OSS - CASUALTIES FROM ALLIED PHOSPHOROUS BOMBING OF BERLIN AND HAMBURG; POTENTIAL FOR CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WARFARE; ACTIVITIES OF CENSORSHIP OFFICE; CHINA ASSESSMENTS; 1942-1945

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: OSS Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP13X00001R000100430006-1
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 228
• Document Creation Date: November 3, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 5, 2013
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: September 12, 1945
• Content Type: MISC

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rot' General t011eVAN
DOI)", Beat:
You askld AV cOmmOnte on the
attached.
agree with the writer's
stitgiOnts whisk, however? are
'touched in very generalleris,
iowever? : do not think prate
grapil is a partioulailY Pod
desor,i0tion of the essential
oharaelleristies that an agent
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/08/05: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100430001-6
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12 September 1945
Nlajor General W. 3, Donovan,
Director, �Moe of Strategic Services,
Washington, De C.
Sirs
I am transmitting herewith a memorandum on
Rs-construction in the Far East, which I hope you will
find of interest,
I shall be grateful for an early opportunity
of discussing this And related matters with you as soon
ea you can find the time for an interview.
1
Respectfu13y
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Es Al Long
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the U.
.141..2......4/11Pertilni......
MEMORANDUM ON RECONSTRUOTiON IN THE FAR EAST
In the Far Emit generally, and in China particularly,
8. conceivably will be confronted with many postwar
problos of the first magnitude. She has emerged from the war
as the greatest and strongest of the victorioue Powell!, mili-
tariln politically, and economically, as well AO the etaunchost
and mot formidable champion of human righte and welfare. Thus
the nations of the Orient will look to her for leadership in
chartirig and promoting their developments along the democratic
path 0 material and moral progress, especially during the
diffictilt transitional period, wherein exigent ineuen which have
arisen or occurred during the protracted warfare must be faced
and adlueted.
�
2. iin China thee� innuon include, among others, the many
I
probletcn which will arise from the surrender of extraterritori-
s
Laity :And its manifold emanations and privileges, such as foreign
adminibtered "settlements" nnd "conoeeiions", judicial jurism
dictioste, property ownership, investments, franchisee, As well
as foreign control and/or partleipation in greater or lesser
degree in such matters AN the Customs and Postal eervices, con-
maven?), work, pilotage, ato.
3. ' There is a tremendous amount of unfinished business
consequent upon the retirement in 1937 of the Chinese Government
SEC81'
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/08/05: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100430001-6
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- 2 -
SEC6'
from 14nking to remote Chungking and on the abrupt break after
Pearl harbor in Allied intercourse with occupied China (which
includiut all the most important cities in that country).
4, To ensure an orderly, evolutionary transition from the
old toi,the 'new as well as to build our relations with the China
of theifuture on secure and abiding foundations, wise counsel
from kmerican specialists on the complex and many faceted
Chines 4 problems must be available and utilized.
5. Politically and economically, the new China probably
will b0 seized, at the outset at any rate, with a perfervid
nationalism, but it will be the duty of the United States to
guide this upsurge of sentiment along the channels of healthy
empiriism combined with practical caution as well as along
course4 which experience has shown to be safe and prudent.
64
of her
as her
This duty devolves on the United States both because
present and potential hegemony in the Orient, as well
obligation to protect the vast material outlay from
her citizens and government which seems in prospect. Wise and
sympatpetic, albeit firm, handling of China and Chinese will be
essentital.
7. 'Hence the U. S. must have qualified agents (a) to keep
unobstrualve watch and ward over developments and the kmerican
economic stake in the Far East and report thereon and (b) to
guide, instruct, and advise, always in an unostentatious and
self-effacing manner.
SECHE
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8. As condition dine qua non these agents must be (1)
persona who have had wide, varied, and original experienoe in
the country or their respective asignment, inoluding knowledge
or its language, and (ii) the ability to ingratiate and "ayn-
theaize" themselves with the natives.
4. A. Long
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Colons," Hopper (Zyou Alone) .2.
0 MAY 1945
the Govornmont of tho Ropub1i0 of China an now oonatitutedi The Ambannador
then stotedithat. before ho had come to China. tho Preeident bad given him
a direetivo whieh wen in full accord with tbe policy am not forth in Score-
tory Hullso Plodeo. Thin directive wno very nimplei namely to prevent the
collapse (lithe Chinese Government. Thin did not mean, ue tbo Ambaaboder
pointed out, oupport of the Control Government if he found it Duro and
motivettd Int the Golden Rule nor doen it mean that General Hurley, in
exeeution or this directive, aeausnem that the Chinoac Cont im thoroughly
honneut and-blame3one. In fact the Ambonoodor mokod for in got the ronig-
nation of fdiur cabinot membera thet were nupponod to be corrupt. no
Ambeeeedor her* made it very clear that ho recognize:1m tho many fauna of tho
Consreliael4ovn regime.
4. 7.ho1ehearte1 dovotion to implomonting thin Oirootive moont that
any Amorioalle in China . in rooponeible Dovitiona, who could not rocenoilo
themeelven to full eupport of tho Central Government would havo to "env*.
Aa roeult; General Stilwell wee ordorod homo and the rociaation of Mr'
Gauen wan adoepted. Petwean thirty and forty offloora of tho Arm roadquartorn
alno had W!leeve. The Ambancador etatod furthor that for tbo came roncoua,
he hod been Iforced to oend 7ohn Service, J'ohn Davion. &Ind George Acheaon boolt
to the Matto.
5. n rdor to hi'gh-llght the oxtrome danger of not following thio
dirr,ctivo c4impletely, not only in tho octivitioe of tho Embanay but almo in
connection ovith the Army lleaduunrtorn. General Hurley gavo OA account or
certain difticultiee twilling from thc Btirrott Minnion to Yanan. 740 rooalled
ho* he, himplf, hnd gone to Yonon 1.roviounly und both there and in Chunecing
mode b good :start toward bringing the two factionc within China together.
Ea even ntuted that ho bud had in him pomeoneion u 41000 ac,rooment from Yam),
to came of Om termo proponed by the Contrul Government. Then without hie
knowlf40. lho Darrott Rinnion wont into the nod aroao in ordor to formulate
a plan fe,r "Ale coopelration of Amnricen rorcli with the 8th Route Arm, Thim
plan became known to the leadorn in Yenan whereupon they nomumcd that they
would be able to obtain. Amerlean hupport without comOying with tbo tom& of
the tgrromo-;tt which they wore.) ih the proeeen of making through Ambnomndor
Hurley witkt:se Control Government. ln fact the immOlate effect of the
dicolonura thia plan in YOTPAU W0t1 to make tho Conmnioto drop Ooneral
Hurley and. itb, Central Government like u mhot hrlokTM, rnine their domandt.
and turn ho4odully towerdn the Amorican Minnion. Whon Tohn Davion� who had
been with tho Mloaion. roturned to Chungking, the Ambevmador ankod him what
bed gone Obt wbovoupon Devion told him ho could not toll ibe klbaanador bocaueo
it WI A military mecrot. Wboroupon to otle the kmbasendorin wordn. he Hboonme
a little mite) in hip lull:liege*. At thin juncture the Ambannedor tent n cable
report thrc.tell ?lambing Lon In wbieh ho-olarited the Dal-vitt 141 no ion for havin
rfrot of alp., diecuceed thin plan with the Chineoe Oommunirties and accondly, fox,
having thutiffoctively broken down tbo nogotiationa which wo.eQ going on betwoon
the Communtatn and the Central Covernments After exhamative invoutigetiona in
whieh the **tato of the Wieeion were queationed at longth, it wom oetabliehed
that the laZtor were aimply acting under the ordera of the Mint of Staff'.
Cotner/a MaqLuro �
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A
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4111 hits return to t tuton in Deeember. tho Ambaneador received
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all tho organ;I:tationft horn of tho Wore Ito thon urgad atro4ly that tho Ohlaf
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of infcormAt*t Wont101 valuo to blm whiQh mlght oomo OUV wAy,
IWITTN POnCrVTLT
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CHINA TREATER
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SUBJECTI Transmittal of Chinese Currency
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REGISTRY NO. 210-111
e7
12 Miy 1945
The Directors Office of Strategic ilervices, Mashington, D.C.
Attentions Kr. Charles Si Chestoni
Inclosed are nine (9) Chinese Notes which we have
oollectiod in response to your cabled roquest. I do not think
any of Owes are types specifically named in your cable, but
perhaps: they will be of moms use.
;4 Wit are continuing our efforts to get the required
typos acid will pouch thew to you as soon as we get theme
na TIlE sntwamc sZRVICMS OFFICFS:
Enclosures: Nine (9) Notes Chinese Currency.
stribution:
as
2 I. Neestry 627
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RICHARD L. PARR
Major, AUS,
Executive Officer
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OFFICE OF STRATEGIC SERVICES
WAOHINGTON 25. D. C.
8 May 1945
F
TOs Director, 033
FROI4 Far East Division, SI
SUBJLCTs Transmittal of Report by Bernhard Knollenberg
As you may have heard, I sent in a series of reports
durl;so my trip to the Far i4ast. I hrve had a r s from Whitney
Sheptirdson suggestinp that I send you my report of 31 !larch
19/,5 from Kunming. This report is attached.
8
Attschment
Bernhard Knollenherg
Div. Dep., Far East, SI
SECRET
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A March 31, 1945
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1. This morninr Mr. X, the retired Chinese burine!Is mon and echoic/.
whom I :had hoped to two in Kunming, gave me a two-hour interview. He wee
more flienk than I dmred hope. Ho speaks excleisite English, so that no inter-
preter:Amtervtsed. Ho has declim-d to permit, mo to ,Ove his namO7 but top
Chinese:, and Americans toll me that him reputation for knowledre, intogrity,
CW d acl;men im of the highest.
SAO
24 *�.2orie4ur4g. My firmt question wasAto the significance of the
recentelevation If Soong, (who, 1 know, had Leen it Vormor buminoms ompociate
If X) it. the expense apparently of Kling. X said thmt Seong's appointment
must rot 145 construed es eonrerrilg any v-oft1 politicml power ln Soong, tl&
is sho4n by the following:
(a) The limitotion or his ftpoointment by the, domitmation "Acting", thus
permitting General Chiang (ao X celled him - I mholl hereafter refer to him
as C.)ito drop S. merely by saying Unit, the easi-v orr of his, Cleo, othor
dutiea permittod him to resume his work in the I ctcutivn Yuan, end, even
more important (1) Soong' s rerraining from oppointing any of hie friends to
politInal office . oppointmonta which he osmuredly would have mode hod he
been given any mubetantial meamnre of power.
* X has invited me to spend the day in the country with him on my return from
Chungking and I hope ot that time to secure him permission to give him name to
General Donovan. I elmo expect to question him further then in the light of
information I hope to pick up in Chungking.
SECRET
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X said the immediete oircumstnnees luading to the retirement of Kung
and he appointlient of Soong were ns follows: C. had for some time been
distimbed by the general distrust of Kung in China, arising out of the
gene'ral belief that he has been using his office to profiteer, and by
repopts that President Roosevelt (whom I shall refer to as Lh( P.) was
A
exasperhted by Kungen profiteering. Nev'rtheles, Kung might have been
permitted to continue in office because of his power in the Kuomintang
had not pressure of n different sort come into play. Kung was detested
by 410 war-lord governors of Yunnan, Szechwan and Shensi (the part not
controlled by the Communist) because he was using hin power in the Central
Government to compete with them in Frofiteering within their provinces.
Drawiri '.ogether in their common hostility to him, they had entered into
negotiations with the Communists in Yenan (whom I shall hereafter mil the
Yenallists) to make common cause against C. C. lemming of this got rid of
K. to evert a move which would, of course, have had the gravest consequences
for linot.
Soong was appointed in Kung's place because (a) C. has the impresnion
that 2. enjoys the Pts confidence and C. npprhoiates thht his continuance
in power may be dependent on the support of the H. S., and (b) Soong has
only * small personal following so that C. can at any time remove him with..
out possible serioun repercurnions within the Kuomintang - the possibility of
unfavorable reaction abroad being the sole consideretiont to be taken into
accoulit.
S. UoongIn chadracter. I said to X that Soong was reputed in the
U. S. to hey, democratic ideals and asked whether he thought Soong (in spite
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of hie weliX poaition ea juet demcribed) would NI Wile to promote A trend
toward. dotiocratic meaouree by the nentral floverhment. He anowered "No".
No said th4 Ameriokuts who thought Soong might promote democratic maamurea
miounderotokid not only the extent of hio influenoe hut aloo hie "Idealimm."
H,, Bald that ist LI rer,alt or hie education in the H. S. and hie conneotionn
there, S. hed come to have nuperficial tate for Democracy in momewhnt the
same feehioi aa he had come to enjoy Amevloan cooking and the theater In
America, hut that he woo without It donee of atrong principle in the matter
and might not even bother, muoh le,on make a determined stand, to oecure the
Introduction of democratic meftaurea.*
4:49414�,jcswurg_aLarrjat. asked X tr he thought Soong would
continle in pfrice long. He meld he would he inolined to
gnedm, No, hooeume
C. hod he:I a deep -heated hontillty to each other, II
bhOh woe extremely
hot...tempered end rude end that nom point of power, prooLigo or judgment
would hribs ,)(1 which they would clash with ouoh heat am to loud C. to die-
mita 8., even when, aa a matter of oetf-interreled window dreening - for
the, Po, pertieulerly - it would he advantageotio for C. to retnih 80011g.
5.balUgjamagiur.I amked X who he thought would he noongle
,14J
ouccenaor tr :I, were eliminated and whom he would like to have emceed. Ao
to the flret point he /laid he could not, attempt. fven a gueem, end that, as
to the 060ond point, he we chagrined to Hhy no political figure hod arioen
In Chine who had inopired him or other� tat:re:11,0d in eeouring A non.icorrupt
And more democratic governmra in China with confidenoe. I oaid that mome
of Ay aoguainvInoee in the N. had a notion that $un-Yo might he qualified
* Yu will note that hi o (intimate of Soong in leen fevorable than that which
Chennault gave me yonterday end which I reported,
cc! la A
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oho w10 avanvbIly rt-rh,dod ha ft moutnpiouo or Lilo (.ovoruoinut.
Xtopp. 1 X I wlohbd I,i, boh him hir viown .1u thn YonbuioLm
'And thtiz rtibt.i.mr. to thb Conirbi ci,vorumnnt bud nucorltd ihir miLhi ho A
p!,4,011 1,014i bt ?IAA to Otheuro thtrb mbtlorm. X on td t doulillnoo hoon
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support. more than offsetting thin, iv the fact that O. lo ueing a
f
large parti.lf hi a rcoourcen in fighting apen - has indeed eacrificed so
large a paitt of hie army, that, without U. S. ?airport, he would ponsihly
not now he a match for Xenon - whereas, for more than two years, the
Yenanists hove fought the Jap only to the limited extent necesnary to cap-
ture Japenuse equipment and munitiona with which to strengthen their army
facing C. the Yonanieta have, it is true, ()coupled former Japanese-held
territory, 4hile C hta loot territory to Japan, hut this, says X, is be-'
cause the Yenaniats have moved, virtually without opposition, into terri-
tory whioh vaa strategically unimportant to the Jams and Nip been virtually
abendoned bit them in order to concentrate their strength on fighting the
britioh, thi, U. S. and the Chinese Central Government. At this point
X asked me io recall that what he said about the Yonaninta who sheer, hear-
say, since lye had no first-hand vource of information conoerning them.
X aAtod, anticipating a quention I was about to oak, that the com-
mon allegat!9n thht C had otationed hies good troops on the Yenan front,
using only hie :second o- third rate troops aghinot the Japs wag) untrue;
that wyerel or the armlets sent by C sgainvt the %raps during the last yeer
were coneic4red to be among his beet, and that it had been a frAghtful
shook to C. no loan than to ell petriotio Chineoe, that the Japanese had
defonted thtm so badly.
9. Sitagammtsjaalu. asked X if he thought there woo any choice,
from the Amirioan otandpoint, between Soong and Kung. He :mid, Yes, decidedly
in favor of:$oong, because (0) Soongs strength in China, suoh as it is,
lies in his:oupposed good relations with tho P., with the result ehtticilliET
* The., statements were particularly interesting to me because they so closely
confirmed thi- views �oncoming the Yenanists activities against the Japs ex-
pressed by Cionnault yesterday and which / had not heard developed in Washington.
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must, on a:mttttr of porsonal prostige, not in olomo cooperation with
the U. S.,* whoreoa Kling, with s pormonal mecrot mtrviole and e consider-
oble band .:Jr political henchmen, )u ti a ;strong, indopendont position
which wouP make it ponsiblo for him to break with the P and yot main-
thin a pon3tion of inflnonoe horo; (h) Soonglm knowlodgo or foreign
affairs in.auporior to Kung's and hia gonorol knowlodgo and intelligence
I s at 1440, equal to Kung's; (c) it la important that there ho a man
near C. whf, will not henitoto to point out his orrorm or poomiblo errors
In judgmont; .9,,ong is such a mon, whim Kung im not. (X rerorrod to hio
pr-vious 011410 that (-)ong would probohly not he pormittod to remain in
office ineofinitoly,
Js, said that. Uti long an ho wan in, him opinions
would he brought home to C.); ((I) noting 's umo of orricial information to
enrich himzelf ban probably boon within the bounds of Chinone custom,
whereat. Kuilg hnn boon outragooun in him ohumo or his orficiml ponition
oven accor;iing to Chinono politioal standmrda; and (o) Soong, on taking
office hags made move towardo administrative rororm by seonring the din-
misnal frola orrice or a horde of holdors or govornmont mineoures whom Kung
had porm114ed to reed at tho govornmnnt trough.
I ilukhd x it this lamt raot was not somewhat inoonmiatent with
his earlioi. ntmttment that Soong did not howl the stamina to ntand up for
democraticiideals. X maid he thought not; that him skeptioimm wan not an
to Soong' si courage but nm to the ntrength of his democratic idnala; that
the dinmisal. usolosm omployocs Win the action of a good huminenn man
who, unlii4 Kunm, was not intent on maintmining a political machine,
l�issoudjuraiLDLE2149.4aLluabi. ti Rica x for him explana-
tion of tongos lack of following in China. He said that Soong had made no
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recoptioa 4zbik had received on her own account (not merely as C's wife) in
America. said be presuewd thet even an American husbend would have found
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thir situation highly unplestant and thal;% bu.e)and in China (where "face"
^
and the 4ordination of the wife are both vital conceptions) the situation
4
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I igsked about C's sons. X said be did not know the younger son;
4
that he kiwi* the elder and considered him a nice enough person, but that
he had litee force of charecter, a mediocre mind and a less than mediocre
a
education or-opt along military lines.
3
12.i atnejaulal. I asked X whether he was hopeful of China's
immediate *ure after the war, politically end economically. He said, No,
that on the contrary, he thought the outlook was very discouraging. He said
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that friends of China like myself, who had knowitit twenty or thirty years
a
a
ago, when tNe intellectual liberelc were well consolidated, hopeful end
vigorous, col) hardly conceive the deterioretion thet had taken place within
this; then prsemleing group; that, in addition, there had been a tragic dis-
integration in the ethicaI principles of the whole top layer of Chinese
aociety; thaf: though. the Chinese farmers, who luckily constitute the mass
the populaion, retain the standards of business integrity that once
characterised. China ea a whole the financial end political success that had
been achieved:, '7 leading men in China during the past ten or fifteen years
by chicanery,: breach of promises and corruption had contaminated most per-
sons in goverment service and a large proportion of men in business. So,
said X, China
will start on the road to reconstruction, crippled by impaired
ethical standards among those in positions of leadership.
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organizati4 operating under the juridiction or the intervated government.
By controlling the flow of investments, whether in the form of direct
investmentsior lulu, so ao to favor those regions dominated by honcat and,
according tz) Chinese atandards, democreLic governments, theoe governments
would in thin court,* of time be stabilized in the region', initially held
by them and would probably in time absorb contiguous rogione whose inhabi-
tants would.: naturally exert pressure to come within the jurisdiction of a
betttr-gov6rned, more prosperous neighboring government. Eventually, economic
and sentimntel impulsee would tend to bring these relatively well-governed
provinces together into some form of federal relationship.
144 mgasmaic Covernmgd. I asked X what hin conception of a
"democratitim government for China would he. He naid he had not formulated
his idea myond the general one that there must be a rather wide base of
auffrage with machinery designed to secure a fair count and with elections
at fixed ietervale.
15; Otettinila. X asked me only one question (other than about
a coupe or mutual friends) namely, whether I thought Stettinius had a
friendly eoling for China. I told X I had not heard Stettinius mention
China for .)ver a year and a half, but that, when I wee his Deputy in Lend-
Lease he hrd had a very friendly feeling for China and had done everything
in hie papier to secure a maximum of lend-lease aid for China - a truthful
statement.:
Legs
Turiers Don't get the impression from my report of Chennaultle
and X's views as to the renanists not fighting Japan that I have become
lukewarm iibout getting intelligence by cooperating with Yenan. The Yenanista
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THAN$14,417XONST LI 'TE Tp 414NICRAL DONOVAN
+moral Donovan
Sir:
18th GROUP ARMY
Janunry 1948
In vir-w of the dosirubility r.f oontributing to
tfm defmnt of tho enemy by undertaking subversive
4ptivitles amonv puppet troops, we make the sugges-
t:toil thnt wo borrow trot tho l,S. Army the sum of
4v B. 20 million to be umed 11. mtrongthening
mIlbversivo nctivitlem nmon,. , PuPPOt troop thin
y9nr (1045).
Aft6r thin money mhnll hnve been used, we
scluld mnko mtriot n000untinF: to the' U. S. Army.
Aftor viutory twninot Japnn in nohloved, this
ary (1Rth 4A) will repay the mousy used.
Shoull you agree to thin proponn1, gratitude
witll know no bounds.
Profoundest respeotst
s/ Ohu Tsh
OommelndinK 4011(tra1
18th Group Army
(Seal)
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� 1945 PROJALCT AND BUDGET FOR UNDERM/NIWG AND BRINGING
OM PUPPET FORCES
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In 1945 the work of winning over 4nd undermining of the puppets
shoulcUm strengthened in order to achieve victory over Japan more quick-
ly and:erfectively. Lxperionces in the work of undermining the puppet
forcos;in the War of Resiotance have proved that this kind of work can
ems taeo am a bridge to undermine or win over the Japanese ae well am an
effectSve memeure for cutting their collaborator from under ',hem.
In China today there are about 900,000 puppet troopo of which
410,00C aro regulare and 490,000 puppet local forcee. From theee figuree
it is e1u4r that the expanded puppet army i4L very powerful force aeeiet-
ing th4 Jane. The following plan for 1945 has been drawn up with the
ram of:INinninw over and undermining part of the puppet forcee.
2! The mefouren in the project conoiet of:
timing financial meamuree to buy over puppet, force:3 and
through paitima metAsurftri to win over puppet forces.
To ume Che puppet force to carry out nabotage work
againet the Japanese(' Army.
According to btil1 incomplete duLa from all our banal, in 1944
our forcon hive achieved in bringing over by political moaeurep the follow.
ing puot forms:
STATT3TICS ON ;.ON.OVILR PUPPLTS
TN w,:cious LIBBRATED AREAS
Number Number of Riflom Li,tht and Knee Field
Oea 2.Z.A111 (pde-amm)
AAA.APP� *.P.0.3-100.413.OPMA MMA3.3.110
..
e
ShUntU4if, 11,987 6,540
Shansi4Hopei-
Shaniung-Honan 5,821 :),909
ShaneiTSuiyuan 932 550
ShanaiiChahar-Hopoi 1,024 620
Central Chinn. 14,075 8,314
South China 328 226
i .
Tota 34,167 20,159
East: The Shantiung figuree include 667 puppet eailor6 who
brought
3,000 ton
1
and
,
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f't.P
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4
122
.
109
26
-a
60
32
i2
3 d
8
10
3
13
11
1
134
121
18
6
5
0
343
288
60
over with them one
ehip,
gunboat,
1 1/23 gunboat, the Er bheng.li.
; The 34.167 puppete turned over constitutee approximately 3.0% or
the topll puppet form) in China.
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@nd fidainiretr@tivo works (Norot
ootivity 46ong p414-460 luoIuding
buying inttqlig@nobi ligti@oh 40
**eking potm
ioopl)
figymonta 140. OppO, tirrlooPm ah0
w
iltoktir fitokfoord 0,00141mA t/V#.341 est. SIVA
PliYMOWJA 4PM# nuti oquipmout
brought oviof islies44*41�Isssi 3rnsess
j months, filatOWAhO@ pootonto Lu
PuPPot troopo 414001. owing ow
ftioorys Pune; t141408414011$1114111,1141441
Total sissossisssessissssassiess
V
700Uitum
I w
tiMCM)
11,400.000
h 000 000
tes:Amomatiamma
0191 7,OOQ
Noi.0
Pyr oopit ktiamhr PO
ptiviot diviolob4,
(nu woh)
Now, on odgind
molaritm And dlowAnowl
Tho *bop iLwo IOW to4444ined in alttill followmt
s Whether wing poliblod or fintinoid 111#4@t1140@,
before the mOpp* s oom4 over a fund is n000ssttry to work etmong them; buy
information, aditAnietrative optima And IVO for pereonnel doing this
*01 The ikoiotint is mot provieionally tor 0)60000 for pooh division,
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libLASARULLISIL Nxmdituro for oomfort and awarding rya to
offioaro'and otaff mombero coming ovors (on dho balia of ton diviaiona),
mainly tbrough financial myaauroo, aro ootimatod itfollowaA
-413)1thIL1W1 I AAAX4.kARANA 12kAl
Squad CouttAndor
Platoon Pogamander
Company Poomandor
BAttalion Commander
Regimon411 Comandyr
Divieion Contandor
3,000 $ 3u$00 $ 90,000
1'000 00.00 80,000 ,
300 :('A.00 75'000
100 $00,00 4'000
30 )0(.00400 90,000
10 10000,00 1004000
$1515,(44
SUM TOtgl ........ 0 ..
0$000110�000000000 � �������
Expenditure f4,r contfort And tottording fee to offteera 4 Lilo other ten
vioions brought over atinly through po114101 motourno# 011 1) Pt1041hir
Of tho 4.1501.F0 UAW) V440,000�N0.
d@plkty ofti(loro 4nd titan' thbmbora r(ot:,ivd.toati of .4hether Lhby 4re
brought Ovor throueh political moaogreo or Viti4nvialLtiir,urt: Lo be
awcirtUd kxccoroingL thoir rgult. In L4cat ihp sflwt C ritteh pormonnol
difforo mith itgaoh unit' oxponditure ror Lao lo vroviaionally aot at
$670,00U.00.
Thto wiionditarc4) ligattoivo or 411. t11000 poilltd1 Loldbr Lliabocind itom, 4ITOm
ounto tea e3,645,000.00,
4
142m1hlamilaa, 14pona4Lu4'o VOr ettlyttalitil rt.W aViati and OqUiPRIOnt
brat,WWW.e4r thb tot avioliont4 (oomitig, ovbr ila1114 thVgt4h rinA1014
bribingl APO liotod 4# folloviat
Ittalas.1,6410;.4. Equi t
tglagmuk=galt
ftifieo
nbt#00
;?0,00
50p000
Sidy arko
111,000
Mao Metarl
r)00
151000
'Ugh 4
Ai$00
4,000
Oar/ ;0;
150
00000
Troll* Mortara
100.0u
1;1000
Mountaih Artillory
40
1,000.00
40,000
Radio Veto
40
WU*00
Now
TolephoAe 4to
4U0
ei0.00
alow
e.,
:UlI Tyt�1,41
V*0101111�0�����04011000004�40�11101100000000
09r,h000
Propyr :44itoulAt yr 4wardUi, bo givon proportIonattoly f
,or 4141,0 and equip-
;vont ot,byr th4n th000 contained in thy ahoy@ Ilat. Arlan 4nd oquipmont
byoughtl over by tho othor ton divioions tYpough political mottomr@o mainly
are to bo offulded on half of the amount not abovos Tho orpondituvo for
third itom amounba to $893'000.
nr, n1 n � r
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All.twidajajla. This is to be used as follows:
. After the puppets come over and are reorganised they
ore to be paid at their original salaries and allowance for
Area months' duration.
a
I
Expenditure for ivin them necessary supplementary
clothing anci material needed.
4
et To soldiers coming over comfort gifts 1,111 be given.
d) Subsidies when necessary for helping out or resettling
444 puppet families.
Expenditure for this purpose per division per �ionth is estimated at
$80,000.00, irialsinz the total for three months (on the basis of 20 divisions)
t4Atoo,000scip.
The total for the four items listed above umounts to 414,738,000.00. The
figures listul above for payments to men or for equipment brouzht over will
be regulated and adjusted in practice to suit the existinr circumstances.
Accounts wil be Axon for amounts used.
TILIISIXitgm. Reserve Fund. This is to be used for the fol-
.
lowing purpoces:
Since great p9usibi1ities present themselves for sabotage And demolition
work through ;Ising puppets for destruction of such things as hangars, ar
aircrtft, alitary depots, arsenals, and military factories, mines,
railway statiks, bridges, wharves, chips, trirks, tunnels, block-houses
and various o#ber military installations, this can be put to use. Such
work of cours should be carried out according to the needs of military
operations. It, is impossible to draw up a concrete plan and bt�dget at
present. Money will be taken out from the reserve fund as required for
this purpose on an accounting basis.
Expenditure foi* using puppet officers or soldiers to assassinate Japanese
officers of als Army, Navy and Air Forces is also to be taken out of the
Reserve Fund.
In the course ("f the work listed in buying over puppets, there will prob-
ably be emergericy or extraordinary expenses which cannot be foreseen and
whith will haves to be drawn from the reserve fund.
sum4y: Budget for work on Puppet Armies $14,736,000.00
Budget for the Reserve Fund 5,000,000.00
Total l. ........ ******** ********** 019,738,0omo
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10190 the,movit. of winning over find undensisimit of the puppets
kiseAt stirengthiened in order to th1tV. iltory over ppm_
morei-Vie A104 effeesivelyi imporienees in the we)* of umieratnialt
the -,)toes in the War of liesistanoe have proVO: VOA this
of we tes Swe also as brrelge to undermine or wilt oVor the
Amp* lee _se Well SpilltY1 effeetive meesure for Gutting their so13ablo
fro frost 'ns? t*!.
todiy there Rre About 900,000 poppet .1troop. or itch
4 a. iire''rlgOlers int 400.000 porpet 100,1 foresee* Pros thee.
, is:cleer thet the expended rurrit skrfgr tea 'IV 94werful
feriSCAssistibg tho Ieroinemes The fo%lowing itan fo, 1945 ham bsn
-4111101111-11111 101141114ho sim of winning over fond undermining Isart of the
flaPPet terfete
as fta ouvitour,@in thot vrojent eonstet *fir
114 6: tilling filliAnCial 1110hAnr0111 to buy over rurrot force*
: Anti through volitiota moneurom to win ovor ruppoiti
ferose.
blpi To use tht, triurrot foroom to amyl", out motbotAitro work
i4lAinot the 71/rAnOPO ATMYo
�
Aciording: to etill inoompletideta frOm ti11 01.411 bee in 1044
Our forces hevii P.alstivred in bringing over by Tsolit1on1 timmettree
the followingiyuppot foroeel ;
sexhirrzos ON WO160VIIR 1111711108 'XX VATI:OTM
LTIMPATUID ATOM �
Ares
Ike /Atm
tflStieneiebNorie�
-01
PMi'Orson
1110,ifitop`ottortaro
1;
lin China
4
Ynifeher Numbero r
mon %I flee
5i,de " amp
;11�91, 1,540
5.811 3.909
AMC
i1,04 640
14,015 At 314
�..1111
34,147
4
Liaht And Krolin Yieid
tfilovv PrO MortArti 1140t4M
110.150 343
1.)! The abomtung_ ?Ivrea i no ludo 667 vivre t egg 19re who brought over
them oho IOOO ten ship, I sunboete Prid I Xo*113 gunboett the
N avan.u.
Itho Moll, "upsets turned *ter. eonetitutee sprroxitugtely 34I)i
* rot fevers in Ohtsf44
�.
is sstiotted thok1k, twoCt5 the opcnitymed vietoriss gt Antod
,
4-4441w
4
.1MI 41 '. .1104."! booOming more oritkoe2 otn4 Ilits.
IttiC�tf.n.ivli eigkinstt the ��Ttpoits 04!
Iliose will oentilliosts to Ike
or the rriflosCletio **4 Thite
. 114,, these 2(tnical�P, ,
�tniit Is *St.0 it 1 thgt th in 111014.1t. to her
r. r
.noroseet to about 5%, t o.,*!: al. Ito 0101,k 011.1- Tliott. suchs:
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Xhipligittsre
LirS"
'2*TVRre
11,46ta1n ArtillsrY
1,41
?.t .�o** 00ts
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300
300
150.
220
40
40
400
, 40i00
,� moo�
two()
woo
moo
1, 00.00
am" .
2040
eto,000 .
woo�
woo
24,000
15,000
i12,000
40,000
6,000
0400
TOTAL 5
Proper ..mlnunt of 'word will bs given rreportionmtsly for erme And
ecuipraent other then those eont!lnod in thm mbove list. Arme tind
eloutpraint.bliought over by the other t'In divimidnv through rolitioml
msesurem witnly sr* to be swords& on hAlf of the Amount mat mbpvo.
Tho exworditure for third Item smotmtm.tn nki,000 dollPre,
The 'fourth *Pim, This ie to bo nosd Po rollowes
1. AfVlir the'Dnrrets comm nrmr nnei mrri reorpenioe0 they mr(4 to be
potA ot their oriental mmlmrtmm !inti Allowmnoe for thrms months
dule�tion.
2, fmr giting theim nomemmh.ry murrlemontnry clothing
mnd:.motoriml nmoded.
3. tosoldiers coming over contort gifte will be given.
4. 8001.4ies when necessary for helping out or resettling some
puppet Taranto**
Ihvonditure-.Tor this purpose par division, rer month, in estimsted
60000 dellerie *ng the tot ml for thrnm monthm (on tho *Isis of n
divisions) 4000.000 dollars,
Tha otel fnr the four items lintod ahoy* smovints to 24,738.000
dellsrsA The:figures limtod sbovefor riPvmonto tm mon or for eqUipmont
brought over iwill be rogulstmd r'nd meiliurtod in Txrctioe to cutt the
existing Icir*TiotfInces4. Anomunte will he given for nmountn umod.
The it ]tet Reserve VUnd, Thto is to he uved for tho following
purposes' Sinprt greot Tossibilittom rromont thmmemtvmn Por srbotooe An%
demolition %vole through usiNg Vurpetm for destruction of muoh things mi
hawing, Pirfifilits, oirtiroft, mi/WrIt Merotm, rshiriri, t.nd
fmotorisof 7niP, stotinns, Hinrvor, ohiume truokup
tunnels, blookfthouses !Ind veiriolte other militory instrlvitiouop thin
scot 'ha 'out to.usis, Ruch worle of course ehould ber oorried out m000rding
to the needs Of Mi/itary operrtions. rt i impossible, to drew up m
ocnciete buttiot nt present. Monsv will be tsken out from tit*
reserve fund Rs ',squired for this purpose on an Aecounting
Axmendituiv for using limpet officers or soldiers to aSsesimato
jpimnape offi4Arm of the Army, Nom? hnd Air force* ift nloo to he *ken
out of the reserve fund,
rn the Ours* of the work listed in buving ovor purretc thore
vebbSi te,emergeicy or extrsordinerv expenses whicih osnnot bp foresden
and whioh will hare to be drawn from the reserve fund*
�
Sommerys Budeit for wort on Puppet Armies
Illudg0 for the Rosary* Auld
7,3*.�
,
7-,
�
let,a
� 17
.t.:1 14,7e
;,titt�tr.
Total
whorktrerorortrummiumostiromposor
14,7380000 dollsrs
5,000000 dolor
rrorrapirrdollare
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*di tui�ei for overitioncl
liis:trative 'work.
,siet14 ty ming
�
4Intiluding baying
igencoi Moon mnd
versonnell
Pareetnts foi :puppet p fri acre
And .e.taff istImi.bere owning
over ..e..,..� it � � � .�.� � .40����14445000
ve.tts foie arms Pne equirnent
brought over 893,000
3 months aliowance payments to puppet
troop, after _coming over ".4,800,000
Based on original
selnriee ftehd
allownnoes�
IV first items Whetbor using ,political or financial measuree, befo
the roppstiCcams over a fund iv necesskry to work among Vlemp buy
informstioni SamtObtrstive expenses and funds for personnel dOfng,
wort,. The .nourtAs set provisionally for 380,000 for each divisilot
Tb. second tteml iftenditure for comfort nnd awarding The to office
ad,staff eqmbero coming over, (on the bxele of ten divisions) mainl
trone. fincncittl ma:lures, aro estimnted as follows:
PAW
6 sa comuyTder
sit�oon Commander
ny Oomksander
tan �Qommilnder
costainder
DIArisfon Conder
444,710,1r4.1.,^ .4. 4.
�
alma Total
''Apreor, comfort end alierding fee to officers Of, tO,.
Ai brOught Ofir mainly -tbrOugh Politieal 'measures fill
1if the #bove frmilaisurekoon dollars.
spt
�� SI ' ' � ,'.4:
. s
/) ,
y Oft eel* .atilt,.;(gtotff mekelpers ,regardlece of w4,ethe,r:thoy, *re
,,t100.' , Mitten iskeittree or finanidel brilliesklak,to
4r�d 4 vi, 0 a , *heir rtnto In that ,,.he number of itithr-' s
�s !Ub
seeh uni4, e*ptintliture for this. le provisional
- .. .,.-- -
In. lye
of tal theme vOinte under. ,the '4,40;;,141, .
I : 4:.W 'el I t
, %Until It
TOTAL ,f
90,000
80,000
75000
80;000
90,000 , -t A
/001,000
-Wa
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14) miss' ANN mow FON ONMININO AND MAW
OM "WP
1/411c/
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ft }.
M 7011080
INA -i444*
Lir Zs 194, the work of winning over aid undormining of tho
thoUld bo Orongthomod in order to aohlovo vistory over igen more
Irani stfolOttrely. Nmporiemo in tho work of Indormining the puppet
torsos in 001 War of loototanoe have proved that this kimd of work son
serve also !As a bridge to undirmino or win over the 'Woos* as will as an
offootivo assure for cutting their sollaborstors from under them,
le Chins today them are about 000000 puppet troops of whisk
410,000 arsOrsgmlaro aid 400,0::zrot looal folsooll Yvon thoso figured
it is slum that the army is a vory powort4 tom assists,
lag the Japam000s eh:1=W plan for 104, has boon drawn up with the
aim of dimimg over and undermining port of the puppet torsos. .
2, two measuros in tho projset moist oh
*ling fimomoial nosaureo to buy over puppet torsos and
grow* politioal swum to win over puppet tomes
V to im� the puppet torus to
against the Japan,** AMA
iAsoording to still inoomplots data
Woo hive sohlowod in bringing over by
moot tomes
dam
LIS
61140i,
sorry out sabotage work
trot all our bases in 1044
politisal NOSOUrei the follow.
STATIST:OS ON VONmOVIN 'WPM
IN UMW LIINNAT1J0 ANNA$
Swim
aLlis
U,,,?
31,024
GoatosilL Ohba 14,0,73
3410
Smith gym
Total 4100444.444
Ihesber of Minos
.LNA�094.
6,140
31,010
310
410
Wolff
Light and
AmizzAk
1211
60
13
$4
mtrThe Sliastiow riproo tub& 67propots sailors who
ai.18 gyve with OM 1110 3 000 UN OAP. I -,sad
: NJ stsbes6, tho 2r �
The )4467 pvirpotor tiankod over sonetitates oynedataataly 3.1111 of
tito WA. pm* how in SAM.
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It Is tetimated that in 1941 the cottoned vieteries it Allied
SW..., ALA the Japanesepenition beesaing more eritioal and the IntOmm
sive militsay and ;Witless% offensive against the Japanese and poppets by
sur Waal bc14n4 the enemy lines, will eentributo to the increasing diem
intedrntien end telferini it the POPPot forees4 These sedations will fa-
ellitato our werh,along these linos,
Pres ttio above ***dittoso it is estimated that the puppets to be
von over by poliaeal measures SSA be increased to about 50, or 0,000.
If in addition t this, financial help has the United States Army is
evaLlable then vith using mew to buy over puppets, another 5% can be
bream,* over. The. in 1945, asin4 both politioal and financial measures,
it is poseible tewin over and buy over lag of the entire puppet torso,
*bent 90,003. An4 this figure is given as the basis for the budget so-
tinates.
34 The bedipot is divided into two pastes
a) 4udget for buying and winning over puppets (political
and Moeda seaJuros).
b) IAcarv. Fund.
�
ULU=
liMpendlture for sOrational
and adoinistrative: work, (keret
aetivity among popOsts inaluding
buying Inte1ligeme?5, llama and
okia perssino1)il���������������40.�
� -
�
Popments for pupp4 *Moors and
stale auchers selliitg Over � � � � � � � � � � �
Payneots for arms *ad equipment
brought OW �����ii������������������
) MiRthe aleeanei payments to
it tveip� after aiming over stow
NOSOM Pond ���40.1i,..40.�����,..#0.1,.
Total �iissoalseisisslistk,s1.,�41,411,4wp.
Amount in Gold
$7,600,000
1,443,000
s9),000
Note
Per wit among 20
divisions.
P(t000 nen)
lased en origins&
4,000,000 selaries and allowanoe"
5.000,000,
$1,0314000
Te abov4 it are emplained in detail as
fellows'
apjamillaws Whether using *Meisel or tinensial measures,
Wore the pappoW owe ism a had is noossoary to we* waft them & _boy
infogiatian, adainjatreirivo 011101111011 slut bait See persona *IN this
irsolig� The swot $?1, sot provioissally for $,100,000 for "soh division.
�
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Utillh imerailiture for cenfort and ansivding fee to
officers argraasbere owing wish (en the basis if tom ,disisiems),
mainly threvgbi anemid seasureisip are estimated as falleme$
Auk balkaiLOCAmia hattiatatia
1
Commiallat
Fintees Oemealer
Oesneatier
Oemender
411=n
Ileginsatal Oencander
WAAL= "11111114"
lo
I 30�00
00000
2)0�00
4100�00
).0004,1X1
10,000.00
141144 *ma a los *op*** e � *tette se � **so �� �� � � It 0 *���
$ 'MOO
100,000
71,000
10,000
90,000
=I 000
015,000
lispinditure fir essfert sad awarding fee to officers of the other tem dip�
videos breuglEt ever mainly throughp.litiul measures* will be cne-half
of the,above rum. $360.000.00,
A:lir" *Awe aied staff members regardlees of *ether they are
ever through pintail measures or fininsial bribes, are to be
uNied wertias te their rank, Is that the number of such personnel
differs with iota unit* expenditure for this is previsiemally set at
$00,000.00.
This opeaditigeoi imslusive of all these points under the sound item. Now
4141111111 tO $1,4415.000.00.
21"tlla. rop for paymentar
for ms and equipment
brew" evertir a e
" dimIll=tiseming over mainly through financial
bribing) are Aisted as felLessii
maiuchmidamdas
illobis bliiitill111011
24100 $ 30.00
400 $0.00
)00 )0.00
)00 110.00
150 10104011
130
40
4t:
1,0
10040
1.0011.00
NSA
3001.
000M040.0o0,4411.00004100,011coOoseiiiiit4i
Proper sessat:ef mord sdaaill gives
soot ether thew *Hie esaikained la the
Weiglot Wtov the **divide*. OM*
are to be einidnir sawiA sot Om.
third item MO*. W GOMM
Istal
$4,01000
104000
11,000
120000
40000
0,000
4000
$$%000
014 01104*
4cipemditure far
a
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to. 4
nistimOgingso Thio is to be used as followsli
a) 1 After the peppste osee ever sod are ree:11:2:d they
are *1e boopikid at tbs.:obi/WI eateries and es for
thsepoime0000 illerstiss�
ithisrisediture far *des Utak seeessary supplamentery
sad material meoded�
e)
To soldiers soles ever HOOK sifts will be gives.
d) Sebsidles whoa meeeedar, for helping est or mottling
semi puppet families*
edItsrs 1r this purpose per division per meth is estimated at
I)N,IS, mettes the tetel for three mouths (an the basis 05 10 divide's)
"100,004
The total tor the her items listed above moots to $14 n4000000. the
bone listen above for papmeets to mea or for eqtpmest brought over will
be reselated tied adjusted ta praetise to stit the oitstMg oiremmetaases�
kesemste will be stvee for amesets used.
nealialUkai� Swerve Fund� This is to be used for the taw
loft pompom*
Sims sposkposoibilities present themselves for sabotage sad demelttise
work throes% motes pippoto for destrustise of gush thins' as hews" air*
MIAs" airerNft" militery devote areemale" aid military fastories", mimes"
suitlear IOWA." hopises' iharvos" skips" trod's' tweeds" os
and vesiseeM3Lia,y amstanetions" this ea' be put to use'
wit
of souse* shoold be serried est seeordims to the seeds et ailitary
esoustiesso It 14 impossible to duo up a seesrete plot and *Idiot at
1::� iliroLU be tam lot free the reserve fad AO respired ter
it:Tospommoissi se asomaties beads.
tor IAN met Otis ers or soldiers to assassimate 'vow
fit tkas 44ars levy and Air Parsee is els* to be base out, of the
losorvo PO*
-the volt lilted in bviplas over plIpoets' Wore id3 Pribm
or siltreordiestr eisposses shit* *soot be finesse and
he Om* timi the referee hods
Ai* Iptappf" beim 01147000041X)
!giro hot jel
$140/00000411
I.
:14(i. � "
0111)
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OFFICE OF STRATEGIC SERVICES
SOUTH EAST ASIA
ATO 432, NYC
�
: major
�
ueneral
sv �
W. Donovan
SUBJECT:: Personal Observation
: Burma
(45.4�0 4.1-4
29 :anuclry 104,
S
f.4 1.4 �At
of the uhinese in Northern
1. Brief HipIarz. It is believed that before any
oonolusiqns oan be drawn conoerning the uhinese soldier,
the un1t6 and the leaders that it would be beat to go back
and ooveri a little of the history of the (hinese Army in
India tCA1), and the system under which it is operated.
: a. The Chinese Army in India was formed from
two uh1nei3e Divisions on the initial evacuation of Burma in
1942. The divisions, 22nd and 38th, were given an exten-
ape periO of training at Rangerh for nearly a year. They
were first moved into Lido sector in may 1943. The' 38th was
the firat aaployed, but its tactics were poor mostly due to
over oautlon. The 22nd was then employed on the southern
sector to(make a successful wide encircling movement, rrom
that toad onward a spirit of oomretition developed between
the 38th 6ind 22nd Divisions, which was oulminated only on
removal of the 22nd Division to:y4na in December 1944. It
is my belJlof that this spirit of oompetition was one of the
major faot:prs in the uhinese drive through the 4t,tI1:awns.
;
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oi.etot:MA TR',ArttltvilliVitgrer-,51reFv-.0144;#413t
- .
-'. .... ,I, ., ,
t 'k'
i - The I 0#14oe- 30thiDividibn wap f0
--40wn,-
..;..,
Oflt
.,�
-vhina to India in the 4413e of 1943-andapent, about Ox
i
monthn training at Itangarh. They Wella moved into Ananm early
,
in 1944. nnd finally put into notion in J.Jurma in April.
1
.50th DlYieiOn waa flown direot from uhina to Aga= and put
into notion about May 1944. The lent divinion to arrive wao
t4e 14th, whioh W60 flOWA direatly into maingkwango mimeo
aM ptokti into notion. Theae five Diviniona W@PO all preaent
in bura in Auguat gt the olooe of the Momung. and Wtkying
omp4100. At thin time two uhineae armlet' were oreated. The
lot Arm*, inelUding the 38tho 30tho and 14th Oiviaionoo waa
under �rand of ueneral dun, formar MT, Oth
voncr41.Liao, formally ot th(1 Undt took oommand of the 6th
Army maae up of tho 22n4 and g)th Diviaiono.
The only other UtlineW) Infantry embat unit
to apper it the lat uhiflono wowilando Ilagimont, which in
�
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Drmation, coordination, and supply.
2. Individual uhinese-woldAer. In general, the oom- '
�efficieney of the individual Uhinese soldier of uAI is
41rect151 proportionate to his traininG and eombat experienee.
ror thaV reason rambers of the 22n4 and 38th Wcvisions �Quid
hardly Le oompared With those of the 14th or yOth Divisions.
The 30t4 As nomewhat in between. members of the 22nd ,and
38th aro well trtilned battle veteranu, and I would say that
the comat efficieney or these soldiers ie opal to that of
an Ame4oan InfantP^y soldier, in un4 ighting probably
superior. Their very nature makes them highly adaptable.
2
whey 61,0 ()tanning, oan endure unbelievable hardships, have
the abil.ity to aet alone, and have no fear of death. The
;
diueipline and sanitation of those troops in excellent. very
few oa4s of old uhinese looting ountoms,have resulted from
these troopa, and the individual soldier takes ouch good
(sere of. himself end his equipment that he appears renAy for
dreosiparade at the height of battle.
A
: When the 30th end 50th divisions appeared in
�
Mortheth Burma, the individual soldiers or these units were
very stMlar to the ordinary Army recruit. whoir training
had bo oh fair but had not boon applied in modern eombat.
they 1oi4 great tendencies to mill about and to expose them-
selves ito onomy Tire. Ahough they 4d no fear of death,
�
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they were highly exoltoble AnAiligny of their ooto were
11Totionoli 110W@V@Ps th@9.4MatltiOD of the nukowng, Moouno,
And myitkrisno offmpelqnn proved A nhAkedown for thene troopni
end from tfiln point onwordn their ocmli ttwde Witiinugh
bc-Ater.
lin mentionint4 the indlviduol uhihene eoldler, one
of the me4 poluto for oonniderAtion to hie Ability to 4ot
Alone. neioon go out in the jungle with very little on him
permon ondiremoin tor long periode of tiro, ID thin renpeot
�
he in veryieimIler to th@ dep. In my eetimAtion A well
troined, wall equipped, bottle WiP@ Ohinege eoldier hon no
eoual In tie
3* ,UnItMe. (A) UAll unit, Am 4 POP111% of the troin=
'="4
in,�! the om�11 unite oomponien, ploto(?no, ond A9uado) hAd
0@lif@d ot Rongorh, they entered oombot with m Rood warking
Knowledge t the tegtion of emeller unite, Thio WA borne
out In th0 intitol flUt?:P4 of the gukAwng volley where the
gmoller 11,0te would go Abemd And h000mpLigh thEAr 014@otiv@
denpite tlie foot thot the lerge unit often beoqme dinoronized.
The leogoRA of the moiler unite were generolly Dm:liter enlinted
rnnneleotied by merit. AP renult the unit n hAd oampetent
leodern gAd hod good tom work within the unit.
: b. WITT@ unite. In the orly ntetw of tho huknwng
;
ompgiol,;both the 22nd And )8th piviolong hod Lendenolem to
�
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bnaomm dinorganizad and to lona oontrol. AR th� oftmraign
progrannad thin Wd5 oorraotad, and at tha pronant tim
wouldfnay that thair oontrol iR nuparior. Thin Jaok
trol pan alno avidanood in adoh of tho nowly arrivad divinionn.
in t4a Mooting oampaign. whioh W150 th6 firnt nmploymant of
CA 210th javioion, none of tho bdttalionn know what tha bat-
taliOnon
it flanka wo.la doint and am a raault thty oftan
angapd in fira fiehto batwaan
1
Pro&aonad, thay would
Ac tha oombat
of 0Pdar. ond tha
to Tar an tha )0th
in that it won
At pronant, I would rata tha uhinono DiViRIOAR
ftiOthl and )0'0. Tha ragimanto and bottuliond
of !the )V.th olvinion hrtl, all Weal tPdifled and wall lad and
ot0Lba o'xpaotad to go on Individual minnionm. The ra4mantn
ofitho Ath tavidion tlr@ vohohing thio ottigo but otill hmq)
NW) trial mid @vrov to plo tlirouqh. who 36th Divinion in
prpbably tht poor(Jot of tho lot and hon a long wdy to go.
Th0 primary rodbon for thin, 1'bolioNa, in Jtm look of load-
ar'phip�
4. votieon, Who tdoto n of tha amallar unitn aro
gaborally Rkood, wh otion of the) lwar unitn 0Y6
ally typifiad by tha ohdrootar'of tha oommandorm. ror
*
foomplo, 4anaral ouno oommOding-uanoral oP th6 38th pivioion
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/08/05 : CIA-RDP13X000ni Rnnni !VIA ttr_s
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(now Pitt Army), initially believed only in frontal attdoks
,
A@ thiv campaign wore on, kieneral Wtillwall made an effort
I
to oortyinoe General oun that the bit tootios to employ wore
wide 41anking movements with nooemsary holding attaeko. After
I
a few 6riala at thia, whioh all ended in suceesa, ueneral wun
deviseil a flanking and road blook oydtem whioh ha odn near1y
�
alwaysibe expeeta0 to employ. uis greateat aueeasa dt this
wds initho oeton blook who hii slipbed OAC) regiment on@ hun-
dred idles In the roar of the imps, dug them in, and lot the
�
4apo nor tpemelven out trying to get them out. Avery time
thin toinion has the opportunity they employ thia nyatm,
1
whioh 1,50 fa,* hos proved mat matiefaotory. Anothor example
A
OL the Offielenoy of the well trained diviaion waa when the
38th osOturcid Mogdung. The British fitl@ bat% employing on
brigadelet moguang from the oouth when the uhinese arrived I
on the iloene from the vorth. After a oonferfinco with the
britishimrigadier, it was dooidod to pull the mritiah out .
?
and let !the 4)1inaae try their hand. Attar d r000nnaima@noe
4;
I
A
017 the Otuation, the,whineteAommandar0 to the utter mate*
;1
milt of tile mritish, (Welded, to *Mploy ono battalion. The
I:
�,..c...,
attook b4.gan at dawn and by ten o!olook the town Wdij in his
I
,
...,
,
hands anstresulted in ATp0;0**t. ffliken Ohinemo-dead to
,,,1,-i . - .,'F,' f ; ' ,-.7.: .1;,,, . �
9
130 4spe. .-,:,i ' e" '/:' , '';!. �tkis , Z
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the raro Valley, approximately 150 miles from its base,
wherie it was confronted with an equal number of Japs. The
tactics employed in this battle cut the 'saps off from any
posslble supply and left them open to attack from all sides.
AS airesult the entire Taro Valley was secured and cost the
4aps!approximately 500 with very mall losses to the Regiment
of tile 22nd.
J. believe that the tactics of the 22nd and 38th
DivOions are at present very good. The 50th is becoming
much i better, although they lack the combat experience of the
22n& and 38th. The 30th have just one system of tactics
sim/V.y push and pull.
5. yraining, The training given the uhinese Divisions
by the American school at Eangarh has been the keynote to the
succ'eSs of the uhinefle combat divisions. AS stated previously,
the 4ombat efficiency of these units is directly proportionate
to the training they received at Rangarh. Of course, to all
this zust be added the combat experience each of them has
4
gain.pd, did not attend any of their training at Raniarh,
butorrom what I have seen of the way the uhinese soldier.;
A
take care of their arms and equipment, their weapons and
base training must have been excellent. rrom what I have �
seenithus far I believe that any group of uhinese with prop-
erlselected officers could be trained and welded into a
goostorabat
4-
I
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45
: 6.
ventral
During tho couroo of'tho
hukavinctopaign an odd oituation aro@ ao R rooult of tho
4ap atiqok on lmphals All tio Amorican officoro, including
tionorol 6tillwoll, woro trying to got tho uhin000 to prom
(mod do6A tho valloy, but for oix wooko tho uhinono otood
pat and;did not movo. Many of tho ofricoro In P0A0 hondm
quartorti were of the opinlon that uhungking hod loaued Inotruom
tlohs to their field oommondern that thay would not movo until
tho oltuatIon woo olorlfled, Thoro aro m
. exm
oxamploo-
bo tho di
of thlo control from hIrlher oirle. exomples mlght
or
oponalon of Important al.
.o. loowflt, Moo@
novor roach combat (4.-2. Oome of the patrolo nent out to con-
t6ct uhlAomo itfuerIllao aro oont out without notifloation to
h0A0 hoWuprtoro� it lo cLo kngwn thot thoro aro oovoral
radian wiWn �noh of the Ithlolono whloh hove dlpeot oon-
toot wIth ;:unknown otationo, hut it lo generally belleved
theoe otattono oohtoot uhuhakIne dlreotly�
70 Ltionlolja� The Uhineme.hnve PPOV@TI 17410)1104 VRO
.
eopeolallyiahmtable to the lormf4r weapono, namely, tanko,
krtIllerytiond heavy mortarft. The tank unit of 20110 in tho
4 :
.A ;
only vhIneOefunit that Jm diroctly AmerJoen led, klowovort,
, ,
A z
the ouborCintAtei oommando Pr@ oll uhinono 10. Durina tho
()curb@ of *0 North /Ammo oainipaIgn thim tank unit, totalling
, :
75, lont'o19,y1:9-tanko to onomy action. Bight of thomo woro
light:4mb bncl-Onci tt modium tonke
1
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/08/05: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100430001-6
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uormuftvotfgqq, @t41. ao uo qnq '410% kiuim
oNg @a4A @dbli p41 pug 4p14 wig poT 4Tuo -0411 4'44 v4aTj
fpf qoav Xawtoq itgtmooAqdCaoTTT1,4u duo offi 51001IN
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Vumgknff jo (OW41100 @IN, WT4up wow): icuuw 'ATTAA9 4Totift
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S EC R Ear
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BASIC � 140 to Dow fr Christian dtd 6 Nov 44 w/two reports re Stilwell's
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blotch HEOdquarters, 0.S.S.S.U. Detachment 202, APO 879, 10 November, 1944
TOs Colonil John G. Coughlin, Hq & Hq Det., OSS, C & IB, APO 885
1. 4oference to your cable No. 108 dated 27 October 1944, I con�
tacted Mr. ;bristian and asked him to find out for me all he could regard�
ing GentraliStilwell's removal from China.
2. The enclosed lottop written to me by Mr. Christian, and the
two enclosed reports, are forwarded for your information.
ARDLN W. DOW
Lt. Col., Inf.
2nd W/ind
WOO, CIS, CHINA & INDIA�BURMA THEATERS, APO 885, 16 November 44
TO: Director, OSS, Washington, D. C.
ATTN: Colonel John G. Coughlin.
loorwarged.
Fdy the Commanding Officer:
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