RUSSIAN RADIO ATTACKS ON U.S. BLANKET WORLD WITH SUSPICION

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CIA-RDP58-00597R000100050049-1
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March 3, 1948
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Approved For Release 2008/07/28: CIA-RDP58-00597R000100050049-1 STAT The attached articles are those written by the New York Herald Tribune followin, hi.s stay in FBZR STAT STAT FROM - L. Pforzhemer FORM NO. 6-8 SEP 1946 STAT STAT -E - XTENgION Approved For Release 2008/07/28: CIA-RDP58-00597R000100050049-1 Approved For Release 2008/07/28: CIA-RDP58-00597R000100050049-1 Itussids Domestic Radio Drive lulIsOutStops in `Hate' for U. S. Special Intra-Soviet Union Campaign Attempts to `Correct' the War-Time Thinking of the People About Their Former Ally, Now `Foe' This is the second of..a series of five articles on.Soviet Russia's world-wide propaganda attack on the United States. It is based on a study of Soviet world broadcasts during the last ten months as officially monitored in Washington. By Robert S. Bird ,,..The Soviet government is en- gaged today in a powerful ideo- logical crusade to "correct" the thinking of the Russian people. &4vm*ed ten months ago with Out fanfare inside Russia, but met outside, its development seems to ltldicate a deliberate withdrawal < Soviet culture and science from *I western world. The character of this with- drawal is not that of the "cold shoulder" to the West; it is ac- A led by a furious ideological back at Soviet Russia's war-time Allies, and particularly nit the United States. All. media of propaganda are helping. The following is a sam- ple of the "educational" service being- rendered by the Soviet radio, as monitored here on Jan. 23 in a Russian domestic broad- cast : "Let not our hatred of our foes grow cold even if he has been hung. Let it continue to rage with a ten-fold fury in our hearts to- ward those for whom there is no name in human language, toward those who have not yet satisfied their lust for profits derived from the blood of millions; and who, in their satanic and blind folly, are preparing a new war for suf- fering humanity . . . "Doomed to Perdition" "These men are doomed to black perdition, and in spite of all pre- cautions the time will surely come for their inevitable death by hang- ing. But while they live and 'while, like profligates, they spend billions of dollars in the making of atom bombs and for the prep- aration of a monstrous war, let our indestructible hatred of them continue. It will come in handy at the right moment." These words were written by a Soviet writer named Mikhail Sho- lokhov. Their publication in the official journal, "Pravda," during the same. week as the broadcast, some of the backward intelligent- "The announced objective of the drive has been broadcast all Or Russia, time and again; It it to rout out and destroy every yea- tige' of bourgeois thinking where- ever it might lurk.' Militant pride in Soviet achievements is utilized to reinforce this aim. By October, the Soviet radio rwas able to announce to the home audiences that 4,500 skilled propa- gandists had been enlisted to fur- ther the campaign. Thousands of lectures held all over Russia were mentioned. Secrecy for Russian science is litanized on the radio. Soviet sci- entists are told sternly to keep their secrets within Russia. For Russians-satd' a typical home service broadcast on July 22- there must not be any thought that "science is international" or that "a scientific discovery is bound to become sooner or later common property of all countries." Duty of Patriotism "Such an attitude is oblivious to the interests of our country," the radio warned. "Every Soviet patriot must realize the impor- tance of keeping secret our scien- tific discoveries and inventions, and must stigmatize every viola- tion of this rule as an anti-patri- otic sycophancy with regard to the bourgeois civilization." The simple people, long been fed on fantastically exaggerated tales about this country, are ex- horted to take their ideology pure from the fountainhead. A broad- cast on Dec. 3 to Soviet seamen at sea, which was monitored here, even laid down for sailors "instruc- 3f the biography of Comrade Stalin." The dispatch directed the 'group leaders" aboard ships to emphasize specific points in the chapter, one of them being: "The policies of non-interven- tion, neutrality and appeasement of aggressors carried out by the leaders of Britain, France, and the United States were designed to direct the aggression of German fascism toward the East, against the U. S. S. R." . The Soviet radio is emphasizing, constantly the "greatness of the Soviet state under the leadership' of the party of Lenin-Stalin"; the gives evidence that Mr. Sholo- khov's thinking was deemed to be correct. This three-way linking of a "hate" theme to a "foe" who, by indirection or implication, Is iden- tified as the United States, is a new trend in Soviet radio propa- ganda. It is an organic development in the ideological drive, just as the purge decrees recently directed against the "incorrect" music of 'Dmitri Shostakovich and Sergi Prokofieff also stemmed from that campaign. And it goes much further than the Soviet propa- ganda assault upon this country outside Russian borders. The present 'ideological cam- I paign was formalized April 30 un- der the "sponsorship," according to the Soviet radio's home broadcasts, of seventy leading Russian scien- tists, writers and artists. ?y formed the All-Union Society for the Dissemination of Political and Scientific Knowledge to spearhead the drive. The following Moscow 'domestic broadcast of Dec. 20 ex- plains, as well as it has been ex- plained to the Russian people, some of the Iactors behind the t .,paign: "The agents of the imperialistic states are increasing their un- friendly activities against the So- viet Union. They arts seeking out among the Soviet People those who are morally unstable or decadent, and are trying to pursue abroad a work of demoTalizati n among the ex-prisoners \of war aiting repatriation, and among the bviet ital - lam cap - attempting to seek =d wiitthiin the Soviet Union viduals who are still inclined to- ward the bourgeois and +p world-wide "historical signifi- cance" of the victory of socialism in Russia; the "superiority" of the Soviet social and state system; the power of the "moral-political unity of Soviet society"; the "friendship of the peoples in the U. S. S. R.," and the, "true popular. character" of Soviet democracy. Comparing the "Soviet social democracy of the mind, democracy of talent, democracy of scientific achievement" with the American opposites, the domestic radio said in December: "Here (U. S.) you have the fea- ture of monopolistic capital; dwelling in the inaccessible heights of human society are the super- men; and below, the masses to whom access to thought, knowl- edge and science is denied. This inhuman social order is branded with the curse of degeneration and annihilation. Scientific thought cannot flourish in its midst; It is foredoomed to stagnation, which- ever stage of inertia has been reached in the process." In this case the Russian radio made a distinction between the American masses, who live in a tihc Aerialist masters. The dis- new "bate" acasts. nut in tine inside Russian da evolving Soultag .ygrred. Is be- a I saw York ly~ald , subservience and of Kotowu+s l forts fore bourgeois P ails 11020M soW ~, is ss rev - regrettably l morrow, files of the I red by the Approved For Release 2008/07/28: CIA-RDP58-00597R000100050049-1 Approved For Release 2008/07/28: CIA-RDP58-00597R000100050049-1 Soviet Radio Line: Democracy And Truth Are liedMonopolies For Russian Listeners, Stalin Is Almost Divine; Foreign Broadcasts Run From Unctuous (.for Soviet Russia s world-wide propa- ' gandg attack on the United States. It Is based on a study o/ Soviet world broadcasts during the last ten months as officially monitored in Washington. By Eobert S. Bird Soviet Russia's radio personality, as it emerges in her world propa- ganda against this country, is as many-sided as it is uninhibited. Whether praising herself, or giv- ing advice to other countries, or denouncing the United States, her mood is as revealing as her mes- sage. Whatever her propaganda topic, everything proceeds from the idea that Soviet Russia is the paragon of moral and political virtue. This she proclaims. In her foreign broadcasts she says it in language ranging from matter-of- fact to glowing. In broadcasts to her own people, she speaks it in a Messianic voice and she places an almost religious aura around men- tion of the name of Joseph Stalin. "The Great Hero" and soviet science," because it has been ascribing the invention of the This Is the third of a series on (in a "vile sally against Russian Satellites) to Tough (for the Hesitant) i "Great Stalin," "our father and teacher," and "Stalin's name is an unextinguishable light in the struggle for a general peace for 'liberation from bloody wars, from capitalistic slavery, for the pro- gram of the peoples, and of all mankind." Likewise, the Soviet radio claims a complete monopoly on "truth." Everything that deviates a whit from the Soviet version of truth is "lies and slander." "They slander and slander," the radio said, in a domestic broadcast Jana 3,0 attacking the American press, "in accordance with the old saying that `if you slander and slander, something will remain of it.' But the sun of Soviet truth shines so brilliantly over the world that it cannot be obscured by the fog of lies and slander." Although 'the radio acknowl- edges that Soviet Russia is ever- watchful around the globe, it also proclaims that Russia has no de- sire or intention to interfere with the affairs of other nations. In that respect it is the opposite of the United States, the world is told. Stalin is "the great hero," wireless to Marconi, not to Alexan- der Stepanovich Popov, a Russian scientist, to whom Russia credits the invention. Appeal to Hollywood The earnest-appeal mood of the Moscow radio is one she sometiines exhibits toward this country, On Dec. S, for example, the radio, in English, asked Hollywood to give it its ear. "We would like to believe that you too. America's film producers and actors, are concerned for the destiny of humanity," the radio said. "Is it possible that you do not feel a burning need to show hu- manity, and especially the Ameri-, can people, who are its enemies! and who its friends? . We call on you to devote your art, that great and all powerful weapon, to the struggle against the new men- ace of fascism; against the war- mongers, for peace and collabora- tion among the nations." As an example of the intimate mood, the radio calls on a Mos- cow housewife to straighten out an alleged canard about Russia. Replying in an English broadcast to the United Kingdom Oct. 6 to a remark by Anthony Eden that "no one is permitted to look at anything foreign" in Russia, the Moscow radio used the housewife to say that the opposite was the case. "Such a book as Elliott Roose- velt's "As He Saw It" scored a great success here in Russian; translation," she reported. "Cer- tainly it is a stirring indictment of the American and British reac- tionaries who are hampering the post-war reconstruction of the world along democratic lines. "But with regard to modern fic- ' tion in England and America, the Soviet reader does not have a defi- nite opinion on the subject be- cause he doesn't find that fiction reflecting problems of great social consequence. . . . The decline of the novel is essentially tied up with the crisis being experienced by culture as a whole in the coun- tries of capitalism." The "Voice of America" What does the Soviet radio say about its American counterpart, a typical, in Czech to E'ruioeoh April 7: "For many years Goebbels mis- used the German radio to misin- form the German and other peo- ple. In order to hear this well- known stuff again slightly trimmed to the democratic theme, one needs only to tune into New York. From that station we hear instructive talks on the need to set up Amer- asforld leadership, on imfrer- ialist plans for the establishment of strategic positions in the Midd e and Far East, and hysterical calls for a crusade against communion, socialism, the trade unions: in fact against any democratic shove- ment, and libelous inventions about the countries of the new democracy." article tomorrow, his fourt I n h Mr. Bird will present examples of; the propaganda devices used by the, Soviet radio to misrepresent the' United States. cilable systems, the capitalist and the socialist. In its foreign broad- casts the radio much prefers to use the word "Socialist" to "Commu- nist." But it reserves some of its worst vituperation for the Right- Wing Socialists who are also work- "D ,interested HeIz," "Expansionist tendencies do not exist in the U. S. S. R.", the Soviet radio's beam to Poland affirmed on June 2. "No 'honest man in Poland doubts that the U. S. S. R. has no intention to interfere in in- ternal Polish lffairs. At the same time, every Pole at home is sure to see the great and disinterested help given by the U. S. S. R. to "help" such as Soviet Russia, 'is giving to Poland and the other j satellite countries is usually linked to the struggle by the "democratic" peoples of the particular nation to "liberate" themselves from the "capitalist;" "puppet" or "traitor" regimes which are-or were-"en- slaving the country." In most cases the radio "exposes" the hand' of American imperialism operating somewhere within these excoriated regimes. ` Soviet propaganda proceeds in- variably from the premise that the world 1s divided by two irrecon- "These wolves in sheep's cloth- ing, working hard as they are to deceive the masses with their gib-' berish of democratic socialism, are in reality the lackeys of Anerican Imperialism," a Moscow home service broadcast told an audience on Feb. 3. "History has shown that there is no-and neither can there be any-Other road to So- cialism except the one outlined in the great teachings of -Marx, En- gels, Lenin and Stalin." Thus viewing the world in the aspect of all-black or all.wltlte, the Soviet radio speaks accord- ingly. To satellite nations which have already come under the dom- ination of Communism, its tone often is touched with unction. Referring to Romania in a typi- cal broadcast of this kind on Feb. 6, it told of "the gallant Soviet Army" which "put an end y- eurfering of the Romanian people, who nad long suffered un- der the yoke of the Romanian and foreign capitalists;" and extended welcome to Romania for having "joined the ranks of the demo- i cr ack t ing to overthrow capitalism. "Lackeys" of America side c[ her borders, not governed l by a Costnunist regime, the Moe- cow radio grows more omilhous. "There is not, and cannot be any separate detached policy," the radio warned Finland in the Fin- nish language Nov. 25, after a Finnish minister had suggested, that his country cease criticli 'of f the western powers and pursue a strictly Finnish line of develop- ment. "There is only the fight be- j tween the imperialist enslavers of the peoples and the freedom-lov- ing democratic peoples." Soviet pride is deeply sensitive. The radio is moved to indignation and scorn when this pride is pricked. The following is a typi- cal i stance, broadcast in Czeeh~ and Slovak to Europe Feb. 1: "The British Encyclopaedia at- tempts to falsify- history. Its ac- count of the patriotic war ends abruptly just before the Stalin- grad battle. No place could be found for the Stalingrad battle in the Enclyclopaedia Britannica." And a Russian broadcast of Dec. 10 accused the American .. ../~?die+n..+lr,n L,ie+n..i..el fon+&? Tat to a n~lghb~F s ates. nt rI~ ") Approved For Release 2008/07/28: CIA-RDP58-00597R000100050049-1 Approved For Release 2008/07/28: CIA-RDP58-00597R000100050049-1 Soviet Radio Saturates the Ether With Tears forGermany's Plight `German Unity' Menaced by Imperialist American Monster; Mr. Ehrenburg Pays His Respects to `the Boor From Across the Ocean' This is the final article of a series on Soviet Russia's propaganda attack on the United States. It is based on a study of Soviet world broadcasts during, the last ten months as officially monitored in 0 1? I 0 ics. o Is one of these Soviet The battle is unceasing . ena is global. The target country; its government , ivies, its way of life. Washington. By Robert S. Bird One of the neatest tricks turned by the Soviet radio in its propa- ganda attack on the United States was the grabbing for itself of a new "trade-mark" on Germany's age-old dream of "German unity." As a propaganda device, it was as simple as tying two pieces of string together. Germany, quite naturally, desired to be unified. Soviet Russia and the United States disagreed as to how this should be accomplished. Russia, appraising the stalemate, tied her piece of propaganda string to the German hope and gave it a tug; ergo, the United States was trying to dismember Germany. Day and night the Soviet radio gives righteous voice to German aspirations for unity, The German ether is saturated with Soviet tears for Germany's plight; and every tear carries a reproach-or worse-for the imperialist Ameri- can monster which mutilates the Fatherland. "Germany is like a battlefield, strewn with hands, arms, and parts of bodies, while the life blood that was shed gushes in the sand," said a Soviet broadcast to Germans, Wholly apart from the converse notion which Soviet propagandists have contrived to attach to their "unity" theme-that it is the United States which is solely re- sponsible for blocking Germany's unification-is the more subtle appeal the unity slogan makes to German nostalgia. Goebbels was not the first in history to raise a cry for German unity. Merge Tunes The Soviet appeal for "unity" is made, of course, to the "demo- cratic" elements within the coun- try. The "reactionary" Germans' are depicted as "tools" of the American imperialism. Arid here the Soviet propagandists merge their "unity" motif with another tune. To the rest of Europe and to their own people, they offer this propaganda theme: that the United States wants Germany dis- membered in order to build up Western Germany's economic po- tentiality and create there, in the heart of Europe, a military bastion of American imperialism from (which it will "conquer" all Europe. "The German unity movement' Is not an accidental phenomenon caused by Communist schemings, as Anglo-American propagandists try to persuade public opinion," Moscow broadcast in Polish to Europe Jan. 28. "The real cause of the trouble in Bizonia Is the Anglo-Saxon policy leading to economic chaos and grave political consequences, not only in Western Germany, but throughout West- ern Europe. "This policy can be described as an attempt to adjust German economy to the needs of the United States monopolists and to 'turn Western Germany into a base for increasing the influence of United States imperialism in Europe'-as Molotov has said." Elaborating upon this theme, again typically, Moscow broadcast to the Russian people on Jan. 20, quoting Pravda: "Speaking in the Senate Com- mittee for Foreign Affairs in de- fense of this (E. R. P.) plan, For- restal, United States Secretary of Defense, with the cynical frankness of a business man addressing a narrow circle of his friends, ex- pounded on all the facts which his colleague Marshall was so far hid- ing . about aid to Europe, the reconstruction of European economy, and the salvation of Western civilization. The Will of Wall Street "This sugary terminology evi- dently aggravates and irritates the banker of the Dillon, Read & Co. firm, who is not used to diplomacy, and who became United States Secretary for Defense by the will of Wall Street. Forrestal prefers to use simpler language in hie' dis- course with the Senators. Thus the grinning snout of the imperial ist beast of prey, smelling a j ricy piece, peeps from behind the 'co- quettishly intertwined olive twigs. To hell with charity. A busing man does not make money so that It should be thrown away! The acquire vassals for the creation of new hotbeds of intrigue against the Soviet Union," Norway was told in her tongue Jan. 24. "United States monopolists wish to establish themselves in Norway in order to create a military and political bridgehead against the Soviet Union." "This means"-to Denmark Jan. 26 in the Danish language-"that Sweden will also have to pay by re- linquishing its sovereignty for the extremely doubtful United States assistance . . by allowing Swedish territory to be used as air- fields for American superbombers." France and Italy are to be "con- quered," "relegated to status of agrarian nations," or even "made colonies," they are told. Ehrenburg'! Attack "The people have drunk too much from the cup of sorrow and infamy offered by affable and gen- erous troubadours," said a broad- cast in French Feb. 8 by the propa- gandist, Ilya Ehrenburg. "Enough. Not mother drop, not another gesture, not a word. The people have understood." "The British have piped down," Ehrenburg said. "It is the boor from across the ocean who has got hold of the bludgeon and who threatens France with a De Gaulle, with landings, famine and the atomic bomb. "He forgets that Frenchmen, and especially 1948 Frenchmen, cannot be scared. On this Feb- ruary day the French people take the oath that they will know how to defend France's independence and save French babies from American swaddling clothes and American bombs alike. My heart is with the French people!" This French broadcast ended with the playing from Moscow of the "Marseillaise." To Japan, in Japanese language, Feb. 21: "In place of Japanese movies,' the cheap and vulgar Hollywood pictures have been substituted; in, place of Japanese literature are the American gangster novels. The fox trot has taken the place of the traditional Japanese folk dance and the world-renowned traditional 'Kabuki' Theater has been replaced with . . , dance revues. Such is the nature of American-promoted culture." For Great Britain, in English Oct. 21, a sneer at touring Ameri- can Congressmen:. "Before the war there used to be swarms of United States tourists traveling about Europe. They would roam with a bored air through museums and art galleries. pick up souvenirs and leave dollars in exchange. But times change, and now it seems it is United States Congressmen who are trav- eling about Europe on tours of in- vestigation. "They don't care about souvenirs and don't leave any dollars. They only promise, and that very vague- ly, to hand out dollars at some in- definite future date. In the mean time they present perfectly defi- nite terms to the European coun- tries, and without any undue squeamishness, either." A Truthful Report And so it goes, around the world and around the clock. The Soviet radio pipes softly or pipes shrilly. Perhaps it never piped more truth- fully than on Dec. 9, when Soviet transmitters broadcast for one hour and fifteen minutes in Rus- sian, French, Slovak, German and English a thoroughly frank, ex- plicit and top-level report on Georgi M. Malenkov's speech on the newly organized Comrnform. Moscow said: "The whole weight of the class struggle has, as far as~he U. S. 5. R. Is concerned, shifed to the in- ternational arena. Here we are faced with two codpeting systems, the capitalist .rd the socialist. Here our part 'as to make a trial of its weapor Tin battles with the unscrupul ;. men of affairs of b ourgeo The wea United States are not going to send their dried, eggs and cigar- ettes to Europe and never see a trace of them." "In the heated brains of For- restal and his friends," the radio added, "already a picture of a restored and appeased Europe was framing itself, with United States bases functioning everywhere, with British, French, Italian, Bel- gian, and other soldiers marching at the command of United States officers, armed with United States tommy guns, and : singing the 'Yankee Doodle Dandy,' with United States governors in com- mand all over the place" The theme to the Scandinavian countries is an "American grab for northern bases." "The Americans are trying to Approved For Release 2008/07/28: CIA-RDP58-00597R000100050049-1 Approved For Release 2008/07/28: CIA-RDP58-00597R000100050049-1 ussw iwists Iven YEatn Words In Its = Radio War Against U. S. `Democracy,' for Example, Exists in Pure Form I Only in the Soviet. Union, While American People Writhe `Under `Imperialism' This is the fourth of a series on Soviet Russia's propaganda attack on the United States. It is based on a study of Soviet world broad- casts during the last ten months as officially monitored in Wash- By Robert S. Bird Soviet Russia's radio propaganda ;agaist the United States ranges from pure fiction to exact fact. To make either fictiom on fact serve its policy, the Soviet radio keeps at hand a bagful of language tricks. Many of these are. semantic in nature; ingenious manipulations of lord meanings. Every one knows what has happened to the word "democracy." In that word, now, the whole conflict. between the two bpposing systems of life are summed up. One man's "democ- raey"-today may be another man's "police state," depending on who is referring to which -area of the globe. For Soviet propagandalpurposes, the U. S. S. R., "land of the free- dom-loving peoples," is a simon- pure: "democracy." The Corn munist-dominated satellite coun- tries are the "new democracies" But the United States is not a democracy, within the present Soviet propagandist nieaxing of the word. During the war it was a demOC;acy of a certain sort. Today it is an " imperalism," just as it was 1?efore and during the early part of the war, after the signing of the German F Soviet non - aggression pact. ThotI h the United States is not yet accused of being totally "fascist," nevertheless "fascist groups" are said to control the na- tion, "enslave" its people, and,Con- coct "fascist" plots to_explolt the WQr Y suell` Words, ;With_ tilielr, connotations of familiar infamy, the United States is linked to the Germany of Hitler. Preconceptions are reversed. In fact, which is the police state? . Fingerprinting Stressed "Recently the United States At- torney General Clark reported that millions in America were subjected to the humiliating procedure of having their fingerprints taken," the Moscow radio reported to Rus- sians Jan. 28. "To this police procedure, which is usually applied to criminals, all employees of the government de- partment& of the United States' are at present subjected. By such methods the imperialists are try- ing to transform America into a police camp, organized on the pat- tern of Hitierite Germany." When the Soviet radio accuses the United States government of "warmongering," the radio is doing some excellent wordmonger- i - e ccellent for Soviet propa- ganda purposes. The word "war- monger" is much utter in English' than in the Russian-translated equivalent. It is translated (in English alphabet) as "podzhigatel voini." That means, literally, "set- ters of the fires of war." But "monger," according to Webster's International Dictionary, means "a trader . . . usually implying a petty or discreditable dealing," That is a better propaganda con- notation than the arsonist one be- cause it meshes perfectly with Russia's propaganda charge that this country's mercenary imperial- ists are plunging the world into a third war in a grab for profits. The "warmongering" speach of Andrei Vishinsky, Soviet Foreign Minister, in the United Nations General Assembly on Sept. 18 flashed the green light 'to the Soviet radio for a greatly stepped- up global drum-beating on the warmonger theme. By the device of repetition--endless repetitiob-- "warmonger" has become a s mbo1.1 > btu tightly wrapping up a whole ful of anathemati7-ed~ policies ~,..~y' c ry, of Cesv!rs The resolution against war- mongering adopted by the V. N.. political committee was proc] med around the world' by.. the. Soviet radio as a great victory for Soviet great defeat for the gfates. First of all, this was in comformity with the Mos- cow propaganda pripdiple that in any compromise the other side is "forced to retreat" and Russia scores a "victory." Next, the radio omitted all references to amend- ments and modifications, so as to'. represent the resolution as em- bodying the original Soviet pro- posals. Finally, by linking the resolution to Soviet and satellite delegates' speeches, it attempted to suggest that the United States had been named in the resolutiou,l as the guilty party. In Italian, Serb, Croat and 1 e-' lash, on Oct. 3, and in Hun *fl Oct. 29, the radio explained ittlilid way: "The American delegates were compelled' to vote together with the other delegations for a resolu- tion which does condemn war propaganda and incitement to war.., . The political committee's decision first of all corroborates that war propaganda and inoit9 ment to war exists and the nations have now been warned of this' to the countries in which these in- citers ... are more active. The Criminals Unmasked "They were named quite deft- tritely in the speeches of the dele- gates of tine U.S.S.R., the Ukraine, Poland and other countries. Hence, every one who reads the political committee's resolution will know to whom it refers, who it con- demns, and where those at whom it is aimed are to be found. They are to be found primarily in the United States, Turkey and Greece," "This is the moral victory of the Soviet Union," it added, "and with it of all the peace-loving nations of the world. And that is also the defeat of those who support un- limited freedom of war propa- ganda." I Other ' ommon propaganda de- vices of the radio include simple and gross exaggeration, out- right misquotation of important speeches, merging of quoted matter with the narrator's own opinions without indicating the transition, and use of quoted matter out of context to make it mean some- i thing altogether different. Less frequently does the radio, resort to outright falsehood in dealing with matters-of recorded fact. Usually it achieves its dis- tortion by omission of facts, or by use of half-truths linked to other half-truths. Facts Used, Too On the other hand, the Soviet radio is deadly accurate often enough; particularly so in report- ing such matters as lyne~tlpp and the crimes of juvenile duets. Some of its most effe*e yeoP- aganda is achieved in t faetusl reporting-always to prove its 44n point--4t utterances s4.: lt(t1/r of important `Americaxl o us ii hI C vocngere-nongr~I*e ample--criticism of A ides, either actual or The Soviet radio smeared tiss t7ba- gressional Committee on Un-Amaer- ican Activities hearings areuad the world in the verbatim worms ee its critics in this country. Henry A. Wallace is a name particularly favored by the radio to prove its points. "As Wallace stated a few days ago, more than 170 Army and Naval officers are now holding high civilian posts," the radio reported in Russian Jan. 16. Then it went to the point it was making: "In this connection, the specific peculiarity of the American body of generals _ should be borne in -mind. Just as the-old-feudal lords of Europe recruited their com- mand1ng officer personnel from the aristocracy, so in contempo- rary America they are recruited from the men of business. . . . 'Under the present government, Wall Street is preparing to rule the world,' said Wallace at a meet- ing in September last year." The Moscow radio is usually rather careful in propaganda re- ports on Vatican affairs, but oc- casionally the Moscow-controlled Berlin radio is used to evade di- reet responsibility for attacks on Roman Catholic hierarchy. Spellman Attacked Speculating on the possibility that Francis Cardinal Spellman was being considered for the post of Cardinal Secretary' of State, the Soviet-controlled Berlin sta- tion said on Oct. 24: "This Cardinal, distinguished by close connections with Wall Street, had made sure of a growing hard- currency income for the church, ad aeted' as intermediary for in- I vestment of the substantial cash holdings of the Church by the Morgan group." Though Moscow's radio strate- $$ems are myriad, yet Russia does trot want this country to be hood- winked by other foreigners. "Sober-thinking Americans," the radio said to North America in English Nov. 13, "should not let themselves be taken in by the honeyewords of gratitude to Uncle Sam's unselfishness and pure altruism which are being uttered by some sections of the press in Great Britain and certain other countries. These are just as insincere and pitiful as the words of thanks a poor fellow expresses when he has just received a dry crust. . No one in America should be taken in by the humble bows ,.that are being made today by certain hack writers in Europe, - t l who sold their self-respecong for filthy lucre." 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