VIETNAM MUST CHANGE OR FORFEIT AID

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP65B00383R000200170013-0
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 24, 2003
• Sequence Number: 13
• Publication Date: October 8, 1963
• Content Type: OPEN

Approved For Release 2003/10/10 CIA-R?P65p00383R0002001 70013-0
1963 _
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD --SENATE 18061
.>_
if 115 justices have permitted the Brown case in the Civil Rights Act of 1963 and am doing nizations who are devoting their time
to stand-as is affirmed by the Attorney Gen- so at the present time, The others men- and energy in alerting the entire country
erel-doubtless 6-0-` udges _ had reaffirmed tioned have opposed the Attorney. General.
to the dream of the National Cultural
' _
Plessy versus Ferguson. and'Gong"Lnm versus Hence we must be intimidated or defamed. Center and the need for contributions
Rice. Yet When the Solicitor General of the Why is this legislation so important to make this dream a reality. I ask
United States joined m a brief'tohave these the Attorney General? It would grant un-
ease s overruled, he. was not -accused by the limited powers to the Attorney General and unanimous consent to have printed fol-
Attorney General of the `United States-or the President and his appointees to with- lowing my remarks in the RECORD a
any other lawyer, sofar as I know-of being hold Federal funds in every program or ac- speech by Edgar M. Bronfman, Chair-
guilty of bad faith, of being professionally tivity in which Federal financing is involved man of the Seat Endowment Committee
irresponsible and of victimizing or exploiting directly or indirectly by way of grant, con- of the National Cultural Center, before
tract, loan, insurance, guaranty, or other-
his client. the American Legion National Conven-
e a s . wise
Miami Raarh -Fla. on September
-
of d sit-ins by Negroes today is the lack of
remedy in the courts -Yet he argues that
Negroeswill ultimately prevail in the courts
because the Brown decision covers all of
their grievances.
On, the, other, hand he does not mention
that those who o ise many W the aims of
l(egro leaders have refrained from marches
aiid demoifstratlonsand have put their faith
in the courts, 'boding that,' in the long run,
justice for all will ,prevail: The Attorney
i"aeneral slanders them for so doing. To use
the streets`in maSB'd'emonstratfons which, in
the words" ',6f `~resldent Kennedy, "create
tensions, and threaten violence'And threat-
en lives" is laudable To settle disputes in
the courts' is to be`condeinned.
A new type of government is emerging
upon' the American scene="government by
intimidation is now about to take the place
of "due process of law" and ."liberty under
the law."
The first step in the pattern is to intimi
date all those wlio_ ppose the desires of the'
federal executive-branch of our Government.-
This Intimidationis carried out `by public
castigation , , threats of financial reprisals
against public bodies and-individuals, and
power of the Federal ex-
the misuse of the
tltive branch to command the attention
of tie public press..
The second step is to extend Federal con-
trol over individuals, busin esses, and State
._.:
a,'1151 local governnieiits far beyond that pro-
vided in 'the Constitution of the United
States. This was begun by the issuance-of
Executives orders ir- certain particular fields.
A liti1iless expansion of such Executive au-
thority is now being attempted by the new
package of legislation introduced in the Con-
gress in June and called, for tactical and
public relations purposes, "The Civil Rights
Act of 1$63.';
The third step` will be `the use of the vast
$nancial `power of the United States "to
strangle evert' _pub'lic body, every business, research grants, lunch programs, scholar-
'profess establishment, and every ships, and similar activities. Also, it would
lndivduai_ daring to act-contrary to the constitute the first step toward. placing all
Wishes of Attorney bener'af K ennedy and the
,, elections-"general, special or primary elec-
t lir'eat of the imposition of Federal fines and tions held solely or in part for the purpose
imprisonment without trial by jury. of electing or selecting any candidate for
The initial use of the first step in the public office"-under the absolute control of
-pattern was in April 1192, when a steel= the Federal Government.
price increase was `Anno'Ylnced. The citizens
who made the price decisions were accused
by the Pre'sident through nationwide media
of being guilty of-a'wholly unjustified and
irresponsible defiance of public interest.
Be: castigated them as a tiny handful of steel
executives whose .pursuit -of private power
and profit exceeds their sense of public re-
sponsibility who can show such utter con-
tempt fore the i`n'terest of 185 minion Ameri-
can$. It_ was ' hblicly_ ___-announced that
defense contracts might be withheld and
that the'lFederaI Goverrirrient might use its
investigative powers to bring about prosecu-
"tions for violations of antitrust laws.
Intimidation as'a governmental policy has
Peen repeatedly used since that time. The
K
=
'
o
an
rney General ennedy at
)speech of
Att
sas City Is a perfect illustration. ' I have made possible by private contributions. For instance, whereas many of the world's
w-
een aStattes the g?alsp-fort hFederal power those public spilitedlcitiizensl andtorga- halls in their capitals whichaserveass sa ohow-
United
rile a lb -y .a
10, 1963, and a resolution passea oy tine
tracts in every program shall contain such
conditions as the President may prescribe; American Legion in support of the Na-
that there be created a commission-with tional Cultural Center.
powers conferred upon it by the President- There being no objection, the speech
to take over the supervision of employment, and resolution were Ordered to be printed
promotion, demotion, and .handling of em- in the RECORD, as follows:
ployees of more than 90 percent of the busi- CULTURE AND THE STRUGGLE FOR MEN'S MINDS,
nesses in the United States, BY EDGAR M. BRONFMAN, MEMBER OF BOARD
PURPOSE OF LEGISLATION: DISGUISED OF TRUSTEES OF THE NATIONAL CULTURAL
the purpose of this legislation has been CENTER BEFORE THE AMERICAN LEGION NA-
accommodations and Government contrac-
tors. These constitute less than 1 percent
of the businesses affected. In fact, it would
affect every bank which is a member of the
Federal Reserve System or insured by the
FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corpora-,
tion), every form of financing affected by
Federal insurance or guaranty, all depositors
in every bank covered by the FDIC, and all
borrowers therefrom. It would draw under
Federal executive control almost every farm-
er in the United States, as it includes every
person who receives any, sort of financial
benefit from every Federal program in the
field 'of agriculture. It would also draw un-
der Federal control practically every retail
shop, department store, market, drugstore,
gasoline station, restaurant, motion picture
house, theater, stadium, hotel, motel and
lodging house and in fact every establish-
ment which pays any privilege license or tax
to any State or municipality.
It includes uncontrolled authority to call
loans, withdraw support of the FDIC and
the Federal Reserve Board, and other similar
entities, to cancel contracts, to blacklist
banks, savings and loan associations, con-
-tractors, realtors, farmers, cooperatives, farm
organizations, or any other institution or
person falling within its classification.
HOW ELECTIONS COULD BE CONTROLLED
Under this proposed act, the Federal Gov-
ernment would obtain control of education
through the misuse of every existing Federal
Cardinal Spellman, Governor Bryant and
other distinguished guests and delegates to
the convention, Mr. Commander, may I first
express my gratitude to you and to the offi-
cers and members of the American Legion on
behalf of the trustees of the National Cul-
tural Center for the opportunity to appear
before you to enlist your support for this
great national project.
In this area of continued international
tension and crisis between the forces of com-
munism and of freedom, we all must ad-
dress ourselves to the important responsi-
bility that rests heavily on the shoulders of
all Americans. For, as we go, so goes the free
world.
This era of tension and crisis has been
called the cold war. Actually, this is an
oversimplification. It is really many cold
wars-military, economic, social, political,
and cultural.
While we are busy concentrating on the
first four cold wars, and rightly so, we are in
grave danger of losing the last-the cultural
cold war.
An indication of its importance is revealed
in the hearings going on this very week in
Washington before a House Foreign Affairs
Subcommittee studying Ways of winning the
cultural cold war.
Now, at first glance, it is hard to see music,
ballet, opera, and drama as effective weapons
in the battle between the operating ideolo-
gies of communism and the free world.
Let me assure you that these are weapons,
and mighty potent ones. The Soviets and
their satellites are using them for all their
worth.
We are familiar with the tremendous re-
ceptions that the Bolshoi Ballet and other
Soviet performing artists have received
throughout the world. Why do they put so
much effort behind culture? The answer
rather
is the understood only by inter)
NATIONAL CULTURAL CENTER national oal language. nIt Culture
ns is all
Mr. KEATING. Mr. President, one of people, everywhere.
the most exciting ventures now going on In the battle for men's minds, now going
in this country is the effort of the Ameri- on, this international language plays a vital
can people to raise $30 million for the role. As an ewample, just consider the
construction of the National Cultural statement that Prime Minister Nehru of
India once made to Martha Graham, leading
Center. We all look forward to the day American dancer. He said to Miss Graham,
when our Nation's Capital will have fa- "Your dancing and artistry will do more
cilities for the presentation of perform- than all the planes and dollars in gaining
err from this country and abroad. On understanding of the United States in
that day, all Americans will rejoice -in' India."
their cultural showcase and take pride While American artists have gone abroad
in the fact that the construction was and made a creditable showing on behalf of
o?_ ,,
t?? the
e still is ?,uch +? be done
ous
r
 Approved For Release 2003/10/10 : CIA-RDP65B00383R000200170013-0
18062
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE October 8
Washington. for the performing arts, our Capital, Lion to uphold freedom and the total dignity Can only be described as an oppressive show how seriously the D.C., has nothing comparabwar, le. of man. take this Afth dimension of the cold ist Center swilhow you l have BAN can Seats.Ceach to be en- Madam dictatorship
Nhu herself Is quoted in a re-
even -
taIn economically hovered Poland re- dowed by a gut of $1,000. On the back of cent Saturday Evening post article-
cently, a $40 million cultural center was each seat, the donor's name win be em- placed in the RECORD by the senior Sena-
proudly unveiled. blazoned forever. Can you imagine an entire tor from Idaho [Mr. Csuacsz] on Septem-
It was in such a showcase in Moscow that area of American Legion post seats as a sym- ber 26-as having said:
a talented Texan, Van Cliburn, was first bol of their dedication to winning the All the Buddhists have done for this coun-
' discovered. I'm sure that every American struggle for men's minds?
was very proud of his feat. But, didn't we Your contributions would be further ex-
try an wince a bit at the thought that he had to pression of the American people's determina- And she has advocated beating the
go so far from his native land for recognition tion to win the cold war on every single front Buddhists "10 times more."
as an artist; that the Soviet Union. In par- where it is joined. As "strong man" of the regime, Ma-
ticular, discovered this tlean talented d young When the Communists opened wtheeec lttral dam Nhu's husband has recently, since
artie n musician. hi
rs must abroad for such ye American cold war, they tho tha go cognition. to our weakness. You and I know this ilay s not g the start of the Buddhist protests,
Also, the lack of proper facilities in our true. It is up to all of us here and through- brought the "Special Forces" battalions
Capital has created an erroneous and dam- out the country to help meet this challenge In Saigon up to some 1,200 men. Their
aging impression of this country and the fine by supporting with all our hearts the Na- Commander, with personal loyalty to
values for which it stands. When our Na- tional Cultural Center. Nhu, is a former counterespionage chief.
u g
tion's seat of government was being planned, His units include "two
George Washington dreamed of it as a cul- NATIONAL CIILT clothes, e groups n dressed in
ON
rural as well sis a political center of our WASHINGTON, D.C.
C civilian clothes, armed with knivves, pis-
growing Nation, this, and grenades for street fighting,"
But, It wasn't until 1958, when President Whereas the Congress of the United States according to Stanley Karnow, author of
Eisenhower signed the act establishing a has recognized the need for a National Cul- tie Post article.
National Cultural Center that this dream tural Center; and These are onl
began to become reality. In Signing the act, Whereas by act of Congress, our Govern- y a part of the 7,000
President Eisenhower eloquently expressed ment agreed to provide a suitable site for troops stationed In or near the capital,
his ~h,,o,,pe of one day seeing an American such an establishment in the Nation's Capt- far from the fighting against the Viet-
'Mdecca, where all could see what America is tal; and Cong, troops that have been used in the
really capable of showing-not only in her Whereas this act of Congress authorized a mass attack of August 21 on Buddhist
factories, in her productivity, in her great nationwide campaign to give all Americans, temples, against demonstrations by the
strength, wealth, prosperity-but what She Individually or in organizations, an oppor- people, against even high school students,
could show in the arts and in those things tunity share in the establishment of this who have been arrested by the hundreds.
that appeal to all that is spiritual and es- cultural showcase; and y
thetic in the senses of man." Whereas in keeping with the spirit and Students, because of their opposition to
President Kennedy in lending his support intent of this act, the President of the United the regime, are being inducted into the
to the National Cultural Center said: "There States and Commander In Chief of our army if they are over 20 years old; if
has been a growing awareness that the United armed services, has urged participation in younger, they are being rounded up and
States will be judged-and its place in his.. and support of this effort; and sent to "reeducation centers," another
tory ultimately assessed-not alone by its Whereas the Washington Area Committee name for detention or concentration
military or economic power, but by the for the National Cultural Center has invited camps.
quality of its civilization." the cooperation of veterans organizations
The Center Is'nonpartisan. nonpolitical- In the District of Columbia and neighboring The pattern is familiar-the "elite"
It is for all Americans. Maryland and Virginia, as representative of forces reminiscent of Nazi storm troop-
I am proud and pleased to be a member the 22 million men and women now living ers, the intolerance of any word of crit-
of the Center's board of trustees, which in-
eludes many leading Americans from all who have served in the military and naval Iclsm, the use of a proclaimed Commu-
iorces of our country, and nist threat as an excuse for Fascist
walks walks of life. Therefore, I can speak from Whereas members of the Department of the methods. Mr. President, this regime
nrothand of knowledge of the great effort being District of Columbia, American Legion, are does not represent the people of Vietnam
put behind It. eervlces ces cognizant which the the need for National the facilities Cultural Center and and does not care about the people.
Congress has provided the land for the
Center shaver, the buildings will be paid will provide in the Nation's Capital, and are Dr. Erich Wulff, a German psychiatrist
for by all the American people at an estl- desirous of lending support to any patriotic who was in Vietnam to establish a new
mated cost of $30 million effort to enhance the strength and prestige psychiatric program at the University of
Th National Cultural Center will cos- of our country, culturally as well as militar- Hue, was an eyewitness of the May 8 at-
tain three separate performing halls-a sym- uy;Hessolved, byf the American Legion in na- tack by armored cars with 37-millimeter
phony hall, a theater and an auditorium for tionai convention assembled in Miami Beach, guns, in which shots were fired into a
opera, ballet and musical comedy. And Fla., September 10-12, 1953, That every effort crowd assembled at the radio station to
there will be ample room for future expan- be made to make this National cultural Cen. hear an address by a Buddhist leader
sion. Here, our country's most outstanding ter a reality and that copies of this resolution who had been banned from the air.
performers will display their talents. Here, be forwarded to Interested parties and that Dr. Wulff was a speaker last week at a
celebrated artists from abroad will find the appropriate steps be taken to bring the Na- luncheon in Washington appropriate setting to perform in the Na- tional Cultural Center into being. attended is.
tion's Capital. Here, also, the most promis- several members of Senate office staffs.
ing of our young artists will get the chance He showed photographs of the bodies,
f
or recognon by the American public. VIETNAM MUST CHANGE 0 ddled and bloody, of some of the seven
I would like to emphasize the last point. FORFEIT AID !\ - en and one woman who were killed
There will be talent competitions in every t unprovoked assault on defense-
State
The best tale
t f
th
(
.
n
rom
e farthest
At this point Mr. WALTERS took th people.
corners of our Nation will be given the op- Chair.)
portunity to appear at the National Cultural HARTKE. Mr President, once Mr. President, those armored cars bore
Center. Radio and television programs will , more, for the sixth time, a Buddhist monk the insignia of U.S. aid, clasped hands
be broadcast from the Center throughout the has voiced protest of oppression b under stars on a blue field with the red
country. The potential audience of the Na- by the stripes of a shield below. The common
tional Cultural Center is really 180 million regime of Ngo Dinh Diem in South Viet-
nam People of Vietnam may not be able to
Americans. And as time goes by, quite likely, in the most drastic manner possible, read, but they can understand those
most of therest of the world. by becoming a flaming torch In suicide. signs. They do not know that those
All it needs-is to be built. That takes No one can deny the depth of conviction machines, and the trucks which carry
money-$30 million. I'm asking you Legion- which has driven desperate people to students away to arrest, have gone out
nacres and all Legion posts throughout the such terrible acts in order to draw the of our control into the hands of the
country for your enthusiastic support of this world's attention to their plight.
vital idea-the National Cultural Center. These dynastic Ngo Dinh family's minions. To
are acts of desperation, and we must them, this is the sign of the United
Because you are keenly aware that we face up to the fact that our own position States. We are accomplices in repres-
must win the cold war on all fronts. Be-
cause you are such a strong force of national sion, tearing down the very democracy
leadership and in your communities-you For despite the charms and blandish- that we profess, by our aid, to be build-
can help make the National Cultural Center meats of Madam Nhu on ur aid must be
a living reality, a symbp,}l*p( ode paRekWige12'9la'i9:p/Qigtil A j~ p I out delay.
 Approved For Rease 2003/10/10 CIA-RDP65B00383R000200170013-0.
1 n CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
the RECORD way. But it takes a different point of
RECORD on September 1, that there' Modest houses of American officials are view from that of the military leadership
isdisil1psionilent-andAlsg-ont~71ta1Tong under surveillance. Telephone lines are which sees the whole struggle in terms
even the regular arxlly officers, who are tapped. The Times of Vietnam daily accuses of armored cars, machineguns, and
being distracted bythe country's internal the United States of being "imperialistic" or snipers.
condition .f rgpi their a5i -of fighting the worse. Edgar Buell speaks. Meo, Lao, and
Comlltlnists) f Io CSI 11~ixlli,.e quotes This paper, incidentally, is the one Thai. Ninety percent of his time has
a yoilii cap ain as saying: which reputedly serves as the mouth- been spent behind enemy lines, helping
Just whatrp weighting for anyway? For piece for Madam Nhu and her husband. the wandering bands of tribesmen to find
Diem?and hisamjly? If the .physical and Our own Nation has become involved new village sites, to organize air drops of
spiritual terror here gets much worse, there with the affairs of this country on the rice and other essentials, to bring them
will be notilii to choose between ..us and
the Nprth other side of the world because-we stand seeds, and help them raise crops under
for freedom and for the rights of people. the nose of the enemy. Sometimes
Di, Tulfpntus We.sent our aid there to help the people, walking for days, sometimes flying in
,,opinion is sal aged by many younger not to help Diem maintain power by tiny planes, he has organized and per-
oflicera oI the?ixiidsile_grades. As fpr_the re- disregarding scheduled elections and sonally kept going a $1,500,000 relief pro-
cruits, Imyself saw 1o truckloads of trDpps, turning his presidency into a tyrannical gram for the Meo tribesmen in the midst
sent out against ,a croryd of students-in-Hue, dictatorship. Yet the picture I have of the Communists-a total figure, let it
signaling encouragement to them, The re-
gime stabilized) the , . in line .only painted is one which shows us to his own be noted, amounting to no more than 1
olive from accomplice
by flying in military police from Danang and oppressed people as an Alice in op- day's cost of our aid to Vietnam. He has
part of the presidential guard from Saigon, pression. Our 15,000 troops there, our started 29 schools for tl1ese people where
in critical situations, the government can ap- 100 dead, our $500 million in aid this there were none before. Although with-
parently rely only on special troops. year-$1 `/2 million-a.flay-were not in- out medical training himself, he has de-
Mr. Presicent, ,those special troops- tended for these antidemocratic pur- livered some 30 babies, and has given
the 1,200 maxi fore., .Co~oa troops poses. This great effort is being divert- practical medical treatment to hundreds.
according to _uncontradiCted_ reports are ed to dictatorial disregard of the people. He has brightened the lives of thousands
receiving pa =of $2_50,000 per porh e The fight against the Vietcong is half- of children with gifts of candy; and soon
million a year f $A59,000-per month-.$3 hearted. The image of the United States' he will be receiving shipments-which
Me -
milit, Wi}y I ask?' We-must withdraw isc`bei fghtrampled in the mud within will total 25,000 rubber balls and 50,000
"
m
l
-
vo
untat-
democr is tyranny mention the rest of the world. vV ily
by rubber workers Vin~fa Sandusky,
at y of this sort, _ a Mr. President, I wish to paint you an- Ohio, union who are giving up their cof-
Even Madame Nhus .own father, the other picture of American aid in that fee breaks to do the job with company
resigned ' Ambassador ,., to the United part of the world. I want to tell you cooperation. His work in the Rural De-
States, said in an fntevew only the past the story of a common, ordinary Indiana velopment Branch of AID has been vital
Sunday that Diem-. }s 4y dirt farmer, from Steuben County, who to the lives of the 50,000 to 60,000 Moo
have become t,h stgp~pgest roadblock to vic- has been pouring out his life, and even tribesmen who have been driven from
tort' p auesI l", s se tei
~ey r h owa people Instead
their
to supT otead r of using of his own funds, for the past $ their mountain homes by Communist
the aid', o unite_the people in the fight years in warm, human aid to needy Pathet Lao soldiers.
against the Communtst ? people far up in the.frontier area of Laos. But, rather than tell more about this
In his remarks , j his week, Dr. Wulff, `It is the story of a man who has become man, I ask unanimous consent to have
a, dedib to diva) Xllan, not a politi- a legend among the Meo tribesmen, a printed in the RECORD, at the end of my
man who has lived
on the remarks, an article about him. It is en-
clan, but a c,! jan peaceably e yet who hap- frontier where territory has changed titled "An American Hero," and was pub-
pened to be Q be scene, related that he hands to the Communists and back lished last year in the Saturday Evening
had seen in the cqurse.of his duties in again, who has had to jump up from Post, and has been reprinted by AID.
Hue about 5p, political prisoners, of whom
there sleep at a sudden warning' and plunge The PRESIDING OFFICER. With-
are reportedly at least 30,000 today, into the jungle five times in 1 year to es- out objection, it is so ordered.
includng,hundreds Of > uddhistspriests cape Communist guerrillas, a man who (See exhibit 1.)
and student .W-hose Crime-was. making has for many months had a price of $25,- Mr. HARTKE. Mr. President, here is
honestrote~t th~
Dr
0
Wulff 000
,
.
__
on his head, offered by the Pathet
found only 2 wh9, -Were- c nmunist Lao, and yet who has won the love of the
guerrillas S~tbers were peasants who primitive people he serves, so that he is in
had made political remarks about leaders no danger of. being turned in for that
in their owar'eas $ome. bad .been-In most tempting reward.
prison for 1, to -2 years, without even That man is Edgar Buell, known as
knowing why "Pop" Buell, or to the natives as "Tan
The" st, oppression oc- Pop." In Meo "Tan" means "Mister,"
curs ln,,teaxld Ares ,out of sight of and "Pop" means "sent from above."
the Amer3can,5,.i1I $,aigon The result is At 50, "Pop" Buell is an old man by
that most o2;t 7,ose who-are sympathizers native standards in a land where 35 is a
with the Vietcong, who have been ripe age to attain. He has been in Laos-
t, broughinto cooperatjng with them in since June 1960-at first as a $60-a-
the VIeko~ig Delta..-and eJ,Sewhere, are month volunteer with the international
not CommuStr Conis have in- Voluntary Service; but now he is with
crgased~le?(-r-,hard-goreregulars from our Government's Agency for Interna-
1$,000 to mgre than 2 2,000 in the past tional Development. He has just been
year. nfl they are gaining their con- home to Indiana, where his father has
verts, not by_ the, attractiveness of their been seriously ill. He also reported in
program but by the. hatred of oppressed Washington. He returned to Laos just
people for their own corrupted and +.,_ +w,. --
orld-military support to prop up
tyrannical dictatorships, nullifying the
good we are doing through AID, the
Alliance for Progress, the Peace Corps,
and our assistance to United Nations
agencies for people. On the one hand,
we present our true face as humani-
tarians; on the other side, we show the
U.S. insignia on the vehicle of oppres-
sion against Buddhists and students. In
Latin America, we stand idly by, for lack
.of a positive policy, and watch military
juntas take over the Dominican Repub-
lic, Honduras, and other democratic
states, through dictatorial methods.
Then we recognize the dictators, and we
are once more in collaboration with the
very thing we say we are fighting.
which 1 cite "'Pan Pop," or Edgar Buell, as an must stop. On Friday, I issued a state-
p - we a e contin{ling. to keep in inspiring example of the kind of aid we ment on the Latin American situation.
ower I said:
"Saigon is now really should be emphasizing-the same In it, a city of sus
ici
"
p
on,
sort of thing we are doing with the Peace Withholding of aid funds and expressing
says a former high officer of the Diem Corps and through the Alliance for diplomatic displeasure are not enough.
regime, the holder of a Columbia Uni- Progress, the kind of activity which does A hemispheric police force under the di-
rection versity doctorate in political science, a not feed communism by turning people of the Organization of American
man who resign e i The President should a.2 lj&bSUt~=
ipo1 ioRa}11/~P9t:t'@317a6>053ia~s to take the leach it
from any degree pf Complicity in anti
 r
Approved For Release 2003/10/10 : CIA-RDP65B00383R000200170013-0
18064 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE October 8
the setting up of such a force, which should era Laos. He to a little runt of a man, and all. Even without the recent war, which has
be equipped to move rapidly to protect POP- except for his thinning hair and heavy- tarn them from their land, they live at the
ular, democratic governments against mili- rimmed spectacles you ould mistake him for absolutebedrock of human existence. Their
tary takeovers. one of the 200,000 Meo tribesmen who in- farmland is mostly vertical, climbing up the
In short, we must do more than talk. habit those jungle-sheathed mountains. His sides of rugged mountains and cleared by
This is precisely the case 111 Vietnam n weathered from a lifetime on an slashing and burning the tangled jungle
Indiana farm and darkened from 2 years of which chokes it. After a few years of grow-
We have talked, but we have not acted. baking in the tropical sunshine of Laos. His Ing hill rice, opium. and vegetables In one
We have said to Madame Nhu, to Presi- khaki trousers were spotted with the dirt of spot, they pick up their meager possessions
deilt Diem, and to their cohorts, "If you daylong bikes up mountain trails to the Meo and move to another mountain to repeat the
are not good children, we may take away villages we had visited that week' and he process. They live in grass-thatched, bam-
ed buts.
your candy." But like the indulgent was shirtless. warming his bared torso in the bOOe al handmade, ostl Virtuallyy baming they
boo.
parent whose child knows the talk is only a1B ell was discussing the economics of A Meo woman is lucky it she survives child-
threat, and who can therefore get away opium with two Meo village leaders, who birth. She Is luckier still if half of the chil-
with any degree of bad behavior, we get listened attentively. almost rapturously. He dren she bears survive childhood. And she
the answer, "All right, I'll be good"- spoke in a mixed vocabulary of tribal Meo can count her blessings if she or her husband
but with action quite the opposite. We and Lao, the national language of Leos. If lives to be more than 35 years of age. If she r
the
E
Edgar have come be known
tiger never tiger, you listened closely. colloquialisms dlburiedein Bell whc h i apassed from mouth to mou h
and the teeth of a paper
time we not oly nbared our bit bur the strange monosyllabic words. and village to village in northern Laos, she
anyone. It 1s ti me w only opium, the only exportable cash crop probably thinks of him as some kind of god.
teeth, but used them. raised In Laos, is a poor crop for the Meo, To the Meo, he is.
work. $EEv Even though the M Pop means sent from above
lut on of one of the the Senator _ from Idaho [Mr. painstaking explained.
_ Buell's name in Men, the flattering so-
CHuACH], Senate Resolution 196, now grow the beat opium in the world, the farm- briquet of which he is more proud than any
before the Committee on Foreign Rela- er's reward for the stuff is abysmally low; a award or honor he has received, has a god-
tions. That resolution declares: batch that might sell for $100.000 it smug- like meaning, The Meo call him Tan Pop.
glad into mew York brings the Meo farmer Tan means "mister." Pop, In Meo, means
It is the Menge of the Senate that unless the about $t. In Buell's easygoing but forth- "sent from above." To fellow Americans in
Government of South Vietnam abandons right lecture to the tribesmen, there was no Laos he is simply Pop Buell, with no spir-
Poltcies of repression against its own People hint of moral considerations. The evils of itual overtones. But the legend of Pop Buell
and makes a determined and effective effort opium's misuse to a civilized Western society is passed around with awe in the American
to regain their support, military and Meo- would be inexplicable to the primitive Meo. community too. Already Buell's efforts have
nomic assistance to that Government should Buell stuck to crop economics. Sweet eclipsed the record of Dr. Tom Dooley, the
wt be continued. potatoes, he said, would grow beautifully in young St. Louis physician who established
We desperately need foreign aid of the the rich earth of the hills. They would bring two jungle hospitals In Laos before he died
01nd typified by the man whom the more money, and besides, the farmers and in 1961.
their families could eat them. "Sometimes Pop puts the rest of us to
natives can Tan Pop, "Mr. Sent From As the moo village leaders nodded in shame," said one of the men he works for.
Above"; but we need just as desperately thoughtful agreement. Buell looked up at "He has more courage, more commonsense
to stop tearing down all the good we do me. "Americans ought to know," he said, and more human compassion than any other
with these programs and people by sup- "that diplomacy ain't all white shirts, nice man I have known."
porting governments which oppress their pants and money running out of your Pop Buell's job is an emotionally and
own ordinary citizens. pockets. More of us have got to get down physically crushing one, on which hang the
with the people. That's where you can do lives of 50,000 to 60,000 harassed Meo tribes-
The Vietnam resolution needs not only some good for them and for America" men who have been driven from their moun-
to be passed, it also needs to be imple- Edgar Buell rarely has occasion to wear a tain homes by Communist Pathet Lao sol-
mented in the foreign policy of our Na- white shirt and nice pants, and when money diers bent on conquering all of Laos. Most
tion, with firmness and with the kind of runs out of his pockets. it is more often his of these Meo refugees wander the hills or
discipline which alone prevents juvenile own. earned in years of work raising corn and settle in temporary villages in Xleng Khou-
delinquency. If the Diem regime will soybeans on an Indiana farm, than it is ang Province, bordering the famed Piaine des
not use our money for promotion of dem- Uncle Sam's. The 49-year-old retired farmer Jarres where one of the principal battles of
Is one of that woefully small group of Ameri- the Laotian civil war was fought. They are
Deistic ends, why should we continue to cans overseas who were extolled by Eugene surrounded by hostile Communist and so-
coddle its leaders as we are doing? We Burdick and William Lederer in their rots- called neutralist forces who are allied in
started out in Vietnam to put down the named book "The Ugly American." whose battle against the royal government. Every
threat of communism: but what good will hero was not ugly, but splendid. These are day the noose of enemy troops closes a little
it do to eliminate communism, only to re- the Americans who volunteer to go to remote tighter.
place it with repressive dictatorship? corners of the world where they can use a The warlike cease-fire in Laos
lifetime of practical experience in helping
The time has come to give the paper the miserable people our leaders euphemis- If you read the news of southeast Asia reg-
tiger some teeth. We have the ability tically call the "less fortunate" or "under- Marty, you probably have the impression
that there has been a cease-fire in Laos, that
and the power to withdraw at least a developed" the country has been in a more or less quies-
portion of our aid, in order to help per- Buell went to Laos in June 1980 $is r cent state pending the negotiation of a more
suede Diem and Madame Nhu and their forin eh volunteer. l Voluntary Agri ermanent peace based on formation of a
Government to commence nce t to toe the (pace Corps which contracts the services of neutral, coalition government. The impres-
democratic line, for r the welfare of all its volunteers to various U.S. aid programs sion is misleading, particularly in Xieng
their people. We need action, not just abroad. He took this step after a deep per- Khouang Province. For many months, long
threats. Let us withdraw, or perhaps gonna tragedy, the death of his wife. In the before the recent heavy fighting, there has
place in escrow, depending upon a change vernacular of northeastern Indiana, and the been war every day. Men have been killed. burned for the better, at least a portion of our farm where he spent most of bin life, Buell Villages nhave b dinb but d. Peo alangry e, stoy
en and to Laos. "It the
aid, perhaps 20 percent. If we are to explained what propelled him
I Off tortured. Pop remembers the horrifying was be the adoptive uncle to Vietnam or to team. 90 complicated. aa ood horse got off the ordeal of one village which he visited just When any other country,
e wagon. I couldn't go on alone back home. after t"They ewaPathet Lao nted to sea an sacked
. That et us exert our
e ample," he ex-
can perform perform our Thtrue Is the function ion way for y de- - But here. I don't know why, I can go alone." plained. The memory of it made him wince.
c As his words indicate, he is a gentle man, "So took one of the wives of the village
II10CraCy in the world. tempered by a life that has been both hard Nhl they
Khon (leader) and stood her up in front
EsatBrr I and good. Physically he is wiry and tough, of everybody. One of the Communist soldiers
AN AMERICAN HERO-Tnz ExCLvsiVx STORY or hardened by 2 yearn of climbing up and
How AN AMERICAN FARMER HAS DEVOTED down the mountains of Laos. If a word took his gun and shot off one of her breasts
HIS'LIvE TO A ONE-MAN CRUSADE rot FREE- could describe his features, that word would and then the other. Then they left her
DOM AND DEMOCRACY IN WAR-TORN, be "homely"; it is a warm kind of homeli- there to die:"
underlined by alert. curious eyes, that Pop and I saw another "example" while
COMMUNIST-INFn.TRA'rED L6Oa ness, draws other men to Edgar Buell and inspires visiting some wounded Meo In a neat little
(By Don A. Schanche) confidence In people less fortunate than him- hospital run by Filipino volunteers in Vien-
PART I self. tiane, the admtnlstartive capital of Laos.
Edgar Buell was squatting. native style, on The Meo people with whom Buell works are He was a boy about 9 years old, perhaps 10, Merc a dusty path which bordered a worked-Out among the least fortunate people in the h thwa g unco sci u . all He had been hittwith
opium field high in heAppMved 1hRe'f `ae 191'l1f9f1Wt: UVRbMV(~03A3R000200170013-0
 Approved For Release 2003/10/10 : CIA-RDP65B00383R000200170013-0
196V . CQI TGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 180
shotgun pellets. The entire right side of his and the trails were slippery with greaselike matter," Pop explained. "If it was I would
body was peppered with ugly little wounds. mud. Some of-the paths were almost verti- have quit long ago. I don't have to work. I
"His father wasa village leader, Poi sighed. cal, and descending was less a matter of just want to get it across to as many people
"When the Pathet Lao Game, they shot the walking than of skiing. as I can that America is a good place and
'"lt asn`t so bad," he says: "When you get Americans are good people. At the same
.boy as an example fig t e Iv~eo sons are w
s-..
more precious than anything '-"The lioy died in a situation like that, you do what you time I think I'm doing these people some
a few days later. have to Anybody would." good."
To Pop Buell, the oppressed Meo people are In spite of his seemingly casual attitude, 'How much good he is doing was immedi-
his people, their vi ages. .his villages: lie Buell worries about possible capture. Twice ately apparent. Lang Tien, more an area,
spends most of .hfs time living with'them in `in the Past year powerful Radio fungi, the than a village, is a cluster of hillside commu-
beleaguered Xieng Khouang Provfnce In the communist propaganda voice which broad- Ilities overlooking a small plateau inside the
middle of the eio~ln~ enemy noose.' He has casts from North Vietnam to all of south- ring of mountains. All told, 5,000 people live
__
learned their lOneuage, as well as Lao and east Asia, has mentioned the "notorious, war- in the area. - Most of them are Meo refugees,
Thai,_ which he also must use Ile eats their mongering American imperialist, Tan top." but about 1,000 are Lao Thung, another of
food, sleeps In their huts doctors their sick' Buell has heard that the-communists have the many ethnic groups which inhabit Laos.
but tend to be
counsels their ,elders aid kee s flowin the g p g offered a $25,000 reward for his capture. He The Lao un are friendly
relief supplies on which they depend. He suspects that many of the villages in which, lazy and more careless about cleanliness
works at the very end of the chain of U.S. he works have been infiltrated by enemy' than the Meo. Many years ago they were
slaves and both Lao and Meo still ter.d
aid. agents.-
Recently Mr. Pop was elevated from his Of course I worry about it," he says. "If to consider them as such. When anything
low-paid volunteer status to a higher paying 'I didn't there'd be something wrong with is passed out, the Lao Thung are the last , o
post as an employee of the Agency for In- me, wouldnt there? But I love these Meo get a share, and it is rarely a fair share.
ternational evel pment theTtsover'nment people and I know that damned near every From America, provisions by parachute
Agency which administers American eco- o ,e,ot them loves me. I have to put all my That afternoon a C-46, bearing salt, tools
nomic aid abroad. He works for a branch faith, In, them because when I am up there and 50 sacks of rice, made a low pass over
of, All) called Rl,iraI Development which, in with them I have very little contact with the plateau and dropped its cargo for the
.peaceful countries, assists in the construe- anybody else." refugees. As the free-falling rice sacks and
tion of rural roads, trains rural craftsmen ? Pop's only contact with the outside world the parachute-borne tools dropped, Pop
and helps to improve agricultural conditions. is, a tiny walkie-talkie radio with which he talked to the Nhi Khon of the village.
In Laos the war has, aralyzed virtually all `Ncanrcolnyerse with the American-piloted drop "These supplies do not just drop out of
these A TA functionsnsteaq,Fmerlcan A planes which occasionally fly in with relief the sky," he said in his mixed Meo and Lao.
workers haverhac thrustu on them thou lies. Sometimes a Hello-Courier, a big
s11pp - "They come from America because the Amer-
sands of war refu ees'who need help to stay winged, light plane capable of landing and jeans want to help you. The supplies are
alive. More than half of these refugees are taking off on 300-foot strips, drops onto a given to the Laotian Government, and the
Meo tribesmen who depend on_ op"Buell for dirt runway hewn from a mountainside by Laotian Government gives them to me to
sustenance. the Meo. When they are available, Pop bring to you. They are for all of you and
Because of the 'war, 'ft has been more than, uses these planes to lift him from village to each man must get his fair share. We Ion-
a year since these Meo refugees have been , village. Otherwise he walks. sider a man a man, whether he is a Meo or e
able to stop in one place long enough to The week I spent with Pop Buell in the Lao Thung. He must get the same share."
plant and harvest rice, their basic food. Igor- mountains of Xieng Khouang began with a The Nhi Khon, a progressive leader who
mally in a wartorn country such refu ees _ rair raising Helio-Courier flight through the probably did not require the lecture, nodded
would be herded into isxge camps where they . mist-shrouded mountains. We had been in in agreement and withheld distribution of
could be fell an clothed unti they could
Vientiane for almost a week, waiting for the the supplies until representatives of the Lao
return to their hozr es lint _theA,Mec,, a .,. fog to lift from the mountains so we could Thung village arrived to claim an equal
fiercely independent people, will not leave get in to the village of Lang Tien, about 2 share.
their beloved x110untains even though the days' walk from the enemy-held Plaine des That night we were invited to the same
hills are surrounded ,a,n s,l of hips h with - Jarres. When the fog thinned a little we Lao Thung village for a celebration honor-
Communist.agen s. Instead they wander iri took off. Our pilot, Bob Smith, boosted the ing Tan Pop. After a long trek along a star-
bands of up to Z 0`00 people, looking for places little plane to 7,000 feet to avoid ground fire lit jungle trail, we climbed the ladderlike
to settle. it is Pgp's hob to find these wane as we flew over Pathet Lao territory. stairway into the hut of the village chief.
sites, bands, help th_6-- locate new village ?You get shot at every time you fly over Proudly he boasted that he was 70 years old
sites, and organize air` drops of'r ice an d othe r
essentials until they can Won their feet. here," Pop explained. "I came back in an and had seven wives and 30 children. A half
To do?,this hg spends SO percent ofhis time airplane once that picked up 17 bullet holes dozen children under 5 attested to his vigor.
living behind enemy lines Sometimes, while in the wings. Amazing they didn't hit any- The Nhi Khon of Lang Tien, who accom-.
trudging along hidden bungle ,pathways in = thing that mattered." panied us, wryly explained the mountaineer's
the roadless, uncharted mountains lie comes Smith, a civilian pilot working for Air polygamy. "In this country, blankets are
- -, very dear," the Nhi Khon said, "so we have
'Upon villages never before visited by a white America, the subsidiary of Civil? Air Trans- -many wives to keep us. warm." For himself,
man, The lithe, jungle toughened people port which" flies most of the civil and inli-
said the Nhi Khon, he had only two.
he meets on these traits maybe -friend' or tary airdrop missions in Laos, cut his alti- Inside the hut, dimly lighted by flaming
ener y; Pop has no way of knowing. Any tude to duck under the clouds which rags dipped in animal fat, we squatted
night while sleeping Ina bamboo and-thatch huggedilie mountaintops of Xieng Khouang, around an earthenware urn filled to within
but in the 'hills h xn..y have to jump up and From that moment on it was like a roller- an inch of the brim with a fermented rice
plunge into the jungle to escape the Pathet coaster ride through a coal mine. Smith's mash. Protruding from the urn were long, I'll Lao. Pop has Darned to sleep with his view of the mountains was limited to mas- thin bamboo rods, hollowed to serve as
clothes oil. xt s ves ti a hesa s slue shadows which lurked in the mist ahead
straws. From these we sipped the sickly
Purs2cQd,, Reds be ore dawn of us. But flying on a combination of in-
f sweet rice wine while the Nhi Khon, taking
In the past year he has had to make such ` stinct and intimate knowledge of territory a cue from Tan Pop, lectured the Lao Thung
he had covered many times before, he snaked
predawn escapes five times. The most recent chief on the importance of planting garden
the little plane through narrow passes that
was 3 months ,.ago. Pop ~was asleep in a Meo seed and not relying entirely on the Ameri-
hut when a scout burst through the low left little more than 30 feet of maneuvering cans to provide for his people.
room on each wingtip, and across mountain
doorway and awakened himg "If you do not plant the seeds and care for
"Pathet Lao are just down the hill," the plateaus from which trees rose so high I the gardens," said the Nhi Khon, "you may
scout. w~llspered thought they would brush our undercarriage. end up picking rocks instead of food from
He. had barely spoken when the Commu- Bouncing landing in Lang Tien your fields. You cannot eat rocks."
nists opened fire. Pop rushed from hut to Suddenly Pop pointed toward a cluster of Earlier Pop had opened dozens of cans of
hut in the village, rounding up women and thatch-roofed huts nestled near a short dirt
children. While a platoon of village guards- strip. Smith flipped the light plane into a
some, of, them .firing flintlock muskets-held steep turn, and a minute later we were
off the enemy attack. Pop hoisted a child bouncing along the uneven runway.
onto his back,a,r,1.ci joined the villagers on a "These pilots make a lot of money," Pop
trek down a path on the other side of the said, "sometimes $3,000 to $5,000 a month if
hill. They spent'all, the next day hidden in they fly a lot. But they ain't got a very long
the jungle valley below, then climbed back- life expectancy. You got to take your hat
up to the plundered village that night. off to them. They earn every cent they
"It's surprising how well you can see to make."
walk on, those trails in the moonlight," Pop Booked at Buell in wonderment. His own
says. job involves more hazard and uncertainty
On another oec 1Affleeing from a Pathet than the work of the highly paid pilots, hol-
Lao attack, Pop walked for 18 hours with a ever great their courage.
other vegetables-and explained to the 1,-,hi
Khon that greens were important to the diet.
Now the Nhi Khon was carrying the message
to the Lao Thung, as he would carry it next
day to the other villages around the plateau.
Pop knew that the message would be more
effective if it came from the Nhi Khon than
if he delivered it himself, because the Nhi
Khon would be there to see that the garden
work was done.
"Working with these people is the same as
working with my own people back in Steu-
ben County, Ind.," he explained. "You got
 Approved For Release 2003/10/10 : CIA-RDP65B00383R000200170013-0
18066 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - $ENATE October 8
You don't just barge in and tell somebody abandon the woman to the ineffective treat-
you're helping him. You take it easy, and meat of a medicine man, Pop got on the
you help him to help himself. That way It radio and called Mary Jane St. Marie, an
means something to him and It sticks with American IVS nurse.
him." Step by step, Mary Jane explained the
The tribesmen's conversation shifted to process of miscarriage to the Indiana farmer.
.politics, and I asked Pop to translate for me. "He wouldn't understand medical terms,"
"They're talking about the war," be said. Mary Jane said, "so I gave It to him in good,
"There's a lot they don't understand. basic farm Language."
You've got to realize that the whole world, At the end of the conversation, in which
for these people, is no bigger than the die- he also told Pop how to deliver a baby, and
tance they can walk. But they know more what to do to try to prevent miscarriage.
than you'd think they would." other radio operators In remote regions of
The Nhi Shon was talking now, obviously L broke In. "Thanks, Mary Jane, and
with great feeling, explaining something to you too, Pop," said one of them. "I think
Pop. I could see the wizened little Indiana I've got a case like that up here and I've
farmer's face grow taut with emotion as he been Wondering what to do about it."
turned to translate the Nhi 8hon's remarks As it turned out, Pop managed to prevent
to me. the miscarriage. The baby was born a few
"I'll try to give you this exactly the way he months later. Pop and I viated the mother
said It to me," said Pop. "Here It is: 'Be- and her healthy 18-month-Sid son last
fore the trouble came, the Meo people did not April. He picked the child up and said.
need help. When the trouble came, we "little boy, you make it all seem worthwhile."
heard about the Thing' (8e'a got a picture Buell the makeshift physician
of the United States and the United Nations
all wrapped up in one big, good ball which Although he says that be has lost count,
he calls the Thing.) 'Until the Others (North Pop estimates he has delivered about 80
Vietnamese Communists) came, we could babies since that first case. Whenever he
have beaten the Pathet Lao with our mus- goes Into the mountains, he carries a well-
kets and crossbows. But we kept on, ighting stocked medicine kit for treatment of minor
them and we thought we were figting for infections and ailments, but it usually runs
the Thing. We were told that the Thing dry before his village-hopping tour is over.
would come to help us. But so far the Thing In one village a man who had accidentally
has not been much help. Now we wonder if rammed a sharpened bamboo stake into his
the Thing will move us to another country eyebrow, opening a gaping wound, came to
where we can Iive In peace. Will it?' " us for help. Pop grabbed my only bottle
An unnn_4wored auection of whisky and poured it on the slash. "Ain't
Pop paused and I saw that a tear was run- ?-'- "'' "'""..- "" """ "? "~
sing down one of his cheeks. "You answer chuckled as he closed and dressed the wound. In each of the
him," he said quietly. "I can't. That's what surrounded v Pop was constantly
first
t
I thought the thing was for too." by small children. At our first
Snowing U.S. policy in Laos, the drive for stop I saw why. From his battered suitcase
a neutral Coalition government which seems he drew a huge bag of hard candy. He
certain in the long run to hand the entire made sure that each child in each village
country and the Meo as well over to the got a least one piece.
Communists. I couldn't answer him either. The e children had another reason for being
Poring the ii days that followed, we visited drawn to to the little American. All of them
a half-dozen more villages, some by toot, recognize him as the man who brought
some by air. In each of them, Edgar Buell, education to the Meo. In years past there
were no schools in the Meo villages. Tucked
retired Indiana farmer. of meager education away in the remote mountains, the Meo
but great natural Intelligence and wisdom, were too hard to reach, and the Laotians
was welcomed as Tan Pop, the near god. thought them unworthy of education any-
In each village Pop made it a point, almost way. When Pop arrival, to walk to every hut and either e. began working with the
t
step in or peer in to utter a few -words of mountain people, he Immediately ately sought to
encouragement to the wives, tending their correct the tragic oversight. As a graduate
cooking fires on the hard dirt floors. of a one-room country school in Steuben
"I ve still got enough American in me to County, Ind., he had little awe for the com-
a lot of respect for motherhood," he can plexities officials of modern education. But Ameri-
show explained, "Besides, they ain't got a very In Vientiane did. When he tried
good life. A few kind words does them a lot to get backing he was told that
of g ?pooling the ckig he Mao from thomwould be Impossible.
As we made the rounds through the village There were no qualified teachers. "Hell."
of Sam Thong, about a day's walk from Lang said Pop, "who needs qualified teachers?
Tien, a sobbing woman ran out of a hut from Al! I wanted to do was teach them to read
which burst sounds of wailing and the clang- and write."
ing cymbals of the village medicine man. No school bell needed here
Inside we could see the wasted bode of her In each refugee village, Pop knew, there
husband. He had died of tuberculosis that were a few tribesmen who had gone for a
morning. The grieving widow fell into Pop's year or two to Laotian schools and could
arms and sobbed on his shoulder. Prom the read and write the language. Without
look of mixed grief and hope in her tear- bothering further to establish formal _ U.B.
Stied eyes, I guessed she thought there was educational aid to the Meo, Pop told leaders
a chance Edgar Buell could bring the man in each village to build a schoolhouse. Then
back to life. He patted her in that awkward he scrounged writing pads, pencils, and chalk
way of a man who can do nothing, and we from everyone In Vientiane who owed him a
moved on. favor. In villages where an educated Meo,
But Pop can and does help the sick. Al- was available, Pop put him to work as a
though he has no medical training, 2 years' schoolteacher. Then he spoke to the Lao-
working, largely on his own in Laos have tian Government's Minister of Health and
given him a cram course in medical problems Social Welfare, a man named Touby Lyfoung,
that would horrify most Americans. Ella who is a Meo himself and is often called
first case was a native woman who was on King of the Meo. Touby provided the mis-
the verge of a miscarriage. At the time, sing teachers. At present Pop's school sys-
before the battle of the Plains des Jarres, tem includes 20 1-room, dirt-floored schools.
Pop and another IVS volunteer were man- Belatedly the Americans now offer Pop all
ning a lonely station at Lhat Houaog, not the support he needs.
fsi from Xieng Khouang. They had a radio "Sure, the Communists will take over
with which they could call any or all of these schools one of these days, but I don't
the other American detachments in Laos. think the people will forget who nut them
might get only 6 months of schooling be-
fore the Communists come, but I don't care.
There's no telling what they might pick up
In 8 months, and It's sure better than noth-
ing. These kids come to learn. They don't
need no school ,bell. They're in there when
the teacher arrives."
There is much more to say about Pop
Buell: about the love and fulfillment and
tragedy of his life in America; about how
he came to Laos; about his heroic efforts
there, often under enemy fire and in the face
of unbelievable hardships. Some of these
adventures I will recount in a further report
next week. But for now, listen to one more
remark from Pop Buell in Laos. On our
last day in the mountains of Xieng Khou-
ang, as we were waiting for a plane to take
us back to Vientiane. I asked Pop why he
stayed on, knowing that unless the United
States changes its policy in Laos the Com-
munists are bound to take over.
"You've got to have something to keep you
going," he replied. "The Communists
probably will take over soon. But every-
thing turns in time, and it will turn again
here someday. It may be 10 years or 50 years,
but when that day comes these people are
still going to remember Tan Pop. That's
the only thing that keeps me going. No
man is big enough or brave enough to work
like this without some kind of purpose. I'm
sowing seeds that, by God, someday is going
to grow."
PART 2
At dawn one morning last April I was
stumbling sleepily down a jungle path behind
enemy lines in the mountains of northern
Laos. Walking jauntily ahead of me, hum-
ming what sounded like "When the Saints
Go Marching In," was Edgar Buell, the re-
tired Indiana farmer whose work has made
the difference between life and starvation
for 50,000 to 80,000 primitive Meo tribesmen.
Ignoring his happy mood, I mumbled some-
thing about the long days we had been put-
ting In. up at dawn, a 4- to 8-mile hike on
an empty stomach, time out to care for the
sick in remote mountain villages, visits to
village gardens and opium fields, and inter-
minable nighttime conferences with village
leaders.
"Most folks look on 8 hours as a good day's
work." said Buell, smiling. "I was always of
the opinion that I ought to do a little bit
extra after I've done my day's work. Its
that little bit that sells America."
Buell has done more than a little bit
extra. Since moving to Laos 2 years ago he
has organized and personally kept going a
$1,500.000 relief program for, the benefit of
the thousands of Meo refugees who have been
driven from their land by Communist Pathet
Lao soldiers. Although he bas the active
and hearty support of the Laotian Govern-
ment, the U.S. Agency for International De-
velopment for which he works, and many
friendly Americans, Laotians, Thais and
Filipinos, the job of getting the supplies to
the homeless, hungry Meo has been largely
his alone. To accomplish it he spends most
of his time living with the Meo under primi-
tive and dangerous conditions. He has been
shot at, run out of villages by attacking Com-
munist troops, and exposed to a variety of
diseases which run the gamut from amebic
dysentery to leprosy. Radio Hanoi, the pow-
erful Communist propaganda voice of south-
east Asia, has twice broadcast a lookout for
him, and he has been told that the Com-
munists have offered a $25,000 reward for
his capture.
A legendary figure
To the Meo people, among whom he has
become a legendary figure, Buell is known as
Tan Pop, which translates as "Mister Sent
From Above." It is a godlike name for some-
one the Meo consider a godlike man, and
Stumped by the problem but unwilling to there in the first iace,?' Pop says. "They when Mister Pop was first swept into the
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18068 CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD -SENATE
this: Franklin Delano Roo?evelt, Abraham
Lincoln, and Will Rogers. I have to put a
Republican In that group, but hell, Lincoln
was a rural boy and he was everything every
other American ought to aspire to be."
As Democrats in an overwhelmingly Re-
publ?.an section of Indiana, the Buells were
well-known, if politically isolated. When
Paul V. McNutt ran for Governor in 1932,
the silver-haired politician came into Steu-
ben County on a stumping tour. Edgar
Buell, as the leading young Democrat in a
county otherwise barren of McNutt sup-
porters, was given the job of introducing the
would-be Governor at an outdoor hoedown
and barbecue.
"Some of us got to drinking before the
speechmaking and things was getting pretty
wild," Buell recalls, "but somehow I man-
aged to get up and make an introduction
speech.
"Five minutes later I couldn't remember
what I said, but after Mr. McNutt got
through talking he came up to me and
thanked me for the nice Introduction. Then
he looked at me real straight and said. 'Mr.
Buell, just remember. Always be an adult.'
I never forgot that."
All of the Buells were, and still are, known
for their unbending honesty; Edgar was no
exception. But in -1938, after marrying his
high school sweetheart and starting to carve
out a meager life on a partially arable farm,
he decided to break the pattern. It was De-
cember. With Christmas coming, the new-
lywed Buells had no money for presents.
Edgar decided to go to the bank In Edon
and borrow $50. "I'll tell them it's for a new
calf," he said to his wife, Mattie Lorene.
"They'd never let me have the money for
Christmas presents, but they'll give it to me
for a calf."
"You never lied before, Edgar," said his
wife, "and nothing good can come from
lying now, even If it is for Christmas."
Buell blurts the truth
'Undeterred. Buell went to the bank. Art
Mauerhan, now executive vice president of
the Edon State Bank, remembers the awk-
ward young farmer stammering as if he
couldn't decide what to say. Finally Edgar
blurted:
"Mr. Mauerhan, I come In here to tell you
I needed $50 for a new calf, but that ain't
true. I need to borrow the money so we can
have Christmas."
He got the $50 and a top credit rating,
which still stands at the Edon Bank.
Home with his wife, whose name Edgar
and everyone else contracted to "Maloreen,"
Christmas plans progressed happily until the
two suddenly thought of a tenant farmer.
Rollie Fraley, who lived with his wife and
six children in a small shack on one corner
of their farm. The Fraleys, who had just
migrated to Indiana from Kentucky, were
dirt-poor. They planned to have no Christ-
mas at all. With half of their $50, Edgar
and Maloreen played Santa Claus to the
Fraley children.
_Every Christmas after that bleak one, Ed-
gar Buell dressed up in a Santa Claus suit
and brought toys to country children who
otherwise would have received none. By
1957 the list of children swelled to include
dozens whose parents also bought them
presents but who waited for Santa Claus
nonetheless. All over Steuben County to-
day you can find children and adults who
remember 'Uncle Edgar's words each Christ-
mas: "May the good Lord be just a little good
to YOU."
The early years on the farm were hard
ones. Although the Buells had two healthy
children, Howard and Harriet, Maloreen suf-
fered complications after the birth of the
to pay the girl, Edgar would pile a truck full
of produce and drive all over the area ped-
dling it. When he got up enough money,
he would come home and give the girl her
wages."
When the war came, Buell was naturally
draft exempt as a farmer. "He had enough
land and livestock to keep three men out of
the Army," said a neighbor. He also had 's
number of extracurricular jobs, among them
the assistant chairmanship of the county
alcoholic beverage board and a post on the
Agriculture Department's Corn Loan Board.
Technically, a draft-exempt farmer was not
supposed to do other work, and someone
complained about Edgar's extra jobs. "To
hell with them," Edgar said, and went to the
draft board to ask for induction. He failed
his physical examination because of poor
eyesight. Determined to go anyway, lie got
new glasses. A few months later he was
a corporal in the horse cavalry, helping to
train recruits at Fort Riley, Kans. He did
not get overseas. At war's end he was a sup-
ply sergeant at Fort Knox.
The war years and postwar years were good
ones for agriculture, and Buell's farm grew
and prospered. From a start of 142 partially
arable acres, his holding expanded to a pro-
ductive 249-acre farm. Together with Malo-
reen he poked into every civic activity in the
county that was open to them. While Edgar
worked with 4-H clubs and coached Little
League baseball, Maloreen looked far and
wide for people who needed a helping hand.
"If she heard about a sick old lady who
needed her house redecorated," says an old
friend, Mrs. Jesse Ketzenberger, "she's drop
her own work and go over and hang the
lady's wallpaper herself. I wouldn't run
down Edgar, but Maloreen was twice the
person he Is. and he would be the first to
agree."
Love in another wrapper
"The marriage was a perfect one." gays Ed-
gar, "but we used to argue. Anybody who
says he don't argue with his wife is either
lying or there's something wrong with him."
Not surprisingly, the argument usually con-
cerned how to raise Howard and Harriet. Ed-
gar, accustomed to the Spartan ways of his
own father, bridled at Maloreen's easy-going
way with the children. "I thought she was
too lenient," he says, "but after a while I
learned she was right. She just put her love
out different than I was used to. She just
wrapped them up in it." (Today Buell's
25-year-old son Howard. whose wife Bonnie
expects a child this summer. operates his
father's farm. Harriet, now 24, has one son
and expects another child soon. Her hus-
band, Wesley Gettys, teaches high school In
Somerset. Ohio.)
In 1958 tragedy struck. Maloreen de-
veloped a mysterious malady which doctors
were unable to diagnose. For 8 months she
grew weaker. Hospitalized in Fort Wayne,
about 40 miles from the Buell farm in
October 8
One day a former Alcoholic Beverage Board
colleague drove Into the farmyard and
showed Edgar an advertisement for Inter-
national Voluntary Service in a farm maga-
zine. IVS needed experienced farmers, pref-
erably college graduates, to lead its young
volunteers overseas. For a year he corre-
sponded with IVS headquarters in Washing-
ton, sending applications, character refer-
ences and pleas that the college requirements
be waived in his case. "Finally I squeezed
my whole life down into a two-page letter and
they accepted me," he says. Howard was
back from the Army and had married Bonnie.
He was eager to take over his father's farm.
"I was ready to retire from farming any-
way," says Pop, "so I turned it all over to
Howard." A month later, Buell was in Laos,
a country whose name he had never heard
before.
In a way, he treats Laos just as if it were
Steuben County, only bigger. Like farmers
everywhere, his favorite offduty pastime is
"going visiting." He calls on Health Minister
Touby, an exalted Lao-Government figure,
with the same simple, straightforward ap-
proach he would make to Jake Fifer, who
lives down the road a piece from Pop's farm
In Indiana. Col. Vang Phao, the onetime
French Army sergeant who leads a tough
and well-trained force of Meo guerillas
in north Laos, shares the same camaraderie
with the Indiana farmer as do Pop's brothers
back on the farm. When the two sit in the
courtyard of Vang Phao's house, swinging
their crossed legs and laughing at each
other's sallies, it sounds almost as if they
were a pair of Indiana farmers gossiping
about a neighbor's new silo. You can al-
most hear them utter an occasional "by
golly." In Meo.
To the relief of Vang Phao and everyone
else with whom Pop works, he has signed up
for another 2 years in Laos. "I couldn't leave
these people now," he says. Tragically events
In Laos since- my visit may force Pop to leave
them. At this writing, Communist troops
have swept the Royal Government out of most
of northwest Laos, and the effect of the move
on the rest of the country is still uncertain.
Pop and his beloved Meo tribesmen are in
the northeast and thus were not directly in-
volved in the recent Laos battles, But fur-
ther Communist victories could so isolate
the Meo that Pop would have to get out.
Even if a solution is found in the much-
sought coalition of neutrals, Communists,
and the Royal Government, most Americans
on the scene predict that within a few
months the Communists would control all of
Laos. It is unlikely that they would want
Mister Pop around "selling America." Thus
Buell's heroic efforts may be frustrated. But,
as he told me one day in the mountains;
"I'm sowing seeds that, by God, someday is
going to grow."
The most effective American
Steuben County, she appeared to be improv- Other Americans also are sowing the seeds
Ing. Every night Pop would drive down to of democracy overseas but In many travels to
Fort Wayne to sit with her until she fell almost every part of the world I have never
asleep. One night after he had been in her seen one who did it so effectively as Mister
room only a short while. Maloreen looked up Pop. I told him one day that men with
at Edgar and said. "I'm sleepy. You'd better such a combination of simplicity, intelli-
go home now." gence, and guts are rare. He was embar-
"She usually wanted me to stay until 9 rassed. "I ain't unusual," he said. If you
o'clock, and it was only 7." Buell recalls. look around I think you will find at least one
As Buell said good night from the hospital Edgar Buell in every rural county in
.
room door. Maloreen smiled and called, America "
"Goodby, Edgar." When I left Mister Pop in Laos, he was get-
ting-his garden seeds and supplies ready for
"She never said 'goodby' to me before," a 10-day trek through mountains which, the-
be recalls. oretically at least, are held by Communist
By the time Edgar had driven the 40 miles forces. Pilots had reported seeing large bands
to Steuben County, the doctor had tele- of Meo refugees wandering the jungle trails
phoned. Maloreen was dead. In the area, and Pop was on his way to find
Buell tried to go it alone on the farm. them and help them if he could. He had
Howard was away for a 2-year tour in the never been In the area before and had no
Armv. Harriet was working In Columbus, way of knowing whether his reception would
rest, "and poor Edgar didn't have any money friends and relatives kept popping in. And a this report, I received a letter from him,
to pay her. But he lpprpg/@deFetQgbReV&l[sV2Od #1fiQtt?lGrrg lMpNM0 ~f 0~gq~(~(~i ~14g Which he described
garden, Every Saturday before it was time vious designs. ae being r~s ea~1 close to t5e gnemy."
 Approved For Re ease2013/10/10 CIA-RDP65B00383R0D0200170013-0.
he wrote, "I came ,off from Vleiitiape,wlthout
my medicine kit.
"Was greeted hereby a family who were
the victims of, a Hand, grenade, a sad sight, I
got two young girls patched up by using what
we had here, and put the father, in the.Helio-
Courier and ht him to Q B., (the Operation
Srotherhapd hospital run by Filipino volun-
teers_ under sponsorship of the Manila and
Vientiane., Junior chambers -of commerce).
The worst one (of the girls) I took to a house,
washed and. bandaged.and put her to sleep.
A little boy is not too bad. If the girl is still
alive and.if a Ieljo can get in here, she will
go to O.B tamorxpw., F
I have just ate again and am about ready
for bed. Wasyouu ever deep in the jungle at
night, locusts chattering, plus some kind of
hunting bird, a mortar shell (exploding) now
and then, plus cold and dark? That is this
:USEI;.o is a Commu- Congress is tarred with the brush of
fist, a party to the "international anti- "utogral rig ssrvghtso encroachment upon the conshe several freedom, Conspirac " Union with of
serious the impairment States of of t their
- ~ ~ ~' -?- ? : -: - Union ir
Though Life Like" treads a careful vested rights, liberties, and control of their
path of innuendo, implication, and false institutions."
analogy,' it is left to the individual letter- Another resolution of the DAR with
writer usually anonymous to fill in the which I do not agree is-
blank spaces. One public spirited citi- The Federal courts are "usurping the rights
Zen wrote
You- Jew r powers of the legislatures of the several
ijp,._true tq.ifoxm, you attack States." The term "politicking" was hers
everything American s~loug with the Com- not
mine, but it is generally what I had in
n)pnists-to, promote the destruction of I also disagree with the DAR resolu- mind.
America and the fipal takeover, tion that the administration-
Let me try again. Several days ago I
You don't like the DAR because you never Through "subservience" to the United received from a member of the DAR in
could be eligible. Your. ancestors probably Nations has "permitted communism to be- good standing a Copy of a bulletin ap-
got here come entrenched 90 miles off our shore in
built this ,eountxy C
.11 uba,"' the pal ently circulated to all members by
And a friendl _ ostcar the National Defense Committee of the
, d There are other resolutions with DAR, stating in part:
If you are so stxgng for the commies, why which I disagree, but I do not disagree TEST BAN TREATY-STOP, Loon, AND LISTEN
don't (you) get yourself a passport and move with the DAR's right to pass the resolu- A test ban treaty has been regarded by its
over there . ,You are against everything that tions. I only disagree with their tax proponents as a first and necessary step to
scents against these birds and the word "patriotism" is a nausea to supported status. complete and total disarmament. This tril your nos- Evidently, ratification of the treaty must be considered
l. * * ! Why don't you get next to your- the precise nature of my Y
self and take a course in "Americanism" it objections was not entirely clear, at least as implied approval of "complete and total
might illiminate,_-(sic) your soul, if you have to Life Line. Life Line accused me of disarmament" with all i the consequent
one. dangers to America-including loss of ,over-
.r trying to silence the "voice of freedom." eignty and the ability to defend ourselves.
Anpther anonymous stalwart called it I said:
A very practical reason for opposing a test
"most unfortunate usthough I suspect The Constitution guarantees freedom of ban treaty is the risk that tactical training
he really meant to sa fortunate": Speer;,-, thankfully, but it does not guarantee for troops in handling and firing nuclear
That y "fortunate": that political propaganda shall be subsidized weapons would all but be ruled out.
you have exposed your role in the by tax concessions. * * * It is no doubt The great danger of this treaty
the
international, conspiracy to undermine the true that in a given instance the line between United States may be mousetra is that into
U,S Government, In the Jewish drive for in- education and political Peed into
socialisrr~ propaganda is a dif- unilateral disarmament,
terntional ficult while the Soviet
pne .to draw. Whatever the reasons Union makes itself invincible. Instead of
One n)ore thing, Mr. President. I think it is incumbent upon the tax service being a victory for the administration, as it
have apparently been shPresi to terminate, and with more than deliberate is now represented, it may well turn out to
g per- speed, the fraudulent use of the "educa- be a great catastrophe for all of America.
Ceptibly in the last few months. In- tional" exemption as a tax haven for parti- In view of the Soviet Union's entrenched
deed, I seem to have undergone a meta pan political propaganda, And I intend to position in Cuba and their long record of
No, 160-16
purpose of _ silencing political activity, but
merely for the purposes of eliminating the
tax-exemption subsidy.
Life Line also accused me of question-
ing the activities of the DAR because "it
has passed resolutions on public policy
with which she herself does not agree."
I said:
I have concentrated upon the propaganda
activities of the extreme rightwing. There
is no question that the same standards must
apply to tax-exemption abuses by leftwing
organizations. But to those who ask me why
I concentrate my fire upon the extreme right,
I answer that the flood of material which
inundates my office daily, rarely, if ever,
comes from the left,
Nonetheless, there will undoubtedly be
abuses by groups displaying all colors of
politicalpersuasion. And it should follow,
without comment, that any reforms insti-
tuted must be applied without regard to the
ideological position of the offender.
Perhaps I may be forgiven if I find it
difficult to translate my remarks into an
expose of my "role in the international
conspiracy." On the other hand, per-
haps there was a defect in the language
of my remarks. This particular speech
must have been very confusing, for the
very next day the president general of
the DAR indicated that she had not un-
derstood me at all. She wrote:
So far as the term "politicking" is con-
cerned, I am surprised at its use and am at
something of a loss to know just what is
meant inasmuch as the national society
maintains no lobby at National, State, or
local government levels, contributes to no
political party or candidates in any way,
initiates no legislation, and does not-as do
a number of organizations-even in its own
internal setup have any legislative chair-
men. Yes, the DAR, being interested in the
preservation and maintenance of our con-
stitutional Republic, does urge its members
as individual good American citizens to be
informed and to exercise the privilege of the
franchise and vote, but how one votes is
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18070 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE October 8
broken promises, it is incredible that such Governors' panel reviewed the problems' We have heard from Governor Rolvaag, our
a treaty should be even contemplated. If and opportunities from the State level. host, and from Governor Reynolds, of Wis-
you agree with the above, it is urgent that Four evening workshops were held on consin, and from Mr. Conboy, who represents
Governor Romney, of Michigan. They have
Senators by letter or telegraph opposing this
test ban treaty. Today the press reports
hearings are being held and that the treaty
may be voted on by the Senate this week.
During the past several weeks. Sane,
the National Committee for a Sane Nu-
clear Policy, has similarly been circulat-
ing a bulletin to its members and friends
stating in part:
Now IT's Up To 'rxa SENATE, AND You
A test ban treaty will put an end to wide-
spread radioactive fallout from nuclear test-
ing. Present and future generations will be
spared additional reproductive damage and
bone cancer. Little can be done about what
has already occurred.
The spread of nuclear weapons and their
development by new nations will be slowed,
reducing the chances of nuclear war.
But most important-the world will have
taken the first step to end the suicidal nu-
clear arms race.
By ratifying the treaty, the Senate can
make clear the will of the American people
to seek a just and lasting peace under hon-
orable and safeguarded agreements.
Write three letters and write them now.
One each to your Senators, and one to Presi-
dent Kennedy, Indicating In your owir words,
your support for the test ban agreement.
Mr. President, men and women of good
will are surely to be found In the camps
of those who oppose as well as those who
support ratification of the nuclear test
ban treaty. The DAR speaks for the
partisans of one camp. Sane speaks for
many of the partisans of the other. But
Sane must rely upon taxable dollars to
finance its activities, while the DAR en-
joys x it
policy of Congress that theh Treasury
shall be neutral in national political
debates.
I believe that steps must be taken to
insure the future neutrality of the
Treasury, and I am hopeful that under
the firm hand of Commissioner Caplin,
of the Internal Revenue Service, this
anomaly will not long continue. This Is,
and was, my point. It does not, I take
it, constitute treason.
the following subjects: made it clear that we can build on a founda-
First. The multiple-use management tion of solid beginnings in resource develop-
of the resources of the region; meat.
Second. Development of local initI'a- We knew before we came here of the prob-
tive for action and coordination between lems and needs of this three-State region.
related groups and locations; Over 9 percent of a work force of 560.000
Third. Solving land ownership and persona is unemployed today. The estimates
for this winter forecast an unemployment
governmental structure problems; rate of as high as 20 percent. I know the
Fourth. The place of outdoor recrea- problems of northern Minnesota Intimately,
Lion in the development of the region, and have felt them deeply. As Governor,
At the close of the conference, Secre- there was no problem that concerned me
tary of Agriculture Orville Freeman ad- more, nor any that received more attention.
dressed the group. He summarized the We built highways, and the high bridge. We
findings of the conference and outlined Invested heavily In higher educaton to ex-
pand the university branch at Duluth and
the work ahead. I believe his remarks to strengthen the junior colleges. State
will be of interest to all as an example parks were expanded. The port of Duluth
of how coordinated efforts can help peo- was built, giving Minnesota an ocean sea-
ple meet community and regional prob- port. Commercial peat operations began in
lems and provide new opportunities. volume. Conditions would be worse with-
I ask unanimous consent that the ad- out these efforts, but they serve only to
dress given by Secretary Freeman at the emphasize there is still much to be done.
Those unemployment statistics are not
closing session of the land and people just numbers, but people who want jobs, who
conference at the Hotel Duluth be print- want to work and cannot because there is no
ed In the RECORD at this point, place where they can find employment. We
There being no objection, the address must not rest until there is a job for every-
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, one. It will not be easy, but we are re-
as follows: solved, regardless of the difficulties, to reach
Tuz Joe AHEAD that goal.
(Address by Secretary of Agriculture Orville This region over the years has taken it on
It has
tL. Freeman at closing session of Land and been the a ~ in many ways. Hmaterials, storically and those
People Conference, Northern Great Lakes supplier raw plol-
R ion, at the Hotel Duluth, Duluth, resources
so have been depleted d through "unlimited tction so rapidly that the cries of "unlimited
Minn., September 25, 1983.) supplies of timber and iron ore" are cynical
I am greatly encouraged by the events of in retrospect. The Lake States region is 1o-
the past 2 days. They suggest that the work cated far from the population centers, and
we have done here is only the beginning of a the roads necessary for easy access have been
grassroots effort to build for the economic difficult to obtain.
expansion and growth of the Northern Lake But the people are tough and determined,
States region. and this makes the challenge that much
This conference has been constantly In more worth the effort. This region Is rich-
my thoughts for a over a year. it really ly endowed with resources. Its timber,
began during an airplane flight near the Jay though once despoiled for short-term gain
Cooke State park outside Chisholm early in by shortsighted people, now covers four-
1962. We were looking at part of the Su- fifths of Its land area. There are 27,000
perior National Forest and I realized as we lakes and over 3,000 trout streams-over 3
flew over the parks and forests-and the minion acres of water surface-for those who
farms, cities and lakes-that there were few seek outdoor recreation. This region serves
places in the world to equal this region. On a potential market of 50 million outdoor
trips all over this country and abroad over recreation seekers. Its mineral resources,
the past 2 years, I've seen many beautiful of which the richest have been stripped and
places, but none of them begins to match mined away, are being unlocked by science
the outdoor resources here. I've always felt and technology. These advances already
the Northern Lake States region is one of bave created new jobs, and soon will bring
the most beautiful in the world. But, on thousands more. The people of this region
that inepectidn flight, I suddenly realized are well educated, for they have always
that even I-who knew at so well-had un- placed a high premium on schools and col-
derestimated the beauty ? ` ? and the po- leges.
tential of this region for development of out- These facts have all been described in de-
door recreation. The promise of this region, tail In the "Resources and Recreation" report
I sew, extends not just to the people who which compiles research data that has been
live here, but to all Americans. developed to a number of Federal and State
At that moment, I flerepar a report Fo to to ask the resource studies. Each of you have a copy
ns In this area, this report, and I urge you to study it and
on rest and recreation
looking ng toward a conference of of State , and use it when you return home.
local people to begin n planning for an saga- The report provides a resource catalog as nixed development effort. You have the re- well as a guide to development opportuni-
port--which I commend to you highly--and ties which are available through multiple-use
now we are nearing the end of the beginning, conservation techniques. President Ken-
We have heard from many distinguished nedy last night indicated that multiple use
people-public servants. educators, business- means full employment of resources, for
men. bankers, executives, workers, and when resourcts interact one on the other,
housewives-who pledge their support to plan their uses multiply to a sum greater than
_aa..,., i ~_+n7 A m1I'd to the lob
DEVELOPMENT OF THE NORTHERN
LAKE STATES REGION
Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. President, a
Northern Lake States Regional Land and
People Conference was held In Duluth,
Minn., on September 24 and 25.
The conference was sponsored by the
Department of Agriculture. Some 1,200
local leaders from the 81 counties in
Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan,
which make up the region, participated
In the conference. Secretary Freeman,
State officials, and several of us from
the congressional delegations of the
three States also took part In the meet-
The main purpose of the conference together to develop the resour ahead, this concept can produce an explosion region. was to heal and consider the Judgment We heard President Kennedy can for of opportunity.
re l in the Norna Lake Stoo full employment of these abundant re- Now, judging from what I have heard this
regi on on aders o how to coarQina d te the efforrts the as a means of achieving full employ- morning. you have prepared an ambitious
of all groups, government and private, ment of people. And we are challenged by blueprint. But I think each of us know the job
ifficult, for There were panel discussions on area of the willingness Governmentt to the task wewe thetresults of thed work we do herea will that not
produce jobs tomorrow. If we have the will
problems from the local viewpoint. A undertake.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX October 8
"The potential is there If we can ever And
an occupant for the place."
The agency's tactics have been as ques-
tionable as its statistics, in a transparent
effort to embarrass the U.S. Chamber of
Commerce, ARA Issued a press release ex-
pressing deep appreciation to 600-odd cham-
ber officials for their, cooperation. Subse-
quent investigation by the doughty Mr.
Neilan disclosed that some of those named
were no longer In office, had never been In
office or stood flatly opposed to ARA and all
its works. The chamber of commerce has
also disclosed one case after another of
Government pressure on local officials to
embrace the program. Its "salesmen," says
Mr. Neilan, "are on the prowl all over the
country." So great has been their meal that
more than one flourishing community. to
its surprise and dismay and against Its will,
has found itself labeled a depressed area.
"Reckless misuse of public funds is bad
enough in Itself," observes Mr. Neilan. But
the moral implications are even worse when
the spenders resort to coercion to get the
money spent. Then it becomes more than
dishonesty. It's a matter of dividing the
people against each other, stirring up strife.
weakening community initiative and
morale."
It also happens to be a matter of riding
roughshod over anyone who gets in the
way. Over the soybean processor in Salis-
bury, Md., who, after borrowing $1.5 million
at going market rates to build a new plant
a few years ago, suddenly is faced with
the prospect of a subsidized rival. Over the
lumbermen at Happy Camp, Calif., who now
must compete with a federally financed mill.
Over the coal miners in Carbon County,
Utah, who will lose their jobs because ARA,
despite a glutted market, is reopening shut-
down pits. That is what Robin Hood al-
ways comes to in the end. In the words of
his first and most fiercely eloquent detractor,
novelist-philosopher Ayn Rand, "He is held
to be the first man who assumed a halo of
virtue by practicing charity with wealth
which he' did not own, by giving away goods
which he had not produced, by making oth-
ers pay for the luxury of his pity * ? '.
'Until men learn that of all human symbols,
Robin Hood is the most Immoral and the
most contemptible, there will be no justice
on earth." Let Congress, as it weighs the
future of ARA, ponder well.
Americans First
:iTEi4SION OF REMARKS
or
HON, ROBERT McCLORY
arols
or = =079
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, October 8, 1963
Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, a force-
ful editorial appeared in the Antioch
News, one of the leading newspapers in
my district published by Margaret E.
Gaston, in Its Issue of Thursday, Sep-
tember 15, 1963.
The editorial, which calls attention to
the unconscionable burden of taxation on
our private economy, commends my col-
league, Congressman HENRY SCHADEBERG,
who represents the 1st District of Wis-
consin which lies directly across the
State line from my 12th Congressional
District of Illinois Which I have the honor
to represent.
?< commend to my colleagues In the
Congress and to those enlightened citi-
zens throughout the Nation who review
the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD this signifi-
cant editorial:
AMERICANS FIRST
Congressman HENRY SCSADEBERG, Of Wi8-
consin. has reminded his constituents that
the $4.087,075,000 requested for foreign aid
next year represents an Involuntary gift
(tax) of approximately `100 for each family
of four In the United States.
SCHADEBMW also pointed out that since
the inception of the foreign aid program, the
American taxpayer has been relieved of a
total 01 $110 billion, which represents one-
third of our national debt.
President Kennedy has run into opposi-
tion on his request for foreign aid appro-
priation and has accused Republicans op-
posing it of party politics. Truth Is. one
doesn't have to be Republican to oppose for-
eign aid.
Presumably, we dispense these billions of
dollars in the hope of buying the friendship
and loyalty of the recipient nations.
No one has ever yet managed to buy friend-
ship and loyalty with money. No matter how
well Intentioned the philanthropist may be,
the object of his charity Invariably and in-
stinctively responds with dislike and resent-
ment. No matter bow pure the motives of
the giver or how grateful the receiver, the
free and mutual enjoyment of friendship is
impossible under such conditions.
Nations are, after all, only a great many
separate people. And those people react the
same as we do. You can't buy their friend-
ship, singly or In groups. Uncle Sam has
tried, long enough. It hasn't worked.
It someone wishes to Insist that we're not
trying to buy friendship-that we dispense
these billions because we're a rich nation
who must aid the less fortunate, then foreign
aid should be cut off at once. Charity begins
at home. When we have no hungry people
left in our own country; when we have no
mental patients left rotting in institutions
for lack of money for proper treatment;
when every person in our country has access
to the best education he can utilize; when
we aren't paying out money for taxes that
should be going in to the care of our chil-
dren's teeth, or medical treatment; time
enough, then, to start thinking of helping
others.
Our best propaganda. in tact, has been
accomplished by private enterprise and or-
ganizations. 11 they make a mistake, there
we no political repereusetons. And there is
no need for them to give undue weight to
political considerations in reaching decl-
slone.
The burden of taxes In the United States
is strangling personal initiative, the one force
that has made this a great country. Foreign
aid seems one of the very beat places to
start reducing the Nation's expenditures.
We don't have to be isolationists to believe
in Americans first.
U.S. Policies Fail To Stem Communist
Advance in Latin America
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
HON. JOHN R. PILLION
07 NEW YOaw
IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, October 8, 1963
Mr. PILLION. Mr. Speaker, recent
events in a number of Latin American
nations have underscored the failure of
the U.S. policies and programs to effec-
tively engage and counter the forces of
international communism.
In a recent article, appearing in the
Register, Father Juan M. Dorta-Duque,
S.J., expresses his views on the failure of
the materialistic policies of the United
States to successfully stem the spread of
communism in Latin America.
This article was brought to my atten-
tion by Mr. James Moran, of Buffalo,
N.Y., who has unselfishly devoted so
much of his time to educating the citi-
zens of the Buffalo community on the
techniques, strategies, and objectives of
the Communist Parties and their millions
of fellow travelers and associated sym-
pathizers:
The article follows:
FULL STOMACH Nor ENOUGH
Providing themeans for full stomachs for
the people of Latin Americais not, in itself,
going to save the continent from commu-
nism.
That Is the opinion of Father Juan M.
Dorta-Duque, S.J.. In the United States to
conduct a special institute on communism
at St. Louis University. Father Dorta-Duque
once was jailed by Fidel Castro for being "an
enemy of the revolution."
The priest warned that the materialistic
outlook of many Americans Is having an ad-
verse effect on Latin Americans.
"If you In this country offer Latin Ameri-
cans only a better material life, you will b2
helping communism," he said. "If you ex-
cite the appetites for material things which
you cannot give them, they will turn to com-
munism."
He objected to some films, exported from
the United States to Latin America. These
films, shown in Latin America but without
the deletions U.S. censors require, portray an
immoral way of dress and conduct which Is
imitated by some Latin Americans, he said.
Middle-class people are shocked by the
indecencies in the films and some compare
them to exports from Russian countries-
which usually portray a more moral standard
of conduct, while laden with Communist
propaganda, he said.
"The only way to combat communism in
Latin America is on the ideological level-
with Ideas," he said. "If you give Latin
America material goods-roads, houses, trac-
tors-without ideas of a Christian social
structure-they will be used against you."
Father Dorta-Duque said he was neither
optimistic nor pessimistic about the chances
of saving Latin America from the Commu-
nists.
"I'm a realist," he said. "One has to face
the facts as they are. Latin America is
going to have leaders, and If they are not
educated In Christian principles they will be
educated in Communist ones. It's a tough
problem. But we have to start doing some-
thing-because in every age of men, men can
change the world."
Bad News V`
HON. J. ARTHUR YOUNGER
07 CALIFORNIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, October 8, 1963
Mr. YOUNGER. Mr. Speaker, when
the Washington Post editorially criticizes
any act of the State Department, one
must assume that the directive or regu-
lation must be terrible in the extreme.
The attached editorial, which speaks for
itself, appeared in the Post on October
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 ' 1 963
r.rr.?,. ?CO1GiSSIOlVAf.~C~f tr1~5~ .., A6295
'1 in regard to the State Department's
eff0two control the news out of South
Vietnam;
BAD NEWS
'the U.0, Ggvernn tint's prompt and vigor=
ous protest against the outrageous attack of
South Vietnam, police on three American
newsmen 'should be,_folfowed up until there
Is satisfactory assurance that this brutal'
Interference with the Press will not be
repeated.
Reporters in South ' Vietnam have had a'
hard time. They have had the unpleasant
task of reporting unwelcome news. They
have been criticized for it by their own Gov-
ernment and even by some partisans of the
Diem regime In their own craft. They have
been obstructed at every turn in a situation
where the natural olstructioris already were
'formidable. They have persevered in spite
of it, and have managed to convey to the
templates providing economic aid to an ideo-
logical enemy who has vowed to bury us
economically.
"The longshoremen in the United States
would probably gain more money in wages
than any other American working man if
the United States decided to trade with
Russia. Nevertheless, the longshore-
men * * * are not interested In any of the
so-called easy money, and are going to object
vigorously to loading any such cargo."
That says it.
Mingo County, W. Va., Named After
Indian Tribe
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ROBERT C. BYRD
scan people :never would have been able to
obtain from the Diem government `or from
their own officials.
The State Department itself, until quite
recently, seemed to be obsessed with the
idea that the news out of South Vietnam had
to be good 'news. "Information officials in
South Vietnam, early in -"1962 were warned
by the State Department that news stories"
which criticize the ,Diem government could-
not. be forbidden but that they "only in-
crease the difficultiessof theUS job." They
were told to advise newsmen that"trifling
or thoughtless criticism of the Diem govern
ment would?make It difficult to maintain
cooperation." And. they were advised thaf
"newpinen should` riot be -transported on
military activities of the type that are likely
to result in undesirable stories." A House
Cox) tee succeeded in getting these ex
traordinary "guidelines' rescinded only last
month They reflected an all too common
frame of mint about `bad news ' from South
Vietnam., It is a good thing we are over'
this particular jhase_ of odicial stupidity:
The 4mercan people need to have the
truth abou.'South, Vietnam `arid about Its
Government. They are sup ortin, a"military
operation there to check mmunist aggres-
sion'in southeast Asia. This Is a matter of
such importance that we may have to per-
severe in It,.despite distaste for the Diem
government. Nevertheless, Americans (In 'or
out of governlnentare under "no compulsion
of duty or responsibility to conceal the de-
fects of this incompetent, corrupt, and mis-
guided family tyranny. Reporters, thank
goodness, have been in no confusion about
their duty and responsibility from the be-
ginning. By their a_ ccurate reporting they
have vindicated the best traditions of press
freedom.
of
HON KL E MUNT
1 1- . 71
IN THE SENATE OF I iTE UNITED STATE
Tu ssfa ,OOctober 9 196,
Mr, MA' ,11 liresl~lgnt', an in=
teresting ormatlve column b-y Vic-
tor Riesel emit `Profit Loses to
Patriotism" appeared in Friday's issue
of the New `fork TvXirror an d other papers
using Mr. Riesel's widely syndicated
06111 Itzlz3cxlthe careful readin of
Senators as viell as admtni ,ration lead-
ers who appear to be toying with the
OF WEST VIRGINIA
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Tuesday, October 8, 1963
Mr. BYRD of West Virginia. Mr.
President, Mingo County, the last county
to be formed in West Virginia, was
named after an Indian tribe, according
to a recent article in the Charleston
(W. Va.) Gazette-Mail. Originally a
part of Logan County, Mingo was created
in 1895, when an extension of the rail-
road brought an influx of trade and
settlers to the southwest portion of 'the
Mountain State.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that this article be printed in the
Appendix of the RECORD.
There being no objection, the article
was ordered to be printed in the Appen-
dix of the RECORD, as follows:
MINGO WAS THE LAST COUNTY FORMED
On June 20, 1863, West Virginia separated
from the mother State of Virginia. The new
State was called West Virginia, after much
discussion, and then this area was called
Logan County.
Williamson, the county seat of Mingo, was
incorporatedin 1892 while Mingo was still
a part of Logan County. In 1776, this sec-
tion was part of Montgomery County, Va.,
but in 1824 it was changed to Logan County
and remained so until 1895 when Mingo
County was separated from Logan County.
The bill to sever Mingo from Logan County
was actually passed on June 20, 1894, but
was held up until March 1895, because of
some discussion, according to information
received from a relative of Dr. Sidney Law-
_son (now deceased), of Logan, who was then
a member of the legislature.
Mingo County is 423.5 square miles. When
the railroad began coming through here and
with coal mines opening all along Tug River,
Wallace J. Williamson, whose farm was lo-
cated in the area now covered by the city
of Williamson, decided that what is now
Mingo County should no longer be a part
of Logan County. With the railroad run-
ning down Tug River and business increas-
ing rapidly, and the barrier at Guyan Ridge
almost impassable, this was a sane and
practical idea.
Wells Goodykoontz came to this area about
this time, and with Wallace J. Williamson,
a Democrat leader and Goodykoontz, a Re-
publican leader, and both in favor of the
decision, it should have been simple, but
some political trading had to be done first.
James Hughes, a Republican, was leader
of the State senate at the time, and in fact
leader of the whole legislature of West Vir-
ginia, so In order to have the bill passed
severing Mingo County from Logan County,
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temptation to. use Executive authority
to process a wheat sale to Russia with-
out permitting the Congress to consider
its ramifications or its merits.
The fact that the International Long-
shoremen's Association is reluctant to
participate in shipping supplies designed
to bail out the Communist economy and
to strengthen the hand of Red Russia
provides additional argument in support
of the efforts of Senator DODD, of Con-
necticut, and other Senators to have a
Senate committee consider all of the
facts and factors involved and to secure
congressional approval or disapproval
before a_major department in our Amer-
ican foreign policy is initiated by White
House decree.
I ask unanimous consent that the
Riesel column be printed in the Appendix
There being no objection, the column
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
P4 follows;
PROFIT LOSES TO PATRIOTISM
(By Victor Reisel)
The decision of the President of the United
States to sell American wheat to the Com-
m'iunist world will not be sufficient to assure
the flow of the foodstuff to Iron Curtain
'ports. A second decision must be made by
the president and other officers of the In-
ternational Longshoremen's Association
(ILA).
On Monday, September 30, shortly past
`hbon, Secretary Hodges telephoned Ted Glea-
ton, ILA president. Hodges asked the union
chief, who was in his New York national
headquarters, whether the longshoremen
'would boycott the Communist-bound cargo.
The Secretary of Commerce said he would
see President Kennedy shortly. Hodges
wanted to know what to tell Mr. Kennedy.
`Gleason replied that he alone could not
set policy. If President Kennedy person-
mally requested the longshoremen to aban-
don their boycott, Gleason promised to sum-
mon the union's executive board-represen-
-2tatives from all major ports from New Eng-
-land to the Gulf of Mexico.
, ? Gleason said the longshoremen are en-
-titled to their own views on feeding eco-
-nomically chaotic Russia. He hoped that
-none of the wheat which the longshoremen
might load would find its way to Cuba. Sec-
-retary Hodges listened and replied unen-
-thused that he would pass all this oil to the
President.
The longshoremen feel that they are being
pressured into an abandonment of a tradi-
tional policy which they have backed up with
-more than pious anti-Communist words.
They believe they have lost over $50 mil-
Mon iuwages, over the past decade by refus-
zing to`load or unload imports from the Com=
munist world and from America to the Iron
curtain, and by boycotting any shipping
company which permits one of its freighters
or passenger vesselsto call on Cuba.
If the ILA should decide to boycott the
wheat shipments, the pressure on the union
5V`ould be enormous. Already the White
House has talked to national labor leaders
who have influence on the waterfront.
.;Under. Secretary of State Averell Harriman
has lac gt lead one long conversation with
'a prominent labor representative.
But, if the,_ longshoremen do agree to load
the wheat, they could not logically refuse to
handle other Communist-bound cargo. How
they feel about this is reflected in a telegram
'they dispatched on September 26 to Mr.
-Hodges and other Cabinet members. They
said :
"ILA urgently requests that you reject any
proposal to sell U.S. wheat to Russia. The
membership and officials of this union are
baffled as to why our Government even con-
 A6296 Approved F r ~.l St(.)N-AL0/1~& DPJ ~ JR000200170013-0 October 8
W. J. Williamson, agreed to permit Hughes
to name the first sheriff of the county, or
at least agreed to not oppose his choice,
so the bill passed and N. J. Keadle was named
the first sheriff.
When all arrangements were made W. A.
Lee, an engineer, surveyed the line and fixed
it where it Is today. By referring to a map
it is easy to understand why he should take
the Guyan Ridge from the Wayne County
border, but you may wonder why he failed
to keep the ridge to the McDowell County
line. Here the peculiar topography of the
territory decided the line.
Mingo County was named for the tribe of
Indians of which Logan was chief.
The county seat was named for Benjamin
F. Williamson, the father of Wallace, and not
for Wallace himself as many people mis-
takenly believe.
The first school in Williamson was a log
cabin, and was built In the area where the
A. & P. Super Market now stands. J. F.
Keyser, was the only teacher In that first
school. The first commencement exercises
from high school level were held in William-
son in 1910, when the school was a 3-year
course. The first graduates were Miss Mary
Belle Culross, a recently retired teacher, and
Okey P. Keadle, now deceased, but who was
an attorney at law.
The first newspaper was published by
Thomas B. Garner and his wife. It was a
weekly, called the Williamson Enterprise.
Mingo County has had a lot of publicity
during its short life, the Hatfield and McCoy
feud mostly took place around Matewan, and
then of course there was themine war and
the infamous Mother Jones who while she
didn't live in Mingo County, sure came here
and let everyone know she'd been here.
The Tug Valley Chamber of Commerce
is housed in a building made out of coal
mined from local mines, and honoring the
business which made this once a thriving
county, and now sadly enough machinery
has replaced the men to the extent no one
knows that to expect next.
Mingo was the last county formed in the
state, and may be the smallest, but she's
done her bit to contribute to the colorful
ahchev isn't serious when be says he is go-
ing to bury us; that a free society Is not
threatened by a totalitarian society, bated
on a state-owned Industry and a state mo-
nopoly of foreign trade, and committed to
world revolution.
If we are wrng on that point, we are very
wrong Indeed.-- Because then this wheat
that we and our friends are sending them.
the machines and chemicals, tools and ships
that will follow soon enough now that the
door is opening-that started flowing from
our friends some while ago-cannot have
any other effect than to strengthen the hand
of an enemy that he may the more surely
slay us. What is the meaning of the cur-
rent Soviet wheat shortage that their Gov-
ernment is so frantically striving to fill?
(We may be sure, In parsing, that the short-
age does not extend to the vast war reserves
that the Communists have always assigned
an absolute priority over stomachs.) This
shortage is the expression of the silent but
persistent and wonderfully effective resist-
ance of the peasants to communism. It
amounts to a general strike of the peasantry,
perhaps the major obstacle on the Com-
munists' road to the completion of the rev-
olution. They are held back from conquer-
ing the world because they cannot conquer
the farmers and peasants In the regions they
have already seized. We now arrive as the
strikebreakers, enabling the regime to
breathe more freely, to redirect into the
arms-supporting industries the energies
drained-as Khrushchev quite frankly ad-
mits-by "the peasant problem."
Khrushchev isn't, going to have much
trouble burying us If we are determined to
prove Marx right when he predicted that.
from the nature of capitalism and the profit
motive, we Will Inevitably dig our own
graves.
Mutual Use Program
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
HON. WALT HORAN
OF WASHINGTON
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, October 8, 1963
Mr. HORAN. Mr. Speaker, thanks for
the privilege to include this editorial
from the Waterville Empire-Press,
Waterville, Wash., which deals with the
use, abuse or un-use of so large an
amount of our great western reserves
that so badly need the mutual use pur-
pose which has been enacted into law.
These great areas need everyone's seri-
ous consideration. Even the competi-
tive market position of our slow growth
western forests Is widely involved:
Tux WlLDsaNrss BILLr-Locarxa Up Tnz
Hirai CAscADxs
This week the Sierra Club of California is
holding an exhibit of fine photographs at
the Bright Moon Restaurant in East Wen-
atchee. The superb pictures of the high
cascades area of this State and Oregon do
justice to the magnificent scenery a trail
ride or backpack trip reveals to the visitor.
The subtle message the exhibit carries is
that this is unspoiled nature that must be
preserved foe posterity. It Is a pleafor the
wilderness bill now pending in Congress that
would lock up the high Cascades country to
an but a select few--including members of
the Sierra Club.
As the high Cascades deer hunt is about
to start, all this focuses attention on the
feasibility of locking up the Cascades from
those who get pleasure from hiking and
trail riding in this area. This writer recent-
ly took a 3-day 45-mile trip with trail riders
into this area which borders on the restricted
wilderness area. What impressed us' most
was the fine work the U.S. Forest Seri ice has
done on the trails, providing forage for
horses, building recreational facilities for
backpackers and trail riders, We were im-
pressed with the timber that needs harvest-
ing by selective cutting. We became aware
of the delicate balance between the uses of
the forest for industry and recreation with
at the same time preserving its natural
beauty.
One fact the wilderness area zealots must
keep in mind. These trails are built and
maintained by the moneys paid by private
enterprise for timber. Ten percent of what
is derived in timber sales to Forest Service
go to trail and road building and mainte-
nance. In other words, If the Cascades is
locked up and horses, tote goats eliminated,
the rest of us taxpayers will have to pick
up all the cost of maintaining these trails
for the Sierra Club and such sportsmen
organizations.
Another disadvantage of locking up the
Cascades is that it will mean the loss of
mature timber that should be cut by se-
lective cutting program for industry. Then
there's the danger of fire-who will build
the access roads for fire crews?
The principal weakness of the wilderness
bill Is that It takes tax property off the rolls
and passes on the costs to the rest of us for
the benefit of the few. The counties lose
the distribution of tax money from sale of
Federal Forest Service lands. And we think
these primitive and wilderness areas violate
the principles of our Republic. Natural re-
sources should be used for the benefit of all
the people, not just the select few. This
encroachment of our rights should be%re-
sisted by all communities and counties in
the State. It should be resisted especially
by the sportsmen-the fishermen and hunt-
ers among our people who derive so much
pleasure from the high Cascades area.
Show Business and Civil Rights-Non-
violence in Birmingham
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
Sale of Wheat to Russia
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
O!
HON. CHARLES B. HOEVEN
07 IowA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, October 8, 1962
Mr. HOEVEN. Mr. Speaker, under
leave to extend my remarks In the REC-
ORD, I include the following article from
the National Review Bulletin of Octo-
ber 15, 1963:
Granted one initial premise, It all follows
logically enough. When the Canadians get
X million selling them their wheat, and when
the Australians get Y million selling theirs,
why shouldn't we Americans get in on the
deal? If we don't supply It, they'll get their
wheat anyway from the other producers,
won't they? And we've got our mountainous
surplusand our shaky dollar to add special
motives to the normal-isn't it normal?-
wish of a man to find a market for his prod-
ucts. When Britain sends them chemical
plants and Italy sends them steel pipe and
West Germany sends them locomotives,
what sense does It make for us to be so
nice-Nellie?
Yes, it's all logical enough if we're sure,
quite sure, of just one point; that Khru-
HON. JACOB K. JAVITS
Or NEW YORK
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Tuesday, October 8, 1963
Mr. DAVITS. Mr. President, in Au-
gust a very heartening, but little-pub-
licized event took place in Birmingham,
Ala., that city of so much violence and
danger for those engaged in the civil
rights movement.
On August 4 the American Guild of
Variety Artists, under the determined
leadership of Joey Adams, its president,
held a highly successful nonsegregated
variety show entitled "Salute to Free-
dom," the proceeds of which were used
to help defray expenses of the great civil
rights march which took place here in
Washington on August 28. The story of
the show, given by a large mixed cast of
performers and attended by a mixed
audience of 22,000, is an inspiring testi-
mdnial to human dignity, just as was the
march which it helped to support.
I ask unanimous consent that au arti-
cle on the show, in the August 10 issue
of the weekly Show Business, be printed
In the RECORD at this point In my re-
marks. '
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