DIRECTIVE ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENTS, CURRENT AFFAIRS COMMITTEE, COSVN.
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Collection:
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST):
CIA-RDP03-00975R000100020003-4
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K
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Document Creation Date:
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Document Release Date:
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Publication Date:
June 12, 1971
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arsMs+ Directive on the Establishment ? S MM W aVuU
12 June 1971
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(C-Sep.71) This report contains-infors+ation obtained from an enemy document
and concerns Directive 13/CT , undated;-which-was-prepared?by an unspecified
agency ((poss y B re urren Affairs Committee, COSVN)). The document pre-
cribts measures to-be emphasised -in- establishing- a revolutionary government
at all "echelons;-missions,-guidelines,- and- requirements for the establighment
.of the revolutionary government;-and-the-organization-and-working procedures
of People's Liberation-Committees-at-all,levels.
THIS DOCUMENT, LESS CAPTURE DATA ; ALL REFERENCES TO THE COMBINED
DOCUMENT EXP: nlT' TtO:V CRNTER (CDRC) T'1 I\'C' CM: PFRSONNEL, COMMENTS, AND
LOG NUMBERS, US RFar4tK', I`'(~ICAT%^ dl pm i L( '.~ N.:. T/1- SEI,, 1. E. (( I); AND
DECIPHERi\(. 4w L7D'? fi.VER r+ct6Nlf'7/#\S, A\I' r\E',.'' UNITS, W S
DECLASSIFI:.U o' // T!/ B' . j(1 R. US
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- - - - - - - - - - - FULL TRANSLATION - - - - - - - - - - - -
M age 1 of O.T.) )
DIRECTIVE 13/CT
To cope with the changing situation, emphasis should be placed on
establishing our revolutionary government at all echelons.
I. MEASURES TO BE EMPHASIZED IN ESTABLISHING THE REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT
AT ALL ECHELONS:
Wl --Go
1. Since 44W, the people, under the leadership of the ((L.ao Dpng))
Party, have struggled constantly to break the oppressive enemy control
in hamlets and villages and have strived tr maintain ownership'of rieefied.ds for
farmers. Many revolutionary infastructure installations were established
such as people's associations and agencies in charge of social activities,
security, finance and economy, culture and education, public health,
etc... ((sic)). Autonomous committees, Farmers' Association Chapters,
and people's revolutionary committees were activated in many villages
to strengthen the Revolution, suppress or punish counter revolutionaries,
enemy spies and henchmen, fortify rural areas, and improve the people's
living conditions. In reality, the people in these villages have
regained control and are mastering their own destiny.
Early this year, to deal with the changing situation, the Party
officially directed the establishment of the revolutionary government
in our ((VC/NVA)) controlled hamlets and villages in preparation for
the establishment of district and province level revolutionary government
agencies.
In executing this directive, revolutionary government agencies
have in fact been set up in many hamlets and villages. In some areas,
democratic elections were conducted, creating a political enthusiasm
among the people. Combat and ((farm)) production activities have
increased and Party Chapters have been strengthened.
However, the majority of hamlets and villages in liberated ((VC
controlled)) areas continue to lack the initiative necessary to the
revolutionary government. They have favorable conditions, but do not
organize elections. They only appointed village or hamlet government
atti.crities introduced to t'.;-- rr-cple by the Party Chapters. In addition,
these appointed revolutionary governments operate lackadaisically and pay
no attention to suppressing or punishing counter revolutionary people.
Some large liberated areas in districts and provinces have made no efforts
to establish revolutionary government agencies. This situation is due
to the following serious shortcomings in leadership:
a. Our cadre understand neither the basic policy of the Revolution
nor the importance of the establishment of the revolutionary government
to violently overthrow the enemy ((RVN)) government and seize power for
the people in local areas. They further fail to understand that during
this General Offensive and Uprising, everyone should devote all his
efforts and that the people must be mobilized to-overthrow the enemy
government.
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b. They do not increase their efforts to suppress counter.
revolutionaries. They display poor methods for protecting and
strengthening our controlled areas. They do not observe the people's
democratic rights and privileges. Neither do they realize that the
people's aspiration is the immediate establishment of the revolutionary
government*
c. In conjunction with attacks against the enemy, we should
strengthen our forces. The mission of strengthening our forces will be
instrumental in the establishment of the revolutionary government. However,
we are not interested in assigning cadre to the revolutionary government.
2. At present, favorable conditions exist for us to establish revolu-
tionary government agencies at various levels:
a. We are currently in the General Offensive and Uprising.
Our basic mission is to over-throw the enemy government to seize power for
the people.
b. Resulting from the simultaneous phases of the General Offensive
and Uprising, our controlled areas have expanded, and our liberated areas
have been stabilized progressively. Therefore, consolidation of liberated
areas, protection and improvement of the people's living conditions, and
motivation of the people to support the front line have become more
significant requirements.
((Page 2 of O.T.))
c. The development of the Party installations, revolutionary
associations, and armed forces has progressed to a higher level.
d. Since the establishment of the revolutionary government at
hamlet and village levels is rather rapid, guidance and leadership from
higher echelons must be considered indispensable.
The establishment of revolutionary government agencies from
higher to lower levels constitutes an urgent mission in-our present struggle.
II. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT
1. Characteristics, missions, guidelines and requirements of the
establishment of the revolutionary government in the immediate future:
The government is an instrument to implement the dictatorship of
a social class.
Under the leadership of the Party, SVN has been going through a
revolutionary process. Our immediate missions are to overthrow the ((RVN))
Puppet Government, establish a coalition government and turn SVN into an
independent, democratic, peaceful, and neutral country. Afterwards, we
should devote our efforts to achieve socialism.
In view of our present strategic mission, the revolutionary
government in SVN has the characteristics of a people's democratic dictatorship.
It is democratic toward the people (including workers, farmers, bourgeois,
and entrepreneurs), but it is dictatorial towards reactionaries (such as
land owners and mercantile bourgeois who are henchmen of the US).
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The revolutionary government will ensure the implementation of its dictatorship
while simultaneously ensuring democracy for all revolutionary social classes
and patriots and motivating them to participate in struggles against US
imperialists and their henchmen. To achieve the above mission, the central
and city governments (Saigon, Hue, Da Nang, Can Thos My Tho, and Da Let)
have thus far rallied the people of all social classes.. However, (village,
district, and province levels) the key members of the revolutionary
government must be workers and farmers. This is to ensure that the
government it an instrument to implement the Party dictatorship and to
achieve peace, reunification, socialism, and complete victory.
To fully understand the characteristics of the dictatorship of
the revolutionary government in SVN, especially in this complex situation
and fierceness of battle, we must fulfill the following requirements:
as As an instrument of the Party, the revolutionary government
plays a key role in achieving democracy. Its immediate missions are to
crush the aggressive will of the US imperialists, overthrow the Puppet
Government, and be determined to eliminate counter revolutionaries. Thus,
none should display a rightist attitude or neglect to secure the dictator-
ship of the ((working)) class by considering that the policy of government
at higher echelon is to unite the people of all social classes.
b. The revolutionary government is the people's government elected
by the people to serve the people. It must secure the democratic rights
of the people, especially the workers.
In the immediate future, efforts should be focussed on organizing
revolutionary government elections at hamlet and village levels. We must
consider this a sincere aspiration and a political privilege for the people.
This will serve as a significant political motivation factor to gain the
people's support for the Revolution to advance it towards complete victory.
co To achieve the goals for the Revolution set forth by the Party,
the revolutionary government must play the role of a combat organization.
to lead the people to smash the aggressive will of the US imperialists,
overthrow the Puppet Government, and provide protection for the Revolution.
d. Revolutionary government agencies at all levels must implement
Party policy lines.- Thus, high-level revolutionary government agencies
should provide guidance for lower levels (village, district, and province
((Page 3 of O.T.))
levels). It is to be remembered that only when we have strong lower echelon
agencies can we effect our policy of uniting the people on a broad front
at the higher echelons.
2. Missions:
In executing Party political policy lines, the basic long-term
missions of the revolutionary government in SVN are to motivate the people
to engage in the Revolution against the enemy to gain democracy, peace,
reunification of the country, and achieve socialism and Communism.
To successfully liberate SVN, protect NVN, and achieve independence,
democracy, peace, and neutrality in SVN, we must.fulfill the following
requirements:
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a. Unite and indoctrinate the people anti neiguLen Vua+~ ?~- ----
awareness.- Ibtivate them to take part in revolutionary activities; crush therUS
.imperialists' aggressive will; overthrow the Puppet Government; suppress reactionaries;
msintatn security and order; and establish and consolidate the revolutionary government.
b.? Better the people's living conditions in all fields (political, economic,
cultural and social fields ...?((sic43-). Issue land to them and help them increase
farm production and protect their crops.- Practice democracy and develop economic,
cultural and social warfare., Keep the people from being poisoned by the,US depraved
and alien culture.? Take care of'WIA and dead heroes' families, etc....((sic)).
c. Motivate members of revolutionary associations and the people to
increase~((farm)) production and contribute manpower and property to the Revolution
by applying the slogan "all for the front line and victories."
d. Strengthen and develop the armed forces, and assist local organizations
such as labor unions and Women'ss Farmer's and Youth Associations, etc...'((sic)).
e. Successfully implement Party policies towards religions, ethnic minority
groups, and Puppet officers and enlisted men.
f., Provide guidance for patriotic emulation movements.
3. Guidelines and requirements:
Considering current revolutionary requirements and missions, guidelines and
requirements for the establishment of a revalutionary government are as follows:
The establishment of the revolutionary government must be proportionate to
subversion of the Puppet Government.
During the first stages, we should establish hamlet and village revolutionary
government agencies. Then, when conditions permit, we should strive to establish
agencies in districts, provinces, province capitals, and cities, and prepare for the
establishment of a central government.
III. ORGANIZATION AND WORKING PROCEDURES C PEOPLE'S LIBE RATICH COMMLTTEES AT ALL
LEVELS:
A. Organization of Hamlet and Village Revolutionary Government Agencies:
Establishment of revolutionary government in hamlets, villages, wards,
(plantation areas) cities under our control:
in hamlets, there must be hamlet liberation sections.
In villages, there must be village people's liberation committees. The
composition and missions of hamlet and village government agencies prescribed in
the directive issued in Jan 68, are amended as follows:
a.? Village revolutionary government agencies must be elected by the people.
b.? Village people's liberation councils must be elected in all liberated
areas and areas under our temporary control where Party Chapters, popular organi-
zations, and
guerrilla forces s will, in turn, designate hamlets people's liberat
liberation sections.
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((Page 4 of
))
C. In areas under mixed control, (where we have few installations and
our power is weak), if we cannot elect village people's liberation councils,
we should establish village civilian military councils (instead of as pres-
cribed in the previous directive).- Members of these councils are representa-
tives of popular associations, militia, guerrilla, security, information,
education, public health, and social service organizations and representatives
of hamlets (in accordance with the current situation in local areas). Hold
civilian-military congresses in villages to elect village provisional people's
liberation committees,
Upon establishment, government agencies in hamlets and villageewill
organize a public presentation if conditions permit.
2 ((sic)). in districts and provinces:
a. District people's liberation committees are to be
established in districts where at least 50 percent of the villages are libera-
ted or under mixed control, or in areas where the significant villages have
been liberated (where revolutionary installations are numerous, the population
dense, and resources abundant). In districts where the enemy has caused us
many difficulties, we should appoint district provisional people's liberation
committees,
b. Province people's liberation committees are to be
set up in provinces where 50 percent of the districts or the important districts
have established district people's liberation committees,
c. In the present situation, the district provides direct
leadership and guidance for villages. The province is the next higher echelon
which provides guidance for districts in leadership over villages.
Therefore, qualified members must be elected to
district and province revolutionary government agencies.
d. Under current circumstances, it is not expedient to
organize elections for province and district people's liberation councils; but
we should hold civilian-military congresses or open congresses of the
((Liberation)) Front or district and province political congresses. Participants
should include representatives of the Front, associations, and executive com-
mittees at equivalent level, notables and representatives of village people's
liberation committees (if the congress is conducted by the district) or repre-
sentatives of the district people's liberation committees (if the congress is
held by the province) to publicly appoint people's liberation committees for
districts and .provinces.
Afterwards, we should hold a public presentation
ceremony for these committees and disseminate circulars, proclamations, and
appeals, etc ... ((sic)) to motivate the people to strengthen solidarity,
increase farm production activities to support the front line, and uphold the
prestige of the revolutionary government.
Regions should gain experience from the establishment
of district and province revolutionary government agencies.
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3, In district seats province capitals, and cities:
At present, we should prepare plans and select qualified indivi-
com-
compeople's mittees liberation
is comcapital and pleted, these city
will a be announced
o
duals for When the liberation province
mittees.
and activated immediately.
B. Organization and Missions of People's,, Liberation Committees:
1. Organization:
a. Criteria for selecting members of district and province
people's liberation councils and committees:
Combatants (with achievements).
Serve the people wholeheartedly.
Esteemed by the people.
Those who do not meet the above enatsd~nto theshougovernmentld not be
selected. Avoid partiality and introducing lincanpet
Based upon the above three standards, we should carefully
select those who have outstanding combat achievements and display a hard
working attitude.
b. Composition:
Village people's liberation councils must represent the
people of all social classes, including religious and ethnic minority village
residents.
((Page 5 of O.T.))
Party members in a village council should not exceed two-
thirds of the total memhorship of the council. But in newly liberated areas
where Party members are not numerious, we should introduce additional Party
members ((to the council)) to strengthen Party leadership. We should also pay
faithful and
attention to electing,as
and those who considered
receptive to the Party y
to maintain a revolutionary nature in the council.
Do not hesitate to introduce women to agencies at various
echelons (council and committee) and assign important tasks (chairman,
vice-chairman, s Butraassthose who have ignment of mission displayed
manse of tasks, . 8
with training for improvement.
The people's liberation committees in villages, districts,
A chairman,
and provinces are generally composed of seven to nine members:
one or two vice-chairmen, a secretary, and one member in charge of security m (in places where persoi.nelare inadequate,
must each have Ceviceschairmanlwhoiis asmbers).
District and province committees distinguished intellectual.
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The majority of members of the people's liberation committee
at village, district, and province levels must come from the working, poor,
and middle farmer classes. In some provinces, it is necessary that the com-
mittee have some members who belong to the class of intellectuals receptive
to the Party and who can exert a political influence on the middle class.
In addition, attention should be paid to-women, youths, religious and ethnic
minority people (in areas where they are present).
A standing committee is composed of a chairman, ene or.two
vice-chairman, secretary, and a member in charge of security. This committee
provides guidance on behalf of the government between the two conferences held
by the people's liberation committee and must report achievements to the latter.
The standing committee of a village people's liberation
council (of three to five members) should be activated according to the direc-
tive disseminated in Jan 68.
Village people's liberation committees operate as standing
committees for village people's liberation councils.
2. Assignment of duty to members of people's liberation committees
villages, districts, and provinces:
a. Assignment of duty should be conducted as follows:
Five-member committee:
Chairman and vice-chairman assume responsibility fair financial
and military affairs.
Secretary is responsible for information activities.
One member is responsible for security activities.
One member is responsible for activities concerning wounded
and dead soldiers, social activities, and public health.
Seven-member committee:
Chairman and vice-chairman take charge of financial and
military activities.
One member in charge of security activities.
One member in charge of education and information.
One member in charge of financial affairs.
One member in charge of activities concerning wounded and
dead soldiers, social activities, and public health.
Nine-member committee:
Chairman takes charge of general activities.
One vice-chairman takes charge of military activities.
7
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Another vice-chairman takes charge of financial activities.
Secretary.
One member in charge of security activities.
One member in charge of production.
One member in charge of education.
One member in charge of culture and information.
One member in charge of activities concerning wounded and
dead soldiers, social activities, and public health.
b. To promote Party leadership for government tasks all Party
Committee echelons should assign the follvwfxpecifie miss,t~nes
((Page 6 of O.T.))
Deputy secretary as chairman.
If the chairman is a scholar, the deputy secretary will be
vice-chairman in charge of finance-economy and the standing committee. The
chairman will assume general affairs.
Those responsible for military, security, and finance-economy
((branches)) should be necessarily ((Party)) Committee members (concurrently
branch chiefs). The aeputy chiefs of the three above branches should be
selected from specialized members.
In villages where the Chapter Party Committees are not
available, or there are insufficient Chapter Party Committee members, hard-
core Party members should be made responsible for the Above three branches;
where there are insufficient Party Chapter members loyal outstanding sympa-
thizers can be used in these functions.
As for other specialized branches, we should assign experts
and specialists as branch chiefs to utilize their experiences in their positions.
It is not necessary that they be ((Party)) Committee members or members of the
((people's liberation)) committee*
c. Some working regulations:
1. Relations between liberation committee echelons:
a. People's liberation committees at all echelons and
the government steering committee for regions and SVN should follow the prin-
ciples of collective leadership and individual accountability. They should
draw up, activity place periodically and conduct regular meetings to maintain
control of the implementation of guidelines and policies, activities and working
procedures of the ((liberation)) committees and government steering committees.
Representatives of people's liberation committeesof higher echelons and lower
echelons should hold periodic conferencesto review the situation and disseminate
((Party)) policies and projects.
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b. Low-level people's liberation committees should
comply with all directives and guidelines of high-level people's liberation
committees.
The Party and Group within the government should
request intructions from Party Committee echelons when implementing directives
and guidelines on important problems.
c. While implementing directives and guidelines, low-
level people's liberation committees should report regularly to high-level
people's liberation committees.
People's liberation committees at high-levels should
regularly keep lower levels informed of the situation and activities of the
local movement (except details which must be kept secret).
2. Relations between people's liberation committees and
non-Party members of revolutionary groups and associations at all levels:
a. The government is an organization which protects
the people's interests. It relies on the people to comply with all Party
policies. Therefore, people's liberation committees at all levels should
maintain close relations with the people. Village authorities should report
their activities periodically to the people. Government cadre should consider
themselves soldiers fighting for a just cause. They should stay close to and
mingle with the people, serve them devoutedly, and note their aspirations.
Be determined to avoid bureaucracy, tyranny, or'an unfriendly attitude towards the
people, and should not alxow,themaelves"to be swayed by'th4,people.
b. Revolutionary groups and associations support the
government. Consequently, people's liberation committee members should strive to
fulfill their roles and assist these associations in their activities. People's
liberation committees should closely coordinate with all ((revolutionary))
groups and associations to indoctrinate the people, and motivate them to imple-
ment the directives and guidelines of the government. The government can also
act as a sounding board. for the people's aspirations and opinions through the
above groups and associations.
c. Representatives of lateral echelon ((revolutionary))
groups and associations should be invited to open conferences held by people's
liberation committees at all levels to review the situation and formulate
activity plans,
d. All groups and associations should focus their atten-
tion on protecting and heightening the prestige of the revolutionary government
and on indoctrinating group and association members to respect their government,
set examples in implementing government policies, and make constructive critiques
on government activities.
((Page 7 of O.T.))
3. Assessment-of relations between people's liberation
committees and all lateral branches at each level:
a. Specialized lateral branches are subordinate to people's
liberation committees. People's liberation committees at various echelons are
responsible for directing and stimulating all lateral specialized branches to
implement the directives of the committees and specialized agencies of higher
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echelons. They are also responsible for coordinating with the specialized
branches in fulfilling their tasks, In addition, they should send representa-
tives to attend meetings held by the specialized branches.
b. Specialized branches aretnderthe direct leadership
of the people's liberation committee of the same level, and under technical
guidance of the superior branches.
c. Regular or special reports on activities of the
specialized branches should be submitted to the committee. Military and
security agencies should also report on the general situation of the branches,
enemy schemes and activities, and the people's actions against the enemy. But
they should not report classified information on their forces, organization,
or matters under investigation, etc ... ((sic)).
d. Reports and requests for instructions should be
submitted ((by the specialized branches)) to the committee so that it can
provide guidance to them on implementing higher echelon directives correctly
in accordance with the local situation, If dissension between a low-level
committee and a high-level special branch occurs, the low-level committee
should request instructions from the high-level committee.
4. Relations between ((Party)) Committee echelons and the
Party and Group, and between the Party and Group and committees at each level:
a. Designed as an organization to ensure implementation
of Party policies in local areas, the ((Party)) Committee should use the Party
and Group as intermediaries to direct the government. The Party and Group
are responsible to the ((Party)) Committee for ensuring the implementation of
Party policies and resolutions. The Party and Group consist of a number of
Party members (two, three, or five) elected by lateral ((Party)) Committees
to positions in the government. The components of the Party and Group are a
secretary (at times a deputy secretary) and members.
b. The Party and Group must implement resolutions of
the ((Party)) Committee and the government, are responsible for disseminating
resolutions of the ((Party)) Committee, and must submit comments on the
leadership of the government to the ((Party)) Committee,
c. Regular and special reports on activities of the
committees and implementation of government policy should be submitted to the
((Party)) Committee by the Party and Group. The Party and Group should request
instructions from the ((Party)) Committee for major and new problems of political
or economic importance which involve the people and are significant to high-
level committee policy, but have not yet been set forth by the tat_t3! ((Party))
Committee echelon. A request for instructions should also be submitted when
confronted with problems not in accordance with the policy and resolutions of
the lateral ((Party)) Committee.
d. Be prepared and unanimous in drafting plans for meetings
and open conferences to be held by the committee.
c. The Party and Group should explain the policy and reso-
lutions of the '(Party)) Committee to all committee members and convince `hem
to be united in implementing the committee policy.
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In villages, the Party and Group in people's
councils and people's liberation committees will act as intermediaries
between the ((Party)) Committee and the Party and Group, and village
((people's liberation)) committees.. The Party and Group will bring the
resolutions of a village Party Chapter before the people's council for
discussion prior to ordering the people's liberation committee to
implement it. The Party and Group at village level should be attentive
to suggestions by the people and the people's council and study the
suggestions and submit them to the Party Committee. The Party Committee
will make a decision and discuss the implementation procedures.
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