CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN - 1960/03/25

Document Type: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
02992200
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
U
Document Page Count: 
18
Document Creation Date: 
March 17, 2020
Document Release Date: 
March 26, 2020
Sequence Number: 
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
March 25, 1960
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULL[15799012].pdf846.97 KB
Body: 
VZ - Zdt/ f Approvignpl:iitit3ICO2992200 L � 25 March 1960 3.5(c) / 3.3(h)(2) Copy No. C (;S CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN DOCUMENT N. 112_ 10 CHANGE IN CLASS.K � I v.CLASSIFIED ;AS. CHIMCEO TO: IS S C Or7LAT REV/EW DAM 4044- 4UTH: HA MI DCTE4LIN 19e9 REVIEWER: TO ZZ/Z/ZApproved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO29922007////, Z./ /rzz A Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 Name Nue TA P__ArPfill Vr-r Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 er't 7r1 r7r, Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 25 MARCH 1960 I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC USSR--Comment on 23 March launch of supersonic, aerodynamic vehicle. Chou En-lai to visit Southeast Asian countries after his talks with Nehru. Peiping's aid agreement with Nepal re- flects substantial Chinese effort to in- crease influence there. active supervision of Pathet Lao activ- ities in Laos. II. ASIA-AFRICA Iraq--Security forces crack down on Communist and anti-Communist demon- strators. Semiofficial Indonesian daily blasts Pei- ping for its critical comment on Djakar- ta's handling of Overseas Chinese. South Vietnam's claim to disputed islands puts new strain on its relations with Cambodia. \ N \ III. THE WEST 0 Cuba planning early purchase of aircraft from LIAR. 0Adenauer's position on Common Market may intensify anti-German feeling in Britain. pc% r) Af�rf TIP Ir:"T' Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 V / z Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 Nue vise CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 25 March 1960 DAILY BRIEF � I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC USSR: On 23 March a supersonic, aerodynamic vehicle was launched from the Vladimirovka - Lake Balkhash Test Range, apparently intended to reach the Kamchatka Penin- sula. Available evidence does not indicate whether the ve- hicle reached the Kamchatka area; . This was the third operation involving a transcontinental flight of this type of vehicle. One of the pre, vious flights may have reached the intended target area; the other apparently terminated southeast of Tiksi. (Pagel) Communist China: Peiping has expanded Chou En-lai's trip to India in April into a swing through Southeast Asia, probably in an effort to restore Peiping's prestige and dem- onstrate its new "reasonableness." Chou and Foreign Minister Chen Yi will visit Cambodia in early May and will stop in Hanoi for talks with T-Trt OH Minh affrar stops in Burma, India, and Nepal. (Page 2) *Communist China - Nepal: The text of the Sino-Nepalese economic aid agreement signed in Peiping on 21 March and re- leased to the press on 25 March indicates a substantial effort to expand Chinese influence in the Himalayan kingdom. The Chinese have granted Nepal $21,000,000 in additional aid; will send technicians to help implement the program; and will open an embassy in Katmandu. The Chinese also signed an agree- ment accepting Nepal's request that the "traditional" boundary be used as a basis for final border demarcation. The 'establish- ment of a joint boundary commission undoubtedly will be cited as a precedent by Chou En-lai in his April border talks with Nehru. (Page 3) TOP / //// AApp/roved for Release: 2-020/03/13 CO299725/60 Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 4;:7 � �,0 North Vietnam - Laos: a North Vietnamese "agents corn for Laos was reactivated at least as early as January 1960 forthcoming Laotian elections and with party organization. contain guidance from a "higher I echelon," instructions to create "new bases" as a counter to Laotian Army security sweeps, and arrangements for the dispo- sition of "cadres responsible for training troops during the corn- ing year." (Page 4) II. ASIA-AFRICA Iraq: Violent incidents between Communists and anti-Com- munists in several parts of Iraq have increased internal tension during the past week. Iraqi security forces, apparently fearful of larger disturbances, have cracked down on demonstrators. (Page 5) Indonesia - Communist China: In a revival of the bitter ex- changes between Djakarta and Peiping last fall over the Chinese in Indonesia, a Djakarta daily which frequently reflects govern- ment policy has vehemently attacked Peiping radio for criticiz- ing Indonesia's handling of Overseas Chinese repatriates. The paper labeled recent Peiping radio attacks "an open insult" and "a big lie." Djakarta apparently is using this means to answer the 15 March letter from the Chinese foreign minister which ac- cused the Indonesians of persecuting Overseas Chinese and ob- structing their repatriation. (Page 6) 11 Cambodia - South Vietnam: The recent trend toward im- frA proved relations between Phnom Penh and Saigon appears to //z.,. / have received a setback as the result of a formal Vietnamese -,z ,-7., i demand on 9 March that Cambodia renounce its sovereignty over several disputed islands in the Gulf of Siam. Prime Minister , V zv Sihanouk denounced the Vietnamese claim and declared that his 4 / country would defend itself against invasion and would "not lack A friends whose higher interest is to help us." KA ;,. (Page 7) (Map) , e, / - , ,'.- / 25 Mar 60 DAILY BRIEF ii / le 4 � 7 ,., ' --/- AApproved for Rease: 2020/03/13 A �:- ,,,FiFIT4 Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 C62992200 __;_)1_:,2)4� 'MINE, I *al VA III. THE WEST Cuba-UAR: Cuba is planning the early purchase of air- craft from the UAR, which has offered as many as 23 obso- lescent British-made jet fighters and numerous lighter planes. a Cuban army captain will leave Cuba for Cairo on 25 March, authorized to buy the planes and to continue earlier discussions on the training of Cuban pilots in Egypt. (Page 8) Britain-Germany: .::lifferences between Britain and the Common Market (EEC) countries over European economic co- operation may add to anti-German feelings in Britain. Chan- cellor Adenauer's endorsement of the EEC Commission's rec- ommendations for accelerating completion of the six-nation economic integration has dimmed British hopes for closer co- ordination between the EEC and the British-backed "Outer, Seven" free trade area. The United States is blamed in part for Adenauer's mov.g (Page 9) IV. SIGNIFICANT INTELLIGENCE REPORTS AND ESTIMATES (Available during the preceding week) Communist influenre in Culls WM: 15-60. 22 Mar 1960. Outlook in West Germany. NIE 23-60. 22 Mar 1960. Soviet Attitude and Tactics on the Berlin Problem. SNIE 100-5-60. 22 Mar 1960. 25 Mar 60 DAILY BRIEF iii t �;/ AApproved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200r Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 VOW I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC Third Transcontinental Flight of Soviet Aerodynamic Vehicle On 23 March .a supersonic aerodynamic vehicle was launched from the Vladimirovka - Lake Balkhash Test Range, with the Kamchatka Peninsula as its apparent destination. An attempt to launch this vehicle, probably that which the Rus- sians call Object 350, was noted on 18 March, but adverse weather conditions and possible launching difficulties caused rescheduling of the operation. Available evidence does not in- dicate an impactpoint, but the vehicle could have reached Kam- chatka. racking positions and times similar to those noted in transcontinental operations the latest available located it about 300 nautical miles southeast of Tiksi. a test program for a vehicle identified as Object 350 have indicated that it is a cruise-type vehicle which, at least at present, is pilotless. It is believed to be rocket boosted and to have a chemical ram-jet engine producing a cruising speed on the or- der of Mach 3, an altitude capability of at least 65,000 feet, and a range of more than 3,000 nautical miles. Object 350 might be a surface-launched, supersonic, cruise- type weapon or reconnaissance system. 25 Mar 60 rlekITD A I IkITGI I 1#-�coar-c ni cTiki 'Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 Page 1 Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 TJECNLI Premier Chou En-lai to Tour Southeast Asia The Chinese Communists have expanded Chou En-lai's mid-April visit to India into a swing through Southeast Asia, probably in a major effort to recover prestige lost in 1959 through the suppression of the Tibetan revolt and the armed border clashes with India. Chou and Foreign Minister Chen Yi, after stops in Burma, India,and Nepal, will visit Cambodia in early May and then proceed to Hanoi for talks with Ho Chi Minh. Chou will attempt to confirm Peiping's new "reasonable- ness," as demonstrated in its recent boundary agreement with Burma and Nepal. Chinese Communist propaganda to the area has increasingly stressed the "Bandung spirit" and China's "need" for a peaceful environment in order to build its economy. Since Chou's swing through the area in late 1956, no top- level Chinese delegation has toured Southeast Asia. Peiping may feel the need to follow up the recent series of high-level Soviet visits. The Soviet delegations gave Peiping virtually no support for its recent pose of "reasonableness" and main- tained a neutral attitude toward Chinese disputes with India and Indonesia. In Hanoi, Chou and Foreign Minister Chen Yi undoubted- ly will discuss with Ho Chi Minh the situation in Laos, particu- larly the effort by the Neo Lao Hak Sat to function as a legal political party. 25 Mar 60 CFKITPAI IlsiTFi in,FmcF R1111 FTIN Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 Page 2 rirt r Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 Sino-NepaleF.- CLILU. A7M.J.1. LICA .n.5A ziar 1-0 Ana,� The text of the Sino-Nepalese economic aid agreement signed by the prime ministers of the two countries in Peiping on 21 March and released to the press on 25 March indicates a substantial effort to expand Chinese influence in the Hima- layan border kingdom. Peiping will give Katmandu an addi- tional $21,000,000 in economic aid during the next three years, bringing total Chinese grant aid since 1956 to $33,600,000. Chinese Communist "experts and technicians" will be sent to Nepal to help implement the aid program, and Nepalese will receive technical training in China, Peiping, which for at least a year has been seeking permission to open an embassy in Katmandu, now has Prime Minister Koiraia's agreement, The Nepalese will establish an embassy in Peiping. Katmandu probably gave its approval for a resident em- bassy and the entry of Chinese construction technicians in return for the increased financial aid. Nepalese officials have been wary of any influx of bloc experts, however, and probably will limit the admission of Chinese technicians to the minimum necessary to carry out the projects involved. The Chinese Communists also signed an agreement on 21 March accepting Nepal's request that the "traditional" boundary be used as a basis for final border demarcation. A joint boun- dary commission will set out boundary markers and work out exact border alignment in those areas where boundary lines shown on Chinese and Nepalese maps do not coincide. In those areas, "actual jurisdiction" over the ground will determine which side gets the territory or, if there is disagreement as to who currently has jurisdiction, the matter will be settled on "the principles of mutual benefit and friendship." These clauses leave Peiping room to prolong final demarcation, yet acknowledge the Chinese position that jurisdiction is a significant factor in de- termining ownership. The Chinese have repeatedly advanced this contention to the Indians, and when Chou visits Nehru for border talks in April he undoubtedly will cite the border commission and jurisdiction aspects of the agreement with Nepal as a suitable precedent for future agreement with India. Koirala's main objective had been to secure Peiping's recog- nition of the customary boundary following the Himayalan watershed in order to forestall any border incidents and possible entanglement in the Sino-Indian dispute. He probably feels that the border and aid agreements consolidate Nepal's neutral position and balance its relations with the major powers in such a way as to gain max- imum benefit from each. 25 Mar 60 CAPP-ro�ved fOrTjl.e.a.s;:dfcCioSii 3 b02992200 Page 3 Approved for Release: 1.020/03/13 CO2992200 TC3EVRET view *mpg North Vietnamese Supervision of Pathet Lao 1.1anoi's agents committee in Laos has been reactivated since at least 1 January 1960. This body supervised the opera- tions of the Pathet Lao before the latter agreed to integrate its forces with the Royal Government in late 1957, following which the majority of the Vietnamese cadre withdrew from Laos. Hanoi may be trying to exert greater direct control over the Pathet Lao as a substitute for the guidance formerly, given by Prince Souphannouvong and other Neo Lao Hak Sat (NLHS) leaders who are now in iail. the forthcoming Laotian elec- tion and with NLHS party organization and activities. )rovided guidance on the political line to be taken in connection with the Laotian government crisis. exhorted "all units" to "create new bases" to counter "Laotian Army se- curity sweeps" and to "direct the people in the struggle in order to compel Phoui to give effect to the agreement signed." Phoui was premier at the time. The agreements referred to are presumably the 1954 Geneva agreements and the 1957 Pathet Lao - Royal Laotian Government integration agreement. a number of "cadres who will be responsible for training the troops during the coming year." TOP RET 25 Mar 60 r-=kinv AI IkITPI I irtmirc RIII I FTIkl Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 Page 4 Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 1 I IL ASIA-AFRICA Internal Disturbances Increase Tension in Iraq The tense situation in Iraq appears to have grown out of the Communist-inspired strikes and threats of a general strike last week, as well as arrests of strike leaders by the Qasim regime. Scattered clashes between Communists and anti-Communists occurred subsequently throughout the coun- try. Security forces have cracked down heavily on disturb- ances in Baghdad and Basra. In clashes in Baghdad in which several participants were killed, troops are reported to have fired on demonstrators for the first time since the 1958 revolution. A violent clash in Basra on 19 March resulted in 15 injured and up to 75 ar- rests, according to the American Consulate there. The con- sulate reports that the Basra port union has threatened to strike if its leaders are not released. Incidents have occurred in southern Iraq and in the north along the Turkish border, but rumors of troubles in Mosul have not been substantiated As a result of pressures by anti-Communist regime ele- ments, the Communists may fear they will soon face out- right suppression. 25 Mar 60 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE RIKIFTIN Page 5 Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 CONF. "i"IAL Indonesia Threatens Further Obstruction of Overseas Chinese Repatriation In an apparent revival of bitter Sino-Indonesian exchanges, a Djakarta daily�Suluh Indonesia, which frequently reflects government policy--on 24 March vehetnently attacked Radio Peiping for alleging that Djakarta obstructs the repatriation of Overseas Chinese and that Indonesian Foreign Minister Subandrio does not keep his promises. The paper charged that Peiping radio propaganda was "an open insult," "a big lie," and was "aimed at undermining Indonesia's prestige a- broad." The daily concluded that "such base propaganda" may cause "unnecessary delays and obstructions that could have been avoided." Peiping's news agency has noted the "seemingly official tone" of the Suluh Indonesia editorial. The Indonesian Gov- ernment apparently, is using this means to answer the letter of 15 March to Subandrio from the Chinese foreign minister accusing the Indonesians of persecuting Overseas Chinese and demanding a speedy agreement on repatriation. Radio Peiping, which carried the letter and which has continued to conduct a querulous campaign on Indonesia's "uncoopera- tive" attitude, also broadcast a People's Daily editorial of 18 March which charged that the "wanton persecution" of Chinese in Indonesia had reached "ferocious proportions." Paralleling Suluh Indonesia's blast, however, the army commander in Centrallava�where most of the action to re- settle Chinese is now taking place--ordered provincial offi- cials to implement orders pertaining to the Chinese "expedi- tiously and in an orderly way." He appealed to the Chinese not to exaggerate their problems, as any excesses could create tension between Indonesia and friendly countries. 25 Mar 60 CENTRAI IKITFI I IMPKIFF RI III FTIKI Page 6 Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 CONFI I IAL THAILAND ."- -..'... .\-1r.. .. �. 1 ) .. Pursat KAS RONC-a, 1.de la Bale� !. du MIMI I. a r Eau oSiem Reap 7-� _ Battamoang \CAMIODI . TOVI.A Thom Kompong Chhnang ) Irerig A 0Kratle p:Kompong Chars Prey � PHNOM .PENH Veng Takeo0 Svay Rieng 16 � s Dalat VIETNAM iSAIGON .,Rau Doc O Kampo.t....., 1 4 My Tho IfrHa Tien L�6..p.Saint..Jacoues '\\I-i-a/-ciiao CAN TH'Da 7 6tr;-.1./inh 1:du Pic ' so- [rang� lies ds,Pirates Bac Lieu� 1,c1` GULF -OF" - 5/AM c,7,7 � (Phan Thiet MILES 100 i 1 Kontum 4 .�Pleiku 1958, "INVASION': AREA tui Nhon . ) , IQ,-",,, ck,Song Cau . s � 4, 1 \-'"--,-)c,,,. S 0 U T H--- \�Ban Me , Thuot Nha Trang , ,...,, ) 1, 'hen Ra�111 _SOUTH CHINA SEA , 00324 2 PflM1JPrMT1Ar Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 LL�erni-111, viipr Cambodian - South Vietnamese Relations Strained by Territorial Claims The recent trend toward improved relations between Cambodia and South Vietnam threatens to be reversed by Saigon's renewed claim to several small offshore islands in the Gulf of Siam presently under Cambodian control. Phnom Penh, has reacted strongly to a note of 9 March demanding that Cambodia renounce its rights of sovereignty over lie de la Baie, Ile du Milieu, Ile a l'Eau, Ile du Pic, and the Iles des Pirates, all lying in an arc between the Cambodian - South Vietnamese shoreline and the large island of Phu Quoc, which is under Vietnamese control. Disputes between the two coun- tries over ownership of these islands, which were arbitrarily attached to Cambodia for administrative purposes under French colonial rule in 1939, have flared intermittently in recent years. Cambodian Foreign Minister Son Sann, denying South Vietnam's right even to Phu Quoc, has stigmatized Saigon's note as "revealing the annexationist aims of Vietnam"; Prime Minister Sihanouk has called it another example of the "good will" illustrated in Thai occupation of a disputed border monas- tery and the Vietnamese "invasion" of Stung Treng Province in 1958. Cambodia has maintained small garrisons on these islands since 1958, and Sihanouk has announcd Cambodia will fight if necessary to retain them. In a recent speech he clearly im- plied he would turn to Peiping for assistance if hard pressed. French diplomats close to Sihanouk are impressed by his "calm but determined" attitude and fear that South Vietnam's action will lead him to make some further move toward the Communist bloc. The furor over the Vietnamese note, allegedly intended only to reiterate Vietnamese claims "for the record" before the Law of the Sea Conference in Geneva, may prevent or make useless the impending visit to Phnom Penh by a South Viet- namese ministerial delegation headed by Vice President Tho for the purpose of ironing out long-standing problems be- tween the two countries. CONFI 25 Mar 60 ...���� A � ���������!1 1."1-h..10-fleI lit 07116.1 Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 Page 7 Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 III. THE WEST Cuba to Buy Military Aircraft From UAR Cuba has evidently decided to purchase from the UAR at least some of the military planes Castro so insistently seeks. Captain Victor Pina Cardoso would arrive in Cairo before the end of March with author- ization to buy "the planes: Pina Cardoso, who makes frequent arms-purchasing trips for Castro, will also dis- cuss pilot training for 30 to 50 Cubans whom Nasir's govern- ment has said it would accept in September. Cairo had available for sale to Cuba some 23 obsolescent British-made jet fighters, numerous trainers, and ammu- nition for all the planes. issue an invitation from the commander of the UAR Air Force to a responsible Cuban official to visit Cairo for discussion of the sale. the Cuban Embassy in Cairo will not be notified of the mission and Pina will directly contact the UAR Air Force commander. This confirms other Indications that Che Guevara, who evidently directs Castro's very substantial arms-purchasing program, does not want too many other Cuban officials to discover the extent of the pur- chases. The aircraft are not mentioned in a long-term commercial agreement discussed with Castro offi- cials by UAR Deputy Foreign Minister Sabri during his visit to Cuba from 9 to 16 March. Thus they may have to be paid for in foreign exchange funds, of which the Castro government is still critically short despite its success in selling the year's sugar crop. 25 Mar 60 CFNTRAI INTFI I IMPKIrF RI III FTIKI Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 Page 8 Approved for Release: 2020/037-13 CO2992200 Difficulties in Anglo-German Relations Differences between Britain and the Common Market (EECJ countries over European economic cooperation may provide anew irritant to Anglo-German relations. Chancel- lor Adenauer's endorsement on 15 March of accelerating the completion of EEC integration has dimmed British hopes for greater coordination between the British-backed European Free Trade Association, or Outer Seven, and the EEC.] khere had been doubt whether Bonn would approve the EEC Commission's recommendations of 3 March for lower- ing members' internal and external tariffs more rapidly and for taking the first step toward the common external tariff on 1 July 1960, rather than on 1 January 1962 as scheduled. The latter move would raise duties in the Benelux countries and perhaps in West Germany--areas which account for two thirds of Britain's EEC trade. Under the acceleration pro- posals, Bonn would also have to restore the 25-percent re- duction of customs duties it made in 1957. The British had hoped that before these moves took place, the impact of the discrimination could be reduced by arrangements between the two groupings, and they had pinned their hopes on Eco- nomics Minister Erhard and other influential 'West Germans who oppose the acceleration. Adenauer's endorsement is blamed partly on the United State0, An lo-German relations could be further harmed if the British Government sponsors access by members of Parlia- ment to the American-operated Berlin Document Center's records on Nazi party and affiliated organizations. Although the British Foreign Office is aware of the dangers of indis- criminate use of material on former Nazis now prominent In the Federal Republic, one official believes that Foreign Secretary Lloyd's inclination to avoid parliamentary attacks for "shielding Nazis" might cause him to give in) CONFi IAL 25 Mar 60 CrApi-Tr-OVed fOr Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 Page 9 x Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 Nue '1011" THE PRESIDENT The Vice President Executive Offices of the White House Special Assistant for National Security Affairs Scientific Adviser to the President Director of the Budget Director, Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization Director, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Special Assistant for Security Operations Coordination Chairman, Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities Special Assistant for Foreign Economic Policy Executive Secretary, National Security Council The Treasury Department The Secretary of the Treasury The Department of State The Secretary of State The Under Secretary of State The Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Administration The Counselor Director, International Cooperation Administration The Director of Intelligence and Research The Department of Defense The Secretary of Defense The Deputy Secretary of Defense Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs The Secretary of the Army The Secretary of the Navy The Secretary of the Air Force The Chairman, The Joint Chiefs of Staff The Director, The Joint Staff Chief of Staff, United States Army Chief of Naval Operations, United States Navy Chief of Staff, United States Air Force Commandant, United States Marine Corps Assistant to Secretary of Defense for Special Operations Director for Intelligence, The Joint Staff Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Department of Army Director of Naval Intelligence, Department of Navy Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Department of the Air Force Supreme Allied Commander, Europe Commander in Chief, Pacific The Department of Commerce The Secretary of Commerce Federal Bureau of Investigation The Director Atomic Energy Commission The Chairman National Security Agency The Director National Indications Center The Director Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200 re,m.e� .r.or.r.f.emZ/Z_Z/Z4FZ,,,,I.1..e.///////////dr/ZZ/ZZArZZIffriorf Approved for Release: 202-6/03/13 CO2992200 � Nur TO ET /jrZ r/Z/jr ZW/WWWA Approved for Release: 2020/03/13 CO2992200WrZWZMWM /4,