NONAGGRESSION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP05C01629R000300610007-1
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 2
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 26, 2011
• Sequence Number: 7
• Content Type: MISC

Approved For Release 2011/09/26: CIA-RDP05CO1629R000300610007-1
NONAGGRESSION 815
leration
rul con-
iken by
)n as
t is not
der its
iltation
for by
Pres-
Addi-
-ticle 2
Fulfill-
3.
~d that
?oposal
rought
[8w],
Eighth
rent of
Jonven-
!port of
an Cons
.6, 124,
nd the
in May
ng at
armed
)lated
law."
'oreign
1942,
)y the
0. 137,
srican
larch,
rocal
rican
Conference on Problems of War and Peace, which met at Mexico City
1945
i
it
l
n
,
y
was resolved :
t .ear
"3. That every attack of a State against the integrity or the
inviolability of the territory, or against the sovereignty or politi-
cal independence of an American State, shall, conformably to
Part III hereof [having to do with consistency with the purposes
and principles of the "general international organization" when
organized], be considered as an act of aggression against the
other States which sign this Act. In any case invasion by armed
forces of one State into the territory of another trespassing
boundaries established by treaty and demarcated in accordance
therewith shall constitute an act of aggression."
Final Act of the Inter-American Conference on Problems of War and
Peace, Mexico City, February-March 1945 (Pan American Union, 1945)
40, 42.
The Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, signed at
1 io de Janeiro in 1947, was concluded "in order to assure peace,
i hrough adequate means, to provide for effective reciprocal assistance
to meet armed attacks against any American State, and in order to
deal with threats of aggression against any of them". By article 1
of the Treaty the parties "formally condemn war and undertake in
(heir international relations not to resort to the threat or use of
force in any manner inconsistent with the provisions of the Charter
of the United Nations or of this Treaty." By article 3 they agree
that "an armed attack by any State against an American State shall
be considered as an attack against all the American States and, con-
sequently, each one of the said Contracting Parties undertakes to
assist in meeting the attack in the exercise of the inherent right of
individual or collective self-defense recognized by Article 51 of the
Charter of the United Nations." By article 6 it is further agreed
that "If the inviolability or the integrity of the territory or the
sovereignty or political independence of any American State should
he affected by an aggression which is not an armed attack or by an
extra-continental or intra-continental conflict, or by any other fact
or situation that might endanger the peace of America, the Organ
of Consultation shall meet immediately in order to agree on the
measures which must be taken in case of aggression to assist the victim
of the aggression or, in any case, the measures which should be taken
for the common defense and for the maintenance of the peace and
security of the Continent."
U.S. TIAS 1838; 62 Stat. 1699-1701; 21 UNTS 93-105.
Article 9 of the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance of 1947
reads:
"In addition to other acts which the Organ of Consultation may
characterize as aggression, the following shall be considered as such :
Act of
Chapultepec,
1945
Rio Treaty,
1947
Approved For Release 2011/09/26: CIA-RDP05C01629R000300610007-1
 816
RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF STATES
"a. Unprovoked armed attack by a State against the territory, the
people, or the land, sea, or air forces of another State ;
"b. Invasion, by the armed forces of a State, of the territory of an
American State, through the trespassing of boundaries demarcated in
accordance with a treaty, judicial decision, or arbitral award, or, in
the absence of frontiers thus demarcated, invasion affecting a region
which is under the effective jurisdiction' of another State." 62 Stat.
1702; 21 UNTS 99.
At a meeting of the Council of the Organization of American
States, held July 6, 1960, the Council took cognizance of a note of
the Representative of Venezuela on the Council, whereby his Gov-
ernment requested "that immediately, and as a matter of urgency,
the Organ of Consultation be convoked, pursuant to Article 6 of the
Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, to consider the acts
of intervention and aggression by the Government of the Dominican
Republic against the Government of Venezuela, which culminated in
the attempt upon the life of the Venezuelan Chief of State [President
Betancourt]." The Council of the Organization of American States,
on July 8, 1960, convoked a meeting of the Organ of Consultation-
the Sixth Meeting of Consultation of Ministers of Foreign Affairs,
which met at San Jose, Costa Rica, from August 16 to 21, 1960-in
accordance with the provisions of the Inter-American Treaty of Re-
ciprocal Assistance. (Cited supra.) The Council of the Organiza-
tion also authorized the Chairman of the Council to appoint a com-
mittee to investigate the facts denounced by Venezuela and their
antecedents and to submit a report thereon.
The Sixth Meeting of Consultation of Ministers of Foreign Affairs
approved, on August 21, 1960, the following resolution :
"The Sixth Meeting of Consultation of Ministers of Foreign
Affairs Serving as Organ of Consultation in Application of the
Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance,
"HAVING BEEN the Report of the Investigating Committee ap-
pointed pursuant to the provisions of the third paragraph of the
resolution approved by the Council of the Organization of Amer-
ican States on July 8, 1960, and
"CONSIDERING :
"That the Charter of the Organization of American States sets
forth the principle that international order consists essentially of
respect for the personality, sovereignty and independence of
states, and the faithful fulfillment of obligations ddrived from
"That in connection with the incident denounced by the Gov-
-----
tee on November 25, 1959, that organ of the inter-American
system reached the conclusion that `the necessary arrangements
Approved For Release 2011/09/26: CIA-RDP05CO1629R000300610007-1
Approved For Release 2011/09/26: CIA-RDP05C01629R000300610007-1