MODERNIZATION OF THE IMMIGRATION LAWS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP65B00383R000200190050-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 27, 2010
• Sequence Number: 50
• Publication Date: January 22, 1963
• Content Type: OPEN

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724 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE January 22
western tikrate, and by other similar Ship, sacred literature. theological semi-
practices. Demote &met deniids Swim and central bodies, their activities are
artti-esniti then b. btu. doubt that sternly circumscrilnal. Devout ethane?
In practice Jews In the Soviet Union are emmortalLebauce. lirtitaltant'amram?. atithathar-44as,.. barwithin -
in
out for Special diembnination
of thumb or itiosque. le realism
and sudden persecution.. Soviet authori- rrcra Tide is
Hes tits statistics to *hew that Jews hold lei.
the rill& of ininerities end the equal dig-
nity of area.
*bateau. Ihiessative Secretary
?NatiOnal ,Oiithatto Oonferance for
? Archbishop Kari
Av
?mg* W. Reber
Presiding $1ebop.? African Metho-
dist Ilpionopel Miura; Dr. John
0, Sennett. Dasn eg Vacuity. union
Theolagleal Sendera7: Rev. Raymond
mseer. sinter. edienapons cri-
terion; Pranals O. Braun. Associate
lietiretarie Piiiiedelphia Yearly Meet-
ing. Re ous Society of !fiends; Dr
? Pres* H. Oidderell. Preddent, Louis-
Via. Presbyterial% 'Iheologicei Beni-
r. ?main, SA.; Dr
Dna, Divinity
? Rabbi Oscar
t. Uetw Theo-
_ ? Retold It. Fey,
vinvnaltan neetury: Dr. George
L. 'Ord, theoutive Director. National
Itesociation Of gee= Rabbi
.2lieedors Friadoish.' t. nab'
Unita' delivishlY; Dr. Hannan Ger -
atenfeld. Rabbi. Washthgton Hebrew
Coagregation; Dr. ,:literbert ?work,
!redden% Andover., Newton
USW SCh001.; pro 'Hellen Cilueck,
? Italian* Rebreer Union Oollege-Jew-
-Babb! Bar -
Eke Preto-
* Rabble; Dr.
, atOi, Christianity
. Rev. Theodore NI. Resburgh.
? 0.8.0., President. University of Notre
Dame; Rabbi Abraham J. Haschei:
Mlle. Monte HiggIns: Archbishop
?retheas. Greek Orthodox Archdiocese
of North and South America; Dr. Rob-
ert X. Jones, Resculies Director, Uni-
tarian Pelloinetp for Social Justice:
Rabbi Wolfe telmart, accenting Vice
President, Rabbinical Aiseinhly;
Bids%) Jobe_ Wrodeyjmird; Sithop Ed-
A, tort, see ',tuft* Church: Chortle
a. President, Vetted Svnnaogua
of *Marten; Iteithtsb..Wert. I -
den% -Synagogue couneu of America;
Res. Philip Marquard. O.PJL, Iltrecu-
tive Semetery, Third Order of at
?rands in North America; Rabbi Al-
bert G. Wads, Provident, Central.
Conference of American Rabbis; Rev.
John S. Morris, IlimenUre Director,
apierapal Society for Cultural and
Racial Unity; Dr. Walter G. Muelder,
Dean, School of Theology. Boston Uni-
versity; Dr. Herman Melon. Divinity
/Schad. Vanderbilt lintiversity; Arab-
bishop Patrick A. Olittryle; Dr. John
Z. .
OVosaer, Preform of History,
Otiorenown Veivereity;--Jerese Ofbirs.
Managing Editor, , Ccerunouvreal,
James A. Ptkei Dr. Daniel A
' Editor, Chrietbia Herald Mag-
sada.; Dr. Alvin R. Rogneas, President.
Lutheran, Theological Seminary: Weer
Rev. Gerard ROoney. ay., Provincial,
Passionist rashers; hers. H. Herbert
Ramenuin. President. National Wom-
en's /segue. United Y$ynagogu. of
- America: Dr. thettilk. A,Sehiots, Preet-
den anguetens Church:
tor.
Rev.
_ .
a high proportion of profeedonal, arts- hi also a fast Iket 'attain tis narrow
tie, and political pedi but replies of haniewank of penniailble religious practice,
this ebaracter ase sessions of the con_ diseriesniation is sagereed. -Jewish ethanol
tral Issue, Which IS theAnistence of dfs- at the ?Soviet Dakah atenbirinli ea?. t?
ammo= anti persecution. . OdUton. gaoled atithesal
ceded to indberents of other -creeds.
I have never received direct and midis- third presese ss era by blanket
ties to questions which I have raised the Soviet peoPle. neither Orthodox.
pommy on the persecution or Jews in Armenian. Catholic. or Protestant therchee,
the Soviet Unite._ Even If OAS Itecepted IWIShw Jew
110 the iftbwalv diaabilidirl
questionable Soviet fact, eabjeded - -ea jaeasai---
this would not tell us why there has been sonstwasted' Jewish ?
oongroga
special crackdown on Jewish cultural arslArartss from one another.
life and the Wm Of Yiddish by Russian forbidden to orpnlee *antral body.
Jews as compared with the treatment are allowed no contact with Jewish religious
accorded other Soviet minority groups. group. In ether countries. Their leaden am
Nor does It answer why there has been salstad ?at f?r abwas? ? "
/pedal prominence and featuring In the llama "Se IN1 "1"3"11
six ethos hare been arbitrarily removed treat
Soviet press o4ents in
f Jeirish names and Jetre oaks. ?peash ecaueenai teeth= Leano.
charged with crimes Involving *arena gad and Moscow have been sentenced to
*Peculation and black marketing. Why Prison for the alleged ad= Ot nuletang with
have these alleged cri.xes been linked foreign flows to their 1171WPIPWIL
? with the synagogue as apurported *over liooralCai_Oligeltiel have Men
for then, and why have synagogues been Oa stats. The few that remain are served
ehafied with being Outten Of Ifilbversive by nalblv '1"141 4311111thilig Www
years ago. Neu mote than a
hada 40
a religieltia prentino SI the baking cannee. accept for a Ices ramie an jins.
factory answers from the Soviet authori- wrath* eons or ths er inaMrsligions" of
activitif W12.7 the Prohibition eel to Jewish theological monineries Lievrtievan.sa
of matzoh at Pr-sover? cow, opened in IMO. its enronmsnt, never
Lam month. a group or ag leading permitted to mooed 10, was reduced to 4
Catholic Protestant and Jewish clergl- Alan 1.82. --
Ito Jewish bible bee both Printed in 40
Snell gent a cable to Premi ed " Shrutiachev peers. No satiates ler Jewish ritual can be
urging that the VASA. lift its Vol*, produced. ?This year for the Ant time in
of oppression agaZnst Russian Jews. I eovist history, even the sale at unless=
oak unanimous consent to have printed bread, essential to observance at the Pus-
an the RICCOND the text of the cable font over was banned. ? The Wafers of Athena
on December 7; an editorial entitled "An are said in Rearm, yet the teething of that
h prohibited,
Appeal to Ithrushchec" which appeared ai=acita ban a wines awe asnaue
in the Washington. MC.. Peek Dewlehetr_ Twain as their IDOtbrir kelpie in the Soidet
I; and a list Of dhlorisiblet017 Pluelauea census of ism, their hundreds or schools.
against Soviet Jews and the Soviet re- their once-gooriabing theaters have been
ply, headlined lituastat : Defense on stamped out. Much ratualar ethnic or Un-
Jewish Bias charges,- which appeared emetic groups have schools. theaters books.
In the New York Herald Tribune on No. mut eilivePalivve in their own language*.
ember 24. IOC. flees conditions conjure up memories of
the anti-ennitic Mann
There being no objection, the material regime, which youyourself have denounced.
was ordered to be Printed in the Rem". Amortting to the United Nations Universal
as follows: Derderatton of Emma Rights and the oreintt.
, (Prom the New York Times. Dec. V. legal Whine eir annihilated countess', freest.= or
Chairman Mans El. Kostrancitsv conacience and expreseion is vested meth-
The Ifreintin, dinonally in every hums= being.
Meeeete, ?Uhler the Soviet Government tromfornis ite
The Soviet Union declares It is a chain- Its own to that universal standard and to
pion of human dignity and squin us
squinty. No as- own Pecwssies Prindless, it forfeits the
Uon has beers more persevering in pronoun*. olullasitoo of all PeoPlee.
hag heel: a defender of minority rights. when will synagogues end Jewish semi-
Smut spokesman egta your eeentfra con- =ries be reestablished. Imprisoned rpm-
sUttition. wherein equality of comma fa luaus hears set free, the ban on unleavened
guaranteed. as proof that religious disclaim- 110104__ .ratrantala? ritual articlesandJewishination is not countenanced In the U.S.S.R. laarvroothe nude andiallist
You yourself have said: "The question M a when will the Yiddieh-langnees inetlen-
maws mullion is not ammo in our country. Nona that sustalaed &Mat Ilecrish minors
It is a matter for the conscience of the per- and education be restoreill
eau concerned. We look upon. Mann. is a When will Jrivilah ocogregittone,
person. 7 at other *Mita" he edeltiad,1104lailaii
But what are the facts?--'' iii body. to Jain In seisowsnap for the
e
The Soviet Clovernearatt's persistent *a- tinnily of their faith? ; iffthiagtort
amity to religion is a maths at historical .Tee world awaits Your response. Am Aim& 'so ileaspritoure
reamed. While *vest faiths AM permitted By den& throe. ona your Government. Can. midention of an radiertiMenent pub.
bare necessities, such as requisites for war- Arm that the Soviet Vat= hi truth upithida Mod in this newspaper that the
25 YEAR RE-REVIEW
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I 9 63 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
ioviet Union imposes on Its Jews restrictio
more cruel:ling than those placed on 0th
uutris cannot be disputed. It has been apt
said that if all religions are captive In Rus-
sta, the Orthodox are the "trustier." the
Mohammedans and Baptista are the ordinary
prisoners and the Jews are In solitary. The
differences ars so great. In fact, that the
continued exiMance at organised Jewish Ut
in Russia is In serious doubt.
The +Soviet Union has pursued an unhap-
pily inconsistent policy toward its Jews. I
luta called for their assimilation. a condition
which in Russia means religion' death, and
it has made that generally unattainable by
engaging 111 official discrimination and by not
checking Russia's active popular anti
Semitimm. The Jews are too useful to thief
regime, as a scapegoat at horns and a point-
cm pawn abroad, to be left alone.
The advertisement published today con-
sists of an appeal to Premier Khrualichev for
equality for Soviet Jews. It is signed by a
group of distinguished religious leaders of
different faiths. The entire community will
surely join them in the hope that their
appeal leads to constructive results.
ns Avrom Oontar's claim In Moscow News riedieh books at e premium
er that Jews are only 1.1 percent of the Soviet ammo published In num are hard to
y population but rank third in the number of end. They are napped up tm publication. ...v.,,
students la maleading. The *gum Of 14 lisoord Iona. they earn:nand big Priem. -
ipiercent la based on the Soviet Union'. entire . lint." its. Shaken
fuse
. population ar 220 milli. - .;, ..., _k,?.,?.,, arr. 00ftese?gra
"Tirt. In same areas at the V.11.11.11.. AIIIII: for the oars on
Vona a large pert of the population. This lJz. Cloned% Windup to the effect that
all
? is true in WEE In WesterniNft.., And it ekwue auessas have the moo rights Is a
Is in these areas that Jews are merioted by shocker. Jews atom or an "among pens
quote in enrollment at certain admit. , Iwo nos roprewmise in the Itovember 7 gala
t Jews might be $0 percent of an area% earbrroons at thescromula-.0 r,the yam*. '
population, but the total student body of .11lonls 45th birthday.
that area will by no means be half Jewish. _ And these am swaps In U.S.S.R. with
Students of Soviet conditions were biter- only ? row thaassaa meashess. , They a??? "
sated in Mr. Goatee" remark that last year their own schools, laninsage. Uteratuni.
. more than 7,600 Jews were elected deputies , as the Jews. "J
eg local government bodies. , Par in the 1PO` 2, ,P0
Het Onion there is ? statistical Mort on
? every Jew. and Mr. Meter does not lay .,.
Whether the IMO elected. Gem dontlesr,.1
themselves Jews.
newspaper
,
bibbed In Moscow disclosed Twiterffs7 that -
Ofici MOM than 7,500 al reheats: Atheists _ _ _..... Jew wort elected to to Iowa -
Offacially. the Soviet Government Is me_ ow government moos la um otiiii-cirdon
en. Membership in Use Cammuniet party is yerr. ., . , , 0,
prohibited for those who protege any kind _ rag Modem* Sims In the gnus
of
or bourgeois religious selithosot- . Moscow Seem a tabloid Jammet2iseekly by the
In his defense Mr. Caster goes on ea refer union og spew 'coleuses* weisedship end
to Venhunin Dymehlts, a vice-ohairMan of ?mond solatoosoo with
Pij
the Council a Ministers; Oen. Takob iltrisser. , ? Tits oho Countries.
hi Phew* '
and Ilya Ihrenburg, the writer, as deputies ' end tmenmit dirtgeborie esir
in the Supreme Soviet. -. ,,,,,. ..--ildwe Velem to ea Sig iliOleiffeleg
Zs does not point out that Ids, leogUlleel sad ?
Is a brumes =anew. snows for his 'week ow omnammea
. in building *steel plant in India: that ilens........oarbor Tho
eral trieeer has a remote, obscure past le laity." the newspaper dwelled the
balloon
Siberia. that Mr. Ihrenburg OM hardly be ortartor 0 A pegs solaria( goadder gusiguoas
dame] as a Jew since he has not hesitated jo anoweers 6 weir sews a vssaph moit.
to side with anti-Semites* .,_____, man"a the United *else, Who was not
Mr. Oontar's report that SO re mous. or Osumi*, istastuted,
470,000. of Russia's Jews madder Yiddish
their native tongue is remarkable after 411 aolotr...akedligialmaa'sor = late' Ile*engeneepitY
an
years of connnurdam. Par. with minor ex- or soviet Jews, topeeteng boor spa narerat
the position
ceptions, there is no Yiddish 'miniver= In The row, wail erouted to moon ciontarot
the Soviet ?Dim' There Is no Yiddish iamb* eg the editorial booed at Ocertsteedit ,,
with the Mince exception et an *beaux
theater, There are no Amman ssavaerapena ,filototrood. -* =Thadishoiagoeteg Mageninp -
lndshen.
Pelee. issued three times ? 7,,, 7": to 7,,..77;,,,,wimblishedlries is .4s.lios001,00aute. -
Here are other facts of seesit "week life l 'frig bit* by DMus a
since 11117: mewing to the Ifee census. there ere
1. The government has not authorised Ilse 1110,000 Jaws et lb. Ira"- "de Se only
printing of ? single edition of the Mobster LI Pete." et the lath'. Ileiel"tes' elei let
Bible. There has been only one printing?UNIT reek Udell la the eleleatit el student.
'
5.000 eopeos-44 the eaddrr. or pram book. (after Madam and Ineeiniass).
2. Thar, t i no central organisation tor ? 'Tare hundred and tirentor-serses thousand
Jewish we. There is no rabbinical associa- hil" blebet et amardarr sPlaialkd -
mon. i.noto to no ?monk asamiation or ode:fatten en are suespiond in various fields.
synnrognon ege. occur onyo "many towns teen pereent of the Soviet. doctors. nearly
have synagogues:, Bo dam act report this of peroent of the writes* sad journalists.
fact: many synagogues have bona skeet se. Ilbd 0101, IS Perosilt ?I 1111. irillsrll Ire
rentil. illiPrMailf in oldie off the tattle{ 4:._______612210 1110011,,_ar Aalmillegoll__, ,.....usioitlit .111141111;
emelt ?ageseter, renthmeg, mar have rim. moviempumer irsiansaxd, and aim own& are
SEIM. In fairly good maps. za other duos knots* fliT beyond the borders of the country -
there has been vandalism hooliganism, di- ler their research in payee" reathematioe,
sect uncial prewar' to claw and clienetry.
One yeshisks?ihwollesent Se ffleeffile *Sem
3. There Is only one yeshiva, for the train- "Jews we baling an acute Pert In the de-
In( of rabbis one other rumaummarirs, in velopment of Soviet edema, suttee* and art -
waverprayer boom. dam*. and deputir"R asserett:salablanangrantjewil VaireikrelesilicttidaideliNdele.
irroull:21 mem is SO.
gassaa. It Is in Mosteow, he autnoresse en. and 111 the management of the state. fast -
a. The manufactsue et senaone aroma% tial Cir imal lieserollient Whs. ' &cm env
725
Russia's DERE= ow Jetsam Rua Chtsaass
(To be a Jew In Russia, as the New Tort
Herald Tribune has repeatedly pointed out.
le to be subject to sudden changes of efolal
policy, sudden persecutions, constant denial
of liberties available in other lands. Nov
the Kremlin has apparently found public
awareness of this an International embar-
rassment. It has pubilshed--in an English
language journal?a glowing picture of the
status of Jews in the Soviet Republic. It
will be read and reported by Western Jour-
nalists. But few Russians will ever see It.)
TEM ECCIIIATIONE
The headline in yesterday's Moscow Hews--
"Jews--Rqual Nationality"?would be hu-
morous were the plight of Jews In the Soviet
Union not so tragic, Were they not subject
to an ever-deepening, ever-widening pattern
of discrimination.
This discrimination is applied to no other
religious or ethnic group in the 17.1321.R.
Russia's Jewish oorminunity feels it on the
religious, economic, and political levels. And
a recent on-the-spot survey by Blasi Writh
shows that with the notable exception of
Stalin's "Black Tears." the pattern a dis-
crimination is "more evident today than at
any time in the past generation."
Every Soviet Jew knows he is a Jew. The
word "Jew" is in his internal passport. And
under the Soviet system of nationalities, 1111
distinct nationalities ars recognised. A. Jew.
whether he's religious or not, is born a Jew.
He dies a Jew. He can change his name. But
it makes no difference.
The fact remains?and this is borne out
by the Boat Writh survey?that IS is very
difficult for Jews to advance to the very
highest level of Soviet administration.
Many Jews fill out the administrative
ranks, but policymaking, top-level jobs are
rarely given to Jews. Bhal Writh finds, in-
dependently of Information available to the
New York Herald Tribune, that a consider-
able number air Jews In the managerial Mass
are being pursed over for pm:mecums Or are
being demoted in laver ot non-Jewish neon-
Moreover. Jews ars being rapidly used OU3 ?
of positions of political leadership. Blasi
irrith notes there are no longer any Jews In
Important posts In the Soviet Foreign Min-
istry.
And Jews applying for entrance to Soviet
universities Ind that a Soviet-type fannea
system has been established.
In religion, the survey found. "The Jewish
faith is quarantined from its means at sus-
tenance, This is not by law but by ad-
ministrative control."
other items le not peramitted. Igor mat ffery MirelatzallPsiltricillia. 14
be Imported- Tit the Iltussiegi Orthodox the :1110?4?4 ... in, luati, ab
...
llaptbste, Buddhists, and others are ellOired Maw ????11110 i'"'"'
to opener nationally, publish religiose hoax _ Wks is vis ow
numufacture or Inthort religious ailides, 4.
te at41 M1Utaln ecnteet with brehr nd, ileb Amr. or writer "FA
Russia. . ,,-- ' *TM iii0.01 *ewe that?
-
As for Sodetisch Etameend, for which Mr. ' sada J.W. Omer 00.000,/ ?-essis
Canter write* ?it frequently peinte anttue., toile their native tongue.
ligsous stogies. - '. "The elovistlieh Igehaland ft pa
ite. Cicalas Miss the demand for YUMA* iliee4sW for laces who Under Stalin the meant af Ibis eat in *000 aeries. It heir*
literature was destroyed. Still mandalao4 ., boa than any siker liii
are the diseppearanose and/or deaths of the, le the world le the
biggest names in Yiddish press Mil
-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ?SENATE January ?2
published in 1.000 or 1,200 mess. The same
Se true of Isreal.
"The iimiletlech Meinaland maim over 100
authors. members ot thi Soviet lillitims?
Union. They write in Yiddish. lin flue lest
'1 years publishing housse in minus Pete
1310 arinntrY Produced shout 200 et thole
works in a tots), of 12 million copies.
"Jewish classics are published in vary Ing
adiUons?up to 1100,000 topes in Rued= and
30.000 in Yiddish. Writings by illholom
Alabama have been translated into $2
languages spoken by Soviet peoples. The
total print oit books by soviet pet Lev Keith*
enceeded $ million in 11110-411.
Religious situation
"A few words about religion: In the Owlet
Union the conditions for the Jewish religion
are the same as for the Orthodox. Moslem,
and Catholic faiths. Many towns have
synagogues where religious Jews go to pray
and observe their holiday.. True, the num-
bers of believers Is gradually diminishing,
but this is not the outcome or administra-
tive measures but Is due to the fact that
materialist concept* are gaining the upper
hand over Idealistic conceptions.
"I believe these facts and Apra answer
the question and thaw that whatever the
nationality, every I:Innen in our country in:;/'
joys the same rights as everybody aim."
MODERNIZATION OF TAX lifICIORA-
TI011 LAWS
her et quota humigrants sideniteed annually
en be laseressee Dem the iweriat nects of
Mane* to MAW edthout undersdnleg ega-
Volumene opportunities for Aeseriesa week-
ow Amy leasidgrant bI a potential MM.
lamer Sof the produale gs Memo mem
AIN rens earinorel beangrern a ow/Mow
who ogintaibutas to onir total Weekilkwi We 111
lleaoleed, Thee Use Mot mutual gonferenas
c41 the Valted-Itallen AnierWan Labor Com.
MI held on Deconaber 1.1102. Wald Cosimen.
dank Mawr York City. ell upon the admin-
istration and Conswass to have in its next
seen= onset permanent measures prodding
for the minskiden of the alorementiessed
members and Wee releinves of Sentinel Of
American einem& who live In countries
which are members of the Atlantic &Inane*
and which, 'Ike Italy, have an over inerees.
ing number at already approved applies.
bons under the third and fourth preference
of the quota, but are still anxiously waning
for MS. visas: and be it
Resolved, That we commend the fruitful
and theism Karts made by the American
Cominittee on Italian Illeretton to order
to Improve and bennealine Imenigratica
laws: and be it further
itemised, That this rasolitiOn be sent to
the Preekelset of the United States. to the
leader* of the VA. Congrsss. to the
CIO. and to the pros&
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President. I ask
unanhnom consent that there be printed
at this point in the Recoite an important
resolution of the United Italian Labor
Council, Inc, calling for the moderniza-
tion of our immigration laws. Such
modernization is critically and urgently
needed in the interest of our Nation
and in the interest of the freed= of
mankind.
There being no objection, the resolu-
tion was ordered to be printed hi the
Bacon, as follows:
Pasozarnose on Inincaersow
Whereas tens of thousands of citizens of
low-quota countries such as Italy. mom.
hers of alien families legally reading in the
United States and members of families or
does retails's of American cinema In the
United States, ham applied for admission
to our country and their applications have
been pronsese and approved: and
Whereas they nave been registered, re-
inactively, either under the third preference
of the quota, for which visas are insulliclent,
Or under the fourth preference of the quota,
for which visas are unavailable. With the
result that these applicants have to wait
years and years before being permitted to
join their dear one. in the United States:
and
Whereas the 11.8. Oongress, sensitive to
the urgent need of reuniting families and
providing entry of class Matinee ed 1:121.
eitlnens, in 1901 enacted Public Law 117-401
and in 1062 Public Law 117-4115 which pro-
vided a very partial solution of this prob.
Wm; and
Whereas President Kennedy recopiteed
this problem and urged its solution
"I believe that the most Important inunedi-
ate objective of immigration policy is the ass.
uniting of families. There are man/ new
fathom in America adios, closest kin see in
other lands waiting to Join them. We hares
menu ?Miamian to bring them fainiiles
gather, provided they are eligible under the
law": and
Whereas George Ileany. president of the
American Federation of Labor and Canvass
of industrial Organisations. only & year sill
stated that: "It Is my belief that the men.
INDAPANDIDICle OP THZ MAUNA
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. ?r.sldwt ISnit
proud to Join in the observanee marking
the 46th anniversary of the independent*
of the Ukraine. which was proolabsed
on January 22, 1918. This independence
was the culmination of a centuries-old
struggle by the Ukrainian people to
achieve their freedom from Moscow,
but their victory was short lived. The
aountry was quickly overrun by the Bol-
shevik armies, and cam same 'Ukraine
beanie * captive nation.
In Mite of deportations, imprison-
ment. religious permeation. labor camps,
ruthless executions and other Soviet re-
preserve measures, the spirit of the peo-
ple has not been broken. and the hope
of regaining their independence mann-
Iles to burn !nightie in their hearts.
The right of the oppressed people of the
Ukraine to liberty and independence Is
upheld by the principle of self-deteemi-
nation, which the United States has
championed. In the light against ova-
nninisin, this principle of self-determi-
nation is a potent force and in support of
It. the United States is bringing to bear
all the resources at diplomacy at its
conunand.
I have deep sympathy for the people
of the Ukraine and will do all I can to
bring nearer the day when their hopes
for freedom and independence will be
Mined.
Mr. ILIATDICI. Mr. Preeident, for
centuries, the gifted and gallant Ukrain-
ians have not been Wowed to elitor free-
dom and peace in emir historic home-
land. Times 42,000,000 Ukrainians have
not been masters of their fate for acme
$00 years, and except for a brief period
of 2 years, they have net known national
independence. Dewing that long Period
they have been held down by alien ty-
rants. True in 1917 they Were given a
chance by the revolution that overthrew
the /MMus esarist regime and shattered
the chains that held them 112
They proclaimed their Independence on
January 22. and founded the Ukrainian
Republic( 43 yearn ago today.
Although that hesiloss woe abort-
ltrot tbst Important event, the "roc-
tle
esitblidirsent elf the Argeibile. slrin-
of tikratidan ilifintendenfie and
the realientimi of a nenturies-old
dream. The lialindalhOn Of Mt event
Is not lost on Ukrainians anywhere in
the world, and is eelebrated as a rue-
Ikeda holiday wherever they have the
freedom to do so.
? The Ukrainian = have suffered
More under the Winne than
? their forebears had suffered under Rus-
sia's sutocratie mars. Today their fair
? and fertile honulland is shut off from the
free Wed, comPlettly Isolated from the
West; our Information about their situa-
tion ill 001110. We Itnow for sure that.
under Soviet tyranny their lot is not an
enviable one, and they are not allowed
to celebrate their national holiday. That
privilege is denied to them by their mu.
tem in the Kremlin. But Ukrainians in
the free world. and Particulartr those in
the United States, observe that holiday
with due solemntlar. I gladly join all
Ukrainian-Americans in the celebration
tudierwidence DIM
LAUSCRIL Mr. Presides* today,
rtenstere 2/4 SW Mirka the .43th an-
niversary at Mande* inengeridence
DAY. I as glad be Min with the Mu-
llen& ot Americans with Ukrainian
descent in recognition of this important
occasion.
The Ukrairdang are one of the oldest
and basest of the Banc ethnic mem.
They are known also as orie of the most
peace-loving and industrious peoples in
rveim Sitr'oPa, but for. oresturies they
not been snowed to lien peace,
?ear bow they been allowed to Senerveuch
begriell gran their .imrd "r$W rein.
son for this mietertune Is that, except
for the short but the happy 2-year
period of tndependence 19111-1920.
they hays been suffering under the ellen
and opprandys ilussian yoke for more
than three .oenturisa.
Up to the middle af the lith aenturr
the Ukrainians were able to survive the
annulment at invading Asiatic hordes.
Then in Ihe year 1864 tbe. Ukrainian
leaders signed a treaty with the /Mean
mar by which they meant to unite the
two countries. Soon Ukrainian leaders
realized that they were tricked into a
trap by the Russian mar the wily auto-
crat succeeded in Mittying the terms of
this compact and put an end to the
Ukraine's independence. Nasal, all of
Ukraine's subsequent snisfortimes seem
to have stemmed from the deliberatelyoapi
misrepresented terms of that e
tinder Medan oars the Ukrainians
wen, exported to abandon their notional
ideals and traditional behefe, surd be
merged with the great RUssien tangly.
eisarist goverment est Mit -to Bus.
Mane',, by compulsion if neemany, all
Ukrainians. Imperial decrees banned
the use of Ukrahdan as an Metal &an-
ima; in schools the teaching of
Ukrainian was net permitted, and the
Whole country was treated ass colonial
adjunct of imperial Reads.
During all those years, hemmer. Ang-
olans were not able to eradicate Ukrain-
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I PA I
724) CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
oi New York hes called for a National
.Acadernv er Foreign Affairs.
MI Pi esident. there is much in the
Perkois report the,. I would applaud. It
is anticipated that specific recommenda-
tions in the form of legislation will be
sent to the Congress as soon as they are
completed. The purpose of reintroduc-
ing this bill in a slightly revised form at
this point is not to preclude considera-
tion of other suggestions that may come
before the Congress. Rather it is to
permit a full study and hearing to be
held on all relevant Possibilities. For
inatance, specific questions have been
raised as to whether this institution
should be limited to college graduates
If persons are otherwise qualified, as to
whether training in such an institution
should be limited to government person-
nel, as to whether citizens of foreign
nations should be permitted to attend,
and as to whether such an institution
:Mould replace or merely supplement the
present Foreign Service Institute. These
and other questions will have to be
studied In some detail during the legisla-
tive process.
But the time has undoubtedly come,
Mr. President, to acknowledge the need
for an institution to prepare Americans
to wage the kind of nonmilitary warfare
at which the Communists excel, The
Communists have long been experts in
using political, psychological, economic,
and technological weapons In their am-
bitious plan for world conquest. In the
military field there is no doubt that our
resources are as great as theirs?in fact,
greater. But in these other nonmilitary
areas they have a network of organiza-
tions and tactics that have been active
for years. We, on the other hand, must
mobilize ourselves more effectively to
meet the many-pronged challenge of
Soviet political warfare. The purpose of
this institution would be to help Ameri-
can citizens, primarily in government, to
develop the professional competence, ex-
nerience, and knowledge necessary to
meet the extraordinary variety of tech-
niques employed by the Communists
throughout the world. Prompt congres-
sional action along the lines of this bill
or similar proposals would constitute a
long and important step in strengthening
America's arsenal of nonmilitary cold-
war weapons.
/ ANTI-SEMITISM q THE SOVIET
UNION
Mr. SCOTT Mr. President, the
U.S.S.R. is its propaganda boasts will
affirm, is a party to the Universal Decla-
ration of Human Rights. Article 18 of
that declaration states:
Everyone has the right to freedom of
thought. conscience. and religion: this right
Includes freedom to change hie religion or
belief, end freedom, either alone or In com-
munity with other. and in public or private
to manifest his religion or belief in teaching,
practice, worship, sod observance.
Soviet actions belie this pledge. We
have ample documentation of the Soviet
treatment of one of its minorities, tie
Jews. This sordid evidence is detailed in
an article by Moshe Decter In the Jan-
wiry 11/63 issue of Foreign Affairs Quar-
terly. published by the Council on For-
eign Relations It Contains a dossier of
Soviet perfidy that should be included
In the files of all who would pin the lie
on Communist pretenses of regard for
individual and group rights. It reveal/6
the extent of just one aspect of Soviet
racism at a time when the Russians are
making their strongest appeals to the
newly emergent nations of Bela and
Africa.
The following are some of the salient
features of current Soviet anti-Semi-
tism:
1. While there are over 100 nationalities in
the U.S.S.R. which are granted the right to
their own cultural institutions, their own
rehools, and their own language, the Jewish
people--who are considered as members of
the Jewish nationality by Boastful law?are
the only such group denied any semblance
of nationality rights.
2. Jews who maintain their Jewish iden-
tity?and item 5 of all Soviet muisporta lista
an individual's nationality?face increasing
restrictions In educational and occupational
Opportunity.
S. While all the major religious groups in
the Soviet are permitted regional or national
ecolettleattc organisations so they might
maintain contact with their people, only the
Jewish religious groups are barred from WO-
cial contact with one another.
4 Bibles, prayerhooks, and religious ob-
jects have been provided all other religious
groups In the Soviet, these have, In effect,
been dented Jews. In addition, while other
faiths are truly permitted houses of worship.
Jewish synagogues have been closed in com-
munity after community.
5. Synagogue leaders have been arrested
on undisclosed charges. Jews are also being
singled out in the Soviet press for so-called
economic crimes and capitat sentences are
meted out to thorn in increasing numbers.
As Mr. Decter points out in his article, a
*policy of cultural and religious repression
I, conducted within the charged atmosphere
of a virulent prase campaign against Ju-
daism."
These facts add up to a damning in-
dictment of Soviet deeds as contrasted
with Soviet words. While other nations,
our own included, are called upon to an-
swer charges of racism within national
borders. the U.S.S.R., by the peculiar
standard of international double moral-
ity which has too long been to its advan-
tage, seems exempt from this obligation.
/t Is incumbent upon the Soviets to db-
prove these charges or to stand before
the world wearing the brand of racism
which It has so eloquently decried in Its
own propaganda pronouncements. The
Kremlin in the treatment of its Jewish
minority clearly has one standard of
morality for its own conduct and another
higher standard for use in picturing it-
self to the world.
SOLICITATION OF FEDERAL EM-
PLOYE = FOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Mr. CARLSON. Ur. President, there
recently has been much talk, In the press
and out, pertaining to the solicitation of
Federal employee* for contributions to
Political dinners. It was not the intent
of the se-called Hatch Act to prohibit a
Classified civil service employee from
voting as he pleases or even attending a
dinner which might properly be labeled
a birthday Or WV diluter-
January 22
it was arid is the intent of the law to
prohibit a public employee or anyone
else from soliciting another publte em-
ployee on public property for funds to
such an occasion. Any such Solicitation
by It Federal employee or by antente else
on public property, or elsewhere, which
carries with it the slightest intimation
that it might be best for the civil service
employee to make a contribution, or to
Purchase tickets, is in my opinion a vio-
lation of the law.
If this Procedure were permitted to
continue, It could very well ruin the en-
tire merit system.
One of the great privileges which has
been mine has been that of wOrikinir with
the devoted Federal employees during
my tenure in the Congresa. "Tto be able
to watch the development of our excel-
lent Federal Merit system, and to have
had a small part In its growth, is a source
of satisfaction to me. I for one do not
Intend to remain silent when political
leaders or others may In a maid of over-
enthusiasm pursue a Course Which might
Jeopardize the true working of our merit
system.
Many ex-Cell:int articled' etitrediterials
have been written recently in regard to
the assessment by the Dettlecrs Fattens/
Committee of our Federal employees for
the President's inaugural anniversary
dinner.
Joe Young of the Washington Star has
written an excellent article stressing the
lack of concern on the Part of employee
organizations in behalf of their own
member&
I ask unanimous consent that the ar-
ticle be made part of these remark*.
There being no objection, the article
was ordered to be printed tn the RECORD,
as follows:
Barriores amours' Sumscs Vmwss as Mums
De $100 Timm Plums=
(By Joseph 'Young)
Perhaps the strangest aspen of the entire
spectacle of unashamed Democratic prawn',
on Oovernment career employees to attend
tonight's $100-a-ticket gale is the complete
silence of Government employes unions and
the National Civil Service League on the
matter.
Not a peep has been heard from any of the
major unions or the nonpartisan league,
which came into being SO years ego to up-
hold the merit system, since this reporter
and the Star on December 6 Bret disclosed
the pressure on career employees to pur-
chase the $100 ticketa.
The employee leaders appear too Intent
on such unattainable pie-in-the-sky objec-
tives as a 35-hour work week. etc., to bother
with the unprecedented pressure on career
employees by the Democratic National Com-
mittee and officials of the Kennedy admin-
istration. Only the recently formed National
f3ootety of Federal Engineers. and
Allied Frofeesionau have criticised the so-
The unions' 'MUM is that not many career
employees in tin upper middle and top ?
grades are members of thsir organisations,
and hence they don't want to get into the
fray. The long-range adverse Implications
on the merit system seem to steeps tbem.
The ethnics Of the National Clifil &trek*
League is even more pumaing. The mein
purpose of the nonpartisan hustings-sup
ported league Is ostensibly to proems ant
support the remit spasm. ,
_The failure of ClitEetriOniat_
'Unions to protest the 'ailitsatien nay
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