MOMENT OF TRUTH FOR THE OAS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP66B00403R000200170087-5
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 2
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 3, 2005
• Sequence Number: 87
• Publication Date: March 6, 1964
• Content Type: OPEN

196.E
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD SENATE
catlonal; shocpmmgs_ of these schools
should be re etfied, The prolonged m s
treatment o, the oyersea eachers should
be rectified in order that' their salaries
may be paid in conformity with the law
of this land.
I asn deeply disappointed with the con-
treatent given
tiriued. substandard be-'--_
these teachers by'the partment of De-
fense and appeal to this body to rise as
one to correct the obvious and myriad
problems of the oversea dependents
schools.
MISSILE RELIABILITY-A QUESTION
OF PACT
Mr. SIMPSON. Mr. President, few
controversies in recent weeks have elici-
ted such cries of outraged indignation
from the Johnson administration as
those which met the statement by the
Senator from . Arizona[Mr. GOLDWATER]
that this Nation's missile weapons sys-
tems left something to be desired in the.
As all Members of this body are aware,
Mr. President, the statement by the Sen-
ator from Arizona was countered with a
heated denial by Secretary 'of Defense
Robert McNamara, who termed' the
charge "completely misleading, politi-
cally irresponsible, and damaging to the
tary of Defense, a transcript of hearings
held by the Senate Committee on Armed
Services only a year ago reveals that Mr,
McNamara, h imself ? had testified that
none of our missile weapons systems had
passed reliability tests. Because this tes-
timony by the Secretary of Defense, un-
der questioning by the distinguished Sen-
ator from Mississippi [Mr. STENNIS] so
vitally concerns the current charges and
countercharges about our'national secu-
rity, I ask that the exchange, as, taken
from pages 95 and 96 of the published
hearings of the Committee on Armed
Services on February 20, 1963, be printed
in the RECORD,
There being no objection, the state-
ment was ordered to be printed in the
RECORD, as follows:
Senator STENNIS. This is not a matter of
thought control and anything like that, or
news control. That is not the issue, as I see
It, This. is a matter of national security,
nd I believe In whopping up our side, but
that doesn't mean: being misleading.
Now, that is the background.
I am advised with reference to-the Minute -
man, for instance, considered a proven weap-
ons system, that so far there have been only
two Minuteman firings at Vandenberg Air
Force Base and that they have been both
unsuccessful.
Do you recall, is that correct?
Secretary MCNAMARA. I understand there
have been four, and all unsuccessful..
Senator STENNIS? Pour.
Secretary MCNAMARA, The Minuteman is
operational In the sense that the first flight
has been turned over to the Air Force and
is operated by operational personnel, but it
has only been a matter of days since that
happened. [Deleted.] The Air Force has
done, I think, a truly remarkable job in
bringing that system in rapidly and well.
[Deleted.]
Senator STENNIS. I wasn't suggesting it
was unreliable, either, but my point is that
It is not yet proven-
Secretary MCNAMARA. It Is not yet,
Senator STENNIS. [Deleted.]
Secretary MCNAMARA. I think that is a fair
statement.
Senator STENNIS. I understand further
that you have had serious problems, too, in
the Minuteman guidance system, and that
of the eight Minuteman tests which were
scheduled at Vandenberg to take place be-
tween June 11, 1962, and February 15, 1963,
that the actual launchings were only two,
and that they were both unsuccessful. You
say there were four and how many of them
were unsuccessful?
Secretary McNAMARA. There were four
launchings, all unsuccessful, I believe.
Senator STENNIS. Yes.
Now, this Titan II is scheduled to be op-
erational this year, in March, although the
only launch of a Titan U at Vandenberg
was last week, and this missile blew up
shortly after the launch, is that correct?
Secretary McNAMARA. Yes.
Senator STENNIS. You can't consider it
then a proven weapons system.
Secretary McNAMARA, I don't believe, Sen-
ator Stennis, that we can consider any of
our missile systems today, proven in the
sense in which you are using the word.
Senator STENNIS. That was my next ques-
tion, just what, if any, of them do you con-
sider a proven weapons system?
Secretary MCNAMARA. I don't believe any of
them are proven in the sense you are using
the word. For statistical reasons, based on
the law of probability, we must carry out a
specified number of launchings under opera-
tional conditions in order to develop any
accurate estimate of missile reliability. None
of the weapons systems have passed through
that what I call reliability testing program
as yet. They haven't passed through it be-
cause of lack of time.
OUR UNCIVIL TREATMENT OF CIVIL
SERVAN'T'S
Mr. MUSKIE. Mr. President, in our
so,iety the politican is a favorite target
of criticism, sometimes deserved but so
often unjustified. Dedication to duty,
positive accomplishments are overlooked
while extraneous issues become all im-
portant.
The noted columnist Paul Harvey ef-
fectively described this attitude in a
recent column which I think it would be
well for every American to review. I ask
unanimous consent that Mr. Harvey's
column be printed in the RECORD at this
point.
There being no objection, the article
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
OUR UNCIVIL TREATMENT OF CIVIL SERVANTS
(By Paul Harvey)
You and I would not think of treating the
servants in our kitchen the way we treat our
civil servants.
A businessman with- money is respected.
A politician with money is suspected.
In business, reciprocity is necessary, pru-
dent, and wise.
In politics it's called "a deal."
You make a gigantic mistake in business,
you declare bankruptcy.
You make a gigantic mistake in politics,
you and your family are permanently dis-
graced.
The businessman offers a bribe, "that's
business."
A politician accepts a bribe, "that's a
crime."
Defenders of this double standard insist
that what politicians do is "public," what in-
dustry does is "private." Why?
4507
Does that defense really make sense when
the consuming public pays for the hanky-
panky in industry as surely as the taxpaying
public pays for the politician's boondoggle?
Another thing: It's smart for a "working
man" to get more than he's worth for work-
ing less than he's able.
But the politician is expected to "sacri-
fice," to accept less than he's worth, but be
always "on duty."
And who ever heard of time-and-a-half for
a Congressman?
A factory hand tries to get into to see the
chairman of the board and he'll get old wait-
ing.
In politics your door is expected to be open
all the time, you are expected to be available
to anybody.
That's not all: In business, longtime ex-
perience is an asset, an endorsement, a vir-
tue.
in politics too long and you're a "hack."
A businessman's careless remark would
never get out of the board room.
A politician's total image is crucified by
one, Intemperate utterance quoted out of
cotext.
The press contributes to this double-
standard; let's admit it. There are too
many "it has been rumored" accusations
about politicians which get printed on the
front page and retracted, if at all, somewhere
in the want ads.
If you are in one business and buy stock
in others, you are "diversifying."
If you are a politician with outside income,
you are "profiteering."
If you give a few hours to the community
fund you are hailed as a selfless, public-
spirited citizen.
A lawmaker sacrifices precious months out
of his year to attend legislative sessions and
you wonder "what's he getting out of it?"
The Subcommittee on Labor and Public
Welfare recently published a report called
"Ethical Standards in Government." It was
the judgment of the committee that ethical
standards among public officials are generally
higher than those prevailing in so-called pri-
vate business.
In a Republic we elect men to do our de-
ciding for us.
Theoretically we elect our best men. Ac-
tually we tend to elect men our own size.
How is it that we presume to demand of
these ordinary creatures such extraordinary
conduct?
ADDRESS BY SECRETARY WIRTZ AT
NEW REPUBLIC 50TH ANNIVER-
SARY BANQUET
Mr. McGOVERN, Mr. President, last
night I attended the 50th Anniversary
Banquet of the New Republic. This re-
markable journal has for half a century
served as a vehicle for the expression of
stimulating, constructive thought on
-public affairs.
One of the distinguished guests who
addressed the banquet was our brilliant
Secretary of Labor, Mr. Willard Wirtz.
I ask unanimous consent that his superb
address be printed at this point in the
RECORD.
There being no objection, the' address
was ordered to be printed in the REC-
ORD, as follows:
It Is hardly equal time, after reading the
New Republic for over 30 years, to be ra-
tioned to 5 minutes in reply.
Josh Billings was right that "brevity is
the child of silence and a great credit to the
old Mean"but there was good sense, too, in
Woodrow Wilson's unyielding protest against
campaign whistlestop speeches, that "5 min-
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4508 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE March 6
utes Is only time to commit a compound
fracture of an idea."
Gil Harrison's Instructions are not to look
back tonight, but ahead
I see the future more clearly in the soft
lantern light of faith than in the glaring
headlight of reason.
Eternity has already shrunk, in the Illumi-
nation of logic, to a matter of minutes: that
little time that can run while man lives a
single spark away from ultimate destruction,
his knowledge of power daily outstripping
his wisdom about its use, with more and
more of democracy's decisionmakers know-
ing less and less of what they are deciding.
To care about the future only as it will see
the ascendancy of human over material
values is to watch with a fascination that
fights against fear a generation of machines
maturing as no generation of human beings
ever has-so that any moment now some
clanking robot will pull itself erect and an-
nounce: Cogito, ergo gum.
We take, nevertheless, the brief against
that kind of reason, the brief for faith and
for the future.
Children of unfathomable mystery, sur-
rounded still by secrets that dwarf to in-
significance what Is sc far known, we have
no basis-unless the premise be taken as
itself the conclusion-for asserting that only
Wiiat can be proved is true.
The only dangers, except for cataclysmic
accident, are that we will build our syl-
logisms too much on experience, too little
on vision; that we will forget that "the In-
evitable is only what we don't resist" and
the unattainable only what we don't at-
tempt; that we will st,unble and fall on the
sword of our own stupidity.
It is not the stupidity of the Ignorant that
threatens so much as the stupidity of the
successful-who seek to protect their pet-
ty conceits behind maginot lines of race or
religion or geography, content with the lit-
tle innovations of their own dubious piety,
fighting change because the status quo has
been good to them.
The divine right of the successful is as
false a notion as the divine right of kings.
We look ahead ton.ght knowing the fu-
ture is still infinite it we will stretch our
minds far enough and fast enough to keep
ideas abreast of ideals; If we will reassess,
under technology's pressure, the revolution-
ary new relationship between war and peace
and between work and leisure,' if we will
seize the sense of the future that will let
us stand on a clear night and look at a
heaven full of more stars than the number
of all the men and women who have ever
lived, and realize that those stars are now
very close to our reach and are part of our
children's future.
If I am because I think, I will be because
I believe-even if only in the grand mystery
of it all, and that it is worth the eternal
quest.
That search is not wisely or even safely
made alone.
Free minds need testing by free minds, by
critics who are not common scolds, by
wasps with the sense of humor to separate
what is important from what Isn't, by those
who, while "starting little insurrections In
the realm of conviction," still believe in more
than disbelief.
So It is that we depend upon the editors
of the New Republic we who would push
reason beyond reason to faith-in a fuller
MOMENT OF TRUTH FOR THE OAS
Mr. KEATING. Mr. President, the spe-
cial committee appointed by the OAS to
investigate charges of Cuban aggression
against Venezuela has made Its report.
Beyond any doubt it has been proven
with detailed evide?ce and photographs
that a substantial cache of arms was conference on war and peace held in Mexico
buried for use In guerrilla fighting City in 1945 to consider World War II Nazi
against the Government of Venezuela and Fascist threats to the hemisphere.
-_,,, It says. in effect. that if the OA8 finds
any country guilty of
tary eq alpment shipped to Cuba in 1957
They 1:icluded very substantial amounts.
of ammunition, guns, submachine guns
and sc forth, produced in Belgium ir.
1959, s- lipped to Cuba,'and then brought.
to the Latin American continent. Anc.
they a:so included a small boat and out-
board motor shipped from Canada to
Cuba in the fall of 1963, allegedly for
use by poultry experts in the Cubar.
Department of Agriculture.
Mr.'resident, to date, Castro has been
formally accused of aggression by star
different Latin American countries. Cer..
tainly, in this case, the evidence is in..
contro iertible. The question now before
the OP S is a critical one. Will the group
take action and show that It is an effec.
Live International body capable of deal'
ing with aggression and subversion, o:
will It drop the Issue from lack lack of
leader: hip or effective political guidance'
On .,wo previous occasions the OAiI
has m !t to consider the Cuban danger,
and filled to reach meaningful accord
on total isolation of this cancer.
Mr. President. this issue is a critical
one for the future of the OAS, It is most
perceptively analyzed In an article b:f
Charles Keely of the Copley News Serv-
ice. Charles Keely has considerable
backgi ound and experience in reporting
Communist subversion in Cuba and Lath
Amen :a and this article is a lucid expo-
sition of the issue now before the OAc3
and it effect before every nation of this
hernia: there.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent to include following my remarks i3
the RECORD the text of the article by
Charles Keely.
The ?e being no objection, the article
was of dered to be printed in the RECORD,
as foil )ws:
Ot S AaarvE3 AT MOMENT or TanTH
(By Charles Keely)
aggression against one
of its members, a series of sanctions, up to
and Including the use of armed force, can
be Imposed upon the aggressor.
The treaty was used, for example, by
Venezuela in 1960 to impose sanctions on
Dictator Rafael Trujillo who was accused
of trying to assassinate President Romulo
Betancourt. OAS nations broke relations
and applied economic sanctions on the
Dominican Republic.
Whether the OAS will take similar steps
against Castro is the most Intriguing ques-
tion In the hemisphere today. It Is also
one which vitally concerns the Johnson ad-
ministration during this election year.
The Rio Treaty is a cornerstone of the OAS
and inter-American system. To do nothing
to Cuba would solidify criticism of the
OAS as nothing but a debating society and
render the mutual defense pact valueless.
Five Latin nations still maintain diplo-
matic and economic ties with the Castro
regime which was expelled from the OAS in
1962. Brazil, Mexico, Uruguay, Chile, and
Bolivia exchange Ambassadors with Havana
and have limited trade ties with Cuba.
Since Venezuela cannot vote on its own
case, it will take 13 of the OAS members-
or a two-thirds majority-to impose sanc-
tions on Cuba. Nose counting Is already
under way in Washington and throughout
the hemisphere.
Venezuela reportedly will ask the OAS,
probably at a mid-April foreign ministers
conference, to break all hemispheric ties
with Cuba. This would mean the curtail-
ment of only about $16 million In trade.
But it would mean that Castro would have
to close his five Latin embassies, centers of
Communist subversion In Latin America.
It also would mean that Cuba would have
to cease commercial air flights to. Mexico,
her loan remaining transportation link to
Latin America.
The United States is concerned that strong
sanctions might further strain relations with
so-called "neutralist" Latin nations which
still deal with Cubs. But the heat of an
election year is firing up the U.S. stand.
cently told the House Foreign Affairs Com-
mittee that the United States would support
any Venezuelan proposal, Including the
diplomatic and economic sanctions.
Amerlc an States does not impose sanctions
on Cuos, the future of the organization I It has been learned that additional sup-
.:-
self will be endangered. the Costa Rican port may come from unexpected quarters.
Ambas iaidor here said. Venezuela has sent a mission to each of the
"Ver rzuela has presented a clear case of five Latin nations which still recognize Cuba,
Cuban aggression." said Gonzalo Facto, the man attempt to gain support for the sane-
Ambas>ador. "If the OAS does not penal- tions.
Ize the aggressor, the inter-American sy. Bolivia and Uruguay reportedly have
tern Is in jeopardy of collapse." promised President pledges to support his
Fact i'a fears concerning the future of the demands. If these pledges hold, only Chile,
OAS a-e widespread among Latin diplomats Mexico, and Brazil are expected to oppose
and U.S. oflicfals. sanctions. Chile is in the midst of a presi-
"It is the moment of truth." said en dential campaign which the extreme left has
Urugu cyan diplomat. "The Western Hem I_ a chance to win. Brazil's strong leftist
sphere is at the crossroads." movement is friendly to Cuba. Mexico
Facia was Chairman of the OAS Counidi traditionally has opposed Intervention in the
in 1961. He was also a member of the live- affairs of another country and would like the
natior investigating committee that we: it matter to be taken up by the United Nations
to Vei iezueia to look into charges that Ca- where it would certainly die.
tro an uggled arms, agents, ammunition and The issue at stake in the OAS is that after
propaF ands into that country last Noveri- live bids by Castro to openly subvert Latin
nations, Venezuela finally has dragged him
bar. The committee found Cuba guilty, and
has p:esented its finding to the OAS, which If he is not found guilty and severely
penalized, his next aggression could sue-
will consider sanctions against Castro. po
cxissiul, the hemisphere would have e two
To late. Castro has been accused of ag- Cubes, and the Rio Treaty would be reduced
gressbon by six Latin countries -Panama, to a scrap of paper.
the Lominican Republic, Nicaragua, Haiti,
Honduras and Venezuela.
Uncer OA$ laws, this aggression Is in (U-
rect i loiation of the inter-American treaty
of rep iprocat assistance-the so-called 11o
Treat ' of 1947. The pact grew out of the
KING PAUL OF GREECE
Mr. KEATING. Mr. President, it is
with sincere sorrow and regret that the
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