ELECTRONIC FACILITIES AT HEXAGON-TYPE SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILE SITES IN THE SOVIET BLOC PIC/JR-1/60 JANUARY 1960

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• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
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• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 7, 2003
• Sequence Number: 34
• Publication Date: January 1, 1960
• Content Type: REPORT

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ELECTRONIC FACILITIES AT
HEXAGON-TYPE SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILE SITES
IN THE SOVIET BLOC
PIC/JR-1/60
JANUARY 1960
Declass Review by
NIMAIDOD
NAVY
No. Pages 5
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Coordinated, Published, and Disseminated by
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Photographic Intelligence Center
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within the meaning of the espionage laws,
Title 18, USC, Secs. 793 and 794, the trans-
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ELECTRONIC FACILITIES AT
HEXAGON-TYPE SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILE SITES
IN THE SOVIET BLOC
PIC/JR-1/60
JANUARY 1960
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This joint photographic intelligence report has been prepared by the Navy and
Central Intelligence Agency. It provides an analysis of the electronic facilities
associated with hexagon-type surface-to-air missile (SAM) sites in the Soviet Bloc
in response to Guided Missile and Astronautics Intelligence Committee (GMAIC)
Requirement and CIA Requirement SI/R-31/59.
This report consists of a detailed photographic analysis of the electronic facil-
ities at two hexagon-type SAM sites in the USSRI --I All
measurements of the guidance radar at the site were made on the
Nistri stereo-comparator and are considered to have a range of error of plus or
minus 5 percent. Scale of the II photography was determined from the
dimensions of the ZIS-151 vans found at the site. Dimensions of the ZIS-151 were
taken from a Russian export brochure 1/.
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- TABLE OF CONTENTS -
SUMMARY .............................................................
INTRODUCTION .........................................................
ELECTRONIC FACILITIES AT THE ...............................
MISSILE GUIDANCE AREA ..............................................
ACQUISITION RADAR AND IFF SYSTEM ...................................
page
7
7
8
8
9
COMMUNICATIONS AND/OR POWER LINES ................................... 11
ELECTRONIC FACILITIES AT THE SAM SITE SOUTH-SOUTHWEST OF MAGNITOGORSK ....... 12
MISSILE GUIDANCE AREA ............................................... 12
ACQUISITION RADAR .................................................. 13
COMMUNICATIONS AND/OR POWER LINES ................................... 13
ELECTRONIC FACILITIES AT THE SAM SITE SOUTH OF KIEV ......................... 1.4
MISSILE GUIDANCE AREA ............................................... 14
ACQUISITION RADAR .................................................. 15
COMMUNICATIONS AND/OR POWER LINES ................................... 15
REFERENCES .......................................................... 15
TABLE OF GRAPHICS
page
FIGURE 1. GENERAL ORIENTATION MAP..... ................................ 6
FIGURE 2. LOCATION MAP OF 8
FIGURE 3. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF ............................ 9
FIGURE 4. LINE DRAWING OF ................................ 9
FIGURE 5. LINE DRAWING AND PERSPECTIVE DRAWING OF
MISSILE GUIDANCE RADAR, FRUIT SET .............................. 10
FIGURE 6. LINE DRAWING OF ACQUISITION RADAR, SPOON REST .................... 10
FIGURE 7. LINE DRAWING OF IFF ARRAY, SCORE BOARD ......................... 10
FIGURE 8. PERSPECTIVE DRAWING OF MERCURY GRASS, YAGI ANTENNA ............. 10
FIGURE 9. PERSPECTIVE DRAWING OF I_I ......................... 11
FIGURE 10. LOCATION MAP OF MAGNITOGORSK SAM SITE ......................... 12
FIGURE 11. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF MAGNITOGORSK SAM SITE..................... 12
FIGURE 12. LINE DRAWING OF MAGNITOGORSK SAM SITE ......................... 13
FIGURE 13. PERSPECTIVE DRAWING OF MAGNITOGORSK SAM SITE
MISSILE GUIDANCE AREA ........................................ 13
FIGURE 14. LOCATION MAP OF KIEV SAM SITE .................................. 14
FIGURE 15. LINE DRAWING OF KIEV SAM SITE ...... . ..... ..... .. 14
FIGURE 16. PERSPECTIVE DRAWING OF KIEV SAM SITE
MISSILE GUIDANCE AREA ........................................ 14
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The electronic facilities identified at
the hexagon-type SAM sites covered in
this report (Magnitogorsk and Kiev, USSR,
consist of a
track-while-scan missile-guidance radar,
FRUIT SET; an acquisition radar, SPOON
REST; a probable IFF radar, SCORE
BOARD; and local communication facil-
ities. The missile guidance equipment is
contained in vans. The positioning of these
vans, in the center of the sites, has been
generally the same at all hexagon-type
SAM sites identified from aerial photo-
graphy. Complete electronic facilities
have been observed at three hexagon-type
SAM sites located at Magnitogorsk and
Elements of the missile-guidance radar
system have been identified at four addi-
tional sites, two near Nizhnaya Tura,
USSR, one near Odessa, USSR, and one
The missile guidance system employed
at the hexagon-type SAM sites is believed
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A total of 26 hexagon-type SAM sites
have been identified from 1959 aerial and
ground photography of the Soviet Bloc`
Twenty-four of these sites are located in
the USSR
0 In the USSR there are 19 sites
located in the Ural Mountains area 4/,
two sites near Moscow 5/, one site near
Rostov 6/, one near Kiev 7/, and one near
A study of the photography reveals
that only 7 of the 26 hexagon-type SAM
*Analysis for this report was completed prior to
mission which an
addition hexagon-type .s~ snhave been
identified, but which are not included herein.
sites have complete or nearly complete
electronic facilities. Similar electronic
equipment is located on Moscow/Fili Air-
field although no SAM site is located in
the vicinity. The other 19 SAM sites are
in varying stages of construction and no
electronic facilities can be identified.
The 7 sites having complete electronic
facilities
3 located in the Urals, one near Kiev, and
one near Odessa. Since the 3 sites in the
Urals and the site near Odessa contain the
same similarly-positioned electronic
equipment, only one of these sites, located
south of Magnitogrosk, is described in
this report.
because of its unique guidance area en-
closed in a large keyhole-shaped revet-
ment. Locations of the 3 sites described
in this report are shown on the general
orientation map, Figure 1.
The layout of the missile-guidance
equipment found in the center of the opera-
to be similar in function to the B-20025X1
(YO-YO) system used at the herringbone-
type SAM sites ringing Moscow 2/, 3/.
No radar calibration devices, such as the
bore sights associated with herringbone
SAM sites, have been identified at the 25X1
hexagon-type SAM sites.
tions area is generally the same at all 25X1
hexagon-type SAM sites. Minor differences
exist in construction of the revetments
which house the guidance vehicles. The
majority of sites have both single- and
double-vehicle revetments while a few
sites have only a single, large circular 25X1
revetment or two large revetments. A 25x1
complete missile-guidance system gen-
erally consists of a missile guidance radar,
acquisition radar, probable IFF radar,
communication facilities, eight vans, and
four trailers.
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MAGNITOGORSK 5nm
Two hexagon-type SAM sites are
located near Magnitogorsk, USSR. The
site discussed in this report is located
10 nautical miles south-southwest of Ma-
gnitogorsk at 53?15'N/58?58'E (Figure 10).
This fenced site, which is in the later
stages of construction, is situated on
relatively flat terrain (Figure 11). In addi-
tion to the electronic facilities the site
consists primarily of six drive-through
launch revetments with missile launchers
emplaced in five of the six revetments,
three missile-hold revetments, a vehicle
parking area, and a support area. A com-
plex network of gravel-surfaced roads
serves the site. There has been no attempt
to camouflage this site.
The electronic facilities observed at
the Magnitogorsk site consist of amissile
guidance radar, with ten support vehicles;
a possible acquisition radar; and probable
local communication facilities. All of the
electronic equipment and missile laun-
chers are probably connected by a cable
net.
PIC/JR-1/b0
0
e
0
ELECTRONIC FACILITIES
AT THE SAM SITE
SOUTH-SOUTHWEST
OF MAGNITOGORSK
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1424
1554
FIGURE 10. LOCATION MAP OF MAGNITOGORSK SAM SITE
PERVYY POND
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URAL
MOSKOVSKIY
AGAPOVKA
NAUTICAL MILES
-12-
FIGURE 11. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF MAGNITOGORSK SAM SITE. This site, which is in the later stages of construction, is
situated on relatively flat open terrain 10 nm south-southwest of Magnitogorsk.
Missile-Guidance Area
The missile-guidance area is located
near the center of the site (Figure 12,
Item 1). The area contains a track-while-
scan missile-guidance radar, probably
FRUIT SET, and ten associated support
vehicles positioned in seven revetments.
The guidance radar is located on a small
mound at the end of the gravelled service
road which enters the site (Figure 13).
In the seven revetments which are
located below the level of the guidance
radar, are seven possible ZIS-151 vans
and three trailers. The vans probably
house the transmitter, receiver and com-
puter equipment for the guidance radar
and the three trailers probably provide
the power for the missile-guidance sys-
tem. Three of the seven revetments are
double-bayed, each approximately 30 feet
wide and containing one van and one
trailer. Four of the revetments are single-
bayed, each approximately
and containing one van.
No radar calibration device has been
identified at or near the site.
Due to the poor resolution of the
photography no heavy cables can be iden-
tified as connecting the guidance radar
Tops
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-X- WIRE FENCE
gym.... REVETMENT
LAUNCHER
ELECTRONICS VEHICLE
-- - - CABLE LINE
NOT DRAWN TO SCALE
with the vans and trailers, however, there
are two lines of cables which extend north-
west and southeast respectively from the
guidance area. At a distance of approx-
imately 135 feet from the guidance radar,
each line separates into three lines of
cables (Figure 12, Item 2) one of which
extends to each of the six drive-through
launch revetments. Each line probably
contains a power cable from the generator
trailers and a control cable from th
operations vans. All cables appear to be
underground.
ACQUISITION RADAR
A possible location for the acquisition
radar (Figure 12, Item 3) is in the north-
east portion of the site approximately 700
feet from the guidance radar. Two prob-
able trailers connected by a cable are
located in this area. No antenna and no
cable line to the guidance area can be
identified due to the poor resolution of
the photography.
COMMUNICATIONS AND/OR
POWER LINES
A probable communication facility
(Figure 12, Item 4) is located in the east-
ernmost corner of the site approximately
940 feet from the guidance radar. Two
small buildings and one possible van are
located in this area. No antennas can be
FIGURE 13. PERSPECTIVE DRAWING OF MAGNIT000RSK SAM SITE MISSILE-GUIDANCE AREA. This urea conreins o mock-whlle-
ssils-guidance odor, probably FRUIT SET, and ten essoclafed supper .ehicles positioned In xe?en rwermts, TM quldwce
rode, /x located ono small mound of the end of o grovelled service road. Cables r.dtare hem the potdence orw ro six d lve-through
launch reretments,
identified. A cable line (Figure 12, Item 5) An overhead wire line leads away
extends from the guidance area and prob- from the probable communication facility
ably terminates at this probable commu- in a northeasterly direction (Figure 12,
nication facility. Item 6).
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ELECTRONIC FACILITIES
AT THE SAM SITE
SOUTH OF KIEV
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A hexagon-type SAM site has been
identified on late Q small-format
photography near Kiev, USSR. The site
is located approximately 8.5 nautical miles
south of Kiev in the vicinity of 50?18'N/
30?34' E (Figure 14). The site is fenced and
situated in flat wooded terrain near the
west edge of the Dnepr River flood plain
In addition to the electronic facilities,
this site consists primarily of six drive-
guidance radar, FRUIT SET, with ten
support vehicles; a probable acquisition
radar, possibly SPOON REST, with one
support vehicle; and a probable communi-
cation facility, with three vehicles and a
probable stick mast.
The missile-guidance area is located
near the center of the operations area
through revetments with a missile launcher
emplaced in each revetment, three drive-
through missile hold revetments, and sup-
port facilities. A complex network of
gravel-surfaced roads serves the site.
Camouflage netting supported by poles
covers the six launch emplacements.
The electronic facilities observed at
the Kiev SAM site consist of a missile-
(Figure 15, Item 1). The guidance area
contains a track-while-scan missile-gui-
dance radar, FRUIT SET, and ten asso-
ciated support vehicles. The unique feature
of this area is the large keyhole-shaped
revetment which surrounds the guidance
area.
The FRUIT SET guidance radar is
located in the center of the circular por-
~A--- WIRE PENCE
REVETMENT
LAUNCHER
ELECTRONICS VEHICLE
CABLE LINE
---- POSSIBLE CABLE LINES
NOT DRAWN TO SCALE
FIGURE 76. PERSPECTIVE DRAWING OF KIEV SAM SITE MISSILE-GUIDANCE AREA. Th, g,Idene. .ne mM,in. a neck-whll-
mi..lleyold,ne. md.,, FRUIT SET, end ten es..Net.d epp?t r.hlcl..,. Th. 1.g. k yh,I...hep.d nwtm.nt which -d.
the gold,,,. en., I. the enige. /wren o7 thi. one. Cabl.. ..Nnd betty.., the gold,,.. .,der and th, fen .appee .dl.I-. ,,d mbl..
,edge. Gem tM gold,,,,. men M .e.h et th..I. drive-thnwh Iaon.h ..vnmentm
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tion of the revetment (Figure 16). The
guidance radar consists of a small cab
atop which are mounted horizontal and
vertical trough-type antennas
The entire
unit is mounted on a low, wheeled carriage.
.1
tion of the photography. In the same cir-
cular revetment are two groups of five
support vehicles, each positioned near
the radar.
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No radar calibration device has been
identified on the photography.
Six lines of cables radiate from the
guidance area one to each of the six
drive-through launch revetments. These
cables appear to be laid above ground.
The number of cables which extends be-
tween the radar and the 10 vehicles cannot
be determined.
ACQUISITION RADAR
The probable acquisition radar, pos-
sibly SPOON REST, is located northwest
of the guidance area and outside of the
fenced operations area(Figure J 5, Item 2).
This facility consists of two vans, one of
which is probably the generator van while
the other is probably the radar van. A
probable cable extends between the two
vans. Another probable cable extends
between the probable radar van and the
guidance area (Figure 15, Item 3).
REFERENCES
COLLATERAL SOURCES:
CIA. PIC/JR-21/59, Surface-to-Air Missile Sites in the Ural Mountains Area USSR
August 1959. (TS
1. TECHNOPROM IMPORT Trade Brochure "ZIS-151 andGAZ-51", Moscow, no date. (U)
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5. Army, Moscow
27 August 1959.
PIC/JR-1/60
COMMUNICATIONS
AND/OR POWER LINES
The probable communication facility
is located in the northwest portion of the
site (Figure 15, Item 4). This facility
consists of three vehicles and a probable
stick mast within a cleared circular area.
The antenna on top of the mast is possibly
MERCURY GRASS, but the poor resolution
precludes identification.
No overhead wire lines are Visible
in the area.
(S)
6. CIA Report, 6 August 1959. (S)
7. CIA Report, 1 September 1959. (S)
8. Air, Moscow.
10.
11.
MAP DATA:
ATMP 0164-9997-100A (S)
ATMP 0233-9999-100A (S)
AMS Series M841, Sheet No. 3744, 3745 (U)
-15-
~1-15 October 1959. (S)
Army, PLC (Fort Holabird). SPIR 186, Soviet Army Equipment Vicinity Glau S.S.
Lager, 14 July 1959, pp. 1-6. (S
USAFE. Daily Intelsum No. - 28 August 1959. (Sj
Air, Moscow. I1 20 October 1959. (S )
12. Air, Moscow.
13. ARMY, Moscov~
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27 July 1959. (S)
9 June 1959. (S)
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