SOVIET OIL MENACE

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963 Approved CONelease O200 NAL7RECORDRDP R 83R000200210009-0 6099 JTICE OP' 1BAMLtvu vii --- RECLAMATION PROJECTS ACT "8. Readjustment of servicemen to !e 91 SEC. 2. Section 4 of rule XXV of the .adding Rules of the Senate is amended v striking out "and Committee on Aero- autical and Space Sciences" and inserting - lieu thereof "Committee an Aeronautical ad Space Sciences; and Committee on aterans' Affairs." SEC. 3. Section 6(a) of rule XVI of the :anding Rules of the Senate (relating to as designation of ex officio members of the nmmittee on Appropriations) is amended g adding at the end of the tabulation con- Lined therein the following new item: committee on Veterans' Affairs-For the .eterans' Administration." SEC. 4. The Committee on Veterans' Affairs tall as promptly as feasible after its ap- ointment and organization confer with the -ommittee on Finance and the Committee in Labor and Public Welfare for the purpose 1E determining what disposition should be wade of proposed legislation, messages, peti- tons, memorials, and other matters there- afore referred to the Committee on Finance aid the Committee on Labor and Public Velfare during the Eighty-eighth Congress which are within the jurisdiction of the :ommittee on Veterans' Affairs. 'LYING OF THE AMERICAN FLAG OVER THE REMAINS OF THE U.S.S. "UTAH"-ADDITIONAL COSPON- SORS OF BILL Mr. MOSS. Mr. President, I ask inanimous consent that the names of the Senator from Nebraska [Mr. HRUSKA] ?,nd the Senator from North Dakota _Mr. YOUNG] appear as cosponsors of the measure (S. 703) to provide for the fly- _ng of the American flag over the re- mains of the U.S.S. Utah in honor of the neoric men who were entombed in her hull on December 7, 1941, at any future printing. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSION ON REVISION OF THE ANTITRUST LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES- ADDITIONAL COSPONSOR OF BILL Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, I ask -unanimous consent that the name of the senior Senator from Indiana [Mr. HARTKEI may be added as a, cosponsor of S. 1255, for the establishment of a Com- mission on Revision of the Antitrust Laws of the United States which I intro- duced on April 2, 1963. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. Mr. MOSS. Mr. President, for the benefit of those Senators who might be interested, I would like to announce that the Irrigation and Reclamation Subcom- mittee of the Interior and Insular Affairs Committee will conduct hearings on S. 283, the Small Reclamation Projects Act on April 23 and on the S. 793 and S. 784, bills to promote the conservation of the Nation's wildlife resources on the Pacific flyway in the Tule Lake and Klamath Wildlife Refuges on April 24. On May 7, it is my intention to hold hearings on S. 26, the Dixie -project located in the State of Utah. All of these hearings will be held in room 3110, New Senate Office Building, commencing at 10 a.m. As the Soviet Union has continued to broaden its industrial capabilities, inter- national trade has become one of the most subtle, yet effective and dangerous instruments of Red aggression. As mem- bers of this Senate are aware, one of the most serious examples of the Krem- lin's use of international trade in fur- thering Red influence is the invasion of free world petroleum markets by Russia. This is indeed a serious feature of the continuing struggle against communism, because the Kremlin understands full well that oil is a vital and indispensable requirement of every nation. Having de- veloped a large oil producing capacity, the Soviet Union is literally and figura- tively flooding selective and sensitive free world markets. Not only does this en- danger a healthy economy in these na- tions, but it gives Communist trade rep- resentatives an entree into these areas which otherwise would not be accessible, were it not for the below-the-market prices at which Soviet oil is being offered. If we are to meet and overcome this Red oil offensive, we must have a full understanding of its meaning in terms of Soviet capability, intentions, and limita- tions with respect to oil production and distribution. What is probably the most comprehen- sive, authoritative, and understandable analysis of the Russian oil situation, both in the Soviet Union, and as an instru- ment of international trade, appeared in the Washington Sunday Star of Sun- day, March 31, 1963. The article was an extensive reprint of excerpts from a recent speech delivered in Fort Worth, Tex., by Mr. George F. Getty of Los Angeles, Calif., president of the Tide- water Oil Co. This is a particularly valuable contri- bution to our understanding of Com- munist oil export for two reasons. First, Mr. Getty Is recognized as one of the most progressive and capable figures in the oil industry today. Secondly, he bases his report upon personal observa- tions made by him in the course of an extended tour of important oil produc- ing areas in the Soviet Union. Thus his first-hand observations, coupled with his vast experience in the oil industry, serve to make this speech both authori- tative and informative. I believe that after reading this speech, reprinted from the Washington Star, Members of this Senate will share my opinion that this is a most valuable contribution to our understanding of Russian techniques of expansion through the use of trade. It underlines the seriousness of the problem confronting us, and the necessity of keeping our Na- tion's petroleum industry technological- ly advanced and economically sound. I ask unanimous consent to have the speech of Mr. Getty printed in the RECORD. There being no objection, the speech was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: U.S. EXPERT SEES RISING SOVIET OIL OFFENSIVE ADDRESSES, EDITORIALS, ARTI- CLES, ETC., PRINTED IN THE APPENDIX On request, and by unanimous con- sent, addresses, editorials, articles, etc., were ordered to be printed in the Ap- pendix, as follows: By Mr. HUMPHREY: Addresses delivered by Miss Loretta Sep- panen and Maurice A. Johnson, at St. Paul, Minn., at the State 4-H Radio Speaking Contest, on March 4 and 5, 1963. By Mr. BEALL Statement and letter of Brenda C. Sat- terfield, of Baltimore, Md., relating to her candidacy for the Baltimore City Council, Editorial entitled "Belittling Approach," published in the Baltimore (Md.) Sun on April 10, 1963. By Mr. HAYDEN: Editorial entitled "Liberty Amendment's Wishful Thinking," regarding the effect of the abolition of the income tax, and pub- lished in the Arizona Daily Star of Tuesday, April 2,196-3. By Mr. ANDERSON: Editorial entitled "America's Future," pub- lished in the Washington (D.C.) Post on April 8, 1963. By Mr. DIRKSEN: Article entitled "Whole Town Pays Re- spects at Negro Youth's Funeral," published in the Baltimore Sun of March 28, 1963, being a tribute to Ronald Victor Costly, of Elizabeth, W. Va., distinguished Negro athlete and student. Resolution by Daughters of the American Revolution, District of Columbia Society, urging the establishment of September 17 of each year as a legal holiday, to be known as Constitution Day. By Mr. BURDICK: Article entitled "Tax Credit To Offset Gold North Dakota," written by Paul F. Munger and James D. Mathisen. By Mr. McCARTHY: Minnesota Legislature resolution on agri- cultural commodities. Article entitled "Tax Credit to Offset Gold Drain," written by Eliot Janeway, and pub- lished in the Chicago Tribune of March 11, 1963. Article entitled "It Takes More Than That To Kill a Bull Mooser," by Hjalmar Peterson, published in the Askov, American on October ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS OF BILLS Under authority of the orders of the Senate, as indicated below, the follow- ing names have been added as additional cosponsors for the following bills: Authority of April 4, 1963: S. 1270. A bill to amend the Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921, to strengthen independ- ent competition by providing for competitive enterprise in the retail sales of meat, meat food products, livestock products, and other food items: Mr. LONG of Missouri, Mr. Mc- GEE, and Mr. YARBOROUGH. Authority of April 9, 1963: S. 1283. A bill to enforce constitutional rights, and for other purposes: Mr. BAYH, Mr. FONG, Mr. Moss, Mr. MussIE, and Mr. PROxMIRE. C SOVIET O4!L MENACE weapons of Communist conquest are many and diverse. The Kremlin pushes its expansion vigorously and with every means at its command. (Enrroa's NoTE.-George F. Getty II, presi- dent of the Tidewater Oil Co., recently re- turned from an inspection tour of the Soviet oil industry. Here are excerpts from a report he made to the American Petroleum Insti- tute meeting in Fort Worth, Tex., earlier this month.) Approved For Release 2001/07/26: CIA-RDP65B00383R000200210009-0 A160OOved For Release 2001/07/'6N0Rffi W:Wnfi002 PNI'TE April 11 We meet today as the oil industry is The Soviet production objective is maxi- threatened on many fronts. Such a con- mum recovery of reserves in the shortest NOT VERY IX t oil n frontation is not unusual for us, but today's period of time. They have a use for all the After we had seen Soviet oil operations we threats are possibly the most ominous to oil and gas that they can get their hands put our heads together to compare notes. date In our industry's history. OIL They want to get the oil out and use we were not particularly Impressed. But Most of you are concerned with ex- it, not to mendous potential. had to cannot their tr t mainly produce o over a long period of edus You cannot deny their proration and production work. Your work time; the latter would be better oil field is challenging and difficult. It would be engineering practice, but poor overall eco- great oil and gas fields, their vast reserves. doubly challenging-In fact, confounding- gamic and political practice for the Soviets. You can't deny their successful, almost ex- if you had to work amidst violent revolu- About 10 percent of Soviet wells are wild- plosive development of oil and gas resources Yet this was the case recently for our oil- Our trip had many surprises. For exam- At this point it might be well to see what men In Iraq and Yemen; while those work- pie, counter to our thinking that Baku was kind of conclusions can be drawn from this lag in Venezuela are in the middle of com- the great source of Soviet oil, this region sketch of what we saw of the Soviet oil munlsm's No. 1 target in Latin America. produces only 22 percent of the Soviet's Industry. Added to the oil operators' troubles these total. After World War II, the Soviets be- I am convinced that the Soviets have used days is the cut-throat competition of the Ban exploring other regions. They were and will continue to use their abundant oil largest oil organization in the world-the handed an energy gift on a silver platter resources to expedite their own industrial government-controlled Soviet oil Industry. when they discovered the Volga-Urals fields, expansion and to extend their political in- We think our domestic oil business is com- strategically located between Moscow and fluence, undermine freedom, and spread com- petitive. Well, many of you may be familiar their tremendous, newly industrialized area munism in the free world. with an example of really tough competition. east of the Urals. The Soviet's couldn't have The Soviets' crude oil production allowed In a recent "price war," the Russians forced gotten a more economic supply of oil if they them In 1953 to export 35,000 barrels a day free world companies to lower prices by of- had designed the situation In one of their to the free world. In 1961, this jumped to a faring India Soviet oil at 10 to 20 be- own 7-year plans. law prevailing world prices-whlewere percent al- Under the present 7-year plan, they are the free world of demand. They flatly told law prevailing orld red. constructing huge petroleum pipelines. us they intend to up that 3 percent to 14 2ew at ep AND THE WAR These amounted to 19,700 miles of oil line percent, and you know they aren't going to and 18.300 miles of gas line In 1981; about spend the rest of their lives doing it. Their They were shrewd. They dealt the free twice their trunk pipeline mileage In 1958. present 7-year plan calls for exports of 1 world a blow merely by cutting prices on a This doesn't sound like much compared with million barrels a day to the free world in bid; they didn't have to use up even one what we're doing here In the United States. 1965. To do this, they're going to use their barrel of oil to win a trade war victory. To On the other hand, when you consider that system of moving into oil markets, upsetting keep the business. Western companies were the average diameter of these pipes is 40 them, withdrawing from them and moving forced to make the sale at Soviet prices. Inches, their carrying capacity is tre- into others. Isn't that called winning the battle but los- mendous. These pipelines carry oil to the We face a massive, aggressive competitor ing the war? satellite countries, the Black Sea, and may who can cut prices at will and barter, accept The Soviet oil industry is unique. From eventually carry it to the Sea of Japan-all soft currencies, and do business in ways that the seismograph marketing it i Places where their axport potential is would stymie or ruin a Western oil company. operated-perhaps ine y, greatest. In 1981, this cornpetiton cost traditional ex-and often dangeroualy-with only one goal In mind, The Soviet Union also is expanding its porting countries, particularly Venezuela defeating the alms and ideals of everyone merchant fleet. Soviet officials stated that and certain Middle Eastern States, $486 mil- In this room. luckily they don't have to build tankers be- lion in lost revenue. And the competition As you mayknow, I was a member of the cause the free world bas been so nice and willget tougher. U.S. petroleum delegation that spent the built so many extra ones which are avail- month getting a first-hand. on-the-aunt able at low charter rates. But we ?athered WHAT THE SOVIET NEEDS view or certain Soviet oil operations. Al- though there is a great temptation when One comes back from a foreign country to be an expert, even a Russian would have difficulty being an expert in the U.S.S.R. The Soviet Union is a difficult, complex country. WHAT U.S. OILMEN SAW Nevertheless, our tour of Russia gave us a reasonable opportunity to observe the So- viet oil industry at work. Let me sketch for you what our visiting oilmen saw in the Soviet Union. We like to pride ourselves on our accom- plishments in oil development. But the agency running the Soviet exploration and production is a hard-working crew that cut our time in half. In 15 years, from 1946 to 1962, they increased oil production frorg Only 432,000 barrels a-day to 3.3 million bar- rels. That's quite a jump. Some time ago, we made the same increase in our own pro- duction, but it took us 31 years, from 1907 to 1939. Even though the Soviets had all the tech- nical advances since 1907 working in their favor, their record is an obvious accomplish- ment. With 3.3 million barrels, in world production they are second only to our own 7 million barrels daily. For the end of their present 7-year plan, in 1965, they have tar- geted production at 4.8 million barrels daily. NO LABOR PROBLEMS FOR THEM Oil field development is controlled carefully under the 7-year plan. The nation itself owns the land and the minerals, of course. There are no leases, no royalties. There are no labor problems-despite the fact that 25 percent of the oil industry workers are Women. The government just goes ahead and does as it pleases. Labor, for example, is freely transferred from one region to an- other to balance quality and quantity. ports that large tankers, 25,000-to--j5,060 exploration, Production, and transportation tons, are being constructed on the Black equipment. To an important extent, the Sea. We also know they have contracted for success of the Soviet oil threat depends on large ships In Japan and Italy. how successful they are in obtaining line This tanker and pipeline expansion cer- pipe, drilling rigs, pumps, oil country tubular tainly adds to the free world's increasing goods, and so on. They also need tankers problems with Soviet oil exports, as you have and complete refinery units, petrochemical seen pointed up by the newspaper accounts plants, and electronic gear in order to ful- of a possible Soviet deal with England for fill their 7-year goal. ships. Let's not kid ourselves. They are going to Refinery capacity has been a bottleneck In trade their oil for this equipment and these their plans. Refinery runs in 1958 totaled facilities, as well as for raw materials, food, a shade over 2.8 million barrels a day. These chemicals, and other commodities from increased to 4.25 million barrels daily in 1962 manufacturers and producers in the free and are scheduled to reach 5 million in 1985. world. One can't get around the fact that With this capacity, it is possible that after this trade with the Communists has been, satisfying home requirements, they will have and will be, freely entered into by many na- about 440,000 barrels of refined products tions because, as in all enduring commercial daily for free world export. relationships, both parties expect to benefit. THE MODELS ARE IMPRESSIVE, BUT- Over a billion dollars' worth of plant, equip- We visited the Novo Ufa refinery. It em- ment, and metal goods were sold to the ploys about 5,000 people, 600 of these are Communist bloc by the free world in 1960. engineers and technicians. It's basically a Take Italy, for example, the Soviets bar- large topping plant with limited cracking tered 100,000 barrels of crude oil a day over and reforming facilities. But don't forget, -a 6-year period-about 20 percent of the the Soviets primarily require fuel oil and Italian oil requirements-in return for ape- middle distillates, not high octane gasoline. ciflc quantities of much needed 40-inch i e They see no point in putting in a lot of p p . octane and gasoline building equipment. pumps, synthetic fibers and other essentials. Characteristically, Soviet Industry In most Italy picks up the oil at Black Sea ports areas lags substantially behind the United at a price equivalent to $1 a barrel. At that States, At the permanent exhibition of So- price, it's hardly worth taking oil out of the viet achievement in Moscow, where they have ground in Texas. a Hall of Geology, a Hall of Oil and Gas, and it could be said that all of your work in a Hall of Petroleum Science, we saw models finding reserves, to meet future production of wonderful drilling rigs, bits, refineries, requirements will be a waste of time if the and petro-chemical plants. But the actual equipment we saw in the field was Soviets are allowed to carry out this threat to get excited about. nothing and to undermine the security of the free get We trekked through four oilfields, toured world. However, while I am completely con- four of their largest refineries, visited the vinced of the Soviet threat, I am equally con- four beat research Institutes, but we saw vinced that the free world's oil companies little evidence of this wonderful equipment. can be counted on to resist to their utmost It just wasn't in operation where we were. In any struggle for the world's oil markets. Approved For Release 2001/07/26 : CIA-RDP65B00383R000200210009-0 963 Approved CONGRESSIONAL7RB~OGi RDS )RJ83R000200210009-0 SOVIET EXPORTS HAVE LEVELED OFF !,lready there is evidence supporting this aviction. After increasing at an annual .e of about 40 percent for the past 3 years, viet oil exports have leveled off. Remem- =, oil export potential does not necessarily an sales, even for as aggressive a com- zitor as the Soviets. But let's not drop our guard. The leveling might just be due to a lack of present Dacity in Soviet pipelines and tankers. My conviction that Western oil companies a resist Soviet - competition is `not based blind faith. It is based on the expecta- n that certain things must happen. ['o meet Soviet competition, American oil mpanies must at least remain as strong and althy as they are today. They must effec- sly supply a steadily growing demand in a United States and in the free world. ey must continue to operate a vast dis- bution and marketing network which grantees delivery of petroleum products sere and when they are needed. The Soviets don't yet have such a network if can't guarantee delivery. Most impor- -it, American oil companies must continue develop present reserves and build future -ength by discovering new reserves. HE FIRST DECADE: CHANGE AND CHALLENGE Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. Mr. -esident, the Department of Health, lucation, and Welfare is 10 years old is month. In its first decade the De- .rtment has faced new problems that =re foreseen only by a very few far- ;hted persons during the 30-year strug- e to estabish such a Department. Our pool population, for example, has 'creased from 37 million in 1952 to 52 allion in 1962, and the. number of per- ils 65 years or over has increased from - million to 17 million in the same -cade. Great numbers of our citizens -e moving from farm to city; our eco- :)my has grown from $365 billion in 1953 $544 billion in-1962. These changes have brought social and ronomic problems of vital concern to EW, and the Department has become -ore and more concerned about the 'im- act of such change upon the citizens of ar Nation. The present Secretary, rlthony Celebrezze, has said that it will the responsibility of the Department t the next decade, as it was during the rst 10 years, to help make available to l - citizens full opportunities for the svelopment of their talents and abilities. The Secretary's words were printed in n introduction to the April 1963 edition the HEW Indicators. The same in- -oduction also summarizes the history aid importance of the Department. I sk unanimous consent to have it printed a the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. There being no objection, the intro- nlction was ordered to be printed in the -ECORD, as follows: ' - THE FIRST DECADE: CHANGE AND CHALLENGE This year marks the 10th anniversary of is Department of Health, Education, and Welfare-the newest Federal agency to be =presented in the President's Cabinet. -How- ver, the responsibilities it bears fort ewell .eing of the American people date back to ae early years of our Republic. They began in 1785, when the Congress of he Confederation made. grants of public ands to the States for public schools. They were added to in 1798, when the Fifth Congress established the Marine Hospital Service-forerunner of today's Public Health Service. In 1867 the Federal Office of Education was established; in 1907 the Food and Drug Ad- ministration began as the Bureau of Chem- istry in the Department of Agriculture; in 1912 the Children's Bureau was established; in 1920 the predecessor of the present Voca- tional Rehabilitation Administration began its important work; and in 1935 the Social Security Board was organized. All these agencies were brought together in 1939 under the framework of the Federal Security Agency, and 14 years later the Agency was given Cabinet status when it be- came the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. In this - chronology of the Department's growth, we can trace the Nation's growing recognition of the - need for Federal partici- pation in promoting the general welfare of the American people. Through periods of prosperity and depression, through civil strife and world conflict, the Federal Gov- ernment has shared in the national concern for the well-being of every citizen. We are now in an era of change and chal- lenge which in many ways eclipses those critical periods of our past. We are in the midst of a technological revolution which is changing the pattern of life and work of the American people. As our national strength and prosperity have increased, we have grown more and more aware of pressing problems within our society which cry out for -solution-prob- lems of grJt magnitude and complexity that are beyond the resources of the individual and his local and State governments. Some of these problems have long been with us and require solution even more ur- gently today; some are the outgrowth of the technological forces which are altering our society; others have arisen as a natural con- sequence of the higher human expectations of larger numbers of citizens. In education, for example, we have a short- age of facilities and well-trained teachers at the same time that we face increasing de- mands for more schooling for more people. We have millions of young people and mil- lions of adults whose lack of adequate edu- cation prevents them from enjoying a full measure of the Nation's prosperity and from making their full contribution to society. _ Our aged men and women, those in the lowest income group and most subject to ill- ness, have tragically inadequate insurance against the high cost of hospital care and related health services. Other problems in our society represent an appalling waste of human lives and hu- man potential: mental illness and mental re- tardation, drug addiction, accidents, juvenile delinquency. Increasingly we are concerned with prob- lems of air and water pollution, and the pro- liferation of chemicals in the production and processing of foods. In the following pages are summarized the progress this Department has made during the past decade In carrying out its responsi- bilities for the well-being of the American people. As we review the successes of the Depart- ment's first 10 years, let us look forward to a second decade of helping to make avail- able to all citizens full opportunities for the development of their talents and abili- ties. These are our most precious re- sources-our hope for the future. ANTHONY J. CELEBREZZE, Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare. 6101 THE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS-PAY- MENT IN GOLD FOR U.S. ASSETS ABROAD Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, on Feb- ruary'14, I spoke in the Senate about reports in the press and on the radio that France might organize with other countries of Western Europe to demand payment in gold for the U.S. assets they hold. I have already placed in the RECORD the reply I received from Treasury Sec- retary Dillon to my inquiry about the truth of these allegations. That mate- rial, as it relates to France, appears in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD for Febru- ary 28. Today I wish to insert material on this subject sent to me by the Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany, and I ask unanimous consent to have it printed at this point. There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: Facts regarding the position of the Federal Republic of Germany with respect to the United States balance of payment [Millions of dollars] Imports ---------------- Exports---------------- U.S.surplus ------ German trade with the United States 1,422.5 886.6 1,515.8 870. 1 1,758.3 965.7 NOTE.-The above mentioned figures include Ger- man purchases of United States military equipments. (2) The German Government agreed in buying U.S. military equipment for approxi- mately $700 millions annually. This amount matches the annual military expenditures - of the United States in Germany. The Fed- eral Republic of Germany makes anticipated payments for the supply of military equip- ments generating additional receipts in the framework of the U.S. balance of payments. (3) In 1961 the Federal Republic of Ger- many made a debt prepayment in the amount of $587 million, larger than any other prepayment made by any other coun- try. (4) The "Deutsche Bundesbank" (the in- dependent central bank in Germany) has concluded "swap" agreements in the amount of $150 million with the U.S. monetary au- thorities in 1962. (5) The Bundesbank has credited to the Treasury deutsche marks in the amount of $200 million against medium-term bonds in January and February 1963. (6) During 1962 the Bundesbank has bought practically no gold from the U.S. monetary authorities although the German short-term claims climbed near to the $3 billion mark. (7) Mr. Blessing, the president of the Bundesbank, and other top ranking German bankers have declared repeatedly and pub- licly their confidence in the soundness of the U.S. currency thus contributing con- siderably to the stability of the dollar in the German and the international finance mar- ket. Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, while I am somewhat reassured by the coopera- tion Germany has extended us so far on this financial problem, I do not view with any assurance at all the continuation of such large obligations in the hands of Approved For Release 2001/07/26 : CIA-RDP65B00383R000200210009-0 oved For Release 2001/07~ GCIAE- SDQNAL RECORD 200 SENATE b1 N A both Germany and France. As this data indicates, West Germany has short-term U.S. claims close to $3 billion in value. France has claims on us of at least $ 1 billion. The United States must make every effort to reduce these obligations in Western Europe just as fast as possible. A 1962 report of the Joint Economic Committee on this subject made this ob- servation : The tendency for countries like Germany, France, and Italy to continue accumulating gold and dollars rather than to spend more of their rising export income on imports, on ,capital investment in other countries, and on foreign aid, has been responsible for a large part of the free world's payments Im- balance. The report I have quoted from is en- titled, "U.S. Payments Policies Consist- ent with Domestic Objectives of Maxi- mum Employment and Growth," and is a report of the subcommittee on inter- national exchange and payments. I shall have more to say on this sub- ject at a future date, but in the mean- time, I welcome the statement from West Germany and I hope we can continue to count on her help in easing what has become for us a serious financial prob- lem. EASTER, 1963 Mr. IDEATING. Mr. President, wi the advent of the joyous season of Easter, it is fitting that we pause in reverent contemplation of the meaning to the Christian world of the momentous event which renders this commemoration so sacred, so historic, so Imperishable. Easter is at once a feast of solemnity and joy, a-call to the silence of adoration and to the ecstasy of rapture, as the full significance of the Resurrection touches our hearts. As His death was the ulti- mate-expression of Christ's love for man, so was His Resurrection an affirmation of the eternal victory of the spirit over the flesh. This sublime event symbolizes as well the high destiny reserved to God- created man, and reminds us anew of the common brotherhood we share in this mortal world, and of the deep and hallowed obligations such a brotherhood imposes. May the sacred and joyous feast of Easter find voice in our lives as well as in our thoughts, and make us more worthy of the love that has made this moment immortal in the his- tory of Christian man. PAN AMERICAN DAY, 1963 Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. Mr. President, April 14 marks an anniver- sary of unusual significance to Ameri- cans. It is the 73d anniversary of the inter-American system, and it is called Pan American Day. This system of free and sovereign nations, now formally em- bodied in the Organization of American States, is the oldest international or- ganizatigg~n of its type in the modem world. We Americans of the north are proud of this Organization. We are ? proud of its concepts of equality, peace- ful settlement of disputes, and coopera- tion for mutual social, economic, and cultural betterment for the peoples of the Western Hemisphere, It was the "George Washington" of South America, Simon Bolivar, who first envisaged and tried to organize the young nations of the Western Hemisphere, newly independent of European colonial- ism. These earliest efforts failed to crys- tallize, and it was not until 1890, at the initiative of the Secretary of State, James Blaine, that the First Internation- al Conference of American States was held here in Washington, and the pan- American idea took concrete form. Since that time, this oldest of inter- national organizations has come a long way. One of the fundamental precepts of the pan-American idea was that here, In the New World, we Americans could start afresh on a system of international relations which would differ from the older European habits of wars and en- tanglements. In these limited aims we have been largely successful. But it is the more recent, positive aims that we Americans have set for ourselves that challenge our concept of peaceful co- operation for progress. The Alliance for Progress embodies these positive aims of the Organization of American States. We must not weary of the burdens or the complexities of the noble tasks which we have set for our- selves, but on this 73d Pan American Day must dedicate ourselves anew to the ac- complishment of hemispheric solidarity, peaceful progress, and justice ai,,d equal- ity for all Americans. THE YOUTH CORPS BILL Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent to have printed in the Rxeosn letters I have received in sup- port of the Youth Corps bill, passed yes- terday, from three prominent citizens of my State of Oregon. There being no objection, the letters were ordered to be printed in the REcoan, as follows: Cmcurr COURT or THE STATE OF OREGON, Salem, Oreg., April 5, 1963. Hon. WAYNx Moess, U.S. Senator, Washington, D.C. DzAa SENATOR MoasE: I urge favorable ac- tion by this session of Congress on Senate bill 1 and House bill 1800. The immediate development of youth work camps and em- ployment programs are a must in an effec- tive attack on the serious and the Increasing problem of delinquency that faces America today. This proposed legislation is necessary to help youth with problems-problems that are daily becoming more imminent because of the lack of employment for youth and because to many youngsters, who are school dropouts, find themselves walking the streets in idleness and no foreseeable purpose In life. We must act now to help those unfortu- nate products of our rapidly changing society accelerated by automation and other aspects of this technological age. Yours very truly, Josatm B. FELTON, Circuit Judge. PAuLsti OF ST. MAas TH a EVANGELIST, Hood River, Oreg., April 3, 1983. Non. WAYNE Moass, Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C. DEAR SsxAToa Moasz: Grace be unto you and peace from God our Father and from the Iwrd Jesus Christ; , April 11 I would add my voice to the several with whom I've had the opportunity to discuss the matter on urging your support of the Youth Employment Act of 1963 (S. 1 and H.R. 1890). Even in such communities as Hood River, which certainly has a present low youth problem, the situation facing the young men and women who can neither go on to school or find adequate employment; or who are for that matter, potential delinquency can- didates, we recognize a definite need for adequate program. We have pioneered the summer work camp, and the benefits of this bill would certainly extend the effectiveness of such programs. Perhaps the opponents to this measure (and I understand it is being opposed main- ly on cost) should see that a few millions of dollars spent in saving youth is better spent than $1 building weapons which could destroy them. Thank you. Sincerely, OMCx OF COUNTY COURT OF POLK COUNTY, Dallas, Oregon, April 3, 1963. Sen. WAYNE Moasa, U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C. Da=.a WAYNE: I am writing to you in re- gard to Senate bill 1 that I believe is in committee at this time, and would like to express my Interest in this type legislation. Although I do not approve of all provisions of the bill, I think it is a splendid start in the right direction. I believe the original CCC we worked under during the depres- sion would come as near accomplishing the desired results with our many unemployed young men. I also believe the time is at hand when we must realize the seriousness of the unemployed youth in our country and, under our present system of automa- tion, it Is Impossible for all of them to find jobs. The last report I read in the Juvenile Journal, we have seven hundred thousand youths drop out of high school every year who are ill prepared to meet the challenge of today's living standards. Serving in the capacity of Juvenile Judge, many young p--o- ple come before me through out the year re- questing a chance for employment and of course, we have nothing to offer them. I am sure If we had something of the YCO program it would give these young people a chance to keep busy and have a tendency to lead them away from a life of delinquecy, giving them a good foundation for citizens of our country. If there is anything I can do on the home front to help promote this type legislation, feel free to call upon me. At your conven- ience, please keep me informed as to the status of the bill at this time. Sincerely yours, C. M. BARNHART. PA.-I intended to include this in my let- ter too: Many of us In the county are great- ly disappointed with the accelerated work program that was inaugurated by Congress. I am sure the people who sponsored this bill had no intention that the Government agen- cies, such as the Agriculture and Interior Departments, would take advantage of the moneys that were appropriated. They al- ready come under the national budget for large sums and I feel this money should have been, and was intended to be. for local programs and be distributed to take care of the unemployed situation throughout the_. country. As I understand the bill, it calls for $900 million, but only $440 million was appropriated. I hope Congress sees fit to appropriate the other $500 million and tie it up so that it will be assured it will go to small local projects in communities throughout the United Suttee. Approved For Release 2001/07/26: CIA-RDP65B00383R000200210009-0