FIFTH ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT TO THE IAC OF THE ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE

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Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7
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RIPPUB
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S
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17
Document Creation Date: 
December 22, 2016
Document Release Date: 
November 6, 2012
Sequence Number: 
12
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Publication Date: 
August 1, 1956
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REPORT
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 EIC-D-171+ FIFTH ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT TO TIIE.IAC OF THE ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE C%MTTEE AUGUST 1956 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 S-E-C-R-E-T TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Principal Developments in Economic Intelligence Coordination II, EIC Accomplishments in Fiscal Year 1956 III. Future Outlook TAB A. Organization Chart of the EIC (as of 1 July 1956) 6 TAB B. X IC Production and Special Activities 7 I. July 1955 - 30 June 1956 (Chart) TAB C. EIC Production and Special Activities 8 1 July 1955 -'30 June. 1956' (Annota.ted Listing) S -E -C -R--E -T Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 S -E !i = E -T FIFTH ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT TO. THE IAC ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE JULY 1955 - JUNE 1956 I. Principal-Developments in Economic Intelligence-Coordination The year ending 30 June 1956 witnessed a marked extension of Bloc efforts to gain economic and political advantage by expanding Sino-Soviet economic relations with. Free World countries. Accordingly, important new EIC efforts were instituted to provide coordinated intelligence on these developments. At the request of the Special Assistant to the President for Foreign Economic Policy, a special EIC working group was established to follow systematically and report regularly (biweekly and quarterly) on Sino-Soviet foreign economic activities, particularly in underdeveloped countries of the Free World. Ad hoc EIC working groups were established to study the "Economic Implications of the Denial of Middle East Oil" to the Free World and to evaluate the extent of Free World "Copper Exports to the Sino-Soviet Bloc in 1955." The standing subcommittees of the EIC regularly provided intelligence support for the consideration of proposed U.S. - Soviet Bloc exchange visits; and the EIC community-wide survey listings of economic intelligence research were extended to cover research on Free World countries which might be subject to Bloc economic influences. The major attention of the EIC, nevertheless, remained centered on analysis of the Sino-Soviet Bloc itself. Completed EIC studies on the Bloc in FY 1956 included estimates of Soviet military POL consumption, economic aspects of Soviet science and technology, and the 195+ patterns of'China's trade and transport. Major studies still in progress include the study of China's trade and transport in 1955, Soviet agricultural prospects, revised estimates of the capacity of the Trans-Siberian Railway, and an analysis of Bloc military trans.- port capabilities for conducting an offensive into Western Europe (see Section ITA f: and Tabs B and C attached) The regular EIC survey listings of economic research completed or in progress and the periodically revised EIC surveys of priority deficiencies in research and collection within this field provide aids for programming within government agencies of economic research on the Sino-Soviet Bloc. Within the framework of DCID 15/1, greater understanding has been obtained within the intelligence com- munity of the responsibilities and capabilities of the various agencies for the. production of economic intelligence in the interests of national. security. This Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 S-E-C-R-E-T has resulted in greater exchange of knowledge and information among professional and technical personnel in the various agencies at the working level, and more effective and rapid coordination of responses to special requests placed upon the EIC. Some economic intelligence questions can now be most efficiently answered by single agency effort or by informal consultation among analysts of two or more agencies. Accordingly some of the EIC subcommittees have become less active and the EIC discontinued, in January, its Subcommittee on Armaments. The EIC Working Group on Guided Missiles was disbanded in December after formation of the Guided Missile Intelligence Committee of the IAC. II. EIC Accomplishments in Fiscal Year 1956 A. Major Studies and Related Support Activities During this year coordinated ESC studies were produced on six.different 1. The new EIC Working Group on Sino-Soviet Bloc Economic Activities in Underdeveloped Areas published ten biweekly reports on the developing Soviet economic offensive in the Free World. About 500 copies of each issue are cur- rently distributed; 60 copies of future issues are to be sent regularly to U.S. Foreign Service posts.25X1 25X1 2. The annual and Transport met in June in conclusions on China's trade (unilateral) report for 1955 EIC-Rl-S5. gence Conference on Communist China's Trade and issued an agreed summary of principal and transport for 1955, A more detailed US is now under revision for early publication as 3. Three other EIC studies on special problems were completed, covering the "Economic Implications of the Denial of Middle East Oil", "Estimated Military Consumption of Petroleum Products by the Sino-Soviet Bloc, 1950-1955?"; and a contribution to NIE 11-6-56 on "Capabilities and Trends of'Soviet Science and Technology". In addition, the EIC provided support to a coordinated study of the "Armored Fighting Vehicle Industry of the Soviet Bloc, 1945-1955", now in publication by ACSI. B. Review of Research and Other'Support of Research Programming 1. The EIC again issued semi-annual and annual survey listings of internal and external economic research projects on the.Sino-Soviet Bloc, covering the calendar year 1955. Underdeveloped areas of the Free World were covered for the first time by a similar survey listing (for the year 1954) which it is planned to bring up to date and expand in the near future. S-E-C-R-E-T Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 S-E-C-R-E-T 2. Four surveys of priority deficiencies in research or collection were approved and published for particular sectors of the Bloc economy, and twelve others are currently in preparation. Account has been taken of identified re- search deficiencies in the annual programming of the agencies primarily responsible. C. Improvement of Collection Requirements and Other Support for Collection Activities 1. The EIC Subcommittee on Requirements and Facilities for Collection completed preparation of a Bibliography of Requirements Manuals and Guides available in the community for interrogation on Economic and Scientific and Technical intelligence on the Sino-Soviet Bloc. Since many of the collection aids therein listed cut across several fields this bibliography was coordinated with the Scientific Estimates Committee, Joint Atomic Energy Intelligence Committee and Guided Missiles Intelligence Committee. 2. The Requirements Subcommittee continued to be the focus of a number of other continuing community-wide efforts to improve collection requirements for economic information and guidance for collection activities. b. Economic Reporting Guidance-Program During FY-1956 additional reporting guidance, maps and photo- graphic equipment were supplied Foreign Service economic reporting officers in Moscow, Bucharest, Budapest, Prague and Warsaw, which contributed to the-.con- tinued improvement in the quality of economic reporting from Moscow and the European Satellites. c. Procedures for Filling Priority Collection Gaps For several years the EIC has sought to develop procedures for obtaining more effective coordinated action in response to EIC-approved surveys of priority collection deficiencies. It is now generally agreed that the process of preparing such surveys of priority gaps is itself the best means of assuring remedial action. In the process of their preparation by individual subcommittees, S -E -C -R-E -T Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 principal deficiencies in reporting become more clearly identified by the officers concerned -- who then serve collection requirements on the field through the-regular mechanisms of their respective:agencies. Furthermore., the EIC-approved surveys are referred to the Requirements Subcommittee in order that any additional appropriate action may be taken. 'D. Other Activities (See Tabs B and C. attached) 1. Technical Advice on Exchange Proposals During the latter part of the year the IAC Standing Committee on Exchanges increasingly called on the members of EIC subcommittees for their technical advice and suggestions in connection with proposed visits of Bloc technicians to the U. S. in exchange for visits of U. S. technicians to the Soviet Bloc. To date ten EIC subcommittees have been asked to comment on one or more specific exchange proposals and have provided detailed responses. 2. Support for National Intelligence Estimates As part of its responsibility for systematic evaluation of the efforts of the.economic intelligence community, the EIC had-appointed a special group of its members to'examine the problem. The recon endations of this group as approved in August 1955 placed primary emphasis on improved. support for the National Intelligence Estimates program. In line with these recommendations, the EIC specifically considered the economic portions of 'the Post Mortems on NIE 11-5-55., "Air Defense of the Sino-Soviet Bloc, 1955-60"; and NIE 13-56, "Chinese Communist Capabilities and Probable Courses of Action Through 1960", to assure that appropriate remedial actions were being taken by the various responsible agencies. The EIC has recently undertaken to prepare a statement of Priority National Economic Intelligence Objectives as a means of identifying and expanding the economic aspects of'DCID 1i-/5, Priority National Intelligence Objectives. 3. Reviews of External Economic Research Projects (See Annex to Tab c attached) 25X1 In accordance with D.CID 15/1, seven proposals for external research, involving contracts totalling approximately F----Iwere favorably reviewed. 4. Other Subcommittee and Working Group, Activities The subcommittees continued the development and maintenance of agreed basic statistics in their separate fields of responsibility. A number of subcommittees discussed important substantive papers in their fields, and explored differences in methods of analysis used. The Transportation Subcommittee S E -C -R-E.-T Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 S-E-C-R-E-T in particular has made major progress toward developing agreed technical methodologies, and is increasingly relying on the full-time interagency working group sponsored by ACSI for coordinated development of important estimates in the Subcommittee's field of interest. III. Future Outlook As the EIC enters its sixth year of community-wide coordination of econ- omic intelligence no particular problems appear to call for special emphasis. It may be expected that future work will generally continue along present lines, with increasing attention to the economic activities of the Bloc in Free World countries. 25X1 OTTO E. GU7 Chairman Economic Intelligence Committee S-E-C-R-E-T Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 -1428-F - Uw 4 W' (A ta7 ~ U z? z1 ,'~~FFU 4 ~ E. 9i 9w 0UO ?www w?~ W" 0 PO ~. 0 db as U~ IW nI I F I W V W W V Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 , .I( ? SECRET PR ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE ODUCTION AND SPECIAL ACTIVITIES FY 1955/56 REQUIREMENTS SUBCOMMITTEE Development of Procedures for Correcting Priority Deficiencies in Collection Exchange of Collection and Interrogation Manuals Coordination of the Comprehensive Economic Reporting Program (CERP) Working Group on Sino-Soviet Bloc Economic Activities in Underdeveloped Areas Working Group oa Transportation Capabilities Estimates (Sponsored by ACSI) Technical Advice to the IAC Standing Committee on Exchanger REVIEWS OF PROGRAMS AND FACILITIES LISTINGS OF COMPLETED AND 5-21 PLANNED RESEARCH SUBCOMMITTEE PSC-WP-1 WORKING PAPER EIC WP-4 WORKING PAPER ACSI REPORT {P-11 EIC Working Group Biweekly Reports on Sino-Soviet Bloc Economic Activities in Underdeveloped Acese Communist China's Imports and Exports, 1954: Trade and Transport Involved (Joint US-UK) Economic Implications of the Denial of }fiddle East Oil Military Cooanmption of Petroleum Products- Sino-Soviet Bloc, 1950-55 EIC Contribution to NIE i1-6-56, "Capabilities and Trends of Soviet Science and Technology" Armored Fighting Vehicle Industry of the Soviet Bloc, 194.0-50 (EIC assistance to ACSI) ORITY GAPS IN RESEARCH ON IN COLLECTION ON S-16(12-Ic SINO-SOVIET BLOC Internal and External Governmental Research on Selected Peripheral Non-Bloc Aresa (1954) Internal and External Goveramental Research Projects on the Sino-Soviet Bloc (let half 1955) Internal and External Governmental Research Projects on the Sino-Soviet Blue (1955) Bibliography of Economic and Scientific and Technical Guide Acquirements SECRET SUBSTANTIVE SUBCOMMITTEES AND WORKING GROUPS Review- of Proposed External Research Projects Development of Agreed Buie Statistics Review of Substantive Papers and Methodologies OTHER ASSIGNMENTS SUPPORTING THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY, UNDERTAKEN BY VARIOUS SPECIAL WORKING GROUPS AS ACTIVATED Inventorying of Government and Government-Sponsored Economic Research and Related Matters Working Group for Systematic Evaluation of the Effort of the Intelligence Community (Completed) Consideration of Post llortemo on: NIB 11-5-55. "Air Defense of the Sino-Soviet Bloc, I950-1960" (Electronics Production Aspects) (Completed) \IE 13-56, "Chinese Communist Capabilities and Probable Courses of Action through 1960" J. Progress) Working Group on Guided Missiles Economic Intelligence (Discontinued) Working Group on Priority National Economic Intelligence Objectives (In Progress) Working Group on Copper Exports to the Sino-Soviet Bloc in 1955 (In Progress) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 EIC PRODUCTION AND SPECIAL ACTIVITIES 1 July 1955 to 30 June 1956 I. Reports and Special Studies Completed Reports and Studies EIC Designation EIC-.WGR-1/1 through 1/10 EIC-R-15 Preliminary EIC-RI- S1F EIC-PSC-WP-1 EIC-P-11 (ACSI Report) EIC-WP-2i- Title EIC Working Group Biweekly Reports on Sino-Soviet Bloc Economic Activities in Underdeveloped Areas Economic Implications of the Denial of Middle East Oil Communist China's Imports and Exports, 1954: Trade and Transport Involved Military Consumption of Petroleum Products Sino-Soviet Bloc, 1950-55 Armored Fighting Vehicle Industry of the Soviet Bloc (To be published by Department of the Army, ACSI, with acknowledgment of EIC assistance in preparation..) EIC Contribution to NIE 11-6-56,. "Capabilities and Trends of Soviet Science and Technology" Requestor Special Assistant to the President for Foreign Economic Policy NSC Planning Board through DD/I, CIA ONE through SEC Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 B. Reports and Studies in Progress as of 30 Juae 19 EIC-WGR-1 Series EIC Working Group Biweekly Reports on Sino-Soviet Bloc Economic Activities in Underdeveloped Areas (Continuing Series) EIC-Rl-S5 EIC-R9-S1 EIC-P-16 Communist China's Imports and Exports, 1955: Trade and Transport Involved Revision of EIC-R-9, "Capability of the Trans-Siberian Railroad and Connecting Lines in Manchuria and Korea Sino-Soviet Bloc Postwar Economic Activities in Underdeveloped Areas (This summary of postwar activities initiates a series of quarterly reports on subject.) EIC-P-12 Policies, Performances and Prospects of Soviet Agriculture EIC-R-14 Copper Shipments to the Sino-Soviet Bloc in 1955 EIC-P-6 Economic Capabilities of the Soviet Bloc to Support a General War Under Certain Assumptions EIC-P-8 Soviet Bloc's 1955-56 Military Transportation Capability to Launch and Support Campaigns into the Area between the Baltic Sea and the Alps S-E-C-R-E-T Special Assistant to the President for Foreign Economic Policy Special Assistant to the President for Foreign, Economic Policy State Department State Department Jo.int?Staff .through IAC WSEG through IAC Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 II. EIC Surveys o Surveys Completed EIC-S-23 EIC-S-5/2 EIC-S-1/7 Section I EIC-5-16/2 EIC-S-16/12 (c) Section I EIC-S-16/12 (a) Section I Report of Internal and External Economic Research Projects on Selected Peripheral Non-Bloc Areas (1 January 1954 through 31 December 1954) 1955 Semiannual Report of Internal and External Economic Research Projects on the Sino-Soviet Bloc (1 January 195-5 through 30 June 1955) 1955 Annual Report of Internal and External Economic Research Projects on the Sinn- Soviet Bloc (1 January 1955 through 31 December 1955) Bibliography of Economic and Scientific xr a Technical Guide Requirements 25X1 Priority Deficiencies of Research on the Sing-Soviet Bloc Armaments Industries Section.I0 USSR Priority Deficiencies of Collection on the Sino-Soviet Bloc Armaments Industries Section I. USSR Priority Deficiencies of Collection on the Sino-Soviet Bloc Transportation Systems Part c Highways Section I. USSR Priority Deficiencies-of Collection on the Sing-Soviet Bloc Transportation Systems Part d. Inland Waterways Section I. USSR EIC Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 S-E-C-R-E-T B. ETC Surveys in Prrofress as of 30 e 9~6 EIC--S-24 EIC-S-1f 3 EIC-S-1/6 EIC-S-1/8 (a) Section II EIC-S-:1/8 (b) Section II EICy-S,-i/9 (e) EIC-S-1/ll EIC-S-1/12 EIC-5-1/13 EIC-S-16/6 (a) Section IT Priority National Economic Intelligence IAC Objectives Priority Def ici.encies .of Research on Sino- EIC Soviet Bloc Trade and Finance Priority Deficiencies. of Research in the EIC Field of General Economic Analysis of the Sino-Soviet Bloc Priority Deficiencies of Research on Sino* EIC Soviet Bloc Electronics and Telecommunications Part a. Equipment Production Section IT. Communist China .Priority Deficiencies. of Research on Sino- EIC Soviet Bloc Electronics and Telecommunications Part b. Facilities (installations) Section IT. Communist China Priority Deficiencies of Research on the Sino- ETC Soviet Bloc Transportation System,$ Part e. Air Transportation Priority Deficiencies of Research on the Sing- EIC Soviet Bloc Electric Power and Solid Fuels Priority Deficiencies of Research on. Sino- EIC Soviet Bloc Industrial Machinery and. Equipment Priority Deficiencies of Research on Sino- EIC Soviet Bloc Shipbuilding Priority Deficiencies of 'Collection on Sino- ETC Soviet Bloc Electronics and. Telecommunications Part a. Equipment Production Section IT. Communist China S-E-C-R-E-T Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 S-E.-C-R-E-T B. EIC Surveys in Progress as of 30 June 1956 EIC-S-16/6 (b) Section II. Priority Deficiencies of Collection on Sino- Soviet Bloc Electronics and Telecommunications EIC Part b. Facilities (Installations) Section II. Communist China EIC-S-1612 (e) Priority Deficiencies of Collection on Sino- Soviet Bloc Transportation-Systems Part e. Air Transportation EIC -S -1613 Priority Deficiencies of Collection on Sino- Soviet Bloc Shipbuilding EIC-SRA-1 List of Key Soviet Personnel Concerned with Electronics Subcommittee Research and Production in the Electrotechnical & Telecom- Research Aid Industry of the USSR munications Subcommittee, EIC S-E -C -R-E -T Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 S-E-C -R-E -T TAB C III..: CONTINUING EIC SPECIAL ACTIVITIES OF THE; EIC SUBCOMMITTEE ON REQUI.R NTS.AND:FACILXTIE FOR :COLLATION 1. Coordination 25X1 Collection B. OF OTHER SUBCOMMITTEES. ,AND WORKING GROUPS 1. Completed Activities Working Group for Systematic Evaluation, of the Effort of the. Intelligence Community Consideration of'Post Mortem on NIX 11-5-55,."Air Defense.of the-Sino-Soviet Bloc,. 1955-.60" (electronics production.' aspect EIC Working Group on Guided Missiles Production (discontinued) 2. In .Progress or Continuing Working Group on Sinop-Soviet Bloc Economic Activities in Underdeveloped Areas 2~ Economic Reporting Guidance Program 3. Development of Procedures for Correcting PriorityDeficiencies in Working Group on Transportation Capabilities-Estimates (under ACSI sponsorship) Technical Advice to the IAC Standing Committee on Exchanges Review of Proposed External,. Research Projects (see Annex to Tab C, f).; Development of Agreed Basic Statistics Review of Substantive. Papers and Methodologies Continuing Exchange of Chinese Trade Information Consideration of Post Mortem on NIE'.13-56, "Chinese Communist Capabilities. and Probable Courses of Action through 19601T 13 a S -E -C -R-E-T Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 SrE-C-R-E-T TAB.C - ANNEX Eazteraal Economic Research .Pr. e jects Reviewed by ETC During Fiscal Year 1256 In accordance with the provisions of DCID 15/1, the following government- sponsored external economic research projects were reviewed by the EIC during fiscal year 1956. In all cases the projects were favorably considered. Title Sponsoring Agency Agriculture in Certain South- Army east Asian Countries Process Analysis of the Air Force -Primary metals industries Panning Study of the Soviet Air Force Aeavy Machine Building Industry Development of Data Arrays. Air Force and Techniques for Target Analysis of the People's Republic of China Data and Techniques for Estimating .Soviet Bloc Military Capabilities and Growth Air Force Amount of Contractor Contract- Dept. of Agriculture Arthur D. Little,Inc., $117,000 Cambridge, Mass. University of North $ 88,500 Carolina& Chapel. Rill, N. C. Council for Economic $160,000 & Industry Research, Inc.., Wash., D.C. Council for Economic $365,000 & Industry Research, Inc., Wash.,. D.C. S E-C.R.-E-T . Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7 S-E-C-R-E-T Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/11/06: CIA-RDP61-00549R000100050012-7