TRIP REPORT OF(Classified)A(Classified)
Document Type:
Collection:
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST):
CIA-RDP63-00314R000200260011-2
Release Decision:
RIPPUB
Original Classification:
S
Document Page Count:
10
Document Creation Date:
November 9, 2016
Document Release Date:
October 8, 1998
Sequence Number:
11
Case Number:
Publication Date:
October 22, 1956
Content Type:
MF
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Body:
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22 OCT 1950
MR40RANDUM F( : Deputy Director/Intelligence
THROUGH: Assistant Director, Research and Reports NO#ed By AD/RR
SUBECT 2 Trip Report of
I. PE"e of Till
A. To attend the sessions of the International Geographical
Congress meeting at Rio de Janeiro from 9 - 18 August and to partici-
pate in the deliberations of the Official US delegation as delegates
named by the National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences.
B. To establish contact sith principal rap-producing organisations
for the purpose of re-negotiat:.ons of latent exchanges or the x of
personal contact.
C. To confer with personnel engaged in geographic research: in the
various countries visited, with a. view toward the appraisal of current
and projected research programs as they relate to: (1) the objectives
of the Ccm '.scion on Geography of the Pan American Institute of Geography
and History (PAIGH); and (2) the revisions in the objectives of this
Commission as suggested by the US delegate. To ascertain the views of
leading geographers, research institutes, and universities concerning
the past work of the Coamaission an Geography and a desirable future pro-
gram as related to needs of the individual Latin American countries
D. To confer with officials responsible for the work of the Inter-
American Geodetic Survey (INiS) in each of the countries visited, and
to become a of the character of the program, its personnel,
accomplishments, pr=Iblers and future plans. To work with responsible
country directors of IAGS in clarifying asp procurement rpesponsib .lities
of the Department of State visa-vis those directed by the Central. ZAGS
office in Panama to the verroais ocel map producers.
25X1 A9a E. To cooperate as appropriate with representatives
of this Agency in the collection of data and accomplishment of other
objectives.
25X1A9a F. To partic5.pate, as an official delegate, in the
meetings of the Commission on Geography of the PAXG3.
25X1A9a
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SUBJECT: Trip Refit of
II. Activities and Finding
A. International Geogratbical Cox an
The XV111th International Geographical Congress meeting
9-18 August was attended by representatives from fifty countries; tbhe
total number of participants vary 1,006. There were large delege tions
from the United States, France, England and Brazil. At the first
plenary session, it became obvious that the President, L. Dudley Stamp,
would attempt to accomplish a major pert of the Union's business b,'
hat appeared to be a railroading operation not at all in line vita
parliamentary procedures. After the first meting was over, a con it
of the actions taken indicated that not one (with the exception of the
written vote described below) bad been subjected to the simple procedures
of voting; all had been passed by acclamation or because of lack of nega-
tive voice.
At this first session, a problem was created over the admittance
of East Gem. By actual written vote, five countries were edmktteds
Ethiopia ............................24 votes
I.,eland ...................... n ......24? votes
Sumgaaxy ............................./23 votes
~ ....... ......................... 23 votes
German Democratic Republic ..........15 votes
All of these were total votes oat of a possible 26. Although the C
received only 15 voter, Stamp riled their admittance into the Union even
after concerted efforts on the part of the US delegation and the delegation
from West Germany to prevent it. The head of the US delegation, T.W. Atwood.,
Jr., actively pursued the matter during the conference period, w?king with
Mr. Wendelin, Political Counselor at the T.JS Embassy in Rio de Janeiro, and
with representatives of Embassies of other countries interested in a reversal
of the decision to admit the Arian Democratic Republic. (See Department of
State Despatch No. 232, 22 August 1956, Rio do Janeiro, confidential, attached
as TAB A.) After a week of concerted negotiations, it appeareed that Stamp,
and Kimball, Executive Secretary of the IGU, would randn adamant in the
stand taken at the first plenary session. Their position was based on
belief that any geographic area of the world could have representation in
the International Geeo raphica3, Union, and that -- in a scientific organi-
zation such as the IGU -- political differences did not matter and sbou1d
not influence the membership of a given area. At the last plenary session,
when the final position of the Union cam before all delegates, Stamp re-
versed his stand by interpreting the 15 votes as an insufficient majority
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SLm1 CTs Trip Report of
to woress the true interaest& of a.U countries adhering to the XGL!.
He therefore recame deed that the question be referred to the b* utive
C maaitteee for study and that the matter be presented to the Union for
decision at some future time.
The United States deie ttiosea and other deUgatioris had been a
bit disrsayed and concerned over the presentation of the new ~tberrs'
application* for adadttanr..e v hen they had not been notified of the
epplication sufficiently in advance for study and determination of s.
country position. This appeared to be a further bit of mishandling of
the Union's business by the President and Secretary.
All official meetings of the US delegation and several t formal
meetings were attended for the purpose of developing tE position resarding
participation in, and the continuance of US support to, certain ca?assittees
and commissions of the Union.
President Kubitsebek of Email officially opened the session by
a wel .-mad? and vSU-delivered speech concerning
the geoSra3 +7i in national affairs. The exhibits wgreoffic ~~d by
the minister of Foreign Affairs of Brasil. most countries were repre-
sented by an exhibit of good quality, the UM making a particular play
by appearing mag naninous in exhibiting a 1 of of its m&pa and publ,! cations .
A very eeSmination of the USSR exhibit revealed that vs
25X 1 X1
S
all of these have boon ordered and we have a eery
"POcUtiOn Of receiving th . MUCh of their exhibit consisted of plates
from various atlases and a good sampling of school maps, as veil. as ob]aust
maps, which are colorful. attractive, and tentative of the kind of
work being done in the U? L. site exhibit was coaagpletely lacking in large-
scale topographic maps, these being under strict security control by the
military. It was interesting to note that the USIR exhibit was located.
strataacalyr at the head of the steps of the exhibit hall and that the
light was 600d. 48 it occupied an outside space close to the vindors. The
exhibit aged to have no central them or mission to perform, cther than
attracting attention.
The kited 1{ingdan exhibit vas large, but heavily camsereial
in character. It appeared that every book dealAw in Britain had placed
samtples of geogra a work.
The US exhibit, and those of several, other countries, were col-
lected and. organized to damonstrata the kinds of geographic research
being dome by representative universities, research institutes, and
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SUSJBCT: Trip Report of 25X1 X1
go~rexrnsient offices . These exhibits were generally less splashy and
attractive, but contilbuted far more toward accomplishing the intent
of a geographic exhibit than did those of nut other countries.
A etings of the sections and commissions pertinent to the
reporters' interests In physicaL geogrepBy, cartography, photo
interpretation, and geographic ;^esearch techniques were attended;
then were profitable, eo imensw?ate with the degree of ucderstandirig
of the languages in which the ptpers were presented. Many of the papers
?tere dull and contributed little toward advancement of the jwofess "o n.
In s cases, they app to ae merely an attempt of the author of
the paper to satisfy r r quis nt.3 for attendance at the IGU. Suss few
papers, hover, were outstanding, but eentch of the value accruing t t
attendance cam from direct coo taet and discussion with a nwaber ci.
geographers from, other countries who have done outstanding work in
certain fields of intertest to us.
The Brazilian organizing caaaaaarittee, under the Leadership of
Professor Hilgard Sternberg, did an excellent job in providing
for the needs of all Congress participants by their excellent arrange-
ments . Sternberg cooperated with the reporters by Providing lists of
delegates, addresses, and other information needed to carry out a segesnt
of our mission.
It became apparent during the course of the Congress that some
care had to. be exercised in xaeeeeting`and talking with Brazilian geogra-
phers because the Caaist Party has succeeded in infiltrating the
geographic profession and optic offices of the Brazilian noverwieL t,
25X6F
ces, the me mbere of the UM delegation, throuy i their activities
e
In many
with Brazilian geographers, bare: out the conclusion that Comm mist infil-
tration has been very successful..
TAB B is a biographical summary of the Russian delegates
prepared by a United States geographer who collaboarated in the collection
or pertinent data.
TAB C is a collection of pictures of Russian and. other delegates
to the Congress.
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S-~T- R-R--T
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ST)BJECTa Trip Report of 25X1 A9a
B. Contacts with PrincipGai 14ap~Producing Or izations
The efforts of the repo ers to re-establish cordial relations
with map-producing a?+enciees, in some i llataente s to re-negotiate la ;e nt;
ex s, and in other instances to do on-the-spot procurement o
needed saps or geograVhie maaterr al.s, were successfully accoapiisho d in
all countries.
During two weeks' active procuarenent in Brazil, the eerchang.
with the Servicio Geogr ico del E, cito vas renegotiates with C a ar?al
Ferias, the Director, and. Col.. Sergio, his Aide. Major John Glob, the
IAGS director in Brazil, vas present and concurred in the term of ex-
change
and its relationship to the l OS facilities and program. .be
work prograws of the Depar nto fled uriai do Obras Contra An ge-cas and.
the Conselho Naciona], de Geografi:a were carefully 1nei tbm dis-
cussions with the respective directors, Engineer Pessoaa and Profeee soar'
Valverde. A survey was made of the work being conducted at, Goo-Photo
Umi t*d, an serial photographic and phot trio concern doing work
for the gone . t. Contacts with key individuals were made in the
Ministry of Marine, Department of Agriculture, Pezzair do Brasil, the Bra-
zilian Touring Club, the Brazilian Autemobilee Association, the i .Ui.stry
of Public Health, the Public Library in Rio, a private engineering 'Lr
and several bookstwes.
In Argentina, contact was made with Col. Victor nugo Nockings,
the Director of the Direccic& General del Servieio Geograf1co Mi Uter
end the exchange was re-affirmed and will be put on an active basis.
Professor Fede ?ico Daaus, president of the Sociedad Argent .na do Estudios
Geograficos, vas consulted concerning phic research In Argentina
and Argentine participation in the PAIGH. Professor Dr, R mew idp A.rdiesone
and Professor Mario Grondons were visited at the Instituto Geogfico __
Facultead do Fil.osofia. The current status of geographic work throughout
Argentina was carefully reviewed and s of mate .ale ermmdned.
In Chile, contacts were made with General R. Calls Montalve,
president of PAIGH; Gen. Daniel ti4rrs Fuentes, the director of the
Instituto GeogAfico Mi.liter, and with his deputy, Col. Saavedra Rojas.
Col. Oscar Avendaeio, directing the IGI activities in Chile through a
committee, expedited introductions to a number of government offices in
which we were Interested. The included the Ministry of Public Works
Jorge ICe? n, director; Depsa.tnto do Meneura do Tierr?as, Ministerio
de TI*rras yr Colonisation _.. Angel. Agui ,era Aponte, chief; nto
do Riegos, Direccion General do Obraas Publicans -- Sr. Dionisto Retaual
director; Direction General del Servicto do Esteedisti ca y Censor --
Carcamto Cantin, director.
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SU Ts Trip Report 25X1 A9a
In Peru, contacts wen: made with the following: Institute
Geopafico Militer -- Col. GuLllerl o Barriga, director; Ministerio
do Fownto y Obras Publican -- Eduardo A. Salgado director of the
Direcei/an do Casinos a d Ernesto Avila, director general of the DIrec-
cion General de Ferroearriles. We also contacted Dr. Ricardo Pales,
who conducted us on a tour of the Avrtomovii Club del Perri.
In Coloanbia, we contacted Dr. Jose Iguacio Ruiz, director, and
Dr. Alfonso Maine, Chief, Archives Section, of the Instituto Geogrefieo
do Colombia; Ernesto Guhl, independent geographer; Dr. Franco of the Banco
do la Republica, and. Dr. Acivedo Letorrre, director of the Depar onto
Mainistrativ o Macional, de Estadistica.
In Fenesuele.. contact vu made with Dr. Eduardo Cal cCCo, Director,
Direccicn de Ca1"tografia Nacional, Ministerio do Obras Publicas and the
Public Relations Departiant of Creole Petroleum.
C. Contacts with Persoasxxei H>yn-ganed In Geogra~ie Research Work
In every country, attempts were made to make contact with leading
geogirapitnners in universities mad those responsible for the direction of
geogx's bic work in research institutes or government offices.
Brazil o f f e r e d a le opportunity to observe direct geographic
contributions to goreriasent pSnunnl ng and operations . The Conselho
Nscional do Geografta, with a considerable staff which is organized
regionally, has completed now and is continuing to work an regional
studies for all of Brasil, as veil as special resource studies rod other
functional studies for regional and operational planning. Copies of all
regional and functional studies were procured and arra ento were ride
to receive future production from the Conselho. Considerable time was
spent by both travelers on different occasions in e4 nine the Center for
the E+raluxticn of Natural Resources, which ran established by Regulation 29
of the PAID charter. The i Advisory Committee to the C'S member of the
Consultation an Geograp y or the PAIGH is especially interested in the type
of progra* being given, the e4 quscy of the program, and the future of the
Center. The Brazil'as Government is tentatively planning to take over the
Center by providing full financial support in 1957. A quick tour provided
by the Director of the Center was supposed to leave visitors with the Im-
pression that t~ae program was being adequately handled and that everything
at the Center was in good condition. Rowever, further inquiry by direct
conversation with ewplcWess of the Center provided information which indi.
cated that conditions there are not as desirable as they should be. A
full report of findings concerning this will be written for the W Advisory
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SUBJ , -. Trip Report of 25X1A9a
Corssdttee to the US Meer of the Co mission an aeogr&&7 of the PAIGL
Although arrangements had been nende in Rio de Janeiro with Professor Ary
Franca, head of geography at the Miveraity of Sao Paulo, to visit his
university, for acme unknown raison he was not availe-ble.
The leading participants in geographic research in Argentina,
now jockeying for position as a result of the overthrow of the Pere
regia s. Professor Federico Dauer, for exwgple, was a Paronista and. is
holding his position as President or the Sociedad Argentina de E st:udioe
Geograaficos. He also feels that he viii continue as the geogapher
meaker an the several cosnttteea of the PAIGH. This is not certain,
however, as Dr. Ardiesonee and Professor Grandona of the Gotagragilic
Institute at the Diversity feel that the days of Dam are nuedlea ed,
and that he will be replaced in i nfla>ential. geographic circles. Excel-
lent work in physical and applied geography is going on in Argentina and
is being done almost exclu*.ivea3 V in response to current national problem.
Copies of research completed during the last several sears were obtained
and provision was made fear receipt of future production.
In Chile, most of the geographic research is being conducted
within the goverment as a part of parog~remss of colonization, regional
development., population study, and irrigation, and at the Diversity of
Saantiago, Institute or Geograpby, under the able leadership of Professor
Fneanaeaealida. As a matter of fact, Professor Fuenzalida'a wall staff is
under kind s of geographic research applied to national vrob].eesa
which were the west antique observed in all of Latin America. Their ?
work on the distribution, content, and inetdece of arineral a in river
water for irrigation will be of aeaaterial value its the utilization of
certain waters coming frmot the Andes for the irrigation of various types
of crops in the valleys of Chile.
In Peru, Colombia, and Venezeeel,n,, geographic work, for the cost
part, is being ;onduetsd an an adjunct or as an integral part of govern-
mental work in the various offices. this was in Colombia,
where a Professor aubl -- A - and a Fr . Ra? sirez 25X6 F
-- in charge of MY acti -- are c geographic and ~ical
studies an their own related to critical gape in ?eogmVftic knowledge for
the country.
D. Contacts with Officials 1 s spansible for Work of the U GS
In every country visited, contact was wade with the Inter--
American Geodetic Survey (UM) officials, their program was reviewed,
progress and difficulties noted. Special attention was given to IAGS
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paoem'eaent activities and the relationship of the local country -- ae es
to the Department of State map-procure went program. A February l9 6
directive from Panama for LIDS to engasge in nap pa~ocurement acts-attics
has created considerable confusion in the minds of responsible L406
officials over their responsibilities for map iroeu nment as. directed
and their desire to cooperate with the Department of State Pr g rs.
In Brazil, we vrearee very successful in work with Major Glab of
IA08 in re-negotiating an exchanges understmnding with the Servicio
Gecarfifico del Eiereito. In this instance, the t.AGS office will be
infewmed of and serve as expediter of the exchange business betveev
the Brazilian outfit and the W"wb ent of State.
In the other cowrtries, most of the excbmnge business eith the
principal map organizations is boing banlled by the LIG8 office. All
naps received are being forwarded to Ponams and then, presvetsb]y, to
Washington for distribution. ?iis, however, does not work and the situ-
ation in these countries not be corrected. All LAGS proms in latin
Anerics bare been cut in .varying degrees and the commanding office" or
each weave concerned about the effects of the cut on local attitudes and
local determination to beep the program: going.
It we Interesting to not. in all countries, and especial in
Brazil, that professional. gsoglraphere -- as did other mseders of pro-
fessionall, fields -- had to battle for their existence in the national
political arena. It was necessary in Brasil for professional people to
bald several jobs in order to male enoudi for adequate living. For
eseacpia, the director of the Center for the Evaluation of Retural Re-
sources, in addition to spending part-time with that orgpnissticen, also
participated in practicing low and was the advisor to President Snbitschelc
an agricultural matters. Several of the professors at the Center were
employed by private fires for several hears of each day and, in addition,
held a job in a government office for the other four hours. In aMr event,
persons filling gcrvea imente" positions were extremely well versed to the
political line-up of parofessiemel people as for as their national politicos
was concerned., and enure not hesitant to predict re-aUgaments or entire
government offices -- d,eerrn tbraugh the barest professional position. --
if and when the government changed. Geegre hie work suffers tremendously
under these kinds of situations because most of the time appeared to b-
devoted to the building and sending of political fences.
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SU3JECTa Trip Report cd
III. Problams or Difficulties
A. As noted in the findingr concerning the LAGS, a problaa exists
over the duplication in map parocurareat caused by the issuance of the
recent LAGS directive instnWting all IAGS offices to engage in mmp--
procur nt activities in Latin America- no offices visited do not
have the staff to carry out the directive and agree that perhaps procure-
sent can better be bundled by they Department of State reap prrocuraaant
program -- tAwouift the direct contacts of its Geographic Attache, who
will presently be reassigned Vie" . - has this prObles Ond" r 25X1 A9a
discussion with G-2 and the local ZAGS office at the Armlr Map Service.
A solution appears to be close at hand.
B. Geographic Research needs encouragement and stia;latiors in Most
Latin American countries. This can be dam tbroug a the exchange Of
prateasit nl people at various levels and by Offering further opportuni-
ties in the United States for he training of Latin American students in
graduate programs.
C. The future at the Center for the Evaluation of Natural Resources
will be of considerable concern to the US Advisoory Casfttee and., on the
basis of information gathered by various members of that committee who
ware in Latin America during the susar, a recoasendation will be Made to
the Organization of American States concerning its future.
D. It professional personnel are to make their ssadeost contribution
both in and outside the its in Latin American. countries, pragress
roust be made in remaviag politics from professional work.
IV. Ccaattsant8
A ==her of coessltarents were made with official govern "t organIza-
tians throughout all. of the countries visited for the exchange of spa
and other gsograpbic materials. These exchange arrange eats, w ich were
re-negotiations for the soot pert, can be explained in Rill if desired.
They are, fir, w a integral port of our existing map acquisition pro-
gram.
V. Receasendations
A. There should be continued exploitation of professional seating
for both the short- and lcog_range benefits to be derived therefrom.
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B. A more realistic cover history should be developed for
professional. personnel atteng professional meetings, or there
should be open admittance of CIA affiliation, with permission to
give title of job and general character of work performed.
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25X1A9a
Enclosures t
*TAB A -- Dept. of State Dertpatch No. 232, 22 Aug. 1956, Rio, C.
TAB B -- The Soviet Delegation at Rio, XVIIIth JOG, 9-l$ Aug. 1956.
*TAB C -- Pictures of Russian and Other Delegates.
(*Attached to first copy of the report only.)
.I R/Ch/G: JAB I Jac/535 (12 Oct. 1956)
Distribution:
2 -- DD /I
2 - FCS/DD/I
2 .- St/I
1 - St/A
2 - Ch/G
~1 oc sb~ f3il - Chief, D/GL
D/ GG
- HR/OCR
- WH/DD/P
a5 65 1 - SR/DD/P
`1 - AD/CI
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