CONSTRUCTIVE ADVICE FOR THE FUTURE MORE IMPORTANT THAN CRITICISM OF THE PAST

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP64B00346R000200170016-9
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
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• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 13, 2004
• Sequence Number: 16
• Publication Date: September 18, 1961
• Content Type: MISC

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18714 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE September 18
the Department of the Navy of providing a The Department of the Navy has advised
complete substitute facility on the lands the committee that it would not object to
4equired. Of the lands to be conveyed to the the amendment.
United States by the State of Oregon, 37,-
320.31 acres thereof were to become public
domain lands of the United States which
equal that portion of the bombing range
now comprised of public domain lands. The
State of Oregon desires to accomplish this
exchange In order that the lands now com-
prising the Boardman Range and lying along
the Columbia River might be utilized for its
greatest economic potential as a space-age
industrial park.
In pursuing the plan as originally contem-
plated it was found that the site originally
selected was unsuitable for a training facility
due to the topography and prevailing air
currents. An alternative plan has been
worked out between the State of Oregon and
the Department of the Navy whereby only
a part of the existing range would be turned
over to the State of Oregon in exchange in
part for State-owned lands with the differ-
ence in value being paid for by the State at
the fair market value. The appraisal will
be made by the Bureau of Land Manage-
ment. The existing range consists of ap-
proximately 96,000 acres. Under this new
plan it is contemplated approximately 48,000
acres will be turned over to the State of
Oregon. The Department of the Navy will
retain aviation easements over about 12,000
acres of this land and will receive some
10,000 acres or more of State-owned lands in
exchange.
The difference in value will be paid for
by the State at the fair market value. In
order to preserve the public domain lands
now making up a part,of the existing range
this proposed measure provides that of the
lands retained by the Navy and of those to
to be conveyed by the State to the Navy 37,-
320.31 acres thereof shall become public
domain lands.
COMMITTEE ACTION
The committee approves of this measure
which will allow the Secretary of the Navy
sufficient flexibility under the law to carry
out a partial conveyance of the lands com-
prising the Boardman Bombing Range. The
modified language proposed contains all pro-
tective features included in the original pro-
vision. The Government's interests are fully
protected and the Department of the Navy
will continue to have an entirely satisfactory
training facility.
FISCAL DATA
f this
sur
ill
t i
t
l
E
t
nac
men
n
aw o
mea
e w
o
THAN
not result in any increased cost to the FUTURE MORE IMPORTANT U.S.
/ CRITICISM OF THE PAST
Government.
EXPLANATION OF THE AMENDMENT ;Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. President, it
The purpose of the amendment is to elimi-
nate from the bill language which would
have reserved for Navy use a portion of the
proceeds of the proposed exchange sufficient
to defray the cost of building a substitute
facility on the new property. This reserva-
tion would have.permitted the Navy to use
Federal funds for construction purposes
without their having been specifically ap-
propriated by the Congress.
The Committee on Armed Services is of
the opinion that this departure from the
established system of providing funds for
military construction was, in this instance,
not justified.
Therefore, the Committee on Armed Serv-
ices amended this provision so as to require
these funds to be covered into the Treasury
of the United States as a miscellaneous
receipt.
The effect of the amendment is to require
the Navy to obtain approval of the Appro-
priations Committees of the Congress before
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill
is open to further amendment. If there
be no amendment to be proposed, the
question is on the engrossment and third
reading of the bill.
The bill (S. 2476) was ordered to be
engrossed for a third reading, was read
the third time, and passed.
Mr. MORSE subsequently said: Mr.
President, I wish to make a brief com-
ment with regard to calendar No. 1018,
S. 2476, which we passed earlier today.
At that time, I did not do what I want
to do now, and that is to express my
very deep appreciation on behalf of my-
self and my colleague from Oregon [Mrs.
NEUBERGER], to the majority and minor-
ity leaders, the chairman of the Com-
mittee on Armed Services, the Senator
from Georgia [Mr. RUSSELL], and the
ranking Republican member of that
committee, the Senator from Massachu-
setts [Mr. SALTONSTALL), for the cooper-
ation that they extended to the two
Senators from Oregon in connection
with the passage of the bill, which is of
great concern and importance in our
State. The bill really relates to the de-
fense program of the United States. It
was necessary that we have action on
this question before adjournment, so
that the Boeing Aircraft Co. may pro-
ceed with the construction of the test-
ing facilities necessary to test certain
equipment that will be vital to the de-
fense of our country.
I wish the members of the Committee
on Armed Services to know that they
have not only the appreciation of the
Senators from Oregon and the members
of the Oregon delegation in the House,
but I am also authorized to express the
deep appreciation of the Governor of
the State of Oregon, with whom the Ore-
gon delegation has worked in the closest
1CONSTRUCTIVE ADVICE FOR
was with regret that I read a headline on
the front page of a newspaper yesterday.
The first part of the headline stated:
"Eisenhower Rakes Kennedy Record;
Sees Indecision-Criticizes Handling of
Crises in Cuba and Laos."
No one is proud of Cuba.
ut I was prow o the willingness of
President Kennedy to accept full respon-
sibility; and this especially because, as a
member of those committees which
looked into the matter, I know that mem-
bers of the government appointed by the
previous administration were at least as
responsible as anybody in their advice.
As to Laos, the record shows clearly
that this problem was strictly an inheri-
tance, caused by previous indecision,
vacillation, and delay.
Much of it started back in 1953; and
Federal funds can be used to construct the with its culminated problems, was laid
substitute facility which will be required if on President Kennedy's doorstep last
the proposed exchange is effected. January.
Dien Bien Phu fell May 7, 1954. Let us
remember that, and why.
Let us also remember that within a
few weeks of his appointment in early
1953, Secretary of Defense Charles Wil-
son announced plans for cutting over $7
billion from the armed services.
A few months later, the previous ad-
ministration adopted its policy of "mas-
sive retaliation," thereby insuring there
would be inadequacies in the defense ca-
pabilities of this country between humili-
ation and nuclear response.
It is now all too clear how much that
incredible "money first" policy cost the
Nation, in prestige as well as in actual
strength.
When President Eisenhower took office
the U.S. Army had 20 combat divisions.
When he left, on paper the divisions re-
maining numbered 14.
But actually there were only 11, be-
cause 3 were ineffective training divi-
sions.
The headline on this story also says
that former President Eisenhower had
profound faith in the services.
That part of the headline reminded
me of a recent book, "The Longest Day,"
a magnificent history of the Normandy
landings.
In that book are pictures of four gen-
erals.
One is General Eisenhower. The
other three-incidentally the first three
generals to land In France during the
invasion-were generals who during the
past administration left the services in
protest against the degree of the reduc-
tion in our conventional forces-Gen.
Matthew Ridgeway, Gen. Maxwell Tay-
lor, and Lt. Gen. James Gavin.
Faith is fine. But against Mr. Khru-
shchev and all that he stands for, we
cannot exist on faith alone.
In that connection, on the floor of
this body last June 26 I gave details of
the actions by the previous administra-
tion which resulted in guaranteeing that
the United States would be behind the
Russians in military rocketry-as the
world knows we are today.
The record is clear that the primary
reason we now hold a secondary position
in space is because the previous admin-
istration refused to put up the neces-
sary money.
To those who say some of this prob-
lem goes further back, I agree.
In that connection, let them read the
testimony by the then General Eisen-
hower, in open hearing on March 29,
1950, before the Senate Appropriations
Committee; and also his answers at that
time to questions, many propounded by
Senators who are still Members of this
body, including the able and distin-
guished junior Senator from Virginia
[Mr. ROBERTSON], who is in the Chamber
at this time.
Perhaps it was right for the previous
administration to continue to reduce our
Army and Marine Corps in the face of
the growing danger. Perhaps we should
have accepted as policy allowing the
Russians to build and operate hundreds
more submarines than we have. Per-
haps we should have passed over to them
voluntarily the previously referred to
lead in space. Perhaps we should have
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 18713
man who died as a patriot of the world.
Dag Hammarskjold believed so fervently
in the concept of the United Nations that
he lived, fought, and died for it. It is
particularly interesting that 13 years
ago another great Swede, Count. Folke
Bernadotte, died in Jerusalem; the ear-
liest well known soldier for this cause.
And now Dag Hammarskjold has lost
his life in the course of fulfilling his duty
for the cause in which he believed.
He had the courage to always say and
to do what he believed was right. He did
not care whether he offended West or
East-his course was firm, unbending,
and unyielding in following what he con-
sidered the path of international peace,
comity, and understanding.
His devotion to his principles placed
him directly athwart the unpleasant de-
signs of the Communists in our world.
Because he was an obstacle to their ef-
forts, the Communists did all they pos-
sibly could to emasculate his office. They
sought to neutralize his effectiveness by
introducing a troika, or three-headed,
version of the Secretary General. And,
like any creature possessed of more than
one head, such a Frankenstinian crea-
tion would indeed have been a monster
in every sense of the word.
A man of utter dedication, a man of
highest principle, a man of tireless
energy, and of deep and unyielding
morality, Dag Hammarskjold was indeed
a wonderful citizen, a world patriot, and
died a world hero.
I salute him, and condole with his
family, his friends, and his nation.
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, I should
like to have the RECORD show my own
views, which I have already stated gen-
erally, upon the very tragic develop-
ment today of the death of Dag Ham-
marskjold.
I express the belief that the best me-
morial we can erect to this great figure
for world peace is for the United Nations,
when it meets tomorrow afternoon at 3
o'clock in New York, not to take any
time with formalities but immediately to
proceed to the election of an interim
successor to Secretary General Ham-
marskjold; to make a considered judg-
ment upon the position the United Na-
tions should take in the Congo with re-
spect to its actions there; and to reject,
as I am sure it will have to reject, the
efforts of the Soviet bloc to seek to im-
pose under these circumstances the idea
of its troika principle on the United
Nations, which would destroy the United
Nations.
Mr. President, more than anything
else, I express the expectation that the
United States will again reassert,
through its delegate to the United Na-
tions, the fact that we are not only the
most powerful but also the greatest
friend of the United Nations, and that
we shall expect to implement the effec-
tive decisions of the United Nations Gen-
eral Assembly, as we have done before.
The United Nations needs this now. I
can think of no greater tribute which
our country could pay to Dag Hammar-
skjold, whose name will go down in his-
tory as one of the greatest supporters of
peace mankind has ever known.
EXCHANGE OF CERTAIN LANDS BE-
TWEEN THE U.S. GOVERNMENT
AND OREGON
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent that the Senate
proceed to the consideration of Calendar
No. 1018, S. 2476.
The PRESIDING OFFICER.. (Mr.
CHURCH in the Chair). The bill will be
stated by title for the information of the
Senate.
The CHIEF CLERK. A bill (S. 2476) to
amend section 207 of the Military Con-
struction Act of 1960 to clarify the au-
thority granted to the Secretary of the
Navy to exchange lands owned by the
United States for lands owned by the
State of Oregon.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection to the request of the Senator
from Montana?
There being no objection, the Senate
proceeded to consider the bill, which had
been reported from the Committee on
Armed Services with an amendment on
page 4, line 3, after the word "receipt",
to strike out "and (3) the amount re-
ceived to defray the cost of providing a
complete substitute facility shall be avail-
able to the Department of the Navy for
the construction and acquisition of such
complete substitute facility" and insert
"and (3) the amount representing the
cost to the Department of the Navy of
providing a complete substitute facility
on the retained lands, if any, and the
State lands so acquired, shall be covered
into the Treasury as a miscellaneous re-
ceipt"; so as to make the bill read:
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That section
207 of the Military Construction Act of
1960 (74 Stat. 166, 175) Is amended to read
as follows:
"SEC. 207. (a) Notwithstanding any other
provisions of law, the Secretary of the Navy
is authorized, upon such terms and condi-
tions as he may determine to be in the pub-
lic interest, to convey to the State of Oregon
all or part of or interest in the lands, in-
cluding acquired and public domain lands,
comprising the Boardman Bombing Range
in the State of Oregon, as delineated on a
map designated as 'War Department, Office of
the Division Engineer, North Pacific Division,
Real Estate, Boardman Precision Bombing
Range,' approved February 17, 1947, drawing
numbered 0-31-52. The conveyance of such
lands to the State of Oregon shall be made
in exchange for a conveyance, without re-
striction as to the use of lands, to the United
States of such lands, or interests therein, of
the State of Oregon as the Secretary of the
Navy shall find suitable for use, with any
lands or interests retained by the Navy, as
a bombing range, and upon payment by the
State of Oregon to the United States of such
amount as the Secretary of the Navy de-
termines to represent the total of (1) the
difference, if any, between the fair market
value of the property so conveyed by the Sec-
retary of the Navy and the fair market value
of the land and interests in lands accepted
in exchange therefor, and (2) the cost to the
Department of the Navy of providing a com-
plete substitute facility on the retained
lands, If any, and the State lands so ac-
quired.
"(b) The State of Oregon shall agree to
be primarily liable and hold the United
Staes harmless from any claims for personal
injury or property damage resulting from
the condition of the lands conveyed by the
United States.
"(c) Of the lands retained by the Navy,,,'rg
any, together with any lands conveyed to the
United States by the State of Oregon,
37,320.31 acres thereof, inclusive of any re-
tained public domain lands, as agreed upon
by the Secretary of the Interior and the Sec-
retary of the Navy, shall become public do-
main lands of the United States subject to
all the laws and regulations applicable there-
to, but shall remain withdrawn from all
forms of appropriation under the public land
laws, including the mining and mineral leas-
ing, laws, and shall be reserved for use as a
bombing range under the administration of
the Department of the Navy until such
withdrawal and reservation is revoked by
order of the Secretary of the Interior with
the concurrence of the Secretary of the
Navy. The remaining acreage of the lands
conveyed to the United States shall become
a part of the lands comprising the substitute
bombing range and shall be administered by
the Department of the Navy.
"(d) The money received by the Secretary
of the Navy in connection with the exchange
authorized by this Act shall be disbursed as
follows: (1) The difference in the fair mar-
ket value between the public domain lands
conveyed by the United States and the lands
designated as public domain lands under
subsection (c), exclusive of any retained pub-
lic domain lands, shall be distributed as a
receipt from the sale of public domain lands;
(2) the difference In the fair market value
between the remaining lands and interests
exchanged shall be covered into the Treas-
ury as a miscellaneous receipt; and (3) the
amount representing the cost to the Depart-
ment of the Navy of providing a complete
substitute facility on the retained lands, if
any, and the State lands so acquired, shall
be covered into the Treasury as a miscel-
laneous receipt.
"(e) The Department of the Navy shall
not be required to relinquish use of any
lands of the Boardman Bombing Range to be
conveyed to the State of Oregon until the
complete substitute facility Is available for
use."
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
question is on agreeing- to the committee
amendment.
The amendment was agreed to.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent to have printed
in the RECORD an explanation of the
measure.
There being no objection, the state-
ment was ordered to be printed in the
RECORD, as follows:
PURPOSE OF THE BILL
The purpose of the bill is to amend section
207 of Public Law 86-500 to allow sufficient
flexibility for the Secretary of the Navy to
exchange only a portion of the lands now
comprising the Boardman Bombing Range
for lands owned by the State of Oregon. The
original provision of the law referred to above
provides for a full exchange of the Boardman
property for the State-owned lands.
EXPLANATION OF THE BILL
A provision was included in the military
construction authorization bill for fiscal year
1961 (Public Law 86--500) authorizing the
Secretary of the Navy to convey to the State
of Oregon the lands, both acquired and pub-
lic domain, comprising the Boardman Bomb-
ing Range in the State of Oregon in exchange
for a conveyance without restriction of lands
owned by the State of Oregon. The State was
to pay the United States the difference, if
any, between the fair market value of the
property conveyed by the Secretary of the
Navy and the fair market value of the lands
acquired in exchange and also the cost to
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 1961 ApprovecC &Wg"Alf/0 1/ ~6RCe fDENATE346R000200170016-9 18715
agreed to all the reductions in our rela- This petition was published in the Fed- ess, drying the flour so produced. in some
tive strength that have occurred. eral Register on September 15, 1961, and cases the flour was to be deodorized by a
Out I do not believe so; and as my appears there on page 8641. I request further process.
colleagues on this floor well know, I have that this statement of the agency and The Food and Drug Administration in-
never believed so. the proposed standards be printed at the formally expressed the opinion that this be an
The starts, stops, vacillations, and de- end of my remarks, Mr. President. 1whole ted aoucl sunder the visionas
s of
lays of the past, however, are just that- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act,
part of the past; and the hope for this objection, it is so ordered. because it was to be made without the re-
Nation lies in the future. (See exhibit 1.) moval of those
Instead of criticism based on the past, Mr. SALTONSTALL. Mr. President, I ing the intestines r ands intestinal contents,
therefore, which many can share, I sug- request, also, that there be printed im- that are not normally regarded as accept-
gest we all join together in offering con- mediately thereafter a letter from Wil- able for human food in the united states.
structive advice to the President, so that liam W. Goodrich, Assistant General Proponents of the product, however, stated
he may have a better chance of accom- that they did not agree with this view and
Counsel of the Food and Drug Division, represented that if consumers generally were
pushing his own primary aim, and that to my office, describing the process which fully informed of the nature of the article
of all free people-peace with honor for the agency is bound to follow in this in- they would regard it as suitable for use in
mankind, stance. their food supply.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The Commissioner of Food and Drugs has
WHOLE FISH FLOUR objection, it is so ordered. received from Mr. Harold Putnam of Wash-
(See exhibit 20.) ington, D.C., acting on behalf of the mnu-
Mr. SALTONSTALL. Mr. President, Mr. SALTONSTALL. I ask my col- tion for thethis
stabl slhment of a stndardetof
I am glad that the Senator from Illinois leagues to note that they and the public identity for "whole fish flour," The com-
[Mr. DOUGLAS] is present in the Chain- are invited to submit comments, and that missioner has concluded that this proposal
ber, because I know he is very much in- these views should be in writing, and should be published in order to afford all
terested in the subject about which I submitted in quintuplicate, addressed to persons interested in this article an op-
wish to speak. the Hearing Clerk, Department of Po y to comment thereon.
An international conference on fish in Health, Education, and Welfare, room The he Proposal submitted is as follows:
nutrition opens in Washington tomor- 5440, 330 Independence Avenue SW., "Sec. 3.75 Fish protein concentrate, whole
row. It comes here under the sponsor- Washington, D.C., prior to November 6, ifish dentittyur; definition and standard of
ship of the Food and Agriculture Organ- 1961.
ization of the United Nations. Its host There is great interest in this product (a) Definition: Fish protein conenntcote,
is the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries whole fish flour, is a food supplement con-
con-
of our Department of the Interior. in the fishing industry, which can feed sisting primarily of a dried and processed
This conference has enormous signifi- all the hungry people in the world with vitaminsprotein and i inorganic naturally mineralss.. so it t s
caThi to the future of the world, bfish that is now going to waste, or is still derived from any species of whole and whole-
canoe increasingly timportant role because c fish in the teeming ocean uncaught, because some fish, handled from catch to packaging
of the cr healthy people. Our ablest there is no practical, approved way to in a sanitary manner. 'Our in hei experts are urging ur own use it. "(b) Standard identity-(1) Protein con-
nutrition experts fish four times as There is also great interest in the food tent: Protein content (N X 6.25), measured
citizens to consume
frequently as they do now. And our for peace program, and we have had the by methods of the Association of Official
population ex,erts advise us that the enlightened cooperation of Mr. McGoV- percent Agricultural Chemists, shall not be less than 70 teeming milliolis
of the near future can ern and Mr. SYMINGTON. There is also (Official Meth weight of the final product ods be fed adequately only with increased great interest in the civil defense agency, edscecs. 2 011, 22.023, Analysis, 2.024; ch. 2, p. 285).
use of products of the sea. where a food so rich in protein and so Biological values of the finished fish protein
High on the list of the important top- stable may be a staff of life in a survival concentrate shall not be less than 105 per-
ics to be discussed at this 8-day confer- program. cent as measured by the official A.O.A.C.
core is whole fish flour. Many members I am confident that if the Food and method for the biological evaluation of
p
ot39 quality (secs. 39.133-39.137, inclusive,
of Congress have been keenly interested Drug Administration is alert as to all oh
in this uniquie product, and others may possibilities it will approve this p 680).
Y "(2) Moisture and ash content: Moisture
have noted the increased attention it has product and this standard. I hope it can and ash contents shall not exceed 6 percent
been receiving in the press in recent do so in something less than the "8 to 10 and 25 percent, respectively, by weight of
weeks. Many top officials of the Fed- months" mentioned in Mr. Goodrich's the final product, measured by A.O.A.C.
eral Government believe now that whole letter. standards (secs. 22.003, 22.010, ch. 22, pp. 283,
fish flour offers an early solution to the The work of this agency will be as- 28"(
problem of world hunger. We have ap-
siste if those Federal (3) Fat content: Fat content shall lu-
propriated, at this session, $50,000, for foodscintsts and those consumers who siv e ch. . 18, , p. 235, Or see. 22.037, ch. 122,1 p.
further research by our Fish and Wild- are interested in this product, will write 287) c
life Laboratory into the manufacture their views to th.:! Food and Drug Ad- "(4) Odor and taste: The final product
and use of this new product. ministration, as they have been invited should have no more than a faint fish odor
Mr. President, I have been working to do under the law. and taste, and when baked in bread in the
with the Senator from Illinois [Mr. Exxi 1 ratio of 1 part
fish protein concentrate bee to
11 par tb of grain flour, there should be no
DOUGLAS], the Senator from Massachu- [From the Federal Register of Sept. 15, 1961] detect ectable fish odor or taste.
setts [Mr. SMITH], and others in the DEPARTMENT OF HFALTI1, EDUCATION, AND "(5) storage stability: Fish protein con-
Senate for the success of fish flour, and WELFARE centrate, after 6 months' storage at tern-
on the House
side with the gentleman peratures prevailing In areas of intended use
from Massachusetts, Representative FOOD AND DRI'c ADMINISTRATION (but not exceeding,ioo? F. (38? C.)), and
,
HASTINGS KEITHand the [21 CM, PT. ail when packed in metal containers or in poly-
from New York Fish: Definitions and standards of identity; ethylene bags, should show no spoilage as
, Representative OTIS
PIKE, in whose districts lie the only sec- standards of fill of container judged by the development of off-flavors,
cessful manufacturing Protein Concentrate, Whole Fish Flour; mold growth, production of toxic amines
g plants in the Notice of Proposal To Establish Definition (mistamine, tyramine), or by deterioration
Western Hemisphere. and Standard of Identity in protein quality as shown by digestibility
We have filed with the Food and Drug A manufacturer a and available lysine values below the spe-
pproachd the Food an a request for that Drug Administration to die uss a process that rifle minimums. " be
agency's approval of a proposed stand- he has developed for manufacturing a fish (6) Bacteriology: The product should free and
and for whole fish flour. I speak today, flour product which could be used as a source of pathogenic anaerobes, ircoin, Sae a a total a, and
Mr. President, not only to welcome this of protein to be marketed at a price that tterial plate count of notl more than 2,000 per
international conference to Washington, would be most attractive when compared gram.
but to call the attention of Congress with the cost of other sources of protein.
and the ll the to the The article was referred to as "whole fish contain no Safety: The
preservatives, or harmd-
petition now flour" and was to be made by taking whole ful solvent residues."
pending with the Food and Drug Admin- fish of varying sizes, grinding them, and, Pursuant'Eo the provisions of the Federal
istration. after removing the fat by a chemical proc- Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (sees. JOl,
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18716
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE September .18
701, 52 Stat. 1046, 1055, as amended, 70 Stat.
919, 72 Stat. 948; 21 U.S.C. 341, 371) and in
accordance with the authority delegated to
the Commissioner of Food and Drugs by the
Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare
(25 F.R. 8625), all interested persons are
invited to submit their views in writing re-
garding the proposal published herein.
Such views and comments should be sub-
mitted in quintuplicate, addressed to the
Hearing Clerk, Department of Health, Edu-
cation, and Welfare, Room 5440, 330 Inde-
pendence Avenue SW., Washington 25, D.C.,
prior to the 60th day following the date
of publication of this notice in the Federal
Register.
Dated September 7,1961.
GEO. P. LARRICN,
Commissioner of Food and Drugs.
EXHU3IT 2
DEPARTMENT OP
HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE,
September 15, 1961.
Mr. HAROLD PUTMAN,
Legislative Assistant to Senator Saitonstall,
U.S. Senate, Committee on Armed Serv-
ices, Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: We acknowledge your letter of
September 8, in which you ask for an ap-
proximate timetable with respect to action
which can be anticipated on the proposed
standard for whole fish flour, which will
appear in the Federal Register tomorrow,
September 15.
The proposal gives interested parties 60
days within which to present their views.
The Commissioner will then publish an
order, acting on the proposal in the light of
the comments received. The order will con-
tain a provision giving any person who will
be adversely affected by the order an oppor-
tunity to object and to request a public
hearing on the objections.
After receipt of any such objections, the
Commissioner will determine whether
grounds for a hearing have been presented.
If there are, he will, as soon as practicable,
publish a notice of hearing, giving at least
80 days' notice.
The hearing will be held and time will be
allowed for filing briefs, proposed findings of
fact, and a proposed order. The Commis-
sioner will act on the evidence submitted
and issue a tentative order. This will be
published in the Federal Register. Excep-
tions to the order may be filed and a final
order will be issued and published. There-
after, there is an opportunity for judicial
review.
We believe that it will be a minimum of 8
to 10 months before the final order of the
Commissioner can be published, depending,
of course, on what comments and objections
are received and, if there is a hearing, on
the extent of the evidence offered.
We are required by section 701(e) of the
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, 21
U.S.O. 371(e), and the Administrative Pro-
cedure Act, to follow the steps indicated.
Please call upon us if you wish any further
explanation.
Very truly yours,
WILLIAM W. GOODRICH,
Assistant General Counsel,
Food and Drug Division.
Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, will
the Senator yield?
Mr. SALTONSTALL. I am happy to
yield.
Mr. DOUGLAS. I am very glad that
the Senator from Massachusetts has
mentioned the question of fish flour.
Fish flour has been developed by a very
able citizen and businessman from the
State of Illinois, Mr. Ezra Levin, who
has been producing fish flour in Monti-
cello, Ill., for several years, 2Cnd who re-
cently has established a plant in New
Bedford, Mass. He finds it possible to
produce a thoroughly pure and sanitary
fish flour with one pound of flour being
derived from approximately 6 pounds of
fish. He is able to produce the flour at
a cost in the United States of approxi-
mately 12 cents a pound. If the fish
taste is removed, the cost is approxi-
mately 14 cents a pound.
Fish flour contains 85 percent protein.
In fact, it is really a protein concentrate.
It keeps indefinitely. It has been pro-
nounced and admited to be completely
pure and sanitary. There is not the
slightest evil effect from it. It is an
ideal food, particularly for the tropics,
where, because of the heat and lack of
refrigeration, it is almost impossible to
keep meat, fish, or milk.
Therefore, it would seem to be an
ideal food for that region as well as other
regions. It can be sprinkled on rice
and vegetables, put in soup, and baked
into bread with wheat flour or cornmeal.
Fish flour can be one of the great addi-
tions to the diet of the world, and more
particularly to the tropical peoples who
suffer from a lack of protein. For fish
abound in the tropics.
The Senator from Massachusetts has
been very tactful in referring to the dif-
ficulties which we have had with the
Food and Drug Administration. I shall
not question the motives of that organi-
zation, but I believe they have been ex-
cessively obstructive in dealing with this
question. They admit that there are no
evil effects from the fish flour and that,
indeed, it is extremely good as a food.
Their objections, curiously enough, are
esthetic objections.
The whole fish is used by Mr. Levin,
including the entrails and the eyes.
However, these organs are treated in such
a way that the flour is completely
healthy, rather than the reverse. The
flour itself is a powder. The Food and
Drug Administration says, however, that
they object to the granting of a certifi-
cate for this type of flour on esthetic
grounds.
Mr. Levin, of course, has offered to
have the labels fully state that the fish
flour is derived from the full fish, so that
there would be no delusion practiced
upon the consumers. I had never
thought that the Food and Drug Admin-
istration was set up to deal with esthet-
ics. I thought it was set up to deal with
public health. Therefore, I hope very
much that when this conference starts
in Washington, it will go thoroughly into
this matter of fish flour and the obstruc-
tive tactics of the Food and Drug Ad-
ministration.
A popular columnist recently wrote a
somewhat satirical article on my efforts
to popularize the use of fish flour. It is
my intention at an early date to invite
my colleagues to lunch, at which they
will be able to taste the fish flour. If
they do so, I am sure they will find it to
be beneficial and attractive.
A MEMORIAL TO FRANKLIN DELANO
ROOSEVELT
Mr. DOUGLAS. Some days ago I
made a brief speech on the floor of the
Senate in which I criticized the design
for the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Me-
morial submitted to the Franklin Dela-
no Roosevelt Memorial Commission, hnd
I expressed the thought that we should
carry out the suggestion of the gentle-
man from Delaware, Representative HAR-
RIS B. MCDowELL, Jr., that we build in-
stead a memorial park, of some 27 acres,
in honor of President Roosevelt, one that
would be a practical and living memorial
benefiting the people not only of this
area, but all the people of the United
States. -
I have since received a letter from my
very close friend, Francis Biddle, who is
the chairman of the Franklin Delano
Roosevelt Memorial Commission, mak-
ing some very interesting points in refu-
tation of my argument. As a matter of
fairness, I am very glad to ask that this
letter be made a part of the RECORD at
this point in my remarks,
There being no objection, the letter
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT
MEMORIAL COMMISSION,
Well/leet, Mass., September 11, 1961,
Hon. PAUL H. DOUGLAS,
Senate O/rce Building,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR SENATOR DOUGLAS: I read with
interest your remarks in a recent CONGRES-
SIONAL RECORD accompanying the introduc-
tion of a bill to create a Franklin Delano
Roosevelt Memorial Park, similar to the bill
that was introduced this spring by HARRIS
McDownaL, In the House. I have this to say:
1. You speak of the winning design in
the competition for the memorial as "use-
less book ends," "monumental mockery,"
and "giant tombstones." You do not men-
tion the very favorable reaction to the win-
ning design of the American Institute of
Architects, Progressive Architecture, of the
Jury which made the award, headed by
Pietro Belluschi, Dean of the School of Ar-
chitecture of the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, and of Jose Luis Sert, Dean of
.the Graduate School of Design at Harvard,
and the article in the Architectural Record.
Have you ever seen the design? I suspect
not. It is now on exhibit in the Office of
the National Capital Planning Commission,
Room 7134 Interior Building. There are
also admirable lantern slides and moving
pictures illustrating the effect of the model
against a background of trees, and the three
great memorials. I feel sure that you would
not want to judge a design without seeing it,
which is a little like criticizing a book with-
out reading it.
2. You say that "a living memorial" is a
more appropriate way of honoring Franklin
Roosevelt than a monument. Whatexactly
do you mean by a "living memorial?" Does
not the Lincoln Memorial make living the
memory of Lincoln more than-to use your
words-"a garden in bloom the year round,"
called after him?
We plan to add a statue of Franklin Roose-
velt to the present design with suitable
inscriptions and the monument will be one
of four memorials dedicated to four great
Presidents, connected by paths, surrounded
by trees, with suitable parking space, form-
ing a great park to be used by the people who
loved Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and the
generations to come.
3. Finally, consider this. Congress unani-
mously directed a competition for a me-
morial to be erected at the point which
you now wish to turn into a garden, under
the direction of the Franklin Delano Roose-
velt Memorial Commission. This has been
done. The Commission has not yet passed
on the winning design, or made any other
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