or both agen- cies, which were then heavily involved in trying to penetrate domestic radical groups. The CIA links are largely suppo- sitious, based on some striking oddities' in Oswald's record (the ease with which he got a Marine Corps discharge, then defected to Russia, then came home on a government loan) and some thready con- nections with various people and places, thought to be in the CIA's ambit. The FBI story had rather more body: Oswald) in fact was carrying the name and phone number of Dallas agent James Hosty in his pocket notebook, and there were: rumors�now often quoted as fact--tha he was on the bureau payroll as inform ant number S-179 at $200 a month. The Flaws: The CIA connection re mains speculative, pending further in quiry by the Rockefeller commission an the two Congressional committees in quiring into the agency's operations. Th FBI's Hosty insisted he had contacte Oswald only as a matter of routine sur veillarice of a returned defector. And the embellishments about his informant sta- tus and his payroll number apparently RADIO TV REFL.-CTS. INC. 4435 WISCONSIN AVE. N.W.. WASHINGTON. D. C. 20016. 244,3540 PUBLIC AFFAIRS STAFF R PROGRAM DATE WTOP TV CBS Morning News STATION CBS Network April 25, 1975 7:00 AM CITY Washington, D.C. NEW ROUND OF SPECULATION ON KENNEDY ASSASSINATION *al lOaQieTS HUGHES RUDD: There's a new round of speculation.here about the Central Intelligence Agency and the John Kennedy assassination. Not that the agency knew about that, �but speculation that the CIA knew something,about plots to assissinate-Fidel Castro and that there may have been some Castro link to the Kennedy murder. Vice President Rockefeller's CIA panel is investigating as Daniel Schorr -reports.- DANIEL SCHORR: It begins to appear that in the Kennedy assassination as in the Watergate breakin, the CIA played its cause a little too close to its chest, hiding its knowledge of related matters for fear of being linked to the central events. On Watergate, the agency discourages personnel from telling the FBI about the earlier help to Howard Hunt that the White House had requested; those wigs and the spy gear. In the Kennedy assassination, the Rockefeller COmmission is now hot after the CIA for information it withheld from the Warren Commission: Not about renewed theories of CIA involvement in the Dallas murder, which are not.taken seriously, but about the CIA's role in plans to assassinate Fidel Castro. During the 1961 Bay of Pigs invasidn, and also as late as 1963, just months before the Kennedy assassination. There is new information tliat ransomed Bay.of Pigs veterans were recruited anew by the CIA for missions to Cuba. And Mafia types were reportedly encouraged to send assassination teams to Havanna. Richard Bissell, the retired CIA deputy who managed Bay of Pigs, has been before the Rockefeller Panel this .week. CIA sources say the agency didn't tell the Warren Commission about anti- Castro activities because they didn't seem relevant.- But Rockefeller Commission sources say that these activities � could shed a new light on the never-explained visit of Lee Oswald to the Cuban Embassy in OFFICES IN. WASHINGTON. D. C. � LOS ANGELES � NEW YORK � DETROIT � NEW ENGLAND � CHICAGO (A-U(7AG� TREBUN. E 25 .APMM 1975 Jerald terHorst share a dilemma. � Present' circumstances inhibit both men from advocating a new inquiry into the ava-esination of President John F. Kennedy. Yet both are keenly aware of and perturbed by the steadily in- . creasing Volume- of data challenging the Warren Commission's conclusion that Lee Harvey Oswald was the lone gunmen on that black day in Dallas in. � 1963. WASHINGTON�President Ford and Sen. Edward M. Kennedy' Mass.] Ted Kennedy's dilemma is the most � As the brother of the slain President -7-and of. the slain Robert Kennedy� ' Ted Kennedy inwardly recoils at, the prospect of a reopened inquiry into One or both cases, the mass of publicity. that would result, the need to' relive those horrible episodes and the trauma:._ that would.be revisited upon the mem:, ,bers of his family. MOREOVER, a call for a new inves- tigation would bring down on him � hordes of those .who honestly believe they have new information, plus even greater numbers of "kooks" and con- spiratorial-minded fanatics who already besiege his mail and his Capitol Hill office. Still others would term such a Kenne- dy call for an inquiry a political move, designed to whip tip public "sympathy for a Ted Kennedy. campaign for the Presidency in 1976�an office he insists he is not seeking. For obvious reasons, Kennedy could ret-fav,r a new- probe into the death of one 13POrker without favoring similar oweitiOation 4 -the other, particularly bath. are now clouded:With suspi- cions of other participants in the crimes. My brothers are dead, he tells those 5,who pressure him. No amount of fur- . . . � � ther investigating will bring them back to life. Please understand my position. .... Ford's position is :clifferent but no � less 'difficult. As a member of the War- ren. Commission, he is a signatory to � the official report that Oswald acted alone. Of that seven-member bipartisan panel, only a few still live. For Ford to challenge the;ir work, is soMething he � finds unseemly. . . . � .. yore important,' Ford finds himself constrained by . his office. Right or wrong, he feels intensely that a Presi- dential call for a new inquiry into the Dallas. assassination would have implf-' cations and reverberations that go far beyond We merits of such action. In- deed, he suspects some persons would � acme him as Well as Ted Kennedy of trying to capitalize politically on the mounting 'public interest in a second , _ leek at--john -Kennedy's death.- . , � Yet, like Ted Kennedy, who lunched. privately the other day with John MC- Cone, the former director of -the Cen- tral Intelligence Agency, the president � is deeply concerned about recent devel- opments and detailed studies of the Zap- ruder film - Of the Dallas shooting which suggests that President Kennedy might have been the victim of a plot. . About a month ago, Ford checked Out the , wording of the Warren Commis- sion's report and thus was prepared to - answer the surprise question he re- ceived at his April 3 news conference in San Diego. The Warren panel, 'Ford, said, found no evidence of a conspira- cy, foreign or domestic'. .Yet,-as every law. student knows, the absence of evidence does not mean a conspiracy didn't exist but only that it hadn't been proved to exist. . The President said he would have the Rockefeller Cornmission look into alle- gations of CIA linkage to the Kennedy � 'because the executive director of the Rockefeller Commission on CIA mis- conduct happens to be David W. Belk, I who was an assistant counsel on the. � Warren Commission and is a stout �be- liever in the single-sq.cas.iin theory, � 1 Fresh suspicion-in the public's mind �disconcerting to both Ford and Ted ! . -Kennedy�was � whetted. this week by i the statement of Richard Bissell head of the CIA's "dirty tricks" division dur- frig -John Kennedy's administration, that high-ranking intelligence officials � di:sctissed plans to assassinate Cuban 'Premier Fidel Castro_ Bissell said the ! idea was vetoed by then CIA Director ; Allen Dulles, who McCone succeeded in � November, 1961. � . � � - 1 THE ' livtit43.t.kricE of Bissell's festi- mony is ..that : it adds Credence to a -.theory � of- some V/arren � Commission � critics who believe that-anti-Castro Cu- bans were .out to get even with John Kennedy because his Bay of Pigs ad- venture failed to liberate Cuba. . Since it's dear that 'demands for a new inquiry into John Kennedy's death are mounting, not-diminishing, it may be time for Congress to reopen the -- case. Rep. Henry B. Gonzales (D., Tex.) � has such a resolution pending before the House Rules Committee. But it's not likely to get far. .. There are many other ways to devise a responsible group to check into the Kennedy assassination. Indeed, to be credible, the membership of such -an - investigatory body should be as, far re-' � moved from politics as possible. . - Doing that would not, be easy, but it would be the only kind of panel likely to overcome the dilemma of Ted Ken- nedy and President Ford while; most ! important, answering the question of a coverup or a conspiracy regarding the slaying in Dallas. Unfortunately that is tragedy of Nov. 22, 1963. , � not likely to lay the matter to rest t, univtrsat NOS Syndic3t� New information on IiNTL�WLIGENCE DIGES 1 APRIL 1975 _ . President Kennedy's ;assassination Recent information throwing new light on the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, and Lee Harvey Oswald's contact with a Soviet KGB. Department V (Assassination & Sabotage) official shortly before Kennedy's death has been received by several Western intelligence agencies. This information has been deliberately withheld (rota the public so as not to interfere with the Kissinger policy of d�nte and other efforts to improve relations with Russia. The source of the new information is KGB Department V defector, Oleg Adolfovich Lyalin, who disclosed this know- ledge during lengthy interrogation by British Intelligence, � which resulted in the immediate expulsion of 105 Soviet agents from England. The significance of Lyalin'i disclosures connecting Lee Harvey Oswald with KGB Department V was not realised until much later when his secret data was analysed and then integrated with existing intelligence on the Kennedy assassination. KGB Department V KGB Department V is the ultra-secret section of Soviet Intelligence which has the prime responsibility for assassina- tions and sabotage. It is in existence now, and was in existence during the period of the Kennedy assassination. Despite consistent Russian denials, select assassination has been a covert policy of the Soviet Union since its conception. Upon the defection of Lyalin, KGB Chairman, Yuri Andropov, recalled all KGB Department V officers from overseas posts in justified fear that their identities and operations would be compromised. One of the first KGB Department V officers to be personally recalled from his post was Valeriy Vladimirovich Kostikov, who was serving under cover as the second secretary of the Soviet embassy in Mexico City. Colonel Jorge Obregon Lima, chief of the secret police in Mexico City, knew of some clandestine activities by Kostikov and linked the Soviet embassy with the urban guerrilla movement in Mexico, which was attempting to upset social reform programmes � being carried out under President Luis Echeverria. The CIA knew that Kostikov was a KGB official but did not know he was linked with Department V until after his recall to Moscow. Kostikov also maintained KGB liaison with covert Cuban GDI (General Directorate of Intelligence) operations in Mexico and the United States. Castro agents have specialised in various terrorist activities in those countries. It is also reported that Kostikov supervised the direction of two KGB external echelon-type espionage net- works operating from within Mexico near the American border, which sent agents into the US and received intelli- gence data collected in America. Kostikov and Oswald On 27 September 1963, approximately-eight weeks before the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, Lee Harvey Oswald contacted KGB official, Valeriy Vladimirovich Kostikov, at the Soviet embassy in Mexico City under the pretext of obtaining a visa. During the same trip, he con- tacted Cuban GDI officials at the Cuban embassy. He returned to Dallas on 3 October 1963. Oswald, an admitted Communist active with the Castro "Fair Play for Cuba Committee", assassnated President Kennedy on 22 November 1963, and seriously wounded Texas Governor John B. Connally, Jr. Earlier, on 10 April 1963, Lee Harvey Oswald attempted to assassinate retired US Army Major General Edwin A. Walker who was noted for his anti-Communist convictions. Immediately following the assassination; and prior to the capture of Oswald, pro-Soviet officials in the US State Department and the "Voice of America" radio station placed the blame on �*right wing extremists" in Dallas, allegedly under the influence. of General Walker. Although this ploy collapsed with Oswald's apprehension, the Communist element in the United States and abload has continually attempted to disown Oswald and shift the assassination blame to the American right wing, particularly the CIA (which, of course, cannot be considered "right wing" except by the Marxist element). Soviet deception The Soviet Ambassador to the United States, Anatoly F. Dobrynin, turned over to US Secretary of State, Dean Rusk, on 30 November 1963, a sheaf of documents from the USSR's consular files on Oswald. The papers pertained to Oswald's prolonged stay in Russia and his "attempts to get visas to go there again". Dobrynin's documents mentioned Kostikov but failed to link him with the KGB. They also failed to link Oswald's full contacts with the KGB and MVD while a resident of Minsk, Russia. Following the assassination, Kostikov remained at his KGB post in Mexico City, since his removal might hint at possible guilt of KGB or GDI conspiracy. Kostikov is a heavy drinker and was .arrested by Mexican police in December 1963, after he threatened to shoot two Mexican PEMEX (Petroleos Mexicanos) engineers while drunk. The CIA had earlier warned the FBI of Oswald's contact with Kostikov in Mexico City, but it did not then know of Kostikov's assignment in Department V. Had that fact been known at the time, John F. Kennedy might be alive today. Following the assassination, US Secretary of State, Dean Rusk, "exonerated" Moscow from having anything to do with Kennedy's assassination. This was partially based on Ambassador Dobrynin's "cooperation" which was described as "unprecedented". To further its deception regarding Oswald's connection with the KGB, and to help the cover-up operations of its friends in America, Moscow arranged for the "defection" of KGB Major Yuri Ivanovich Nosenko to the United States through Switzerland in 1964. KGB "defector", -Nosenko, carried a false story clearing the KGB of any conspiratorial contacts with Oswald. In his lengthy "revela- tions", all of which were already known to Western intelli- gence, Nosenko failed to report that Kostikov was a KGB Department V officer�a fact which he did not know. Nosenko claimed to be a defector of KGB Department VII (American section), which handled Oswald's examination in 1959. The "information" supplied by Nosenko confirmed that supplied to Dean Rusk by Dobrynin. Nosenko went into great detail on how the KGB was "horrified" at Kennedy's assassina- tion. Nosenko also spread "information" on other genuine' defectors from Soviet-controlled intelligence and security - agencies! Moscow timed Nosenko's "defection" to fit in with the investigations of the Warren Commission, whose report was issued to President Johnson on 24 September 1964. � Oswald in Minsk 1 Oswald's full contacts with the KGB have yet to be dis- closed. It is known that Moscow and the KGB are desperately attempting to disavow all connections between Oswald and KGB Department V. especially in light of the revelations of Oleg Lyalin, who provided data on the direct link between Oswald and the KGB assassinatlodarm. It is believed that the omit NAY 1975 - � - 0 fn the old days, it was paranoia�or "unreasonably fearful"�to believe that the narcs were about to batter down your door; that the CIA was illegally tapping your phone; that you'd be mugged the minute you stepped outside. Today, unreasonable fears have become not only reasonable but plausible, even real. In the spirit* of. making the crazy sane, and the sane crazy, we offer on the following pages oui's definition of WZIE 71,7(172.01.7ED yaluirJoHa � - - AN.11; .*�������_;.� .-4'4,-7; . '.,,-,..�,..�*:=-1,iisle�- �-�ffs:1�,.....x,--y..-..., ...,...4,:de.!-���:-. ::-..1-tr.-.� -V;ict.: -': 14 ";����L�,���!,v,?,r� 1-5,t",..i- ��:'irt!** ..:,.. ,....._-1.... .4-,,,,- .--c�-�:- - �,,- --;.-'.-4.-.0 �ka..t-:,..-.`,Y:r? 4t.1.-4".� 4.-1.���`�.---::-:-J: -PAre,:e �c���� -...? .- -,1.--'--e-'4-",-`���--- - iral:t,,A.:,�1 '._---tZ4",.,��=f-TN..".���iztry'S144;��,4, :�:74Z:-".7.-:::-.71 -..-,�3,�� , .... 4' ..5.73.:rZift?..:::.::4�4.-Z.': ....., ' . -�, -�.P:4-:?..:*--':.::�-- -.�:-'.!:Z.; ',..;LW4.2r...;*.-,�����'-'_'+fr-'4 _-���� At-- ��..-El.r. - � -�� - 4,,, --. -----,:r44; � : `,.._ ���.����,,,t-rr.- . ..v..z...�"" :=3:tr; '-''� washed 41'10. across' the nation and affected the man in the street as never before. People could not 'escape Strife and controversy, not even in the smallest backwater burgs, because television brought Lee Harvey Oswald, Charles Manson and the Viet Cong into the living room reach evening at six o'clock. A breakdown in the Official Reality Department had spawned all sorts of itchy problems: You couldn't believe the Government, you couldn'�elieve the media, you couldn't .believe your best friend�who, it often turned out, was working for the Government. Even the Pope suffered a credibility gap. The hell of it was, you had damned good reasons by the end: of the Sixties not to believe anyone anymore. . An intolerable situation! It sent people scrambling for cults, gurus, ethnic re- vivalisms, McGovern, CREEP, The Washington Post, bisexuality�anything at all resembling a belief system by which one could tell the good guys from the bad guys. Left wing, right wing, liberal, radical, conservative�it didn't matter; you could jump from one to another, like Rennie Davis, like Tim Leary. The only important thing was to have a system to explain why the world was screwed up and who was to blame for it�the result being that everybody had a different explanation and a different enemies list. Thus the kaleidoscopic array of fears_ facing us today. They are not simple fears, like those of our forefathers; they are vague and complex. Often, you can't exactly put your finger on it, but you know that evil forces are manipu- lating you, perhaps via marketing re- search, when you buy a useless product merely because its bright-red package stimulates your medulla oblongata. It's a feeling best summed up by Woody Allen when he said, "Paranoids have � real enemies, too." � Which is why the word fear is out the 'window these days. The unthinkable has become real: irrational fears have be- come rational. You say, for instance, "I'm paranoid about Larry; I think he's a narc." Now, Larry may not be a narc, and in that case, since you have smoked grass with him for three years, your fear of 'him is irrational, maybe even disgraceful (since he's always laid so much free stuff on you). By using the word paranoid, you acknowledge that possibility. But at�the same time, saying that you're paranoid is an acknowledg- ment that while you might be off your rocker, so is the whole world, and, damn it, (11.1 would not be a bit sur- prised if one day old Larry whipped out a badge and busted you! : Webster's, take note: If things stay bad, a new definition May have to be added to the dictionaries. But for the time being, we shall distinguish between the word's present dictionary meaning and its popular connotations by referring to the latter as the New Improved Par- anoia. It's basically the old fear but ...with_some-new ingredients added, bright new packaging and an unprecedented number of sponsors. A few illustrations: Recently, CBS News commentator Eric � Sevareid was commenting on a ' speech by President Ford. Ford had just announced that he was opposed to wage and price controls and was absolutely not going to impose them. Sevareid squinted into the camera and speculated that the true meaning of Ford's speech. was that wage and price controls were due any 'day and that Ford was 'really signaling the business Community to hurry and jack up their prices before he. put the freeze on them. In other words, suggests Sevareid, the President uses a sort of secret language with veiled messages to Special listeners: There are people confined to rooms with padded walls who maintain nothing more than that. But what Sevareid says is more akin to the political maxim develoPed by journalists. during the Watergate years: WheneVer a politician announces that he's not going to resign, it means that the guy's already got his desk cleaned and his bags packed. This bit of newspeak is actually a symptom of the New Improved Paranoia. Sevareid, other journalists and. indeed, all of us respond in this suspicious and distrustful manner because of our many experiences with political double talk. We May be paranoid in the new sense .of the word, but we're not crazy. Speaking Of Eric Sevareid, by the way, 'isn't it peculiar that you- never see 'his legs? The, camera is, always focused : on the top of him, so you begin to wonder: What about Eric Sevareid'S legs? What is CBS trying to hide? Actually, the New Improved Para- noia is a calm, well-reasoned state of j mind, closer,' perhaps, to apprehen- siveness than to either' old-fashioned, I jitterbugging paranoia or outright, piss- ing-in-the-pants. fear. It is, in fact; the entire purpose of the New Improved - Paranoia to eliminate the terror Off doubt, to replace chaos with order and � to provide sort of psychic seat belt in the face of continual World crack-ups. -.The meat shortage, stagflation: Agnew's resignation, Kohoutek, the Russian wheat deal, the energy crisis�all these I - bewildering _catastrophes were made : bearable by the New Improved Paranoia. Consider the energy crisis of the Winter of 1974. A parade of oil-eom- Pany spokesmen appeared before TV cameras, swearing that the shortages were gen- uine, yet it was universally assumed - that the whole' thing was a wicked ruse. Not one housewife or commuter wait- ing�in those endless gas lines swallowed the official explanations.. Instead, with the -aid of the New Improved Paranoia, .t11 boritiro494 , 4.1 that listed all the instances in w - Dylan 'used certain key words. Weber- man figured out that when Dylan used the word rain, he actually meant vio- lence, as in A Hard Rain's A-Gonna Fall. and so on. NaturRIly enough, Weberman's next step was to discover that such symbolic messages were em- bedded in the songs of other musicians, too. Pretty soon, he had formulated what he called the "Secret Language of Rock," which. like Sevareid's "Secret Language of Presidents," 'was used to send messages to the initiated. � Now, I would judge Weberman's .. theories reasonable, if not believable, up to this point. It is true that songwriters do use symbolism, the best example being Don McLean's parable of the Sixties, American Pie. Once in a while, performers do send %cited messages- to each other, as in Carly Sirrion'S You're So Vain, addressed to Warren Beatty. Using a concordance to analyze a writer's work is a valid scholarly technique that has' been applied, to Shakespeare, Chaucer and Milton. But when Weberman began-to claim that certain songs contained secret mes- sages directed at him, that's when the situation became* problematic. . One could argue � with Weberman over whether or not a ont,,. said this or that. But to fell him, "No, man, Watching !re River Flow is not D:.lan's way of ! warning you to leave his g.arb,tge alone," ; was kind of . tough. P. would have - blown his whole cosniology. like' telling Ptolemy the earth was not the center of the universe. � : � But then, again. who's to Say? It is a fact: sworn to by witnes.e. that one day. on Bleecker Street, after. vet 'an- other garbage raid. Wei-err...Ian � was walking home when suddenly an en- razed Bob Dylan rode up � on , a ten- speed bicycle. and delivered a hail of blows, to his head. "The -,,tirrfp don't work 'cause the vandals stole the han- dles," as Dylan once said.' which means that the New Improved Paranoia makes sense, even when it shouldn't. Not only is the New Improved Para- noia sensible; it's chic, too. Remember how socially important it was to be on Nixon's enemies list? It's also consid- ered very statusy to have had a tax au- dit. And is there anyone .gauche enough to say that his .telephone isn't tapped? You'll be the envy of all your friends if men in a black. Plymouth. actually do stake &it your house every day. It is very an courant to live just west of the San Andreas Fault�and to complain about it. The ultimate is to be an cx� CIA agent, for as anybody conversant with the New Improved Paranoia knows, there is no such thing as an lex-CIA agent. � Perhaps, after all, you are thinking that this stuff about the New Improved Paranoia is a lot of bunk. Perhaps you imagine that you are immune to it, that you are a sane, rational human being not given to delusions either of gran- deur or of persecution. Well, then, ask yourself ,one question: Do you jiggle.: the coin-return slot in pay phones after every call you make? You do, don't you? And do you kn9w why you do it? You do it because you think that the entire -- telephone company's mammoth tech- nology is going to disrupt itself just for - you and return your ten cents. Or else you imagine' that out of the 10,000 people who use that particular phone, . one of 'them left a dime there for your benefit. and you fancy that you are the only pers-on in the entire World who jig- gles coin-return slots. Now, if that's not paranoid behavior with delusions of. grandeur, I don't know what is. And it is not very far from believing that the telephone company is for you to believ- ing that the telephone company is against you, is it? But that's no reason to stop checking those coin-return slots. Because you know and I know that sometimes�not 'often, but sometimes�the dime is there. And that's what the New Improved Paranoia is all about. izsua ����� : Ota RAY 1975 . �Z,.%--C,-.c�--e�"...��!�'. '''.:::';'---;:e. ' � '"7: � - � a ....---'-�-�:-.4-....a; - �-�, .��-�,-,;., --..... - A-.....-:.�,;- ����,. ,5`.. -..�.,4-� -:....--� .......: - ...., ... ,-.7-� , �.....� � ... ts, ---����� .., . ,..,. .- � � - -, -. � �-�,..���3>-< .0..- s...-...0.,;(..z.. . , -. ;.�:�--VS:; .,�t-,...',A:...�,...::::,..5:.:7:.�-�:----7--/ZA. -- - � .----:.:�-\.::-W.'--}-�-.: � � � -, - � -....4.'4..-, -e".���:�;-���� �����,* � � "-, ���.: ������� -1."'- '-.:-..,,,, -S.,' - -..- � -.-- '7--�----..1--f:�.4.v...P�c:175,,,*0.:4c - � '�..*`Se7.7�17.-1,-;:- '...-...,. --... " � ''''-;!.:-�:->:e..:-_-" �,---:----..,.- .:!':�:"�::- \ :�'&*-4`. �':,::�:�- - -.. � .- �-�),`--er-..y.,5,���,-:�.t.. � '::::::n;',Y--.:-;-'1":�.:5-7.-.S...':-�`-'-::. ---"-.--2---,..:.;:�77:-.%-:"":.'"".:;-�;-:t.�-��-' -'.;"��C--4-4:t:-'7Z-...� - � '---.'k'. : 1,'...f.`,?,,Zi.''',.---�-�tr-N^, -���-�����...:r.:::;-'".x'...i-:..:-- -���,......,.. - - - . � - -- ..� ...� � � , .-. . ��� %Ss, -N.:A ��� ..,r,,,� - ..,..,-, --.>'-: .:-: � ''''-'---A^,-� - ''. � ��� � -4�`-- ",?....,...": `�-�-�-----..�---.4.- -`4'.---�-� ' . -........,....., , ;....!....1",�::, .:,�,�,-?.;� zfr. ...,...........,;!._.....,-C, -:.1.:5�, s.ti.-_,,,,..ez:;:-....-,-..:,<;1/4--f.7.7....4.:;::'...!---1.5:, ,i'..1-...,7-;3,N.'t;''.-cxy.f;--1...4L7-..;:',1-,..,-,.:::"::r;:l-':.. :!--.t...;'...:-; :7' - , � � -n, ". ' ..-. .....".�-: � "---'. - � ���:�-,:-- �.�,�-� - ...:-.:;:.�. ��...,__-----,- � ...:,...�."`":�-�3,.;,-("���---.\ ':".;-- " "7-.."-- '';'..."'''/,:�0:-����%:- � ' .---."-e.,..- -------,",- . - .--- - � ' �����-�.:::' ,-.7.1:�,...?..;.....-7.:�.; .."-;�-;--...4,-..:-.,,:,,,::%�����,�.- .,� -:-_-_,-: ...��:�_,........-,3:57,-,,,--..--...-�; :�,';'�;.:i..,� ..-.)",'-' '7..,,k-1--:---�'-;;';:5'--* �t:'; � �..�� -.: ; '. '. ::,��:::-..- ' ' ...-:....`-': ''''' � � � ."-- -- � . . ':"."';'''' '' e--'4:---4r1:71..77::7::". N.4... s�C''':::'''''--"':�3:4-';C...--- -...16. .. .,5'.',T,,, ..'--..,�:,s.- .''''''�,,L..-,t'.7��,,.,..3.-..�.. ��� z.... ,. ; _ �ft': A--e ^ .-AN-��'. � - c,,o� � ��... PZ,k4' � - - 4e1 ss, Ver-tsk4,,' , el's � - t, . � _ -". � AVF-R-OSeDE TANN� E ,. � ,. VL _ � .� . - 4' 4. Ivor - --trer.c.7<-&;1- � Z4121,E. : � �t ii ; � ' , 'or c'���E-:��� ,���� - t� � -74,4:: � -'57-� .* ���� . : �� . - ' . - �-iNA � - , -,..-,����� ' - T-,"-4,7's-4/..,....-"-, � . '4 .. ...,,:.: �..-:.-"�:-.4 . ..- s.;,....,.":�v".: ..?-,X7Fi..fl, --.- :"*. _ �:���,�,...".:::�;.--fr="--7-:,-------z:Z::�:,- ..,..�;�,. -...:,- ����� . "f: l'a:'�j .41" .: =.." ar,"::1 �-� 41,...., ...?d,a .., ;,?4,0 u,..,. . ,....z. 4 .... ......e. ��� ' ..'� :: ----�,-rZ:N.,...,..........4.i.4. ������ZI"7.."043$...r:r. *-� ����� ....t.t..').--....:: r:�Z::-... r� ' ���...,..*-*.� -.....: ' -..� ''� � % .4-1. ' � M �����������-' '''''''''''........:.st,'�.*:�.����4""'"..",.....�....c.....:,,,'"".".'`- �-�." --�����-....".' ...--.........\-\...."-TZ.:2�...- ''I'N�" .......,,:':'..,'1�.::C.,?..",,,,,�).4,H.:" ' -, ............�.:z.......,1......"..r:zr,c�..,.......;-7,: .-Zt....-.......: � ..�,...., . '.."-�����........., ............- ...............-� ' ����� dw,,,,t.,...,.., �,...., .����.. � ����� . ARObNbUF:1 ......................--...-,-�,....- --........:,:.:.:.....__......:::,...�... - � - now livin - in Chile. And then he was decided. This ;morning, trnbeknown to anyone else on the White House staff, he had summoned � : Rock Lewis to his office. And that is why, at this very moment, Lewis was poring I over the plans of Operation Red Rose in his office at the CIA. The more Lewis read, the more he realized the seriousness of what Bu- chanan had proposed to him? It could not be said that Lewis was a man of much scruple: Killing people had not deterred him in the past.. Still, the � thought of personally ordering the as- sassination of the President of the United States was staggering. He had read enough of the. dossier to reject the Plan proper. In his opinion, whoever had drawn it up had failed to come up with an organizational struc- ture that could not be traced back to the CIA. That was too much of a risk. But the Alternate Plan intrigued him and, gradually, he became convinced that it was workable. Finally, he made up his mind. He picked up his scrambler telephone and dialed the number of a similar � instrument on the desk of General Buchanan. "I just want to check back with you," Lewis said. "I want to make. sure that you have thought this thing out completely and that in your mind, it is the only plausible solution." "There's no other way, Rock," Bu- chanan replied. "No other way at all. And the quicker we hit him the better. That man with his finger on the nuclear button is a living danger to all of us. And it doesn't matter now-whether he's guilty or not. The situation has reached the point where we've got to do some- thing�and fast." "OK, Wiley," Lewis said. "But just remember that when I put down this phone, there's no turning back. Red Rose will be operational in a half hour. From there to Action Day should be less than seventy-two hours." , "I understand," the general said. "Start the operation." Lewis heard the phone click at the other end of the line, then he summoned Wolfe. 'Call Mikhaylov at the Soviet Embassy and tell him I've got to see him right away." Wolfe shot his boss a look of dis- belief. "Right now!" Lewis snapped, and Wolfe hurried out. Night was beginning to fall when Ivan Mikhaylov, the K.G.B. chief of station in Washington, drove up to the guard gate of the CIA building in Langley: He showed a card identifying himself as first secretary of the Soviet Embassy, and his white Mustang cont vertible was quickly passed through. - For Mikhaylov,, the events Of the past hour had been slightly bewildering. To get a .call from the CIA�the agency he had spent his life combating�was ex.- - traordinary enough, but to be invited to a Meeting with Charles Lewis, its director; was even stranger. Mikhaylov had been involved in many delicate operations in his long career with the Soviet espionage forces. But this request was .so peculiar that he had no way of knowing what to expect. Several thoughts rushed through his mind. Maybe. for .example, -one of his agents had been picked up. But he quickly dismissed that idea. Attests for spying were .usually taken up directly With the ambassador. - Wolfe was waiting- for Mikhaylciv in the lobby and quickly took him past the, guards to the director's private elevator. A Minute later, he and Lewis were alone. Lewis tried to. put his guest. at ease. "There is no problem, Mr. Mikhaylov," he said with a smile. "It's just that we .want you to arrange a service for us." "I've never heard of the K.G.B.'s Working for the CIA before," Mikhaylov said. "Oh, that's not true. Every once in a while, we do each other little favors." Lewis was not smiling now. "There are some things you can do so much better than we can. And, of course," he added, "there are things that we can do better than you can." "All right, Mr. Lewis, what is It you want?" "Mr. Mikhaylov, I would like you to make contact with your superiors and have them put into effect the Alternate Plan of Operation Red Rose that they have had in their files since 1974." "And just what is that plan all about, Mr. Lewis?" the Soviet agent asked. "We would like you to assassinate our President." � It was the next day and the President was alone, as usual, in his office when Buchanan buzzed to� see him. The President had seen no one else for the past several weeks, but he made it a point to talk to Buchanan at least once a day. He buzzed back, and in a few moments, Buchanan was standing be- fore him. "Mr. President, how are you feeling today?" "Not very well, Wiley. Didn't get much sleep last night. But you didn't come in here to ask me about my health. What's up?" Tanner spoke rapidly and his voice sounded shaky. Buchanan had seen him like that for several months now and it only 'orced his privately held views about En, instability of the man... "Well, there are two or three things. Mr. President," he said without emotion. "First, your, lawyers' would like to see you. They need about two hours of your time to prepare your defense before the House of Representatives." . The President cut him off. "The hell With them!" he shouted. "They can pre- pare my defense without me. Besides which, what the hell difference does it make? You know as well as . they do' that those bastards have framed me in . such a way that I can't escape." . "If. you really feel that way, maybe you ought to resign, like Nixon did," the general said. � - "Pat lot of good that did him. I've told you. a hundred times, Wiley, I'm not going to resign. And, unlike Nixon, I mean it and I won't change my mind." _"Well, I have to be honest with you, Mr. President: If you don't resign, you're going to be impeached, and we cant promise you twenty votes in .the Senate." "I know all that," Tanner said with irritation. "Let's .get off the . subject. What else do you want?" � Well, the Secretary of Defense wants to see you. You :know, . we're still in- volved in those SALT talks . with the Soviet Union and he needs .some- guid- ance from you on how to proceed." "And what more?" � . . "Well, just about .an hour ago, 'the Soviet Embassy called and said that it was 'urgent for their ambassador to. see you. He has a message from Chairman Ivanov that he says must be handed to you before the day is over." On his note pad, Buchanan checked off the items of business. � � � . "I'll see the ambassador at four o'clock," Tanner said. Buchanan looked up in surprise. Why, he wondered, was the President willing to come out of isolation for the Soviet ambassador? He kept his thoughts to ..himself. "OK, I'll .set that up," he said tonelessly. "And what about the Secre- tary of Defense?" "He can wait. Maybe I'll see him tomorrow. That's all, Wiley." Buchanan knew there was no use in arguing with the President. He quickly strode out of the office. � Mikhail Stepanov, the Soviet ambas- sador, had been in Washington even 'longer' than his' predeceisor, Anatoliy Dobrynin. For 17 years, he had tended to the U.S.S.R.'s business there and he had thought he was past surprises. Yet the events of this day had amazed him. Early in the morning, he .had been awakened .! I34 int!. 1411..4 jiNr 18 APRIL 1975 "When you have eliminated the impossible. whatever remains, however improbable. must be the truth." �Sherlock Holmes � � By Robert Sam Anson It was one of those coincidences. No one could have known that the bus would be stopping in front of Jacque- line Kennedy's apartment at precisely the noise, a sound like firecrackers. In that moment everything changes. � The furies that were released with the actacsination of John Fitzgerald Ken- nedy have never gone away. Nor have the doubts that have surrounded the circum- stances of his killing. The Warren Corn- moment she would be walking through the' front door on her way to yet another funeral, but there. bizarrely. macabrely_The_ di rty rumors it was: the bus with the big ad spread across its side, announcing in two-foot- � high letters that "Lee Harvey Oswald Was Innocent? For a moment, there was an embarrassed silence. All that indicated recognition was a slight widening of the eyes and an almost imperceptible tight- ening of the muscles of her face. And then she was gone. disappearing in her limousine. Even now. 11 and a half years since that sunny day in Dallas. it is the murder no one will ever forget. Two pres- idents have come and gone. a war, re- bellions. changes without number. And still the image persists. A young presi- dent. pledged "to do better." riding in an open limousine, waving to cheerirrg crowds. A turn, then another turn, and the car is heading past a tall building. slowly gliding toward the tunnel that lies just beyond a grassy knoll. The wife of the governor turns toward him and smiles. "You can't say the people of Dallas don't love you. Mr. President." There is no answer, only a sharp. popping evvarren Commission tried to squash have not gone away. Now Watergate and new evidence have forced another look. The conclusion: a conspiracy for sure mission's verdict that a "deranged" young man named Lee Harvey Oswald. acting alone. murdered President Kennedy and seriously wounded Governor John Con- nally. only to be killed himself two days later by another deranged. lone assassin named lack Ruby. raised as many ques- tions as it answered Two years after the publication of the commission's find- ings�a report and 26 volumes of docu- ments and testimony, based on 254000 in- - terviews� the Gallup and Harris polls found that nearly two-thirds of the Amer- ican people disbelieved its conclusions. They were not the only doubters. Lyndon Johnson. who had appointed the commission, went to his grave believing that his predecessor had been the victim of a "communist" conspiracy. John Con- nally loudly proclaimed his objections to the commission's finding that he. had been wounded by the same bullet that had allegedly passed through the 'Presi- dent's throat. The commission's version of Connally's � wounding was crucial. since, as one commission lawyer put it. "more shots means more assacsins." Sev- eral members of the commission itself were less than convinced of the accuracy of the report they. signed. Rep. Hale Boggs of Louisiana. a commission mem- . ber. was particularly upset by many of the findings and wanted to issue a minority � report. until the commission agreed to in- sert "probable.s" in front of many items that had been marked certainties. Even so. Boggs was less than satisfied. Until his mysterious disappearance in a light plane flying over Alaska in 1972. he continued to tell friends that the Warren Com- mission was in error. Similarly, the late Senator Richard Russell. who had been placed on the commission in deference to. his power as chairman of the Armed Ser- With no investigative staff. of its own, it relied on the FBI and CIA to do its field work for it. At times. the reliance proved embarrassing. as when the FBI report came in stating that President Kennedy and Governor Connally had been wounded by separate shots_ The FBI ver- sion of the President's wounds also dif- fered sharply from the commission's ver- sion. which later was condemned by the American Academy of Forensic Patholo- gists as being so incomplete and sloppy as to be no autopsy at all. The FBI's place- ment of the President's wounds�one in the head, another some six inches below the neck�made the commission's sce- nario of events untenable.Secret Service men who witnessed both the shooting and the autopsy also placed the back wound well below the neck, as did the autopsy doctors' own diagram. The President's jacket and shirt also showed a bullet hole just beneath the shoulder. Faced with such evidence, the commission chose the only practicable course: it ignored it. . Instead, the commission's' junior lawyers came up with their own theory of the assassination, one contradicted by ballistics findings, autopsy results and the testimony of every witness to the actual event. In time, it came to be called "the t magic bullet theory." Simply stated. the commission found that three bullets were fired that day in Dealey Plaza. all from the rear. The final, fatal shot hit the President in the back of the head. The second shot missed completely and struck the pave- ment, wounding a bystander. The first. .the "magic" bullet. struck President Ken- nedy in the back just below the neck. passed through his neck into the back of Governor Connally. smashed through � Connally's rib and out his chest below his right nipple. and continued on to strike � his wrist, finally winding up in Connally's thigh. In short, one shot, seven holes. If there were only one asylssin. fir-- ing from the sixth floor of the School Book Depository. the commission's the- ory made 'sense. Indeed, it was the only theory that could account for a lone as- sassin, since the alleged murder weapon. . a 1940 vintage Italian-made Mannlicher- Carcano. was a clumsy. single shot, diffi- cult to operate weapon. Tests conducted by the commission deter�'-ed that it was, 'physically impossible to shoot and load the Carcano more than three times in the 5.6 seconds between the first time the President was hit and the final, fatal shot. The trouble began when the com- mission attempted to duplicate. Oswald's alleged marksmanship. First. they found that the rifle 'was fitted with a left-handed scope; Oswald was right-handed. Then. ' too: shims had to be inserted to make the scope accurate. Ignoring the fact that Os- wald's Marine records showed him to be a A petition backing a reinvestigation has collected more than 250,000 signatures on the West Coast alone poor shot, the commission had three mas- ter marksmen from the National Rifle As- sociation recreate the events in Dallas by hitting a level, stationary target. None of thetn could. Of course. Oswald could have been lucky. As for the one and a half seconds that elapse between the time the Zapruder film shows the President to be hit and Governor Connally bunching up and slumping over, the commission sug- gested that Connally was merely expe- riencing a "delayed �reaction" to having his chest torn open by a high-powered ri- . fie bullet. Totally inexplicable is how the bullet that purportedly did all this dam- age (and was later conveniently discov- ered on the governor's stretcher in a cor- ridor of Parkland Hospital) emerged so miraculously intact, virtually unde- formed, with only 2.5 grains missing from its normal weight. The commission itself � had a similar bullet fired into the ;.vrist . bone of a cadaver and found that the bullet was mangled. . � The most damning evidence. � though. comes from the mosf source: J. Edgar Hoover. In a letter to the commission not included in the ioriginal 26 volumes of evidence and. testimony. Hoover reveals that the Magic bullet and bullet fragments were subsequently sub- jected to. spectrographic .analysis. That test. Hoover reports. was inconclusive. However, there was an additional test. .a Neutron Activation Analysis. a highly kr- phisticated technique that measures the differences in material that has been bombarded with radiation down to parts' � � per billion and sometimes even less. In his � letter to the comrnission..Hoover blandly reports that while "minor � variations" .were found between the fragments taken from President Kennedy's body and those taken from Governor Connally's body. those differences were nor judged to be "sufficient." To the layman. that explana- tion sounds fine. and certainly the com- mission did not question it. But the beau- ty of NAA is that the size of differences between particles are meaningless. Virtu- ally any difference, however minute. is not only "sufficient" but irrefutable. Un-. � less . atoms changed their structure. that �'clay in Dallas. John Kennedy and John 'Connally were wounded by separate bullets. � . Perhaps the subtleties of neutrons and atoms may have escaped the mem- bers of the commission. Incredibly, no mention of the NAA test or Hoover's let- ter is to be found either in the report or the 26 volumes of evidence (so far. the 'FBI has refused'to release copies of the actual NAA findings). Far more graphic evidence, however, was right in front of them: a color film of the assassination itself. Abraham Zapruder. a Dallas dress 1 - ' ::r3r,"t - � � . � . � . � .1 ; ��� -r � J. _ � -205Trkz=� Oswald was arrested 75 minutes . after the President's murder, as he was sii- � ' '�� -.I. e, ring in a movie theater, Eventually. he was charged with the murder t of Presi- dent Kennedy and.j.D. Tippit. a Dallas : � � I "in police officer who was shot to death not n-S� : %It � `-^1.-/-- � � � " � . r6;$ 110 )1 � � : .4 -f� "?' "�����521' -7 -"r:' 1. . - i� - � ��� 1". � . � 14401,5. J. r � . -/ - , many blocks from the theater within an !. hour of the csacsination. The evidence that Oswald committed either crime is tenuous at best. Physical evidence linking Oswald ,i to the assassination was strangely incon- � �-��� .(_,,,,;44�, � --�;7 �-e.C.- .4' � � ...1t53 elusive A paraffin test turned up traces � , ..t. � � - of nitrates on his hands but not on his � . cheek, and was ultimately .dismissed by ,�����.% .1. r 'al � A .717 7 � � �,(.11il. both the FBI and the commission as unre- I..., liable. A partial palm print was found on � ' � the weapon. but police were unable to prove it Was Oswald's. The gun itself had - - , :been purchased through the mail by an A. � ' Hidell. Dallas police claimed that they ;7� found Oswald carrying phony � ' cation for an A. Hidell. yet the accom- � t,�4.1.�-..-.-; � 1 � fro = Just as I did. he [the man at whom Smith had been pointing his weapon] showed me he was a Secret Service agent." There . is only one problem. The Secret Service's-- own records show there were no Secret Service men on the grassy knoll. Indeed, a lot of people were where they shouldn't have been that day. Win- ston Lawson. the Secret Service agent re- sponsible for the choice of the Kennedy motorcade route, later reported that mo- torcycle outriders were posted on "the left and right flanks of the President's car" (a position that would have made a cross-fire more difficult). But, as the films -of the motorcade clearly indicate, the motorcycles were posted well to the rear of the President's car and, according to the Dallas police, were positioned there at Lawson's own instructions. After the shooting. when the doors of the School Book Depository were sealed, a man was "trapped inside" who didn't belong there. He was James W. Powell. an Army intelli- gence agent. Across the street from the Book Depository is the Dal-Tex Building, and assassination theorists have long specu- lated that some of the shots on the motor- cade could have come from there as well as from the Book Depository. The cops evidently had the same idea. too, be- cause. after the shooting. they picked up a young man who had been in the build- ing "without a good excuse." as the police report puts it. Just who the young man was is impossible to say. While the rec- ords show he was taken to the sheriff's of- fice. his name does not appear. nor does any alibi. Evidently, he just disappeared. The debate over what did or did -not-go on at both the grassy knoll and the Dal-Tex Building might well be resolved by a thorough examination of the wounds in President Kennedy's brain. Just for this reason, the brain 'was removed after the autopsy and "set" in Fonnalin. Eventu- ally. it was transported. along with other medical evidence, to the National Ar- chives. When Dr. Cyril Wecht. the coro- ner of Allegheny County. Pa.. and one of the few independent experts to examine the autopsy photographs and -rays. sought to locate the brain at the archives, he made a grisly discovery. It. too, had disappeared. The Oswald-Connection In fixing blame for the. assassina- tion. the commission ignored the testi- mony of eyewitnesses and settled instead on a 24-year-old former Marine named Lee Harvey Oswald. For a country still shaken by the Cold War. Oswald fit the bill perfectly. He was a self-proclaimed Marxist who had, several years before the assassination. "defected" to the Soviet Union. When he returned, he brought a Russian wife with him. As it happened. her uncle was an official in the Soviet Se- cret Police. Oswald had been born in New Orleans but had grown up in the Dallas area, and it was to Dallas that he re- turned. One month before the assassina- tion. he had gone to work as a stockboy in the School Book Depository. panying photograph does not look like Lee Harvey Oswald. The day of the accAccination, while rummaging through a garage where Os- wald kept some of his things. the police also uncovered two snapshots of Oswald standing in a back yard. a revolver strap- ped around his hip. In one hand he holds some socialist- propaganda literature. In the other he hefts along. scope-mounted rifle. The FBI. however, was unable to determine whether the rifle was the Car- -cano. Other researchers. notably Sylvia Meagher. assert that the gun Oswald holds is 2.4 inches longer than the Car- cano.' In any case, there is serious ques- tion whether-the man holding the rifle.is Lee Harvey Oswald at AIL Several pro- fessional photo analysts have flatly branded the pictirre as a fake. They point out that the V-shaped shadow under the nose is identical in both photos. even though Oswald's head is tilted in one and erect in another. In the first photo Oswald is standing at an angle so oddly out of kilter ihat. in trying to duplicate it. one invariably falls over. Other photo analysis techniques. such as the red-blue transparency test. find a disparity in the skin tones of Oswald's head and those of his arm and hands. A comparison of the head in the photograph and Oswald's head in booking photos from the Dallas Police Department reveals that the Os- wald arrested in Dallas had a rather nar- row. pointed chin. The Chin of the man standing in the back yard seems decid- edly broad and squarish. leading critics of the Warren Commission to speculate that the back yard photo is of another man. with a cropped head shot of Lee Oswald laid atop it just above the chin. Finally. -(thri Ad_ � � only plausiBle explanation is that Oswald reached Finland by noncommercial means. In the minds of the critics, the CIA made the means available. Two weeks after his arrival in Russia. Oswald showed up at the Amer- ican Embassy to make two startling declarations: he was renouncing his American citizenship, and he was going to turn over his knowledge of radar se- crets to the Russians. The revelations did not seem to cause a ripple of concern_ In any case. when Oswald applied for a new passport two years later, it was routinely granted. along with a loan of several hun- dred dollars to get home. At the time of Oswald's return to the United States� )62�the CIA was questioning ordinary: tourists about what they had seen in Russia. Oswald. the defector and self- proclaimed betrayer of military secrets. was merely met at the plane by Spa's T. Raikin. whom the Warren Commission identified as an official of the Travellers Aid. What the commission did not note is that Mr. Raikin was the former secretary general of the American Friends of Anti- Bolshevik Bloc of Nations. a group with extensive ties to intelligence agencies in the Far East and Europe. Back in Texas. Oswald and Marina were taken under the wing'. of � Dallas's large and .heavily CIA-infiltrated' White Russian community, Few .people. extended more kindnesses to the Oswalds than George deMohrenshildt. a wealthy. oil geologist who boasted that he had worked for French intelligence during the I war. DeMohrenshildt took the Oswalds I to parties and introduced the young un- � skilled worker and his bride to his circle of socially prominent friends. Quite I possibly. deMohrenshildt also reminisced I about the eight-month hiking trip he and 'his wife had recently taken in 1960 I. through Central America. Such tale- telling would not be unusual. According to the Warren Commission. deMohren- shildt had already filed a lengthy written and filmed -report of his travels with "The U.S. Government." By "happenstance." the commission writes. the deMohren-. shacks' travel itinerary put them in Guate- mala City (the jumping-off point for the invaders) at the time of the Bay of Pigs in- vasion. Despite the aid of people like the deMohrenshildts. Oswald was apparently unable to get and keep steady work...At least, that was the stated reason why he moved to New Orleans in April of 1963. Oswald did not fare much better on the job market, but he did come in contact with some interesting people. One of them, according to nine witnesses includ- ing several law officers. was Clay Shaw. Although Shaw's participation in an as- sassination conspiracy has never been proven to anyone's satisfaction. Garrison did make a convincing case that Shaw was connected to the CIA, which would hardly be unusual since both New Orleans and the Trade Mart of which Shaw was director are centers of CIA ac- tivity in the Caribbean. Moreover. Victor Marchetti. the former executive assistant to CIA Director Richard Helms and. author of The CIA and the Cult of Intel- gence, now quotes Helms as telling his. senior staff people at the time of the Gar-! rison trial that Shaw had been a "con-i tract" employee of the agency., It was in Nev. Orleans chat Oswald Ix ;le involved with the pro-Castro Fair Play for Cuba Committee. Once. while distributing FPCC leaflets. Oswald became involved in an altercation with anti-Castro activists. After a brief brawl. Oswald was arrested for disturbing the peace and hauled into a police station. He made one request: "I want to see the FBI.- An agent quickly appeared. and. Oswald was released the next day after paying n 510 fine. If it is unusual for a sett-pro- I � claimed "Marxist" to demand to see the FBI. it is no more out of character than Oswald's other labors, on behalf of Castro's Cuba. Some of Oswald's leaflets, for instance, were stamped with the ad- dress "544 Camp Street." The eom- mission could find no evidence that Oswald ever kept an office at that ad- dress.. but in its search it found that an anti-Castro group had. That groUp was the Cuban Revolutionary Committee. a CIA creation put together by none other than E. Howard Hunt. . In late September 1963. Oswald left by bus from New_Orleans to Mexico City. where he hoped to obtain a travel. visa to Cuba. On October 10 the CIA sent . a cable to the State Department and the Office of Naval Intelligence, informing them that a "reliable and sensitive source" had reported that Leon "Henry" Oswald had been seen entering the Soviet Embassy. The CIA said it had reason to believe that this was the same LH. Oswald who lived in Texas and had once ; defected to the Soviet Union. and re- I � quested that State and ONI furnish pic- tures of Oswald so that the identity could be confirmed. In its cable the CIA de- scribes Oswald as "approximately 33 years old, six feet tall, athletically built..' with a receding hairline." Later. the CIA released pictures of the Mexico City "Os- wald." The only resemblance between this "Oswald" and the Oswald arrested in .; Dallas a month later was the receding hairline. So far, the best explanation the t CIA has offered for the affair is that it was a "mixup." If it were truly a mixup. it bears some explanation. Oswald did, in fact. travel to Mexico City. and his name ap- pears on a Visa application filed with the Soviet Embassy. Confirmation comes both from embassy records and from one William G. Gaudet. whose name imme- diately follows Oswald's on the roster of Mexican travel permits. The Oswald- Gaudet sequence is another one of those coincidences that seemed to have dogged Lee Harvey Oswald throughout his life. For Mr. Gaudet. who lists his occupation as editor of the Latin American Traveller, is also an admitted former employee of the CIA. ; � � .ilesinan is especially interesting. First. Oswald did not drive. Second. on Novem- ber 9. 1963. the day he was supposedly in a car dealership in Dallas. the com- mission puts him at home in Irving.. Tex- as. writing a letter to the Soviet Embassy. There are other inconsistencies. On Sep- tember 25. 1963, for instance. Oswald. according to the commission, was riding a bus to Mexico City. Yet, on the same day. a man calling himself Lee Harvey Oswald. walked into the Selective Service Office. in Austin. Texas. saying he wanted to dis- � cuss his dishonorable discharge. In 1966 Richard Popkin. a college professor in St. Louis. concluded on the basis of these and other strange occur- rences that there were two OswaldS, and that the phony Oswald had .been em- � ployed to frame the real Lee Harvey.0s- wald. Popkin's thesis has a certain tidy logic to it. For one thing, it explains how Oswald could have been in two places at once. For another, it shows how a poor marksman could have hit a moving target ; at a range of 280 feet. For a third, it ex- plains how Lee Harvey Oswald. a man who did not know how to drive, took a car for a test spin at speeds of up to 70 miles per hour. The "tN:vci Oswald" theory also � makes some sense out of the CIA's "mix- up" in Mexico City. Interestingly, a man clentified as "Leon" Oswald. but fitting he description the CIA issued from Mex- ico City, showed up in the company of :wo other men at the home of Sylvia i bdio, an anti-Castro Cuban living in Dal- las, two months before the a ccnsination. The men who passed themselves off as. anti-Castroites said that it would be a good idea to have Kennedy assassinated. Two months later, when Sylvia Odio heard that a man named Lee Harvey Os- wald had been arrested for President Kennedy's assassination. she fainted. Now. Peter Dale Scott. a professor it Berkeley. and one of the most re- tpected and meticulous of the acKassina- :ion theorists, has come up with a new "nkle on the Popkin thesis: not two uswalds, but several. Scott bases his conclusion on a study of Oswald photographs collected by the commission. The photograph on the passport Oswald used to enter the Soviet Union is especially' striking. It surely shows somebody. but it does not appear to be Lee Harvey Oswald. The chin, fa- cial, nose and bone structure all are wrong. t � Scott has also collected the rec- ords of Oswald's physical examinations from the time he enlisted in the Marine Corps to the autopsy following his mur- der. They reveal some seemingly inex- plicable dissimilarities. A Marine Corps medical examination conducted on Octo- ber 24, 1956. for instance, found that Lee Harvey Oswald was 5' 8" tall. 135. pounds. with hazel eyes. Three years later. on September 11. 1959, another Marine exam puts him at 5' 11" tail. 150 pounds. with grey eyes. Of course. Os- wald could have grown three inches. gained 15 pounds. and changed the color of his eyes in three years, but it seems un- likely. Altogether impossible is the change recorded on July 13. 1962. during a job physical Oswald took. at Leslie Welding Co. That examination shows him to be 5' 9" tall�a loss of two inches in three years. In the arrest bulletin that went out for Oswald on November 22. he was described as 5' 10" tall and weighing 165 pounds�the description that is car- ried in the FBI ft/es as well. At his autop- sy. Oswald was found to be 5' 9 tall. 150 pounds. with grey-blue eyes. One possible explanation for these differences is that there never was a real Lee Harvey Oswald. or. if there were, he died well before the first Lee Harvey Os- wald entered the Marine Corps. From ' there on. the name and persona of Lee Harvey Oswald became an identity, of convenience to be used by an intelligence agency or agencies unknown, a common enough practice among intelligence groups around the world. Bizarre as the hydra-headed Os- wald notion sounds. it was taken quite seriously by J. Edgar Hoover�twci and a half years before the assassination. On June 3. 1960. Hoover sent a confidential memorandum to the Department of State. raising the possibility that an im- poster might be using the credentials of Oswald. who was then living in the Soviet Union. The Hoover memo sparked other memos within the State Department. None of the correspondence on the possi- bility of an Oswald imposter was ever for- warded to the Warren Commission. In- stead, it was buried in the National Ar- chives and only uncovered recently. W. Da ..Slawson. a lawyer who checked out rumors about Oswald fcir the Warren Commission. offers one explanation as to how the file on the counterfeit Oswald managed to disappear. 1t conceivably could have been something related to- the CIA." says Slawson. "I can only speculate. now�but a general CIA' effort to take Out anything that reflected on them may' have covered this up." � It is a chilling thesis. and, like so much about Dallas, it makes just enough sense not to be ruled out. � Who Done It?.,. There are no answers; ,of. course. only theories, and they range from the un- likely to the obscene. There is a conspir- �acy to fit every taste and prejudice. The trouble is that, since Dallas. Vietnam and Watergate. few Of them can be easily dis- missed Out of hand. For a time. the CIA itself considered the possibility that Os- . Alifignial0"051.414.44.-a0491r;,, The agency and the mob have enjoyed a cozy relationship since World War 115 when the Cosa Nostra protected U.S. ports from Axis i sabotage ' � wald was some sort of "ManchuriariCan- didate." a sleeper assassin planted to go � off on command. The theory. like all the others. made for interesting conversation around the watercoolers at Langley. but. if the CIA ever followed up on the notion. there is no evidence. Within the last few months, a novel. entitled The Tears of * Autumn, has been published, putting for- ward the supposition that Kennedy was . the victim of a:revenge killing for the CIA-approved Pt%assination of South Vi- etnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem. who � was slain in Saigon less than a month be-' fore Kennedy went to Dallas. One obvi- ous problem with The Tears of Autumn plot is the timing. A few weeks' time seems hardly sufficient to concoct and ex- ecute as sophisticated a conspiracy as . that which occurred November 22. 1963. in Dallas. Variations of "foreign agents did it" has long held considerable appeal for a number of Americans. including the unlikely duo of Lyndon Johnson and Jack. Anderson. both of whom pointed the fin- ger in the direction of Castro. Basically. the argument goes that Castro finally tired of the various U.S. attempts to rub .scontinuea. esed iegateribling: Havana. Cuba. - Cuba. crime and the CIA. the things that everyone connected to he assassination has in common. The :nree things the Wan-en Commission did nct u ant to hear about. They had their � � kii:er before the investigation started. If lazked a motive. they would provide Os-o.aid. according to the commission. Kennedy because of general feel- zs of inadequacy. At Gerald Ford's in! sistence. the Commission added oswald's being a communist as a reason for mur- der. Marina testified that it was all a ter- rible mistake. that Lee really wanted to kill Connally. missed, and shot Kennedy i=s-..ead. The commission should have az....".ed that to the list as well. It makes just as much sense. It is a confusing. disheartening. ul- drnately maddening business, this search for the killers of John Fitzgerald Ken- nedy. The people who 'look are strange. obsessive types. as people should be who have v.cirked in a grave so long. One man Tit o did some of the earliest and best iv- search into the assassination. and kept re- pe.2:izg that research endlessly.. with no one listening, finally wept mad with para- noia. Fortunately, the disbelief is spreading. It is the little old ladies, not the crazies. who are asking questions-- cow. Where once the commission could. count on the name and probity of its chairman to certify a preposterous sce- nario of events, today ihe mention of Earl Warren's commission brings laughter on college campuses. Ironically, the media have been the last to question the official version of events. The New York Times. which published its own edition of the Warren Commission report and a follow- up volume entitled The Witnesses (from which nearly all the dissenting-testimony had been carefully excised), continues to stoutly defend the commission's report. Time Inc.. which owns the original and hence clearest copy of the Zapruder film. keeps it locked away in a vault. On tele- vision the most comprehensive defense of the commission has come from four one- hour specials produced by. CBS. The cor- respondent was that Watergate tiger. Dan Rather. It may be changing. With Water- gate behind them, the investigative .re- Forzers are having a second look. As one c.iin a t io n researcher puts it: "We are one Seymour Hersh story away from a new investigarion:' America is different now than it in 1963. Castro is a�Curiosity. The doubts don't need to be laid to rest. The 'dirty rumors- have become all too true. What hasn't changed is the loss. We need to kno�A hy. 13 APRIL 1975 "ff�A AP A �q ri t errs Tow pirar t -11 4 t� . � (UPI) � s:a:n of F. Ker.:-...e.dy t-en tne. vic;:rn :r�-�!7;...-ing the Cer.- :en:e A7,ency has ?:-:.:tent Ford's cu- � a:: s::-red new ex- :.:e-.e::.- g advocates of the :henry. were a betting. man." says Bernard J. Fen::erwa:4, "I'd bet the full. be known within 'a . year? I'm surprised at Fe-nerwald,-.' said Dr. Rich- art ?:pkin. a philosophy 7ss:r a: Washington Uni- St. Louis. "I'd: :7. six ^ men have noticed in '."�����,,s a growing web .1 :f --Lre:r_ed disclosures, ev-1 -:mus and a:lezations which -.7ey te:le�--e-tviil provoke the I f,rs: sers- re-examination. =e. warren Cornmission't --;:rtf..-.sinn that Lee Harvey aced alone as Ken- i s assassin in Dallas. . was a commis-: s.::: memner, also apparent:- the resurgence of :55:n :he circumstances -` Ke-nety's death, particu-: - when the CIA was� time in- March, the - � 1-1-:use said. Ford up- :he precise Ian- cf the. Warren Corn-- m� -ssim's findings which he So, when a surprise question the matter- April 3 at. h:s 'San Diego, Calif., news -:-.7.ference, Ford was pre- ^- � ne defended the commis--; -very carefully draft-- � s:a:emer.: that "we had 7.1 evidence of a con- - s::ratri. f:re:an or domes- B.:: e . did not dismiss ::.3 3:::::itY.'"SO�far, I seen no evidence that dispu:e tne conclu- . 3.773 which we came." He St "if the facts seem to it." Ford said, the F.xlefeiier Commission and the s'-pal House and Senate committees investigating C`-14. domestic activities investigate. � Fensterwald a dapper lit- � tle Tennessean whose clients have 'included Watergatei h..^7,1ar James W. McCord.: Jr. and James Earl Ray said. he believes something big is about to break in the Kenne-! dy case. � "I -have the same feeling I; did about Watergate, the feeling the game was up," when McCord broke his sil- ence with-a letter. to U.S. a-strict Judge John J. Sirica crging high-level political pressures to cover up the s=dai. "There's just too much evidence around that the� Warren Report is not cor- rect. that the CIA and the; F31 know a huge amount' they didn't tell the Warren: Fensterwald !' said_ But neither the Rockefel-; ler Commissicin nor Congress: seems to share his, sense of urgency. The executive director of. the Rockefeller Commission, i David Bellin, is a former, Warren Commission counsel-. and staunch defender of the single-assassin argument. A spokesman said: "No evi- dence has been submitted to: indicate any CIA involVe-t ment." The Senate committee.; staff has acknowledged it: will study the question, but: only as a peripheral ClAi issue. �' Fensterwald believes thej trigger for what Popkin called the "amazingly rapid, buildup" of interest in the � Kennedy case � the equiva- lent-of a McCord letter�; was disclosure of CIA in- volvement in assassination plots against several foreign! heads. of state, including Cu-; .ba's Fidel Castro. Rep. Henry B. Gonzalez,' D-Tex., who has called for a new inquiry, says his suspi- cions were aroused by Wa- tergate revelations of CIA activities. and the Bay of Pigs. Among other recent devel- opments: � Publication of the tran- script of-a 'previously secret- Warren-Commission meeting Jan. 17, 1964, obtained by* free-lance investigator Har- old Weisberg, in which for- mer CIA Director Allen Dulles said it probably Could never be determined inde- pendently whether Oswald was a CIA or FBI 'employe, which both agencies would. deny. � � � � Two- former aides of the � late Sen. Robert F. Kennedy, D-N.Y., said he told them in -1967 he had helped stop a CIA plot with the Mafia to kill Castro before the Bay of Pigs invasion 'in 1961. (The Cuban exile community has long speculated that Castro sought President Kennedy's. assassination in retaliation for a planned attempt on his life.) . Publication of two pre- viously classified CIA photo- graphs, taken in Mexico City six weeks before the assassi- nation, of a "mystery man" who might have been trying � :to impersonate Oswald, who s -was trying to" obtain' visas , from the Soviet and Cuban. embassies- abOut that time.: (Fensterwald said two. friends in intelligence separ- I ately identified the mystery ; man as a "mechanic," the ; CIA name for a hired killer.) . � Former CIA official George O'Toole said in a new � book that a "psychological stress evaluator." an im- proved lie detector measur- ing the human voice, showed Oswald was telling the-truth when he told reporters on tape after the assassination that "I didn't kill anybody." � Unsuccessful but highly publicized court proceedings to obtain a new trial for Ray, whose lawyers claimed he was framed by unnamed con- spirators in Martin .Luther King's slaying, and to reopen the Robert Kennedy case on the ground the -death bullet did not come from Sirhan B. Sirhan's gun. Interviewed in 'his moder- nistic office in the Third Church of Christ Scientist Building overlooking LaFay- ette Park, Fensterwald said that after Watergate, "People will believe any- thing -- they're ready to be- lieve E. Howard Hunt and Frank Sturgis were in Deaiy Plaza when Kennedy.was shot:" Such irresponsible claims can serve to suppress the true story, Said Fersterwald, whose privatecommittee to investigate assassinations operates out of a small office a block away as a clearing- house for Serious research. "I -don't think there was anybody out at Langley, Va., (CIA headquarters) who set.. up Kennedy," he said. "But like Watergate I think you've got two problems. Shooting i the president is a lot more; serious than breaking intol Democratic headquarters, but covering up, who is re-.; sponsible for it is more serious." � � Contrary to the Warren � Report, Fensterwald says Oswald had ties with both the FBI and the CIA but raised . doubts bo. his loyalty in his work with Cuba. "That's best guess 'as to What was covered up,". he said. FensterWald said the key figures will remain silent until some official body, per- haps in Congress, grants them immunity .from prose- cution and forces them to, testify again under oath, . "Can-you imagine what you could do with Marina (Osivald's Russian-born wid- ow) in one morning if you put her under oath, and told her . the first time you..lie you're going to be on the first plane back to Moscow? "he asked.. � .Popkin, author of a book ; entitled "The Second Os- wald," said in a teleohone interview from St. Louis he suspects some of the CIA stories might have been in-- spired by the CIA itself, where Director William E. Colby is "cleaning house and reorganizing, and this is one way to get rid of some people." - One hypothesis, Pcipkit said, is that "they mighl need to -solve the Kennett) case to get back into busi� ness." He foresees a time when the CIA "Commits sui- cide in public, there will be confessions of wrongdoing Congress will ban all sorts oi activities and, the CIA Wit be reconstructed in anothei form." ' grave � . BALTIMORE SUN 5 APRIL 1975 KGB is said to think CIA has sub codes, missiles and leaked story 4. missiles. Mr.. Hughes is the NI- lealed news of the salvage misa Waahin -to, (KM) �Soviet intelligstnce agents privately Broker sues CIA lionaire recluse. ion to take the minds of the are saying the CIA's effort to roc-ovar a annken Soviet sub- ' marine from the Pacific met summer was a complete suc- cess. � There have been conflicting reports irom sources here over just how much of the diesel- powered "Golf"-class submara the was pulled from 17,000 feet of water about 700 miles north of Hawaii. Most reports say the How- ard Hughes-developed salvage vessel, Glomar Explorer, hoist- ed only a third of the sub but missed the important code room and the nuclear-tipped The Russians, who have not American public off the agen- made any public comment cy's faltering image at home. about the CIA effort, privately The CIA is being probed by have been very concerned two congressional committees about the new deep-sea capaci- ty the Urdied ..�-tates has devel- mission. They are checking oped, it was said. A high official of the KGB, the Soviet intelligence agency, trld a regular contact recently that reports that the bodies of 70 Soviet seamen�most- of the crew�had been brought ap in only a third of the sub are not believable. He said he is con- vinced the entire sub was raised. The Russians also were said to believe the CIA deliberately and a special presidential corn- allegations the-CIA, barred by its chez ter from domestic snooping, broke into the homes of Americans in the U.S. as well as wiretapped phones and opened mail. � CIA officials insist they did not leak word of the salvage mission. On the contrary, they say, William E. Colby,the direc-' tor of central intelligence, tried to stop newspapers that already had the story from printing it. -Probe official backs ;Warren Commission Washington (NW) �The ?-,otkefeller commission inves- aating the. Central Intellig- zace Agency has received "no =edible evidence" that the 11.A. had any involvement in ite. assassination of President isedy ;or that Lee Harvey 3sraald was not, as the Warren Zesnmission found, the lone as- ssin, the papers executive akector said yesterday. The assertion by David W. Win was a departure from the amarnission's policy of not arammendrg on its. inveatiga- . . Isar. Belin said ha had chosen to speak out because of a com- ment by President Ford in San Diego Thursday and several press reports that might lead to speculation that there was sub- stantive new evidence of C.I.A. involvement or a conspiracy plot in the murder of Kennedy Nov. 22. 1953. . Mr. Belin said the commas- sion, under its charter front Presioent Ford, had an obliga- that to investigate every allega- tion of illegal domestic activity by the C.I.A. and that an allega- tion that the agency was in- volved In Kennedy's death waz clearly-in teat area. It was in this regard that. the commission teak � evidence from a group headed by Dick Greaory. the comedian, regarding an asser- tion that E. Howard Hunt, Jr., ra figure in the Watergate case,I had been seized near the Ken-i nedy assassination site rithinl minutes of the shooting in Dal- las.I Mr. Gregory submitted to, the commission photos puraort-t ing. to .show that - Hunt andl Frank Jturgis, another figure in Pee � Watergate case, were picked on by Dallas police and jailed:Writ denied toe allega- I than in taeairnony before the for $10 million Miami (AP)�A former Miami mortgage broker, who claims the Central Intelligence Agency was behind his selling. of counterfeit mortgages, sued � the agency yesterday for $10 million. The suit, filed in federal. court here,.also names the fed- eral government and Cuban ex- iles Guillernamo Iglesias and Antonio-Vg:esias as defendants. The whereabouts of the two , men, reported to have CIA connections, is unknown.. In the suit, broker Andres Castro blamed the CIA for the failure of his mortgage busi- ness; for causing threats and personal danger to him, and for alleged humiliation and ridi- cule. Mr. Castro claimed the two; men persuaded him in 1973 .to. let them use his company as a .front to raise money for Covert ;CIA activities. The CIA .de- !dined comment on the suit: commission. ren report, al Mr. Belie declined to catalog though he went on all the evidence regarding Mr. to note that the Rackefeller Gregory's allegations but said� that the cdihmission Would con- tinue to accept any evidence . that might be brought forth. He! said, however, that nothing so; far had weakened the Warren, Commission conclusions. At his press conference; Thursday, Mr. Ford, who was a I present assignment on the _1 member of the Warren Com- mission as a congressman, said that he had seen no evidence that viroll!d contradict the War- . � Commission was investigatmg it. Mr. Bella, who served as counsel to the Warren Commis- sion, later wrote a book, enti- tled "You Are The Jury," which detailed how the commission had reached Its conclusion. ife said that after he completes his Rockeferor Commission, he hopes to be able to discuss the Kennedy assassination allega- tions more fully: WASHINGT( STAR 5 APRIL 1> r 5 Panel Aide Comments N+ CIA,..Link � To 1Kill.ing-Fbaind New York Times News Service The Rockefeller commis- sion investigating the Cen- tral Intelligence Agency has received "no credible evidence" that the CIA had any � involvement in the assassination of President Kennedy or that Lee Har- vey Oswald was not, as the Warren Commission found, the lone assassin, the panel's executive director said yesterday. The' assertion by David W. Belin was a departure from the commission's poli- cy of not commenting on its investigation. Belin said he had chosen to speak out because of a Comment by President Ford in San Diego Thurs- day and several press re- ports that might lead to speculation that there was substantive new evidence of CIA involvement or a con- spiracy plot in the murder of Kennedy on Nov. 22, 1963. Belin said the commis- sion, under its charge from President Ford, had an ob- ligation to investigate every allegation of illegal domestic activity by the CIA and that an allegation that the agency was involv- ed in Kennedy's death was clearly in that area. It was in this regard that the commission took evidence from a group headed by DiCk Gregory, the come- dian, regarding ah asser- tion that E. Howard Hunt Jr., a figure in the Water- gate case, had been seized near the Kennedy assassi- nation site within, minutes of the shooting in-Dailas. . Gregory submitted to the commission photos . pur- porting to show that Hunt and Frank Sturgis, another figure in the Watergate cast, were picked up by Dallas police and jailed. ' Hunt denied the allega- tion in testimony before the' commission. Belin declined to catalog all the evidence regarding Gregory's allegations but said that the commission would continue to accept any evidence that might be brought forth. He said, however, that nothing so far had disputed the War- ren Commission conclu- sions. AT HIS press conference Thursday, Ford, who was a member of the Warren Commission as a congress- man, said that he had seen no evidence that would con- tradict the Warren rep'ort, although he went on to note that the Rockefeller commission was investigat- ing it. Belin, who served as counsel to the Warren Commission, later wrote a book, entitled "You Are the Jury," which detailed how the comsrgssion had reach- ed its conclusion. He said that after he completes his present assignment on the Rockefeller commission, he hopes to be able to discuss the Kennedy assassination allegations more fully. A.Za N NVice President Nelson A. Rockefeller has confirmed that the "White House commission investigating illegal domestic activities of the CIA is trying to find out if the agency had any con- nection with the assassina- tion of the late President John F. Kennedy. But Rockefeller told re- porters afte: the 13th ses- sion cf the, blue ribbon -commission, which he heads, that there is no thought of re-examining the. assassination. Rockefeller explained that the commission man- date required it to investi- gate any illegal operations WASHINGTON STAR 8 APRIL 1975 ockefeiie Panel 1:6'Checkiriggicilngie of the CIA, and he said that would include both overseas assassinations and the Kennedy case if evidence is discovered that there was any CIA knowledge or par- ticipation. linckefeiler indicated the commission has no evidence contrary to the findings of the Warren Commission, which concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald Was acting alone - when he fatally wounded the president in Dallas on Nov. 22, 1963. HOWEVER, there are re- ports that the commission is questioning former CIA per- sonnel about knowledge the agency had of Oswald, an ex-Marine who lived .for some time in the Soviet Union and therefore would have been regarded by. intelligence agencies as a: defector. It is also known that CIA operatives in Mexico were aware of Oswald's move- ments there prior to the assassination when he went to both the Cuban and Sovi- et Embassies in an attempt to obtain permission to enter those countries. Rockefeller was pressed closely on the assassination aspect of. its investigation and insisted the mandate of .the commission was un- changed. He explained that any domestic activity of the ' CIA, presumably including discussions, plans or files would come within scope of the query whether the assassinations took place ' overseas or domestically or ; even if they were never suc- .tessfully carried out: � YESTERDAY'S leading witness at the closed-door hearing of the commission was McGeorge Bundy, na- tional security adviser from 1961 to 1966 to Presidents Kennedy and Johnson and now president of the Ford � Foundation. � While Bundy was in charge of national security and intelligence matters at the White House, a number of reported plots, possibly involving the CIA. were dis- cussed, involving Gen. Ra- fael Trujillo of the Domini- can Republic, President Francois Duvalier of Haiti and prime Minister Fidel Castro of Cuba. Trujillo was assassinated in 1961 and Duvalier died .of natural causes several years ago. - � Bundy refused to discuss � - his testimony with report- ers after the hearing. But he did declare he was not aware of any serious assas- sination talk while he was national security adviser to the White House. - _ i:3_� ' � a ao.1,-,st'"'te, - it-heer., etter-i been, ndlinotnerOswal frinid CaSOUSliOilkilit-telOphoned the ,-- -..:, nhthboe -,, e , summary Nan.. 'ed_nititission$ 4:1141'40:11W:':An,it q sOd...:.-1�L';'7.e0OVOnietirtiSr.-,..emittod :the. fact,-;'.",illt.ilt.:0:, j, ' . iieireg.10 telkg ariloover,on whet r .:11'Ciktit'' could',-iiar:',-1,......tha,t... IfoStr s rianie,lkelephoit'Olteg#1,0.1.1y.,4gt *ii -hisz 44,i,ii.p.kiitectijii4.1,ze.r.lifyeq ; t:W.jIS4 in twiiterrogatiot....f.' :-..::',4ndlieense tag had been ix! the . ,oinpliASiid.:::,th_al.f' O F13 , ;moored :a.cover-:-np,4 .: . ,,s, - 14 -Wtc,,:.- questioned f note600te.,i; ! "' ,:::', ';:!:,.:::]-..::;;";:-:-.;17-.:0A 0 416 ..1-403:0P years ago to keep the iyokred ,...: osw`aj .it :police headquOt7. , :''�.. ;The ., commission_fonici' out-.�.:.1,0iiii.ng '. Lee; Hatir,py, ,coi,offiis.0,Pi.f"rottit.'-lea'g tprninr*.,;.0,-);vaicii... 0.,,i, had. been about Ah&::.*;iiSSi00:1, , and prior to ple*SO0,04 1*4.01 . , i0:: . . 664: .i... B ."?2,,, 01.4w401Y.1',:cAlA '',,..1-04P.111.3, 'ilelikanded Ae-diplanntiOnZ Op "-i ,. tiot:incliCat0:41:dioijitio _ -a$9!1;'.-!4j_aiil'ei..-_, ''.:.1-Pis'ISt:',:10.11ct....,..- ''6',ecaniedigitkted;],"1.'�Iffe,*:-. ..4.4*.t...,27;:t.1961,.,-.,Aiooyer.-*:,wa'19.r3W 1V.Vz a.Pa2.10,40.P.I..110003',.,90;ald, '''-.,. �7:-',7... kali fi':!:!-Ife::thiii4 ad i q ichti'itr,. 14,414264XlidgCci-40111943'.'E :..A't;31.61dent.'4. ',Ott: oritet'-' I riterVened � 1",z�-'� e than' also gave.: what : .. , 1, �, ,.. - Tije:1-:',Alici deli t.,,;,' passed , ..,.i4.;;;1. , 4,..,-..,--1",, � -. , � 0:._*smatie :evidence lessIhatras. pehMi�h .:waoeii,.t.,! i,low.ev,or., without.,,,..4,4x;1419,0,K,411, br: tb.Za 1 i;:f..eaiiiletii with .,2. :vee _, before..-., , e,e.s,,,s,.eR nn, 9n,.:� enhhissionz....betali: to zero iii'',- :: of '1*.4.1j.r.OtOnjW,!tOtii Azi6ictptie-,:gitri6iita-dt,',h '. ;,...,,,4hatip4wo,q.:*4i,!*44.0..p. ' . .--g,,---,-, - -� ,. . i.- , , , al Sty.a1S6 Onfide. to alrien , , .-. .� . - - . Dtorie on Ht �; . �,- :,i...-: ..i',-.:, . \ , 9 the , .,;� - i,,,, ..,-�.1 ..-, _ �.- -_,, 4,-- ,reportokhad:todetorrAug.1.0;, ..', -.;-- . ,*.::--/Y,�.r.:-10:'-',i-,i," ....., /�10.iiki4iisifoat6i.,:if..Hqs.ty�, ,,,op ,:.,...,,a:Iiii4b.,,i,pd,iic �fdi.,,,qe, j9-634,vii,�kiid;,,;:iii-eiAterliiew::. ,..., 0111-J:4P:044 ;'S'-'h.e,..Dalla; ii,�41,.s...:#efdia-iiiiiittriti,,,A.oetszp.v.i.oht.i 'c-'h6',.,,:.:','.:-'441'.fro:7,,x�p'fiP:1?'01,74:4ii.14::1!5Rie,j1irlitt: :00,hurntialli-i T.exas, or in ' 'moi'41-0kINO*144.0,011.000- ivP0t6fil the conversation 04.-i Ifitikig,,,,teica;:vrior ,to. the ic'iih:ileii,9.aloC7-:!,1,;j947-Dka*,11�s411...9,46' .' - - ,:ire.,likeroillf9lleTBF,-,,-:., hrdr*Oi dent'''. OQ.tlng':F,1;'reSident .,1:1.14itip..*ptin� 1:':. : - , ...,.�.,-.. ecIV�.:' - � ' ;�peet4.1,::4-.iAgent:::: . . 9�tr *61:elire;,...g.'ilr't'41-;g?.,if, j1,..iledtr.rH-S.61;\ ttbhde's;,:1,-- c'afr'PE4r--10b..71f47'PP:�.-:.:$12�ftirt- - � ,,,.::, ,lionver,Am the :_.. .s..,nk ..; The licite., ,.:1-70.1hIcA..:. .... - his.- (AQPr..1: � t =Wet:with thp EB413ut- at a . , � ireat�dAjoidfie Pt-616dtKennedy red Qf1JQstyl4e4alk; his idn1iaT ,'�Ofteli wv " 1u pot speak with anyFBI i fit Keiji* Jijife. - that lloty,i'llnct.,`iiiiettial: !pge01-54o vonioFiti enh - Hert�Added.': ''''fr/-4he FELPLe,,i4f.NAOld 4fienV,itiabit '`,-P;j9e13'. e�71/44F- hethis.,Ahdila,tdiEr-tkc'hie 1 'Living with these ambiguities 'Should not prove. i.� . ,:,-; , ,.. 4- ,- - - - , -� ..., .-,%-;- .,1.:', i- ; --: a .-J::-r,,f-:T:- --2,-, OW On one explain the'eitiaorth- : an impossible '' -4i. :61'''f.f'i'6.itiit'6-*T"Ilr6u4k;lif � nary -"degree or PolitidaldiStruSt-and; - as e,otrip4re )vi e: tnOnifeSrl..lnipos4 ties. _beyond that; ; the pervasive ,taste;- for_ : tOStOryjand,:cOnspiradywhich iS etn4n e 'erities'::,VerslOti; everywhere so conspicuous in Ainiii._. ca ay .. Old' conspiracy � theories , , ., ... , (concerning Alger Bisi;"the',K0senr, able:: non-ulysteify e',�Bermuda Triangle ;,the"..--f..f1AbeOttiei:faithful Jacob ,Cohen, a member of :the : are riding,ltidlWand a .11,eWSP016k of ,American Studies- Department at : -high-class itionster...niii.Vje:(ThO Con- '.Brandeis. UniversitY,--,te4AeS,'P irerSatiari;. Ch.' iiiato,W4,;;Night,:4tfoir_ea, :- coutse:an:.".The Idea Of .Conspira,:. 0,..13#411aik.f4,W).)ends,',WIth",the-",-., cy." is the bisiS:foi hiS; monster: ::: 4 4 y e' A AO 'still menacing. forthcoming book; The Limits ' � The.litesiade.4ifftlfese,inOvOs , Sdents- istrust. examining aflegatinnOl., that we 0 i. surrounded . :',, . . hit nyernment- Fonspiraey;,,liiade,-,14 ditificitierably doninleitnticfiiiiiiter!, Onneition :with seveiaClaktiOni4. SeihiAM4icalliisMijr:-.------ � . . his'aiiielp:is- adapted e IMfient2 a longeryirsinnnub- 0a:0 thO.Pan4e119.,5iSlize.fat Wthilenintyinagazirie.-',:075 bji:,` Minentniy2.F1-- .. ,. Ing*i habits of =in e e , center of :filch positively 'iev�in :mstifiatioii, which:do4ieiNiKte, *AO � act,iperhaps,?co linty edttnt;0',,�:A they sawit -�- � �-tWe'4111ustrateliy T.-eating some the dispute With. regard to: ,the assassination of President Keiine7" fllifer;them'not to dispose ,of " , oekialis-geOf the reports of mihe'dOc- ' = birii*10'110e -jean the. X-rays . and PhOtpirap1i.s' of President Kennedy, . b il,ratvtiailhaf the Warrafi. Corn-`'. ib-i,finditids-,.libire- been nip 'ettaAireeituitheCEL-.1 .;a.ssa 'jc, Het; forces ttadhes, (to extt by t'e"Offe'red"AsAipt.:40140 The customary explanation,90es- how \votir f recent revelations concerning r , gate, Vietnam, the .CIA and tat clear) but as an example ertCo:. 4.r ;-haVe-causeit'adck,Perhatii,jtiStift fully resisting any efforts .ai*asa,AettibettAt'044.4t;:4d'hat,,., . ergs i, 9 ,, ,.,9, 9n And, ni.e-,ni.gaspolgion-.0Idnt,ennedy are out of .,Presi truthfulness and rcctitudeon high tIn his pg40/1;4. our -.otterda3)7 isPe oWeyeqp,,p..4 �. , Y nfd iia erilnsiiiid lien tIte7Cffittli'lf se,enn �FR, j:K life; .,therc;.',' se4Y1i ',447c more than enough readers for five'.,:xicia IS that t 'ail of he KennedY":',1-.16:4iVieWS",the:' fin indsb? d� ifferent 'Of; that laugh- xplanation and perhaps not the most, five doctorsempaneled by Ati,,Gcn.wriuit -important part I believe ve are deal- Ramsey CIA rk fo1study the11.93?,� AyilgiFounjs.iAcs _ate .??pecondl iillet'pa:thS:bii".:111finfiedidtable; and it '';tputh "inoe4,10eIy:th4ethe buffet bultl.hAxie tiosiAIree;of Ale:bar:than , , that it would have hit Connally where he was hit; then proceed to do .s6 Jacob Cohen laces Much further damage: : or the discredited Warren Report Mr.. Cohen slights all the disposi- ' with broadside attacks at the honesty five evidence neeatine the sineie-hui- ossihle,-to-sooth,ei-=eVery', crated -by this .venitable': 4pidiOn; but jet iroe,..crirlti.13 ,two linesof argument Mife':cindicate' there*,tnitst- t4:411;the strioke:.-OneCon.;� intib* ofthe'shot which.' ek-KanibuS:Vtill0;-'0 ; � ...,�,.. z-.., ..-.f. � .0.. ,-`.,ivrt .i.,_;.-,:,?,.. ..,;� -,-, and, m*o.041loyeriiirictpit 'zef the left ' -,i....,Within:-48 hours' "Of the, assassination;' , tigkat.iiiitA.000'Obiiiietheicnee. ,, -', one Clanks': that the FBI cnii,e'red. up' poi4i4k,ly,40-e4tect-iin the jump- evidence of bullet damage, ncit:be-: ,:o....x041.1.-4.4.ieottlit4:0.,:4g.te,,,,bg:111.1. Sent' directly in front and 'slightly to -,- cause that agency ; is incapable fib-, 'the. 7heft O,f'-K,etid.'�it..-iediffiCult to '.1 "'bind :bin because' the FBI could not : , � .:.see,., ow= a ,.. bullet pxittndffront:_the'i ',11ali,e-.ktic0,iirrv,wh4t lies. tojejUtliat '4144$4eiliblatdi.hjinaz.i411:116.-bigkii.., ,t. E.>, Presideties:AtOat ,' cciuldithiAs4ink..i6 eAo,13r.:;At*opf$:19*-417,tCOppOlOde : si44,i6:16iii4.jaiiiiTtii-ti,,-id,6,4*.hich is one reason the tirsf,ganet:A7,1,..that :the. bullet struck ...c..94nayLitillie�- ? k.A.iii-biiniiz.3.4i4,-,:ii,ii,A.Oon criti.O. stroye, So mightily to keep :,,rliaCit'::..and precisely,M;-the 4ilhd0' be.. 7114;71544:.*wit7tri:,4th4e,1411110�10#1-':0:niiink. rii,a through). If � ::,:..W.:4 ac.11.10k1dtg.":�-:'-' 7;::::. ' ;'''''. ', 4,,gh--atteredlifth-.i.i&-tTlhe",,billle'did"Artiis.:Connajly;:it-,cpuld;;-fi fastened,,,-1�IfThef,,anibiguiw , '.:b the - tf i-i.rlielci.14.;06,..lieht...niii.,-Iii,.fiii�ied ..t1,1e.14ter,i4r,pf,-.0e.: ,,l'icritiS.,i'arises tbecause famousthe, -- .4,40S'tryIlpii"tv.';:irEtiti' d*.i.l4;,:ii,?...O6iefico,7":i't-'-oP,i..,0fific,a;t41,4,...4b464ni,?6,.ite:',aof'll'ii444Y7,:.,,,,.,-._Zioasepirldiiteors4iiilintioaf,;itithiei-i,yr7.,..4tiohrgcnalltlie.t Ic of the ..c. nith.�tei on-the '1�Atit, '''speed"bullet, 'barebslowed"; by its e11'4rcgt,Kenji-00bne MO...Soot-1;6,Ni: - -* -- "Ilittiiigh�i-the4restdent !=i1"., to allow f0i.f:.tile,,pp:sibilitt`flideli6. , tiikP.011.,Ii'0.5:-.gi. 404r., aS''rnai7-,.St6.31w'S-ecOnditidt,fiiiiiiiiii, -017ilf 1:6ii'e't,i "IVO' nP-P, :w_rgu..p.ip,0:9PglY,Aharrtlie::bP4etT .lit r�Abez:lt,conniiiyl-i:ixe x arl*as. he palm CP- fabovp �ci., _ 'OiJAlialilstioe - la:44:t404 Tosii; � - . - - ,41."--- 'ilir.sTrtu ; � - 11-4 � , ., . , . � .. . � � .�, .� �. , . .�� i't air i.eeideiSnesS Of iii en.ivh6 are 're -6ii,ePteti ,';'�as'.: the ;''- most yl-ea jion Si bie , - eritieSigfithe...warren ''..C.ntninisSiOg . ,.colitiiiii-ed.fioti , 4, ,.., andjhetolerance,,lo.r.,reckl. es5pe4. - . - - .. � 7 .���Z -.1'i:4.,ktifek.:44k:00.t,I.Oli.,Od`. 1$:_flils*::90tiy.,10 � same 'Title': baring frames 207 20X2.?..','07f:::-.-in:thd.last decade The 'critics4on.'0 the-,fiinti,-.4rhich..waS"*etining:1*,;:4$:,,i'. care*recOtiStruet*Sitigitlar.real:;.,: frames - a:second, Kennedir';..ls'O,:tit...:of, .4-4tt4i.refetriingstifat4*,.of.:ptireR, ' view, 'blocked bk,'.'n ''. sia.r. Aklie 44;'!,17.,:iack; r.:(4.iW'',:ex/n,tit..AdietOrY.' beiti ti ,.-O. merges to --'i,iew:iiiftaiiie?:2IS,T.ityclv.i.ew�::.Tektifyip.g..409ke:the';RO'ckefOT Clear that he?hea. Aready',.beeit.bit?Pl� 'lit , Cotnui4sion;.:-.,4F;.; ,cY, 01- W.Pek,'4 � . both ' hands:are"Clutehing at'ho;thi*CL�:!.erofeSSOr.attbe.:DAcitleOe':1411�":6iiitsr,' ( WhiliPtie'dording rte.' the ..ei.ltici;r1ia'S School'''' , of 1.41,31:: an d :1�chief ;.tu edi Oa ' not, yo been Wounded) .'$4.1101,irelieil;'fi''eiatnineif.;9'1,'41,regliettii.COnntY7. pa:`:;,,. _ Connallsi'S reaction is nee di'aMatfri"Aftis , thelanF,11..ait'Y:Aiergue�that,:;thei .esity..:v(sibleuntil froni6.2.37;..rparhaps f ''. fact that .Connallystilt.held. his hat in - a seeond:.after., Kennedy; uiak.-strucifrome 237:.pkoieS:40- he hasn't� been! Prot,: jogab.,ThonipSotk, Whose; book -.4; struck : ip', .the 0:4t,'. yet; . when ,we'clii" � Aix: i'4c.Qpds;.. In - pallaq, deserires.c;...,,,.muSt,knnt.',0g.:COOnallY,had,q)Ot ' ' graphies award; has :dWellediloyinglyii,j yet.'�bee.fr4t*Ii iwIhe..wrist;:theglie- og that andr� the: ensuing: thre.e...lratne'0!.e:tier 'skiaa ,.:' f ott"�_the wrist will ,bey,er; .directing the readers a ttentien. to, the i,44.sin . be in al'ieSitiOtt.'.i6;:i�ehefte)ti' . sudden slampi, of '-:toutkuijy,!s:rieht.,..:,,AiroundS.4.ibmi:.'n.nigui*OieT.0,41,*0,4',I' ...shouldet1;hetween:fraine�:237.240n41cno*:of.nd'eritical 10414 'og!the:esS4 .:. the:.puftin his� '11,44:ChOts::'.c0.qp44-.-..;�',;,:sip*iori ;34hiCh'''.0eti,''aeltne,tirledges- '..-. himself,. reviewing the hi* 'f.i7.4#10., 03,:;:0,oniors-.,lirri,et, � iii:I.'pilebleiti,fo't '0`k - fret*, thought he-.W.4@it".q*gsslieroz"skestii,i'iie4irini,..Ofihe,Shonting between 3172.3.4.:: He does= not ..remein'4nti:/n Or 7liaeakiEi:!theSe,Ai,riterS.:0)* ber Te"ir,er. ,:being. aware"; of ,*minds-te'rp,Vnelivare. Of the i)rObletn.;�'n6 On e'.*Ii.li 44 � his wrists..- And . thigh.- Both men, let ir has Oiled with these thcitible' JiiieW � be: streSSed, ,I,tiere hillioni :!iiiiisiO. and -:.:3iyzzle. Pa O iti:,Inng'.0s.they, haie'..eag, � . ;behind,. not from the knoll...Theicitzeaifileit to Inniii:�4000y4vhere.",the:A0t' ,tion is, as 2,it -0,-one,Ortsyni ass4,;;:efitse=to fit together: Professors .'Atte, . -� SinSV'...` ',7.':', <:, tanghtini:Oaditate'seliOnl :that' tP,Obint' . 1...., Delayed ,IV,actiopeWfc b#110!�.),44..plpte, tritteatiirgyment'must. Inch; . a . are;:nkitincotnineg'*�43eiiingl'etk4ifrank'aCktiouqedgment of the . the;'aPalider,1110.i'frOx#10J,14,70.4,0,0;tges:4:61.to'iiioaonfitreitOrkl'fig' .theCritieidietOrt 'Itilecitrievaines..�in'..::,.;?.pre ' known ,-,..aeiiiiilep,;4aticl,'-i)'06 the caie,-,;.g,-,'aS 0.,,iri,o;keen*.p4otke,4vOich;:cl4w;6.1iviiiiiiii:: failit4 . . ''� Ctiniloir*Toitruck,bir,theeante huk�ti:r:Schoigishit. Which avoids facing :tlie, - let as "comedy, a )�eeetiOn - a : second 'obvious Problems the scent of " later does n e t 'present a - major .. Oa I- :':�, "dishonesty;', �''.4...:'?','-':-.'''''` �. - lenge to the credibility' .of the corn=, - ,,, , ' � '� ' 1!�. � * � *-- *: - � ' � . - mission's reconstructing ' .: of '',the.', ::... . All Utsoieh,b.11126s::us. finally:: to :the,. . " . shnoting, .134 there isone set of facts famous bullet, '.''.4as it haso in the case .:---; apart from the feetthat. been ,41thbed tby ::' 'e ' Crittes;eiciiihie. . the. bullet 'Avhich''exited,tretii. genne, , ' P,9, ..w..hichi in ..iti3r. ,irieviv'keteilt0.0.* . "dies throat 'cepa. nOr.it ' , MiSsed. on ' ' isefiods'ehal/e. ' e ttthe Marro' Connallyr:-,:the,car.-41Witie.b.:Orni.r.,e'S ..MiniSSI04 c4.4..'ho 401.64'..i.' e : beYiaid,;heile.oubt:.thi6thek;''cSiO ' ender::Ontijtidgo;,i 'hit bsr:th0...04M91130.e.t;;;et.td that h4'.0 ,.17.hebnliet*ra's fond -O.it, e�grn:11# ,..der\'i!.#itk.'4.0..y,';....C.Ontiail,y.:.p.'wriat oo.r;;Of.rIlie..:p4r1i. 4Pit,.:Iiii.inita-t.,:ni . . utnunds4:::.NO . critic ' hWeyerdisputed; 41.?4,1iithi4.44:-/iQuefi,t,,,i4e.."s-hd.or, h, � theiebaSie�faCtSorinteriiretatinnsO fat-i.,:(1. )-:that : the.' Woiind `otientry44 � ' ' ConnallY"S,r.!FriStAyAsmi theic '' ' . (dersal)" Sid .'' 3 � - , . espitni.'S.Setifor:e gineer;r:-,KennecliP en on cinchesfurthritiytbe'..-.:::StretChOri t6r t* O Jfif,ferepteMP..:,e artn:..than :the eickwounil en ;the palin.i"."41CY'rtiiiiriS::1,'Tiie,'1404rIent.:t..90-4hiel3!P book (velar) Oe;',...(2). 0.4t..gfe. bullet *liiek4,4his?stretatier untjthe.*4.4.,sieqin,'eit .. strtie,ki ell Pegns', ',1yrtItihed.: alr,trIO,i;i4:',.0.4,i4J34t4b.e.',0351.417i0Wii,#:44t1.11-4.4.1. )13 '� $1,0i,q,cl:33`0,itb/Pgi''P.4,P411.intij?g;;,.1,44i4,41tii".;-':10.-444Pir,C0*,;;AP.741',C4:44,9k .i.1/113,F.t.i.....f.),1,til,tspppNlyiad.t.,,sh.a17,4-fi,table.",,',WheftiftPOit.,':,.`Ii..;�Aurk0,,Ikola,..:4�,,*-0,. ' ',4�w".P,464t.0%;*9*,341kbig,144 :OW ,Webster;,.ro le .., he. :bine ,ish . t ,4. . i..caliaeCt.44i4 a:Airge In lAge,..40s' *is-, srerchet,'..104-ta':.#.1noflif,ttki1101. �::'f0�6,`, i'..i'is.i.i.41iii.Ordi.4:1POted '101* '4174eili;;;;13;,:,:jinitpOlf,ijIlgeilItf:, en litne- 1,t4t�cle:AS4feWardigeffnlarke An, eloia tor;lanyrAiffilinStireinOyfed, ..::third.,.gener,ition -.I.C;riti-4*.lto.,;:bas; ec:Stretaher Irenkthere 'I � ' ' ';', Shaken �dawti ' And !Slialfrair ti � '. ` where it, h. ': ' : ''.o. f c. ritiCis . . � hath&gove0 Vividly recalls makingpS;7eieeittine,thelOnk?b4;c1cv.314.f..,,,. arca /jcipliri olt ppviNver.g.lov.e Wort . , alighVdistortioe joka.. g.0, .0231 1.....oveethiqui..i;,' *Kay! direr, (the'left',V,I.IS less!, than The a,"ierage,?bullet Of *a Jthigh hJrzg afterthe first .shot.-;;Risright it. base :tieikh uireph kiacf;' knuckles type 4Pljerei103';Iihei:'reSu/t...,:or 49tboeti.P90440119/ dy gra spitigPa :tvIde=brisni.niecU.'hat':94.1.(1f.:,lead IL N-011. thsmg from'it5 base Ballistic at 'point, a split second after icenne-P*,,: ;tests Performed in: the ilekt::24)leara; Was hit; he is. in Perfect alignm,*.i.tabli4heii:that that bullet ' had' b 0141244,4*(ilt),#4 WiiiC , Uj 04 to; receive all his, tizoundiAsstimitie;:ci.fired froth the ' 11.01,14r4�4� a moment � before,,. at wpulci:,,,:be:; the';:r.! f10* or the Texas Book onl: he Was in soinething:144his:7Potter awayas found miles !-.111sixt ,A,3,3,4mFp,1131, 4,44?..tf 4Yrns.' hatr /1(nO .,..??1,11.siehi,.#1,�!.#10." 4:04940 '11 Y Momentheicthetioebie.4#t Plausible but then that s? PfP�tblgh0, 4S:',tlievOnljilhallOWtiunCitire of the left ,:ihigs 'ZsiairsaVaitrhatinenivkliustittiviti , g yra. _34 moment .�! When the; Warren Ciinunis:.."eitaSer:Vbji: Jar d' is 41eimplitisel,',=;et or�T,441414, a rs e Liiie-;heard te;,raging, And passionater:and loriiiekirdisse attleek:greettrflStupat all Ii )yhic arise ,. fro* 2.4milogi.tk'thut poiiblegnf,...dete JauSejtssenSE 0:12:Pi0,11.0trx,i), a the eptedtpic asp!, 0,161;a0Ortfi.OhS 16*'Cl14ird( '�rtnettientr ,-00.fittc0.0) oti,9%for7,tiOthin oivcilltecVelos R479.ar-In.g i1.14 tix0.ke'e '.0 *410:30 ugntJy te'the.,-righf.'oadf.hf." gad :is turned far to. thetight;'Pe ,apq,,a�minet,role,I.ottrAfe;:is,net:.s tnWhiChOf.theWcf0,tr,.0.04:0,esi: itrieter!;,-.CoOpat,jackete" Mnnl.i' always0 Strange s� en;ra a iipeliingg' mustctotin Wh�ovt Iiitiii t 4P/1 ' w 'ea"oi.. 't:r4"fit:..e,t1:7�hli;:oil:,,, '23'i he 11:i ht iLItv 14;3 :adObtlt,ttg '9 straig�rtVieOffo- t strange.- ' tila,$sykspli 03:09,1,16:50:9 ,,,� � , , ett,:obvioti 1,400 ' tices�At, t e ..',i'�".' .1!..',�.,,�::,:; ,. , .. ., � ..,,,..,, � ,,,,, : , ,, �, hapS,',ei.teetiting��thelOoli7�backWardNparoaloalMOW-,:perfectlyforme. the governor vividly recalls making save for a.,Slightf.diStOrtion4n its lens), after the fitit':shot'l-Its, right bosq:. It Weighed 1.,5.$;6*I.!�ehls;.i'1.1beelt wristover his lap, the ,t,,,,i,,innicriiiiiieidiii.0-.04.01i',00.p.. tiVer aVerage, ballet Of itS .'; :*i'af.ther.r"CaliSiiitatqra�:',Nkli0.0:u10 f6 up, is type, apparently the result of the �:;f thigh his right grasping a hand knuckles wide brimmed hat At lead ',missing ,�from'Ati� base Ballistic ien Ahatpoint, a-split second after 16nae,..-,:testSperftrmed in the heicr.24:holifS";;;,finalwiiith6:fteih:akJ010ft;hfitt;:, 431 Wei he is perfect. alignment �!� eStabliShed� that that bullet' had been intentititi011Yjifd *s tOrireCeive, all his *Minds: fired �fretit the rifle, Oswold.'s den, ,� he was in something like 'was .found,� Miles away, the.,sixth an1 haVeAtioWittliatkWatikkh,` a .moment before, that would be � the floor.. of: the TeicaCBoOk,'DePOsitery:cou, only itioment�wheOthe4ohNotoivhhi:.,,,;.The':.laft:bt.Catuially's wounds was ..::..-plauSible.;�hnt':then::th4...is,the';601ki,4hallo*.punctOre of theleff,thigni;;s:,':::lent:e'hatara 8. �� . moment when the, Warren � coainli causedcaused by o.' large, , misitlefwhoSe Pe..iner t igke4440 wh i,..-nins'peetitt0-g*flottifeting!:,ion entirely eXpend*,. eVadable,�:rednetie,'*APS:iirif,U:rm:Are y,frattie230,hoWeVerbefere-tlie;e4.;,�Sinee� no other..largAinissil e was invited�to 61i sthir 'ititiCs?iar,rhe.y.! was struck, Connally' Whielt�COOlcl be related to able scenario has begun vitutri tOhis. right '''*.9flif4r0;'.ftnd this one was I 'raised hiS'iight.�hand,:whiehii3stiltnfotindio911144Cc � don � � � 'iclutching the 'hat; . his knuckles are :,:-StreteherAlieArAti � � 6n-'-ConliPioiollAfter.::Speetilatioh-Abetit7theAssas juit. above andlacing hiSright'sheig,;,'.:�:'�-:cenclUdeCthat it tho�htiller'6 'der, ins . hail C.aused....all ;61vCoritially',S�, �-�"""" �� . mg the. 230uara:he .,conttnuesitistwn::,:,,,,,:,woundsafter hoving;passed�-,un.qh4 � : tOtherigat,,:c.,onrially'SkntickleS Are-",,,,(!:.structed through,ennedrSitock.,,,L..,, at least shoulder' high ';'elbew! the::,critiCs;.tookri � receiVine`iiiiiniratI OIIA$04 ,00,T his side By frame 240 slightly more several lines of, attack the bullet . liiSWorldAnd4tiAiidenCes-.4 , � tlionA second aft.K.:F.,9#.0.1,41,4rpo;.�:;?or,a while, they � tried:.t4:assoCiatOt-,,' truck he has turned 90i degrees to with Kennedy's stretcher, � Oiieqiikien*.W.VAiltfir,f'90 , the right and is being out'tho-:trcli.W,77.*As""the bullet 4hichliit.KetntedY4110., 'that if there is no, thm�,�, � � thedar..,,A:.:13,tillet,, striking,,;ponoollythe.back; and worked itself out That when the critics say he was hit then proved unproductive as it; bee a itia,..1.!'::*if:cottittioo**410.0.0s.li0,41p, would have had to exit from tbp,chest,S7Ncleat.' that the � Millet.which struck ble in not forestalliugepoipous o.,4:4.0040,,arioe;;,,to�.4-s4aketti:;,Ketinedryfti,theback did. not **lc ttF7.$0�iiiVei.s1k4.41.0.141AlePOtihas at . least two sharp turns upward, ht.self out, and ,�ftirthernmre;,,,:thar,0001;*.,',B.ut-Ttto.hktoghtOrpt.440.t.' midamr - right and then: left into the; Kennedy's stretcher '.waS':nOWItere-::.Y,.'theihisteri,'of:0'*hhttOvh,r-st*O�ck � knuckle side of the wrist andjheri,, near the place,Where, the:, bullet ,..'�iitiodexiting on the�palm,side, furtherrecovered:'.Then the critics tried, to' mission could hayploz t silence up in the air than the wOorid of entry, 'Argue ,that-she''Metiillit fragments the more 'xtreme1cmti�ondiscour would have had to.h*hcoth a very I recovered from Connally, plqs those age the' media an4eibjs harpJ turn tote,: the thigk.(olso;;toireniainingtit.hfiWatid � i�:,,ii*iid��-hitOog:00.... hot,:*,i)i0,*...r.Ofild:,4',..dectdath0.',..giiiitiiiiit'Or Metal missingthet,':the:!�cOrniniest.010400,,idire4i ' haVebeert�strtick '; if ,.the bUllet,conte:Afroin '.the? bullet, Which ittrue.VOnld,ProecliChief,.:44SticlOactetti.s,liotil straight out the palm side) plainly leave the commission's ce in a � have jorced the (ennedyfamily impossiblei Indeed la.orderfor;agun�re,OhOtubles:f�,But that :-:Man�tohaVelWoundeclCo'nnallYin;the4Oit;,:thi:,-,mi,.e.j.ght�or,,t40 bullet ms no ,. to the commissionave9y .:.4.11st� duringAhos0 frames he Wotild',Oenger probleip. for. the onvis.4030,015,,,..011:0,Mtl�9,�errd ..have to have been firing', from the- suigle assassin theory Then, Ior family to floor of the Car, But no gtinttioti,WaS years there W'greilioatocktlamaudo:,;:,,:oyipreocta4Tsoaa 4.1 noticed there that the FBI Tel ease its '-nj�eetroli..'"ipc}Ved;:.bY.I0P;41.W Th affirm the domthissiOn's g*1,34110.t of-theiShoOthig;i:�then,,:onenied:Onleritips� 41.4k , �live with the',POSSibilityAhattlnel'!,;ft1Wgi:etOlfeeavered..frainE4hejiedies'o,i;;:th*:oiliOr.,a4tOt4t* ,,-40.Ve.rii'op';'acetitately4tmeinberlIfsij4is copper andL9 from t(Affir,,r4is.But to uargfle tha '.644.. thotighwOnd. �reactions:AtiAhe,0*.uat:',,rtio:ireeen.rele*ipf;qiekireiciterrorS,ProVoke,4** time but�tbot, his . reactionS-.were�O*,elIeerflAt*Je, faUa slightly 4.0paitOpt e,vep b�g hit iri:-..thas.wtit.,,,;.4',,4till*01:01:44.t*ons.,49.4;iitiii;t1'.4clebote;fi**e.'.44 ',�'-,Orthigh,COnfirms that h is riot the , cansiderak,le one Save for a slmgit', that th&extreme best ,ivOess*Nk.f.Nithai3p#1.*4.bpwr44410tiittign'.,itlithe'.:b:a0ettil)41.0.400ttr*.44.034' ever well he remembers yhAtl,he',4'aiarlyariatit*Jimi;,�th-etitie0'A4144.1:Sererp,t�jee*:. thought happened sudden could , , Lsignipyof.,,the;;4glit shoulder!. and the 'wounds and shattered p.vo bones, lawyer?onthed,. .puff in�tholgt. cheek, they are clear Connally's tmbi.and ,wrmst,n have liave.unagmedctta ����� `..ly there in fratneS�237,238;but NieWed4eitterged So;';unSeathed?,'IlhaNai.reki.14:10VOitiK,'"41',.:0S ,iii:'theconteittr�of the moving filirt,; are '��XonimiiiiOnliever4:Coriducted:teSts�leattaettiO4olOgaylv ,p4r,t�;yof,...0,;,e-gr,Itc.r,,m,otwn, coratri,#nc�i;�'*scertaili:.theit44.!�10141iO4,144071,1:4;,' ' itti.�**frarOP..',.;.40'�:'',,wheti,';�,.oppallyji,44.100�:-sbaneit.i.bui.3,0thertestA'40ttltiuga., ..:;1eigi,k1s...4.,,r4014":,tur0,9..,theogIgil.y.,Nol:�.0019.00,�;.-Jeft:,:te,st.blille.ticp,rif40ab4r,. : .i.:',34',e,,Ointileted'.,a4ittlOiorpYt11#4::,44,4' 4,ftiii'ate.:Ii'df,ste,tstek,#,Inn4eifltibit4,99',`, � See.Orictlater'-itilrame24%;Liviiiwwitixevertit;exiketts*kti,filtig.'..befOre4lie,, the$0.'.,slight,Antbiguities,',.:Should,:notf:;60tiutiiokty.i.,1,0T...g.,,:glgai,4ii*4,A,),..,00 othyh:anjr4064sible,butcl,Ocfpiyi4:!C4i4q:41*boller&P!,1,441, .0:10.f0P.0:11AW*F4T erfite.-ierry.tilitotigh:life As coTripore;!,�,,, fled cpijpgtiqfirxt.t;f', 't,1)4 the ic,c; itTim!s7'�, , !idib-,:,thelhanif0,st .40P,ctssPi100.44.,.:4i0p!,0;.�,�pW.,#-;O00,6.00,t;':Of,i'tke..,5:1101.1,0. 1.iiiandedbYlheOritiCe!Nerinnint't,lIe :qiho*$i the '-.Straitt!.Of AdVoCaCY.'� Aec:fai; :Aootingi,::, 1-).,-1.:ii.,c1,:,, rf,�����;:r�I,,i,..,t-,,,v,./,pr:�.� 4.;.:$1.4-441,giyOkt#p:Pci:k9Sr.t.::;.0,t4#9�Oti'0.4,,i' .Athei:p aps,44..- , 44designifiCatitly.;; the', ciitiCaThai7eWthahallet:�li:thaf it sliap,e,40:101'ProPi,opiiida-Oiht ' P .,,,�.1.0h:thaii,,;owtr.theor,e,s.i.pne, pf,,O.g. ft !AI . .s.41.41e,'1, -;-,?.-:..., , ---' h sons ' q't have dwelled' nh olw mat titifficti10!...!Witti,..,thnilInP,Ssi140.4,4Ple'highli:1,:hiprobahl4i�Soite' att4t,TQ644.4;444:7 Reality, 4 tave,said .�happiem -, sue .A:. eta& Ast(4.. mon&tra,. g...�4 e,:wA tAba ' a !'�� .. ;�,,s1pon..�, ,, %'A ..uAJS:4WP ufig!thaV ewer cure ht . � 4 1.1l4J.WJA�c9 true " , kpectat liac04.44.4.W04id. 'Ps140r.94,#-TOP:8 issueson,theur m fie'rf�the`,Tlittie, , #4,417.1.0Mt�P' J.&W*LUiUmust ;pe V�P'. In q301 no 'irtfere"; :0100. , ������ . .yperen. outiflOr irli Itearlyythr4 "'Otitin less gossip, ,goksip eg-Fie�Sn^:' PAP,i4s, 'taking Michelangelo I eTys..hs esiip.IIS so c tat Oyhert shown it Y.,P.,!';JPpvsh stAfyes7Of:pavi 6riti to) his t. � � �PqrlYq.orl iMic ag'ri!fiOnt $9,r,ne 25( littleiirriportanc : , 7.0 . . , ent ofthe assassination. shoWing:iiniitite? no public concessionsof error......gun or.. gunman have, aftet,yCarS'� Indeedl*AyeePate'or'fitticldttitik,r;:nli3e,t4ntense.!.sertitiny;te,ifebt-ones*Niii4 appearing-in the:wak e-of-,Watergatere d 476 one hears the same gone over ;,'It ie Usually the case in Public:: again:and again:Mark,Lene is. beck', course that re ire la tione :the college lecture the,accajrij303.rinkii "ing old mischief, most of which has Cage; i,When the, grediiatestiidedt41-..; even.: been'dikarded'hk other OritiCs,;:;. admits faking test results, the:PrefeSc7.' A; writer likeGeOrge 'O'Toole, whose ' ' sor is expected to denounce the con-' .lan:ciftikli3OPIY:, The Assassination- -,- elusions. resting :onthose results.: - ''�,4iieediatrec,eiVecl a big,play: in the, . :With the assassination very ' eir,:Maga4nes,,.,reheirses- lines' of discourse seem to preVailtille::4V,. JiriernepOiriiiCWhe admits a re f tic& new line ;of :.speculation eOr ".1.fetohedi.!eilf:te,Sef5dirkeVent whic104;:vears'andredains tempcirarilkUnte.; -**A4deife.rAtel:iiiehheateeFC-Ominent;i:-.'6,futed,&11..the-reet . take .on'neit'aifdirA ,eVeri,,,tireinlinbefird.;Cediiient;'!.Can't RevieivinigMark Lanet,s..:1?de/ii:Te114, he:iedPletelk's,CleatiYAndhere:Is.:the.5.:t:64udgment (1967) soon after it.tiPpe04,14, tiiid;;Old:SatUrdakEireriThePe'si..ii.ied,; Norman Mailer, who .hae.,,efteit?;,4,,':.t ePtedber!:,197,$;�;:,;.�-;,s.Vithlti:;NortneW.::* claimed he is able to recapitulate theipk'�!, HtiakWellliertrait'of''KehnedY on thefl. deepest currents and emotions of cover, and.within, sandwiched times, wrote, , in the Village Voice.�! -tWeeirtha familiar homespun noetal that. if just one-tenth of what Mark.",,I -itti;'.0'eectien on the '"unsolved niur� Lane was charging Was true, der mystery," featuring decade-old', Was .:serious 'mischief afootin the - epeefilation &bout:the:back and neck ' land: A less contemporary judgfrienn!..,: ;,,?.� *Mind and pictures df the � leading would hold that if nine-tenths , critics of the ,Warren Commission .Lane said was nonsense, the chances': the:aeit,teltere of the rest �containing Much sense are Hannah, Arendt -Written' that: very slim' " . " (the opposite Of a fact is & lie: "*'� * , will Code time when many of the All. of :Which 'does -not mean that 1writers'aind;leeturere)vhO have giiiii4.:�';...there.'Were � no Watergate � or;Cf*.f.::i:, ed celebrity by raising doubts about revelations, no lying' in 'Oonneetioif .1he!aiedesinatiOn':will..be known for With Vietnam., Nor are the biireaw ..4?�:What,4hekOCCaelanallY were: con-.`,.'::cratie; Political and plainly immoral 'scious liars. But in explaining the :tendencies associated' with these .�� grip- these writers have on tindiencei',',:;',evente�absent from the government's .'and readere '(and editore); one Uniet:,,chandling.of the assassination or sfimes. . �� -:i�;inveike,a.'public'piyOhOleiy,titiitej'),3.!itliee.: Cases. There' is: already cvi- f�liar :to the historian den�C�.,ifor example, that Vcrazes .andiither Paranoid :enthitel,1;',..Iearing',that. the a genay'Weild' be"' .''asms'in' which even proven fantasies blamed for not providing 'better.. 'retain^. lingering*ebtititien':.4 When for the president. 'hid !,,'.:.denCe that it knew Otivald'e G' 'eattitg.!Wtha KetinedY'A'Ssigeinatidie, lent. tendencies. before the shooting. , cages; nordally ratiOn.:?. al people display the sweet madness.:: � ,Nor is some future revelation that, ,� of the .flying-saucer freak Or the Oswaldworked in some capacity for Bermuda Triangle buff who !takes:: 'the CIA Or FBI precluded, though that would not in itself tie those ageii;',. no efforts to hide his assumption that .7.. palpably mistaken identification of a to a plot to *ill: the presidenC.I.: flying' 'object 'or Ocean 'mishap is *mild .guess that HUAC and the JuS40,':, identification of some sort which re . tice to.ePOOmenek"POreuit and. Preee-ii. faine'!,etatiiiae evidence. of: Hiss .and the Itoienbergek' Characteristically, the assassina- were Often Unscrutnilide: and 'eiCee.;.�:i ,:on:critic will moVeSW,iftlk'frOfn'enel,V;OVOii.0:4:documents'nOw;,.ibeing4.21; e5d:kiti.dieotfgb.inothet��;�;iidvoefijausind4::!4ele`a)04 in those CaSet:Will.,'PrObabli'.* laWs Maxi � arineredd .11Oneerieligh:,t&Perrriitreader or. ' . ' � ;01zog 0:i17444?&!,,,,, ;ferteil.,*`teet thp-;.kiatidftir.:Of ''eOek.,:: : ,' Obviously such Wrongdoing ..Catincki:-, go �things:: fi'015bate ragq,' 'lig Tand.AF,aap il 4:1,itli,,�iittu.Ch ' seperatePrOvecatien...i.OVeethe 'Peet i::: ...� :be, blinked at; indeed; a, little ,'pe i*-. -: � ':iiiseienateiand&ppa ., well-n-, ten 'yeirs':otie .'itiee . seen; one , after, ',.noia,. is probably healthy in. keeping" oseible thingee,, 'apparently hapPeningsTrdu :'.'';foraied:rdiesea;,ifiest-4,sig. ,. another Of :theeetriffs..dieeolve,ai the scoundrels in line. However, : the wever, i ) ..t accept- : so ;:zifetfiiiidVAftirialt.'..;.til herelhere , i s . . ,. . . . . . .. . completely umet � any:.speculatiorg -.. , evil forces conjured by the assassina- as,the bqepit' ., . ..,.,-ernokesjhere:40!rel.';',B4tthe..emoke in ' about the Kennedy head and :back.: "rtiOn: critics " and their -like are of an'.,�::: oplidate�-Otteottin'thiiCaie,;if 0101ig-afitOke':nCVetbal: . :ieki- wounds, for instance, though that hai::.:: :entirely.", different order. In their' high Order,:cofisia...: .� �.,.,,, afiliiiit tien;4 cheitileall . , ,, . , _.._ ..,,, _.k ,.produced.. not dissuaded cunning :. Writers .anck,a,,,,liadli,-,the system ie:eimplkfuireeet:��1;:. ; of tbecritice mist not like iii.aviti�e..06,,fivealliaitieti�what is ,OrOtorolcfromi,:itatrangirig Ahern.'ini�,:;..,..-,;,:ruzable..Among the lessons of. Water-r,-,,, hed*:',. .,,.-4:.A.. ts�j90.-hadtt Iilaritink0..thattheimiblie Seems. in. . l' w improvisations....... ,. ,,, ..,, ..i. ,..,, ,,,. gate,�, .., after all, is. that. in 'a, free socr.r, t�J ' '.. i..:::,!1, '..,Tlitts .the-PhotOgraph.Fice Oswald, ":;eti, ,,.' if ;:ii ' ..very hard to -.`, hiirk7, � he real reilikbleOli4otietiiiii;thellifference': rifle hand is not &fabrication, but conspiracies,,�,!� for very long even con,;::-..1 :- ;,,,,�.1?. , clUeion is possible *eO'n , s e )iteeensofitheplausibleas i picture 'ori his camera by hie.,;;;.�elairliCies',',Whial.1,:: in . the ca ;.e6;1(::.:. ifie:betv'thatAlit tifeliiiiieliefe,liA6Pidiblen:aiiiesoe:a. Watergate are dinaidOrablYStiiiireiat, -A-', ittoodisiototap soviiiiiiiii4i,thiaoliii,o,i,,,,,::��� 1�,i,j,wifeieVen. inctothbefOreithe.�Kenne- cothek.teCOnefir ' � � ..�. ,,,. , , � ,,,, 4�141h..t..r: , ..d 7a e:ohitaoddointvg: underAnti,.:::::::,'.. :, modest thanI ' those implied b3%..,Itici � - -49.04ipTip:�A::..ti,,..,. i.,-,,,-:,.,;..,:.1,7,,,! ,k0Y6ivassidas,seriooastiett.64.ffi assassination critics �;.' But. to those e' 7..,. kirk in oiVvitirld, eicrie' " ' thape'orie � . .. .. .. critic's, the government is capable of he p,reeidentit ...ACtfial ;;�,thespeCulatierisr:inAn .made, p .9f. ass icin,.critiCe;:.' ',-, anything. We are ',beset bY:::cletnalM!iTi , , ,Hostlf at Zeiteliliedf,i'r ''-e'"--''' illusory..-- Darklaiid- ' , . . _,,,. , ,, , , :,,,,,, aseTar, ,,, utterly,,.. c � � , � . - - pi.t*.fiiil,ofPitirtiofie..!:'Of 'c',reiiipeted.'' books : ,' - wmild. have 'found Oswald ;.guilty ,of:','.'. The delirium and contusion they tehirt.:! it -oVer;.tnthec'not illet,fired;fre' ,eViiniet'ibedieCardedWAverthleee (one '1:' : shooting officer �.Tipijit, Which is not .: � ,', to provoke turns citizens into meta g..0, littleeitd,inoiltiiiikOnf. ,ThOlniSatiiil'Siiic 'Second � --. (physical. spectatilwillmjiiipped4or ti-, lot. ritOr&thin. bithoisso.fsi,:,,:qii.,-, itigis4leltifsetiisi,,t ,sak.,thatthe , efenseatterney, in.i-.; it ,,,t40,-0406**fictheire. been at & loss for �.- theheidireeliftioAii4iliec'e'Avhiehii He drops Indian' 1.0fie*fiiiitli-'itin& isi:::',VrOids;'..a.he.Iitetute,:tifli.*0:41eieliai!:::;::..., , preserve..liberty, , Ivo) . necessary to, ' � - �,-i..,r-rl.qi.,i-.1 npailY!..a;i tb teiiir passionate,:sineerit 1,.�opeofirse.thereieln .0 ' � '; ; ' '..� e:Wolideirircli ., nrr6Frii thitikIpittiostfipsoii, arrested the.f.shoOting!'does, not Of , o Civil Liner. ,,..,$k4,,es.,,, reVeiil the faces dt HOWard Hid .iiiiI41`.i%.tick. �pion ,to,; protect ,_ Ar,institytione.F.I.i.r'r.'.-:'.! Onna. eTcw5F,9,',- Nvh-Wvf-,ftir4F.P..t.:?::t.r,�featilt4tttigtat Ahe';deretict.Htintlit illi:OPI.4.10aciPr,-0514akntianii',Oitinnaidiiiaj.:,,,, khbicitiktiiii fi:tigliTa . asgnovn,ifor'''!" ,.� .,, '"'"77 ';',.;, sliiiiier;,;,kis14 er,,. and fatter. than :. the, . Atiditr.';00.00(tallhig, cot,irilhilOgiO.reft,' :?yintitithietralo hiteye �eih'ililai-i'ilio-f....,f-ile' � ''' 'A.A.i, u� .-- ' derelict �; 'Sturgis".��much1- � ' '. 'T ' '' � ii, 'more' e 4' � ' --- ti, P f. .;,,..."-- al:o,,,.".:A.,e .;:, tion:�1., 4et�wis ,: p , op/e,;:every-o)--:.,! a t.." i Mtge , ,, 4ty O'rlliSult .ed,:fAti?'MP-,,,ialler...iatiii:lithtir4hiii,;his:illeiee 060*-pfirct ehit.kk their': fingers at" te,40,figeiff.rthe 0403).h : every stu- i.. ,,!, ,�4:1,.. � 4; 'look-alike. . And, the Several- photo.- these cranks and say: For shamel,.., etilli-:::11,vartip II-Inde,t1RteArtint iniAne:-.4itho:titig ie,761in'NCeniTifin :linitiiihatO -$e i'dfi*S.efdrra defii '.'''.*thi'� NA1 Lk:40g ' jfift?.. Connally,,, Or iiii.)0.0 1 :entirdlialtkilidde 4,;:w ,......-ces.:.; 4�....�;;;u: