' 'YET IF AMERICANS OBJECT TOO STRENUOUSLY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP66B00403R000200150024-6
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 2
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 29, 2004
• Sequence Number: 24
• Publication Date: June 17, 1964
• Content Type: OPEN

1964
'A merloana obJect too strenuously
to such things they are severely reprimanded
for not bung cooperative: with their Viet-
namese, cbttnter arts'
Comments (If))y It is true that animosity
exists In some areas between ?VN and Mon-
tagnards. 'The generalization"that Montag-
nards are "the best soldiers" in the Vii
Army is not generally accepted, though some
are' Certainly very brave. The statement re-
flects vToo?re's opinion and not the views
of theU.S. Ti1iilitar1 Assistance 1pommand,
Vietnam.
With respect to camp commanders keeping
the pay of deserters: Under the established
procedures, this is not possible since each
Individual's receipt of pay is overseen by a
USSF- officer. There has been "no evidence
of such violation. VSSPpersonnel are not
only not reprimanded " but are encouraged
to report any inefficiency or irregularity.
Moore article: (11) Redtape and delay:
"The biggest single fault in the Vietnamese
military system is Its chronic inability to
react quickly.
+"On March 26, two Americans were reported
overdue and presumed down on a flight over
a jungle area. Vietnamese rangers were
asked to join the ground search * * * (sev-
eral points omitted)'* ? * it was April 3,
8 days after the plane went down, that the
search finally got underway."
Comments: (11) Although reaction has
been slow in some Instances, these occur-
relices can be attributed to' a lack of ade-
quate prior planning and co ordination: The
correction of this deficiency is a major ob-
jective of `the U.S. advisory effort.
Regarding the example cited, Mr. Moore
fails to mention that all available air ele-
ments were committed to_the search as soon
as it was' established that the aircraft was
missing and presumed' "down. 'Likewise.
other ground elements were cdrnrnit#ed with-
out delay and'the search is still going on,
though "on a reduced scale. It is a gross
Injustice to the search and rescue operation
in RV14 to'imply that it was not until 8 days
after the plane went clown that a search was
initiated:
Moore article: (12) "At one _13 team I found
the operations officer Iauglifng wryly over
"the translation_of a recent directive. Viet-
cong 'snipers picking ' off" a few men were
'Outing whole companies and battalions.
U.S, advisers showed the Vietnamese how to
dispatch sduads `to kill or drive' off the snip-
ers. The Americans were pleased when a
directive on their methods of dealing with
snipers went out from corps headquarters.
` A few weeks lafer, however, the tactical
genius of`the Vietnamese military mind came
forth, in a" new-communique. It instructed
units coming under Vietcong sniper fire to
withdraw-leaving ambushes in case the
sniper charged.' `Comments: (12) There is no evidence
known indicating that such a directive as
mentioned by h oore has ever been issued.
Moore tide: ' (13) " facretaiy McNainara
talks abnu sending more supplies and equip-
ment to help the Vietnamese with their war
against communism. This is fine, except that
by and large the Vietnamese have no concept
of maintenance much less preventive main-
tenance, Tnless Americans are maintaining
the equipment here" it' quickly deteriorates
from sheer lack of care-and then the Viet-
namese ask fo_r" more,
Qomnients (13) I$ue to constant advisory
effort and training programs, preventive
maintenance ini the _1,NA1' has reached rea-
sonable levels o,)'._ effectiveness although still
deficient in some: respects by American stand-
ards. higher echelon maintenance by field
and base depots' compares -1 f I avorably with
'CONGRESSIONAL RECbRn HOUSE
out of range of ground fire, and then flying
back without even trying to pick up the
wounded that I decided to go along on an
all-Vietnamese evacuation flight.
"'Over and over again,' Mr. Moore says,
'U.S. advisers reported the terrible fall in
morale among he Vietnamese troops when
they realized that their own pilots were
afraid to come down in Vietcong-infested
jungles to pick up the wounded. The ground
troops automatically gave up hope when they
saw the yellow streak on the choppers high
above.' "
Comments: (14) With respect to evacua-
tion of wounded, it must be recognized that
some of the operational areas require ex-
tremely skilled piloting of helicopters. It is
agreed that some evacuation missions re-
quested of the VNAF failed. The opinion
that the VN pilots are cowardly is not shared
by those who live in this environment.
Moore article: (15) "So far, holding opera-
tions by the Vietnamese alone have not been
successful.
"Until the Vietnamese muster the courage
to go out at night and patrol the areas they
are supposed to be securing, the entire clear-
and-hold concept is a joke."
Comments: (15) Many aspects are involved
in a clear-and-hold operation. Moore's gen-
eralization that the VN do not conduct night
operations was at one time partially true.
In recent months many VN units have been
conducting extensive operations at night-
time. The newly approved national pacifica-
tion plan provides a plan and a sound
method for improving the effectiveness of
clear-and-hold operations.
Moore article: (16) "Solution: U.S. con-
trol: After watching the war in Vietnam for
4 months, this American writer has reached
this overall conclusion:
"Until the Vietnamese military develops
the will to win and the courage to face the
enemy unflinchingly by day or by night, even
if outnumbered, the war against communism
in Vietnam will not be won-no matter if
we pour in $3 or $4 or $5 million a day In aid.
"The only realistic solution that most
Americans see in Vietnam is for the United
States to take operational control of the war
away from the luxury-loving, coup d'etat-
minded, casualty-fearing Vietnames officer
corps until such time as they can develop
the leadership necessary to win the war. If
we do not take operational control, we merely
waste lives and money in a hopeless stale-
mate."
Comments: (16) Under the leadership of
General Khanh, the GVN is gearing up to
pacify the country, recognizing that the
effort will be long and hard. Military Assist-
ance Command, Vietnam, does not subscribe
to the thesis that the pacification cannot go
forward under Khanh's direction.
Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. Mr. Speaker, I
shall not attempt to examine point by
point the validity of the DOD's argu-
merits attempting to refute Mr. Moore's
criticisms and-careful- recommendations. I leave
that for the reader to judge for
himself. I would point out, however, that
Mr. Moore repeatedly emphasized that
his experience was for the most part lim-
ited to the fighting level rather than the
command or policy level. But, as anyone
Who has ever been connected with any of
the military services will recognize, there
is often a wide discrepancy between the
official view of the conduct of the military
operation and the facts as they present
themselves to the men who must execute
the orders.
that of tl}e II S Ar
- k a For any
dus
Moore article; (1 e card so many
stories 1abput tie Vietnamese pilots flying of the Armed Services Committee and
over the- evacuation, site ;fit 6,000 feet, well others, when he was in Washington, and
vpproved For Rse 2005/01/05 CIA-RDP66B00403R&W'200150024-6
13609
that was immediately upon his return
from southeast Asia where he had been
fighting with our troops and the Viet-
namese troops, and at the suggestion of
the gentleman from Georgia, Chairman
VINSON, Mr. Moore personally presented
his views to high-ranking Pentagon offi-
cials. Mr. Moore stated to me that he
found these officials most interested in his
appraisal of the Vietnamese situation.
I would point out that just the other day
when Secretary of the Army Ailes was
before our committee I asked him if he
had any reason to doubt the integrity of
Mr. Moore, and he said he did not.
The course of the war effort in South
Vietnam can only suggest, I believe, that
Mr. Moore's view of the situation there is
of greater validity and importance than
the Pentagon would care to admit, pub-
licly or privately. Indeed, many of the
Pentagon's arguments are defensively
couched in the assertion that while what
Mr. Moore says may have been true at
one time, it is no longer so and in any
event reforms have already been insti-
tuted. I would only point out that Mr.
Moore was in Saigon at the time of Secre-
tary McNamara's last visit, and it is
rather unlikely that such a radical shift
in developments could have been accom-
plished in the space of a few days or
weeks.
I think-my colleagues will agree that
the DOD statement contains nothing that
would justify a "confidential" classifica-
tion. What it does contain reveals only
the transparency of the ringing phrases
and official optimism that has been pre-
sented to the American people as the true
situation in Vietnam. We are ever being
assured that the Government's foreign
policy in this and in other parts of the
world is based upon sound reasons which
allegedly, cannot be revealed or debated
for reasons of national security. Yet this
declassified policy statement leaves one
with the feeling that what is at stake
here is not any issue of national security
but of the "security" of the position of the
administration's defense officials. The
fact, of course, that this document has
been declassified only substantiates the
lack of grounds for the original classifica-
tion. This incident of the operation of
the Defense Department here in Wash-
ington can only serve to give credence to
criticisms of the operation of our defense.
and foreign policies in parts of the world
far removed from. the scrutiny of the
American public and the Congress. In
conclusion, Mr. Speaker, I say it is time
for the administration's officials to be
more forthright with the American
people.
JOHN F. KENNEDY CENTER FOR THE
PERFORMING ARTS-REPORT ON
THE UNIVERSITY THEATER FES-
TIVAL
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr.
LIBONATI). Under previous order of the
House, the gentleman from Delaware
[Mr. McDowELL] is recognized for 10
minutes.
R~p~ Mr. Speaker, a na-
3o9 %%*nQd not only to dem-
onstrate the cultural contribution of our
country's colleges and universities, but
 Approver Release 2005/01/05 : CIA-RDP66B00403R000200150024-6
13610
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE _ June 17
one which Is expected to be of maximum
benefit to students, is planned for the
spring of 1985 in Washington, D.C. The
festival will be sponsored by the John F.
Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts,
the American Educational Theater Asso-
ciation, and the American National
Theater and Academy.
I am very pleased that Dr. C. Robert
Kase, head of the drama department of
the University of Delaware, has been
chosen to be national coordinator, and I
include his report on the significant new
national festival which was published In
the June 1984 Issue of the Footlight,
.monthly newsletter of the John F. Ken-
nedy Center for the Performing Arts.
A REPORT ON THE PROGRESS OF THE NATIONAL
UNIVERSITY THEATEa FESTIVAL
(By Dr. C. Robert Ease, University of Dela-
ware, national coordinator for the selection
committee)
During the past month college and univer.
sity theaters have been submitting their
applications for the National University
Theater Festival scheduled for the spring of
1966. Jointly sponsored by the John F. Ken-
nedy Center, the American Educational Thea-
ter Association and the American National
Theater and Academy, the festival will be
one of the first major 'national activities of
the center. It will also be the first event of
national scope to reflect the quality and ex-
tent of theater production in American col-
leges.
Any theater organization in an accredited
college or university is eligible to participate.
Applications are first submitted to regional
committees, which screen these carefully.
making recommendations for the final selec-
tion to the central committee before Novem-
ber 1, 1984.
The final selection will determine the col-
lege theaters which will present their per-
formances in Washington during the festival,
which is scheduled for the weeks of March
21, 28, and April 5. 1965. Whether 8 or 12
colleges will participate depends upon the
funds available.
In a series of resolutions adopted by the
central committee 1 in New York last Feb-
ruary, the general plans for the festival were
set forth. Each company will play a split
week, giving two or three performances. By
using two theaters-the Kennedy Center
will, of course, not yet be available-and
staggering matinees each group will be able
to see three plays by other colleges during
its week's stay in Washington.
The companies will be limited to 20 mem-
bers, including a faculty escort. No limita-
tions will be placed upon the types or length
of plays selected for production in order that
the festival may truly reflect the theatrical
work being carried on in the colleges and
universities throughout the country. An
effort will be made to provide two types of
theaters, one for arena and one for prosce-
nium staging. Costs of transporting com-
pany and scenery, and a per diem to cover
living expenses en route and In Washington,
will be provided.
The festival is designed not only to dem-
onstrate the cultural contribution of college
theater, but also to be of maximum benefit
to the student performers. The central com-
mittee proposes to Include in the program
conducted tours of the cultural centers of
our Nation's Capital, the briefing of the
groups by members of foreign embassies In
the theaters of their respective countries,
critiques of productions by experts and pro-
fessional newspaper critics, and an oppor-
tunity to am and profit by the performances
and production of their contemporaries.
It is anticipated that the national festival
will stimulate the organization of regional
festivals. Already region IT, which Includes
southern California and Arizona. Is planning
a fail festival which will be used as a basis
for the recommendations by its regional
committee.
Since the preliminary screening is being
taken care of by the regional committees,
colleges should address all Inquiries to the
chairman of the regional committee for his
area. These regions are the same as those
set up by ANTA and AETA. Information
concerning the name of the chairman for
any particular region may be obtained from
the office of the national coordinator, Uni-
versity of Delaware, Newark, Del.
EMANCIPATION: HISTORY'S
FANTASTIC REVERIE
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Lis-
oNAT1). Under previous order of the
House the gentleman from Michigan
[Mr. DIGGSI is recognized for 30 minutes.
Mr. DIGGS. Mr. Speaker, Dr. Dwight
L. Dumond, professor of history, the
University of Michigan, is a widely read
and honored authority on the subjects
of antislavery In America and civil
rights. Last October he was guest speak-
er at the 48th annual meeting of the
Association for the Study of Negro Life
and History, held at Virginia State Col-
lege. I call to the attention of Members
of Congress, of both bodies, his monu-
mental address, "Emancipation: His-
tory's Fantastic Reverie." It Is essen-
tially a message to Members of Congress
and, in this case, It is an extreme mis-
fortune that It could not have been per-
sonally conveyed from the floors of the
House and the Senate by Dr. Dumond.
Just now, as enactment of the Civil
Rights Act of 1964 continues to be frus-
trated in the Senate by the same viru-
lence of racialism which has plagued this
Nation throughout its history and kept it
from fulfilling Its destiny as a democratic
society, this message Js prophetic and
urgent.
The address follows:
EMANCIPATION: HISTORY'S FANTASTIC REVERIE
(Address by Prof. Dwight L. Dumond)
It is my settled conviction that the four
documents most important to the building
of this Nation are the New Testament, the
Declaration of Independence, the Consti-
tution of 1787. and the Emancipation
Proclamation. If we were to add a filth, it
would have to be the 14th amendment. The
first contains God's plan i?r individual sal-
vation and ultimate perfection of the human
race. The second is a testament of faith;
a seemingly perfect definition of manhood;
an acknowledgement of man's intellectual
'Members of the central committee: capacity and moral responsibility for self-
James H. Butler, University of Southern government. The third Is the supreme law
California; Randolph Edmonds, Florida of the most perfect establishment in re-
A. & M. University; Kenneth Graham, Uni- corded history for the cultivation of man's
versity of Minnesota; Edward Cole, Yale Uni- spiritual and Intellectual freedom. The
times that "wrapped up in that famous tril-
ogy are the social teachings of Jesus, the
philosophy of Locke, and the legal principles
of Blackstone. Keep it in the proper his-
torical perspective and everything is there:
God and man-the natural rights of man-
men and government-mutual obligations of
allegiance and security-due process-equal-
Ity of all men In the endowment of rights,
the security of rights, the exercise of rights,
before the law and in the halls of justice."
The Founding Fathers established a vast
store of credit throughout the world for
virtue and high mindedness by the first
sentence of the declaration. It was a com-
pendium of Christian faith. It was a pros-
pectus of democratic philosophy. It stated
without equivocation the equality of all men
in the sight of God. These men dedicated
the Nation to freedom, in every age and every
place the incontestable right to know all
things and to act by choice. They dedicated
the Nation to equality In all things without
reservation, so completely In fact that slavery
was swept away north of Virginia and could
have been struck down everywhere by judi-
cial decree.
Some of the men who framed the Consti-
tution may have believed the declaration to
have been a glittering generality. Some may
have been Influenced by greed. Some may
have been moral hypocrites. Some simply
lacked perspective, or were devotees of de-
centralization of power, or actually believed
in biological inequality and racial inferiority.
Or they may have believed In gradualism, and
felt they were making adequate provision
for the ultimate abolition of slavery. What-
ever the cause of their weakness, they failed.
Most people In the country at large were
satisfied with the achievement of Independ-
ence and establishment of a stable govern-
ment by the Constitutional Convention.
This was true of members of the several rati-
fying conventions. They placed their trust in
God without realizing He needs a little help,
and that trait has remained constant to the
present time. I never cease to be amazed at
the ability of Christians to adjust to the most
grievous wrongs of civil government. In
this first stage of our reverie we established
a government based upon the principles of
the Declaration but continued slavery which
ate at the vitals of Union and democratic
institutions. Nearly a century later, we freed
the slaves by a great civil war without defin-
ing emancipation or correcting the glaring
weaknesses of political organization.. Now,
after another century we face a worldwide
revolution of Immense proportions, still talk
In riddles, and seem to think if we wait long
enough our troubles will all go away.
Racialism is-a myth. Out of it has come
a whole progeny of evils. Its survival in the
United States Is rationally inconceivable.
A discussion of it would seem to be outside
the realm of scholarship. It belongs to in-
tellectual pygmies who neither know nor
respect basic principles of religion, science,
or history. It belongs to fantasy and legend.
How many people have subscribed to it at
any given time or place is a moot question.
Too many, of course.
Slavery enshrined the doctrine and the
Constitution did not strike it down. The
Declaration said all men are endowed by their
Creator with the inalienable right to life, lib-
erty, and the pursuit of happiness. The Con-
stitution said no person should be deprived
of life, liberty, or property without due proc-
ess of law; but it also allowed slaves to be
Imported for 20 years. It allowed slave mas-
ters to roam the entire country seizing peo-
ple and carrying them off to an infinitude
of slavery, and It established a political eys-
versity; Leonard Leone, Wayne State Uni- fourth is the basic charter of freedom for a tem incorporating the repugnant principle
versity; Father Gilbert Hi IQ-tidc% r- R&eeset2OO /O'/@OplC ?6B0(4O3RUOOO0 should have
versity: Stanley Young, A A; Loren Win- previous error and a simple act of justice extra political power the ngress and the
ship, University of Texas; C. Robert Kass, by the highest authority of the Nation. As electoral college. It allowed the States to
University of Delaware, national coordinator, to the filth, I say again, as I have said many retain the police powers under which slavery