UTILIZATION OF NRP U-2R AIRCRAFT

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CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7
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RIPPUB
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T
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44
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December 15, 2016
Document Release Date: 
August 25, 2003
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1
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REPORT
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Approved For Release 2003lp6SI P33-02415A0005001 Opb~1-7 UTILIZATION OF NRP U-2R AIRCRAFT I. INTRODUCTION II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM III. DETERMINATIONS IV. RECOMMENDATIONS V. DISCUSSION A. Sources of Data B. Requirements C. History of Operations Procurement of U-2 Aircraft Other Costs Present Posture D. Capabilities E. Survivability F. Alternate Postures G. U-2 Program Costs Cost Chart A. DIA Statements on Reconnaissance Value 25X1 B. II Report on Information Gathered C. OSI Report on Information Gathered D. CIA Operational Missions E. Mission Coverage F. OSA R&D G. Avionics Development H. Ancillary Mission Accomplishments NSA, DIA, NRO, USAF reviews completed 25X1 25X1 NRO 25X1 Annfqud For Release 2003/$ t+~l~d{E3P33-02415A00050016~o6 G'~- OF COPIES ~IVV tIJJ EXCLUDE'DUFROM AAUUTOMATICC REGRADING PAGE 2 OF PAGES DOD DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY Page 3 3 10 11 13 14 17 25X1 Approved For Release 2003) 6S lP33-02415A000Nl9001-7 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 The DNRO, through the auspices of the CIA, Office of Special Activities, maintains a fleet of six U-2R aircraft which are available for covert photographic and SIGINT missions. At the present time, the principal deployed unit, with two U-2R aircraft, is From this base, conduct missions along the coast ance of the U. S. Navy carrier forces and the an additional capability for worldwide deployment has been demonstrated. The Strategic Air Command also maintains an additional fleet of six U-2R aircraft of which two U-2Rs are deployed against the national requirement in Southeast Asia. and the island of Cuba.. There are ten U-2C aircraft in the NRP inventory, two of which are used for test and training missions with the remainder in flyable storage. The Air Force Systems Command also operates three older U-2s as platforms for carrying experimental equipment. II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM mainland China. on many penetration missions in the U-2 but In the past 25X1 since September 1968 the aircraft I have been restricted to flying 20 miles off the coast of China. To obtain permission for these flights, it has been necessary for the DNRO to make a monthly request to the 303 Committee. 25X1 Inclement weather and extraordinary political considerations, flights in calendar year 1968 to three missions while seven peripheral missions were flown.- In calendar year 1969, no overflights have been authorized, but eight peripheral mis- sions have been flown as of this date. The present FY 1970 and the forecast 1971 costs for the quent overflights and the dollar expenditure, the question 25X1 NRO U-2 Program are approximately II Considering the infre- 25X1 NRO 25X1 25X1 CONTROL NO moved For Release 2003fV~ S~ 33-02415A000500160 V OF COPIES EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE 3 OF PAGES DOD DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY 25X1 Approved For Release 2003I1096S P33-02415A00050'04 G? O1-7 has arisen: "Is the a.yailable capability worth the price?" Therefore, a committee was established to determine: 1. The national requirement for the U-2R capability.' 2. The least expensive posture and mode of operation to continue such a, capability. 25X1 A formal statement of the value of the reconnaissance by a. U-2R has been received from the DIA and is included in this report as Attachment A. Summarizing the memora,nda.,, the primary mission. of the U-2R is photographic intelligence. The secondary mission is ELINT. Each mission is planned in accordance with the COMIREX target deck for the photographic portion and CIA for the ELINT portion. The photographic collection is evidently of some value, having for example been the first to detect aircraft at an airfield near Shanghai and data on a suspect advanced weapons related facility. By comparison, satellite photography is often hindered by cloud cover in the South China area. However, the ELINT collection is considered to be of marginal value, presumably because DIA receives a. routine early readout of the slow-speed tape from the Pacific Elec- tronics Center, It is of interest to note that the Chinese Communists consider the U-2R to be a, prime target for intercept and cause the entire air defense to be activated. This permits the collection of very valuable operational (a.s opposed to tech- nica.l) ELINT. Both the NSA and CIA/OSI analyze the high- speed tape and believe that unique data, have been gathered as reported in Attachments B and C. . The CIA/OSA purchased the 12 U-2Rs and has performed all the testing of the aircraft as well as installation and testing 25X1 25X1 Lt. Col. USAF NRO Dr. F. Robert Naka, DDNRO, Chairman 25X1 NRO IX1 ' Approved For Release 2003~O ~~ 33.02415A00050016~~T~'~ Ni COPY ^ OF COPIES EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE 4OF PAGES 000 DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY 25X1 25X1 25X1 NRO Approved For Release 2003TOQ6S[ 11P33-02415A000500160001-7 of systems. The first U-2R was delivered in August 1967 and the twelfth, in December 1968. CIA/OSA turned six U-2Rs over to the Strategic Air Command and trained the initial pilots. The CIA U-2R can be deployed worldwide on 24 hours'notice either from the home base at Edwards Air Force Base or its operational base a.t For a. single opera- tional mission from a deployment base, only one C-141 carrying support personnel and the fly-away kit of spares and AGE equipment need accompany the U-2R. Fuel must be brought in separately, however. For sustained mission capability from a deployed base, more support is naturally required. As a reliable, safe aircraft, the U-2R has exceeded its expectations. Normal attrition was forecast to have been two aircraft by now. The difficult period of aircraft test and pilot transition and training has been completed and about 5,000 hours have been flown without a single loss. The survivability of the U-2R flying against mainland China is high. The MIG-21 lacks the altitude capability to be planned to fly around these sites a.nd,if a previously unlocated SA-2 is encountered, sufficient warning equipment is carried aboard a U-2R to permit employment of evasive In areas of considerable cloud cover, reconnaissance is more easily accomplished from aircraft than satellite. Air- craft can be rescheduled for favorable photography whereas unmanned satellites are committed to an orbit on launch. In addition NFU- 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 NRO OHTROL? Approved For Release 2003/r~433-02415A00050016u001- '' uu 'a 1L. COPY OF COPIES EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE 5 OF PAGES DOD DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY 25X1 Approved For Release 2003l@p6Sf 33-02415A000S00'190001-7 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 The U-2R is the only covert manned aircraft in the NRO inventory. It is easily deployed for crisis reconnaissance. Daily photographic missions can be flown. Although the SR-71 can be flown for the NRO in time of stress, it is-known to be a. Strategic Air Command aircraft and its functions may be mistaken. Further, it is more difficult and much more expen- sive to deploy and employ. Combining the two fleets has been examined from time to time and the conclusions have been, and still are, that it is not economical or palatable because of construction costs, security problems, personnel transfers, political considera- tions, mission assignment, etc. As long as there are more than eight U-2Rs in the inventory, combining the fleets does not seem reasonable. Any changes in the basing a.t should be coordinated with the Department of State. Since the agreement is up for renewal next March, any change should be planned now. The CIA U-2R fleet should be retained in a. covert opera- tional posture under the present political environment. Daily photographic missions can be flown if the need arises. The Strategic Air Command fleet should also be retained in an operational posture to satisfy present overt national requirements. The NRP budget for the U-2R should be maintained as low NRO as is reasonably consistent with keeping the capability for operational employment. About per year is considered a reasonable amount. The present configuration of the U-2R should be frozen until procurement of advanced equipments is required. For example, the installation of the should be completed, but the s ould not be procured. In August 1969 the CIA/OSA reduced its operating budget in FY 1970 from FY 1969 by about ODepending upon the international situation and considering lead time and costs, the CIA/OSA should continue cost reduction programs. 25X1 NRO NRO 25X1 NRO 1 ONT 0 Approved For Release 2003/ r( IA{ 33-02415A00050016 OTP~- OF COPIES EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC i REGRADING PAGE 6 OF PAGES DOD DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY 25X1 25X1 should be continued. Contingency worldwide deployment plans should be completed and consideration given to a. deployment Ti 25X1 Research and development programs to insure aircraft survivability; increased performance; a determination of new mission capabilities, such as ELINTI 25X1 should be conducted provided the cost is modest. Cost sharing in programs, such a.s of equatorial zones being attempted by the Army Com- mand, should be pursued. Collateral missions (such as photographing the California. oil slick, snow depth, etc.) during training missions should be continued. A plan for recoupment of mission costs from the requesting agencies should be considered. Combining of the CIA and Strategic Air Command fleets should be considered when the mission accomplishment capabil- ity of either unit is being degraded by aircraft attrition. The combined fleet should be expected to be about eight air- craft by the time the amalgamation has been completed. At the present time, North Base appears to be the best location. Should there be a substantial change in the intelligence community's requirements or a. major political variant, then a re-examination of the U-2 retainability as an NRP asset would be warranted. V. DISCUSSION A. Sources of Data. To determine the requirement for continuation of the U-2 reconnaissance capability, briefings were obtained from the COMIREX, SORS, CIA, NPIC, NSA, and DIA. Although the committee's principal emphasis was on the U-2R, whenever possible, briefings on related systems were obtained. For example, the committee was exposed to the manned SR-71; the drones, TAGBOARD and 147T; and satellites. The value of crisis reconnaissance was discussed with the CIA. The committee visited various Air Force bases and installations to determine comparative values, uses, costs, 25X1 NRO 25X1 25X1 Approved For Release 2003'op6U#EVP33-02415A0005QM001-7 worldwide deployment exercises, such as RO N CONTROL NO Approved For Release 2003/Oflp : c ftI f'333-02415A000500160P,Qi-7 OF EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE 7 OF !_ PAGES 25X1 Approved For Release 2003/ fO s 33-02415A0005001$dW-7 and operational capabilities of aircraft, drones, and satel- lites. At Davis Montha.n Air Force Base (SPC) the H-147 drone and the Strategic Air Command U-2 Detachment were observed. At Edwards Air Force Base the CIA U-2 Detachment and AFSC U-2 facility were visited. The Lockheed facility at Palmdale, used for IRAN of the U-2 and storage of the A-12, was also visited. Capabilities of the SR-71.and TAGBOARD drone at Beale Air Force Base were investigated. 25X6 25X1 Mr. William McAfee of the State Department on the present and possible future political restrictions to U-2 overflight of denied territory and on a. comparison of the U-2 and other reconnaissance vehicles as related to the political impact of each. B. Requirements Attachments A, B, and C are letters relating to the value of the U-2R reconnaissance received from the Defense Intelligence Agency, the National Security Agency, and the CIA/Office of Scientific Intelligence. History of Operations Procurement of U-2 Aircraft. The NRO purchased all 12 U-2R aircraft. The CIVOSA took delivery of all aircraft, installed all systems aboard, tested the aircraft, trained the initial pilots, and delivered six aircraft to SAC while retaining six. The CIA/OSA for the NRO performed and is performing all the R&D tests for the entire 12 aircraft, including such things as life support equipment. Other Costs. The NRO purchased all new systems (cameras, ECM) and spares for the 12 aircraft and delivered them to the Air Force Depot at Warner Robins Air Force Base. The Air Force maintains the inventory and delivers the equip- ment to both fleets. Both the CIA and SAC supply additional funds to maintain their Operational capability. For example, support personnel at Davis Monthan Air Force Base. 25X1 25X1 25X1 NRO Aped For Release 2003/Q~( -,QIp,#D T33-02415A000500166~1N.. DCOPIES EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE 8 OF PAGES DOD DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY A NRO Approved For Release 2003 8P6 SE 33-02415A000500160001-7 25X1 Present Posture. The CIA aircraft force consists 25X1 of four planes at Edwards Air Force Ens- (netachment M 2nd two at the Far East deployment base (Detachment H ) . All aircraft are m - tionally ready" posture. Both bases have a. capability for worldwide deployment on a 24-hour notice and, depending on the deployment base distance, could be airborne on an opera- tional mission in about 45 to 55 hours after notification. 25X6 MIG aircraft and SA-2 missiles. Sufficient camera, equipment and are maintained at all U-2 bases to satisfy those requirements levied by the intelligence community. At present the CIA detachment s 25X1 limited to peripheral missions 20 miles off the coast of China. A list of the missions flown during calendar years 1968 and 1969 is attached (Attachment D). A map showing the coverage provided during these flights is shown in Attachment E. (Note: Not shown is the coverage of Laos, Cambodia., and Cuba by the USAF/SAC.) Detachment G at Edwards Air Force Base is respon- sible for maintaining capability worldwide ra.'nin all pilots 25X6 and per orming the necessary R&D or main- taining the a.ircra.ft--both CIA and SAC--in an operationally ready posture, i.e., systems, sensors, a.ircraft.performance, etc. A list of the U-2 oriented activities provided by the CIA R&D division is a.tta.ched (Attachment F). A prodigious effort of the test phase is the qual- ification of the developed ECM systems. This is discussed in detail in Attachment G. The CIA detachments have flown 3,153 hours in calendar year 1968--2,073 hours in the U-2C and 1,080 hours in the U-2R. During 1969 (cut-off date is 1 October) they have flown 1,761 hours in the U-2R and 355 hours in the U-2C. NRO 1 R 1Ybved For Release 2003/ JJLLtt,,1~~fG ff Fp~33-02415A000500166~NbRiL- COPY OF COPIES EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE 9 OF PAGES 000 DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY 25X1 Approved For Release 2003T(ri 6SEURFRP33-02415A0005001N1 3-7 The Air Force Strategic Air Command maintains a fleet of six U-2Rs--four at the home base of Davis Monthan AFB, one at McCoy Air Force Base for Cuban coverage, and one at for use over Laos and Cambodia. Eighteen it orce p-17-5-As are trained and operationally ready to satisfy mission requirements levied on this unit. In addition to the above, the CIA and USAF detach- ments provide aircraft, sensors, etc., as necessary to satisfy a myriad of requests from many departments of the Government. 1,058 sorties were flown during the past calendar year in support of these ancillary flights. However, these were flown during training missions. A list is shown at Attachment H. D. Capabilities The U-2R, a very high-altitude 25X1 aircraft with long range capability I Inau- 25X1 tical miles) is well suited to various unique missions. Some of these missions are comparable to those being provided by other aircraft but the high altitude and long endurance makes it particularly suitable for specific penetration areas, i.e., Cuba, Laos, South China, etc. The ECM equipment oriented against SAM sites and airborne intercept, plus the aircraft's capability to fly above those levels necessary for co-altitude aircraft intercept, enhance its probability of returning from penetration missions. (Note: See paragraph E for survivability discussion) The various missions capable of being flown by the U-2 are as follows: 1. Photographic?. The U-2 carries various proven photographic systems which include the H Camera, B Camera, Optical Bar, and Delta III Camera. These configurations are capable of pro- viding coverage varying from specific pinpointed targets through a horizon-to-horizon coverage by the tracker. 25X1 1 ~~11 NRO CONIRO AAi P/ed For Release 2003/M effl g~ A ~~pp33-02415A00050016QDgp1 L ND DF COPIES T tiff G 1 EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE 10 OF PAGES DOD DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY 25X1 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Next 2 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Approved For Release 200'qW EWTP33-02415A00050016000~1 7-O 25X1 NRO 25X1 From time to time, the subject of combining the CIA and SAC fleets on a single base has been considered. The notion is that such a combining would result in more economi- cal operations, particularly since two aircraft were expected to be lost during the period of aircraft,tests and pilot transition and training. It is significant, howeve , that no aircraft have been lost to date. A recent study concerning NRO the combining of the fleets at Davis Monthan Air Force Base concluded that the costs of the new facilities required, about I I would be prohibitive. In addition, about would be 25X1 expended in moving the detachment. Interrogation o 'the commanders at Edwards North Base, Davis.Montha.n AFB,and Beale AFB resulted in the same answer. As Air Force bases are phased down in economy moves, it might be possible to employ one of these bases for consolidation. Rijoh -q move would still require the costs of relocation. as con- 25X1 jected sidered as an alternate combined fleet base bu-C was because of higher costs and compromise of a covert base. G. U-2 Program Costs The determination 'of program costs is predicated on the following ground rules. The line items listed herein are only those that reflect direct operating and maintenance costs for both fleets, the negative film and community duplicate film requirements, and the known investment costs (FY 1969 new systems procurement). The Air Force and CIA contributions, although substantial, were not included since this study covers only the FY 1971 NRP dollars. A description of each line item is as follows: 1. U-2R Investment. Included in this is pro- curement of electronic and photographic systems, i.e., 25X1 25X1 2"Relocation of IDEALIST Project to Davis Montha.n AFB, Arizona" 14 March 1967 , NRO N,Qnproved For Release 20031' IZ SfW33-02415A00050016(~WA1-7' OF COPIES KK CCJJ EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRAOINO PAGE 14 PAGES DOD DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY 25X1 Approved For Release 2003/0T10P: S 33-02415A00050016000'1'0 NRO IRIS II, OS MK III, etc. No investment figures are NRO given other than those actually approved by the DNRO. For example, in FY 1970 the U-2R investment 25X1 request was of which was approved. 25X1 A bud etas su ss -on would include items such as 25X1 and others; but this approval would depend on enemy threat, aircraft safety, etc. As such, these items are not included in the FY 1971 operating and maintenance costs since the U-2R Program could very well operate for several years without additional investment. 25X1 25X1 25X1 NRO 2. U-2 Common. This includes the necessary spares, over aul an _repair of spares, factory engineering, materiel handling, and security neces- sary for supporting all the fleets (including,the AFSC aircraft). It supports the airframe, cameras, electronic systems, and life support equipment. 3. IDEALIST (CIA) Peculiar. This item pro- vides for the necessary tec nic-a. representatives, spares, and modification kits for those items which are peculiar to the CIA effort only. It f>rthpr 4. SENIOR YEAR (SAC) Peculiar. This includes those items o spares, modifications to equipment, technical representatives, and other minor peculiar items that are required for sustaining the SAC fleet, other than items that are common to all 12 aircraft. 5. General R&D (U-2R Aircraft Related Only). The amount shown for FY 1971 is an arbitrary figure which assumed a. requirement for various projects and studies which would enhance the survivability and performance of the U-2 aircraft. 6. The amounts shown here are for tht; %_'U1I1JJ.LUt'_LUILJ U_L the operational capability EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE 1. OF PAGES DOD DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY NRO 25X1 CONTRO N '~- ~-Proved For Release 2003/1 Rr33-02415A00050016gD90 25X1 Approved For Release 200 JropE"-NP33-02415A000500160001`i for this equipment in FY 1970. FY 1971 forecast costs were not included pending a. release by higher. authority for this type of mission. 7. U-2 Film. This provides for the negative film used by both SAC and the IDEALIST Program plus the duplicate film required by the intelligence community for the IDEALIST take. NRO ApljslRed For Release 2003/01tp: 13-02415A000500160QAa-7L--- EKCLUDEO FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE 16 OF . PAGES DOD DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY Approved For Release 2003//1(W6SE P33-02415A000500160'0'01=7 NRO NRO 25X1 U-2R Investment U-2 Common IDEALIST (CIA) Peculiar SENIOR YEAR (SAC) Peculiar General R&D 25X1 25X1 FY 1969 FY 1970 FY 1971 Obligations Approvals Forecast **Countermeasures R&D related to U-2s not included in these tabulations NRO A ed For Release 2003/ .SfflM33-02415A00050016q wi-7t- 25X1 EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE 17 OF PAGES DOD DIRECTIVE $200.10 DOES NOT APPLY Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 TAB Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Approved for Release 2003/09 btFA -R~DP33-02415A000500160001-7 S-0941/XX SUBJECT:, ,Evaluation.CHURCH DOOR Mission -C259C Results (S) 2 4 NOV 1969 TO: Dr. F. Robert Naka Deputy Under Secretary of the Air Force (Space Systems) 1. (S) The CHURCH DOOR mission flown on provided the best quality coverage received from this source during t e past year. The following results were obtained: a. The presence of the G class ballistic missile submarine (SSB) at the There was no apparent change in the sail area of the submarine, indicating that no modification of the unit has taken place. 25X1 b. The location'of three R class submarines underway 25X1 This is the first CHURCH DOOR photography of submarines underway since mission DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY WASHINGTON,'D.C. 20301 c. Two minor ground installations were covered which had not been photographed since d. The operational status of 12 airfields, eight occupied and four unoccupied, along' the e. The operational status of one SAM site was confirmed as active with six possible SA-2's on launchers. f. A probable agricultural landing strip at was noted for the first time. The lack of construction activity and materials plus the local terrain indicates this is not construction of a jet capable airfield at this location. g. Other coverage from this mission was of a routine nature but provided the oblique coverage valuable to coast and landing beaches, ports and other coastal installations. 2. (S) As indicated in the previous DIA evaluation, the primary value of these missions is as a supplement to other collection systems. Despite the lack of highly significant information from this mission, it is still believed that the CHURCH DOOR Program is a valuable asset in support of special DOD intelligence needs. FOR THE DIRECTOR 1 rEANCrs A. CAPPaLErri Colonel. USAF Clde& Special Activlfleg Off& Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160,QQ a7,1,,,p?t SECRET - NRO 25X1 25X1 25X1 TOP SECRET Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A 00500160001-7 DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGEN,ir WASHINGTON, D.C. 20301, 21 OCT i86S SUBJECT: CHURCH DOOR PROGRAM TO: Dr. F. Robert Naka Deputy Director, National Reconnaissance Office In response to your verbal request, the attached Tabs represent the DIA view on the value of the CHURCH DOOR Program. Specifically addressed are the CHURCH DOOR imagery capability (TAB A), and the 25X1 CHURCH DOOR capability (TAB B). RANCIS R. CAPPELLE Colonel, USAF Chief, Special Activities Office 2 Enclosures a/s NRO 25X1 25X1 25X1 3 T Copy --1--9(p prevv1PSr Relea1P1D03/&VP26+0EhA RDP33? Approved For Release 200T W6 :8-O2415 NRO 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 1. The CHURCH DOOR Program, although seriously degraded by operational NRO limitations during the past few years, remains a valuable adjunct to the KH-4 collection s stems. Its chief merits are the coverage provi e o onus targets particularly 25X1 in areas of difficult weather such as that encountered in 25X1 and along other coastal areas; the location of new coastal targets; and the lower classification of the coverage which permits a much larger work force to be applied in all phases of intelligence production. 2. Initially the CHURCH DOOR photography was used by DIAAP analysts as a primary source of information for the compilation of Lines of Communi- cation Studies, Urban Area Analyses, Demography Studies and a variety of targeting studies. The photographs also provided a ready source of illustrative material for many widely disseminated collateral studies on I kthout the expense and delays that accompany downgrading/ decontrol o more sensitive photography for this purpose. 3. The overall value of the Program has diminished in the past few years in direct proportion to the reduction in coverage and resolution. The present standoff mode has resulted in long oblique photos of a relatively narrow band along I land has increased the problems of ground haze and terrain masking. These problems were further compounded by changing from the 3-8 foot average resolution HR 73-B ("B" Configuration) Camera System to the 6- to 8-foot estimated resolution 111-B ("H" Con- figuration) Camera System. Stated in terms of interpretability, this means from good to poor resolution or from specific identification of essential elements of information to "probable vehicles and/or equipment." 4. Despite the foregoing problems, CHURCH DOOR photography continues to provide information on the dispersal and activities at 25X1 land 25X1 HUMINT-reported activities along the The most recent 25X1 examples of CHURCH DOOR-derived information are the iscovery of 19 fighter aircraft at hich was thought to be abandoned and lloiscovery o an 25X1 The attached chart indicates that Immediate Photographic Interpretation Reports of the last eight missions showed 622 targets were covered with more than 40 percent fair to good quality photos and an addi- tional 40 percent with poor quality photos but targets were still identifiable. 25X1 Approved For Release 200rO6I1 Y-02417 E 00500160001-7 Approved For hO lease 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-0241'5A000500160001-7 u RCS N N a~ H A a -4 bD N r-1 o u1 0. wa N r1 H N WOO M N in V-4 0 r-I z HO curt (70 U N 0 H N N U U r?,;~rtr,9 ?i FT )! AUTO7!'TtC T) -';A?pprdve(l For Release 2 O N In r-I r-1 a% I tn r-1 0' e1 0% %0 %0 oU~ r p~ P-. U co H ,-t 0 N r-1 r-1 U U U U U U 25X1 () D ~~ 25X1 Approved For Release iId I '6T CIA-RDP33 2415A000500160001-7 25X1 Approved Ford as ?fi0( CIA-RDP 3-02415A000500160001-7 25X1 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 TAB Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 MA ie4k ved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 GSA FFMR 4 CPR 1(911.4 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT NRO 25X1 Memorandum NRO 25X1 NRO Ati-An X3 25X1 25X1 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A00050p1600Qi-7 Buy U.S. Savings Bonds Regularly on the Payroll Savings Plan Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY FORT GEORGE G. MEADE, MARYLAND 20755 NSA Briefing Dr. Naka, 10 October 25X3 Approved For Fielease;2003/09/26: CIA-RDP33-02415AO,d0$00160001-7 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 25X3 Approved For. Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 25X3 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 25X3 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-0241.5A000500160001-7 25X3 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 TAB Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 AAA il{!M1 f Approved For ReleasligoO OJ'/N 26`'." IA-RDP33-O2415A0005001600 1-7 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20505 NRO Cy 6 NOV 1969 MEMORANDUM FOR: Deputy Director, National Reconnaissance Off ice SIGINT Highlights Provided by U-2 Flights During the Past Two Years 25X1 25X1 25X1 0 25X1 DOB program during the past two years are outlined below 4. Individual SIGINT highlight examples from 0 Approved Release 2003/09/26 25X1 Attachment to 2X3*1 00Q1-7 cl ~ 25X1 L Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Next 1 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 TAB Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 25X1 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 TAB Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 25X1 L Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 TAB Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Approved For Release 2003/09/2TQP1Sfe b2415A00050016000M0 OSA R&D - CALENDAR 1968 & 1969 U-2 ORIENTED ACTIVITIES 25X1 1. U-2R Development Program Management: Development Flight Test through 15 Oct 1968 Systems Development and Problem Resolution A. Aircraft Performance Evaluation B. Propulsion, Interface & Performance C. Ejector Assymetric Thrust D. Assymetric Fuel Feed E. Air Conditioning & Pressurization F. Engine Oil Cooling G. Constant Speed Drive & Hydraulic Oil Cooking H. Stability & Control I. Structural Demonstration J. Oxygen System K. *DC Generator Cooling L. Tail Limit Cycle Vibration M. Q-Bay Temperature & Environment N. Mission Equipment & Interface Follow-On Flight Test - 1969 A. Installed Engine Performance Calibration & Establish Engine Pressure Ratio Curve 2. Optical Bar Camera Development & Flight Test 1968 & 1969. 3. ngineering, Development, and Flight Test IOC 19 May 1969 Li. Drag Reduction - General R&D 1968 & 1969 An investigation to prove the feasibility of a drag reduction theory and apply this theory to the U-2R has been underway during this time period. The feasibility of this theory has been conclusively demonstrated with induced drag reductions of up to 30% recorded in the wind tunnel. However, translating this research type hardware will require more investigation and wind tunnel testing. 5. J-75 Performance Improvement - General R&D Studies 1969 Funded studies have been completed by LAC on the effects of proposed J75-P-13B engine performance improvements 25X1 p NRO Attachment F to proved Por Release 2003/09 @I,@~ 3-02415A0005001600OTV1`" JJGG COPY OF COPIES EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE OF PAGES DOD DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY 25X1 Approved For Release 2003/09/"PC'M-02415A0005001600HRO on performance of the U-2R aircraft and a final report has been received. Results of the LAC study indicate that the engine growth step of primary interest to R&D could provide several possible aircraft performance improvements such as an increase of 1450 ft. in altitude with a slight reduction in tota but an ncrease of 500 nautical miles in range I laltitude or an increased payload cap- abili y s. over the current mission profile with a slight loss in total range. 6. Low Altitude Quiet U-2R - General R&D Studies 1969 The Lockheed preliminary investigation of the U-2 is nearing completion. The study indicates that a significant quieting can be obtained. The sound level is still somewhat above background noise at 200 ft; however, the ability to detect the presence of the aircraft will be markedly reduced. A development program would be required to solve some of the air inlet technical problems associated with quieting the U-2 without reducing inlet and; propulsion reliability. Further testing is programmed to determine if substantial quieting is in fact necessary for covert nighttime penetration. As part of this study, a very preliminary investigation was conducted of alternate approaches to accomplish a covert low altitude mission. The study indicated that there may be a number of existing commercial aircraft with the capability to perform a completely low altitude mission. The silencing problem for these aircraft would be considerably less complex than to silence the U-2 and, additionally, they could probably be silenced to a lower noise level. The trade-off, however, may be in range. The study of these alternate aircraft is continuing in greater depth and the results will be available during the next quarter. 7. Improved Navigation System - General R&D Studies 1969 The Honeywell Corporation has completed the preliminary design effort of the Honeywell Update System interfaced with the U-2R doppler system to improve the navigation accuracy. The estimated error build-up for this system is a maximum CEP = 0.5 n.m. every 90 minutes. A briefing has been prepared summarizing the concept and capability. NRO Approved For Release 2003/09/yJ J R -02415A00050016000"7? COPY OF COPIES EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE OF PAGES DOD DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY 25X1 Approved For Release 2003/09 p C R[T3-02415A00050AR6001-7 8. Infra-Red Suppression - General R&D Studies 1968 Analytical studies and scale model hardware tests were conducted to evaluate various schemes for reducing the IR signature of the J75-P-13B engine in the U-2R aircraft. High Altitude Engine Relight Improvement - 1969 General R&D development and flight test resulted in engine combustion section burner can modification yielding an 8000 ft. altitude increase in engine relight capability. NRO Attachment F to Appr1 &For Release 2003/0970PC3C -02415A0005001600Qjv,7l OF COPIES EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE OF PAGES DOD DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 TAB Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 RR law' IAA! su Approved For Release 2003/09/(PCI5?ff-02415A00050016000'1= OSA AVIONICS DIVISION - NOTES ON SYSTEMS QUALIFICATION AND TEST FACILITY The primary responsibilities of the Avionics Division, OSA are to equip and support Systems aboard 25X1 the U-2C and U-2R reconnaissance flights of the Agency and the Air Force. In this role the Avionics Division responds to nation- al requirements for exploiting data radiated 25X1 by the opposition and by supplying technical advice for the development of systems - their installation in the vehicles; flight, qualifications and acceptance testing and also the quantity pro- curement of operational systems to equip the U-2 fleets. (Note the actual ECM development is performed by OEL/CIA under NRO auspices). Flight test instrumentation, developed under the Avionics sponsorship, is tailored to stimulate real life parameters; as currently known by the Intelligence community. There.parameters are coordinated with system R and D components and with the avail- able Intelligence data so that systems installedon the U-2 vehicles will respond adequately and reliably. Within the past two years, full scale ran e simulators have been developed and upgraded so that systems are 25X1 exercised adequately to prove rting and Active sti i o systems are provided by a series of Tests. The following systems were operationally qualified by ese tests: Additional passive and associated auxillar e uipment were tested for operational reliability with the Tests; these 25X1 were: NRO Attachment G to 25X1 ApproveOd For Release 2003/0TV: QI~4 3-02415A00050016000'1__ 1 +~G~~G COPY COPIES EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE DOD DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY 25X1 25X1 25X1 Approved For Release 2003/091yOpCeEM-02415A00050016000'1F5O collection systems collection system c. Flow time code generator - providing time correlation for data and operations d. Data Recorders - acceptance testing performed on the types GPAR-C and MC machines. 25X1 were su orted and conducted on a new resulting in its qualification and installation in e 0 - 2 F inventory for protection of the vehicle against Force aircraft. This system is currently deployed in the Air and Agency fleets. 25X1 25X1 NKU NRO 25X1 pproved For Release 2003/09/ plS f"U02415A000500160001;PZ GF COPIES EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADING PAGE OF PAGES 000 DIRECTIVE 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 TAB Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 25X1 L Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7 Next 2 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2003/09/26 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000500160001-7