INDEPENDENCE DAY OF VIETNAM

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP65B00383R000200170019-4
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 2
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 24, 2003
• Sequence Number: 19
• Publication Date: October 24, 1963
• Content Type: OPEN

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1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
in both Japan and the United States have de-
veloped exchange agreements in these areas
which are functioning smoothly, which are
productive and which hold great promise for
the future.
In terms of numbers of sets and the per-
centage of population covered by them, the
United States and Japan are the two largest
television nations in the World. I think it
is entirely fitting that we should share our
programs, our personnel, and our expertise.
Moreover, the impact of these programs is
bound to be wholly constructive. In the his-
tory of Japanese-American relations perhaps
no other exchange will, in the long run, con-
tribute as much towards bringing about the
mutual understanding and respect of our
peoples.
As I see it, the challenge of this confer-
ence is to point the way toward overcoming
the obstacles to a comparable. exchange in
the educational television field. There are
obvious reasons for these problems, and it is
just as obvious that this conference will be
helpful in solving them.
One of the basic problems from the point
of view of the United States is that educa-
tional- television here is just getting or-
ganized. It is plagued and frustrated by
serious growing pains-lack of programing
and lack of financial support, for example.
These problems undoubtedly have partly ac-
counted for the shortage of educational pro-
graming suitable for export, and also for the
lack of information on what is available.
Other factors, perhaps, account for the same
dilemma in Japan. But in both cases we
know that educational television program-
ing has been available for export, and also
that no significant exchange of programing
has taken place. The obstacles which have
prevented this exchange will continue to do
so unless they are identified and eliminated.
Interestingly, both the Japanese study group
and the American study group identified al-
most exactly the same roadblocks. And in-
terestingly also, in no case do any of these
present any impediment to the exchange of
commercial television between our two na-
tions.
To expedite the deliberations of this con-
ference I have been asked to "list and de-
scribe the obstacles, to exchange" and then
to "make succinct recommendations that
will be meaningful to the delegates * * *
and to those able to act upon these recom-
mendations." In my attempt to do so I
hope that the distinguished delegates will
not hesitate to criticize any suggestions I
.might offer. Only through free and unin-
hibited exchange of opinion are we likely to
find the answers to the problems confronting
us.
1. Both study groups suggest the estab-
lishment of a permanent clearinghouse in
each country whose function would be to
focus on educational television exchange
problems. The clearinghouses would be
assigned the tasks of overcoming existing
obstacles to educational television exchange
in their respective countries and to promot-
ing greater exchange. They would, for ex-
ample, prepare a catalog of available edu-
cational television programing, assist in the
development of personnel exchange pro-
grams,,and provide translation and research
services; and they would, of course, main-
tain close liaison with each other.
Recommendation: This threshold recom-
mendation appears eminently sound and I
urge this Conference to agree in principle
that each of the two nations establish such
a clearinghouse. The organization and
financing of the two agencies should rest,
of course, entirely with the broadcasters of
each country and not with this Conference.
As a matter of information to both delega-
tions, however, I recommend to the Ameri-
can delegation that it request National Edu-
cational Television to organize, staff, and
operate, under its auspices, the U.S. clearing-
house.
2. Both study groups also identified the
following as serious problems:
A. Lack of knowledge of educational tele-
vision programs available in Japan for
broadcast in the United States and vice
versa;
B. The complexity of custom regulations
and brokerage arrangements;
C. The complexity of copyright clearance
procedures;
D. The cost of dubbing and substituting;
E. The lack of information on Japanese
and American audience reaction, particu-
larly school audiences; and
F. The shortage of translations of papers
bearing on technical and research problems.
Recommendation: None of these prob-
lems-as difficult as they may appear-is in-
surmountable. They have all been faced
and, generally speaking, satisfactorily solved
by commercial broadcasters. It is recom-
mended that they be surveyed in Japan and
in the United States by groups commissioned
by the respective clearinghouses. These
groups should be composed of individuals
representing both public and private organ-
izations which have responsibilities in the
specific problem areas. In the United
States, for example, such organizations as
the National Association of Broadcasters, the
Television Program Export Association, the
Customs Bureau, the several television pro-
graming exporters, the National Educa-
tion Association, educational foundations
and other groups would, I am confident, be
most willing to bring their experience and
competence to bear upon the existing ob-
stacles to a greater and more productive pro-
gram exchange.
Thank you for your considerate attention.
Independence Day of Vietna>
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
HON. ADAM C. POWELL
OF NEW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, October 24, 1963
Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, on Oc-
tober 26 the Republic of Vietnam will
celebrate the ninth anniversary of her
independence. On this auspicious occa-
sion, we wish to take this opportunity
to send warm felicitations to His Excel-
lency, the President, Ngo Dinh Diem;
and His Excellency the Vietnamese Am-
bassador to the United States, Do Vang
Ly.
At the Geneva Conference in the sum-
mer of 1954 Vietnam was partitioned
along the 17th parallel. At that time,
Western observers gave South Vietnam to salute them on the anniversary o~
almost no chance of withstanding they their country's independence,
l_
challenge of Communist No
th Vi
t
r
e
nam.
I think it is worthwhile remembering
this fact at a time when-our thoughts
on South Vietnam are filled with doubts
and apprehension.
The situation that faced South Viet-
nam after the Geneva Conference was
filled with many difficulties. The years
of war had destroyed almost all trans-
portation and communication, and the
econmy of the country had come to a
virtual standstill. Political power was
in the grip of the armed Cao Dal and
Hoa Hao religious sects, the Binh Xuyen
crime syndicate, and a number of other
organized groups intent upon obstruct-
ing the development of a strong govern-
A6631
ment at Saigon. There was the national
army, but the soldiers were demoralized
by recent military defeat and the very
loyalty of the army was uncertain. An-
other major problem was the influx of
more than 800,000 destitute refugees who
had abandoned all they possessed in the
north and fled southward from com-
munism. On the credit side, South Viet-
nam's- important assets were the firm
leadership of Mr. Ngo Dinh Diem, the
patriotism of the Vietnamese people, and
the backing of the United States.
The independence of South Vietnam
was officially proclaimed on October 26,
1954, but this event did not really alter
the anticipation of a Communist take-
over. It was considered only a question
of time before the unstable south fell
into the clutches of the Communists of
North Vietman. Mr. Speaker, it happens
that South Vietnam will celerbate the
ninth anniversary of its independence.
It means that for almost a decade now
the Government and people of South
Vietnam have- been solving many of the
problems that once threatened to de-
stroy the country. Above all, it means
that they have been successfully resist-
ing the Communist attempts at aggres-
sion and subversion. It has been a long
and terrible struggle, with a heavy toll
in ravaged crops, confiscated livestock,
burned homes, misery and death.
Since the Communists opened their
all-out attack on South Vietnam, our
country has increased both military and
economic assistance and has repeatedly
stated its determination to help the
Vietnamese defend themselves. The
United States sees the Communist at-
tempt to conquer South Vietnam as a
threat to our own security, because a
Communist victory there might lead
many people to believe that- communism
is in fact the wave of the future. The
defeat of South Vietnam would increase
the difficulty of defending the rest of
southeast Asia and place in jeopardy the
independent development of all free As-
ian countries.
The people of South Vietnam and their
government have fought bravely against
Communist aggression and subversion,
and they have shown the world again
that it is possible to stand up to the
forces of communism. There are few
people in the world today who have had
to fight so steadfastly to preserve their
freedom and independence as those who
live in South Vietnam. They deserve our
H. M. Baggarly, Outstanding Editor,
Writes of Current Problems in Our
Democracy
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. RALPH YARBOROUGH
OF TEXAS
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Thursday, October 24, 1963
Mr. YARBOROUGH. Mr. President,
H. M. Baggarly, famous Texas editor of
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A6632 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
the Tulia Herald, has written a discern- perous working force. Business prosperity
tag column discussing a facet of news and mass unemployment can't coexist.
management which is most Interesting. prog business lea u. plagued with a far-
away Mr. Beggarly, whose newspaper writings away look. They long for the day they can
have won him numerous awards, and who turn labor out to pasture and replace it with
perhaps is the most quoted member of machines. This is a reasonable reaction If
his profession by other Texas editors, we prefer to look no farther than the end
presents here a column deserving of the of our noses. But the only catch is this,
most careful study. I ask unanimous with labor on relief, who is going to buy
consent that the column entitled '"The what the merchant has to sell? We haven't
Country Editor" by this distinguished, heard of many shopping booms where
award-winning Texas newsman from laborers attempt to live off $25 a week un-
employment checks.
the Thursday, October 10,'1963, edition As much as we would like to have high
of the Tulia Herald be printed in the sales and low overhead, such a situation can-
Appendix of the RECORD. not be had.
There being no objection, the column There Is also a connection. Indirect If not
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, direct, between high taxes and prosperity.
as follows: That is to say that It the factors which
brought about high taxes had been bypassed
(By H. M. Baggarly) or evaded, not faced, then we might not be
A vice president of the National Broad- enjoying the prosperity which Is ours today.
casting Co? in our office recently, voiced For example, had the administrations of
alarm and Almost cynicism as we discussed the past 30 years Ignored the agricultural
the "managed news" which is dispensed by problem, refused to consider any kind of an
the big dailies and their radio and TV voices. agricultural program, we might have saved
But he believes the readers are as much to a few tax dollars, but In saving these tax
blame as are publishers with axes to grind. dollars. what would have happened to the
The public seldom if ever demands "both farmer?
sides of the story" from a newspaper or As we have pointed out more than once,
radio-TV network. It only demands the what counts Isn't our gross pay, our taxes,
side It wants to hear, ammunition for its the size of our paycheck. It means nothing
cause. - to compare the number of dollars we earned
it is alarming to learn that most of the in 1933 with the number we earned in 1963.
mall to news dispensing agencies Isn't a re- It means nothing to compare the taxes we
quest for knowledge and information-it is paid in 1933 with those paid in 1963.
a demand that news be withheld, that a com- The only thing that counts is the relative
mentator be put off the air, that a columnist buying power of these dollars that are left
be dropped from a paper. after taxes which we call our standard of
Is this the American way? living.
Is It American to demand that a radio The fact Is, the dollars we have left in
dtation drop a religious broadcast of another 1963 are providing us the highest standard
with? Is It American to demand that men of living any nation has enjoyed in the his-
of the stature of Chet Huntley be dropped Cory of the world. And from an economic
from a television network? Is itAmerican standpoint, that is the only thing that
to threaten to withhold patronage from a counts.
merchant in an effort to get that merchant But we'll always have those dear souls
to withhold advertising from a news medium who want 1963 Income and 1933 taxes, who
that carries columnists or commentators want what they call a dollar worth a dollar
one doesn't like? and not 59 cents but they want that dollar
$ a democracy, expression of opinion In the quantity that dollars are available in
should never be curbed. As much as we 1963, not in 1933. We'll always have those
would like to do something about the dis- precious souls who want their cake and eat
semination of false Information and slanted it too. Who want to dance without paying
news, still this Isn't advisable since in our the piper.
efforts to dig out a few weeds, we will In- And a few of these souls would like to-have
advertently dig up some of the flowers too. a price for their grain which only an effective
Americans, must understand that this Government-farm program could guarantee.
Sword Is two-edged. Things have a way but raise this grain in unlimited quantities.
of backfiring. If we pass a law to dtserim- How any American could justify attempts
irate against the Catholics, then that same in a democracy to deliberately discourage
law may be used to discriminate against Prot- large numbers of our citizens from voting
its next week. If we seek to ban an is difficult to understand. These efforts to
Usipop1i1ar and minority religious sect to. preserve Government by minority smack of
day, that precedent may be used to ban our medieval Europe when the prevailing phi-
own religion tomorrow. The noose we weave losophy was that the masses are incapable of
to bang out enemy may be used to hang our- governing themselves. They must instead
selves. have the "sound and conservative" leader-
If we demand Protestant religious exec- ship of the handful of uncommon men.
class In our schools today, tomorrow the This philosophy sprang up in-this coun-
required exercises may be Catholic. If we try from the very beginning. It was in
-want a newspaper column deleted because America that politicians advocated that only
we don't agree with its author, that same landowners be allowed to vote. It was in
precedent may be used to delete our favorite America that a Dallas billionaire suggested
column next time, that a man should be given not one but a
Human nature never changes, whether a number of votes, the number to be deter-
person is 8 or 90. The 8-year-old school boy mined by his wealth. (Since that man is a
would like to have a 12-month vacation each member of the First Baptist Church In Dal
year and no school. He would like to have ' las, we wonder why he doesn't advocate the
all dessert and no vegetables. same principle In determining church policy.
The young housewife would like to have For Instance. If a pastor was to be called.
lots of time for club work and bridge parties Brother Hunt could have perhaps 100 votes,
and a minimum of housework and dish while the dollar-a-Sunday student would
washing. get only I vote. Or If the church wanted to
The conservative businessman would like vote on integration of its membership, some-
to have -good business, high profits, low thing Brother Hunt vigorously opposes, he
wages to pay, and low taxes, could say "no" a hundred times instead of
Man wants to have his cake and eat it too. Just once.)
What he never seems to learn is that we can't It is admitted that some people are better
divorce high business profits from a pros- qualified to cast a vote than others, but
October 24
these qualifications are not necessarily based
on whether or not one has paid a poll tax.
We know political illiterates who never fail
to pay a poll tax and vote. And we know
intelligent citizens whose chief sin is In-
ability to support a family of five on $60
a week. With grocery bills, doctors bills,
hospital bills, and a hundred other bills all
staring them in the face, they pass up that
$3.50 poll tax which seems to be the only
bill they can dodge.
But with all its alleged drawbacks, we
have yet to find a better way to govern our-
selves than rule by the majority.
Of course we seldom hear any complaint
of so-called bloc voting unless the bloc votes
against us. So It it that no- votes are "dirty"
unless they aren't ours.
H.R. 333, a Bill To Lift Antitrust
Immunities From Labor Organizations
OF
HON. DAVE
MARTIN
OF NEEAASKA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, October 24, 1963
Mr. MARTIN of Nebraska. Mr.
Speaker, I have been receiving a good
deal of mail lately concerning H.R. 333,
a bi l which amends the Sherman Act.
Clayton Act, Norris-LaGuardia Act, and
Taft-Hartley Act so as to lift antitrust
immunities from labor organizations.
By far the great majority of these let-
ters have been in support of this bill.
Yet I have received other letters which
condemn this bill and similar attempts
to curb union monopoly power. These
letters reveal certain misconceptions
about the nature and effect of my bill.
First of all, my bill would not elimi-
nate health and welfare benefits or pen-
sion plans. International unions and
brotherhoods could continue to admin-
ister such plans, providing, of course,
that these benefits could not be with-
held as a lever to regain control of col-
lective bargaining activities. If the
large national and international unions
did not see fit to continue these benefit
and pension plans, they could be taken
over and administered by the local
unions on the basis of contributions re-
ceived from local members. All benefit,
pension, and strike funds must come
ultimately from the local union member
anyway, and if these contributions went
no further than the local union, there is
less likelihood that they would be di-
verted to pay for marble palaces in
Washington and black Cadillacs for
union leaders.
By the same token, sick leave pay,
vacation pay, and overtime pay would
not be eliminated. These and other is-
sues would be negotiated by the unions
with each individual company, neither
having an unfair advantage in size or
power over the other.
It is further charged that H.R. 333
would destroy craft unions, replacing
them by industrial unions. This is not
true. The Landrum-Griffin Act specifi-
cally states:
It shall not be an unfair labor practice
under subsections (a) and (b) of this section
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