1956 AMENDMENTS TO THE UNITED STATES INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1948

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP59-00224A000100490002-0
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 22
• Document Creation Date: November 17, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 31, 2000
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: May 9, 1956
• Content Type: REPORT

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84TIi CONGRESS
2d Session
SENATE
Calendar No. 1978
5 REPORT
No. 1959
1956 AMENDMENTS TO THE UNITED STATES INFORMA-
TION AND EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1948
Mr. MANSFIELD, from the Committee on Foreign Relations, submitted
the following
REPORT
The Committee on Foreign Relations, having had under considera-
tion a bill (S. 3638) to promote the foreign policy of the United States
by amending the United States Information and Educational Exchange
Act of 1948 (Public Law 402, 80th Cong.), as amended, report S. 3638
to the Senate with amendments and recommend that it do pass.
The purpose of S. 3638 is to make more effective the International
Educational Exchange Service conducted by the Department of State
and the United States Information Service conducted by the United
States Information Agency. The proposed amendments to the United
States information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 are mainly
administrative in nature. They relate to personnel matters, methods
of operation, and requirements for reporting to the Congress. These
changes will not substantially affect either the cost of the existing
programs or their content. These amendments make no change in
the objectives or philosophy of either the educational exchange pro-
gram or the information program. The proposed amendments will
make possible a better administration of these two' programs which
constitute important instruments for carrying out the foreign policy
of the United States.
BACKGROUND OF THE BILL AND COMMITTEE ACTION
The pending bill, S. 3638, was introduced by Senator Smith, for
himself and Senator Mundt, on April 16, 1956, and was referred to the
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2 AMENDMENTS TO EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1948
Committee on Foreign Relations. This bill brings together in a single
consolidated bill S. 631, introduced on January 21, 1955, by Senator
Mundt and. relating to the educational exchange program; S. 2410,
introduced. on July 5, 1955, by Senator Smith and relating to the in-
formation program; and certaici executive branch requests for legisla-
tion which were submitted to the Congress in March 1956. A hear-
ing; was held on S. 2410 by the Subcommittee on State Department
Organization and Public Affairs on July 20, 1955. Testimony was
heard from representatives of the Department of State, the United
State Information Agency, and the Civil Service Commission.
.The Department of State and the United States Information Agency
rec nested that the Committee on Foreign Relations consider S. 3638
in lieu of further consideration of S. 631 and S. 2410. A public hearing
oils * 3638 was held on April it-, 1956, by the Subcommittee on State
Department Organization and- Public Affairs chaired by Senator
Mansfield. Testimony favoring the bill was heard from Deputy
Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs Robinson Mcllvaine;
the Director of the United States Information Agency, Mr. Theodore
C. Streibert; Assistant Secretary of State-Controller Isaac W. Car-
penter, Jr.; and Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Personnel
George F. Wilson. No other statement was offered either for or
against the bill. On May 8, 1956, the full Committee on Foreign
Relations, after approving certain changes in S. 3638, voted unani-
mously to report it favorably to the Senate.
The main changes in existing, law which would be made by the bill
are discussed below.
1. Educational exchange projects.--Section 1. of the pending bill would
add a new subparagraph (d) to ;Section 2 of the United States Informa-
lion and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 which would make clear
that the Secretary of State may initiate educational. projects of interest
and value to the United States and to countries which cooperate in
the educational exchange program. As an example of the kind of
activity which is contemplated, the United States might establish in
educational institutions in foreign countries chairs in American studies
which would provide a means for disseminating the knowledge and
experience gained by foreign educators who study in this country.
The provision would also permit the arranging for or participation in
special seminars abroad, such as the Salzburg Seminar in Austria,
where groups of American professors and research workers can present
to foreign students intensive courses in various phases of American
life and academic subjects.
2. Study of American subjects in , foreign schools.--Section 2 (a) of
they bill would authorize the Secretary of State to provide for the
attendance of nationals of cooperating countries at selected institu-
tions of learning in another cooperating country for the purpose of
study of subjects pertaining to or affecting the United States or of
participation in meetings sponsored by individuals or public or private
organizations of the United States. For example, it might be in the
interest of the United States to bring together at one school in a
particular Latin American country a group of Latin American English
teachers to take an. intensive course under American professors in. the
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teaching of the English language. This provision would also permit
sending the nationals of other countries to such American schools
abroad as the American University at Beirut, Robert College in
Turkey, and the Salzburg Seminar in Austria.
3. Improving usefulness of advisory groups.--The United States
Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 now provides
.for two advisory commissions, the Commission on Information and
the Commission on Educational Exchange, whose functions- are to
formulate and recommend policies and programs for carrying out
the provisions of the act. Several sections of the pending bill, S. 3638,
will amend the act so as to enhance the usefulness of these statutory
commissions and other lesser groups and advisory committees which
the administrators of the programs are authorized to call upon for
assistance.
Section 4 of the bill makes clear that the Advisory Commission an
Educational Exchange should make recommendations with respect to
policies to further cultural relations with participating countries by
means of exchange of persons. Section 5 (a) provides that for the
purposes of the act no office under State universities, land-grant col-
leges, or similar educational institutions shall be deemed to be "a
compensated Federal or State office." This change is necessary
because section 602 (a) of the act provides that no person holding any
"compensated Federal or Stale office" shall be eligible for appoint-
ment to the advisory commissions. Section 5 (a) would also add two
new members to the Advisory Commission on Information and would
provide for staggered terms of appointment along with the other
members of the Commission.
Section 5 (b) of the bill would enlarge the fields from which mem-
bers of the Advisory Commission on Educational Exchange may be
chosen. This change would male it possible to bring to the Oom-
mission persons from the fields of agriculture, business, the professions,
and labor.
Section 6 of the bill would change from a semiannual to an annual
basis the rendering of reports of the advisory commissions to the
Congress. Annual reports will be more useful because the programs
of educational exchange and information are both conducted on an
annual basis. Section 7 of the bill would permit the creation in
foreign countries of commissions similar to those created under the
Fulbright Act (Public Law 584, 79th Cong.), having a membership
of American citizens or foreign nationals or both. These commissions
have contributed immeasurably to the success of the Fulbright
exchange program and the new provision authorizes the use of the
existing commissions created under the Fulbright Act, or the establish-
ment of new commissions to give advice on programs carried out
under the act.
4. Protecting private contributors to the exchange and information
programs.-Section 10 (1) of the bill would add new language in section
802 of the act which would permit the administrators of these pro-
grams to make contracts of insurance, guaranty, and indemnity.
This new authority is especially necessary for the United States in 'or-
mation program. A. number of situations arise in the course of the
operations in which it is necessary for the United States Information
Agency to give assurance to private parties that the assistance which
these private parties agree to render to the information program will
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4 AMENDMENTS TO EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1948
not result in loss or damage to the contributors. For example, the
Agency frequently borrows paintings and other art objects from
private institutions and individuals for distribution in exhibits spon-
sored by the Agency. Naturally it is necessary to give the owners of
such objects assurance that they will be made whole in the ease of loss
of or damage to the objects. Similarly, in the film distribution and
exhibition program of the United States overseas it is necessary from
time to, time to assure prospective distributors and exhibitors that. they'
will have some protection. against the claims which might be made by
third parties asserting ownership or rights in the films and kinescopes
concerned. It is frequently necessary for the Information. Agency to
use materials in which ownership of rights cannot be determined or
where the precise rights acquired by the Government may be the sub-
ject of debate. The estimated cost of such insurance on objects bor-
rowed for exhibits will be less than $25,000 per year. Although it is
always difficult to estimate the extent of liability which might be in-
curred by the Government in agreeing to indemnify exhibitors of films
and kinescopes against third-party claims, it is expected that such costs
will be small in view of the policy of the Information Agency to make
such contracts only where the benefits to be derived from the showings
fair outweigh the financial. risk:, to the United States.
5. Payment of emergency medical expenses.--There are two restricted
kinds of cases arising in the information and exchange programs
in which it is in the interest of the United States to pay emergency
medical expenses. Section 10 (2) of the bill would add a new para-
graph (5) to section 802 of the act which would cover these cases.
First, from time to time it is necessary for the Government; to bring
employees who are foreign nationals to the United States for training
or duty or to send alien employees away from their homes to other
countries on temporary duty. At the present time there is no au-
thority for the agencies administering the exchange program. and the
inormation program to provide hospitalization for these alien em-
ployees when they become ill while on Government business away
from home. In the interest of proper personnel policy and to avoid
misunderstandings and embarrassment between governments, it is
desirable that there be authority to provide medical. care in these
instances. It is estimated that the annual cost of providing such care
would be less than $2,000. Second, there are cases when participants
in exchange programs become ill while they are away from home. It
frequently is the case that such participants are unable to pay for their
emergency hospital and medical expenses. In the absence of authority
to help such people there is considerable embarrassment to the Govern-
ment because these persons include foreign participants who have been
invited here by the Government of the United States for purposes
authorized by law and in the interest of the United States. In a few
instances participants in the program have suffered mental or physical
disorders that require their return home accompanied by an attendant.
The proposed language in section 10 (2) of the bill would permit pay-
ment of costs of travel and medical care incurred under such emergency
circumstances. It is estimated that the cost of meeting these emer-
gency expenses will be less than $25,000 per year. This small cost is
well repaid in the good will which is earned for the United States.
6. Travel expenses of dependents of alien employees.---At the present
time the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act
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of 1948 authorizes the hiring of alien employees and the assignment of
such aliens to work away from home in the United States. The act
does not, however, permit the Government to pay the cost of sending
the families of such employees with them. It is necessary for the
Government to bring to the United States, for example, foreign na-
tionals with language skills required for broadcasting operations. It is
naturally difficult to persuade talented foreign nationals to leave
their homes in order to work for the United States Government unless
the agencies are in a position to pay the expenses of transporting the
families of the employees. Section 10 (2) of the bill would add a new
paragraph (6) to section 802 of the act which would authorize the
payment of such travel expenses for dependents of alien employees.
The estimated annual cost to the Government of this new provision
would be about $40,000.
7. Payment for damage done abroad by United States instrumentalities
or employees.-Section 13 of the bill would add a new section 1012
to the act which would permit the Secretary of State and the Director
of the United States Information Agency to consider and settle
claims arising in a foreign country on account of death or injury to
persons or damage to property whenever such harm is caused by any
instrumentality, agency, or employee of the Department of State or
the' United States Information Agency and when the amount of such
claims does not exceed $5,000. This authority is very similar to the
authority presently available to the armed services (31 U. S. C. 224
(d)). The Department of State and the United States Information
Agency are not entirely without authority at the present time to
settle such claims but the authority is tied in with the tort claim settle-
ment laws applicable to torts in the United States, which authorize
the settlement of claims up to $1,000 for which the Government, if a
private party, would have been liable under the law of the place
where the damage occurrecl. This language makes the law difficult to
apply abroad because of the difference between legal concepts in the
United States and legal concepts in foreign countries. The limita-
tion on the amount of settlements is also too low in some cases. As a
result of the existing situation the Government has been confronted
with several claims abroad which were borderline from the standpoint
of technical legal liability, based on the law of the place of the acci-
dent, but in which the circumstances showed a substantial ground
for some equitable payment, by the United States Government. In
view of the fact that the programs authorized by the Information
and Educational Exchange Act are designed to improve relations
between the United States and foreign countries and to insure a favor-
able impression of United States standards and values, it is important
to provide that the exchange program and the information program
administrators may pay for damage to foreign nationals arising out
of actions of United States Government agents and employees in
foreign countries. It is expected that the annual cost to the Gov-
ernment of settling claims of the type covered by the new provision
will be less than $20,000 per year.
8. United States Information officers.-Section 13 of the bill would
add a new section 1013 to the act which would authorize the Director
of the United States Information Agency to establish a career category
of officers to be known as United States Information officers. This
authority has been recommended by the United States Advisory
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6 AMENDMENTS TO. EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1948
Commission on Information in its reports to the Congress for the past
2 ;years. The new section would permit the Director to give these
United States Information officers substantially the same status as
Foreign Service officers with respect to classification, pay, allowances,
job security, promotion, leave, medical benefits, recreation facilities,
and retirement. ].'here would be the following differences between
United States Information officers and Foreign Service officers. The
United States Information officer would he appointed by the Director
of the United States Information Agency whereas Foreign Service
officers are appointed by the President, by and with the consent of
the Senate. Second, it is contemplated that United States Informa-
tion officers will have an independent, although substantially identical,
retirement system from that of Foreign Service officers. Third, un-
like the Secretary of State, the Director would not recommend to the
President that United States Information officers be commissioned as
diplomatic and consular officers. He would instead request that the
Secretary of State recommend to the President that, certain United
States Information officers be commissioned as diplomatic and con-
sul ar officers.
This proposed new category of United States Government personnel
overseas is discussed in more detail below in this report.
9. Change of name of United States Information Agency.-Section 13
of the bill also would add a new section 1014 to the act. It would
change the name of the United States Information Agency to the
"United States Information Service." The reason for this change is
that the overseas information offices of the United States have for
a number of years functioned under the name of the United States
Information Service (USES) and public acceptance of that name in
foreign countries has been established. It is desirable to take full
advantage of this acceptance of the term "United States Information
Service" abroad and to eliminate any confusion between the two
names.
The pending bill, S. 3638, as introduced would have substantially
rewritten section 2 of the United States Information and Educational
Exchange Act of 1948 which states the objectives of the educational
exchange and information programs. Except in one respect, the com-
mittee decided that there was no difference in substance between the
present section 2 and the proposed change in the bill. The committee
therefore deleted most of the proposed now section 2 of the act but
did approve a new paragraph (d) for section 2 which Makes clear'that
the Secretary may initiate educational projects in foreign countries
which he believes will be of value to the United States.
Section 2 of the original bill would also have rewritten section 201
of the act more fully than the committee has recommended. The
committee recommends retaining only two really new elements in the
revised section 201; namely, the new authority to send foreign nationals
to foreign schools to study and the now restrictions on exchange
visitors (also contained in S. 2562 which has already passed the Senate
but included here for the reasons stated above) whereby exchange
visitors to the United States must return home for 2 years before they
are eligible for immigration visas. The committee decided to restrict
the proposed new authority to send foreign nationals to study in
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foreign schools, which was included-in the revised section 201, to the
study of subjects pertaining to or affecting the United States and to
the participation in meetings sponsored by individuals or public or
private organizations of the United States.
At the request of the United States Information Agency the com-
mittee added to the bill provision for two additional members of the
Advisory Commission on Information. This provision also provides
for staggering -the appointments of such new members along with the
terms of the other members of the Commission (sec. 5).
The committee deleted from the bill a proposed authority to pay
United States income taxes on behalf of certain foreign nationals
participating in the programs authorized by the act (sec. 10). The
problem which gave rise to the proposed provision is that the internal
revenue authorities have ruled in several cases that payments made
to program participants while in the United States by their former
employers at home, is taxable under United States law. The com-
mittee believes that as a matter of principle foreign nationals in the
United States who are brought here by the United States Government
should not be liable to pay United States income taxes on income
which is not earned here. The committee feels, however, that as a
matter of policy it is better to change the United States tax law, if
necessary, than to write a special provision authorizing United States
Government agencies to pay United States income taxes on behalf of
foreign nationals participating in programs, authorized by the act.
The original bill contained new authority on the part of the adminis-
trators of the exchange and information programs to pay emergency
medical expenses and expenses of travel incurred by reason of illness
(sec. 10). The committee limited this authority to the specific needs
advanced by the executive branch; namely, to pay such medical ex-
penses and expenses of travel for alien employees while assigned
temporarily for duty outside the countries in which they reside or for
participants in activities authorized by the act, and to pay for ac-
companying medical attendants in such cases.
The committee notes that the administration requested $2 million
less for international educational exchange activities for the fiscal
year 1957 than for the previous year, and $11 million less than was
recommended by the United States Advisory Commission on Educa-
tional Exchange. The committee is concerned about this develop-
ment, particularly in view of the substantial increase which has been
requested by the administration for the information program. There
is a serious question whether a proper balance is being maintained
between the two programs. The committee proposes two remedies
for this situation: First, it asks the executive branch in the fiscal year
1958 budget to treat the budget for the International Educational
Exchange Service as a separate line item within the Department of
State budget in order that this program may be considered separately
on its own merits. Second, the committee has added to S. 3638 a
further amendment to the United States Information and Educational
Exchange Act which would permit the President to transfer up to
10 percent of the funds made available to carry out the information
program over to the funds appropriated for the exchange program.
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Vi
Perhaps the most important policy question in the pending bill is
the proposed career category of United States Information officers for
the United States Information Agency.
On the one hand, the United States Information Agency is carrying
on very important activities of the United States abroad. If the
Agency is to do its job well it must have able people. Recruitment of
able employees is vastly facilitated if the Agency can offer them career
opportunities; that is, the chance to start work in an organization
in which they will be paid and promoted according to merit, will be
protected from arbitrary or partisan political action, and in which
they may look forward to retirement with a reasonable income.
On the other hand, such a career foreign service for United States
information Agency employees should be established in a way which
will help, rather than hinder, the wise and economical administration
of all overseas employees of the United States Government. As is well
known, some two dozen United State agencies employ many thou-
sands of United States civilians overseas. A great many different
systems for recruitment, pay, allowances, and all the other incidents
of employment are in operation. The bulk of United States civilians
abroad are employed by the Department of Defense, the Department
of State, the International Cooperation Administration, and the
United States Information Agency.
Employees from the Department of State, the International Cooper-
ation Administration, and the United States Information Agency may
perhaps be treated as a group for the purpose of analysis. The
United States Information Agency was a part of the Department of
State until 1953 and may someday become part of the Department
of State again. The function of administering economic and technical
assistance, partly carried on in the Department of State and partly
carried on by independent agencies in recent years, is now being
carried out by the international Cooperation Administration, which is
C6 part of the Department of State. At the present time the overseas
employees of all three. agencies are governed in large part, or entirely,
as in the case of the Department of State and the United. States
information Agency, by the Foreign Service Act of 1946, as amended.
Employees of all three agencies usually live and work side by side at
United States posts overseas. All three agencies employ Foreign
Service Staff persons and Foreign Service Reserve officers, and each
recruits and administers such categories of employees sepa-
agency
rately from the other two agencies. Only the Department of State
has career officer groups, the Foreign Service officer group and the
career officers of the Foreign Service Staff corps. In the pending bill
the United States Information Agency, supported by the Department
of State, is asking for a career officer group for information program
employees comparable to the Foreign Service officer group.
A. basic question, which is not being reexamined now by the, admin-
istration but which. in the opinion of the committee ought to be
reexamined by the administration, is the question of whether the
United States Information Agency should remain separate,, from the
Department of State or whether it should have a semiautonomous
status within the Department, like the International Cooperation
Administration. This question, however, need not be solved by the
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Congress before passing on the merits of the proposal for a career
officer group for the United States Information Agency. The com-
mittee believes that it is important to provide the opportunity for
young men and women to make the United States Information Service
their career. For reasons which are developed below, the committee
is convinced also that this is not possible under the present circum-
stances. Having stated these premises, it becomes immediately
apparent that they apply to the International Cooperation Admin-
istration as well, since, for the immediate future, at least, the United
States will be operating programs of economic and technical assistance.
Nevertheless, the committee has received no information from the
Department of State indicating any plans to seek a career status for
International Cooperation Administration employees.
The justifications for establishing a career group of information
program employees are as follows. Fundamentally, career incentives
are needed to attract capable and devoted people to the United States
information program. The present incentives are inadequate. Amer-
icans in the overseas service of the United States Information Agency
may hold appointments only as Foreign Service Reserve officers or as
Foreign Service Staff officers. Ninety percent of the United States
Information Agency professional people overseas are serving as For-
eign Service Staff officers. However, the salary ceiling of Foreign
Service Staff officers is two full grades below the top salary for a For-
eign Service Reserve officer. Furthermore, pursuant to the recom-
mendations of the Wriston report the Department of State and the
United States Information Agency will use the Foreign Service Staff
class principally as a category for clerical and technical employees in
the future. The alternative available to the United States Informa-
tion Agency of employing its professional people overseas as Foreign
Service Reserve officers is also inadequate because the Foreign Service
Reserve category is designed by law to be a category of people hired
on a temporary basis. Under the law their appointments are limited
to 5 years. A number of the best officers of the United States Infor-
mation Agency have already served longer than this period as Foreign
Service Reserve officers and have been retained as such only through a
provision in the annual appropriation acts for the United States Infor-
mation Agency granting a 1-year extension of these appointments.
This uncertainty of tenure is difficult for such employees. The United
States Information Agency employees overseas are at present eligible
only for civil service retirement benefits which are substantially less
than those available to Foreign Service officers, with whom they
serve side by side overseas. Naturally the disparity of benefits
between the Foreign Service officer category and the professional
United States Information officer category creates a difficult morale
problem.
The authority in the new section 1013 which is proposed for the
United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 and
contained in the pending bill will permit the Director of the United
States Information Agency to give the proposed new category of
United States Information officers substantially the same benefits and
career incentives as Foreign Service officers. The proposed authority
will be used by the Director in a reorganization of the Agency's per-
sonnel which is outlined below in a statement furnished by the Director
to the committee during its hearings.
S. Rept. 1959, 84--2-2
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PROPOSED FOREIGN SERVICE PERSONNEL SYSTEM OF THE
UNITED STATES INFORMATION AGENCY
Objective
The objective of the Agency's Foreign Service personnel
system is to provide a career mobile staff of competent, ex-
perienced international. information specialists available and
trained for duty anywhere in the world and devoted and
dedicated to the service. Such personnel will be recruited,
promoted, assigned, and otherwise treated similarly to
Foreign Service officers of comparable ability, age, and ex-
perience.
Composition
The Foreign Service of the Agency will consist of the fol-
lowing:
IL. United States Information officers-A professional serv-
ice of the officer level comparable to the Foreign Service
officer corps of the Department of State.
2. Foreign Service Reserve officers--Professionals ap-
pointed. from outside the Agency for limited periods who
will return to their careers elsewhere after completing an
assignment with the Agency and candidates for United
States Information officer appointments who will serve as
Reserve officers until they meet requirements.
3. Foreign Service Staff corps-A group of clerical, steno-
graphic, and administrative assistant personnel at salary
classes below the entrance salary of Foreign Service Reserve
and United States Information officers of class 6 and of tech-
nical specialists at higher classes generally appointed on a
permanent basis. Authority to make limited appointments
will be continued. This group will be comparable to the
Foreign Service Staff corps of the Department after imple-
mentation of the Wriston program has been completed.
4. Foreign Service locals--Citizens of other countries ap-
pointed for service abroad in accordance with provisions of
the Foreign Service Act.
Proposed number of United States information officers
As currently envisaged, the ultimate size of the United
States 'Information officer corps will approximate 1,200 offi-
cers. The actual number will be determined by experience.
The corps will be built up to this level over several years.
The level of employment of the Agency is not increased by
this proposal. The number of persons employed in other
categories will be decreased in proportion to the number
appointed as United States Information officers.
Appointment
Appointments will be made by the Director.
During the first several years appointments will be made
at all levels to assure selection of a high quality corps of
officers. After the service is established and operating,
appointment will normally be into class 6. However, the
need for highly qualified persons cannot always be met by
promotion from within and individuals with exceptional
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abilities will be appointed at appropriate grades above class
6 to meet such needs.
Worldwide service requirement.
United States Information officers will be required to serve
at such posts and in such positions as determined by the
Agency to meet the needs of the program.
Entry into the United States Information Officer Corps
1. Appointment from present Foreign Service Reserve and
Foreign Service Staff.-Those present Reserve and Staff officers
who meet age, citizenship, and other requirements, who have
satisfactory performance records, and who have the types
of backgrounds needed and suited to a worldwide information
program will be appointed as United States Information
officers. The appointments will be made after a careful
review of their personnel records by the selection panels.
There will be no blanketing in of all presently employed
personnel. Promotion panels scheduled to meet this year
will be used to select the initial group of United States
Information officers.
The panels will review the records of each employee con-
cerned and recommend whether he should (a) be selected
to be a United States Information officer, or (b) remain as a
Reserve or Staff officer. Until the panels have completed
this review, it will, of course, be impossible to determine the
number of selections for the new officer corps. Reserve and
Staff officers not initially selected as United States Informa-
tion officers may be reconsidered for selection by future
panels.
2. Appointments of Agency's civil-service personnel.- -
Present civil-service employees of the Agency, who are quali-
fied and meet requirements, will be encouraged to enter the
United States Information Officer Corps. Their records
will be reviewed by selection panels prior to appointment.
3. Appointment from outside the Agency.-Appointment to
class 6 will be on the basis of written' and oral examinations
open to the public.
Appointments to classes 1-5 will be on the basis of examina-
tion and evaluation of the record of the applicant and an
oral examination by selection panels. Physical examinations
will be required.
Pay, allowances, and benefits
Classes and salary ranges will be identical to those pro-
vided for Foreign Service Reserve officers.
Allowances and benefits provided in the Foreign Service
Act for Reserve officers will also apply to United States
Information officers. No change in the present allowance
system and no additional monetary benefits are proposed
in this legislation.
Assignment and use of United States information officers
United States Information officers will be used primarily to
staff positions in the overseas operations of the Agency.
They will also be used to staff positions in the domestic
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12 AMENDMENTS TO EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1948
service on a rotating basis. The Agency intends to identify
organizational areas in its domestic operations where over-
seas experience is desirable. The assignment of United
States Information officers to domestic positions in these
areas for regular tours of duty will be accomplished through
a, system of assignment utilizing the experience and abilities
of the individual officer to best advantage to provide a well-
balanced staff in the domestic service.
United States Information officers may be assigned or
detailed to duty in the Agency as provided by section 571
(a) of the Foreign Service Act.
Development and training
United States Information officers will be developed and
trained to serve on a worldwide basis at various posts and in
various positions. Consideration will be given both in initial
selection and in career management and training to identify-
ing and developing geographic and functional specialists.
Diplomatic and consular status
United States Information officers will be eligible for diplo-
matic and consular titles and commissions, as provided for
in section 524 of the Foreign Service Act. No change in
present arrangements is planned. The Director will make
recommendations to the Secretary of State and the Secre-
tary will make the determinations on diplomatic and con-
sular titles and commissions. Appointments as commis-
sioned diplomatic or consular officers will be by the Pres-
ident, upon recommendation of the Secretary, and. will be
subject to the advice and consent of the Senate.
Promotion
United States Information officers will be promoted on the
basis of merit, demonstrated ability, and potential for growth
and development. All officers will be rated by annual
promotion panels and ranked class by class.
Separation
1. Separation on charges of unsatisfactory performance of
luty.-United States Information officers may be separated
by the Director for unsatisfactory performance of duty, but
only after a review of their case by a board appointed by the
Director. Prior to final decision, an officer charged with
unsatisfactory performance may request a hearing before
the board. He will have the right at the hearing to present
evidence in his own behalf, to examine into the charges
against him, to be attended by counsel, and generally to
avail himself of the protections of legal procedures custonm-
aril.y attending hearings into serious charges.
2. Selection out.--United States Information officers who
consistently rank below a minimum rating prescribed. for
their class by Agency regulations may be selected out.
Appraisal will be made at least annually by the promotion
panels, which will rank officers in each class from the highest
to the lowest. It is contemplated that those officers who
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AMENDMENTS TO EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1948 13
are rated in the lowest 10 percent of their classes for any 3
out of 5 years may be separated.
3. Separation on charges of misconduct or malfeasance. -
United States Information officers may be separated for mis-
conduct or malfeasance after a hearing, as provided for in
section 638 of the Foreign Service Act.
Retirement
A retirement system will be established by the Director
based on the provisions of the Foreign Service Act. The
Agency plans to adopt the retirement regulations of the
Department of State. Age limitations adopted by the
Department of State under the Wriston plan will be followed
by the Agency in selecting persons for appointment as United
States Information officers.
Cost of legislation
The only three cost items involved in section 1013 of the
proposed legislation are:
1. Salary adjustments for present P+oreign Service Stag' per-
sonnel.-The salary schedules for United States Information
officers and the salary schedules for Foreign Service Staff
personnel will differ. There will be slight salary adjustments
for those present Foreign Service Staff employees of the
Agency who are appointed to the United States Information
Officer Corps to avoid decreases in their salaries in trans-
ferring to the officer salary schedule. This cost will be
financed from the Agency's appropriations.
2. Financing the retirement system.-The retirement fund
will be financed from employee contributions of 5 percent
of their pay, employee, purchase of prior-service credit, and
appropriations by Congress. The amount of appropriations
needed in the 1957 fiscal year will depend on Federal Gov-
ernment policy on financing retirement systems. If "normal
plus interest" (level premium) financing is used, the Treasury
actuarial staff estimates that an appropriation of $126,000 1
will be necessary for each 100 United States information
officers appointed. If financing,, by "maintaining employee
fund only" (modified pay-as-you-go) is used, the Treasury
actuarial staff estimates that no appropriation will be
required for the first 4 years of operation of the system.
3. Administering the retirement system.--The cost of
administering the retirement system are negligible. The
Agency will require $5,000 to $10,000 for actuarial and other
expert services in establishing the system and a staff of
2 clerks on a continuing basis to maintain the retirement
records and carry on the other administrative details of
operating the system. The annual salary of the 2 clerks
is estimated at $8,000. The Agency plans to meet the
cost of these personal services from its appropriations.
1 The actual net cost to the Government would be considerably less. If these officers remained under the
civil-service retirement system, the Government, under the same funding plan, would contribute approxi-
mately one-half this amount to the civil-service retirement fund. The additional net cost, therefore, would
be approximately one-half of the, total estimated cost.
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144 AMENDMENTS TO EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1948
In approving the United States Information Agency proposal
embodied in section 13 of the pending bill for a career officer group
the committee was guided by the following objectives and it expects
tlhe Director also to be guided by them in administering the now
personnel system:
1. To reduce insofar as possible friction and. dissatisfaction among
United States personnel abroad arising from the existence of differing
personncl systems.
2. To insure that the United States Information Agency personnel
system will be a merit system and that political considerations will
not be influential in appointments.
3. To insure that the United States Information Agency's person-
nel system will be as like, the United States Foreign Service and the
Department of State personnel systems as may be practical, and to
that end to reduce as far as possible the discretion in the Director of
the United States Information Agency to depart from the principles
of the Foreign Service Act of 194 6, as amended.
4. To continue in the Secretary of State and the United States
Ambassadors appropriate control over all personnel of the Govern-
tn ent, including United States Information Agency personnel in
n7 issions overseas.
5. To reduce obstacles to a future merger of the United States
Information Agency and the Department of State if that should ever
be decided upon.
The new section 1013 embodying the United States Information
Agency career foreign service personnel proposal states:
* * *' Except for the limitations of time contained in
sections 522 and 527 of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, as
amended, all provisions of law not inconsistent herewith
Which are applicable to Foreign Service Reserve officers shall
be applicable to United States Information officers, and the
Director shall be guided by the policies and principles
prescribed in those sections.
The committee expects this authority to be used to equate, insofar as
possible, United States Information officers with Foreign Service
officers. When there is room for variance, the committee desires
that differences between benefits accorded to Foreign Service officers
and those accorded to United States Information officers shall be
reduced to a minimum.
I t is the conclusion of the Committee on Foreign Relations that
5. 3638 contains necessary modifications of the United States Informa-
tion and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 which will help the
Department of State carry out a more effective United States educa-
tional exchange program and help the United States Information
Agency to administer it more effective United States information
program. The committee strongly urges the Senate to approve S.
3638.
In compliance with subsection (4) of rule XXIX of the standing
rules of the Senate changes in existing law made by the bill, as reported
are shown as follows (existing law proposed to be omitted. is enclosed in
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AMENDMENTS TO EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1948 15
black brackets, new matter is printed in italics; existing law in which
no change is proposed is shown in roman):
[Pir$LIC LAW 402--80TH CONGRESS]
[CHAPTER 36--2D SESSION]
[II. R. 33421
AN ACT
To promote the better understanding of the United States among the peoples of
the world and to strengthen cooperative international relations.
Be it enacted by the Senate, and House of Representatives of the United
States of America in Congress assembled,
TITLE I--SHORT TITLE, OBJECTIVES, AND DEFINITIONS
SECTION 1. This Act may be cited as the "United States Informa-
tion and Educational Exchange Act of 1948".
SEC. 2. The Congress hereby declares that the objectives of this Act
are to enable the Government of the United States to promote a better
understanding of the United States in other countries, and to increase
mutual understanding between the people of the United States and the
people of other countries. Among the means to be used in achieving
these objectives are-
(1) an information service to disseminate abroad information
about the United States, its people, and policies promulgated by
the Congress, the President, the Secretary of State and other
responsible officials of Government having to do with matters
affecting foreign affairs;
(2) an educational exchange service to cooperate with other
nations in-
(a) the interchange of persons, knowledge, and skills;
(b) the rendering of technical and other services;
(c) the interchange of developments in the field of educa-
tion, the arts, and sciences;
(d) the development of projects for diffusion of knowledge
which are of interest and value to the United States and other
countries.
TITLE 11-INTERCHANGE OF PERSONS, KNOWLEDGE
AND SKILLS
SEC. 201. (a) The Secretary is authorized to provide for interchanges
on a reciprocal basis between the United States and other countries
of students, trainees, teachers, guest instructors, professors, and lead-
ers in fields of specialized knowledge or skill and shall wherever pos-
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16 AMENDMENTS TO EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 19,18
sible provide these interchanges by using the services of existing
reputable agencies which are successfully engaged in such activity.
The Secretary may also provide for the attendance of nationals of one
cooperating country at selected institutions of learning or places of study
in another cooperating country, for the purpose of study of subjects per-
taining to or affecting the United States or of participation in meetings
sponsored by individuals or public or private organizations of the United
States, when he determines that urgent foreign relations objectives would
be served thereby. [The Secretary may provide for orientation courses
and other appropriate services for such persons from other countries
upon their arrival in the United States, and for such persons going to
other countries from the United States. When any country fails or
refuses to cooperate in such program on a basis of reciprocity the
Secretary shall terminate or limit such program, with respect to such
country, to the extent lie deems to be advisable in the interests of the
United States. The persons specified in this section shall be ad-
nutted as nonimmigrants under section 101 (a) (15) of the hnrnigra-
ti.on and Nationality Act, for such time and under such conditions
as may be prescribed by regulations promulgated by the Secretary of
State and the Attorney General. A person admitted under this section
who fails to maintain the status under which he was admitted or who
fails to depart from the United States at the expiration of the time
for which he was admitted, or who engages in activities of a political
nature detrimental to the interests of the United States, or in activities
not consistent with the security of the United States, shall, upon the
warrant of the Attorney General, be taken into custody and promptly
deported pursuant to sections 241., 242, and 243 of the Immigration
and Nationality Act. Deportation proceedings under this section
shall be summary and the findings of the Attorney General as to
matters of fact shall be conclusive. Such persons shall. not be eligible
for suspension of deportation under section 244 of the Immigration
and Nationality Act.]
(b) The Secretary may provide for orientation courses and other ap-
propriate services and materials in the case of persons coming to the
United States from other- countries and going to other countries from the
United States under provisions of this Act or for purposes which the Sec-
retary determines to be in, furtherance oj the objectives of this Act.
(c) When any country fails or refuses to cooperate in. the program
provided herein the Secretary shall terminate or limit such program, with
respect to such country, to the extent he deems to be advisable in. the interests
of the United States.
(d) The foreign exchange visitors provided for in this section shall be
admitted as nonimmigrants under section 101 (a) (15) of the Immigration
and Nationality Act for .such time and under such conditions as may
be prescribed by regulations promulgated by the Secretary of State and
the Attorney General. Exchange -visitors so admitted shall not be eligible
for a change of status under the provisions of section 2/8 of the Immigra-
tion and Nationality Act, nor for adjustment of status under provisions
of section 245 of that Act. An exchange visitor who fails to maintain
nonimmigrant status and exchange visitor classification or who fails
to depart from the United States on the termination of such status or
classification, shall, upon warrant of the Attorney General, be taken
into custody and promptly deported pursuant to sections 241, 2.42, and
2113 of the Immigration and Nationality Act. Exchange visitors who
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AMENDMENTS TO EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1948 17
engage in activities of a political nature detrimental to the interests of the
United States, or in activities not consistent with the security of the
United States shall be considered to have failed to maintain exchange
visitor classification. Deportation proceedings under this section shall be
summary and the ,findings of the Attorney General as to matters of fact
shall be conclusive. Exchange visitors shall not be eligible for suspension
of deportation under section 244 of the Immigration and Nationality Act.
1110OKS AND MATERIALS
SEC. 202. The Secretary is authorized to provide for interchanges
between the United States and other countries of books and periodicals,
including government publications, for the translation of such writ-
ings, and for the preparation, distribution, and interchange of other
educational materials.]
SEC. 202. The Secretary is authorized to provide for interchanges be
tween the United States and other countries of books and periodicals,
including Government publications, and for the preparation, publication,
distribution, translation, and interchange of such writings and other
cultural and educational materials, including visual and auditory
materials of all kinds.
TITLE VI--ADVISORY COMMISSIONS TO FORMULATE
POLICIES
SEC. 601. There are hereby created two advisory commissions, (1)
United States Advisory Commission on Information. (hereinafter in
this title referred to as the Commission on Information) and (2)
United States Advisory Commission on Educational Exchange (here-
inafter in this title referred to as the Commission on Educational
Exchange) to be constituted as provided in section 602. The Com-
missions shall formulate and recommend to the Secretary policies and
programs for the carrying out of this Act: Provided, however, That
the Commission on Educational Exchange shall recomme' cd policies and
programs to further cultural relations with participating countries by
means of exchange of persons and other means, and shall, recommend cri-
teria for the selection of persons for participation in exchange programs
under this Act: And provided further, That the commissions created by
this section shall have no authority over the Board of Foreign Scholar-
ships of the program created by Public Law 584 of the Seventy-ninth
Congress, enacted August 1, 1946, or the United States National
Commission for UNESCO.
MEMBERSHIP OF THE COMMISSIONS; GENERAL PROVISIONS
SEC. 602. (a) Each Commission shall consist of five members, not
more than three of whom shall be from any one political party.
Members shall be appointed. by the President, by and with the advice
and' consent of the Senate. No person holding any compensated
Federal or State office shall be eligible for appointment: Provided,
That no office under a State university, land-grant college, or other
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18 AMENDMENTS TO EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF ' 199:8
similar educational institution shall be deemed to be a compensated
I ederal or State office for the purposes of this subsection. After July
1? 16'56, the Commission on Information shall consist of seven members,
not more than , four of whom shall be , from any one political party; and
the appointments of the two additional members initially shall be for
terms ending in January 1957 but thereafter shall be for three year terms.
(c) The members of the Commission on Educational Exchange shall
represent the public interest and shall be selected from a cross section
of educational, cultural, scientific, technical, [and public service]
public service, professional, busineas, agriculture, and labor backgrounds.
* * * * * * *
SEC. 603. The Commissions shall meet not less frequently than once
each month during the first six months after their establishment, and
thereafter at such intervals as the Commissions find advisable, and
shall transmit to the Secretary a quarterly report, and to the Con-
gress [a semiannual] an annual report of all programs and activities
carried on Tinder the authority of this Act, including appraisals,
where feasible, as to the effectiveness of the several programs, and
such recommendations as shall have been made by the Commissions
to the Secretary for effectuating the purposes and objectives of this
Act and the action taken to carry out such recommendations.
SEC. 604. The Secretary is authorized to establish in any country in
which a program under this Act is in effect an advisory commission which
may be composed of citizens of such. country or citizens of the United
States, or both. It shall be the function of any commission .so established
to advise the Secretary with respect to matters concerning the administra-
tion of such program. The Secretary is also authorized, wherever practi-
cable, to utilize in the administration of exchange programs under this
Act the services of any binational commission established under authority
of any other law providing similar exchange programs. Appropriations
arcade to carry out the purposes of this Act shall be available to the Secretary
for payment of the expenses of any commission established or utilized
pursuant to this section.
* * * * * *
TITLE VII-APPROPRIATIONS
* * * * * * *
SEC. 702. (a) The Secretary shall authorize the transfer to. other
Government agencies for expenditure in the United States and in other
countries, in order to carry out the purposes of this Act, any part
of any appropriations available to the Department for carrying out
the purposes of this Act, for direct expenditure or as a working fund,
and any such expenditures may be made under the specific authority
contained in this Act or under the authority governing the activities
of the Government agency to which a part of any such appropriation
is transferred, provided the activities come within the scope of this Act.
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(b) ' Whenever the President determines it to be necessary for the purposes
of this Act, not to exceed 10 per cent of the. funds made available to carry out
United States information program activities may be transferred to and
consolidated with the funds made available to carry out international
educational exchange activities and may be used for any of the purposes
for which the latter funds may be used.
SEC. 50.1. In carrying out the purposes of this Act, the Secretary is
authorized, in addition to and not in limitation of the authority
otherwise vested in him-
(5) to employ, without regard to the civil-service and classi-
fication laws, when such employment is provided for by the
appropriation Act, (i) persons on a temporary basis, and (ii)
aliens within the United States, but such employment of aliens
shall be limited to services related to the translation or narration
of colloquial speech in foreign languages when suitably qualified
United States citizens are not available; [and]
[(6). to create, with the approval of the Commission on Infor-
mation and the Commission on Educational Exchange, such
advisory committees as the Secretary may decide to be of assis t-
anee in formulating his policies for carrying out the purposes of
this Act. No committee member shall be allowed any salary or
other compensation for services; but he may be paid his actual
transportation expenses, and not to exceed $10 per diem in lieu of
subsistence and other expenses, while away from his home in
attendance upon meetings within the United States or in consul-
tation with the Department under instructions.]
(6) to create, with the approval of the Commission on Information
and the Commission on Educational Exchange, such advisory com-
mittees as the Secretary may decide to be of assistance in formulating
his policies for carrying out the purposes of this Act; and from time
to time to hold meetings of representatives of United States cultural
and educational institutions and other organizations interested in
programs under this Act for the purpose of makign reports on, and
obtaining comments and suggestions with respect to, such programs.
Such persons will not be considered as persons `employed or assigned
to duties by the Government' within the meaning of the Act. No
such member of an advisory committee or representative of any such
institution or organization shall be allowed any salary or other
compensation for services, but he may be paid his actual transpor-
tation expenses and per diem in lieu of subsistence and other ex-
penses at the rate prescribed by or established pursuant to section 5
of the Administrative Expense Act of 1946, as amended (5 U. S. C.
73 b-s) while away from his home in attendance upon meetings
within the t'nited States or in consultation with the Department
under instructions;
(7) to engage the services of experts and consultants, or organiza.
ti,;ons thereof, as authorized by section 15 of the Act of August 2,
1946 (U. S. C., title 5, sec. 55a), and individuals so engaged
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may be compensated at rates not in excess of $50 per day and,
while away from their )comes or regular places of business, may
&s paid travel expenses, including per diem allowances in lieu of
subsistence at the rates provided for in the Standardized Govern-
ment Travel Regulations.
SEC. 802. In carrying on activities which further the purposes of
this Act, subject to approval of such activities by the Secretary, the
Department and the other Government agencies are authorized-
(2) to make contracts, including contracts of insurance, guar-
anty, and indemnity, and contracts with governmentaiy agencies,
foreign or domestic, including subdivisions thereof, and inter-
governmental organizations of which the United States is a mem-
ber, and with respect to contracts entered into in foreign coun-
tries, without regard to section 3741 of the Revised Statutes (41
U. S. C.22) ;
(3) under such regulations as the Secretary may prescribe, to
pay the transportation expenses, and not to exceed $10 per diem in
lieu of subsistence and other expenses, of citizens or subjects of
other countries, without regard to the Standardized Government
Travel Regulations and the Subsistence Act of 1926, as amended;
[and]
(4) to make grants for, and to pay expenses incident to train-
ing and study[.];
(5) to pay emergency medical expenses and expenses of travel
incurred by reason of illness for alien employees while assigned
temporarily for duty outside the countries in which they reside or
for participants in activities authorized by this Act and to pay for
accompanying medical attendants in such cases; and
(6) to pay the travel expenses, including a per diem allowance
in lieu of susbistence, of alien employees and their dependents
when such employees are authorized to travel in connection with
appointment, change of duty, or separation.
TITLE LK-FUNDS PROVIDED BY OTHER SOURCES
:SEC. 902. [If any other government shall express the desire to pro-
vide funds, property, or services to be used by this Government, in
whole or in part, for the expenses of any specific part of the program
undertaken pursuant to this Act, the Secretary is authorized, when he
finds it in the public interest, to accept such funds, property, or
services.] If any other Government or any international organization
shall express the desire to provide f unds, property, or services to be used
by this Government, in whole or in part, for the expenses of any specific
part c f the program undertaken pursuant to this Act, the Secretary is
authorized, when he finds it in the public interest, to accept such funds,
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AMENDMENTS TO EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1948 21
property, or services. Funds so received may be established as a
special deposit account in the Treasury of the United States, to be
available for the specified purpose, and to be used for reimbursement
of appropriations or direct expenditure, subject to the provisions of
this Act. Any unexpended balance of the special deposit account
and other property received under this section and no longer required
for the purposes for which provided shall be returned to the govern-
ment providing the funds or property.
SEC. 1008. The Secretary shall submit to the Congress semiannual
reports of expenditures made and activities carried on under authority
of this Act, inclusive of appraisals and measurements, where feasible,
as to the effectiveness of the several programs in each country where
conducted, except that the report concerning activities under the educa-
tional exchange programs authorized by this Act shall be submitted an-
nually on or before the thirty-first day of December of each year to apply
to activities conducted during the previous fiscal year.
SEC. 1012. For the purpose of promoting and maintaining friendly
relations abroad by the prompt settlement of meritorious claims arising
in a foreign country, the Secretary of State and the Director of the United
States Information Agency, and such other officers as they may designate
for such purposes, and under such regulations as they may prescribe,
are hereby authorized to consider, ascertain, adjust, determine, and make
payments, where accepted by the claimants in full satisfaction and in
final settlement, of claims on account of damage to or loss or destruction
of public or private property both real and personal or on account of
personal injury or death, including claims respecting personal property
bailed to the Government and claims for damages incident to the use and
occupancy of real property, whether under a lease, express or implied,
or otherwise, whenever caused by any instrumentality, officer, agent or
employee of the Department or Agency, incident to the performance of
any official functions for the United States, when the amount of such
claim does not exceed $5,000: Provided, That in cases where the amount
exceeds $2,500 but does not exceed $5,000, payment shall be made only
after approval by the Secretary or Director.
The Secretary or Director may certify to Congress any meritorious
claim or portion thereof which is in excess of $5,000 as may be deemed
to be just and reasonable for payment out of appropriations that may be
made by Congress therefor.
No claim shall be considered unless presented within one year after
the claim arose, except for good cause shown. that the claim could not
have been presented within that period of time.
Every claim settled under the authority of this Act shall be final and
conclusive for all purposes, notwithstanding any other provision of law
to the contrary.
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22 AMENDMENTS TO EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1948
SEc. 1013. (a) In accordance with regulations prescribed by him and
after suitable examination, the Director of the United States Information
Agency may appoint persons to be known as United States Information
Officers. Such officers shall be appointed, promoted, and retained on the
basis of merit and fitness and may be separated only in accordance with
law. Except for the limitations of time contained in sections 522 and
521)7 of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, as amended, all provisions of
law not inconsistent herewith which are applicable to foreign Service
deserve Officers shall be applicable to United States Information Officers,
and the Director shall be guided by the policies and principles prescribed
in, those sections. The Director shall establish such examining and selec-
ti,on boards or panels as may be necessary for use in the appointment,
promotion, and separation of United States Information Officers.
(b) Any United States Information Officer may be separated by the
Director for unsatisfactory performance of duties, but only after a review
of his case by, and opportunity for a hearing before, an impartial advisory
board appointed by the Director. The Director shall also provide for
the periodic appraisal of such officers and, in accordance with regulations
prescribed by him, may separate those who are consistently ranked below
a nmin+'smum level prescribed for their class.
~c) The Director may establish an independent retirement and dis-,
ability system for the benefit of United States information officers based on
the provisions of the foreign Service Act of 1946, as heretofore or here-
after amended. Any officer separated pursuant to subsection (b) hereof
.hall be entitled to the payments or retirement benefits prescribed in sections
63.1 or 637 of that Act, as appropriate.
SEC. 1014. The agency established by section 1 of Reorganization Plan
Numbered 8 of 1953 shall hereafter be known as the "United States In-
forrnation Service" and all references in such reorganization plan or in
any statute, regulation, agreement, or other legal instrument to the "United
States Information Agency" shall be construed to refer to the "United
States Information Service". Nothing in this section shall be construed
to alter or affect in any way the functions, authorities, or responsibilities
of the agency.
{.)
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