OSS - FOREIGN NATIONALITIES BRANCH/HANDBOOK ON FOREIGN NATIONALITY GROUPS IN THE U.S./REPORTS PRODUCED BY THE FOREIGN NATIONALITIES BRANCH , 1945

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: OSS Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 99
• Document Creation Date: November 3, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 13, 2013
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: August 27, 1943
• Content Type: MISC

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VOU14 ilealre to reset** copies or tio mattptsa tor
trammaiestom to martian miselons *WNW,
am asking the ftweign Itstticouallitl** Yarm4r1
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material direetly to the ?Mee of Sear Vast-cm *A
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'nth tioforoses lird illortay letiovir1 mot Aiiiipt
torAssi'Ime1 Desinislp asking that the Orris. it goat. leationi tat
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art Dallas* by yes as Asti*. Dirosteel
as pleased to lows free yew le%
of 15 Noy 1944 that yea Mg mastal tiro reports
and esneramie at the NMI. Nattecolittoo
Damask preseatly boles prodded to ywot sad I
set* that the 'Daportarat *old desire to
*opts* of Ali matorial for traloselsolosa to scrub,
missions abroad.
on asking the Terolge Notiesslitiant Irsoin
to supply the neoessory eliabor it coplea of i
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/13: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
Mr. DeWitt 0. Poole, Director
Foreign Nationalities Vranoh
Secretariat
n4vg Lo; M*1 L444
Reports of Foreign NatIonsilitits
I *me attaching hereto acopy of Lotter el,lottlrod
from Wallace Murray or the StAtik Dttpartmfmt raspecttl
your reports. You previously prepared * drart )C
reply to a similar inquiry by James Dunn Alder ;late Jr
25 April. It wotald appear appropriate to repLy In t-rmo
similar fashion to X Murrars raquese.
_-2o,ttnez,ly
it
Azststaat >lot%
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/13: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/13: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
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DIEPAPtliMeNT Off STATK
WAdiNihitittlyt
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My dear Oeneral Donovan: Vny i5t Al
The reports and akamoraritk of VA* Fortflez ItetlemnitS144*
BratiOhr of th* Office or Stralsolo Sortie** *ram at* tsrealg
,prOirided us continue to ** at Intertit mkt useit tout aotttrirotrao
to the information and underatezding our otrioars itatto lelt&
regard to particular political situations.
While X am told that *OriiiiL of these, reporta
the Offioe of Strategic Service* roach slog* ot our Up dw
natio missions in the Near lestern aro* 4-14sotly* I INI$A
to suggest, sifter ooneultstiat with the able* of the
various component divisions withia the structure of tAft
Off ,ice of Near Zestern and Arriciat Afla1ris that stepa 64
taken if convenient, for the Por*Iin NationAlities ftstnim,
of OSibto provide this office regularly with pertizent re-
ports end studles for distributiot throuilh the Departmtrav*
Pouch to the following foreigA poste under its gomexel putls
,dictio31. X believe this would obviate the necemtty or mA7
-er distribution to the Departmwatfis oftitera wittln those
Y3 ,aaw
Aiteriesui
Anortean
Ammricet
AmariOAA
American
Amerloan
Ameriean
Amerioan
Axerioika
Asterioan
kaerioan
Anariaan
1110***7, Arikazit
Consulate General,' Istanbul
Legation, Cairo
Impatiens tetra
Legation, ramascus
Legation, Seudl Arabia
Legation, Begh4ed
Consulate General* Atrusel.
Mission, Nay Delhi
Legation, Tehran
Legation, Kabul
Legations %%lacier
Sincerely yours tot
Wallace 1Aurrk7
Director
Office of Wear Eastern *ad At:0mm Arcidats
gidier General William Z. Donovan
rector, Office of Strategic S;rvice,?
Waslington? D. O.
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/13: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
Colonel G. Bdward 1311)thOn
Aesistent Director or StrAteo:In !Irtrttla
Vogarding U10 letter addrtsatd to flonorql Vonovwel
the State Departmont on 21 April 1044, n oop7 tt
through Mr. Bane, I suggest that y61.1 roply tt) npq rAmlet
Dear Mr. Dunn:
I am pleased to learn from your ltttt)-r or 21
repo. t3 mnd memoranda or chig E0.*
nd I noto that thw Dooattmoltnt
would desire to receive copies ot thit mutterial r6r trio,tvmtt,01
to certain misnions abroad.
am asking the Voreign Nationtalttelt Vvanch ?E:171 7
necessary number of copics of Its materint iltro-fttL7
Of Europenn Afrairn. since your it tnctw-loqt ;tr.
the American Embassy at London, who has bo4n rocti
Alirettly from OSS, our direct dlvtrlbution to hlm
e copy of Dunn's letter rurnished 47 Buw 1$ Attaohod.
DeWitt C. Poo1.0
Director
Foreign lUtIon6litles 4ranch
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/13: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/13: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
Colonel G. Bdward 1311)thOn
Aesistent Director or StrAteo:In !Irtrttla
Vogarding U10 letter addrtsatd to flonorql Vonovwel
the State Departmont on 21 April 1044, n oop7 tt
through Mr. Bane, I suggest that y61.1 roply tt) npq rAmlet
Dear Mr. Dunn:
I am pleased to learn from your ltttt)-r or 21
repo. t3 mnd memoranda or chig E0.*
nd I noto that thw Dooattmoltnt
would desire to receive copies ot thit mutterial r6r trio,tvmtt,01
to certain misnions abroad.
am asking the Voreign Nationtalttelt Vvanch ?E:171 7
necessary number of copics of Its materint iltro-fttL7
Of Europenn Afrairn. since your it tnctw-loqt ;tr.
the American Embassy at London, who has bo4n rocti
Alirettly from OSS, our direct dlvtrlbution to hlm
e copy of Dunn's letter rurnished 47 Buw 1$ Attaohod.
DeWitt C. Poo1.0
Director
Foreign lUtIon6litles 4ranch
.
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IT. .
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/13: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/13: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
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My tear General Doom**
The report* and asociande 0 the foreiga
Sitionalities Braneb Of tbe Office Of Strottegio
Servioes which ere being provided us sontiftw*
be of interest and use *ad eentribste to Me latter
nation sad understanding oar Wiser, Wm* elth te,w
gamed to particular political situatious4
While I as told that. mortals Of those report*
frost the Office of Strate/is Services teeth ease of
our diplomatic missions is the Suropean area dIriscti7-
I wish to suggest, after consultation 'vitt the ChAers
of the various component divisicvs within Che *truatmr*,
of Mk that steps be takes, if convenient, for Ulle
Foreign Nationalities Brunah of OSS to provide TWA
regnle.r* with pertinent reports and studio-a for
distribution through the Departsentte pouch to tIxe
following foreign poets under the general :mrisdletlon
of 'the Office of WUropean Affairs* 1 believe this
1
,X1Z
?
molt ? _ ,r
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3
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"
1
obvist? th.SIMI Holly of say *tact dilitifittowitiolit
Dopartsmostte offisoro %too. airosiit
Ameriesti
Amorlust
Arsorisaa, Cosa*late aoserido11110, (.1?
Aa.1us Cosistaiit* orsiat AliMoe (tor
Iftitod PAU. 1140froust4ttaiiii 116.
Coma*Soo oil llotillood :14114kriolloalS
Arias* COmmtlat. Ci4osareis AUtokrefpilta
V1:t:4 Stat.* Covinistl
for :lily:),
Amoriedis'Irnettio.** Nitro tt.v Ambies-modoir
aitoltos40)
ineriosa lialbaser U1044116)
herridan bibsamo. Lotaikla Sitilomerta4)!:
haerioan ;Oilatiess, Steelidsolai
Ameriaan Ottawa;
American ailbaseyi liovoove?
44.1
_
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h4aPrVil,'"42.1!'?11-2b4,A-4.1V:,7`t-- ? ?
f) 4NpArio sftt:ill 1/ptrr,t1.ft.til-,y,k
which puts Hailfaxfs sooeoll izwool'. moontl o
1.!,)iqfb
wo'kAnd quotop all the esseztied '?-arts r h ,
was supplied to me by the Prit tsh Setez_trity Cooretna
-tienty-five eopios at this trtentorAnv7,7:uto
I am not makinF, any distribution 'myself. Tr
you to have value you nay cr obatte) tl.to
around to the aopropriato persons*
In makin; this gratuitous oontritztton, '?07?
duplieating,work which has alreatvbteal dorte7
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4:f
..akAng InTonoto 4:mu**. 1944 art t thwtort
.:100th niverienr Gt th* TOtoixt* Soitrd edr Moe*, thet
British fitabsitiador .to the Weed ittetelts tflifieoutd Mal
wrote a 'altatand: eilotot lb the oar kiciok of Itt3t1gle ParwIgiA
pallor vhioi Field itarehia tioats opertad 25. '.alattoyitbrit 1543
with a apeeeil bertore the ipq Parliation aty AgscvlAt?lori
in Londoo,N40
.?, , ? The toprontonwttt .4
oesent
? - rosponsep taitorable end lutravorable# oat out Cron
-identiaia Itioughto This beggrating, plata olus
jstaie0 tvitautaz At Toronto *Ati a ottaxecterUtic dir
-10844 and oloptioitr* "Today vs begin to look bloyond mot
to the reordering or thesaId0 'ii world which ausit foIlow" Ao
see three great powers) the UnItiod St.o4
AUssia and China% groat in numberal *X!*** and, natural r
soOrcei,4 $ide by side. with them ix the UnItArd Ittingdcm
with e 'population of less than 504000400 with * territory
which could easily be contained lit one of the lArt*r
'States or the American Union and with, n^turol resowtos,
*The full text ot the Smuts spesoh
montaryi was circulated in OSSHon
1943, as Pil ?halbert 8.82.
SECRET
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-
'
_rith4cihOhough4reat :in prtiportitmt .her slt
b4tJ:
ialscaperelt\doopirabl* with tilorw. hor iaboiwilm#
1 4
thigi company or these ritttnat? RaIlraI owl4iroxerf,
"Britaiho apart from the rest of' the CommonmoalthrtdTm-
ire) 'amid hardly claim *041 pertnership. Atono tho,
less likel that l when the war Is ended) Wester Zuetvol
never before, mill look to her to: leolervhIp trAWAA4
,She has been the one inviolate forttva of fV-pwrian In tho
rest. Once *gain fur p*
half* athaset khoir 411Atritt114
virtuela
',They have disclosed unsuspectud tRSOVVOS or- #trIp-
INchwill be asked of them*''
' net," Baliffix proceeded w
they will issuredlv emerge from
co Mem. and feel rightly proud of theoir tahlov#10"An
the wXlcertainly be poortro They v1Il hato dritmn
*kin ,teir' manpower And resources4 They ill huto vport
their accumulated capital without stint- xr; In tto ruturv
Britain is to play her part without 4SSWA slid= vip%tvc:-
_than she can support, she must have with her ln _pt.tico, the
IV
MEI ;arum; t **141
war w1-11 t nom .tpqt-
:?4;
- ? '-"1,25a?
?"-'
,same strength that has sustained her in this iu ;ctlat
Great Britain only, but the British Commonvotlth and Mm0
- must ,be the fourth power in that group upon which* =dor
Providence, the peace of the world Trill henceforth depend,
There, Summed up in a sentence is the need a Ise*
* * *
SECR
--
-
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M1
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14-4 ? VV
V
.1,?S 41!
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,???
NOmber S.437
allisemisegamesoun
,U4Py ;!9-414,
fttftwtletem
V* main emphasis In the Omott appeoht WIil tn-
rOMOMber0d, *as the hoed for tightcnIr4 MI-411Mo hv4,4/40$161,
Great Britain and th* vit-Itttri gttropft6 oqqatzleA, rYtt
WW1 tho point which ktouaed a* lit/41 4 viltiwaim thltrugh-
out Europe and the world, It is Aot Ltvo411hLe ilhAt vhot
Smuts said ham had some part LI% thep motiv440n of tYult
vigorous foreign policy *Lila. 0441.14nt#4 at Now7r4w.
In contrast to Smutstz omphgula on Euxopoo and Ingx114-
tion or further decentrzolizaWLon Ift tho ItmpLroi tho prime
emphasis in Halifax's speAcch, approprlatolla t0 Lt13 -,c-
caiv2cint was upon tightening thit, tarlro Ir ttm Rrtt'th
entity was to have something Like cvluai relstgAt among t114
postftwar Bic Four, he argued, thi, memb*rv tA, arLt'Isth
COMMOAVOilith must be brought Into clov4T worklAte %Alan
Halifax reminded his Canadian aqdlence, and to mern.1
audience of the Dominions, that, whon an 3 Sopclomtcor t939
Great Britain declared war Ort GettAny, Atutrtata 4nd aww
Zealand declared war on the 4wme day, arc! South ArrIc4
Canada folloved a few days later, A vIzItox rrval Julotaw:
Planet might wander, he ft:larked, "what p?441ble intorloati
the 'Polish Corridor could have for a Canadiant or Dtrultj
for an Australian, or the western rroatlftr or Poland tor '
a South Africano"
1Z-4.4-4
"The Dominions," he proceeded, "had not been partlits
to the Treaty oi Guarantee to Poland which *a the
?
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,
1-44tIti
34
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o
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4 4
4! 4 ? 41
.4Z4'
4.4t
147;-4
,
s'
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Declassified and Approved For Release 3/09/13: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
44MMarirrew.nrge.4.-_, A:t1,run,rtignov14,t4_,.. ? ,
enWit," 0:
The main emphas14 in th4o Smuts gp4w11* tt *III tim
remembered, wail the need for tIghtening
?root Britain and the t4)storn ftropeArt Thmar,
W40 the point which Arauaod lo liv*ly a rea4tton thAlugh_
out &Imps and the world, It I# no4 ImpOs411510 that
Smuts naid has had some part In the mattuAttan k77'
vigorous foreign policy since manifested' 4t
In contrast to Smutsla emphalia on tUroptl 4r41,
tion or further decentralizatton In ths Zmpiro, the pr%mv
emphasis in Halifax's speech, appropriately to It4 oc-
casion, was upon tightiming tho Emrirv. tho 8:11tft
entity was to have something Ilict wttght among Me
pont-war Big Four he argued, tho mimbers C the 3I'Ltt
Commonwealth must be brought Into ck0;or wo
Halifax reminded his Canadian audience, and
audience of the Dominians, that, when on 3
Great Britain declared war on Germany AmItzmit4 itnd
Zealand declared war on the samo day, and z;futh AfvlcA
Canada followed a few days later, A vialtor Cr= %none::
planet might wonder, he renarked, "what po3.11blv Lntv:10Ic
the Polish Corridor could have for a Canadian, or ro4n4'4
Cor an Australian, or the western frontier of C
"The Dominions," he proceeded, '1h ot been
to the Treaty or Guarantee to Poland which vas the
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-
IMMOdlikte Caw*cif tireat britaiatis a tIon.
maven in no danger ,or fliren
but had not boon regponalbio
Great Brltaine"
:nth theft word iirj laad btio4 t Itok
probliO which by his speech he has ono* moft
! lad
1'404k/hod f-J
t attoot,,
rtthe romign, poi
I:kw-members of tho-Dritith Commonwealtk. It Iv Me p.
lem 0 a direct and oxpliolt sharing by the DomInl,)ms It
'the dap?to-day retponsibility?for foreign pollo7 ftnd
,
. J
a corollary thereto the current marmgoMont 0- .mpf.;k4Lilk
,
defensto
, .
t.,
J*Ilfax did not mention at Toronto th4t d11$ vvry
? Trotaeit had boon presented to th* First tmporlal conr%;rigr
, 1
in 191i? !the Prime Minister of Nov, Zealand} Slr Joz:$zprt W,A710
then submitted a poposal for a new govtrung body In ..h,'
Empire, which he called varloualy 411 Impflrial Coun-cU, 14'
State and an Imperial Parliament of Defence, cittriudei 4rla
Australia had at that time begun to conatruct nav1m.4.. or
their own. Ward was alarmed by the threat impIted W tho
He sought to point up 4n4i c19.At47-;7
in some one body, representing the Dominions alonz with thio
United Kingdom, "exclusive control over th?e Empire as
'whole in all questions involving peace or tar.' '/Peace
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/13: TA CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8 ? _ :.,t
- ? e ' - ?? - "'
- ' ?
4 , -
ligtbdtCitra
1
and wer treaties and fortIgn relAticmg gonovalIr aftAtt
Imperial Defence were to oome withIn Le* paritlew4
The reception atmordeel Ward's prtposia by
sentatives of the 'United Kingdom And ar tho DomdAltiA1 oOktr
than New Zealimid does not aorta favorably far th* sueoltwis4
of the suggestion* bithiir4m nes o_ rortfd at Tortn-to
Nor does the recent aotion or Australla haatoting Lap
ly int pea 4 arrangements elth New mialatnd ror dts,r4
the Pacific, mitlgate the impresslon that Ulm Doguraz;na July
now be even more conscious of their individual posIt1=s
than they wore a generation ago
It ,became clear enough in 1121 that :At om1111044.
mounting spirit of self-.conticious Indepqn L440 did floP,
operate to induce their Governmonts to seek conatoarl aad
full participation in policy-making ikt. Landon htt an ne
contrary to hold back from any such rInning and aomplet4
commitment; and the resistance with the, gallfax apomct at
once called forth In Canada last aonth is belloved to b.,
essentially indistinguishable from the spirit ar "tvol4
ism," Xt Is the same really as that underatand4bItt tmn-
servatism and caution which kopt the UnittNd StAcel&t La L9.11
from formaI participation in the 'League or Nations rhe
Canadian revulsion against the Halifax speech prese-%ts
IrlirtrriTaations in this paper, e?xcept those rrom Lord
Halifax's speech, for rhich the text or the BritisA
Lrt
formation Services was used are from A,139 Keith.
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1
itOelf 40 COO aaVanCe sampi6 e the 00-puIar vrisportiol whioh
may possibly be hoard in Canada alld marally Ln amtet
proposals after this liar fo ologer internatioAa1 vig4A144-
tions
Speaking at the 1911 Conflmenee for Zhof flAimn or 5611T811
Africa, General Rotha RAVI or 'lift wor4 prapoW. vl
asked myG.ir whether thig PriDpossioe.is P13est1444
,:
e.c... .. _t- ? s ::4 ;
, ,
-..
-
ki. , -"" -?-*.-..,,V.
t..-A.-.. ? ,:,..... .'31;
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-. i* " '-if ...--0.-:7?.?7`
.
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-P&-" '''
-V- --:t;64----?--1
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4-
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.4.1.,
No one tan feel more thap I do, that *a often aa trw4
Government has to deal with mattora rhich may Arre!.
particular part of the Empirce, it is ellontl*I Mat Ishts
particular Dominion concerned should him; ua oppot-tttnIty
being hoard and or expressing its vatom_ Afttkr tlkm mo4t
careful consideration, howevor, E have coo* to OW conoLi-
sion that this object cannot satisr*ctorily be 4ttAlrod
through an Imperial Council mach propotod In tras rvgoLa-
tion, Row is such a Council to be aPplantoor who wIll
decide what matters must come before it? What wathort
to be vested in it? To that re?prosentativy body Is .uthern
Council to be responsible? These are only 44 roo of t
questions which crop up immodiate1y and it skrtols to alt
that no satisfactory reply can be given to Mem. 1r mny
real authority is to b, vested in such an Imperial C11
I feel convinced that the self-governing powers or the
various parts of the Empire must necessarily be eAcroachod
upon, and that would be a proposition which X an certain no
Parliament in any part of the Empire will entertain for one
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-,..*tha apprehended tht Werd,04 0- - meott
ot sem# btody tfl ?t 044 deamitAed #t%
.,,-...,,
o-is _ate, would be le sttp entire 41,tggaioleststa to' Nritif
, .
li-e---' of 1144. t 41sittin which, hes often * rticid#4*/fttEl ta
4iY.-iiii . ithtiiki. haa tilidOlAbt01417 Oilid0' OM! tie;AV ' whto OS
?,, .
. _
ii: Sy; it ?tithe policy dot dedentrallsat:ton
.,..
is?
mode the Empire the rower grantedt, It& v4rtous osotle
k
to' goyern themselves. It Is the i'ert zoevell##
have enjoyed and enjoy under the British 0 whtt'a*1 '644
bound them to the Mother Country* That ir the strollp:#
tie between the Mother Country and the Daminio-neo and t
*tare that any scheme which does AO t :Way recognIst tht
, could only brins disappotntment and cittanultimmtordt. I
-I, fear that the premature creation or suah Ittri r3iport t (:aultett
u le augested would rathiftv than brIng tho (Itrro'rw
. ?
connexion oneroua un 0 unnleatant to tho Domtaltomo."
it is interostint, to romtmuer thut during th?* Soo
Botha was the commandinei gensTal of Jan saatta? t) Y# Ftic
Marebal Smuts, then the loader, aged bartly 3O of tht t
regular Boer force3 whith 000rated agatn.lt tho Rottsh tt
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the Coo Ce4Ony4 and that until hia death in 1919 Acitpt4
remained Omutsfs politioal old* and mOntot* hia rei,9411ftd
and ever trusted sonloro
1
The unreadinese of Both& and othor Domintm lfladern
1911 to accept full partIcipstion la what W34 nr4r11 Alrow*
euphoniously reerrod to an "Implre dertm4 and trio -Tv.14.;,
unreadiness of London to have them do so* poky be CU itot4
clearly understo44 if we recall that iA th* conc
tion the strategy of navel power oannot be dlotetzlim, 41%1
use the word iletewal,u the Admiralty asavrtod LA 4 MsttarAn.-
dun to the Colonial Conference or 1902, "ronld be 111,g1Ptact
ing, because the word carries with It the idv4 or a. MAK
be defended, Which would divert atterttlort to 1cmal d
Instead of fixing it on the force rr VLch tttack: iv. to
expected"
?The traditional role of the Bri ish till/ Admi-
ralty proceeded, "is not to act on the detelnaive, tV to
prepare to attack the rorce which threatens Lncther
'fiords, to assume the offennive On one occastort B .land
departed from her traditional policy, and, acting oA thQ
defensive, kept her ships in harbour unrigged and ummanne..:!,
with the result that the Dutch fleet sailed up the Medway
11"
-
.
g ? 44.
' 4411
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the Coo Ce4Ony4 and that until hia death in 1919 Acitpt4
remained Omutsfs politioal old* and mOntot* hia rei,9411ftd
and ever trusted sonloro
1
The unreadinese of Both& and othor Domintm lfladern
1911 to accept full partIcipstion la what W34 nr4r11 Alrow*
euphoniously reerrod to an "Implre dertm4 and trio -Tv.14.;,
unreadiness of London to have them do so* poky be CU itot4
clearly understo44 if we recall that iA th* conc
tion the strategy of navel power oannot be dlotetzlim, 41%1
use the word iletewal,u the Admiralty asavrtod LA 4 MsttarAn.-
dun to the Colonial Conference or 1902, "ronld be 111,g1Ptact
ing, because the word carries with It the idv4 or a. MAK
be defended, Which would divert atterttlort to 1cmal d
Instead of fixing it on the force rr VLch tttack: iv. to
expected"
?The traditional role of the Bri ish till/ Admi-
ralty proceeded, "is not to act on the detelnaive, tV to
prepare to attack the rorce which threatens Lncther
'fiords, to assume the offennive On one occastort B .land
departed from her traditional policy, and, acting oA thQ
defensive, kept her ships in harbour unrigged and ummanne..:!,
with the result that the Dutch fleet sailed up the Medway
11"
-
.
g ? 44.
' 4411
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;-b : 41.4 b'
44
,
WUmber 8.87
4,1 0 AP
I
V.1,4
,77?.?
OrtuaT7 04
The final firm rejoceion by thtft Impert&I (;onf#1,P414q, LA
1911 of Sir Joseph Ward's Imperial, karilAmont of. D4t0
pronounced by the Prime Minister P jKIngd0o? mr,
riae;-
AsqUith "Oir Joseph Ward," naid Asclultho 't.tA 4 sptifmvA
the ability and Lnteroa t or tthi tti ittoknov c$:
must and undoubtedly did represent the) exPoluitturm
deal of time and thought, has presented 4-g rrt tet 4 concrigno
trowl.
proposition, but it is P., proposition which net a .lingt'
representative or any of the other aominlano4 nor **
representing for the tire being the Impertal Govommont
could possibly assent to Per what does ,;.1r 4,411sph w4td,
proposal come to? I might describe the orroot tt
out going into details In a couple of sentencos. Tt wmaa
impair if not altogether destroy the authority 0C the zats,rn-
ment of the United Kingdom in st401 gravy matter4
duct of foreign policy, the conclusion' of treatio=Jp t,e10
th
ar and, indeed, all those relations with ;Foreign e
declaration and maintenance of peace, or the
W dpclura::::
necessarily of the most delicate charaettr) are no'
tr
the hands of the Imperial Government, subjoct to Its ro:lponzt
4'6
bility to the Imperial Parliament. Mat authority cannot be
shared, and the co-existence vide by side with the Cabinet
of the United Kingdom of this proposed body -- it does net
matter by that name you call it for the momont clothed
Rrtim7"7:mr!"!TrIT1174r47
1;:,,?44 ?
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it
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*kip,
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ptei, ?'-? 1?; 4r,,kre?
,
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c?,,! 414
_
:
t
_
,r
,
'ct?
241'
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"
?
with the functionm and the jurtsdiction whit7A Sir Jo
Vard proposed to invest it with, would? T4dgmeot
be absolutely fatal to our present systvm or resvoulable
all have for the skill and ability wit whichtr
Ward has presented his case, and a great deal or sympftthy
with many of the objects he h*s In view, thlnk ve mwt
agree,"
M. Asquith concluded that on it merits his
proposal is not a practical one, and that vet% 1r It V4V91;
so, even if it could be shown to be so the t'et thott
not only does not receive the unanimous consent or aa,
,representativos of the Domialons, but is repudiatod tilem
all macept Sir Joseph Ward hlmsolf, Is for the purpoI,I C
this Conference a fatal and, indeed an lnsupt able) o j
The repudiation by the 1911 Conterence or blar Jph
lWard's project set the general direction of stat4equent
Imperial development. The Imperial War Cabinet of 1914.-
1918 gave way to the British Empire Peace Delegation at
Paris, rherein each Dominion W113 accorded distinct status;
and, aa Halifax asserted at Toronto, the 1931 Statute ot
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yobroarY 044
Westminster vas really a Ofxolaration of frItImpondfq1414, r
loosened up the COmmotteatP An I left thc OtolAlonn rr000
let it be remarked again, of responstMlity rov rirLnthg
general course of British diplometle Afid m1111617 p..)11o7
and so relatively without the hurden or thog4 Oottor4to
worries which beset the officials In WWohall Tdth /ow'
ins perplexity and weight thVoUghuot the 1930'4.
It was true, an Halifax mulled at TorktritG, tzle.
Dominions had been "kept regnlarly Wormed A* oliono.v
been in constant conSultation# But the dapitowday r;ontr.),1
of policy had been in the hands or * gini.gter ftcam t'.1a#D7 had
not anointed, and who van responsible to A Parilamant 111
which they were not represented.. In fact as vmal 4a ta
theory, they tore entirely uncommItted. The bgla
this reality is that tire pursued, and still pui
a policy of abstention and nioutraiity?q
lben,however, the fatal Isvue or war And poacto nrcxto
before them, Halifag recounted vith b000mtng prtdflo "not
only did the groat Dantnions tnter the war ritho
tion; they showed at once that theirs was
cence in a situation which, tho-ach disagreeable In Mu
extreme, could by no means be avoided. They realized tha.
Great Britain was the first line of their ovn defense. 111.7
immediately threw all that they Mad Ln mon, moniF,y
It-I:I .5
.t1L-I?C_ ?
14."0.-12r1
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_
saterial, into the strugglal They hold noalng boolk4 and tm
the summer of 1940, vhen Britain facod th* Fr4b4billty
vasion and the possibility of conoett they worst tkelltlering
in their rapport*"
Halifax proceeded: "Even now I find It hard to vot
to vords all that this has meant to 0i. r qm not thinking
only of the actual physical 1'5a:tat/knee, groat al that tiv
*doh has come and in coming to ut from avertta3, to not
even thinking only of your valiant airmen, who rouKht 15*aled
ours in the battle of Britain; or of the hmiltrallatat Vow
Zealanders and South ArritMAS, mho halpod to turm dereat
to victory in the Ulddle East and to conquer a treat empir69
in Africa; or of those stoat-hearted troop* you had tont
over months before, and continually rolnforcodl to 5trtvagthorl
perilously weak defense; or or the Roy*1 CAnAdima Uwwy 0A Lta
sleepless vigil in the North Atlantic.
"1 am thinlang also of the 11011441 of coarndzahlp yvu gmm,
Mien the history or thou Nacre daya writtert I do
not doubt that the unshaken staunchness ot the Oommonwoalth
will be recognized as a decisive factor 1r ancil again
Britain was 'a bulrark for the cause at man,' it was because
when the storm. broke she waa so stoutly buttressed, And had
Britain not been able to stand firm then, where would tedar be
""sw- ? '145. "&!'144,a-0.;.?
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1043)11114#-4i 044
-
tho United Nations, or where tomorrav Mut oertetray of vla
tory, or IA the fliturel hope ot security and po4o#W
ontinueds "80 much is surely imootestsbier t beciimpl zit
is incontestable, there is s raid danger that with thIa 4x4*
porionoe before our oyes, we may be troptiird to contlade that
all is tor the best in our affairs. Whyl It may bq #41;
should we tower with *chat has so stoutly mot tte Item
challenge of these timaso I think TA) should p*vot Worts
acoipt that argument an final."
Halifax reminded hia audience that dt tho Mmptre';
century-long transmutation into Commonwealth, runnIng;
Lord Durham's cletsic report of 1838 to the Sta4uto ot
restminster of 1931, "the whole trend of devolopmont La th
Dominions was towards etpality of statua.4
now emphasized, "there was hardly an equivAlont *rrort to-
'Ards seouring what 1 would call equality of rtutctian.
that 1 mean that while the Statute of 17estrainstor azsursod to
each and every Dominion complete nelf-governmeAt, It pertreig
lert =Sol ye d tho more ohs t 1,1101 OCN prublow ritting La
fields of foreign policy and defense*"
4
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?
_
I
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Halifax wont ant "Th t oativalal UnIty of Mot Commono.
Wealth of courso owes much to the qxlatenolt of * ommon
Head, at once the living representative of MI wholo 36ntoti
1;efore the world, and the embodiment of hiatarl *Ad, trwtt-
tion in which all parts of tho Commonwoalth may root
solves to hove equal share) and pride,
llowaki wow* also at one in stolnig how dIrvott tho 04441
philosophy at at the roots of our whole way or lire *Ad how
irreconcilable therefore WAS the difforenc# betwotri th* R4444
and ourselves. We do not always reflect that watt, beilor LAI
the vela* we have 14asmod 10
attach to human personality; or remember that the printigaA
source or thin reverence for personality has been th* Ittgo
long emphasis or Christian teach. upon the, eternal, worth
of each human soul. We have not slay* Own taloa*, trilAg4
much thought, and too often have boort collt4mt to qport
the accumulated capital of the past, Uut an tho day
realized how near we were to losing this inherttAnc4, mm
awoke to a new sense of what it meant,
"That was true of Britain* It was equ41ly
Great Dominions, But when this has been said, it
mi
fact that, much as the unity of the Commonwealth, ormd to *
common Head and a common thought upon the things, that matter
most, it found little expression. in outward rorm,f*
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' ,"The.riatt Or pitdh triOppor'tO-Oet rattle 1::,,
- T
Ifolii,
-sfriiira May iitean a gain or lt-hY MP4ft 4 16g4W
, :y
:tlnuedi wit is pla.Anlyft 1,ons-lt, wIth it/Lir elAtNaltlal 4111.%r
? , ,
f,i4eal, the retvon8lbillty 4f-dation W4.1,*h. Oorelt4
i
'that unity In not visibly Mated*, ,a11.0 It In an: tolm#F444?,-
. ,
able,galt lf on vita lonutsF rye cao aohlevo e,
!_?....,
,
polidy iipvisnedno4-11t4 vinag volda 64t by
. Th,_ ?,
,
ii
"?o, :to,, 1 r?tho ruad or etic
tr
,-:indlleriiIU?1,i4sponsItfility4 there mutt also, 15# 4 Ltnaty f
: poltcy.0 1.suigest that in the ars- or ptace It
d.'
fleas) .ich ve, should try' to our*, that the vtight ole
:-'-?slon on many Ool4ems of defense was not more 1#1017 $.46trotL.,
..,, "That in, taap All tht Dominions mave ono ort41,,Izod tho w41"
,with us is not auftlolocit antwer. No is tho rsmt that /;.:p
I a ,
have made total 'war effort: which matehot thot tliC ti'w trttr
. , .
.L!
KingdorC For we must; rightly conaorn ourselves-not
. ,
with what happens when war has come. but wit.h. vhat La t7t4t4.r,.,
..
:
we can do to prevent it coming*w*4
, v
I ' , sp
-"I eak' frankly, as I blow you Tio-taa two) rail? tr.e,k .
, - .
,
-'- - ,Stiptember 3rd, 19391 the Dominions rtre raced vilt ft dilemma
of which the-who2e world was aware. Either they mst
_
i 'a policy which they had had only partial share in framing, or
they must stand aside and see the unity of the Commaturvalth
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/13: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
broken, whip* totally end for tetrt 41,4 011-4 takit Www
long to _choose, and witth on* F13604244 they Mot# w4t,
"Alt the dlleraria *Al ttAiref frItiVilIC fteletorrott 4,44
in twenty41v. years, it may or Victirt. Molt 14 MAI' p-reInt
at Mich equality or function lega. behiAd 4rivaiIty oft 4W*414V
The Dominions aro free --
path; but every tims there Is a cr181$ In tntornati*AaI az.
reirst they are raced with the- aldrair Inctorabls d1/4mma tom
'That then kalitax sek@d, "Is the 3o144,0317" tt
'were "two roads "'Mich the Doulnlonsi may ucko.Th
road 911 national isolation, The? *an abot4so tn pearte4
after ru1l.dollberation4 the evurst that they rejetztod
29391 ThoY can say -00 014 who should atttmpt to gganza7
them? -- that their foreign policy vill
any but their (An immediate national latoTt3teiih
not reflect an underlying unit)A of Ideal or aP-tvitt towardz
unity in action; that they will neither darand othett3
"But for most of *As there la a strfongQr and rn t comp4
argument towards choosing the second road. We bellew that
the British Empire has proved, not once or t'/co 4at many
times, a powerful and beneficent world-force. Ne belleve
without it the tatWe 174 uphold today would have totrt /oat
ago; and therefor* that the remedy for the difficultiee
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I hove tried to deooribe I th
v not at and you gh6uld Ifta
apart, but that we should try to rovtity our p*rtaornhl
Going on then to reasgUre him audiencew Lord RaillIf4tx
said that this nced "not meAn that we shoul4 attempt to- tfs.w.
trace our steps along the pith that led from tho twitam
port to the Statute of restmlnater To do sor wom14
run mounter to the whole courser dtyvelopment Ln camm
wealth. That what is, I bolleve, both ditaIrsibLe and n#14(24-4t4Ary
is that in all ths field of interests; common t4 ovft/ry p4rt
of the Commonwealth in. forsign,pol1
oma Dipro..;130oi Lin
Yleoisio Affairs, in Colonial questions and tn Cr:) munioa-
tions --.. we should leave nothing undone to ring cAzr mni#
into closer unity or thought and actioa
"It may be that re shell find it d*sirabla to main
and-extend our present war-time procedute of plannlAg and
1- consultation, which itself adapted and *xt4itildaid Me mttil
aceq rho question admits of no
nstantly In aur minds tuld hawto no
ong the first problems to
eldered, whenever the responsible ministers or tht Crown Prom
eviiy part of the Commonwealth are able onc more to mevt to-
gether.
"But there Is one thought rhich 1 would like to _leave
.with you now. The Statute of WestmInster was im a sense a
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-
:sokuuse,41
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F. Wr.h -:11^
-Declaration of Xneependeneef
was maso a Declaration of Interdopendenae 1tral hhw
in the *arid Of tho 20th NottUty no **Antyy Ilvt tejs
self ind for itself *lone* it did not *ttleimpt 116 M#10.*
? ' stereotyped pattern or mould to whith C4Mirgativt4Ith mu40,
conform; bOt it did Um!, the greatest lat1tuto Cor developm
'sent, in the conviction that, In "forking ?lift our rato 4.0
Whir, ve should discover that indopoWento and laterdep4td.4.
once so far from being incompatible conception*, vftlig aot
only complementary but necessary to each other
Stating then, in the paragraphs qtkated at the b#01131441g
of this memorandum, the dilemma in which the avItilA am Clad
themselves* ir they ere to maintain the ition among =a
11 Big your, Halifax concluded his address Inth a tlroad appoal
to tho world, He said that he was arguing ror glartel
claim*"
"The unity of the Commonwealth is na mere lirlti.0%
interest," he said in peroration, "So Car rrom being ma
obstacle, it is a condition neoemsery to that wortang ;Art
nership vitt, the United States,* Ruta ana C1fJ wo
I
look* if we are to play our riehtrul part In thv preaerim-
tion of peace* re can only play it as A CommavealtA LatIto-lit
vital, and coherent o By so doing, and only by so dolagt
we hope to achieve the high purpoues to which we are ded
cated by the suffering and sacrifice of war't
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: 47414 =1'7/ Sk-Mgre , '14."101-, ' '
12 V1444
i60 .44i....nf.aolitaftlib...4ei.li ??-???-?
toi.lir...M...1116.4.3ii.wig, 4C, p...,44 40-1 io.arr;ae. Vait."
pressuro, The Ward proposed whinh w4# dowt In 1A1
sprang rrom New Zoalnnd's knxtety to roynd 1.414Tno4
Ityellow peril," Anxietr nbout another peril hi lx$4
prnp144;.
close to repeating t e 7:4wdhe essnce
and portents will continuo,
The prossure or tho new altuation in thA
resistanoe to it, are by no moans aonfingfd hr) tho 3rittel
Commonwealth. Tho Uhlted StAtosm4 H, rt1
other rt1oti, t In tho PAW* rtpttdf*,
DeWtht C. i'ooL4
-
? _ ?
- 114Z
r71. 'NV
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/13: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
441,-.14. :t4 ? e - 4.- ? ?
Nftber pwerl r,
igt, *0 :*412
xts..1.1+46galViar. ..14.4e41.41zi4FNAWAil..1
nitifetiiegoa4)41**203AillYiLIA...*IIONININ.105ii.ailair-ral*.V4K11.41WAR ?
TI impiloatiolix of Ali the torogotng way semft
diotory6 The contr4dittions thAt ozist flt 6ever1;h414*4 In-
hUnin pAttorA 114 DavInlogp, anti th4 trrat44
Xingdomi 11ko OA the rest or tut r47 *stir* thortr A4.4
and -having it too, The DomAnlono divoirtek tridapAndAAgt0).
the same time they don't wAnt to bt 142ft f5ut. Thsi7 *I4h
tolul csonsuited about forelpi prob1mma Virttorie *cr4fft thom
immocliatoly or potontlaily. it In IOU; htle7 r14tty /1144,
fused to become diroct and oontinuing partnoT1 thor 047n
duct of foroltin roletions nnd Imptrinl dof*tan_
The Oovernment in London tor Its p-Art ts
Mr. Asquith made plain tor hi* 001r6rnmo.nt ti t01L
run discretion La VII* roalm3 or dip1:2mAcy
finds. it simply infeanible to do aut thol, tivtapiJnrt Acld
-cooperation at the Dominions are noodad lho
ultimate ontingeney of war. In thia wmak one*, mer41 ttlaPp
alApport his boon gonorously gtkrtn atirt or A
oxctop tn Phl
except that 8011Th Africa rallit)d
The pressure of a tightontng situattln
making it ever moro difricutt roe tho
Commonwealth to continuo on ,1t$ :I101
tradictgry, basis, Tho Si-ut p&cthvLdozt,,,,9
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/13: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
' ' 4,4 ...... 1 d? ,.e
"" w.`-'""' ,' ?-c.t., ".." ?.-- r - , ..k.?., .1?#4
be=btOre.i4.,..44-.4- 1.0,:-.,?? . ?: ,.-,..., ? .... .:.? ...?? -4-- ' "?..f4F"'"' '''. ' ., - ak.ef 1.1
.4 . ? f irif
.31' ? e pid',41 ? --, .4
.t.1-,',.?
3?,1,? rthink you 'Ill bib linfirestod in the, 4ttnahed
...
copy Of A letter vrhioh I ,hAvio luid tram Ruch ti *
);Is= ?
04rtlti
' rat:tbi_Department of State under date of' 27 Apri
. .
. .--.,.
6' t
_,..!,.
-A have been interested to, :no on p4ge 8 or th*
''-''''.-, DallyIntell/gonm, Sumatry or 28 kpril Se*rtitary hulL
cabXeiram to Murphy dedllting United dtates pArttolpai,t
, .
. _
F:H, .H.-in_Titoss'Youth Conic:once OA the groud thixt th49. ;,,f.nItod
,?..,
?-
8!ate1 'itizeiis of Yugoslav origin are naw Warta vioteat
., . ,.
-
- on the subject of Yugoslav leader*hip &nd UAlted
- .
,ttates Participction in the Youth Conteronce would onlY
tr
the controversy. This Is simply ono moro In
" ?
_nuleerable evidences of the
oolo
rector
lonalitles aranch
-
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A
MAYVA,:t
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? '
art :
1 or Apr rop
1114" 4 tiol!tin" 1X**1"militiriskitaisrtosti
op. pa,00 on ths sollaborstion bstwasst 1044 isfloclut
s. Cessounisto. Slush studio* sr* irsitta
for b.okrun4 purposos and provIds OtAr0111010#
difitentl, for us to obtoin 111 such ilovspisat rovirt
With al1 good wish**
31stssrsly you
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.c :Kr. Pool* rettuoste pentIstilort to, fwv.
7-i----I:.0q
0016t
-,..?( A ,-_ .
litt 404 _paper prInted end sirmAlatem. ne p.11*-6
tribute approximstely 12 efopto* to Me
,..?skehei
the State Department* 1116144%N; 1*,a,rottsi
.fli1i,1 approz.sustely 3 copies in the DispArtfient of
_gtiliitieso, Inoluttisig the Attorney aeno,rail 4114 tsti,
, PATOOtOr of Ow Allim Registretlot r411*.lorti; itdd tn
'ition-to make nomsal dIstributIOn wlchto Oss.
); '
paper- is to be elissitied setret
_
, 2. Illts memorandum Is a stuill of at*
'eat to WW1 Poralgn Not10-nallt7 arotponApit rim:resent
Iteel pressure Koos Influenting a., s. ftrolgri
ilm5,1,- 1,, ,..y. It is bused topon the p-Ilot studles, rade La-
1. lAuestionnoirops Issued smoso tilne ago by Ort fit t.
;
'. - ,Itsquest to the
, Polish-Amerlootti 4114 31.0.1tAlit,
.. - .
. ..4 -. ,, ."'isto art cossaunity-k,
.i ` ( '''''.:? '
-
..,.v. k ? ? ' ' i' 4
? A e . ? ..
3. Aatone the question* asked 14.0 which
...,....,... , ,....,,.., .-..
, :. . 7, ' +' ? ,. ? ;
14ierena 0 is nis4e in this mitiorandunt (tag* 15) wait
i'?
,- .. ?? ,,,
. : . Ono , asking whether the Vat ted States should support
PoXish demand* against Rusais oven at the cost or
.fightimg itusaiss You will recall that when this.
question first appeared on the taco or the questioxt-
-
stIr was Totased. in trIev or the
limited distribution propored by Mr. Pooleal hatitetptrs
we 40 not believe that the reference in that pao.r,
: 41 : : : '-'1' - ' ' ?:(Pi';:-.' - " .
to that same quo s tl on will evoke any adcli t 1 ortati.
anent.
-......
.:,--..--_,,,-., ,
?,7. .. .
4. If you approve the dls,$erttinatiozt of ttas
--l'id, - :- -- '? indliste?
tg,,, ._ ' ?- riport as proposed by Mr. Poole, vrill you kindly so
?
ft 4
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/13: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100180007-8
ooploo lo Slate Dopportmkot
I too to Doparbioat or Juotio.
Die 'nation vdthla tho so tollowoot
Gosoral newton
Itammider
astiotirds*ri
Dr. or
lir. }moor
ileopositriat
tit
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