THE CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP64B00346R000400030011-7
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• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 15, 2004
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE 361
"As a vigilant, experienced American,. who
has real credentials as a Communist fighter-
J. Edgar Hoover-has said, such actions play
into Communist hands and hinder, rather
than aid, the fight against communism."
The Attorney General says that the great-
est problem in the United States is not the
Communist Party here.
"The Communist Party," he says, "is di-
rected and controlled by the Soviet Union.
That has to be a matter of concern, but that
is being studied and watched continuously
by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
"An even greater problem is the espionage
that goes on by representatives of Iron Cur-
tain countries here in the United States.
There's nothing a vigilante group is going
to do about that."
FBI WATCHING SPIES
Kennedy says that the FBI is watching.
the spies from behind the Iron Curtain and
doing a good job of it.
As for Robert Welch of the John Birch
Society, Kennedy says he has claimed to
have found only one Communist-former
President Dwight, D. Eisenhower.
Why has the Communist Party in the
United States lost such an immense part of
its membership?
The FBI gives a number of reasons-the
prosecution of Communist Party members
by the Government under laws passed by
Congress, desertions by party members who
have become disillusioned, effective work by
the FBI, and. other agencies in the field of
internal security, and a purging of those
party members that the Red leaders in this
country felt were not dedicated to the ideol-
ogy of Marx and Lenin.
Although the FBI doesn't list it, the chief
reason for the Communist Party's weakness
in this country is that the climate is not
congenial for Reds. The United States is a
prosperous country, made up of people who
for the most part cherish its freedoms, and
who look upon the harsh, oppressive Com-
munist system as hideous and abhorrent.
DANGER IS STRESSED
The FBI says that the Communist Party
in the United States is dangerous in spite
of the great shrinkage in its membership,
and adds:
"The Communipts operate on Leninist
principles of organization; namely, that the
party must be a small, select, hard-core group
dedicated to violent revolution. The party
through the fanaticism of its members and
strategic placement in key industries and
groups, is able time after time to wield an
influence far out of proportion to its actual
numbers.
"Moreover, in times of emergency, Com-
munist parties have the power of swift
growth when ex-members may be reacti-
vated. The party today consits of hard-core
members with the weaklings, halfhearted
and fainthearted winnowed out.
"Another point might be mentioned: At
times when party membership is small, an
increased emphasis is placed on front groups.
These fronts then become ever more im-
portant to the party as transmission belts
to non-Communists."
Attorney General Kennedy has been saying
in various parts of the country that the
FBI is well able to handle the Communist
threat.
REJECTED BY PEOPLE
"If we think that the great problem in
the United States now is the fact that there
are 10,000 Communists here," he said in
Dallas, "if we think that that's what's going
to destroy this country, we are in very bad
shape."
He said in Columbia, S.C., more recently
that the Communists have no political power
in the United States because "they have been
rejected by the American people." Anyway,
he said, the FBI could handle the Com-
munist Party and also the problem of Com-
munist spies from overseas.
"A vigilante group cannot deal with it,"
Kennedy said. "It takes expertness in the
field of law enforcement. If any individual
or group has information about Communists
they should make that information avail-
able to the FBI.
"That seems to me an adequate way of
dealing with the problem, not running
around with guns and figuring that there
are Communists in every corner. It is just
not true.
"The great problem is strengthening our
country so that we are going to be able
to stand up to the Soviet Union."
Mr. YOUNG of Ohio. Mr. Folliard
cites FBI estimates that membership in
the Communist Party of the United
States has dropped from a peak of 80,000
in 1944 to between 8,000 and 10,000 mem-
bers today. Although the Communist
Party is still dangerous in spite of its
shrinkage, Edward Folliard pointed out
that as it has become smaller and
weaker, the uproar against it by right-
wing lunatic extremists has grown
louder and louder. Communists in the
United States seek to further the cause
of the international Communist con-
spiracy as tools of the Kremlin. In the
huge municipal stadium in Cleveland
watching the Cleveland Browns, or at the
Ohio State stadium in Columbus watch-
ing that great championship team play-
ing a Big Ten opponent, of 80,000 spec-
tators in attendance only 4 might be
Communists. This on the basis of FBI
estimates. Shades of Valley Forge, Get-
tysburg, or the Normandy beachhead.
Do we need self-appointed vigilantes of
the John Birch Society to reinforce our
police departments, FBI, and our Armed
Forces?
I suspect that if the truth were known,
many extremists bemoan the fact that
Communist influence and membership
has declined markedly. These dema-
Bogs of the rightwing fringe are find-
ing it increasingly difficult to cloak their
real ambitions for a Fascist-like totali-
tarian form of government in the United
States.
Radicals of the "right" practice char-
acter assassination without regard for
the truth, threaten merchants with boy-
cotts, and threaten college professors
and school principals with dismissal.
They spread fear, hatred, and suspicion.
They ignore the very real menace of
aggression from Communists in the
Kremlin and from Red China.
These are the tactics required to
undermine a free society and democratic
institutions, In their attempt to spread
:Fascism, a sister ideology of communism,
leading John Birchers are in reality
:Furthering Communist aims. In my
Judgment, the John Birch Society and
others of a like ilk unless fully exposed
might be as serious a threat to our se-
curity and way of life as is internal
communism.
The President has strongly denounced
these extremists. Attorney General Rob-
ert Kennedy has called them a tremen-
dous danger-a tremendous disturbance
to our system of government. J. Edgar
Hoover has stated that their actions play
into Communist hands and hinder,
rather than aid, the fight against com-
munism. Our leaders and the press are
performing a great service in informing
Americans of the dangers inherent in the
activities of these rightwing lunatics.
With the people informed, this totali-
tarianism of the right will be rejected
and our traditional American way of life
will continue to flourish.
Mr. President, we must hold fast to
our heritage as free men and women.
We must renew our confidence in each
other, our tolerances, and our sense of
being good neighbors.
We must repudiate the lunatic fringe
of the right and of the left-those men
of small faith, or none whatever, plotting
to overthrow our free society.
PASSPORT PROCEDURE
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, this
morning there appeared in the Washing-
ton Post an editorial entitled "Passport
Procedure." It is one of the finest, one
of the most able and, in my judgment,
one of the most penetrating analyses of
this problem that I have ever been privi-
leged to read in any newspaper in this
country. As one who for years has tried
to be a student of the Constitution, I
wish to extend to the writer of the edi-
torial on the editorial staff of the Wash-
ington Post, whoever he may be, my very
sincere congratulations. I think the edi-
torial helps to clear the public opinion
atmosphere in regard to this problem.
A great public service has been rendered
by the editorial.
I do not feel that the editorial, in fact,
violates the spirit and the intent of the
policy, custom and rule of the Congress
in regard to insertions in the CONGRES-
SIONAL RECORD of any material that com-
ments critically upon other Members of
Congress. I do not think that my friend
Representative WALTER would disagree
with that observation, although this edi-
torial comments upon his position on an
issue which is contrary; to my position on
the issue. Therefore, subject to the ad-
vice of the Parliamentarian, which I
have not had time to seek, I ask unani-
mous consent that the portion of the
editorial be printed in the RECORD which
makes no reference to any other Member
of Congress. But if it would be within
the rules to have printed in the RECORD
the entire editorial, I would like to have
it all in, because I think in its entirety
it will be very much more helpful to the
reader.
There being no objection, the editorial
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
PASSPORT PROCEDURE
"The right to travel is a part of the liberty
of ' which the citizen cannot be deprived
without due process of law under the fifth
amendment." So said the Supreme Court
of the United States when it decided the
Kent case in 1958. In deference to the Su-
preme Court, the Department of State a few
days ago issued new passport regulations
providing a due process hearing and appeal
for anyone to whom a passport may be de-
nied. For this deference to judicial author-
ity, Representative FRANCIS WALTER accused
the Department of violating law and con-
temptuously disregarding Congress.
The Department's new passport regula-
tions provide that in the hearing and appeal
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362 `-` CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD--SENATE
available lien a passport is denied, the
applicant shall be accorded the right to ap-
pear, to be represented by counsel, to present
evidence, to be informed of the evidence
against him and the source of such evi-
dence, and to' confront and cross-examine
adverse witnesses. These are the essential
elements of due process. Rooted in expe-
rience, they afford indispensable means to-
ward the rendering of fair and reasonable
judgments.
Mr. WALTER wants the Department of State
to abandon these procedures. He wants the
Department to deny passports to citizens of
the United States on the mere say-so of
anonymous informers, without allowing the
applicant to confront the informers and
cross-examine them, without allowing even
the officials of the Department to know the
identity of the informers. Apart from the
fact that the Supreme Court has expressly
declared that such procedure is forbidden
by the Constitution, it is forbidden by corn-
monsense as well. For decisions based on
such evidence are not judgments at all;
they are nothing more than capricious and
arbitrary guesses.
No one can question Mr. WALTER'S zeal to
protect American security. But what kind
of America will he have made secure if its
citizens can be denied constitutional rights
and deprived of liberty by the mere whim
of administrative officers? We congratulate
the Department of State for restoring fair-
ness to its passport procedures. "For," as
Judge Charles Fahy put it recently in an
essay on "The Right To Travel," "liberty is
precious and one may be deprived of it only
by methods which are fair and for reasons
which are sound and rest on the common
good, on a good so great as to outweigh in
some circumstances the great good of indi-
vidual liberty."
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I was so
moved by the editorial that I saw fit to
send a letter to the Attorney General
of the United States this morning on the
subject of passports because, as Sena-
tors know, for years I have taken a very
definite position in the Senate in regard
to the constitutional questions that have
been involved in the passport contro-
versy. I wrote to the Attorney General
as follows:
Hon. ROBERT KENNEDY,
Attorney General.
DEAR MR. KENNEDY: This letter is to advise
you of my gratification with the regulations
you worked out with the Department of
State to govern the issuance of passports t
persons believed to be Communists. In m
opinion, it is long past time for the execu-
tive and legislative branches of the Federal
Government to observe the provisions of the
Constitution which too often are left to the
courts alone to protect.
I know from my own experience that this
area of domestic security against the Com-
munist conspiracy is one of the most mis-
understood issues of the cold war. As you
know, after the U.S. Supreme Court ruled
that the State Department could not with-
hold passports in the absence of legislative
authority to do so, the previous administra-
tion tried to get Congress to pass such legis-
lation. Unfortunately, it also sought con-
gressional sanction of the use of star-cham-
ber methods in determining whether a pass-
port should be withheld.
The use of secret information available
only to the official making the decision and
denied to the individual who is exercising a
given right is nothing but a police-state pro-
cedure. Whether the practice is used in con-
nection with passports or any other official
matter, it is the earmark of totalitarianism.
It certainly is one of the principal abuses of
Executive power from which our constitu-
tional forefathers tried to save the American
people.
The right to know the identity of an ac-
cuser, to know the nature of the accusation,
and the right to offer rebuttal are basic to
due process of law. It is always astonishing
to me that some people would destroy these
Constitution guarantees of due -process of
law in the name of defending the Constitu-
tion.
It was for this reason that I opposed this
legislation in 1958 and again in 1959. I
especially objected to the attempt to rush
a bill through the Congress in the closing
days of the 85th Congress, with only a few
days of hearings. I therefore objected to
the holding of hearings while the -Senate
was in session, and as a result, no final ac-
tion was taken. It was rather shocking to
me that-when members of the Foreign Rela-
tions Committee proposed legislation au-
thorizing the withholding of passports with
proper procedural rtfeguards, the Depart-
ment of State declared: "Moreover, the De-
partment must oppose any provision which
might require the Secretary to make his
determination on a particular passport ap-
plication only on the basis of information
and sources thereof which could be disclosed
in. open court."
Obviously, to make the determination on
any other basis is repugnant to the terms
and to the principles of our Constitution.
I am pleased that you have now made this
perfectly clear. I am also pleased that this
battle I waged against police-state methods
has been vindicated, and I am so informing
Mr. Roger Jones, the Deputy Under Secretary
of State for Administration, as well as your-
self.
With kindest regards,
Sincerely,
WAYNE MORSE.
Mr. President, this announced policy
of the administration represents a very
important contribution to constitutional
guarantees on the part of this adminis-
tration. It is a reaffirmation, with no
question of doubt, with no equivocation,
that these precious constitutional rights
of due process will be respected by this
administration. I -congratulate the
President of the United States that un-
der his administration this very clear
and unequivocal position in regard to the
passport issue has been announced.
THE CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE -
AGENCY
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I am one
who is very much -disturbed and con-
cerned about the discussions which have
been carried on in the press with respect
to the nomination of Mr. McCone as Di-
rector of the CIA. I have reached no
final determination as to my own posi-
tion on that nomination, because all the
facts are not in. Before I make my final
decision, I shall await the hearings before
the committee, the report of the com-
mittee, and my own analysis of the rec-
ord as it is finally presented to me as a
Member of the Senate.
I do most respectfully say, however, in
view of the information which has al-
ready been publicized, that the burden of
proof is on the administration to justify
this nomination. Every shadow of doubt
as to the qualification of this nominee
ought to be removed.
Mr. President, we are dealing here with
an operation of an agency which also
gives megreat concern as a constitution-
January 18
alist. We are dealing here with an
agency in which the people do not have
very effective checks as of now. We are
dealing here with an agency whose op-
erations are conducted in complete se-
crecy, even so far as the elected repre-
sentatives of a free people in the Con-
gress of the United States are concerned.
I hold to the point of view that in our
Republic the adoption of procedures of
complete secrecy are difficult to justify
under our constitutional system. I have
never been one who holds to the point of
view that the CIA should be allowed to
operate as it now operates, in complete
secrecy with respect to the attaining of
knowledge of its actions by the -elected
representatives of a free people in the
parliamentary body in our form of gov-
ernment, which is the Congress of the
United States. Why do I say that? I
say it as a constitutionalist. I find great
difficulty reconciling the granting of such
power to the CIA with that basic safe-
guard of freedom guaranteed to our peo-
ple by the Constitution known as the
check and balance system.
Where is the check on the CIA? Mr.
President, do not tell me that the check
is to be found in the office of the Presi-
dency of the United States. I speak
quite impersonally. It makes no differ-
ence to me who occupies the -Presidency
of the United States when we deal with
a question of constitutional power and
constitutional guarantees. I say, as I
have said before, it is not safe for free-
dom to grant any agency of government,
no matter how much it is attempted to
cloak it under the name of security, the
unchecked power now vested in the CIA.
Therefore, when the nomination for
Director of CIA comes to the floor of the
Senate, as long as that unchecked power
remains vested in the CIA, it is in-
cumbent upon us to see that the greatest
care be exercised by us.under the advise
and consent clause of the Constitution in
respect to that nomination. Unlessevery
shadow of doubt is removed from this
nominee as to his qualification, the
senior Senator from Oregon will not
possibly be able to vote for the-confirma-
tion of the nomination.
More than that,. I believe that when
the nomination is under consideration
may be a fitting time to raise this whole
question of unchecked CIA power on this
side of the aisle. Much has been heard
on this side of the aisle in recent years,
when a representative of the party of the
opposition occupied the White House, in
respect to the CIA. As far as I am con-
cerned, these issues are always two-way
streets. Therefore, it is incumbent upon
the Democratic side of the aisle in the
Senate in this session of Congress to take
a long, hard look at the question as to
whether we are going to continue to per-
mit the CIA to function with unchecked
power, so far as the legislative branch
of the Government is concerned, which
is irreconcilable, in my opinion, with the
very precious constitutional guarantee
of checksand balances.
Mr. President, do not tell me that it
is not safe to permit the elected par-
liamentary officials of a free people to
take a look at the activities of the CIA,
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1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 363
but that itperfectly safe to allow a deal with the whole question of es- So I raise my voice today with this
,considerable number of unelected peo-- pionage. They deal with the whole warning, because a full discussion of
ple, who never had to meet the challenge question of spy activity. This is neces- the facts of the problem should not be
of a free ballot box in this Republic-- sary. I have joined in voting millions avoided in the consideration of the
not only on the staff of the CIA, but of dollars for such activities of the CIA McCone nomination.
down in the Pentagon and in the State and shall continue to do so in the inter- I close by saying that I shall make my
Department and at the White House est of security. However, I only insist final decision on the McCone nomination
staff level-to have knowledge as to the upon the exercise of the constitutional when the whole record is in. But my
operations of the CIA. It is difficult to right of Congress to check upon the work administration has the burden of proof
justify permitting appointed staff mem- of that agency, which deals with es- on that record, because from the objec-
bers of the executive branch to have pionage and spy activities. Apparently tions and such documentation as I have
access to CIA information and then say we have come to the pass where today it already read, the administration cannot
that the elected representatives of a free is necessary to have legislation for that escape that burden of proof. We have
people must not have access to the activ- purpose. That was not true in the early been reading in recent days allegations,
ities, the maneuverings and, yes, some- history of the Republic. What is needed supported by documentation, which
times, as I am satisfied, and as we al- is to review the relationship between has been offered us for our consideration,
ready know and the record shows, ma- Congress and' the executive in the early but which, I hasten to add, should be
nipulations in the field of foreign policy history of the Government. Would we subjected to the most thorough cross
by CIA. have told Webster or Calhoun, or any of examination and analysis, in the form
With the issue of war and peace so the other great forefathers who trod the of a series of columns written by Drew
nip and tuck in our time, it is all the carpet of this great parliamentary Pearson. I have referred to Drew Pear-
more important that we see to it that Chamber, that it was necessary to have son on other occasions, even when he has
the check and balance policy of our legislation to enable the legislative dipped his pen in my blood, as_ well as
Constitution be carried out in full. branch of the Government to find out that of other Senators, to be un-
Therefore. the senior Senator from what the executive branch of the Gov- doubtedly the most able and effective
Oregon will continue to support, may I ernment was doing in some cloak-and- muckraker of our time. But let us also
say to my Democratic colleagues-and I dagger operation somewhere in the recognize that the muckrakers through-
hope there will be sufficient Republican world which might very well involve the out our history have performed a great
support-the passage of legislation in suffering and the lives of tens upon tens public service to the American people.
this session of Congress which places a of thousands of American boys? What They are needed. Sometimes I think
congressional check on the CIA, would Jefferson have said about such an their breed should multiply. Be that as
The time to consider it is now, when unchecked power at the time of his it may, I think the columns of Drew
we have before the Senate of the United Presidency? All of these forefathers Pearson concerning McCone certainly
States the question of the confirmation and many more would have thrown up place upon the administration the bur-
of the nomination of the head of. the their hands in horror at the suggestion den of proof of answering them, because
CIA. that this was not an inherent right of we are hearing from home about them.
What are we afraid of? Freedom? Congress, ingrained in our constitutional. What do we read in the letters which
What are we afraid of? The constitu- system. As a matter of right, Congress come in, as they are coming in to me?
-tional principles of the organic law of should know what the CIA is doing, has "Is this true? Is that true? Is this true
this land, which become meaningless if done, and contemplates doing in con- about this nominee as I read today or
we sacrifice the check and balance sys- nection with its operations in any for- yesterday or the day before yesterday,
tem? - eign land. in a Pearson column?"
I am for as much check on the con- I am one who believes that in this I understand that as of January 17,
gressional branch of the Government year of 1962 we may very well deter- 1962, Mr. Pearson wrote a column on the
as I am for a check on the executive mine the whole future, if there is to be - McCone, nomination which was rather
branch. However, here in respect to the one, of the history of the United States. heavily edited by clipping shears by
CIA we have an unchecked executive I say most respectfully to my Presi- many newspapers. By that I mean that
power that ought to be brought to an end, dent-and I use the word in its proper his article was not printed in full. I
We need to keep in mind that foreign sense-I truly love him for his great shall offer that column for printing in
policy is not the property of the Presi- statesmanship and leadership. How- full at this time.
dent. The foreign policy of the United ever, I say to my President, from the Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
States is the property of the American floor of the Senate today, that the great- sent to have the entire column written
people-all of them. All the President est defense weapon which the American by Drew Pearson, and published by the
is, as I have said many times before, is people have is the Constitution of the Bell Syndicate on January 17, 1962,
the administrator of the people's foreign United States, with all the guarantees of printed at this point in the RECORD.
policy. I am concerned about being con- procedural rights specifically spelled out There being no objection, the column
fronted with after-the-fact situations- and clearly inherent in it, and unanswer- was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
after the CIA has created problems, as ably implied, as well. With the utmost as follows:
it has in the past-in certain foreign respect for the President of the United JOHN MCCONE DID NOT SELL His STOCK WHEN
lands, which, in my judgment, have States, I raise the question: Why con- HE BECAME AEC CHAIRMAN-HIS SHIPPING
caused embarrassment to the United tinue, under your administration, this LINES DID PROFITABLE BUSINESS WITH AEC
States. I speak as the chairman of the unchecked, unreviewable policy of the CONTRACTORS-THE LAw DOES NOT PERMIT
Subcommittee on Latin American Af- CIA in the field of foreign policy? It ANY CHOICE ON CONFLICT OF INTEREST
fairs. It is well known by members of is such unchecked power that can cause (By Drew Pearson)
my subcommittee that I am not too a war. Once the war situation is created WASHINGTON.-In June 1958, John A. Mc-
happy about some of the manipulations and the incident has occurred, even Cone, the new would-be Central Intelligence
by the CIA in Latin America in times though it might constitute a second Chief, wrote a letter to Sherman Adams, later
gone by. I think the policies of the CIA "sinking of the Maine," there is no ques- kicked out of Government fora conflict of in-terest, to
McCone,
might ought to be changed. What is wrong tion as to what the action of Congress a conflict seo of whether interest he, new Chairm airm have
with that? What are we afraid of? has to be. the tomic Energy Co m new Can of
Do not tell me, Mr. President, that to We are in a situation in which we g or Ignoring the fact that the Goldfine charges
preserve freedom, we must adopt the shall probably never again see Congress against Adams had not made him the best
police state methods of communism or pass a declaration of war prior to the man to act as judge, McCone listed the Utah
fascism. I renounce that theory. How- beginning of war. I think the probabil- Construction Co., Kaiser Engineers, Dow
ever, I see no escape from the premise ities are much greater that war will have Chemical, Union Carbide as doing large busi-
that if we continue to tolerate the un- started and that Congress, after the fact, ness with the Atomic Energy Commission,
checked power of the CIA, we are adopt- will declare war. That is why this Sen- ow simultaneously dshippingi co wni his
ing a police state procedure. ator is so.much concerned about the un- ?n privately owned shipng companes.
Let the record be clear as to what the checked exercised sser ao d Ut two or those cowednthe
operations of the CIA, in part, are. They any other agency ofGovernment. pattern of business
or Kaiser and sConstruction, has p links McCone has kept
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364 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE ?nuary 1
with his old associates and war profiteers. McCone said he had done "A great deal of [From the New York Times. 17, 19621
McCone was president and a partner with soul-searching" and had concluded he could How To SAVE KENNEDY FROM CONGRESS
Henry Kaiser and associates in running the handle the AEC Chairmanship without any (By James Reston)
Ken-
California Shipbuilding Co. during the war favoritism. However, the AEC law does not WASIiINGTON, January Reston)
when they rolled an investment of $100,000 permit a man to search his soul and make nedy has started the new year by empha-
into an overall profit of $44 million. the decision. The law makes the decision sizing the importance of improving the edu-
Later, when he.was Under Secretary of the for h:im. It gives no alternatives other than the American people, but it is the
Air Force, McCone gave his old partner a get out of any conflict with private business cation theme of of this epistle that he won't get very
women t the country won't come to
quickie Flying Boxcar contract at three times interests. thr ofs this
the cost the Air Force was paying Fairchild. "No member of the commission," it reads, far rescue.
Incidentally, Senate hearings conducted by "shall engage in any business, vocation, or tamp out
the late Senator Styles Bridges, of New employment other than that of serving as a What President wants ts is Is t to stamp
the Con-
sidiaries showed that Kaiser and his sub- member of the commission." illiteracy the e P P athe (beginning and get through a pro-
ernment got a total of $219,011,919 in Gov- The law was passed not to be rationalized gress Federal afor public school pro-
ernment RFC loans; received $6,568 million after soul-searching, but to make sure that gram and
ruction, Federal aid i salaries, a h cocon-
in Government contracts, and got approxi- men like McCone did not serve on this pow- and cteachers' w,th special eme
mately half a billion dollars in quickie tax erful commission with the power to make buildings
on the hrsolarsh of scientists, ee_gi-
writeoffs. tremendous profits for certain companies, phasis son technicians.
BIG AEC CONTRACTORS unless they gave up their stock in the com-
Kaiser has also been one of the biggest panies which benefited. This McCone did It is a demonstrable fact that we cannot
contractors with the Atomic Energy Com- not do, and in an early column, one signift- control the scientists, engineers and techni-e need mission including the period when Kaiser's cant result affecting McCone's private ship- mots we alreadyshavechers, therefordiplomats and
old partner, John McCone, was AEC Chair- ping line will be reported, nonatomic statesmen, but let that go for the
man. Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I Say to minute. The point is that the President is
The company which operates under the my administration: Take a look at it. ringing the school bell again, and needs help.
all-inclusive name of Utah Construction
bi 1 to get aid the col]egese is in
Co. is also also part-owned by Kaiser and actually I want to know what the answers to ticians. He not His likely
is a big seller of uranium to the AEC through it are. If those charges cannot be sup- retry good shape bill but his general bits in
its subsidiary, Lucky Mc Uranium Corp. ported with facts, I want to know it. If p, to
the public schools is hopelessly lost in
Union Carbide is one of the biggest con- the charges can be supported with facts, a p e of political ands opele sly lost in
tractors with the Atomic Energy Commis- I do not see how I could possibly vote sies. Somehow the present angry dialog
lion. It not only sells uranium to the AEC, in favor of Confirmation of the nomina- has to be changed. Somebody has to find
but operates AEC Plants at Oak Ridge,
Tenn., and boil.. a new way to get around old men and old
Mr. President, I have taken the time problems, and since women have been doing
Paducah, Both Union bide and the Kaiser r interests benefiteed from Car-
the AEC's decision not to buy uranium from to discuss the nomination in the entire precisely that for several thousand years,
"underdeveloped countries." This obviously framework of CIA power because I do why not pass the problem to them?
played into the hands of established Ameri- not believe the two can be separated. THE MUFFLED FACTS
can companies such as Union Carbide and I ask my administration to take another factThe s have been ohs bred in a torrenthf the
Kaiser. - look at the question of whether this
Yet McCone, before he became Chairman tional arguments over Federal aid leading
is the time for Congress to pass legis- to Federal control of the classrooms; over
s n the AEC in line, admitted that
Joshua his per- Hendy lation setting up what frequently has the constitutionality of giving Federal funds
handled hdd "intercoastal owned shipping hip and coastwise trans-, been described as a congressional watch- to parochial schools; over racial integration
portation of chemicals, transports products do.' committee, with authority to find in the public schools, and over State and
for Union Carbide, Dow Chemical, Stand- out, in behalf of the American people- local rights.
and Oil of New Jersey, Standard Oil of which I believe is a constitutional ob- These, are the things that have dominated
California, and others." ligation of the Congress-the facts about the news of the education debate for years.
"I have some business relationships with the CIA operations the world around. By the time the story of the President's
Kaiser," he also testified, "inasmuch as a education bills gets out over the news wires
jointly owned company, 25 percent of which into most local communities it is usually a
is owned by Hendy and 50 percent by Kaiser UNITED STATES IN A CHANGING -report of conflict between Republican versus
Aluminum, has a long-range contract to TRADE; RIGHTWING Democrat, North versus South, public versus
transport Kaiser's bauxite: ". WORLD OF parochial schools, Federal versus State or
"Would your firm continue to deal with RETREAT FROM FREEDOM local control. There- are exceptions, but this
these firms in the atomic energy field, such as Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I shall is the shorthand of it.
Union Carbide?" asked senator CLINT ANDER- ask unanimous consent to have printed The question is whether there is a way
so"Y as, I New would Mexico.exutut they would con- in the body of the RECORD, as part of to get the whole problem of modern educa-
tinue," replied the future AEC Chairman. my remarks, two very interesting leaflets tion discussed calmly in all the communities
of the country, large and smart; not only the
"Union Carbide is a large customer of issued by what I consider to be a very emotional, religious, racial, regional, political,
Hendy's" ANDERSON reminded him. effective lay educational organization in and constitutional issues, all of which are
"Yes, they are," McCone agreed. the country, one which is on a footing, important, but the facts as well.
ADAMS GIVES HIS OK in my judgment, with another great The growth of the population is a fact.
However, he insisted that placing the stock lay organization, the League of Women The shortage of classrooms and teachers is
of his shipping companies in trust with the Voters, which is also a great study a fact. The replacement of unskilled labor
Bank of California, in which he is also a group. The National Council of Jewish by automatic machinery is a fact. The
stockholder, cleared him of any conflict of Women is another of the great lay ed- movement of kids from poorly educated
interest. This left him, however, with the communities into the competition of highly
profits which would accrue from the con- ucational organizations, and -I believe educated urban communities is a fact.
tracts his shipping companies made from it carries out rather well the observe- Finally, the educational need of the Nation
Union carbide, Kaiser, and the other firms tions, published yesterday in the New in the cold war-is a very solemn fact.
which did business with the ABC of which York Times, in an article written by From the days of the frontier in this
he was -Chairman. In other words, while James Reston, in connection with the country, the women have been civilizing
he was AEC Chairman, his shipping com- duty of the women of America to pro- their men and educating their kids (when
panies would benefit from business with AEC - teed immediately to take a careful look they could catch them). In the little town,
contractors. at some of the great public issues which it is the women who have organized and at-
On the basis of this, Sherman Adams, that confront the Congress, and to be heard tended the monthly book clubs and tried to
great a judge of conflict of and the Se n ate, , diverted , OK'd tby from, as is not only their right, but cultivate the baboons they married and
arranment; and the Senate, by bring a little gentility into the house. In
the Sherman Adams-Goldflne headlines, es, also also, I believe, is their duty. the larger cities in more recent years, it is
OK'd it and confirmed McCone as AEC So I ask unanimous consent that if the the women again who have run the world
Chairman. . article written by James Reston has not affairs councils and brought the poets and
However, now that McCone is coming up already been ordered printed in the lecturers to the community.
for another, even more important,-post, head RECORD, it be ordered printed at this HOW TO DO IT
of Central Intelligence, the Senate might point in the RECORD. - The educated women who are bored with
take time to review the record and study There being no objection, the article the old man's lockerroom, barroom, and
the law. are the 'the conflict-of-interest law gives no was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, natu al riesource in this couri~try trod t y unused
choice either to McCone or to the Senate. as follows:
Approved For Release 2004/05/05 : CIA-RDP64B00346R000400030011-7