PRESS CLIPPINGS AUGUST 1980

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP05T00644R000501410001-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 193
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 6, 2009
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: August 1, 1980
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

STAT
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r r. pt` -D
Oil Fr.G-E
WASHINGTON POST
28 August 1980
,
~y
A
olfidal3.?t
wlimitiagthe. proposed-'penalties:
to
pastand
-present governmthL
1the-only. one ,to!=vote, against-.;;
Bering; the.. l lL Volkiner was .:-
six Democrats oa-'a~ House:':Iu
4diciary:.subcommittee _iconsid.
(stated the. kmer position.ofrBep 'Har-
~oIdLI., Vo1hlo:} :pfhe
't House. bill to outlaw disclosure ;
iof the-names of CIA opeiatlves?
1working a b.r o a d ineorrectly-
1 - CF An article. yesterday 'abou ,'a
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0
ARTICLE APPEARED
ON PAGE-d4 Z
NEW YORK TIMES
27 AUGUST 1980
panel :Softens: Proposed Bill on
By CHARLES MOHR _s:
Identifying agents;
I Have to eci ewe e
`
e1
r accep or reject m
i a
crime for a Government official
the softening amendment. or'tormer official who had authorized ac
TheDemocratic Majority Leader of the cess to classified information to reveal
House, ' Representative Jim Wright of ( the identity of intelligence agents.
T
h
d
d
Sped-1 to The New York Time.
WASHINGTON, Aug.. 26 ? - Liberal
members of a House subcommittee that
is reviewing proposed intelligence legis-
lation today recommended the deletion of
its most controversial provisions, those
that make it a crime for private persons,
including journalists, -to Identify covert
intelligence agents or informers.
The "agents identities protection" bill
has already been approved by the House
Select Committee on Intelligence and, in,
slightly different form. by the Senate In
telligence ~onnmittee. Undei the bill,';
Identifying covert agents of United States
intelligence agencies or informants for
the ? Federal Bureau . of Investigation;
would be a criminal offense. n ...?i
The subcommittee on civil and consti-
tutional rights of the House Judiciary
Committee was able to review the bill on
"sequential.... reference" because ? . - it
created a new: criminal statute, a matter
that normally would fall under Judiciary
Committee jurisdiction.-
If the Judiciary Committee upholds the
subcommittee action. the full House will
exas,
a
urge
the subcommittee in
writing'not to amend the bill because it
might delay its being brought to the floor
of the House. He had hoped to be able to
suspend House rules -and achieve its
speedy passage-
Mr. Wright said in a letter to the sub.
committee chairman, Don Edwards,
Democrat of California, that . "the 96th
maybe justly accused of dere-
Congress
ction of it fails to complete action ci
bill."
next week. :Somecivirlibertariansaad journalists
There has been no serious controversy, have voiced the fear that the original bills,
over previsions of the; bills' that would- come are ~Y drawn that it might be
head of crime to reveal that a. foreign;
government had.acterl in concert
with the C.I.A. since 'he would be al
covert agent.". '
ys
use
simple
But Representative Edwards said that, methods to decipher terminological fi-
he agreed with civil: liberties organiza.; tions and false titles in unclassified bio-
tions that. the agent identities bill -was graphical registers. to deduce this infor-
..clearly unconstitutional," and he and mation.
[four of his-Democratic colleagues, Rob-I
ert W. Kastenmeie of Wisconsin, John F.: Representative Edwards ;'said after.
Seiberling of Ohio; Elizabeth Holtzman of wastoday's subcommittee meeting that it
Brooklyn and Robert F. Drinan of Massa- not certain that the stringent p -
chusetts, prevailed..::;: 1 alone of the intelligence committee bill
Harold L. Vollsmer.Democrat of Mis=' House could be blocked in a showdown on the 1
sour 1, voted against the changes but in j floor. There is a lot of momentum
favor of, re rtin the bill to the . full Ju- behind the bill, almost hysteria,,. he com-
diciary Committee,: which will consider it mented:
The provision affecting private citizens
grew out of the anger of many members
of Congress, including some on the two in-
telligence committees, over the Washing-
ton newsletter, Covert Action Informa-
tion Bulletin, which has printed the.
names of what it says are Central Intelll-
gence Agency officers who operate under.
So-called "shallow embassy cover" in
foreign posts, posing as ordinary diplo-
The bulletin's staff sa
it
s
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1403I PRESS '(AL,.)
8 August 19&0
e ' need some secrecy
The House Foreign . ?? ~f~.111 .ilf iJ - .
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NTIAGEED
O
ON PAGE
By Spencer Rich
washinaton Post Staff-Writer
When Datsun-' chief' -Takashi :Ishi-
hara came to the United States two.
years ago to', explore investment-
op-portunities for-the giant auto
the man who-took-him around..Capitol
Hill to 'meet'such, notables as Senates,
Republican: Leader Howard H. Baker',
Jr. (Tenn.) and House Speaker:
Thomas Pi.O'Neiil (D-Mass.) was Rich-
ard if. Allen,'.abusiness consultant' to
Datsun
That visit,.. commemorated ; in a
photo of. Allen, Baker, Ishihara. and,
other smiling Datsun officials, under=`
scores an important ;point about Al--
len::the:44-year-old former :Nixon ad-
ministration 6fficial who .is. the key
foreign-affairs, adviser. to Ronald
Reagan and a prime possibility to be-
come the president's national security
affairs adviser in.a Reagan adminis-
tration..._ . , -? ..
,In; recent administrations, security
affairs:. advisers and' secretaries - of.
state 'have tended' to 'be scholars of
high reputation like Henry A. Kis-
singer, ands. Zbigniew Brzezinski..or
skilled negotiators like superlawyers
Cyrus R. Vance, and William Rogers.-
Allen, 'however,. has- a different
background. He began as an academic.
wrote or edited (sometimes with oth-
ers) five books on .communism' (none
?in`the 1ast110, years).'He
: worked"on
strategic. problems at the Hoover In-!'
stitution and the Georgetown Center.
;tor Strategic and International . Stud,
ies =-He, served --at -the- -National Secu
rity Council and-then as a key White
House'aide,.on trade matters during
fwo separate: stints . in the Nixon ,ad-
ministration.
But his-: :reputation. as, a v- scholar
doesn't begin Ito :match. that of Kis
=singer or Brzezinski, and' he never?'re
:eeiLed aPh.D:
=In: between. his _ White: House jobs
and:.for,:,the `..past eight years;~.he's
moved out of:the?scholarly world. to a-
much different one:.. that of the inter
.national business', ..consultant,. criss
:crossing Atlantic , and: Pacific; to, con-,
cult with : Japanese-. or -,Portuguese
clients, to. look igto business opportu-
"nities in.. Taiwan, to explore invest
.ment policies in ?Angpla :and Mozambi-
+':que Ho firm's name here is ; Potomac
^wInternationalCorp:."'?,,,;;.
WASHINGTON POST
24 AUGUST 1930
r< In?..Washington. where the daily
bread of. politics is rumor, unsubstan-
tiated stories have clustered about Al-
len. . .
In the interests of clarificatioir;: Al- I
len in an interview commented on a
number. of such- rumors.; He denied ,
each, one, as ?preposterous "." a lie" or i
"categorically.untrue'R?and gave these
specific ' responses:.
? "No; :I did not"_,,. encourage and
"absolutely did not, indicate that
Nixorf-approved" covert--signals to the
South Vietnamese, to ' go? slow in' 1968
'peace negotiations, lest apeace agree-
ment help the Democrats beat candi-
date Nixon in the presidential-
elec-tion. 'IT do not-work for-'the CIA=pe
..rio . Never.. .
?.-He asn't ?:any-special. link to.Tai-
wan, but he has explored business
possibilities there and visited there.
-?? A story that he was somehow. in
volved: when Israelis' made off with-1
five' French gunboats' on 'Christmas
Day' 1369-is "preposterous."j},
~..?:?-ln the.Nikon White 'House,`he was
asked-to head up a unit that later be-
carie.known as .'the Plumbers." But
at the time the job involved nothing
more than: `declassification of histori-
cal-documents, the-unit wasn't' called
the-Plumbers, he turned 'down the
job, and'' he wasn't involved in? any
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FORTH WORTH STAR-TELEGRAM (TEXAS)
10~August 1980
{
vrms,eftort
If you wonder, and perhaps scoff, when this
nation's: military leaders express ,concern
about the state of preparedness of our. armed
forces consider this::
The Soviet Union now is de-,
voting. 12 to '14 percent of its', .
gross national product to mill
tary -purposes, with spending
-rising .4 or 5.percent a year, a .
recenj flA tudy_indicates.
States defense outlay of 5.3 per-
cent of gross national product,
and the Carter administration
has. promised'. a 5 percent
TII'4i~ON The GNP percentage figures
.-country gives to'its military machine, and some
independent analysts think the Soviet priority
is even, higher than the CIA calculates, with
perhaps as much as 20 percent of GNP going for
military spending
The Soviet economy floundered in the dol-
drums-in 1978.79, .but that fact caused no cut-
back in military' spending, and the lot of the
average Soviet citizen improved very little. Per
capita consumption increased only 2 percent in
the past: two: years, compared with the mili-
tary's 4 or5percent - -
=The CIA study- points out that the relatively
high military growth reflects the fact that Sovi-
et defense programs have great momentum as
wellas powerful political and bureaucratic sup-
port. The defense sector continued to confis-
cate a large share of the economy's best scien-.
tific,.technical and managerial talent and large
:amounts of high-quality materials components
and . equipment::.:. r
The CIA report also said approximately half
of Soviet military funding in the past two years
went for procurement of new equipment and?
major spare parts and for construction of new
'-facilities. Military research, development, test-
ing.and evaluation--got another fourth ~of the=
defense pot, and the Soviet soldier; whose pay is
? parsimonious, to say. the least; split the other,
.
fourth. with operations and maintenance
needs z
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LITCUD LD NT':-7;-WRAL17 ( ILL.
8 August 1980
-VOOS* PS
-SCOO CIA
Bob Poos, Hillsboro 3a'tive
and now managing editor of
"Soldier-- of Fortune"
magazine, recently took. partin what his publisher claims
is. a scoop of the Central'
Intelligence Agency. . i
The` ntMTer, tL ber't K.
Brown, explained in a
publisher's note in the Sep-
tember issue-of the magazine
that Poos - flew to Seoul,
Korea, to meet author Galen{
L. Geer and take possession !
of some 5.45 mm rounds for
the Soviet AKS-74 assault'
rifle. The weapon is a type of
rifle issued to elite Soviet :
units instead of the AK-47 that !
is used in Vietnam and other,
third world countries. l The
Colt M-16 --is the American
assault rifle::
Geer got 30 rounds'. along.
with, some other , military
items from Afghanistan. He.
and an English photographer
traveled for 11 days in Paktia'
province southeast of Kabul'
with Pathan tribesmen.---.-...
Poos went to Korea on other;I
story assignments -, and ' held
partof the rounds while Geer:.
went' through .customs::
Twenty-three . rounds:. :.were,
seized by; . Customs.They:
were. later.. returned:G eer;
and'- "Brown ' flew to
Washington where they.l
-
over
turned two-of the rounds
to the Defense -Intelligence
rest of the rounds:=into 'the
more stories=for:- =his
Herald reporters Thursday.
In an advance October issue"
supplied to the News=Herald,
the bullet was-- described in
detail. It was found to have an
air space, lead plug and mild-
steel core directly to?the rear
of the bullet's thin-jacketed
point. The '.'Soldier--of For-: j
tune"- staff concluded in?-the l
article that the Soviets have
produced an accurate, lethal
lightweight round capable.of,;
producing the severe wounds -
reported from Afganistan.i
Geer interviewed - some',
doctors in Pakistan where i
Pathan tribesmen are treated
if they are lucky enough to
live the 8 to 10 days it takes to
reach help. ':'hey reported
that :whole bone.` sections
would explode. from the
chemical-biological warfare
filter from a damaged Soviet
scout "car-,:.to _reach. :.a?
.laboratory in , Virginia. i?oos
said, that the-results -were not
available.. The" Soviets have.
reportedly used nerve gas in
Afghanistan. -Analysis of the
filter may prove it.
The writer also arranged for
a tube type weapon about 12
inches long to be brought into
-the country.. According to the j
Mujahideen or Holy Warriors'
that he met, .there are dif-
ferent types: with . separate
missle-like, projectiles which
have a range. up, to 300 yards
and include high :,:explosive;
antitank, nerve gas and
flares.
Sticks. of =an 'incendiary
material similar to napalm
were also` brought back. The
sticks are either dropped by a
large bomb.or are scattered
ky heliocopters .and i
gmted
by phosphorus rockets.
Geer described the;
character and the history of
the Pathan tribesmen and
their "Jihad" or holy war
against the Russians. In May
nearly. a . thousand Afghans
representing every tribe and ~
level of society in the country !
met in Peshwar, Pakistan, in
a "Loyal Jirga." _ -
A Jirga is held whenever,
there is a national
emergency. A new govern-
ment is created to decide the
course of the nation. If it is
successful, the ' various
Mujahideen warrior .groups
will' operate" under one
military council. -
Geer theorizes that -if the*!
groups coordinated, the'
Russians. will have a difficult
time controlling the country
because of its 'rugged desert
mountains and thick forests.
He also speculated that if the
Soviets with d-raw,`there will
be a long civil war to !
establish a government. -
In the November issue of the
magazine, . Poos said there..
would be a round up by Geer
of the Afghanistan situation.
He.'.also said his... magazine
would take -some `: political
stands about .the '.candidates
and the sad shape'of the-U.S.
military.
Poos-reports-he is living in
Boulder, Colo., where the
magazine is -published. He
sees his wife, -Carol, a'
business -- executive in
Washington, D.C., between
his work and his travels.-
:am not bitching;'.,he said, "I
love it (work)'..' His wife and 1
daughter, Lisa, -a sophomore
in high school,-,intend to move
to Boulder when their home,
in the. Washington: is ;,sold
Their oth
er, daughter, Laura,.
is. a -.-sophomore- at' the
University _of-Misssouri= r??x
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merwaia-----hi Ilizence.',
NORFOLK VIRGINIAN-PILOT (VIRGNINA)
7 August 1980.
:~J Harvie Wilkinson III:'
Editor, The ? Virginian-Pilot-'
Just how smart is American intelli-
gence? Sixty of the nation's top securi-
ty experts gathered not long ago in
included former
CIA and military
olncials, staffers
on congressional
intelligence com-
mittees, academ-
ics,:: journalists,
and leaders from
America's strate-
gic . think tanks.
`The conference
transcripts are fas-
cinating but .not.--::..:-.
.comforting. read- = Wilkinson
us of future Pearl Harbors. 'But: this
conference underscored the impor-
tanceof non-military - intelligence as
well...
Would our -president, for example,
have advance warning of a coup d'etat'
in unstable Saudi Arabia? Well, the in-
telligence report from Iran in Septem-
''ber -1978 :concluded that the shah "is
expected-to remain -actively.'in. power'
over the-next- 10, years'.'. (off. by.. only-.
nine years,.-eight' months)..
Would the -United states be able to
detect a major. Soviet technological
breakthrough?. Professor 'Michael .
~Randel of Harvard warns that-'.'the
telligence' community'.has' never; at-
tracted` the-:firsttank of scientists
* (with~notable;.exceptions:during
Is American .intelligence preparedto-.
forewarn of. international political, te
rorism? Short,: answer no
; another;problem..The CITY is still not
popular on college campuses. But re-
quiring certain degrees, cautions for-.
Amer CIA director.. William Colby,
could bar from the corps of analysts
the mudcaked activist who has
tramped the back jungle" and learned
more than any college classroom could
provide.
.The CIA also-lacks linguists. This
creates a backlog in-processing intelli-
gence. - Complains Brookings' Richard
Betts: "You can't get people who know
Arabic to sit and listen to tapes all day.
There aren't that many of them and
, the few there are would rather do other
'.One participant complained that our
young CIA analysts fail. to comprehend.
the'Russians. Apprentice'them for six
months in a "Detroit homicide squad,'
a-- union picket 'line,": he suggests. A..,
university simply fails. to commuri'.
- - -------------
cate "the visceral feel for the reality
that periodically explodes out. of the
Tartar.:Steppes " -
The' classic trap of.intelligence.is
that of.-wishful thinking. It's well- :.
known.that Stalin refused even to hear =
:the overwhelming evidence, of his se-
cretservices that-Hitler-was about to---
turn on Russia. in Barbarossa: Don't
laugh: American: presidents made it
clear to.the CIA, that. unpleasant news
about the shah wag unwelcome; it poi-
soned. , the.-political ;climate for arms
sales to 1ran3.
Wishful: intelligence now assumes `
that the Soviet Union;is the mirror im-
ageof the United. States'.. Our defense
doctrine. is. labeled MAD.-,(nuclear war
_involves Mutually Assured:.?Destruc =
.:lion). We have assumed despite mas-
and hardened 'fallout'shelters that the
der?As' Senator: Malcolm' ;Wallop (R
Wyo.). notes
t?`While'the -Soviets were'be 3.
Ong,
the: biggest military; buildup in history,':
isiates] judged: that they~rwould: nor. try'
to=uildas:manymissilesas .we :had; ;
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ber, thenNIEs said ;they were unlikely
exceed tt substantially wheat
exceeded it substantially, the NIEs
said'they would not try for decisive su_
periority-the capability to fight and.;
win a nuclear war. Only very recently''
have the NIEs admitted the possibility '
as an `elusive question.' Now the NIEs
say the Soviets-may be trying for such''
,.a capability but they cannot be sure it
will work.'
During the 1970s, some in Congress
thought intelligence activity vaguely
immoral. But where our national secu-.
rity is concerned, the greatest immo-'
rality is_ inadequacy.
..The president of the National Strate +i
gy:Information Center, Frank Barnett,
.fears that Americans have grown -too.,'
comfortable to sense "how frequently.
brute force, psywar, treachery;: and vi-'
olence determine human events in the
arena outside the Anglo-Saxon playing
fields." Pleasant thinking-on the part
of those who gather and those who read
intelligence-has brought us into the
1980s, encumbered by the-reality of
-overwhelming Soviet power. ,.
"My opinion of the Russians has
changed more drastically in the Iasi'
week than even the previous two and a,
half years before that," said Jimmy.
Carter, post-Afghanistan.
Somehow, someone is not getting the
message. Let us hope .that statement
reflects an outlook unique to this par.
ticular president, not the stream of in-
telligencethat passed jefore his eyes.
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CF,ANT0N TD ES (PA.)
5 August 1980
The Scranton Public Library isIfull of books
'about spies and espionage. I wonder, though,
if the librarians there realize they are guar.!
dians of a book that itself is the centerpiece of
a real-life intrigue.
Our story began a few weeks ago. -Bob
Rafalko, the co-owner of Copperfield: Books' in
downtown Scranton,. had a problem. ,
"I've been trying to order this book called
"Countercoup," Rafalko explained., "It's ab-
out Iran and how the Central Intelligence
Agency helped bring the Shah back to power
after he was overthrown in 1953. But I can't
order the book."
It seemed that whenever Rafalko called- up-I
the title on his computer screen, he was
informed that his book distributors could not
get copies of "Countercoup."
This was odd. Having ,read a review of
"Countercoup" several months before, .I knew..;
the book had been published. I had wanted to
read": it, so I was mildly interested in the
bookseller's revelation. Then he told me
something that made me more than curious.:
The word in the book trade was that the CIA
was responsible for "Countercoup's" strange
lack- of availability; Rafalko confided.:
The CIA. The slithering sound of it made me=
shudder a little. Then I got excited. I sensed a :
good story here.
Next day, I went to the public' library and
found a ,copy of "Countercoup," by former
CIA operative Kermit Roosevelt:_ Somehow
the book that Rafalko could not order had
reached the-library.. I savored the- forbidden
fruitl
That night I began reading "Countercoup,"'
and the next day I. called the McGraw-Hill
Book Co., its publisher: I was put in touch with
,Donald Rubin in the.firm's New York office.:
The first thing Rubin -did was_ blow an
Y
- ----
=illusions I had about breaking a major news
story. He said that on Nov. 6, 1979, The. Wall
Street Journal had printed a front-page story
headlined "The Coup Against 'Counter-
coup.'
But. Rubin was able to bring me up to date
on this little publishing-industry intrigue..
"We began shipping the books last summer,
but then substantial errors in the book came to.
our attention," the' publisher's spokesman,
said.
The main objections to parts of the book had
been lodged by British. Petroleum Co. Ltd;
more. familiarly known as, BP,; Rubin, said.'
,
As The Wall Street Journal reported; offi-
cials of BP, which is 51-percent owned by the
British government, had raised a bowl.upon
getting word that Roosevelt's book identified
the.Anglo-Iranian oil Co., a BP predecessor,
as avery eager partner of the CIA in organiz
j ing the coup that toppled Iranian Prime Minis-
ter Mohammad Mossadegh and returned thP.
young Shah to the Peacock Throne..
The coup, with help from Iranian supporters
of the Shah, spelled the end of Mossadegh,
I whom the CIA perceived as a Communist
i stooge and the British hated because he had
nationalized. the_Iranianoil industry.
I = -The rest is history. One of its important
chapters ended last month with the ignomini-
I 'ous death-in-exile of the Shah. But back to ourl
own story.
As a former CIA employee, Roosevelt had to
submit the manuscript of his book to the
agency for pre-publication review. The draft
Perused by the CIA indicated that a British
intelligence unit called MI 6 was the prime
mover in the onslaught against Mossadegh.
I 'Tut, tut, said the CIA to Roosevelt, it wouldn't
I
I be cricket to have .direct references to our..
cousins in British- intelligence in the book.
i Roosevelt" agreed to make changes. For
reasons of his own, he replaced MI 6 with
i Anglo-Iranian Oil Co. in his revised draft. And
that's what drew the wrath of the British oil
giant.
After being pressured into revising his book,,
Roosevelt himself asked for a delay on a new
I publication date when the American hostages
I were taken on Nov. 4, Rubin said. The author
i apparently did not want to spill oil on the fire
started -by the Iranian militants. ' "
. But it was too late. Some copies of the
original "Countercoup" already were in the
1hands of book. reviewers, on bookstore
(shelves, and in the stacks of libraries like the
one in Scranton.
Last week, Rafalko learned he finally could
order "Countercoup." It's a laundered second
edition, however. Nothing as juicy as the copy. I
I had found at the library. -
So what does our story meanYWhich ver-.
sion of "Countercoup" was correct? Did -1
Roosevelt just pick AIOC out of a hat, or was
the oil company the real force behind the super-secretive MI.6?..: . {
I don't know and neither does Rafalko. But
he says he's an ardent admirer of conspiracy
theories.
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ON PAGE
In the 1980's
13 AUGUST 1980
CIA chief says U.S. facing 'a precarious
Commercial News Staff
America is not facing the bet
of all possible worlds as the na=
tion enters the 1980s, the Central
Intelligence Agency chief says.
Admiral Stansfield Turner
predicted here that the 1980s
would be more precarious than
either the 1960s or 1970s.
And what that means to
business and the guy on the
street is that the quality of living
- and life itself. - may be in
jeopardy.
.Turner told a luncheon at the
San Francisco Press Club this
week that one reason for this was
the perception by the Soviet
Union of closer equality with the
United States in world affairs.
"The Soviet leaders don't feel
inferior to the United States.
Whether this is true or not, we
can't count on bullying or in-
timidating the Soviets. This is a
new challenge to us," he said.
Secondly, Turner said, " the
United States cannot expect the
same' rate of high economic
growth in the developed coun-
. tries of the world as in the past.
"We will be lucky if we can
sustain a rate of growth in
energy of 1 to 2 perent instead of.
the 6 percent we are used to. And
1 or 2 percent may be an op- .
timistic evaluation." "
Thirdly,- Turner said, the
:situation
mechanism for handling
military and economic problems
-will work differently in the 1980s.
"The countries want a larger
voice in decisions,'.' he said. "We
are going to have to change our
patterns of diplomacy, so we
must have better information
and better secret intelligence,"
he said.
"Can we do this and still
respect the provisions of the U.S.
constitution? I believe we can."
he said.
Turner also outlined four areas
of legislation that he felt were
needed . to better protect the
legitimate secrets of the United
States.
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12"'August: -1980
WILMINGTON EVENING JOURNAL
:CIA chief: Bewarie`'80s r _ ?'
SAN FRANCISCO` The :1980s will be a,3
more:precarious .tune for the `U S. military,,.
than the 1970sor 1960s, according to Adm
Stanfield; Turner, director of the Central
Intelligence Agency
The threat will come from growing Soviet
militarYstren and ":reduced no le-
g~.
r growth in the free world Turner said yester
o Press i .
in a speech ,at the San Francisc
Turner advocated` passage of "legislation
that .would, reduce : the number, of .congress
sionalcommittees that must-be informed of
the agency's activities and free the CIA from
some provisions of the Freedom of Inforrna {
lion Act,
The bill would also bar the disclosure of the
identities of - CIA " operatives overseas and+
:.protect CIA secrets from disclo'sureidurmgd
courE hearings
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U.S. NEWS & WORLD REPORT
25 August 1980
hane~io Expubt
arter ~ece
Back to SALT. In foreign policy, get- details and might choose to stay away.
ling his arms-control drive back on Most senior presidential aides, in-
track would be high on the agenda. Al-
ter the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
last. year, Carter decided that the stra-
tegic-arms treaty had to be shelved un-
til after the election.
The President also would. renew his
efforts to achieve a Middle East peace
settlement, which is bogged" down by
the inabiliy of Egypt and. Israel to
agree on terms for Palestinian autono-
.0.
AgTICLE APPil+RI%D
ON,
PAGE J~:'~
increasingly hostile, Mos- a only one o e
lem world. President's original de
In both foreign and do- partmerit "heads .who has
,--tic policy' the Presi- stated? his intention, to
there has been a steady a second, term ( include Energy ecre,
movement of power away tary Charles Duncan, who probably
"dent would use a renewed leave atlyear's end is Inte-
lease on the Executive nor Secretary . Cecil An-
Mansion to try to rebuild drus, former governor of
presidential control over Idaho. The governor of
the federal bureaucracy, another Western, state, such as Arizo-
his aides say. na's Bruce Babbitt, could replace him.
"In the past decade, -Other top advisers who might forgo
C.
from. the White House," would return to the private sector;
says one Carter man. 'The Atty. Gen.. Benjamin Civiletti, who
President will try to bring drew. criticism'. in they Billy Carter. af-
backasense ofcentral con fair, and economic:: aides Charles.
trol over the government Schultze and Alfred Kahn, who have.
that has dissipated." indicated desires to leave government..
Agencies have frequent- One possible addition to the corps of
ly split with the Carter aides: Irving Shapiro, chairman of E. I.
White House over policy. du Pont de Nemours & Company.
If re-elected, the. Presi Vice President Mondale would be a
dent would be more insis- more visible figure in a second term,
tent that political appoin- since he would: be seen by some as heir
tees be responsive to annarent for the ton iob in 1984.;.
White House wishes. Court replacements. Another focal
Changes would also point would be -the. Supreme Court,
show un in Carter's corps , where five justices are over, 70 years
,of advisers. Some would old. Carter has served notice he will
leave, and others would shift to new jobs make the prospect of appointments, to
in the administration. the Court a campaign issue. He.has not
the big mentioned names,. but has. hinted he
In the White House itself
,
estion is whether Hamilton Jordan, would fill any openings with liberals.
~ter's longtime political lieutenant, Possible appointees who have figured
..old return as chief of staff. Jordan in speculation include Education Secre-.
h
'
f
Hu
stedler, Healt
and
?left that job to'help 'run the re-election tary Shirley Hu
campaign. Carter would welcome him man Services Secretary Patricia Harris,
dislik an ement 'Solicitor General Wade McCree and
a
s
b k b t d
EXCERPTED
Candidates for Departure
m
g - -
an
ac , u jor e
appeals-court judge Abner Mikva, a for- Charles Duncan
mer congressnian.from.Illinois.
would be seeking ways to in the agency an outsi e,
improve relations with an, might be replaced.
f'th
stat, national-security adviser Zbigniew
Brzezinski' and' congressional liaison
Frank Moore,% woulc'. be likely to stay., d
Some assistants could win promotions.
Interim chief of staff Jack Watson and
senior aide. Anne Wexler are seen as
possible cabinet nominees. No, change
is foreseen in the foreign-policy team
of Defense Secretary Har
would have a . freer hand to. put pres- of State -Edmund Muskie.
sure on the Israelis. . But Central Intelligence
If American hostages were still being gency Director ans-
held in Iran, freeing them would remain Ti"-7- urner, w o has
a top priority." More broadly. advisers been criticized of wi -
Despite the euphoria that re-election
would bring, aides concede that the
President would face many of the same
troubles that marked his first term.
Congress would remain a big stum-
bling block. Even with the lopsided
Democratic majorities in this Congress,.
Carter's relations have been rocky.
They could be even rockier next year if
Republicans pick up additional seats
this November, as expected.
This likely change on Capitol Hill,
combined. with the intractability of
many national and international prob-
lems, would almost certainly make a
second term for Jimmy Carter just as
turbulent as the first. 0
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ARTICLE APPEARED
ON PAGE. 1,
THE WASHINGTON POST
17 August 1980
Telexes ~ov~~.~e
ith- C~~firm~tion o
By Walter Pincus
International Telex messages, sent
from--.the United States to Billy Car-
ter's sidekick during the last days of.-
March 1980 and apparently inter-
cepted by U.S. electronic intelligence
collectors, provided the White House
with-confirmation that an oil deal be-
tween-the president's brother and Lib-
ya's Qaddafi regime was in the works.
The deal, which could have -given
Billy Carter-..millions of dollars- in
commissions, apparently came to a
head.March 31.'.
On that Monday morning, Billy Car-
ter had Charter Crude Oil Co. send a
Telex-to his associate; Henry (Randy)
Coleman, in Libya,- confirming that.
Charter would buy any oil allocation
grailted the president's brother-
The Telex was immediately" sent, ac-
,cording to Charter-officials.-
Later that same day, Central Intelligeiice Agency Director tans if eld
urner told the President's national
security affairs adviser, Zbigniew
Brzezinski, about Billy Carter's nego-''-
tiations for a Libyan oil allocation. -. ~'
`- Inc his statement earlier this month,''.'
Brzezinski :reported -,getting "in- March -
1980 ... A brief intelligence report"
from Turner "which bore on Billy Car-
ter's-.-commercial aealing with an oil -
company ...",But he did not disclose.,
the exact date of the report.
That was "to -protect intelligence
sources and methods," Brzezinski said.
" Last week,. however, in response to
a`.question, the. White House con-
firmed the Turner- information was
given on March 31..; .
On - the afternoon of March .31,.
Brzezinski called',; Billy Carter, told
him, he. knew,about the oil deal and
suggested "this could be exploited po-.
litically by the Libyans." .
He -advised Billy Carter that. ...the.,
deal' could be embarrassing to the
country and "the. president, person-_.
ally" and added' that he. hoped, he
would "do nothing that would be em
barrassing.?'
Billy Carter, , according . to ? sources;
was angered by-the Brzezinski-mes=
sage
The president's brother was in fi-
nancial-straits. HIS 'income had drop-
ped sharply after his, publicized anti-
Zionist remarks a- 'year : earlier: He
owned money to the Internal Revenue
Service.
He and Coleman had.-::been trying
for almost a year to-put-:together the
oil deal. He had told friends earlier
that month that he was sure it was, about to-come through. -Coleman had
been in Libya more than two weeks
.Waiting to get to the right people.
So certain was Billy 'Carter on
March, 31 that. he was at -last going
to get his long-promised oi,.?deal that
he arranged. that morning-i.^ the call
requesting the Telex to 'Coleman-to-
drive down to Charter Oil's headquar-
ters in-. Jacksonville. Fla.; - and have
lunch.-the next day,. April 1,..with-offi
cials of the company..
With that as background, Billy Car
ter-according to Brzezinski's later re-
port-told the president's aide "during"
their March 31 phone conversation
that he "had a right to make a living."
f Billy Carter also emphasized he was
`'entitled to. his privp y," a. reference
to Brzezinski receiving information on
the oil- deal.
?' On the next day, April 1, according
to Brzezinski, he reported. to Presi-
dent Carter on Billy Carter's oil deal
and the phone conversation he had
had with the president's brother. The
president told Brzezinski he had done
the-right thing "to caution Billy," but .
apparently did nothing. about the situ-
ation himself.
White. House aides -said last ' week
the, president. dictated-nothing :about
the information he had received about
his, brother that ` day in his daily remi-,
niscence.,. April.1 was the day of the
Wisconsin primary, when "the presi-;
dent announced on early-morning tel-
evision that there-had been a -break inc.
the Iranian hostage crisis:
As .for . Billy Carter ;:`he --did lunch
April' l'-with Lewis Nasife, .:president
of Charter Crude .Oil Co., and Jack
-Donnell,'.president'' --of o-the: ,paren
:Charter Oil Co:._
Charter'had -a real
.?interest^in get=
:ting :more::: oil , .because :. their- 100,000
..
barrel-a-d: y: ,contract,:'had.: ended the-
day..before.';and'%their; new._arrange-:'
ment.cut:ah^m-to 6;",000-barrels `a day;;.
A
Charter-official said recently the::
conversation was, Rbout: oil. butthat;the.::
lunch; at:a "local-hamburger. ttand,"
was informal and.'cost', `about~$20;",j
"The oil deal ,"however;never; went
through.
Coleman. returned, from. , Libya
within a few days and on April 7,
picked up a $200,000 check. for Billy
Carter at.the Libyan.,officesf in - Wash-
ington. The word : "loan" was . written
on the check,. according to congress=
men who have seen copies of. it in the
Justice Department files. -
Billy Carter, has been saying ' for..
.more.than!a month-that the':govern-
ment : has been listening in, on his
phone : conversations-_an allegatiorr
Justice Department officials strongly
deny..
'In an interview `Friday with CBS,':
,Billy Carter changed his complaint.:.
The television interview took place in
.Americus,. -Ga., ;.:a CBS spokesman
.said, after Billy. Carter had returned
from Washington, where- he had .beer.
questioned on his Libyan activities by
S'enate_investlgators.-.
?."I do : know that Telexes that have
been sent by me, and in my name were
picked up," he.. said. "Everyb,dy de-
nies'doing'it. Nobody, nobody has-yet
denied it was done"
'The Senate Judiciary subcommittee
hearings on the-Billy' Carter rase will
begin-Tuesday with his- partner, Coie
man, and :his former Marine Corps
:commander, Jack E. McGregor.: as the
first witnesses.
McGregor, once an officer of Carey .
'Energy Co.. and now a consultant.-for
:Charter; ,,talked -with Billy- Carter in
.Marchand April.4979 about hi3-finan-,
cial problems-and -.the possibility- of:
doing business 'with -the Libyans.
Carey Energy:-once purchased.?.o&.
from Libya and later sold out to Char= `-
ter, which took over its Libyan ?oil'op-'
erations.w_. _ .:. ~~:a: rz._......
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CHARTER LEGISLATION - PRO AND CON
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ARTICLE APPEARED
ON PAGE L.
eachi Desired s
WASHINGTON STAR
17 AUGUST .1980
yWashingion $terStaff Writers _
Both-
INTELLIGENCE;' Bath:
.charters writtenlto guide U S'intel
ligence agencies but the Democrats;,
tion:?of `eiviT,liberties? of.persons
crime to publicly! identify IIS spies, j
intelligence capacity--?geaerillyf
n
EXICE$PTED
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 STAT
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CHICAGO SUN-TD-ES (ILL.)
13 August 1980
NluzzliAg the spy-namers
Former-CIA agent Philip Agee and his also- agents. Which would be OK, except that Wolf..
ciates,-Louis Wolf and 'William H. Schaap. are and Schaap deny having such access and say:
in the business of naming -names of intelli- they get their names from research of unclas-
gence agents with the aim-of wrecking U.S. sifted material.'
undercover operations..:. To broaden the net, the bill takes in people
It's despicable work.:.. Last month, after without access to secrets who aim to "impair
Wolf and.Schaap published the names:"of 15 or impede the foreign intelligence activities of
alleged CIA agents in'Jamaica," the home of the United States."
the purported station chief was raked by -gun The language is designed to. absolve. jour: ji
fire. Richard Welch, CIA-station chief in Ath-- 'nalists and. others who, to expose-CIA mis-
ens, was : -assassinated -in?':1975 afters being takes or misdeeds, may expose an agent's
similarly identified. name. But that's slippery; laws relying on de
The great majority of Americans no doubt, termination of intentions to establish guilt im-
concur with members of Congress who want`"'.peril the-First Amendment rights of "good" as
to legally muzzle Wolf, Schaap and their ilk,'` well as "evil" speakers and writers.
but doing so effectively "without compromis-- .':: Anyway, .Wolf/Schapp claim their purpose.
ing the constitutional rights of others is deli 'is: pure: it,is .not to impede but to clean up:
cate work. U. S. intelligence gathering.
A bill pending before committees of both '=< Justice Department lawyers say a constitu
houses fails.-in the attempt:: >tional law;. to protect undercover agents can
One part of it would. make,it a crime for be written.-If so, it.should be-written forth- I
anyone with legal access. to government se with The one in hand falls short on practical
cress to displose the names of "U .S. intelligence as well as constitutional grounds.
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ON PAG)L_~-
U.S NEWS1& WORLD REPORT
25 August'1980
Report From Capitol Hill
As, Congress
Meads Soto
Homestretch
With Election Day scarcely. 11
weeks: off, key spending, tax
and energy issues remain to
be. settled. In prospect: Tough,
legislative infighting.
In air heavy with partisan maneuver-
ing, Congress is returning to Washing-
ton to face a crowded agenda of unfin-
ished business.
Battles over spending-plus a pair of
two-week recesses for the, Republican
and Democratic national conven-
tions-have put. the lawmakers well
behind in their effort to wind up ,the
1980. session by October 4.
Congressional leaders. made: it. clear
as they prepared to reconvene. the
House and Senate. on Auguste 18 that a
lame-duck?session after, the November
elections is likely to be needed , to ap-
prove the 1981 federal budget. .
Most observers predict a tumultuous,
but largely unproductive, finish to'the
96th Congress. If the past is any guide,
politics, will, dominate, coloring - every.-
thing from the Senate's investigation of
the Billy Carter affair to the burgeon-
ing debate over the 29.8-billion-dollar
deficit proposed by the White House.
Few share, the optimism of Senatet
Majority Leader Robert C. Byrd (D-:
W.Va.),who has outlined an ambi-
tious schedule for the rest of the
year, including final action on such
items as the 1981 budget, youth-em-
ployment aid, fair housing, hazard-
ous-waste disposal and all'13 major
.1981 appropriation bills, plus con-
sideration of tax-relief proposals.
"So many members of Congress
are involved in re-election cam-
paigns, it will be difficult to approve !
anything except appropriation bills,"
contends: Assistant Senate Re
.can Leader Ted Stevens of Alaska.!
Senator -Sam Nunn (D-Ga.) de-
clares: "I don't see any new pro-
grams being considered-which a
lot of people think is a good thing."
Much of Congress's time is ex-
pected to be taken up with partisan
wrangling, intensified by the major
parties' 'widely differing philoso-
phies- for coping with inflation and
unemployment.
Taking cues from GOP presiden- I
tial nominee Ronald Reagan, Re-
publicans are demanding that Con-
gress fight inflation by balancing the
budget and that it consider tax relief
for businesses and a 10 percent tax cut
for individuals to. spur the economy.
Many Democrats argue that the cur-
rent.recession demands more, not less,
federal spending and that a tax cuts
now would produce more inflation.
Although Reagan intends to keep !
the tax issue alive with a rally on the
Capitol steps in mid-September, his
party, lacks the votes to prevail on this
or any issue without massive Demo-
cratic defections. Democrats hold a
274-to-159 majority in the House and a
59-to-41 edge in the Senate. .1 1
Other. items on the agenda that, are
still being battled over-
CIA reporting. Instead of drafting a
new charter. for, intelligence agencies,
as.originally planned, Congress is near-
ing approval of a narrower bill aimed
at limiting the number of Senate and
House committees to whom these.
agencies must report.
EYCL .PI. ;D
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HOT SPRINGS SENTIN L-RECORD (. RK.
11 August 1980
lvP,.R sand secrets
The United States:-House of - Repre- :;u operatives.
sentatives is considering, a bill which .> Reprehensible as Wolf's work may
would make it illegal ` to divulge the be, it may not be constitutionally possi=
names of U.S. intelligence agents work- ble:to stop it, nor is it 'justifiable to_
ing undercover. violate the constitution to get at Wolf.
It must.. be obvious to , nearly every That is too dangerous a precendent:
thinking person that-it isessentialfor Anyone who publishes secret govern-
major, governments to know, what -is, .:ment:information gained while in pub-
going.. oh in the world. Often, the only lie service ought to be punished, if the
wayto gather valuable information is publication endangers the lives of
for agents to doit covertly: Not only is- agents or , can be shown to harm
agents' effectiveness ruined if their true national security.
function Js revealed, their lives may be As to the likes of Wolf, the govern
jeopardized. ment must look to itself to learn how
Governments who put such agents -Wolf and:his colleaguesare gaining the
into the field have an obligation to do all - identities of secret agentsrThe informa-
they:can to protect the agents' lives:.: tion must be coming from inside the
Portions of the bill are .clearly aimed government. Freedom, of speech pro-
at persons such as Louis` Wolf, whose tects the despicable as -'well as the
Covert Action InformationBulletin has decent. The government cannot stop
reputed reputedl rpu
pntrM blished' the names of 2,000 Wolf directly; it must ;stop its own
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LOUISVILLE COLS I/R?-JOUEPd_4L (1,-Y.)
8 August 1980
Curbs .on press are. wrong approach to protecting
-CIA agents.
IN TAKING issue with one of our
editorials, Congressman Romano Mazzoli
last Sunday in: a Forum page letter de-
fended a pending House bill that would
:urb disclosure of the names of CIA
;pies stationed abroad. 'The bill, he
:laimed, would penalize only those who
cope to damage the CIA by exposing its
agents. Legitimate journalistic investiga-
;ions of agency operations and policies
;upposedly would be unaffected. -
We remain very much unconvinced,
'iowever, that the proposed legislation. is
ompatible with the First Amendment or
with the public interest served by a free
and vigorous press.
the House -bill. and a similar Senate
neasure were prompted by the Washing-
on-based Covert Action Information Bul-
letin, whose editors routinely-identify
CIA agents abroad in an effort to cur -
afieged agency abuses. Though these: edi-
tors 'claim they don't object'to the CIA's.
gathering of foreign intelligence: . and
have. no desire to provoke violence
against CIA, agents, there's little doubt
that Covert Action 'both impairs- U. S. es-
pionage efforts and endangers lives.
In trying to, silence this publication,
.Representative Mazzoli and his col
leagues on the House Select Intelligence
Committee propose two lines of . legal ..at
tack:-;One which'- makes. -, sense,;-,,would
severely .punish . any present pr:,: former
CIA -agent. or other government employ-_
ee"w.ho:used his access to classified, infor-
mation to. expose CIA spies. The, main
target here is Philip Agee, an ex-CIA-
agent and contributor to Covert Action.
More troubling is the committee's pro--
posal. that private citizens -including
journalists - also be- subject to penalties
if they disclose- the names of undercover
agents in a deliberate effort to expose
U. S. spies and damage the CIA. In this
case,. it . would. make no difference-i
whether, the disclosure was based on.
classified information, public sources or
mere guesswork.
Mr. Mazzoli emphasizes that this provi-
sion of the bill would apply only when
malicious intent was involved and could
be shown. But if this became law, does
anyone seriously doubt that the govern-:.I
ment -would try - to prove mischievous
intent in order to suppress news stories it
considered embarrassing to the CIA? Al-
most any in-depth journalistic investiga-
tion of the agency is' bound, - at some
point, to name names. And many, per-
haps most. CIA agents abroad reportedly
can be identified from public sources.
including embassy personnel rosters.
So Congress, in its understandable de-
sire to "get" Covert Action and Mr. Agee;
is being asked to venture down. a dan-
gerous path. Yes, the irresponsible and
malicious would be punished. But so, too.
might reporters and editors who -try to
inform the"American -public about some
of -the--most important and sensitive oper-
ations, and policies of their government.
.The House should -reject "this, -bill and
instruct the Intelligence Committee- to
come up, with a measure that deals- only
with the. likes of Philip Agee. j
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WEST PALM BEACH POST-TIMES (FLA)
3 August 1980
Tess; Abdicates
b'or inexplicable reasons Con-, to commit arms, money 'and
grass is beating an all-too-hasty men to foreign adventures of un-
retreat from -its 1974 pledge to. predictable consequences. .
sdFutinize the activities of the .: The Iessons. of Cambodia, Chile
Central Intelligence Agency. .. -and Angola seem to be forgotten,.'
:The U.S. Senate already -has as has the. national. outrage at
paused the Intelligence Oversight Watergate-era revelations of the'
' A?ct of:1980,..sharply limiting, the CIA's domestic, spying, drug and
ni mber''of congressional 'com- ' biological:,:war...experiments,..on
miltees?"the CIA must notify be- unknowing_U.S.. citizens.::,>,r.-.1,
fob, comn'1lievertactivi Few would doubt that; in the
tits;:- Iow the House Foreign Af- dangerous world of today_ ,an of-?
fps.: Committee has declared fective ?foreign* intelligence 'ser-
tlre are ' secrets Congress vice is needed. But. intelligence
"needn't know" and voted the the gathering of useful' politi-
vi ,virtual repeal of advance notifi- cal, military, geographical. and
-cation requirements. -cultural information. -? is a- far.
.Disappointingly, Rep. Dan cry from covert activities, such
M ca (D-Fla.) was among those ,_ -as the plotting of :assassinations
.
cojnmittee members voting to and coups, the financing of- guer-
relinquish: this important . over-. rilla wars and. the deliberate dis
s gtir tool Earlier he and Rep. -""ruption? of-Third World econo=`
A-4, Bafalis `(R-Fla.) also joined mien.
a=toll-.House3'majority voting to It is the approval-of covert ac
include repeal of the notification:;' tivities which is at issue.
requirements iii the 1981 foreign .. Congress should. not -relinquish
,aid bill., its right to' approve. or disap-
.;T'he. votes. are: a discouraging ` 'prove covert activities which in
:and-ominous reflection of the re-,:. many instances: already have -I
hfetance of ' members of Con- been shown to undermine the na-
g;ess to assume the difficult re- tion's , foreign policy and . moral
sRnsibilities= and ' obligations leadership and endanger its na-
. commensurate with the privi- ? tional; security.. If anything, Con- {
loges and- honor accorded.. their gress should demand to.. know:
oUice:" In..effect, .Congress-. is. more, not less, about what the
.once_ again transferring to 'the::CIA and its military counter
iggsfdent -,.the.. unchecked .power ; parts may be doing.
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SNEPP SAGA CONTINUES....
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o ~~c -. a 1
ARTICLE APPEARED
O PAGE 4?-.2
NEW YORK TIM S
21 AUGUST 1980
interve a
i "gness to
A BROAD A T HOME -. cce
etiyln
ri
m
r
ount
es
r
s,
money and murderous plots. iI
and excesses that hurt this country. It
Whatever one thinks of the need for
e Pelee covert action, it is clear that the prac-
1 tice got out of,hand - with blunders
is now under greater control, in the i
White-House and in Congress, only be,
Only an informed public can apply a
defective pressure for change in failed 1
official policies. Censorship always
tries to hide failure and abuse. It went
B Anthon " Lryulg Lu conceai tnose works of
Y. y Lewis :henry Kissinger's for. years after
there was an y conceivable security
The 40 Committee, which directed' reason to do so. - and only gave up,
C.I.A. covert actions, met in the White one suspects,' when the bureaucrats
House- on June ,27;.1970, to consider figured that Kissinger was unlikely to
what could be done about Chile and be back in office soon, in?a position to
Salvador Allende. -Henry Kissinger punish them.
started the discussion by saying: The danger is that we- now have a
"I don't see why we need to standby. system of official censorship: the first
and watch a country go Communist in the peacetime history of the United
due to the irresponsibility. of its own, States. Congress has net authorized it.
people." , : The Constitution, many believe,
Kissinger's statement was quoted.: stands in. its way. But the Federal
by Victor Marchetti.and John Marks in courts, making law to meet what they
their book, "The C.I.A. and the Cult of consider the C.I.A's needs, have al-
Intelligence." Or rather, it was quoted lowed the agency to censor what any
in their manuscript. C.I.A. censors cut former employee says for the rest of
that passage, and 167 others, before his life.
the book was published in 1974. - : _ The latest incident in -the develop-
The _ statement came, out in -other ment of,this judge-made law of censor-
ways later and was printed widely in-.. ship occurred last week. Frank Snepp,
the press. But the C.I.A. still refused who wrote about official blunders in
to let Marchetti and Marks publish it: - the last days' in Vietnam, gave the.
As recently as last winter, when the Government all he earned from his
censors withdrew their objections to book, "Decent Interval." He wrote a
some of the 168 items cut from the check for $116,658.15 and promised to
book, they still said no to the Kissinger - pay another $24,000 as soon as he can
quotation. borrow it. He is now penniless..
Now, after all those years, the C.I:A -- -- Hardly anyone noticed the 'denoue
has.changed its mind. A new lawsuit meat of the Snepp case. But I think it
was filed .under. the Freedom of Infor- was one of the blackest moments ever
mation'Act to seek release of all the for freedom of speech and press in,
censored passages _M' the Marchetti America.
book. And this month, In its answer to .: The Supreme Court's decree, car
the suit,. the Government . conceded ried out. by :the Justice; Department
that there was no security objection, to . with rigor took Snepp's gross income
publishing Kissinger.'s words r- from "Decent Interval" with no allow.:
The episode tells":: us a good -deal`:.:-.ance for living. expenses during the
about-the way censorship works. The??"Iz _ years he worked on the book- How
censors, and'the Justice.Department many . white-collar criminals . or
lawyers who defend them, always talk .::gangsters-have thus had their gross
.;about the need to protect the national - income taken for violating the law?
security. They-make it seem as if pub- - What- politician or official has paid a
fishing what they want to ban -would -fine of $140,000 for corruption or.de--.
disclose our nuclear codes; or bring' , ceit?, ;:: }...
Soviet missiles- down-on Washington.: - No % one even claims that Frank
But almost always the real fear is that ' . Snepp disclosed any . secrets-.. in his
publication will embarrass someone. . book. But for publishing without per
In this case it-is hard to see how mission he has paid a penalty. savage-.
there could have been any .real se? for him and dangerous_for_the rest of
curity threat to the United States from - us. _ The worst irony is. the bland inno.
publication. - Allende. was dead when cence of those who punished Snepp and
the book first came out, and the record. imposed on us a system of censorship: .
of C.I.A.-.? activity: in-: Chile _has =long,:.: _ Supreme Court.Justices who decided
since beenexplored bynow. : the case -without hearing argument,
:The arrogance of Kissinger's words, - ` two Carter attorneys general and their '
when seen in print,4as no doubt em- ? assistants. ?: :,:;.
barrassing to him. But what he-said at ."-' _ After the Sedition.Act of 1798 lapsed,..
:-the meeting of the'40'Committee was-:.t'-^a shamed Government remitted the`
more . than a :personal matter. It re- 7 2fines of editors who had 'been con..,,
fleeted -what'-was'-and.had. been for*,-.:victed under, It Some day. a-Govern
years a prevailing: -attitude -.- in= the meat more -sensitive than "this: -.one .
C.I A. an$ the White House: an almost ' shoulddo the same for Frank Snepp
s: y's...: sci::~ a.xu$imade3t; c,.v
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ARTICLE APPEARED NEW YORKI TIMES
ON PAGE_,__- 17 AUGUST 1930
Headliners
Giving in
In America, no cause is truly
lost until it is lost: in the United
States, Supreme Court. That is
where Frank W. Snepp 3d, a for-
mer C.I.A. agent, lost his in Feb.
ruary, when the .Court ordered
him to turn~over-to the Govern-
mentall earnings from a book in
nw,.. a Lc }Na uayc.L alac agciaVy
as :.bungling the, evacuation of
.,; check for $116,658.15, to, Justice
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ARTICLE---~-~--
ON PAGE
,jack lWaury
On 'the op-ed page recently, Clayton'
Fritchey warned us of a 'frantic ne.
arms race" resulting' from the myth,
created by our militarists that the
.Soviet Union-has achieved military su;
periority. In the next paragraph, hen
cautioned against a "futile effort. to es.
tablish a superiority of our own," and
concluded that.there are "laws against;
shouting, `fire' * in a crowded theater,;.
but unfortunately there is no way of re-
straining panic-malting. shouts about:._
our national security.":`
Fritchey quotes several authorities,'in
eluding David Jones, chairman of: the:
Joint Chiefs of Staff, Defense Secretary:
Harold Brown; and Maxwell Taylor;.'for..
mer JCS chairman, in support of the con-:
tention that the' United States remains;'
militarily equal or superior to the Soviet,;
Union. But the military balance is'neverstatic The question is. not where we are.!;;;
but-where we are going. On this, hear. the';:
'recent words of those same witnesses: L,
Jones:"We have been living, off the
capital of previous investments while,
in.,:the.-:case'; of-:.the Soviets:-,"their..
momentum. will' allow- them to gala. an....
advantage- over the United States- in.
most of the statieindicators of strategic
forces bythe early 1980s. Moreover, be-
cause of the lead time in modern weap
ons' programs;;thisi: progressive shift in,
the strategic'balance will continue into;
the' latter part?of the1980s'~ (FY81-Mili
tary.PostureStatement). -
? Browm'The 1979 Soviet military of
fort was about '50' percent' larger than.
ogrown"'and has "a potential for strate
gic advantages if we fail-to respond with
:adequate programs"`(FY81~'Departnient..
ofDefenseAnnuaLReport) }
~, Taylor.' .. our armed forces uu~~the
aggregate are dangerously deficiel3t in'.
their.capability,to deter-.conflict :con-
du t sustained , combat- overseas, even:
'on*. limited scale or to provide the mill:.
Larbacking necessary to support :our..
foreign policy;: present or projected'
(The Post, letters; Aug. 3) cr y-:
:-There, are other witnesses .worth
'hearing on this .subject.. Gen."Edward;
,Meyer, chief of staff of theArmy, told a
THE WASHINGTON POST
18 August 1980
House subcommittee'on May 29 that,
except .for . our . , forward deployed
forces, we-. have a "hollow Army." At
the same hearing, Marine Commandant
Robert Barrow, when asked if.-he con
sidered the'FY81 budget-adequate, re-
plied. "in a.word, no." Speaking to the
Naval. War. CCollege on May -1, Adm.
Thomas Hayward, chief of naval opera-
tions,. reported that. the Soviet Navy
now has 800 first-line combatants to our
300, is building twice as many modern
surface combatants and four times as
many submarines as we are, and that
the new- Soviet ALFA :class sub-with
its titaniumhull and phenomenal speed
and. depth: capability-is far -beyond
anything wewould consider reasonable
or affordable. -And in considering the
significance of - this naval balance-or
imbalance-remember that the Soviet
Union,:unlike the United States and its
Free. World- allies,. is basically a land
.power, -Aargely- self-sufficient in re-
sources and. enjoying overland access
to its major alliesand trading partners..
4w,-Allen,, Air Force chief of staff,
-late last'year expressed. similar concern:
:"Most-ominous is the unrelenting expan-
sioa of Soviet'power,-which has allowed
them to achieve parity in strategic nu..
clear forces with the United States and
"threatens to provide military-advantage
to many areas of conflict'.
To be sure, there are, as Fritchey con-
*tends, alarmist and hysterical voices in
'defense debate, and the national in-
terest is ill served by leading either our
allies or our adversaries to. conclude
that, our military- establishment. is- in .
.worse shape than it is. But the authori-
ties I have quoted are.by nomeans irre
sponsible?, extremists,..,.They are: re-"
spected members of an administration
dedicated; to cooling off rather than
heating up the arms race: But they are
also occupants of responsible positions.
in which they have had unique access,
to the facts. and a,heavy,'obligation in.
-acting upon those facts.
- Fritchey also invokes the , judgment'
of former defense. secretary- Robert
McNamara, who warns: "To the extent'
that military expenditure severely re-
duces the-resources available for other-
essential sectors and social services
and fuels-a futile reactive arms race--
excessive=military.spending:ean erode
security rather than enhance it."
w This= is the. same McNamara who;
guided our course in Vietnam and who,
in 1964, had this to say to U.S. News &
World Report: "The Soviets have de.
cided that they have lost the quantita-
tive--race and they are not seeking to
engage us in that contest. It seems that
there. is no indication than the Soviets
are seeking. to develop a strategic nu-
clear force as large as our own."
Asto the effects of military spending.
on our economy, of which McNamara
warns,-it should be kept in mind that
during the Eisenhower administration
we were spending -twice as large. a
share of our gross national product on
defense as we do today and, in those.
years,' our economy grew vigorously
and inflation was, by present' stand.
ards, negligible. And when McNamara'
contends that- defense spending..is at.
the expense of social services, one is re-
minded of the words of the late British
air marshal, Sir John Slessor: "It is cus-
tomary. in democratic countries to de-
plore expenditures on-armaments-as,
conflicting with the requirements of so.
cial services. There is a tendency to for
get that the most important social sere
ice a government can do for its people
is to keep them alive and free:'
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Perhaps even .more important in 1
considering the relative defense bur- 1
'dens is the cost shouldered by the i
U.S.S.R. in defending against China.
The U.S. Defense Department says:
'_At least 22 percent of the increase
in the Soviet-defense budget during
these 13 years [1964-1977] has been
attributed to the buildup in the Far
East . The high - construction
costs in Siberia suggest that the in-
telligence estimates.may understate
the cost of the -Soviet buildup in the`
Far East substantially." Iii addition,
according to the Defense Depart-
ment, the Soviets. "station as. much
as 25 percent of their ground forces
and tactical -air power on their bor-
der with China." '
The Soviet .burden. of. defense
against China. comes more sharply. I
into focus when note is made of the
fact that the'Soyiets lave 44 divi-
lions facing China and 31 divisions
facing NATO. Of the 31 divisions in?
.Central Europe, four -are standing
guard in. Hungary and five have re-
mained in Czechoslovakia since the'
invasion of that country in 1968. In
other words, there are about twice as*
many.: divisions.. committed to the.
China front as to the..West.German?,
front..: :,:. =. _:...~...
Furthermore, the ' U.S. does not
have to match the Soviet forces fac-
. in 'China. Those forces' are at the
Q of a long and tenuous line of.
communication that can be severed,.,
in time _ of war, by missile strikes..
These are not .forces that can ?be.
readily transferred to combat inr as
European war. On the other hand, if ;
it is argued that. the .U.S. defense
budget should provide forces . to
counter the Soviet threat to China,
then the Chinese defense budget
should be included on our side - a
total of $35 billion.
The combined NATO .defense
budgets -are ?greater-than the com-
bined Soviet-Warsaw Pact defense
budgets, and if the China. factor is
included, the Soviet proportion of
defense facing the U.S. and its allies
is less than 75 percent of that of the
NATO powers:
These are -facts which Congress
should have before it when it weighs
the budget appropriation decisions
in the. next few weeks. The Soviets .I
have an ample defense budget, but.it
still does not equal its potential ad==.
versaries. The perception of Soviet
military superiority is .an illusion'
based, in large part,.on a misunder-
standing of the facts.:'; :
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CIA TELEVISION SERIES
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THE WASHINGTON POST MAGAZINE
17 August 1980
operations.
Now the project is back on track with
. at' least the tacit approval of the CIA
and active assistance from'the. Associa-
tion `of Former. Intelligence Officers. At
the helm is Thompson again, 'as well as
Gerald Ford's former jokewriter, Don
Penny -(left, in ..photo-on' left) .and Ed'
wa=d Anhalt.:(right, in same, photo), a
screenwriter whose credits.l.: include
"Beckett,'1."Panic in the Streets," "Man
.in the Glass Booth," :and :"QB-7."` The,
HOLL OOD PLOTSr
A Cl~ :TV SERIES
errs A?:SECOND: TRY
t ' inadvertently"reveal CIA methods and
three ~men are working on a two-hour
script for CBS and : 20th . Century : Fos
with an eye toward. a regular television
series that could 'do for the embattled
-CIA's image what "The FBI-- did for
`Edgar Hoover's fiefdom.
-"Basically we're ' doing entertain- {
ment," says Penny, who doesn't much {
like comparing his project, with the old
Efrem ;Zimbalist Jr.. series..-"We're . not
trying to whitewash.:We will dramatize
case officer's life as well as the lives of
-..-different ? people who - :work there-
:photo . analysts, cartography experts
.you're talking about a university.!
Those .people do' everything from -talk,
French to collect urine samples."
_Penny is careful tonote thatthe CIA:
not-granting any official.." assist-
ante, but it's clear tliat `the crew a
Langley :wouldn't mind some favorable
:. ink Y:these days. And : former CI:A : em-
-
ployes .have met to reminisce -with
writerAnhalt, -who-hopes :to= complete
the pilot script in .two~months:Pro-
posed names of the show: "CIA,". "The
Longest Warms' ore Puzzle Palace
.Once upon-a. 'time :-then-CIA: chief.Wil
liam : Colby met ;with television. pro-
ducer Larry: Thompson and-then-ABC
head-Fred' Silverman to'iay,the ground
work=for: a ;dramatic television series
based on CIAleaploits But;Colby's suc
' cessor;?- George Bushy vetoed the . idea
.because he-:feared=-:the =shows might
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DAYTON NEWS (OHIO)
6 August 1980
Between 1965 and 1974 on ABC, "The FBr fed us
Contrived tales of murder, bank robbery, kidnapping,,
dug smuggling, organized crime (never referred to as,
the-Mafia, of course) and communist espionage. Thosel
were the old reliable cops-'n'-robbers staples that th
FBI' built its reputation on In the 1920s and '30s, an
'
sO
Hoover & Co. insisted that the TV series adhere
Whitewas
'o +tales are on the Wa
i. ,Remember how `"The FBI," the ABC Sunday. night
Iaw-aad-order program, glorified the exploits of J.
Edgar Hoover's boys? It was the phoniest cop show on
television, and for nine years it ranked as the biggest
weapon in the real FBrs propaganda arsenal.
Well;?a similar whitewash could hit the air on CBS
sometlme.? In 1981. It would be called "The CIA"
and yes, the.weekly program would tell us about that
sviell bunch of courageous patriots and freedom fight
era who populate our beloved Central Intelligence Ag-
v':'_,Ptow~ that our, nation seems to be: tilting to the
rigbrpoliticauy, the CBS bosses are anxious to try to
develop `a show that would pander. to that dominant
eyes of Official Washington, especially if Ronald Res-
1.5 gets elected and brings. his 20-mule team into the
Wliite-House. , ~ ? , ::. _ ~ _ - ,? _ ;
~fi eery Thompson, executive, producer of the
Propos "CIA" program, admitted'. that America'
neo-conservatism- and "anti-foreign" attitude'hav
Mi. h=to. do with the creation of the TV series
"Ideally-we'd like to show that the people in the CIA
are American citizens with families and a Job; to. do,:
AWM said
; . Advice" from former agen
,{ personal choice of the late. FBI director-J: Edg
^ Me-l"er explained that-the ttctional series
vd0uld' getY"technlal assistance and advice" from the
A'lociation of Former Intelligence Officers;: an outfi'
eorttpiI_largely of ex-CIA agents.
,;.TW!'-rme; that sounds dangerously close to the
co
- between produce-Quinn Martin and top officials
o the.;FBI,, a relationship that. resulted for nearly
iftade in -tbe most censored. and`. propagandists
w ekly series in T.V. history-A~.t Martin allowed FBI officials to screen all scrip ,.
fo7.-'-the FBI,' to dictate changes and : to .veto stn
Via' Ia addition, he hired only actors and'screenwrit
who were "politically acceptable" to the FBI. In
d ?Efrem Zimbalist Jr., the star of the show,, w
Meanwhile, the FBI-rejected scripts dealing witi
84:ii hts; wiretapping, anti-war protests, draft
afsttrs;-police brutality, corporate anti-trust violatio
a?n:d4nything else remotely connected with
.controversial issues of socio-political import.
a image -a9 ca l#ro led-_
Andsowith Quinn Martin as a willing dupe, the
FBI distorted Its own image and blue-penciled all
stories in which the FBI appeared to be anything less
.than a well-oiled machine virtually incapable of mal-
function....
I ICs disgustingly clear that the potential CBS series
I :about the CIA Is headed in that same JJingoistic direc-
I
"America's moving to the right," said Scott Sle-
glee, a CBS vice president based in Los Angeles. "No
matter who's president, the people want-.the United
`States to protect its interests abroad. The time is right
~? It isn't hard to read between those lines. In a bid to
w ..6aJssa. Y p-
j nIans and other foreign people;. CBS plans to ensure
?tllattthe CIA comes off as a wonderful outfit fighting
that never-ending battle for truth, justice and the
~aAnferkxn'way ,
So don't expect any true-life episodes about how
the CIA. has assassinated foreign leaders, propped up