POLICY BACKED

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 82
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 21, 2005
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: February 23, 1966
• Content Type: OPEN

Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SI NATE February 24, 1966
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
abjection, the nomination will be con-
:7idered; and, without objection, the
nomination is confirmed.
NOMINATIONS PLACED ON THE
SECRETARY'S DESK
The legislative clerk proceeded to read
routine nominations placed on the Sec-
retary's desk in the Environmental Sci-
ence Services Administration and in the
Coast Guard.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, the nominations will be con-
sidered en bloc; and they are confirmed.
Mr. LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Presi-
ent, I ask that the President be immedi-
I,ely notified of the nominations con-
l i rmed today.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, the President will be notified
forthwith.
I. ECMsLATIVE SESSION
Mr. LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Presi-
dent, I ask unanimous consent that the
Senate return to legislative session.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection?
''here being no objection, the Senate
resumed the consideration of legislative
business.
RETIREMENT OF SENATOR
McNAMARA OF MICHIGAN
Mr. PEARSON. Mr. President, today
I wish to add my own personal comments
to those of my colleagues who have re-
cited the accomplishments of retiring
Senator PAT MC.NAMARA.
Since I came to the Senate 4 years ago
I have had the distinct personal privilege
of serving on the Public Works Commit-
tee with the distinguished Michigan Sen-
ator as chairman. Our committee has
made considerable progress in the last 4
years, and I wish to echo the comments
of other Senators when I say that PAT
McNAMARA'S leadership and guidance will
be missed. Ifs 12 years of dedicated
and progressive service to the Nation
shall never be forgotten.
not poor would qualify for subsidies. Where-
Upon L.B.J. came right back this year, asking
for $30 million for re; it subsidies in the fiscal
year ending .June 30, and requesting that the
yearly payments be increased over 4 years
to an annual rate of $150 million.
Under the plan. tenants would pay a quur..
ter of their wages for rent, the Federal Gov-
ernment would subsidize the remainder. If
the family's income increases, the rent s-;ib-
sidy will be reduced proportionately. Unlike
public housing, which requires families to
move after their laconic reaches a cerl,dn
leve`, these famines can continue living in
their apartments waste ver their income level,
although they will not qualify for a subsidy
if their income exceeds a specified ceilini'.
Few would deny the need for rich America
to provide adequate housing for its im-
poverished. And perhaps the rent subsidy
plan will succeed where public housing, for
all its good inten ;:ons, has not. But we
would hope that Congress examines the pro-
posal with a cold eye, to insure that it does
not become a carrot for politicians to dangle
before voters.
If' such a possibility seems farfetched, we
need only point to the experience of rent
controls, which clearly were used as poli, Kcal
bait to curry votes at the expense of a rela-
tively small minoetty (i.e., the house and
apartment owner) .
In an incisive rrec nt book, "Welfare, Free-
dom, and Inflation," world-famed economist
Wilhelm Ropke noted:
"We have reached a stage when, to many
people, it sounds strange when we ask the
question why the earlier rule no longer holds
good; that anyone who can afford to buy his
cult out of his own pocket at the economic
price, should also pay as economic price for
his lodging.
"flow does it come about that an otherwise
perfectly reasonable citizen, who would be
ashamed to let any body else pay for his re-
frigerator, his motorcycle, or his lunch, has
come to look on it as his unassailable right
to shift part of the burden of the economic
cost of his lodging onto someone else's
shoulders?"
Professor Ropke was not, of course, refer-
ring to the truly poor, those whose impov-
erished condition puts them at the mercy
of the state. He meant those greedy citi-
zens who agitate for handouts or subsidies
because they bel.eve, or choose to believe,
that nobdoy pays for anything that comes
from the Government--that a handout or a
subsidy is "free."
By all means, Congress should make pro-
visions for those who genuinely need i,ous-
ing assistance. But it must take pains to ex-
chade from the Government watering trough
those who merely have their hands out in
hope of something for nothing.
to substitute athestic communistic cere-
monies for the deeply religious feelings
of these brave people in the Baltic States.
Naturally, Mr. President, the sons and
daughters of these captive nations who
immigrated to the United States vigor-
ously reacted to the destruction of free-
dom in their former native lands. De-
scendants of the peoples of the Baltic
States continue to point out to the world
this oppression under Soviet rule. All
Americans resent the subjugation of
these small nations. The policy of our
Government reflects these sentiments,
for our Government fails to recognize
the cruel annexation of the small coun-
tries by the Soviet Union.
Mr. President:, I know free people
everywhere join me today in hoping that
the 25 years of enslavement of the Lithu-
anian, Latvian and Estonian people will
someday be ended and that these small
countries together with all the nations
of the world will be able to determine
for themselves their own destiny.
THE IMPORTANCE OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY TO LEGISLATIVE
BODIES
Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, last
November when the Interparliamentary
Union Conference met in Geneva, Switz-
erland, which I attended as president of
the U.S. delegation, a most interesting
and informative address was delivered to
the group by Edward Wenk, Jr., of the
Library of Congress on the increasing
importance of science and technology to
legislative bodies in the world today.
Mr. Wenk made a scholarly and in-
formative presentation, and I ask unani-
mous consent that this address be printed
in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.
There being no objection, the address
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
INFORMATION REQUIRED BY PARLIAMENTS IN A
WORLD INCREASINGLY DEPENDENT UPON SCI-
ENCE
(An address before the Interparliamentary
Union Conference, Geneva, Switzerland,
Nov. 5, 1965, by Edward Wenk, Jr.,
Chief, Science Policy Research Division,
Legislative Reference Service, Library of
Congress)
Mr. President, Mr. Secretary General, ladies
and gentlemen, it is a very great privilege to
have been invited to participate in this sym-
posium of the Interparliamentary Union.
And it is all the more an honor to represent
the scientific community at this auspicious
dedication of the Union's new home.
The long history and high purpose of this
body in seeking world peace and enhance-
ment of the democratic process are well
known. Especially in Geneva, the city of
peace, I felt it all the more appropriate to
recall the basic relationships of science and
politics that constitute the theme of my
assignment. Science knows no national
boundaries. In a troubled world, communi-
Mr. TANNIN. Mr. President, on Feb-
ruary 6, the Arizona Republic in
Phoenix--the largest daily newspaper
published in my State-published a
thoughtful and well-reasoned editorial
on some of the dangers inherent in a
program of rent subsidies. I believe this
editorial deserves a wider audience and
I therefore ask unanimous consent to
have it printed in the RECORD.
'i1'here being no objection, the editorial
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
lrrom the Arizona Republic, Feb. 6, 1966]
Rear SUBSIDY PLAN
One of the more controversial Great So-
ciety proposals is that of rent subsidies for
those who do not otherwise qualify for public
iiousinl,5.
Last year Congress approved such a plan,
but then the legislators refused to vote the
necessary funds, charging that eligibility
rules were so vague that persons who were
CAPTIVE NATIONS
Mr. MURPHY. Mr. President, 48
years ago on February 16, the people of
Lithuania declared their independence.
Latvia and Estonia, also proclaimed their
independence the same year. In the two
decades of freedom that they enjoyed
great progress was made. Agrarian re-
form was brought about, culture flour-
ished, foreign trade was expanded, r.: .table
currency was introduced and other
needed social reforms occurred.. In
the outlock for these small nations
short
,
was bright. Independence and freedom, In the United States, we have a long rradi-
u.nfortunatelY, were too short-lived, for tion of recognizing that politics and science
in 1940, these small Baltic States were mix. Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jeffer-
ruthlessly overrun by Soviet aggression. son actively sought advancement and appll-
In addition to exercising totalitarian po- cations of science to serve public purposes-
litical control, the Soviet Union has ex- then to help a newly developing nation. were
cultural development cand has attempted found to blend 1 easily. They still doStoday.
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
cations between scientists have often supple-
mented and aided international understand-
ing when political solutions seemed remote.
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
February 23, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
ness was going off the books than was being
issued.
The company, along with the rest of the
country, began to recouperate from the shock
and the initial effects of the depression,
however, and in 1936 Bertrand J. Perry was
elected president of the still-growing com-
pany. Mr. Perry served as president until
1945, when he became chairman of the board.
When he retired as a director in 1955, his
association with the company spanned 58
years. Alexander T. Maclean had succeeded
Mr. Perry as president and served until his
death in 1950. On May 19 of that year
Leland J. Kalmbach became president and
served in that position until 1962, when he
was elected chairman of the board and chief
executive officer, and Charles H. Schaaff be-
came the company's 10th president.
In 1951, the company's 100th anniversary
year, its assets were $1.4 billion. Insurance
in force totaled $3.2 billion. New insurance
delivered that year amounted to nearly $348
million.
This past year-1965-new insurance de-
livered amounted to well over $1.8 billion.
Insurance in force passed the $12 billion
level. And assets, which have doubled about
every 12 years since 1928, increased to more
than $3.3 billion.. New alltime records in
the sale of both individual and group life
insurance were set during the year with indi-
vidual insurance sales topping $1 billion for
the 7th consecutive year. January of
1965 was the largest individual-life-sales
month in the company's history.
Another milestone achieved in 1965 was
the surpassing of the $1 billion level in out-
standing mortgage loans. The company's
first mortgage loan of $2,000 was made in
1859.
The company today ranks as the 10th
largest in assets of the more than 1,600 life
insurance companies in the Nation. It also
is ranked among the country's top 22 finan-
cial institutions and the top 40 business
organizations in general. The company lists
more than 700,000 individual policyholders,
and is licensed to do business in all 50 States,
the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.
Its Springfield home office staff numbers
some 2,200 and its field force of 3,500 is
distributed in 120 general agencies, 285 dis-
trict offices, 42 group insurance offices, and
9 mortgage loan and real estate offices.
Also in 1965, the company occupied a four-
story addition to its home office site. The
new east building, which provides some 184,-
000 gross square feet of additional floorspace,
is one of the largest commercial structures
erected in the Greater Springfield area since
the present home office was built in 1927.
The entire home office complex now occupies
some 85 acres of land.
The company also reported in 1965 that
its new investments now average more than
$1.5 million each working day. Total amount
of the company's entire investment portfolio
now at work in the Nation's economy is ap-
proximately $3 billion. The company's in-
vestment division comprises three major de-
partments-securities, mortgage loans, and
real estate.
The company is considered to have one of
the outstanding field forces in the life in-
surance industry today. Substantiating this
is the fact that one out of every eight com-
pany field men and women is a member of
the industry's elite sales group, the million-
dollar round table. The industrywide aver-
age membership in this group is one of every
72. In addition, one out of every five Massa-
chusetts Mutual representatives is a char-
tered life underwriter, the industry's highest
educational designation, compared to 1 of
every 18 for the industry. Also, two of every
five Massachusetts Mutual representatives
have qualified for the National Quality
Award, an industrywide honor, compared to
1 of 13 in the entire industry.
The company prides itself on Its quality
field force, as well as on its contracts and its
policyholder service. The company's letter-
heads are impressed with the trademark, "In
Our Second Century of Service."
Best's Life Insurance Reports, an annual
edition reporting on many aspects of "legal
reserve companies, fraternal benefit societies
and assessment associations operating in the
United States," makes these comments on
the Massachusetts Mutual:
"The company, now in its second century
of operation, is purely mutual and is par-
ticularly a policyholders' institution. It has
long been most ably managed. It ranks very
highly and enjoys a most excellent reputa-
tion in all respects * * *. Every important
benefit and privilege which the company has
given to new policyholders has been given to
old policyholders on the same terms, except
when expressly forbidden by State or other
laws."
In another section, the report adds: "In
operations a very important item is expenses,
which have been kept remarkably low. Care-
ful selection and underwriting of business
has produced a very favorable mortality
experience. Policy lapses and surrenders
have been low. Net cost to policyholders is
remarkably low."
Throughout its history, then, one of the
company's foremost objectives has been
superlative service to its policyholders.
Though the implementation of ZIP codes
to its master file is merely one area of service,
it points up the company's constant efforts
toward that foremost objective. The com-
pany, in this area alone, has at all times
coooperated with the Post Office Department.
Since its inception in July 1961, company
secretary, Harrison B. Clapp, has chaired the
Springfield Mail Users Council, which has
sponsored discussion meetings on the na-
tionwide improved mail service program, the
accelerated business collection and delivery
program, the ZIP code program, and the
scheduled parcel post program. Communica-
tions Manager Alexander T. Muir has spoken
on postal matters to various groups, and
through nationwide test mailings has as-
sisted Springfield Postmaster Morin and the
New England regional office to provide sub-
stantially improved airmail service for the
area.
In this area of policyholder service and in
every other area, the company, indeed, takes
pride in Best's comment that the Mass-
achusetts Mutual is "particularly a policy-
holders4, institution."
0 ` - POLICY BACKED
(Mr. MACKAY asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. MACKAY. Mr. Speaker, Thai-
land understands the domino theory
much better than some of us back home,
the Atlanta Constitution is convinced.
Editorially the paper declares:
We are in Vietnam to make it clear that
communism may not achieve cheaply,
through the guise of wars of liberation, what
it knows would be costly on the open battle-
field. For if we are found wanting in the
will to resist covert aggression, we are in
effect inviting use of the method again in
other parts of the world.
Thailand knows it is "one of those
parts of the world," the paper continues,
adding that the Vice President visited
Bangkok "to assure our Thai allies of aid
in case of guerrilla aggression, as well as
to discuss economic development of the
area."
Because this editorial discusses an
issue on which we are committed to
stand firm, it will be of general interest
to my colleagues and I therefore am
making the article available in the
RECORD.
[From the Atlanta (Ga.) Constitution,
Feb. 15,19661
THAILAND UNDERSTANDS
Vice President HUIIPHREY'S mission to
Thailand pulls back into focus the underly-
ing reasons for our massive commitment in
South Vietnam. That focus often slips away
in the day-to-day heat of battle and debate
over specific tactics.
We are in Vietnam to make it clear that
communism may not achieve cheaply,
through the guise of wars of liberation, what
it knows would be costly on the open battle-
field. For if we are found wanting in the
will to resist covert aggression, we are in ef-
fect inviting use of the method again in other
parts of the world.
Thailand is one of those parts of the world.
The kingdom's rulers know it. Already, ex-
ternally trained or inspired guerrillas are
practicing terrorism in northeastern Thai-
land.
In fact, Thais are concerned that if the
war is ended in South Vietnam, Chinese and
North Vietnamese efforts may be centered
on Thailand. So they are less than enthusi-
astic about a negotiated settlement.
Thailand has been a consistent friend of
America in southeast Asia. It provides air
bases that bolster our Vietnamese operations.
And if we should later find it necessary to
expand our troop commitments extensively
and attempt to seal off the Vietcong's supply
routes from the north, Thailand would be a
base of our operation.
So the Vice President Is in Bangkok to
assure our Thai allies of aid in case of
guerrilla aggression, as well as to discuss
economic development of the area.
To the Siamese leaders, the domino theory
is not such an object of ridicule as it is to
some back home.
LANDOWNERS BATTLE BRUSH
PROBLEM TO RESTORE GRASS
AND SAVE NEEDED WATER
(Mr. POAGE (at the request of Mr.
Moss) asked and was given permission
to extend his remarks at this point in
the RECORD.)
Mr. POAGE. Mr. Speaker, landowners
of my State and probably of your State
are engaged in a real fight to repulse the
spread of moisture stealing, worthless,
woody plants and brush-more than 50
percent mesquits-that threaten to en-
gulf the land.
It may sound like so much science fic-
tion, but these dense, prolific brushes
are suffocating the livestock Industry
throughout many other sections of our
country, robbing the ranchers of soil,
water and livestock grazing.
The Soil Conservation Service and its
range conservationists have surveyed the
problem twice in the past 18 years and
verify the alarming situation that more
than 80 percent of the grassland in Texas
has become infested with brush.
Neither livestock operators, nor the
Nation, can afford grasslands in poor
condition, nor can we afford to lose the
millions of acre-feet of water consumed
annually by brush and weeds. Water
lost to brush is water lost to all beneficial
use. In Texas alone there is more water
lost in 1 year to brush alone than is
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
CONGRESSIONAI. RECORD - [[OUSE February 23, 1966
used by the city of Los Angeles. Just this
morning the President sent this Con-
gress a special message pointing out our
critical shortage of water. Where can
we hope to save so much water as cheaply
a.s we can through adequate brush con-
trol?
in the face of this tenacious enemy
farmers and ranchers, not only in Texas,
but throughout the rangelands of the
entire country., are struggling to restore
the abundant grasslands that once cov-
ered our plains and prairies.
The landowners in my district-the
11th Congressional District of Texas-
are excellent representatives of the stal-
wart stewards of soil, water and grass-
land who are waging this battle all across
the United States.
The whole Nation owes these people
a continuing debt of gratitude for their
efforts at increasing grassland agricul-
ture. to maintain its role in production,
and to protect American agriculture.
Though treatment is going on all the
time, the progress being made against
the woody invader is far from encourag-
ing. Treatment is costly, it is complex,
and. there is the disheartening probabil-
ity of reinfestation on treated acres after
a few years. Actually, most treatment
results only in control, not elimination
of brush.
This is a serious matter and Texas
landowners have no illusions about the
toughness of the job. On the other
hand, I have no misgivings about their
competence and will to handle it, but
they must have the cooperation of their
government, and above all, we must not
lose to enthusiasm and the momentum
which has been built up over the years.
The Nation will suffer or benefit as these
landowners lose or win the struggle.
The Soil Conservation Service is keep-
ing close watch on the problem and pro-
viding technical assistance in treatment
programs. Its plant materials centers
are working at adapted grasses and
legumes to recapture the land from
brush, but a great deal more research
and work is needed, and important as it
is, brush control is only one of the many
problems which should be studied in a
grass and forage research center. Until
such a center is a reality, one of the larg-
est and most vital segments of our food
supplying effort is going to be without
needed coordination.
1.;,EDWOODS
(Mr. HANK A asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. HANNA. Mr. Speaker, the Presi-
dent's message on restoring the quality
of our environment is a remarkable doc-
ument. In addition to masterfully sum-
marizing the problems we face,. and the
opportunities which we have neglected, it
sets the stage for a meaningful exposi-
tion of the whole problem in the public
forum. It is time that we begin to give
our best thinking to this vital subject.
I am at heart an optimist. Therefore
I have concentrated my attention on the
opportunities outlined in the message.
The various recreation proposals which
are outlined in. the message seem to me
to be the essence of these opportunities.
The proposal that we establish a Red-
wood National Park is a case in point.
But it is not one on which we can ponder
long. We must not allow hesitation or
procrastination to overcome the need
for quick action. Even as I talk, the last
of the great redwoods forest is being
felled. Only a fraction of virgin forest
still remains and the lumber Indust y is
making short work of that fraction.
The redwood is a valuable resource.
The wood has many unique and desir-
able characteristics. It resists rotting.
It is almost impervious to insect attack.
It weathers well. It is beautiful and can
be worked easily. This is the reason
there is a steady demand for its use in
lawn furniture, house siding, and dec-
orative fences. Its resistance to insects
is also the reason why it lives for thou-
sands of years in its native state.
But the redwood is also a national re-
source that must be preserved. I do not
suggest that we deny the lumber indus-
try the right to use redwoods. I do sug-
gest that, considering their needs, we de-
vise some way to preserve part of the
forest for future generations.
Redwoods are fast-growing trees. They
replace themselves as usable lumber
within 100 years. It is my feeling that
it would serve all purposes, the naturalist
and the public, and the lumber industry,
to preserve part in virgin stand and al-
low the remainder to be managed in the
manner the lumber industry does so well,
to provide sustained yields of a valuable
lumber.
Establishing a Redwood Park does not
preclude lumbering. Preserving a unique
and unparalleled scenic masterpiece is
not antithetical to the interests of the
lumber industry.
You have all heard of the Cedars of
Lebanon.. I am told that a bare rem-
nant is ]eft. In fact, this storied grove
of trees existed mostly intact weld into
this century. Now the remaining virgin
forest is measured by individual trees,
some of which are a thousand years old.
The visitor today is not struck by the
beauty of the individual trees in their
unique majesty, but rather is appalled
at the short-sightedness of the men who
allowed all but this pitiful remnant to
be cut and used. I propose that, when
the administration's proposal for a park
reaches this House, we find a way to en-
act it quickly, lest we be judged in the
sane manner the stewards of the Cedars
of Lebanon are now judged.
TRAILS
(Mr. RONCALIO asked and was eiven
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. RONCALIO. Mr. Speaker the
:President has addressed our attention to
the problem of restoring the quality of
our environment. It was a disturbing
;message. I admire his courage in de-
tailing, In such graphic form, our so-
ciety's "sins of omission."
We did not consciously set out to de-
stroy our environment, but rather :like
Topsy, it "jest growed that way." But
whatever the reason, it is time we faced
our obligations squarely and set about
righting the wrongs we have visited on
what most of us consider the most beau-
tiful piece of real estate in the world.
I was particularly impressed with the
President's reference to the establish-
ment of a nationwide system of trails.
A visit to the C. & O. Canal on Sunday
illustrates the universal appeal a pleas-
ant surrounding and a path have for our
citizens.
There is no reason why we cannot en-
courage this type of facility throughout
the country. By the turn of this cen-
tury it is estimated that 85 percent of
our people will live in cities as opposed
to 65 percent now. As the cities grow the
land that is available will be put to some
use. Part of that land should be reserved
for just such simple pleasures as the
weekend stroll. It would have been a
tragic waste of good real estate had the
C. & O. Canal been filled in and con-
verted to residential or industrial use.
But throughout this country this is ex-
actly what is happening to other lands
within or adjacent to our great cities.
No one is consciously planning its
destruction and removal as a recreational
asset, it is just happening because there
has been no thought given to this type
of use. This certainly is a sin of omis-
sion.
We can stimulate local communities
to provide facilities for the stroller, the
walker and the hiker. They should
be located near him.
A nationwide system of trails will
stimulate local communities to provide
their own systems.
A program to encourage the estab;ii h-
ment of trails and hiking paths need not
be an expensive one. The land and
water conservation fund will surely en-
courage development but mostly it re-
quires that government provide the
vision and the leadership by judicious
designation of areas already in the pub-
lic ownership. By making such a de-
signation of suitable areas the Federal
Government can stimulate the develop-
ment of a trails system which will meet
the needs of both the urban dweller and
the serious outdoorsman. Wyoming is
pleased to recognize this national need
and to help fulfill it, Mr. Speaker.
BENNETT CITES NEED TO CHANGE
SYSTEM OF ELECTING PRESI-
DENT
(Mr. BENNETT asked and was given
permission to address the House for I
minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. BENNETT. Mr. Speaker, since
1959 I have introduced and supported
legislation to change the system of elect-
ing the President and Vice President of
the United States. I am gratified that
there is a renewed interest in this major
constitutional problem and I am hopeful
that positive action will take place in the
89th Congress.
I am today reintroducing legislation
first introduced by me on the opening
day of the 87th Congress dealing with
this important subject.
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 23, 1966
The stalwart resistance they have shown
and are showing cannot help but be a source
of inspiration to others suffering under the
same yoke.
And especially is it an inspiration to those
of us living under a flag of liberty.
By observances such as this you are re-
minding yourselves and free men everywhere
that human bondage has not yet been wiped
from the face of the earth and that much
needs yet to be done.
The way may well be long and hard for all
of us.
Freedom was never easily won. It is never
easily held.
Four times since I was a young man in the
uniform of World War I, my country has
come to the defense of freedom.
We are in such a conflict today, and we
must be prepared for whatever else may be
demanded of us in the months and years to
come.
As we look ahead, it might be well to re-
call the words of the late John Foster Dulles,
Secretary of State under our great President,
Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Speaking at the congressional inquiry into
the incorporation of the Baltic States by the
U.S.S.R. 13 years ago, Secretary Dulles said
this:
"What of the future? First of all, let us
never lose hope that there is a future."
"I recall," he said, "I was looking in my
Bible yesterday-some of the earliest history
recorded in the books of the Old Testament.
The nations there mentioned are such as
Israel, Arabia, Egypt, and Lebanon. How
many times have these nations of many
thousands of years ago been submerged; to
rise again?"
"The Baltic peoples," Secretary Dulles
continued, "in the face of every imposition,
retain their will to be free and maintain
their steadfast opposition to Soviet despot-
ism. Terrorism has been prolonged now for
13 years. Many of their courageous and
noble representatives have been executed,
deported, or driven into exile. But their
martyrdom keeps patriotism alive."
-
Then Secretary Dulles said this:
"Some may say that it is unrealistic and
impractical not to recognize the enforced
incorporation of Estonia, Latvia, and Lith-
uania into the Soviet Union. We believe,
however, that despotism of the Soviet type
cannot indefinitely perpetuate its rule over
hundreds of millions of people who love
God, country, and who have a sense of per-
sonal dignity."
"The Soviet system which seeks to ex-
punge the distinctive characteristics of na-
tion, creed, and individuality must itself
change or be doomed ultimately to collapse.
The time of collapse depends largely on
whether the peoples who remain free pro-
duce spiritual, intellectual; and material
richness; and whether we have a faith that
can penetrate any Iron Curtain; and we,
must be sure that captive peoples know that
they are not forgotten, that we are not
reconciled to their fate, and above all, we
are not prepared to seek illusory safety for
ourselves by a bargain with their masters
which would confirm their captivity."
Let me say now for myself: As Majority
Leader in the U.S. House of Representatives
at the time Mr. Dulles made that statement,
I shared those sentiments with him.
I still hold to them.
We would be guilty of wishful thinking
if we believed the collapse of the Soviet
Union is imminent.
But there is a growing evidence that all
is not well with the Red conspiracy.
Cracks are beginning to show in the com-
munist front.
Mr. Castro, who not so long ago was wel-
. coming the Red Chinese to his shores and
boasting of his alliance with them, now ac-
cuses them of bad faith.
Red China, in turn, is increasingly bel-
ligerent toward Russia, accusing the U.S.S.R.
of all sorts of things, while the Kremlin
casts an increasingly wary eye at the inten-
tions of Chou En-lai and Mao Tse-tung.
Apparently there has been a falling out
among thieves.
This is the weakness of gangsters, whether
they are gangster lords of the numbers games
or gangster nations.
They rule only through terror and vio-
lence. There is no sense of honor within
their own ranks.
And there is room for only one at the top
on the world of dictators.
I learned with gratification that the re-
cently completed Ecumenical Council in the
Vatican consecrated two Lithuanian bishops.
This, it seems to me, is a significant develop-
ment for Lithuanians here and abroad.
And I read with a great deal of interest
that Communist masters are becoming in-
creasingly concerned about the generation
of young Lithuanians.
As I understand it, they are becoming a
touchy problem.
It seems they just are not conforming the
way they are supposed to.
They refuse to be brainwashed.
We hear there are commotions when Com-
munist Party or governmental decisions have
been published and when the campaign to
explain them and enforce them is underway.
In other words, a lot of Lithuanians just
are not buying this business of government
from the top down.
Thus is history repeating itself in this
brave country.
Because through the ages, whether occu-
pied by German, Polish, Swedish, or Russian
forces, the people of Lithuania have re-
mained faithful to their culture, their his-
tory and their church.
Every year in the House of Representatives
many Members arise to join with you in the
observance of the anniversary of your Inde-
pendence Day.
And I find one theme running through the
remarks by my colleagues on this occasion-
a universal respect for the character of the
Lithuanian people.
Today, as I am sure you knew, the largest
Lithuanian community beyond the borders
of your native land is here in America, with
more than a million of your countrymen
having been welcomed to our shores.
Here you are giving full measure of your
energies and talents to help us produce that
spiritual, intellectual and material richness
that will speed the end of bandage for all
freedom-loving people.
One thing the Communists either refuse
to believe or just do not understand: that
"Truth, crushed to earth shall rise again,"
There is solid evidence that truth is rising
again in Lithuania in spite of all Soviet efforts
to keep it down.
Our task here in this great land of freedom
and opportunity, of blessings and bounty, is
to make sure the people of Lithuania know
they have a powerful and faithful friend who
has not forgotten and will not forget their
hopes and aspirations.
Thank you for inviting me to take part
in this significant occasion.
BOXCAR SHORTAGE IS YEAR-
ROUND PROBLEM
(Mr. LANGEN (at the request of Mr.
BURTON of Utah) was granted permis-
sion to extend his remarks at this point
in the RECORD and to include extraneous
matter.)
Mr. LANGEN. Mr. Speaker, the box-
car shortage at harvesttime has grown
into a year-round problem, and I have
;o uolluallu atll of uollunlls slut pall'co
the House Interstate and Foreign Com-
merce Committee. I have asked the dis-
tinguished chairman of that committee
to request a rule on the.Senate-passed
bill to give the Interstate Commerce
Commission additional rate-setting pow-
ers that would lead to an adequate sup-
ply of boxcars in all parts of the Nation.
This is the bill for which hearings were
held by the House Interstate and Foreign
Commerce Committee last fall, in which
many of our colleagues, including myself,
spoke in support of passage.
The Interstate Commerce Commission
tells me that the boxcar shortage has
been in existence in varying degrees of
severity for 17 years, and that the Com-
mission would be in an excellent position
to remedy the situation if the House joins
the Senate in passing this bill giving the
ICC the authority to establish reasonable
per diem rental rates on boxcars.
The House Committee completed the
hearings on this bill last year, and all
that now needs to be done is for the com-
mittee to request a hearing from the
Rules Committee so that the bill can
reach the House floor for action. I hope
this is done without delay, so an end can
be put to the deplorable situation that
sees the Nation's boxcar supply decreased
by over 2,000 cars a month. With
mounting international problems and
plans to increase food shipments to
needy nations, the United States cannot
afford to have a further deterioration in
the railway freight system.
(Mr. ASHBROOK (at the request of
Mr. BURTON of Utah) was granted per-
mission to extend his remarks at this
point in the RECORD and to include ex-
traneous matter.)
[Mr. ASHBROOK'S remarks will ap-
pear hereafter in the Appendix.]
(Mr. CLEVELAND (at the request of
Mr. BURTON of Utah) was granted per-
mission to extend his remarks at this
point in the RECORD and to include ex-
traneous matter.)
[M'. CLEVELAND'S remarks will ap-
WHEELING NEWS-REGISTER AND
CHARLESTON GAZETTE PUBLISH
FORTHRIGHT VIETNAM EDITO-
RIALS
(Mr. MOORE (at the request of Mr.
BURTON of Utah) was granted permis-
sion to extend his remarks at this point
in the RECORD and to include extra-
neous matter.)
Mr. MOORE. Mr. Speaker, there is
mounting concern in my State about our
involvement in Vietnam. Two promi-
nent Democratic newspapers in West
Virginia have-published forthright edi-
torials reflecting this concern. They are
the Wheeling News-Register and the
Charleston Gazette.
So that my colleagues will have an
,opportunity to read these penetrating
editorials I include them in my remarks.
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
February 23, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE
cent of the voting-age population went to
tho polls in the November 1964 election.
The election specified by the voting. rights
law as the test was a presidential election.
'o'bis usually attracts in some parts of the
country a large percentage of voters, but just
the opposite may happen in other parts. In
the South, for example, where the Demo-
eratt, party has been dominant for many
years and the party for which the State's
electoral votes will usually be cast has for a
long time been a foregone conclusion, many
citizens feel their vote would be superfluous.
Yet the law says that in any State where
lit:aracy "test or device" existed and the
a
turnout was less than 50 percent in the 1964
presidential election, either statewide or in a
subdivision, Federal voting examiners may
be appointed and the tests suspended, while
the State is penalized for a period of 5 years.
The Supreme Court is now dealing with the
constitutionality of these provisions, and in
the recent arguments before the Court some
of the Justices questioned the basis for the
ad-percent rule.
't'he New York City election is a conspicu-
ous illustration of how inconclusive or
irrelevant the 50-percent yardstick can prove
to be.
REV. DR. BERNARD BRASKAMP.
CHAPLAIN
(Mr. CLANCY (at the request of Mr.
BuR'?oN of Utah) was granted permission
to extend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous
matter.)
Mr. CLANCY. Mr. Speaker, it was
with deep regret that I learned last night
of the death of our beloved chaplain, the
Reverend Dr. Bernard Braskamp. In
these troubled times we all leaned heavily
on his spiritual guidance and inspiration.
The prayers he offered at the opening of
our daily sessions were filled with wisdom
and deep concern for our Nation.
Dr. Braskamp was a most conscienti-
ous and devoted servant of mankind.
His own great personal integrity, his
loyalty and dedication have been an in-
spiration to all of us. I believe it is the
universal sentiment of the House that he
has endowed us with a spiritual enrich-
meni; that we shall long remember. He
gave us renewed strength and courage in
difficult times.
For 40 years Dr. Braskamp served as
paator of churches in the Washington
area and then in 1950 assumed his duties
with the U.S. House of Representatives
as its f
irst full-time Chaplain. We were
fortunate indeed to have the benefit of
the ministrations of a man of his caliber,
and f wish to join my colleagues in pay-
ing tribute to his everlasting memory.
f l\dr. MORSE (at the request of Mr.
P,um,oN of Utah) was granted permission
to extend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous mat-
ter.)
Mr. MORSE'S remarks will appear
hereafter in the Appendix.]
M"r. MORSE (at the request of Mr.
13uluoN of Utah) was granted permis-
sion to extend his remarks at this point
in the RECORD and to include extraneous
matter.)
J Mr. MORSE'S remarks will appear
hereafter in the Appendix.]
REDEDICATION TO THE CAUSE OF
LITHUANIAN INDEPENDENCE
(Mr. HALLECK (at the request of Mr.
BURTON of Utah) was granted permis-
sion to extend his remarks at this point
in the RECORD and to include extrane-
ous matter.)
Mr. HALLECK. Mr. Speaker, it was
my recent pleasure to be invited to speak
at an observance of the 48th anniversary
of Lithuania's Independence Day..
The program., held in Beverly Shores,
Ind., was sponsored by the American-
Lithuanian Club of Beverly Shores and
featured. a colorful presentation of Lith-
uanian folk songs and dances, with par-
ticipants wearing native costumes.
Under leave to extend my remarks I
would like to include the observations I
made on that occasion, Sunday, Febru-
ary 13:
ADDRESS DY Mr. CHAR.Lii:s A. HALL ECK
In one sense I am happy to be with you
today. Happy, particularly to meet with
you, to enjoy your friendly hospitality and
to take part in the observance of a historic
occasion.
On the other hand, apart from the feeling
of fellowship, we cannot really rejoice that
the 48th anniversary of Lithuania's inde-
pendence must be celebrated "in exile," so to
speak. We would all rather, very much
rather, 't'hat the situation might be other-
wise-that we could be celebrating a con-
tinuation. of Lithuania's independence and
membership in the world's family of free
nations.
But I can say, honestly and sincerely, that
I am proud to be here.
I am .Flattered that you have asked me to
be with you on this ceremony of rededication
to the cause of Lithuania's independence.
In a larger sense what you are doing here
today is rededicating yourselves to the cause
of freedom for all mankind,.
You are demonstrating your opposition to
tyranny In whatever form.
Certainly nobody knows better the mean-
ing of the words "freedom" and "tyranny"
than the Lithuanian people.
Throughout their difficult history they
have had to take up arms against invading
armies.
To the people of your gallant nation, tyr-
anny is not just a word found in speeches.
It is a real and terrible experience.
By the same token, to the Lithuanian
people freedom is not something to be taken
for granted, like the air we breathe,
Freedom is something for which they have
for centuries fought and died.
Let's review a little history.
Forty-eight years ago, almost to the day,
the Lithuanian nation proclaimed its inde-
pendence. This marked the survival of this
country, with its long history and rich tradi-
tions, in spite of more than a century in the
hands of the Russian czars.
Reborn in the midst of World War I, Lith-
uania was able to assert her independence
only after Soviet troops, which had moved
into her territory, had been driven out with
Allied help.
On July 20, 1920, in a treaty with Lith-
uania, the Soviet Government declared "the
right of all nations to free self-determina-
tion" and, on this basis, recognized "the
sovereign rights and independence of the
Lithuanian state."
The Soviet Government further renounced
for all time "all the sovereign rights of Rus-
sia over the Lithuanian people and their ter-
ritory."
During the two decades of Lithuanian in-
dependence which followed, the Soviet Gov-
ernment reiterated these pledges in other
agreements with the Lithuanian Govern-
ment.
As late as October 1939, while forcing Lith-
uania to sign a "mutual assistance pact,"
the U.S.S.R. claimed to guarantee Lithuania's
independence.
By that time, as we now know, the Soviets
had already reached secret agreemnts with
Nazi Germany under which the Baltic States
were to fall within the Soviet sphere of in-
fluence.
Thus Lithuania, as so many times before,
had again become a pawn on the chessboard
of European power politics.
By the summer of 1940 Lithuania had been
occupied by Soviet troops and, after rigged
elections during July of that year, the coun-
try was incorporated into the Soviet Union.
And, as we all know, "incorporated" means
that Lithuania was declared to be an integral
part of the Union of Soviet Socialist Re-
publics.
It is not merely a satellite country, but has
been totally swallowed up, with not even the
pretense of a separate nation.
Thus did the Communists betray their
earlier promise to recognize the sovereign
rights and independence of the Lithuanian
state. It was typical of Soviet treachery.
Everyone recognized that the claim of self-
determination was pure fiction--an insult
to 'the intelligence of all loyal Lithuanians.
The United States was quick to denounce
this illegal act and has consistently refused
to recognize the forced incorporation of
Lithuania into the U.S.S.R.
And in spite of the walls behind which
the Soviet Union seeks to hide it, we know
that the Lithuanian people have not accepted
the denial of their independence.
I recall that some years back, a committee
of the House of Representatives exposed the
Soviet use of deportation, persecution, and
economic exploitation in an effort to con-
solidate its control of Lithuania.
But none of these actions has destroyed
the enduring will of the Lithuanian people
for freedom and independence. In short,
the U.S.S.R. has been unable to either "Rus-
sianize" or "Sovietize" the Lithuanian peo-
ple. I know that you are not surprised at
this.
Nor do I think that anyone who knows
the character of the Lithuanian people is
surprised that a nation which has produced
such great champions of liberty as Mindau-
gus and Vytautas the Great-and which got
the sweet taste of freedom under President
Smetona-refuses to forget its own history.
We are not surprised that a people as vig-
orously independent as the Lithuanians re-
fuses to submit to forced "collectivization."
Nor are we surprised that such a deeply
religious people refuses to renounce God..
And we are not surprised that a people
with such a rich and distinct ethnic and
cultural background and tradition refuses
stoutly to even pretend to be "Slavic."
In a word, the free world is not surprised
at the courage of the Lithuanian people now
struggling under the stifling hand of corn-
munism, or at their determination to one
day regain the independence they have tern-
porarily lost.
For history has demonstrated, time and
again, that Lithuania is a nation with a
fighting heart.
But I have an idea I know who Is sur-
prised: the rulers in the Kremlin.
Because they have failed to destroy the
Lithuanian nation as a distinct people.
For that Is exactly what the Red regime
has tried to do.
But all of the well-known Communist
techniques-from use of outright force and
terror to sly propaganda and "re-educa-
tion"-have not succeeded in subverting the
Lithuanian character or in destroying the
Lithuanians' sense of Identity and love of
freedom.
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
February 23, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
[From the Wheeling (W. Va.) News-Register,
Feb. 21, 1966]
WHERE THE REAL DANGER LIES
In arguing for the administration's stand
in Vietnam, Secretary of State Dean Rusk
constantly seeks to draw a parallel between
Vietnam and the war against Hitler, thus
arousing all the complex emotions bound up
with World War II and its aftermath.
Yet any analogy between an international
war precipitated by a dictator's career of
brazen territorial conquest, and the conse-
quences of a social revolution arising from
the ashes of colonialism, is utterly false.
There has been aggression in Vietnam, we
admit. But the essential facts are that an
indigenous national revolution began there
during the Japanese occupation, that under
Communist leadership the revolution swept
away French colonial rule, that to fill the
vacuum an international agreement was
reached at Geneva providing for military
neutralization and self-determination for all
of Vietnam, and that the United States then
set out to upset the Geneva pacts by estab-
lishing a military satellite in South Vietnam.
North Vietnam's response, first by supply-
ing and training guerrillas and then by send-
ing in its own troops, was certainly aggres-
sive, but it was above all a response. To
equate it with Hitler's aggressions across na-
tional frontiers is a spurious debating tac-
tic and nothing more. Were the two situa-
tions comparable, the United States would
have no trouble winning support and sym-
pathy from the overwhelming majority of
U.N. members, as we did in resisting a gen-
uine case of internationally indicated aggres-
sion in Korea. Support and sympathy in the
U.N. on Vietnam is something we conspicu-
ously do not enjoy.
As long as Mr. Rusk and others high in the
administration insist on distorting and mis-
representing the true facts of this situation
the greater the chances of an even wider war
at the expense of thousands of American
lives.
If we will stop confusing the containment
of China with the containment of commu-
nism, we will understand that the best bar-
rier to Chinese national ambitions is the
indigenous nationalism of southeast Asia-
which Ho Chi Minh represents in Hanoi
whether we like it or not, and which a
neutralized coalition regime could represent
in Saigon.
Some fear that if we left it to the Vietnam-
ese to make their own choice the two Viet-
nams might later be reunified under Commu-
nist control. This is not at all certain. Yet
even a Communist Vietnam, truly expressive
of popular aspirations and militarily neutral-
ized under Russian, American, and perhaps
U.N. guarantees, could stabilize the area far
better than an open-ended American military
commitment which generates its own insta-
bility. The issue is not one of ideology,
but native, anticolonlial revolution.
The real danger in the administration's
blind position with Vietnam is the general-
izing of this particular adventure into a doc-
trine of counterrevolutionary responsibility.
To say that we have a duty to wage a war of
antiliberation wherever the Communists
choose to wage a war of liberation is to ful-
fill their own prophecy for them. America
has in fact no obligation to police the world
against social uprisings, and could not do
so if it tried. Whatever the outcome in
southeast Asia, let us avoid being trapped by
Marxist dogma into accepting a role the
Marxists invent for us,
[From the Charleston (W. Va.) Gazette,
Feb.22, 1966]
VIETNAM RAISES QUESTION OF WHO's
BEING CONTAINED
Assuming even that South Vietnam's Gov-
ernment is prepared to initiate the desirable
and necessary reforms outlined by President
Johnson at Honolulu, no one should get the
idea that the war will suddenly terminate.
To begin with, Laos received, under the
Kennedy administration, more aid per capita
than any other country. Yet, as Arthur M.
Schlesinger, in his recent book makes clear,
"Laos simply did not have the national or so-
cial structure to absorb the remorseless flood
of American bounty." South Vietnam, of
course,. is considerably worse off than Laos
ever was.
And in the second place, the assumption
that Marshal Ky's privileged regime is an-
xious to spread the wealth around ranks on
a par with the assumption West Virginia's
Board of Public Works is panting to sup-
port executive budget and short ballot
amendments. By this time Americans
should have realized the vested elite, home
or abroad, never surrenders prerogatives and
powers voluntarily.
"There are" said the New York Times,
about a week ago, "no shortcuts out of the
Vietnamese morass."
Indeed, if there were, the world may rest
assured President Johnson long ago would
have discovered them and acted upon them.
The President, whose political antenna, in
any event, is as sensitive as any man's, is
well aware of the divisive force the Vietnam
war has become in our society and what that
division can do to wreck consensus govern-
ment.
To quote the Times again:
"The United States is in for a long, hard,
more costly, and more dangerous war."
France found this out during the late
1940's and early 1950's.
Unwilling to learn from France's bitter
lesson, apparently the United States must
suffer through a similar harsh experience.
Despite advice from every acknowledged
Far Eastern expert, including General Mac-
Arthur, that the United States has no busi-
ness getting bogged down in a land war on
the Asian Continent, the United States is
now in a full-scale land war on that con-
tinent and daily pouring additional Ameri-
can lives down a vast, bottomless maw.
The war is being pursued and carried out
largely on the advice of diplomats and mili-
tarists who have consistently and unerring-
ly erred in their predictions as to what was
required to win the war and who have yet
to admit they and their panaceas have been
everlastingly wrong.
The eternal excuse for failure has been
not enough. Not enough firepower was
brought to bear, not enough bombs were
dropped, not enough of the right targets
were hit, not enough American troops were
committed to South Vietnam's defense, not
enough of our allies have wakened to the
seriousness of the situation, not enough re-
solve has been demonstrated by the United
States to convince Hanoi and the Vietcong
of our purpose in Vietnam. Always not
enough-never a doubt that no matter what
is tried or how much is waggered in materiel
and in manpower, the bet may not be
enough to counter the stakes shoved in by
the other side.
Thus, the United States has been gradu-
ally and steadily upping the ante..
In a brief 3 years its complement of troops
has risen from about 25,000 to more than
200,000. Within 6 months thousands addi-
tional cannon fodder will have been trans-
ported across the Pacific by boat or air. In
fact, the same brilliant tacticians who've
recommended covering all bets are today
cautiously proclaiming that some time dur-
ing 1967 the United States will need and will
have 600,000 youngsters fighting for the
fatherland in Vietnam.
This is what our foreign policy of the last
18 years is leading to. This is the policy
known as containment, conceived under Sec-
retary of State Dean Acheson, continued un-
der Secretary of State John Dulles, and still
chugging along under Secretary of State
3587
Dean.Rusk. Somehow, isn't it time someone
asked the question:
"Who's being contained-them or us?"
TVA BRIDGE ACT
(Mr. BROCK (at the request of Mr.
BURTON of Utah) was granted permis-
sion to extend his remarks at this point
in the RECORD and to include extraneous
matter.)
Mr. BROCK. Mr. Speaker, I am in-
troducing today legislation which would
amend the TVA Bridge Act to provide
for the alteration, reconstruction, or re-
location by the Tennessee Valley Au-
thority of certain highway and railroad
bridges.
This amendment is necessary to give
the authority to use appropriated funds
to the TVA in order to raise, widen, or
reconstruct bridges which have become
obstructions to navigation on the Ten-
nessee River and its tributaries. There
are several points where bridge altera-
tions would permit more effective use of
the waterway but especially important
is the Tennessee State Highway 58
bridge over the Hiwasee River, near
Charleston and Calhoun, Tenn. When
this bridge was originally constructed
there was little prospect of great water
traffic. Now, however, the Hiwasee
services a tremendous industrial com-
plex, including a giant Bowaters paper-
mill and an Olin Matheison plant. The
TVA has deepened the present channel
to accommodate present and potential
traffic but the full benefits of this vital
waterway cannot be fully realized until
bottlenecks have been removed.
Mr. Speaker, I urge members of the
Public Works Committee to favorably
consider this important legislation.
NEED FOR BAIL REFORM
(Mr. SCHWEIKER (at the request of
Mr. BURTON of Utah) was granted per-
mission to extend his remarks at this
point in the RECORD and to include ex-
traneous matter.)
Mr. SCHWEIKER. Mr. Speaker, a
short time ago the attention of the coun-
try was focused upon an incident that
happened in Pennsylvania involving 19-
year-old Tyrone Collins, who, while free
on $500 bail pending the trial of an as-
sault charge in Mobile, Ala., moved to his
new home in Pennsylvania in alleged
violation of the conditions of his bail.
Alabama bondsmen, without the aid of
Pennsylvania law enforcement authori-
ties, or any search or arrest warrant or
any other judicial process, summarily
removed Collins from his home in Nor-
ristown, Pa., by force during the middle
of the night and, without the interposi-
tion of any judicial authority, removed
him some 1,000 miles away to Alabama.
The country was shocked, not because
it felt that Tyrone Collins should not
have to stand trial on the charge levied
against him by the authorities of the
State of Alabama, but because of the
procedures employed by the bondsmen to
return Collins to Alabama. The decision
of private citizens, motivated simply by
a desire to protect their financial invest-
ment, using summary action and force to
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - IIOUSE February 23, 1966
.abduct their quarry from the domain of
I lie sovereignty of the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania to a distant part of the
-ountry, without any judicial sanction
;?ttd consequently without any assurance
of procedural due process, was more
ti gall most people believed tolerable. Yet,
;v.cording to longstanding court deci-
sions, what happened in the Collins case
was not proscribed by the due process
!.uarantees of the Constitution, nor by
sly other provision of Federal law.
'a'lfe Collins incident brought to light a
situation not generally known to the
'ublic: that at common law a bondsman
possesses the power to take a bailee into
custody summarily at any time and re-
turn him to the authorities who initially
sanctioned his release, and that this
;lower may be exercised even when the
l,ailee has fled to another State or juris-
o iction. Virtually no restriction is placed
ii-)0n what the bondsman may do to ef-
ti'etuate this return. There need be no
rurllpliance with State arrest procedures,
with procedures securing persons against
unreasonable searches and seizures, or
with any requirement that a person
Laken from one State to another without
his consent be given a judicial hearing
on the reasonableness of the removal.
I u short. the bondsman can act without
the sanction of any State or Federal
tribunal. This common law rule is still
I tie law today.
Not only had the integrity and sov-
u reignty of the Commonwealth of Penn-
ssylvania been flaunted by what had hap-
tinned, but it was also apparent that
there had been, at least by modern
standards, a violation of individual
rights that in analogous circumstances
could never legally occur. It was evident
that this situation could no longer be
l.stler.ated. No longer could society con-
done a philosophy that regarded the
Bailee as nothing more than the bonds-
uian s chattel-a mere piece of property
l.hat the bondsman-owner could abuse
iii any way without answering to the law
for his actions.
The irony of t.tir' Collins situation was
made all the more poignant by the fact
that when the State officials request the
t el,urn of a fugitive from justice who has
taken refuge in another State, they com-
ply with very strict procedures, speci-
tiied by article IV, section 2, clause 2 of
the Constitution, which utilize the exec-
utive authority of the refuge or asylum
Mate for taking the fugitive into custody.
Only after the fugitive has been given a
hearing in the asylum State by the au-
thorities of that State, and it has been
determined that he has left the jurisdic-
tion. of the demanding State in violation
old law, can the fugitive be turned over
t , the authorities who seek his return to
the State whence he originally fled. If
it public official must go through this
sort of procedure to get back a person
who is already a convicted criminal, how
strange it was, people thought, that a
private person, owing no allegiance and
=.o sense of public duty to any State au-
thority, answerable to nothing but his
own conscience-, could ignore such pro-
vedures in seizing= an individual who
was not a criminal but simply an ac-
cused, presumed by the law to be inno-
cent of the charges pending against hint.
Recognizing that something should be
done, I resolved to correct this state of
affairs, so as to make bail bondsmen sub-
ject to minimum standards of procedural
due process, as are State authorities in
comparable situations.
Accordingly, I have introduced a bill,
which has also been introduced in the
Satiate by Senator TYDINCS and is being
cosponsored by several of hilt; colleagues,
which will provide for the implementa-
tion of these minimum standards in
cases such as that involving Tyrone Col-
lins.. In formulating the content of the
bill, we were fortunate to have the coun-
sel and advice of Mr. Ronald Goldfarb,
a noted authority on bail problems,
whose recent book., "Ransom," pointed
out the need for reform in this area.
;Simply stated, the main provisions of
the bill I have introduced are these:
"irst, when a bondsman seeks the re-
turn to another jurisdiction of a person
who has violated the conditions of his
bail, the bondsman must apply to a ju-
dicial officer of the United States-either
a ;Federal judge or a U.S. Commis-
sioner-for a warrant authorizing the
taking into custody of the fugitive bailee.
Second, if the bondsman is able to
show probable cause that the person
named in the warrant application has
violated the terms and conditions of his
bail, the :judicial officer shall issue the
warrant, and the person is to be brought
promptly before the judicial officer for
a hearing.
'I'llird, at the hearing, the fugitive
bailee is to be informed of the nature and
purpose of the proceeding against him,
of his right to retain counsel, of his right
not to make a .statement, and of the fact
that any statement made by him may he
used against him. He also is to be given
reasonable opportunity to consult coun-
sel.
Fourth, at the hearing the bondsman
must establish that the identity of the
alleged fugitive bailee is as he asserts,
that the bondsman and the fugitive are
in a bail relationship, and that the con-
ditions of bail imposed to secure the
fugitive's appearance in a future ju-
dicial proceeding have been broken.
Fifth, if the necessary showing is nlacle
at the hearing, the judicial officer is to
issue a warrant for removal of the fugi-
tive bailee, promptly and directly, to the
appropriate authorities of the jurisdic-
tion whence he has fled.
Sixth, violation of these procedures by
the bondsman is made a Federal crime,
punishable by a fine of up to $5,000, or
imprisonment of up to 2 years, or both.
It is my hope that this legislation will
receive the prompt attention of both
Houses of Congress and that hearings
will be held at the earliest possible date.
I invite my colleagues on both sides of
the aisle to join me in this effort. to
remedy a long-standing and grievous
flaw in the pattern of existing law.
I From the Philadelphia Inquirer, Dec 27,
14)S51
AN ALABAMA INVASION
We are glad that Tyrone Collins has been
res bored to his family in Norristown after a
harrowing experience with two Alabama. bail
bondsmen during the previous week. It was
quite a Christmas story.
And it is to be assumed, of course, that
with the proper recourse to proper legal pro-
cedures, he will yet answer whatever boon
fide charges may be facing him in Mobile.
In any event, it should be made clear that
Pennsylvania is net in the business of being
a refuge for persons wanted in out-of-Suite
courts.
Nevertheless, the manner in which young
Collins was virtually kidnaped from his liome
a week ago by the two bondsmen-in a man-
Iicr too reminiscent of old-time bounty-
hunters---was such an outrageous infringe-
ment of the laws and procedures of this
Commonwealth that it should not be forgot-
ten or brushed aside.
Representative RICHARD S. SclrwEruEa, Tie-
publican, of Pennsylvania in whose district
the highly illegal "grab" was made, has in-
terested himself rightly in this case since
the start and is intent not only on investiga-
tion but corrective legislation, if it is needed,
in Congress. In view of the appearance of
an armed invasion of this sovereign State by
citizens of Alabama, which the Collins case
presents, it is evident that some very specific
legislation may be required.
In Alabama bail. bondsmen may riot need
warrants in "hot pursuit" of their quarry,
but in Pennsylvania they do. We expect
visiting bondsmen-or law officials, for that
matter-to abide by this Commonwealth's
rules of procedure when they are in this
jurisdiction. It does not seem much to ask--
but if it requires Federal law to make the
point, then let us have such a law on the
books.
(From the Evening Bulletin, Dec. 29, ices j
TnE COLLINS CASE LESSON
A. rap on the door on a Sunday night. Men
bursting in to snap handcuffs on a suspect-
men men with the effrontery to demand money
from a mother, "if you want this boy to eat."
Then a trip of hundreds of miles to put a
bail bond jumper named Tyrone Collins back
in Alabama.
Such tactics are repellant to Pennsyl-
vanians' sense of fair play. They sound too
much like the gestapo, or the Soviet secret
police. Therefore there was instant indigna-
tion in this part of the country when Tyrone
Collins was grabbed at his Norristown home
by representatives of a Mobile bonding firm.
Not only the NAACP was outraged; thousands
of Pennsylvanians felt the same, including
a Congressman, a Governor, an attorney
general.
The charge on which young Collins pre-
sumably skipped bond was serious enough---
knifing a fellow high school student. It de-
veloped that this was not the only charge
against him. He had racked up two counts
of driving without a license since his return
to Norristown. But though it began to look
as if Collins was not the ideal teenager, the
idea of bail bondsmen breaking and enter-
ing, without a warrant, still was repugnant.
Surprisingly enough, some legal experts dug
into their books and read them to say that
the bondsmen were legally right.
There is, therefore, a lesson in the case of
Tyrone Collins, though perhaps not wh-,-A it
first seemed to be. The point is that Amner-
ica's laws on return of bail skippers are
primitive and need statutory correction.
Certainly, no felon ought to be given refuge
merely because he crosses a State line; but a
man on bail is not yet tried, and therefore is
presumed to be innocent. An orderly, legal
procedure ought to be necessary before he
can be dragged out of a home at night. The
Collins case makes the need for revised laws
evident.
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 23, 1966
to be determined by the service Secretary on
a case-by-case basis, taking into account
professional training requirements for doc-
tors and availability of beds in civilian hos-
pitals in the area. (The Rivers subcommit-
tee had recommended 10 to 20 percent of
new beds for retirees and I understand this
is what the Surgeons General prefer.)
At age 65, retirees who, are eligible for so-
cial security medical care would be trans-
ferred to that program. Those not eligible
under social security would continue in the
military retiree program.
In provisions not related to retirees, the
bill also provides outpatient care to active
duty dependents and long-term care for re-
tarded children of military personnel. Both
are new benefits, and both are extremely
worthwhile.
The program would cost about $120 million
in fiscal year 1968, its first full year of oper-
ation, and could be expected to rise gradu-
ally to an annual cost of about $190 million.
Now, of course, I don't want to prejudge
the legislation before our subcommittee has
had a chance to consider it. But it has some
obviously attractive features. Some retiree
beds would continue to be programed in mili-
tary facilities. Retirees would get a program
of care in civilian facilities for the first
time, and those who live far from a military
hospital would no longer be denied this im-
portant benefit.
Some of the other provisions are going to
take careful study. The social security med-
ical care supplemental program has some
features, such as nursing care, which are not
available under the Dependent Medicare Act.
These may prove desirable to military re-
tirees. On the other hand, we are going to
have to take a close look at cost to see the
individual is not charged more at a time in
life when he is least able to pay.
The provision for higher charges for those
with less than 30 years service is also going
to need close scrutiny. With so many laws
designed to encourage retirement before 30
years, there may be serious questions of
equity as well as problems in administering
the provision.
Speaking personally, I cannot approve the
section which establishes higher priority of
availability of medical facilities for 30-year
retirees than' those with less than 30 years.
I can justify a reduced deductible payment
for the 30-year retiree because he has con-
tributed of himself for a longer period. But
as long as we have laws which allow retire-
ment at less than 30 yea' s, I cannot discrim-
inate against any retiree on the basis of
availability of hospital facilities. When a
retiree is sick, a hospital bed should be
avaliableperiod-whether he served 20
years or 40.
The Department of Defense has created
discrimination against some retirees with its
ill-advised recomputation system-let's not
create another type of discrimination.
But these are details to be worked out.
The important thing is to have a bill the
executive branch supports that we can shape
into acceptable legislation.
Admittedly, this bill is quite different from
the legislation I first introduced on the sub-
ject which was based on a program proposed
by the Fleet Reserve Association. But, as I
indicated, that was meant to be a catalyst.
Frankly, I am not so concerned with the
method as with the principle. We never get
everything that all of us want in any one
bill. But what is important is to prvolde for
all of our retirees an assured program of
care, one that cannot wither away because of
administrative neglect.
We are in a time when the Government
is making an enormous effort to improve the
health of all citizens. Most of you will prob-
ably be quite surprised to hear that our an-
nual Government expenditure for health
programs of all types is in the neighbor-
hood of $7 billion. in the face of that
gigantic national commitment, it is simply
unthinkable that we would let lapse the
medical benefits of military retirees that
have been provided for over 100 years.
Finally, and most important of all, we must
reinstill in the hearts of all our retirees faith
in their Government's promises, faith that
when their Government pledges them a
benefit it will never be taken away.
The moral obligation of the Government
to keep its word to individual military men
is more important than any amount of dol-
lars involved. I believe that during the
recomputation fight and I believe it now.
And this time, I think we are going to win.
COST-OF-LIVING INCREASES FOR
SOCIAL SECURITY RECIPIENTS
(Mr. SHRIVER (at the request of Mr.
BURTON of Utah) was granted permission
to extend his remarks at this point in
the RECORD and to include extraneous
matter.)
Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I have
today introduced legislation to provide
cost-of-living increases in the benefits
paid under the Social Security Act.
My bill would provide an automatic 3
percent increase in benefits whenever the
Consumer Price Index reflects a similar
increase in the cost of living. I am advo-
cating these cost-of-living adjustments
to social security payments because cost
studies by the Department of Health,
Education and Welfare indicate that this
method, alone,, among all the proposals
for reasonable improvements in benefits
can be accomplished without further in-
crease in social security taxes.
The actuarial studies show that the
growth of the economy would provide
the necessary revenues to provide cost-
of-living adjustments.
Mr. Speaker, the most effective action
we could take to protect the earning
power of those living on fixed incomes
would be to stop Government-stimulated
inflation which reduces the value of their
dollars. Unfortunately, the administra-
tion has not demonstrated any inclina-
tion to hold-the-line on deficit spending.
We, therefore, should make a strong ef-
fort to protect older Americans from the
loss of income because of factors beyond
their control.
From 1958 until the most recently
enacted increase in social security bene-
fits, recipients suffered a 7 percent loss
in buying power. The bill I have intro-
duced would prevent such loss of pur-
chasing power in the future.
There are other changes which should
be considered in the present social secu-
rity system. One of these is a bill which
I introduced during the first session of
the 89th Congress. It is H.R. 7340, a
proposal to pay 100 percent of primary
benefit to widows under the Social Secu-
rity Act. I urge that consideration be
given to this legislation at an early date.
CELEBRATE GEORGE WASHING-
TON'S BIRTHDAY ON SUNDAY
PRECEDING AND CELEBRATE
FREEDOM WEEK
(Mr. ELLSWORTH (at the request of
Mr. BURTON of Utah) was granted per-
mission to extend his remarks at this
point in the RECORD and to include ex-
traneous matter.)
Mr. ELLSWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I
have introduced today a House joint
resolution to authorize the President to
issue annual proclamations designating
the Sunday of each year immediately
preceding February 22-the anniversary
of the birthday of George Washington-
as Freedom Sunday, and to designate the
calendar week of each year during which
February 22 occurs, as Freedom Week.
For some years, Freedom Week has
been celebrated by the members of Ser-
toma International. This Is an organ-
ization of business, professional and agri-
cultural men who have come together in
bonds of personal friendship-united in
dedication to service of their commu-
nities. Sertoma, which has over 450
clubs throughout the United States,
Canada, and Mexico, derives its name
from the organization's slogan, "Service
to Mankind."
Many Sertoma Clubs in the State of
Kansas have visited schools this week,
distributing to_ each student a copy of
our Declaration of Independence. Cer-
tainly it is right and proper that Amer-
ica's young people be instilled with a
sense of national heritage.
It is also proper that all Americans
everywhere be given the opportunity to
celebrate a week each year as a tribute
t
o,i+lis same national freedom heritage.
f
V
SHORTAGES IN VIETNAM
(Mr. LATTA (at the request of Mr.
BURTON of Utah) was granted permis-
sion to extend his remarks at this point
in the RECORD and to Include extraneous
matter.)
Mr. LATTA. Mr. Speaker, the ever-
lengthening list of shortages being suf-
fered by our fighting men in Vietnam is,
in my opinion, a national disgrace and
this Congress should investigate them
forthwith. I believe these critical short-
ages can no longer be swept under the
rug and ignored by this Congress. They
have now become common knowledge to
the parents of our servicemen serving in
Vietnam and they are demanding to
know why these shortages exist when we
have been spending approximately one-
half of our Nation's total budget for de-
fense and related items. When one con-
siders the staggering expenditures of the
Department of Defense over the past cou-
ple of years, our fighting men in Vietnam
should be the best equipped soldiers ever
sent into battle. Instead, reports indi-
cate that they are not only unbelievably
Ill equipped, but are improperly fed. It
has been reported that until recently,
an estimated 70 percent of our troops in
Vietnam were eating, C-rations as' a
steady diet because of food shortages and
the shortage of food-storage facilities.
Soldiers from my district are writing
home, as I am sure they are from every
Congressman's district, asking their fam-
ilies to mail them such essentials as jun-
gle boots, fatigues, underwear, socks, and
so forth. The New York Times of Mon-
day, February 21, 1966, verified the needs
of our fighting men when it revealed:
Shortages of winter and summer uniforms,
overcoats, raincoats, fatigues, jungle boots,
underwear, socks, and other items are widely
reported. The Army has reduced consider-
ably the normal amount of clothig initially
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
3594 CONGRESS[ON.AL RECORD -?- HOUSE February 23, 1966
point in the RECORD and to include ex- And [ should like to ask this ques-
traneous matter.) implicit in the following article, from
tion: Why should we at this time con- the Washington Post of February 15:
Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, I cern ourselves about furnishing an ex-
am today introducing legislation calling pensive house for the vice Persident, ad- MOSCOW CLEARS "IMPOSSIBLE" SNOW
for naming our next nuclear aircraft raittedly needed, when the Secretary f Moscow, February l4. a chines Moscow darneo out carrier after one of America's great naval Defense refuses to use the funds w o t e have attack what ]Tars ecalla rsuch an u~ precec
figures, the late Meet Adm. Chester W. already appropriated to furnish proper dented snowfall that "even oldtimers cannot
Nimitz. housing for our fighting men? remember."
I believe that Admiral Nimitz' career If proper housing for our servicemen And. the soviet news agency added, the
symbolizes our U.S. Navy. He was tough, is to be deferred because of budget, limi- machines "did the impossible: Transport
adroit, well schooled in Navy tactics, tations and inflationary pressures, why services were not interrupted fora single
every bit a leader of men of which our should not the same principle app-Al in mimeo." Tass said 27.5 inches of snow fell Nation can justly be proud. His job, connection with. an expensive house for in -several houss.^
after we were attacked in 1941, was to the Vice President? First things first.
L,iko A AT-? 4.. 1.. --
build build our might on the seas. DISASTER STUDY NEEDED NOW (Mr. NELSEN (at the request of Mr.
His epic battles in the Pacific brought (Mr. 1MATHIAS (at the request of Mr. BURTON of Utah) was granted permis
the aircraft carrier into prominence, and 13URTON of Utah) was granted permis- sion to extend his remarks at this point
t
proved that it, could be a devastating in- lion to extend his remarks at this point in the RECORD and to include extraneous
strument? of war. The submarine was in the Recosn and to include extraneous mater.)
also brought into the Pacific sea war, "natter.) minis nis Ntration t+ion today Mr. Speaker, ohs ato
and proved itself deadly. Mr. MATHIAS. Mr. Speaker, three raise taxes the tune asks of the $6 Husn
No one can adequately measure the times in recent months we have seen reimposing e the ta leph o es
gratitude that our Nation has for the transportation tangled, communications and excise taxes on telephones
courageous and skillful leadership Ad- snarled, commerce crippled, and Govern- and cars and by changing withholding
miral Nimitz gave our Pacific fleet when ment stalled by regional disasters. It is these e collection
are necessary methods. We
raise are money
the chins were down. He had vision, ironic that this great Nation, while per- to finance t an Vi a t put
daring, and an uncommon sense of strat- fecting its defenses against enemy attack th the war in Vietnam and to pee
e ty and planning. and sabotage. should remain so vulner- the lid oil inflation.
to these are told it we
Two decades after World War II we able to the whims of weather and the do not in to these taxes, we will be
are again in perilous times. Our depend- failures of any single public utility. deeper in debt.
ewer upon the aircraft carrier increases Northeastern commerce and industry the I only refuse co to
urse buy open this to line. This Congress is not
its the danger of another large-scale con- have been gravely hurt. by the trans- on and
adiet grows. It is only appropriate that portation and communications break- wthis Great administration. The is top istr y
we bestow upon our next nuclear carrier, downs accompanying last November's with ith Society ng lard. There is
the latest development in our nuclear blackout and the New York transit strike. domestic reac spending lard. be There Navy, the name of the man who made the During the blizzard last month, no sound reason why cannot be taken
aircraft carrier a potent and formidable services throughout the great Washing- out to avoid this tax increase.
element in sea warfare. ton metropolitan area were virtually sus- Cars and telephones are necessities.
I am hopeful that my colleagues, who pended, and the Federal Government end zshould of ed w users there these so many be
es and respect the late Admiral alone lost $10 million in salaries on a penalized when
where nonessential spending
Nimitz, will join with me in this effort. single snowbound day. Most serious, of
can course, have been the human tragedies th be curtailed? The answer is that
there is no more logic to this course than
l OME FOR THE VICE PRESIDENT caused by these periods of temporary there is to cutting back existing, proved
paralysis, programs, like the school lunch and milk
(NIr. ARENDS at the request of Mr. ?We have ample proof that our present programs and the land-grant college pro-
1lURTON of Utah) was granted permis- precautions against such occurrences are grams, while at the same time moving to
:;ion to extend his remarks at this point inadequate. We need, right now, a full set up dozens of new, untried expensive
in the RECORD and to include extraneous national survey to discover what re- programs.
matter.) sources we do need and where they can The administration has ignored our
UIr. AR1 NDS. Mr, Speaker, tomorrow be found, so that all levels of American constant warning that you cannot fight
forming the Committee on Public Works government and all public utilities might a major war of unpredictable costs while
=.vill open hearings on a bill introduced be prepared to meet every conceivable at the same time spending borrowed
last Monday by my distinguished cemergency. money at home harum-scarum.
. GRAY] for col- the I am today introducing a bill author- It is time for Congress to insist that
lestgue on from of a Illinois l Mr. for the Vice izing and directing the Office of Emer- this administration start acting with
el eti President, of
the Un00d States. gericy Planning to study this question, in fiscal responsibility. It is apparent the
en lOf the swith which cooperation with State and local govern- only way to insure that the spenders do
In the light igh is. acting speed this proposal meats, and to make a full report to Con- so is to refuse to go along with their
I1re committee
is apparently tonne emergency with gross by December 1, 1966. In my "tax and spend" philosophy which is
th ere are not aware. But, paradoxi- with the OEP is best qualified to damaging this Nation's economic foun-
c ahic there is no eare Bu from the take such an :inventory for three sea- dations and sapping the strength of
'1 of oin, t erew of the merge ct, administration with sons: First, because national security is American taxpayers.
respect to furnishing proper housing for directly involved; second, because the I therefore intend to vote no to this
our servicemen. Oh .P already has relevant information; preposterous tax increase,
and third, because the leadership of the
Last September the Congress provided Federal disaster agency is essential in
I ends for military housing sorely needed. preparing to meet emergencies which do (Mrs. DWYER (at the request of Mr,
Some of our servicemen have been liv- not respect State and local lines. BURTON of Utah) was granted
lprmis-
- in little more than barns, even in Through the survey I propose, the sion to extend her remarks at his point
chats. Last December the Secretary of OEP should be able to submit reasonable in the RECORD and to include extraneous
t )efense arbitrarily shelved our appro- recommendations to Congress, and also matter.)
uriation for military housing. In testi- encourage local and State governments [Mrs. DWYER'S remarks will appear
ur:rrry before our committee the Defense to evaluate their own resources and pre,- hereafter In the Appendix.]
i)epartment claimed that this unilateral pare realistic contingency plans.
;ration was taken because of other budg- While we may never be able to fore-
demands and that the expenditure stall all blackouts, or anticipate all (Mr. WYDLER (at the request of Mr.
v:nuld add to the inflationary pressures. storms, we should be able to combat BURTON of Utah) was granted permis-
I concur in the desirability of fur- their crippling effects. The study pro- sion to extend his remarks at this point
fishing proper housing for our Vice Pres- posed in my bill would help us mobilize in the RECORD and to include extraneous
ci+mnt. But why the rush? our resources and meet the challenge matter.)
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
wiwaiw.nr~h ~wwnuammnr.riw~ ~~~m~~d
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
February 23, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
to protect our freedoms, our heritage, our
Integrity. A newspaper has been rightly
called the conscience of the community.
Columbus, I believe, is blessed with a good
conscience. As long as your paper objec-
tively and honestly reports the news, it
will continue to be a good conscience and a
strong link in the chain of democracy.
NASSER RETREATS FROM HIS
PEACE PLEDGE
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under
previous order of the House, the gentle-
man from New York [Mr. HALPERN) IS
recognized for 15 minutes.
Mr. HALPERN. Mr. Speaker, I have
read with great disappointment that
President Nasser, in a recent speech at
the University of Cairo, rejuvenated his
warlike stance vis-a-vis the Yemen.
This recent speech by President Nasser,
wherein he threatened to maintain his
Yemen intervention, contrary to treaty
provisions, contradicts the widely voiced
optimism that has reigned for some
months.
President Nasser is quoted in this
morning's New York Times as having
said:
if anyone thinks we have become tired be-
cause we have stayed in Yemen so long, let
me say that we are a struggling nation, a
fighting nation, a patient nation. We can
stay in Yemen for 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, or
even 5.
Thus it appears that the Jiddah agree-
ment, which provided for a staged with-
drawal of Egyptian troops from Yemen,
is threatened. Nasser excused his bel-
ligerence by pointing to the sale of Amer-
ican Patton tanks to Israel, and claiming
that conservative, reactionary forces in
the Middle East, goaded by Western pow-
ers, were bent upon countering his in-
fluence and even plotting against his life.
These are charges which, due to lack of
adequate, firsthand knowledge, I can
neither substantiate or reject.
But in the first instance, I cannot un-
derstand how 200 Patton tanks added to
Israel's defenses could possibly, in a seri-
ous way, undermine the security of
Egypt, In view of that country's massive
procurement of Communist arms.
I am inclined to believe that President
Nasser Is an inherently suspicious ruler,
intemperate, and not to be trusted. Per-
haps it is impossible to find the opposite
in the Middle East, a region perpetually
upset by extreme political shifts, per-
sonal feuds, and contradictory ambitions.
The truth is that it is foolish to expect,
through aid commitments, that Ameri-
can policy can effectively influence the
realities in the Arab world.
The Jiddah conference was an Arab
initiative. It seemed that President Nas-
ser had faced the hurtful consequences
of his intervention, and had concluded
that nothing useful could be gained by
continuing a war which showed little
prospect of political advantage or mili-
tary victory.
This was the opinion expressed to me
by many people.
I must say, however, that this tenuous
supposition hardly justified the renewed
aid agreement with the United Arab Re-
public, which was undertaken during the
congressional recess and in spite of
clearly understood congressional senti-
ment. The Jiddah accord spurred the
optimists onward.
As I review recent history, I have come
to doubt the wisdom of buying Influence,
particularly in an area of unique Insta-
bility of constantly shifting loyalties.
Under the present circumstances, the
United States is not justified under any
pretext to render agricultural assistance
to Egypt, when such assistance merely
facilitates foreign intervention.. Unless
the United Arab Republic fulfills its
treaty obligations with respect to the
Yemen, we should not be expected to
honor an aid commitment which the re-
cipient can use to underwrite its hostile
exertions.
Past American attempts to curb Nas-
ser's obsession with foreign troublemak-
ing have repeatedly failed. Officially, we
have been setting unreal expectations.
I cannot agree with the State Depart-
ment that we are, in consequence of our
generosity, gaining any so-called lever-
age over the course of events. In any
case, these are not, in substance, for us
to determine. It is contradictory to as-
sist a developing nation which expends
its meager resources on external adven-
ture, intrigue, and excessive arms pro-
curement.
The United Arab Republic has been
spending millions of dollars to support
its Yemini venture. Additional millions
have gone to arms purchases, for the
stated reason of contending with the so-
.called Israeli threat, but actually used as
an instrument to bolster the power and
prestige of Nasser's Egypt as against real
and potential Arab rivals. It does not
seem to me that this is a particularly
promising field for the projection of
American influence and, indeed, our
mingling in this uncertainty may actually
damage our cause. I thoroughly agree
that it is in,our national interest to sup-
port a balance of power in this troubled
area, especially in view of Israel's threat-
ened existence. But I doubt earnestly
that this can be accomplished through
periodic efforts to court the favor of in-
consistent personalities. In any case,
we invariably wind up in a very ambig=
uous, and often embarrassing, position.
If honest self-help is the new look
in our foreign aid program, then per-
haps we should take a longer view of
Egypt.
President Nasser's recent threat to
break the Jiddah agreement underlines
the insurmountable contingencies with
which, by force of our policy, we are faced
with in the Middle East. It is an
anxious warning to all who would place
their trust too quickly and none too
wisely.
I must add, Mr. Speaker, that it is par-
ticularly curious, and most discouraging,
that Nasser's words came on the eve of
Mr. Anwar el Sadat's good-will visit to
this country. I fail to see what can be
won through recourse to bluster and
threats to the peace, lacking both va-
lidity and commonsense.
PERSONAL ANNOUNCEMENT
(Mr. DUNCAN of Oregon asked and
was given permission to address the
House for 1 minute.)
Mr. DUNCAN of Oregon. Mr.
Speaker, I have been advised by the
Clerk I am not recorded on this last vote.
I was In the Chamber at the time the
vote was being taken. If I had been re-
corded, I would have voted "yea" on the
bill, If.R. 12752.
V
(Mr. GALLAGHER asked and was
given permission. to address the House
for 1 minute and to revise and extend
his remarks.)
Mr. GALLAGHER. Mr. Speaker,
among the many statements which ap-
peared on George Washington's Birth-
day, there was one which particularly
caught my attention because it shows
what history still has to teach us.
In the New York Journal American an
editorial quotes these words of our first
President at the time of the Revolution:
I am under more apprehension on account
of our dissensions, than the effort of the
enemy.
As the Journal American pointed out,
those deeply concerned words could just
as well have been spoken by President
Johnson today.
We have nearly 200,000 American
servicemen in Vietnam. Within recent
days, the parents, the wives, and the
children of these men-more than half
a million of our citizens-have been
treated to television programs, and a few
newspaper headlines which seem to
imply that our boys in Vietnam do not
have the support of American public.
We are engaged with an enemy who
does not believe that American public
opinion will ultimately turn against our
efforts in Vietnam and make it impos-
sible for us to continue. This is a delu-
sion, but one which the events of the last
few days have undoubtedly strengthened.
Those who sincerely seek peace in Viet-
nam must be made aware of the fact
that every newspaper headline and every
televised speech which feeds the delusion
of doubt in Hanoi and Peiping serves
only to prolong the conflict. It is time
to tell our soldiers and our enemy, alike,
that the American public overwhelming-
ly supports our objectives in Vietnam.
Furthermore, they support overwhelm-
ingly the policies which President John-
son is pursuing to accomplish those ob-
jectives. Let us look at the facts.
On "Meet the Press" last Sunday,
White House aid McGeorge Bundy-who
has been the key national security ad-
viser to both President Kennedy and
President Johnson-pointed out that the
President has been acting in Vietnam
with the greatest of restraint. He cited
as evidence that perhaps 10 percent of
the public actually would like the Presi-
dent to go farther.
I have examined several recent opinion
bolls on this matter, and I find that the
figures are even higher. Roughly one-
third of the country believes the Presi-
dent should take much stronger military
action than he himself has as yet found
necessary.
For example, in December of last year
according to the Harris poll, fully 33 per-
cent of the American people believed
that we should carry the ground war into
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
3598 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -- HOUSE February 23, 1966
North Vietnam. Some 39 percent be- There are, too, sincere doubters who be- quire food for world needs as they arise.
lieved that we should step up the bombing Heve our engagement in Vietnam should This a
in North Vietnam at the very time when never have been started. These, too, are in pproacl r would be of tremendous
the President called for a suspension of demanding chorus, benefit to the American taxpayer as well,
the bombings to let the world see who And there are, of course, the outright Com- because we would be spending less money
was sincere, and who was insincere, about munists within our midst, and their duped to stockpile and store commodities. It
peaceniks who seek by clamor to frustrate would be a boon to the American farmer.
the desire for peace in southeast Asia. reason.
Again, in January according to the There are dissensions by many whosa stat- For example, the President is asking for
increase of
.Iowa poll, 36 percent of all Americans tire gives importance to their views and by an
1966. H 1a percent in rice lion to
thought that we should bomb Hanoi and many of low station whose importance is in 1966. He i s asking for permisson to
the other large cities of North Vietnam. that their noise may convey to Hanoi the buy dairy products for distribution.
According to the Gallup pall, 31 per- tragically mistaken assumption that our Na- abroad, as well as at home. He is re-
cent cording to bombing the big cities of tion prepares to unfurl a white flag. questing an increase in soybean produc-fla
and North Vietnam. As recently as this ofBvictory, a b nstill neriof mewiinf ul stars anday tion this to year in, a supplement to oduc-
month, a Mutual Broadcasting poll re- stripes so historically made possible by
g decisions to t andsbthis year's finally, tion of wheat and barley. Anp fiared
and say-
ingt that we should go all Americans
o maintained
by ned gP President hnsonlsar do the the President states that he is prepared
whatever is necessary to defeat Hanoi. vast majority of the American people. to divert some of our 60 million acre;; now
from Vietnam. The Harris poll puts the (Mrs. MINK (at the request of Mr. A third major change in the F'resi-
number at 9 Percent; the Iowa poll puts Boots) was granted permission to ex- dent's program is a shift from accept-
it at 15 percent. tend her remarks at this point in the ante of local currency in foreign coun-
It is obvious from these aall the 13,ECOlto and to include extraneous mat- tries to a dollar credit sale. This will be
other gobs that the these and our all the ter.) an orderly transition to be completed policies other
ment
polls Is now pursuing in Vietnam Mrs. MINK. Mr. Speaker, the I'resi- within 5 years, as the attempt will be to
represent what the overwhelming ma- dent of the United States sent to Con- establish a pattern of loans comparable
jority of our citizens believe should be press on February 10 a message in which to present development loans. The
done, he outlined his proposals to open up a thrust is to move out of local currency
President Johnson has said that we new war of great importance to all Amer- to the point where we will have a de-
intend to stay. He has also said that we scans-a war against hunger. Let me mand on the dollar resources of the
intend to stay. no) more than Is absolutely that we quote for you the opening sentences of countries involved. As a practical mat-
necessary to bring the other side to the this message, ter, most countries receiving aid would
conference table. This is a positive Men first joined together for the nothin- not be able to meet dollar commitments
program which contains our best hope ties of Air t food for their families, clothing readily, nor would they be forced to do so,
r peace, not only in Vietnam but to protect them, housing to give them shel- but this change would give us a claim on
foroughoe sot only Asia. n Presi- ter. These are the essentials of peace and dollars on a long-term basis.
dent's critics, as I have shown, repre- nEedseS But till largethe ly wu n flfilled. these hen Summed up briefly aken, the P1cean
.seat no significant portion of U.S. public men and their families are hungry dent's proposal will make self-help an
, poorly integral part of
opinion, nor significant they offer any sensible, clad and ill hoard, the world is restless--
rour pl food
re aid program,
workable alternative whatsoever. and civilization exists at best in troubled eliminate the surplus requirement for
The voices of dissent will continue. peace. food aid, emphasize the development of
The timid, the uncertain, and the be- Hunger poisons the mind. It. saps the markets for American farm products, au-
The timi will , he nce to n, heard. They body. It destroys hope. It is the natural thorize greater food aid shipments over
were heard during our Revbe enemy olution, but in that the of Uneverv ited rStatesnlead the I
world propose
in cash markets and h fize the i arc g
history, their echo becomes dimmer with a war against hunger. There can only be food foo marks gshit toward financing
nollar credits
every passing sear. What is remem- victors in this war. Since every nation will rather aid through r than h sales for long-term
tiered now is the determination, the wis- share in that victory, every nation should cottign currencies,
nom, and the restraint of the leader who share in its costs. n: urge all who can help continue the financing of the food aid
]drought us safely through. to join us. program under the Commodity Credit,
i would like to assure the President 'With these inspiring words, President Corporation, increase emphasis on com-
that,. In my opinion, history is going to Johnson submitted his new proposed bating malnutrition, continue to wook
repeat itself. Food for Freedom Act to the 2d session people agencies in and provide
I fully expect that at some future of the 89th Congress. for better people assistance programs, and provide
time, a Member of this great body will ]Populations are exploding today. other economicas ist nce. food aid with
rise to quote from an editorial concern- Every nation in the world recognizes this. Hearings have already begun in the
'sag President Johnson in Vietnam sim- Yet, tragically, some of the most under- House Agriculture Committee on the
ilar to the Journal American editorial developed countries are girding their overall problem of world hunger. I am
about President Washington which I production to industry often to the following the progress of these hearings
iiold in my hand, and which I now insert manufacture of implements of war. But closely, for I am deeply concerned with
in the RECORD: food for peace will mean just what it says the problem of hunger in the world.
I From the New York Journal-American, if the President's proposal is approve: d-- While in India last year, I got afirst-
rles22, 19661 only nations that gear their own efforts
Now, AS THEN to increased agricultural output will re- that hand look most Americans the suffering suffering of osiibly
"r am under more apprehension on ac- ceive maximum aid from the United cannot possibly understand
ronzni; of our own dissensions, than the effort States. The key to the new program is am in to sl accord much of the sdent
of the enemy. self-help. I when al accord with the Presidcatt
'"'11,3 deeply concerned words could well. Also, references to friendly wehe says:
have been spoken by President Johnson who nations would be deleted, taking food
We can make our technology and skills
lids, indeed, expressed similar concern. But for peace out of the political sphere. powerful instruments for agricultural pr?u
they were written by George Washington. The whole emphasis will be on g
giving less throughout the world-wherever urea
They are as applicable today, as then, and agricultural aid to those countries which commit themselves to the task of feeding
his birthday makes their recollection appro- help themselves. the hungry.
prlate in this time of national stress when The second innovation in the Presi- I believe this to be a task worthy of
our difficulties without are rendered more dent's proposal is his intent to eliminate Americans, It calls upon us to give the
s;rions by dissensions within.
The quitters are in full, loud voice. They the requirement that food aid be out of best of ourselves, to stretch forth the
would have us pull out of Vietnam, wiry- our own surplus. No longer would food hand of brotherhood to all who are in
niuy, in virtual surrender and world dis- allotments be based on mere availability need. I am convinced that we cannot
grace, in shameful abandonment of pledge in Our storage bins, but the Secretary of remain apathetic to the accelerating
and honor. Agriculture would be authorized to ac- seriousness of the problem of world
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 =Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
3612
the president of one of the oldest and,
by reason of his association with it, one
of the leading hospitals of our country.
Blessed with the Insight of leadership,
he chose wisely in his selection of peo-
ple of similar purpose, energy, and con-
cern for others. He brought Rhode Is-
land Hospital to the forefront of excel-
lence in its avowed functions of quality
patient care, education, and research to
benefit the people of the Providence
Plantations and the entire State.
He developed new concepts of care for
an institution that has provided a cen-
tury of service to the sick and injured.
He and Rhode Island Hospital together
have been in the vanguard of progress for
meeting the health needs of our State.
Before Congress passed legislation to
help stimulate local financing of facil-
ities for student nurses, Rhode Island
Hospital-recognizing the need to attract
more qualified young women to this im-
portant profession-constructed a nurs-
ing arts building and a senior student
nurses dormitory, appropriately named
the Gerry House.
Before Congress undertook to support
Mr. Johnson's present master plan for
advancing the Nation's health, Rhode
Island Hospital faced the problem of its
responsibility to the people of Rhode
Island and is at this moment in process
of developing plans for a large, 12-story
building solely dedicated to the care of
the ambulatory patient. This ambula-
tory patient center will meet the increas-
ing need for health care at the most
economical levels of construction expense
and cost to the patient.
Such are two examples of long-range
planning which only the most progressive
of our country's medical centers are pro-
viding. By reason of leadership such as
Mr. Gerry's, such hospitals demonstrate
an understanding of Mr. Johnson's
theme, which he expressed recently in
these words:
It is imperative that we give first attention
to our opportunities-and our obligations-
for advancing the Nation's health. For the
health of our people is, inescapably, the
foundation for the fulfillment of all our
aspirations.
Louis Cardell Gerry, in an annual re-
port to his hospital's corporation a few
years ago, voiced a similar concern:
We have indeed come far. What a comfort
it would be to be able to stop climbing, seat
ourselves comfortably and view our accom-
plishments. Such, however, is not desirable;
it is not even possible. We have come far, it
is true, and although it sounds paradoxical
we have even farther to go than ever. As we
progress in one area, several more areas are
opened up. We are, in the truest sense of
the word, in an expanding universe. I
McNAMARA'S CONTRADICTIONS
The SPEAKER. Under previous order
of the House, the gentleman from Louisi=ana [Mr. WAOGONNER] is recognized for
20 minutes.
Mr. WAGGONNER. Mr. Speaker, like
every other Member of Congress, I imag-
ine, I am receiving an increasing number
of letters from the district I represent
concerning the war in Vietnam.
I am well aware that this is a theater
of operations 8,000 miles from our shores
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
in an area of the world where newly cre-
ated nations abound and this, to some
degree, contributes to the confusion
that exists over the entire aspect of the
war there.
But an even greater contribution to
the confusion and, in my opinion, the
single most significant factor causing the
controversy over our policy and actions
there, is the record of contradictory
statements for which Secretary McNa-
mara is responsible.
I believe as well that, because we have
withheld the truth from the people and
camouflaged what the situation was in
Vietnam a year ago, that we cannot now
show the people how much better the
situation is today. To do so would prove
beyond question that we did not tell the
truth a year ago.
I am a great believer, Mr. Speaker, in
"the record," that chronicle of events
made famous by Al Smith when he first
said, "Let's look at the record."
It is quite fashionable these days for
officials of the Government to make one
statement one day and then deny it the
following day or else say something quite
different and hope that no one will re-
member what they said the first time.
This is a dangerous and deplorable habit;
particularly deplorable when it is prac-
ticed by the Secretary of Defense.
Secretary McNamara's statements on
the war In Vietnam make a fascinating
collection of confusion and contradiction
which would be amusing if the subject
matter were not so grave. I think it will
serve an enlightening purpose if all his
statements are put together in one place
in the RECORD so future historians can
study it.
Let us begin with a statement he made
on March 22, 1962. At that time, return-
ing from a conference In the Pacific,
McNamara told newsmen that South
Vietnam had taken the offensive.
Less than 2 months later, while in
Saigon, McNamara told newsmen "there
is no plan for introducing American
combat troops in South Vietnam." This
was on May 9, 1962.
Two days later, on May 11, 1962, Mc-
Namara said he was "tremendously en-
couraged."
A White House policy statement dated
October 2, 1963, contains this statement:
Secretary McNamara and General Taylor
reported their judgment that the major part
of the U.S. military task can be completed by
the end of 1965.
Secretary McNamara, in Honolulu on
November 20, 1963, announced that
American troops would start being with-
rawn before the end of that year, 1963.
he following month, Secretary Mc-
Namara changed his mind. He said in
Saigon on December 21, 1963, that we
would not go ahead with troop with-
drawal plans.
Another month went by before the
Secretary delivered another pronounce-
merit that should be made a part of the
RECORD. After the fall of Diem, in which
he, himself, undoubtedly had a part,
McNamara said:
The new government ? ? ? has consid-
erably more support than its predecessor, and
the military revolutionary committee is be-
binning to take action to intensify military
operations
istration.
February 23, 1966
and to Improve civil admin-
Everything was corning up roses ac-
cording to the Secretary when he testi-
fied here on the Hill a month later, on
January 27, 1964. At that time he said
that most of the 15,000 U.S. troops In
Vietnam should be withdrawn before
1965 was over. He said he did not be-
lieve the United States "should assume
the primary responsibility for the war
in South Vietnam."
The Secretary continued to see the
situation there through rose-colored
glasses 2 months later. Back from his
fourth trip to Saigon, he reported that
the Khanh regime had "produced a
sound central plan for the prosecution of
the war" and that the situation "can
be significantly improved in the coming
months."
Nine days later, the Secretary's opin-
ion had taken a turn of 180 degrees. On
March 26, 1964, he said:
The situation in South Vietnam has un-
questionably worsened, at least since last
fall.
He said also that the situation was "not
hopeless, but not particularly optimis-
tic."
Three days later, however, things took
another turn for the better. On March
29, 1964, McNamara said:
The training personnel we have assigned
there will come back as their training mis-
sion is completed. Perhaps some can return
this year; some next.
The truth of the matter came from his
own statement a month later when, on
April 24, 1964, he told newsmen
that U.S. strength in the Vietnam area
was on the rise. He said:
I don't want to predict what the totals
will be at the end of this year or at the
end of 1965.
On that same day, the Secretary came
up with a real prize in this statement:
I don't object to its being called
McNamara's war. I think it is a very im-
portant war and I am pleased to be identified
with it.
Back in Saigon for another look-see,
the Secretary was very pleased with
what he saw. He said:
Excellent progress. The plans we laid out
in March, if they are consistently followed
up, will work effectively.
This was on May 13, 1964. Back in
Washington the next day, May 14, 1964,
he said that "certain additional U.S. per-
sonnel will be needed in Vietnam." Let
us mercifully draw the curtains to denote
the passage of 24 hours.
On May 15, testifying again here on
the Hill, the Secretary was reported to
have been "gloomy" and to have said
that the anti-Vietcong efforts had deteri-
orated.
Oh, "what a difference a day makes,"
as the songwriter says.
On August 5, 1964, the Secretary re-
ported U.S. bombing raids against North
Vietnam and reported "energizing" ad-
ditional Army, Marine, Air Force, and
antisubmarine units.
If there is one point in this recount of
a thoroughly shoddy situation when it
can be said that the custard pie had hit
the fan, it was on November 26, 1964,
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
February 23, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
3611
ulation of the United States, particularly com:onunity education programs on pre- I
the aged and the aging, in protecting, ventive health care. h, tomised, o t iu my "Living Care" ce legislation to maintaining, and improving their Finally, a 12-man Advisory Council on the elderly. r bill I introduce today is
health." Adult Health Protection would be estab- the first piece of such legislation i intend
Mr. Speaker, from this premise we lished to advise the Surgeon General of to introduce in this 2d session of the 89th
p:'opose for the first time to provide Fed- the Public Health Service in the admin- Congress. It is a vital piece of legisla-
cral assistance in the establishment and istration of this program. This Council tion, for only by preventive care can we
operation of regional and community will include men who are leaders in the hope to reduce the staggering load of suf-
hea.lth protection centers for the detec- fields of medicine, public health, public fering borne by the elderly in our midst.
Lion of disease; to provide assistance for welfare, or representatives of national As most of you know, I have concerned
the training; of personnel to operate such organizations concerned with the inter- myself with the
centers ; and to provide assistance in the ests of the aging. And it shall include for the past decades Problems
1956 I supported
conduct of certain research related to one or more national leaders known for the President in establishing a Federal.
:;uch centers and their operation. their dedication to the national interest Council on Aging, and in 1959 I intro-
1 do not propose to read this bill aloud and tine welf are of the Nation's citizens. duced legislation calling for the White
to you here, but its purpose is to en- The basic idea behind the act, put House Conference on Aging that was
courage and assist, through grants, in simply, is this: to launch a genuine. held in 1961.
the planning, establishment, and opera- nationwide preventive medicine ca. m- In 1963 I introduced the Older Amer-
Lion of regional health and community paign. By making these testing services leans Act which finally passed in 1965.
;retection centers, each of which will available to any person age 50 or above, I am happy to say that the Aging Ad-
tarnvide health appraisal and disease de- on a voluntary basis, we will encourage ministration that it created within the
section services, on a periodic basis, to men and women approaching retirement Department of Health, Education, and
any adult who requests such services, if to take regular health examinations and Welfare is now a going concern.
he has attained age 50 and resides with- we will facilitate the giving of full ex- I am proud of this record and of these
in the geographic area served by the aminatiols by practicing physicians. successes. Yet it is no exaggeration to
center's. Mr. Speaker, the long-range answer to say that I believe that the Adult Health
These health protection centers would the health problems of the aging is in Protection Act of 1966 will be the most
provide a series of basic tests for the early identification and control of important single piece of legislation con-
detection of abnormalities in the cardio- disease and prevention of illness and dis- cerning the aging and the aged that I
vascular, respiratory, gastro-intestinal, ability.
have ever introduced into this House.
scul r and musculo-skeletal Now, ideally, we would achieve this
systems as well as defects in metabolism goal by having periodic health examina-
a.nd organs of special sense. tions for everyone. Realistically, of LOUIS CARDELL GERRY
flpecific diseases or conditions to be course, we know that there are not Mr. FOGARTY. Mr. Speaker, on F'eb-
test:,ed might include hypertension, vari- enough physicians to accomplish apro- ruary 5 the House of Representatives
to , rheumatoid ar van - gram of this scale. lost a constituent, a taxpayer, a business
tis, us forms orms respiratory of cancer, rheumatoid
o
t dFortunately., a way has been found out leader, a Republican, a a
kidney disease, obesity, insufficiency, diabetes, i hearing and of this dilemma. friend of the people and, I am both proud
vision
vision disease, What we are proposing in this act is and personally grieved to say, a fellow
tests would be administered by to take the proven automated testing Rhode Islander and a friend.
Le 'I he t sts ts ouland medical special- techniques from an unusual project in Mr. Louis Cardell Gerry, of Provi-
jec nicia nurses, d sedi al specs l- California-called Kaiser Permanents- dence, R.I., died on February 5 at the
its using automated .t which has already been and adapt them for demonstration on a age of 81 after a career as business exec-
cgiup n give swift, accurate, been communitywide basis in other areas of utive and financier, after nearly two
prole results. The results of these tesre- ts, the country. decades as
along with data Assisted by a grant from the Division president of Rhode Ice to
provided by the person of Chronic Diseases, Public Health Serv- Hospital, mter a lifetime of service to
undergoing the health appraisal, would ice, the Kaiser Foundation health plan his fellow man.
be fed into a computer. It is estimated
in Oakland has p He was a director o of a
Brown score of copo-
i!at t;he battery of tests could be ad- developed a multitest rations, a trustee of Brown University,
flinir,the within of
hours. laboratory that is immensely accurate a former chairman of the Providence
The results of the tests, summarized by and
Some 40,000corr Kaiser-Permanents chapter of the American Red Cross, the
t.lu computer. would be referred to the health plan beneficiaries are participat- 33d degree Mason, a recipient of the
Private physician of the person taking ing in this pilot health Program. Their Cost Greater Providence Chamber of ommerce I,hem, In. cases where the persons either experience will now become the basis for ward for nnanl Roger Williams
did not have a private physician or was this first nationwide preventive medicine Award fooutstanding service to the
med".tally indigent, the tests would be effort, so far as the chronic diseases are community.
referred to a physician in accordance concerned-just as, once upon a time, a Ovted a lowithng the period Rhode of ode time Isla hen d was Coln-
as-
with local practice. Preventive medicine effort had to be sociahe adult health protection centers launched against the infectious diseases. without rnunity Chests. He compensation as served racing the and State
are intended to provide an efficient means May this new effort be as successful
l' former
[or the detection of abnormalities or in- as that campaign proved to be, letics administrator under the former
dilations of disease--but not to replace Once again I want to repeat what I Gov. William H. Vanderbilt, during
full examinations. Their purpose is to said at Cranston last fall. which time he was the author of a mod-
place in the hands of the examining I know well that, hearing this ernized set of racing rules for the State.
pro-
phys:.cian a summary of basic data and posal, many voices will cry out-cry o
ut During World War II he served with
I,o place promptly under a physician's as they did against medicare, and as mthe an of the Rhode Island Salvage Conn-
care a. person with indications of disease they did against thelhea:rt disease, can- mission, a member of the committee of
coned: Lions. cer, and stroke program, and as they Veterans' Information Center, and both
1'11)? health protection centers would cried out against most of the other far- during the war and afterward was a
conduct training programs in the opera- sighted public health bills passed by the member of the First Army Advisory
i.ion of technical disease detection pro- 89th Congress.
Committee.
c'e dares and would research and develop But I say to them, as I said in this The
new disease detection tests and equip- House last year, when asked where "this man of whom I speak did not hold
public
merit. Additional grants to the centers kind of business" will end: that I, for office, though he was a devoted
,vonto be authorized for operational re- one, intend to keep going and going until amplified enlightened and
+earch and for the establishment of in- we take adequate care of as ma Public servant; a private citizen who -
iernships to give on-the-job training to as we cis.people support of sound legislation; a friend rof
physicians, nurses, and technical person- better heal
Congress.
thyservices, can who so no matter how Particularly, to men he was a source of
net, V Ile centers would also conduct long it takes.
=aspiration in his chosen avocation as
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
February 23, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
when Secretary McNamara told news-
men they should not interview General
Taylor because in his words:
It would be impossible for Max to talk to
these people without leaving the impression
the situation is going to hell.
Bear with me, 'Mr. Speaker. I know
that this recounting stretches the credi-
bility to the snapping point, but there are
three more "pronouncements" I would
like to include.
On February 18, 1965, buoyed up by
heaven knows what, the Secretary of
Defense said:
The past year has also brought some en-
couraging developments.
Visiting in Saigon for the sixth time,
the Secretary assayed the situation and
delivered himself of this:
We are no longer losing. It will be a long
war.
One more quotation, Mr. Speaker, and
I will rest my case. In December of 1965,
Mr. McNamara said, when he returned
from his seventh trip, that he was "su-
prised" at the intensity of the war.
I wish I could, like Shakespeare, leave
him to heaven, but I cannot. This man,
this computerized genius, is at the helm
of our ship of war and this dreary record
of his faltering, misunderstanding of the
situation and the foe we face in Vietnam
is a cause for alarm.
If the Secretary had had confidence in
the American people and had told them
the truth about the situation in Vietnam
each time I have recorded his statements,
there would not now, be the division, the
controversy, and the confusion which
exists in the minds of many.
I hope this recording serves a useful
purpose in setting his record straight.
LEAVE OF ABSENCE
By unanimous consent, leave of ab-
sence was granted as follows, to:
Mr. HANSEN of Iowa (at the request of
Mr. ALBERT), for. February 24 and 25, on
account of official business.
Mr. CHELF (at the request of Mr.
NATCHER), on account of death of close
friend.
Mr. DYAL, for Thursday, Friday,' and
Monday; February 24, 25, and 28, on ac-
count of official business.
By unanimous consent, permission to
address the House, following the legisla-
tive program and any special orders here-
tofore entered, was granted to:
Mr. HALPERN (at the request of Mr.
BURTON of Utah), for 15 minutes, today;
and to revise and extend his remarks and
include extraneous matter.
Mr. BUCHANAN (at the request of Mr.
BURTON of Utah), for 1 hour, on Febru-
ary 28; and to revise and extend his re-
marks and include extraneous matter.
Mr. FOGARTY (at the request of Mr.
BOGGS), for 15 minutes, today, on two
different subjects; to revise and extend
his remarks and to include extraneous
matter.
Mr. WAGGONNER (at the request of Mr.
BOGGS), for 20 minutes, today, and to re-
vise and extend his remarks and to in-
clude extraneous matter.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS DEATH OF REV. BERNARD
By unanimous consent, permission to BRASKAMP, CHAPLAIN
extend remarks in the Appendix of the The SPEAKER. Under previous order
RECORD, or to revise and extend remarks of the House, the gentleman from Iowa
was granted to: [Mr. GREIGGI is recognized.
Mr. KEOGH asked and was given per- Mr. GREIGG. Mr Speaker and Mem-
mission to revise and extend his remarks. bers of the House, it was with a great deal
Mr. SCHMIDHAUSER (at the request of of sadness that I am called upon today
Mr. BOGGS) to extend his remarks during to announce to you the sudden death of
the debate on H.R. 12752 and to include our beloved Chaplain, the Reverend Ber-
extraneous matter. nard Braskamp. Mr. Speaker, Dr.
(The following Members (at the re- Braskamp was born in Alton, Iowa, a
quest of Mr. BURTON of Utah) and to in- small farm community in my district of
elude extraneous matter:)
Mr. HALPERN in three instances.
Mr. DERWINSKI in four instances.
Mr. LAIRD in two instances.
Mr. RuMSFELD in three instances.
Mr. MORSE in two instances.
Mr. YOUNGER in two instances.
Mr. SPRINGER in two instances.
Mr. DAGUE.
Mr. HALL.
Mr. FINo.
Mr. CONABLE.
Mr. QUILLEN.
Mr. ANDERSON Of Illinois.
Mr. CUNNINGHAM.
Mr. MOORE in two instances.
Mr. BROCK in three instances.
Mr. KING of New York in five instances.
Mr. TALCOTT in three instances.
Mr. SHRIVER in two instances.
Mr. MCCLORY in two instances.
Mr. LIPscoMB.
Mr. MATHIAS in five instances.
(The following Members (at the re-
quest of Mr. BOGGS) and to include
extraneous matter:)
Mr. MOELLER.
Mr. DADDARIO in five instances.
Mr. Moss in six instances.
Mr. WILLIAM D. FORD in two instances.
Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey in three
instances.
Mr. GIBBONS in four instances.
Mr. NATCHER.
Mr. RONCALIO in two instances.
Mr. SCHMIDHAUSER in four instances.
Mr. GILLIGAN in two instances.
Mr. BROOKS.
Mr. O'NEAL of Georgia.
Mr. CASEY in two instances.
Mr. ROONEY of Pennsylvania in two
instances.
Mr. GONZALEZ.
Mr. CAREY in two instances.
Mr. VIVIAN.
Mr. DINGELL.
Mr. MULTER in three instances.
Mr. Nix.
Mr. RACE.
Mr. IRWIN in six instances.
Mr. POWELL in six instances.
Mr. Dow.
Mr. FRASER in five instances.
Mr. ROGERS of Colorado.
Mr. EDWARDS of California In two in-
stances.
Mr. CooLEY in two instances.
SENATE ENROLLED BILL SIGNED
The SPEAKER announced his signa-
ture to an enrolled bill of the Senate of
the following title:
S. 1904. An act to authorize the Secre-
tary of the Interior to give to the Indians
of the Pueblos of Acoma, Santa Ana, and
Zia the beneficial interest in certain fed-
erally owned lands heretofore set aside for
school or administrative purposes.
northwest Iowa.
Since coming to the Congress last
year, I was most pleased and proud to
have had a series of opportunities to
reminisce with our Chaplain about the
heritage we both shared. Through this
association, I developed a strong sense of
respect and admiration for Reverend
Braskamp. He typified the personal
elements so necessary to the stature of
the honored position he held for 16
years. It is significant to recall that the
position of Chaplain of the House of
Representatives assures us that our daily
deliberations begin with thoughts of our
Creator-and the burden of such a re-
sponsibility was fully carried by the man
whose memory we honor today. The toll
of time which placed him among my
elders never suffered him to be anything
but enthusiastically concerned with his
duty to God and this honored body.
My predecessor, the Honorable Charles
B. Hoeven, resides in the same com-
munity of the birthplace of Reverend
Braskamp. There was a great friend-
ship and affection between these gentle-
men, and it has been a source of real
pride over these many years to the citi-
zens of Alton to have a native-born son
serve in as high a position as Chaplain
of the U.S. House of Representatives.
I join with all of the Members of the
House of Representatives extending to
the immediate family our deepest
sympathies.
Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. GREIGG. I yield to the distin-
guished majority leader.
Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, all of us
are deeply grieved by the loss of our be-
loved Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp.
Only a few days ago he walked with us
and among us In this chamber, and to-'
night he walks with angels.
This man of God, this noble character,
has been our spiritual adviser and men-
tor for 16 years.
His was the voice of the servant of the
Lord, adjounring us to maintain the
added dimension of spiritual values in
all our earthly works. His prayers di-
mension of spiritual values in all our
earthly works. His prayers often re-
flected the mood and tempo of the
House-its crises, its defeats, its victories.
In every case he reminded us that these
things shall all pass away, but the King-
dom of the Lord shall endure forever.
His messages were essentially messages
of hope-as it the Christian philosophy
itself.
Therefore, while we sorrow at his
passing, we are comforted by the knowl-
edge that our friend and spiritual shep-
herd, has gone to the just reward that
surely awaits him.
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030093-2
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 17ebruary 23, 1966
This distinguished churchman served sions made here this afternoon by the this Chamber daily a quiet radiance
his Presbyterian congregation for 40 distinguished gentleman from Iowa, by of certainty: that life is continuous; that
years and was the dean of Presbyterian the distinguished majority leader, and what we do here is part and parcel of
ministers in Washington, D.C. He was by the distinguished minority leader in the long trek man Is making out of un-
moderator of the Synod of Baltimore, the tributes they have paid to our late conscious perfection to perfected con-
comprising Presbyterian Churches in Chaplain, Dr. Braskamp. It was my sciousness. To him the ancients ex-
Wa>shington, Baltimore, and New Castle, privilege to have been closely associated pressed his deep belief that "never the
Del. His outstanding leadership in send- with Dr. Braskamp. I saw him almost spirit was born, the spirit shall cease to
ing church aid to the people of Holland every day. His office was very close to be never, end and beginning are
during the war caused Queen Wilhelmina mine. dreams-birthless and changeless and
to knight him. in the order of Orange Invariably he was a man of good cheer deathless remains the spirit forever, (lead
Nassau. arid good spirit, optimistic by nature. though the house of it seems."
Dr. Braskamp's 16 years of service in Ile loved his fellowmen. He loved this He exhorted us daily to be true to the
the House were the capstone of a long House of Representatives. He loved our best that is in us-true to the principle
and effective career. His interest in country, and he loved his church and his of integrity, honor, and loyalty upon
politics and government dated back to God. As those who have spoken pre- which this great country that he loved
the days when he enrolled at Princeton viously to me have said, all of us in this so deeply was founded.
specifically to have the opportunity to body are better off because of his years I am sure all who knew him rejoice
hear the lectures of its then President, of service here. that he has stepped across the threshold
Woodrow Wilson. Mr. Braskamp was He lived a beautiful life. He was sad- so quietly, so gently-may the Infinite
originally an Iowan and earlier had at- dened with the passing of his wife a few bless and keep him now and always.
tended Grinnell College. years ago. We used to talk about that. Mr. GREIGG. Mr. Speaker, I thank
As the House knows, Reverend Bras- But he was a man of great courage and the gentlewoman.
kamp was a learned theologian and ? neat faith. Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, will
philosopher, notwithstanding his love of Mr. Speaker, the House has lost a, dear the gentleman yield?
baseball and his boyhood desire to be- friends in the passing of Dr. Braskamp, Mr. GREIGG. I yield to the very dis-
come a major league player. His schol- our Chaplain for snore than 15 years. A tinguished Speaker of the House.
arship did not prevent his enjoying sim- k:ind and gentle man was Dr. Braskamp, Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, the
ple, human things. His humanity was and we in this House are finer men-we sudden death of the Reverend Dr.
the quality which made him our friend are of stronger faith-because he dwelt Bernard Braskamp has come as a pain-
and confidante, as well as our official among us for so many years. ful shock to the membership of the
pastor. We shall greatly miss him; we When I think of Dr. Braskamp, I think House of Representatives. In his 16
can never repay our debt to him. of those words which he lived by, from years of ministering to the spiritual
Mrs. Albert and I extend his children the Book of Joshua, chapter I, verse 9, needs of the Members, of opening our
and all his loved ones our deepest when the Lord said to Joshua: daily sessions with a simple, earnest
sympathy. Be strong and of good courage; be not Mr. GREIGG. I thank the gentleman. afraid, neither be thou dismayed: fe r the prayerual prayer, and Members of and friendly talk informal with groups, individ-
Mr. Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, Lord Thy God is with thee whither soever
i;hau guest. Braskarnp had gathered to himself a
will the gentleman from Iowa yield? host of warm friends. Characteristically,
Mr. GREIGG. I yield to the distin- I think that describes the beautiful, his daily opening prayer, by which Dr.
guished minority leader. inspiring mind of the man who served Braskamp's name became familiar to
Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, us so well and so faithfully for so many many whose needs or inclinations lead
in the passing of Dr. Braskamp, all of years. them to consult the CONGRESSIONAL
us in this Chamber have lost a good Dr. Braskamp was born to humble be- RECORD, was 'brief, to the point, and
friend and wise counselor. We have ginnings, but through his own inspira- marked by both a strong religious feeling
served during his chaplaincy have been tion, intelligence, and hard work, he and a logical commonsense. Since 1958,
strengthened spiritually and religiously earned. his first degree from the Utiiver- he had prefaced his prayer of each day
by his daily prayer and by the messages sity of Michigan, while working at odd with a Scripture text, an admirable cus-
which he gave at the opening of each .jobs on the Campus. His academic rec- tom which I hope his successors may
session. -ord was so superior that he was awarded keep up. His strongly held Presbyterian-
I was particularly fortunate to become a scholarship to the Hartford Theologi- ism was not allowed to narrow the scope
well acquainted with him. We were both cal Seminary in Connecticut. From of his ministry in the House of Repre-
graduates of the University of Michigan, there, he transferred to the Princeton sentatives, and both his prayers and his
and would reminisce on many, many oc- Theological Seminary where he earned Scripture selections were always made in.
casions about Ann Arbor and our at- both a bachelor's degree in theology and such a way as to hearten and encourage:
tendance at the university. a, master's degree in philosophy. He each Member of the House, whatever his
Although Dr. Braskamp was a man of came to us, Mr. Speaker, as acting chap- particular faith or denomination might
God, he was an individual who had a lain for 3 years, and then in 1950, lie was be. Those of no creed, or of faiths widely
broad interest in all facets of life and a elected Chaplain. differing from his own, were alike respon-?
deep appreciation for all people. His A man of wisdom, of kindness and of sive to Dr. Braskamp's human and
daily prayers while we were in session re- noble spirit was the Reverend Braskamp, spiritual warmth, to his evident sincerity,
Elected this interest in and concern for and we shall all miss him. Mr. Speaker, and to his moral force.
his fellow men. it is the spirit a man leaves behind for Dr. Braskamp came to the House of
l can speak for those of us on this which he is most remembered, and Dr. Representatives as Chaplain after a
side and say without hesitation or quali- Braskarnp was a noble servant of our career of 40 years' service to Presbyterian
fication that this Chamber and its Mem- Lord, who gave of himself unselfishly congregations in Washington, D.C. He
hers were better, each and every day, be- for his fellow man. His soul now lies had first come to Washington as a young
cause we had as the Chaplain of the with God, where he will receive eternal man, in 1911, immediately after his
mouse. Dr. Bernard Braskamp. We will love. We thank our Lord that Dr. graduation, with degrees both in theology
miss him, and we all extend to his family Braskamp ministered to us for so many and in philosophy, from Princeton
our very deepest condolences. Dr. years. Theological Seminary and Princeton's
Braskamp has left an indelible impres- Mr. GREIGG. I thank the gentleman. Graduate School of Philosophy. At first
lion on the House of Representatives. Mrs. BOLTON. Mr. Speaker, will the he was assistant pastor of the Church of
Mr. GREIGG. I thank the gentleman. gentleman yield? the Covenant, which is now the National
Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. GREIGG. I yield to the distin- Presbyterian Church, and then was called
:icritleman yield? guished. gentlewoman from Ohio. to the pastorate of the Gurley Memorial
Ur. GREIGG. I yield to the distin- Mrs. BOLTON. Mr. Speaker, this Presbyterian Church. He took the lead
guished majority whip. House has suffered a deep loss in the in the merging of the Gurley congrega-
Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I should death of its Chaplain, the Reverend tion with that of the Gunton-Temple
like to concur in the beautiful expres- Bernard Braskamp. He brought into Church, and in building the present
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
h'ebruary 23, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION
The Clean Air Act of 1963 and its 1965
amendments have given us new tools to
help attack the pollution that fouls the
air we breathe.
We have begun to counter air pollu-
tion by increasing the tempo of effort at
all levels of government.
In less than 2 years Federal financial
=assistance has stimulated a 50-percent
increase in the air pollution budgets of
States and local governments. Federal
standards for the control of automobile
exhausts will apply to the 1968 models.
'J'he Federal interstate abatement pro-
?:ram will significantly supplement State
and local efforts to deal with air pollu-
tion.
I am heartened by the progress we are
making. But I am mindful that we have
only begun our work. I am forwarding
to the Congress proposals to improve and
increase Federal research, financing, and
technical assistance to help States and
local governments take the measures
needed to control air pollution.
POLLUTION FROM FEDERAL ACTIVITIES
The Federal Government is rightly ex-
l:ected to provide an example to the Na-
tion in pollution control. We cannot
make new demands on State and local
governments or on private industry with-
out putting the Federal house in order.
We will take the necessary steps this
year to insure that Federal activities do
not contribute to the deterioration of
our water and air.
Last November I signed an Executive
order requiring that all new Federal in-
stallations include adequate water pollu-
L:on control systems. Agencies are re-
quired to submit long-range plans to
bring existing installations up to the
high level of pollution control required
of new facilities. These plans are to be
submitted by July 1 of this year. We
are providing the funds necessary to im-
plement them.
I also intend to issue an Executive
order dealing with air pollution from
h'ederal activities. The potential dangers
of air pollution have only recently been
realized. The technical and economic
difficulties in conserving the purity of
our air are, if anything, greater than in
protecting our water resources. Never-
theless, I intend to see that the necessary
steps are taken to curtail emissions from
Federal installations.
:IUMAN RESOURCES FOR POLLUTION CONTROL
New projects and new technology are of
little value without skilled people dedi-
cated to putting them to effective use.
I. propose to enlist the services of those
in industry and the universities.
1: propose to attract skilled adminis-
trators and scientists to the challenges of
full-time occupations in pollution con-
trol.
Critical skills are in short supply in all
public pollution control operations. We
need to train scientists and social scien-
tists in these activities, and to demon-
strate the advantages of Government
service as a lifetime occupation. I pro-
pose to establish traineeships, fellow-
ships, and an internship program in Fed-
eral pollution control activities. The
participants will be in residence in Fed-
eral. Pollution control programs through-
out the country.
IMPACT ON OUR CITIES
The pollution control programs I have
recommended will benefit all Americans.
But nowhere will the impact be greater
than on our cities.
These steps can clean the air that is
today blighted by smoke and chemicals.
These steps can bring to growing ur-
ban centers abundant supplies Of pure
water to sustain today's prosperity and
to satisfy tomorrow's needs.
These steps can enrich the daily life
of the city dweller and his children by
restoring surrounding waterways to their
unspoiled natural beauty. For we know
that ugliness is degrading and costly, but
that beauty can revive the human spirit
and enlarge the imagination.
NATIONAL WATERCOMMISSION
In no area of resource management are
the problems more complex-or more
important-than those involving our Na-
tion's water supplies. The water short-
age in the Northeastern United States is
a dramatic reminder that we must take
every possible step to improve the man-
agernent of our precious water resources.
I propose the establishment of a Na-
tional Water Commission to review and
advise on the entire range of water re-
source problems-from methods to con-
serve and augment existing water sup-
plies to the application of modern tech-
nology, such as desalting, to provide
more usable water for our cities, our in-
dustries, and our farms.
This Commission will be composed of
the very best minds in the country. It
will judge the quality of our present ef-
forts.. It will recommend long-range
plans for the future. It will point the
way to increased and more effective
water resource measures by the Federal
Government, working in close coopera-
tion with States, local communities, and
private industry.
SAVING OUR FORESTS
Since the century's beginning the Na-
tional Government has labored to pre-
serve the sublime legacy that Is the
American forest.
Time after time public intervention
has prevented the destruction of irre-
placeable forest lands.
Our national park and forest systems
are America's principal trustee in the
vital task of conservation. That task
cannot be accomplished in a single
stroke. It requires patient determina-
tion and careful planning to secure for
our people the beauty that is justly
theirs. It merits careful planning.
I propose that we plan now to com-
plete our national park system by 1972--
the 100th anniversary of Yellowstone,
the world's first national park.
Substantial progress has been made
during the last 4 years. Yet many scenic
masterpieces remain unprotected and
deserve early inclusion in the national
park system.
A REDWOOD NATIONAL PARK
I propose the creation of a Redwood
National Park in northern California.
It is possible to reclaim a river like the
Potomac from the carelessness of man.
But we cannot restore-once it is lost--
the majesty of a forest whose trees soared
upward 2,000 years ago. The Secretary
of the Interior-after exhaustive consul-
tations with preservationists, officials of
the State of California, lumbermen, and
others-has completed a study of the de-
sirability of establishing a park of inter-
national significance.
I have reviewed his recommendations,
and am submitting to the Congress leg-
islation to establish such a park. This
will be costly. But it is my recommen-
dation that we move swiftly to save an
area of immense significance before it is
too late.
OTHER OUTDOOR RECREATION PROPOSALS
Other major outdoor recreation pro-
posals which should be approved in 1966
are:
1. Cape Lookout National Seashore,
N.C.
2. Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lake-
shore, Mich.
3. Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore,
Ind.
4. Oregon Dunes National Seashore,
Oreg.
5. Great Basin National Park, Nev.
6. Guadalupe Mountains National
Park, Tex.
7. Bighorn Canyon National Recrea-
tion Area, Mont.-Wyo.
8. Flaming Gorge National Recrea-
tion Area, Utah-Wyo.
For a region which now has no na-
tional park, I recommend the study of a
Connecticut River National Recreation
Area along New England's largest river,
in the States of New Hampshire, Ver-
mont, Massachusetts, and Connecticut..
I propose the early completion of stu-
dies and planning for two new parks--
the Apostle Isles Seashore along Lake
Superior and North Cascades in Wash-
ington State.
NATIONWIDE TRAIL SYSTEM
In my budget, I recommended legisla-
tion to extend Federal support to the Ap-
palachian Trail, and to encourage the
development of hiking trails accessible to
the people throughout the country.
I am submitting legislation to foster
the development by Federal, State, and
local agencies of a nationwide system of
trails and give special emphasis to the
location of trails near metropolitan
areas.
PRESERVATION OF HISTORIC SITES
Historic preservation is the goal of
citizen groups in every part of the coun-
try. To help preserve buildings and sites
of historic significance, I will recommend
a program of matching grants to States
and to the National Trust for Historic
Preservation.
WILD RIVER SYSTEM
I am encouraged by the response to my
proposal for a national wild rivers sys-
tem, and I urge the Congress to complete
this pioneering conservation legislation
this year.
COSTS OF LAND ACQUISITION
The spiraling cost of land acquisitions
by the Federal Govermnent, particularly
for water resource and recreational pur-
poses, is a matter of increasing concern.
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
February 23, 1966
Mr. MORSE. I wish to comment on
two points the Senator has made.
First of all, I wish the Senator to know
that I agree with him on the desirability
of a vote this week. I want him to know
also that I shall not agree to a unani-
mous-consent agreement to vote on it,
because I believe that if we hold sessions
for a reasonable number of hours each
day, we will get a vote on it this week.
Some of us are busily engaged in pre-
paring what we consider to be a very
basic statement of policy on the part of
those of us who disagree with the esca-
lated war policy which we think is in-
herent in the pending bill. As far as the
senior Senator from Oregon is concerned,
I would join in any objection to a fili-
buster on this bill. But I have not heard
anyone talking about a debate that could
possibly be characterized as a filibuster.
However, some of us have an honest,
sincere belief that the pending measure
raises such vital questions of policy in the
field of American foreign relations that
we feel we should not vote on it until
certain statements on that policy have
been made. We think each Senator
should have the right of discussing the
pending measure on its merits without
any time limitation being imposed upon
him.
I would be the most surprised man in
the Senate if we did not reach a vote on
the bill before the week is over. I think
we should vote on it before the week is
over; but only after the regular course of
debate has taken place.
As to the comment the Senator from
Louisiana has made that he thinks the
point of view of some of us may be aiding
and abetting the enemy, that, of course,
he is privileged to discuss, and we shall
reply.
Mr. LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Presi-
dent, may I say that as far as I am con-
cerned, my position is well known.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
pore. The Senator's 3 minutes have ex-
pired.
Mr. LONG of Louisiana. I ask unani-
mous consent that I may have an addi-
tional 2 minutes.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
pore. Without objection, it is so or-
dered.
Mr. LONG of Louisiana. My position
is well known, and I am proud to speak
for a State that is united almost to a
man behind our national policy. While
I have received some criticism, I have
received a great amount of applause as
well from such States as New York and
California.
Mr. President, as far as Louisiana is
concerned, my mail runs 99-plus percent
in favor of the position I take, that we
should give those men in Vietnam all the
help they need, and that, having com-
mitted ourselves, we. should not renege
on those commitments. I say further,
Mr. President, that in Louisiana-and I
was there last weekend-and also in Ar-
kansas and Texas I have yet to find a
single person who expresses any dis-
agreement with the firmness that this
Nation proposes to show in resisting ag-
gression in southeast Asia.
Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. President, I con-
cur with the distinguished acting ma-
No. 31-18
RECORD - SENATE 3655
jority leader. I have prepared a short
statement, which I may as well present
to the Senate at this time.
Yesterday, we observed the birth an-
niversary of George Washington. He
was our first Commander in Chief. He
was made general and Commander in
Chief of the united Colonies on June
15, 1775.
In that capacity, he had his problems
with the Continental Congress in secur-
ing supplies, weapons, pay, and other
necessities for his army.
Those experiences were a factor in
making the President the Commander in
Chief when the Constitution was written.
Now, 191 years later, a similar prob-
lem confronts us.
The Commander in Chief, based on
estimates which have been prepared and
supported by our field commanders in
Vietnam, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the
National Security Council, and the
Budget Bureau has presented a request
for $4.8 billion for aircraft, missiles,
naval vessels, and other items.
The request has been carefully proc-
essed by the Armed Services Committee
and the Defense Department Appropri-
ations Subcommittee. They heard 11
witnesses. From 16 to 24 Senators were
present at all of those hearings.
The bill which the committee reported
is not a policy measure. It is a bill to
authorize funds for needed equipment
and research.
After it was reported to the Senate,
the Foreign Relations Committee began
hearings on another measure. It trig-
gered a broad discussion of our policy in
and toward Vietnam.
In and out of committee, on and off
the Senate floor, a diversity of views and
viewpoints have been freely expressed
to withdraw, to pause longer, to escalate,
to de-escalate, to limit the struggle.
And all this time, the request for
weapons and equipment languishes.
Virtually no speeches have been directed
to the measure before us.
There have been allegations and ful-
minations that "we are spread danger-
ously thin" and that "shortages appear"
but the request of the Commander in
Chief for authority and funds to pro-
cure weapons and supplies reposes in the
Senate without action.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
pore. The time of the Senators from
Illinois has expired.
Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent to proceed for 3 ad-
ditional minutes.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
pore. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Until this authorization is approved,
no money can be appropriated. If the
Commander in Chief because of urgent
necessity should obligate funds without
this authority, the Congress would be the
first to castigate him.
The time for more talk on this pending
measure is past. The time for action is
here and now.
The well-being of more than 200,000
American troops, 12,000 miles from home,
is involved.
The continued and successful prosecu-
tion of the present struggle is at stake.
To delay further action on the pending
request means that Congress must
accept responsibility for failure to act.
It has been said that in the 10-year
struggle of the French with the Viet-
minh, that the war was lost not at Dien-
bienphu but in Paris. I trust it may
never be recorded that if we fail in our
objectives, that the failure occurred not
at Danang, or in the highlands of Viet-
nam, but in Washington.
To seek cloture on a measure involv-
ing our national security, our pledges to
Vietnam, and our obligations under the
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
would be absolutely incredible. The im-
pact of such action on troop morale
could scarcely be measured. Its impact
on world reaction could scarcely be
evaluated.
The time has come to close the debate
and act. I believe I speak for the vast
majority of the Republican minority
when I say we are ready to act now and
approve the request which is before us.
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I am very
glad that the Senator from Illinois read
the statement which he read a few
minutes ago with regard to the situation
which confronts the Senate in regard to
the pending business. Many of us do
not agree with the conclusion he has
reached that there is no basic policy
question involved in the pending bill.
That is where we find an honest differ-
ence of opinion among Senators, because
some of us think the pending bill does
involve a basic policy question. It in-
volves the foreign policy vis-a-vis the
United States and Asia. That is the
policy issue involved in the pending bill.
I say it should be discussed in some
detail in the discussion of the bill.
I simply wanted to file this caveat of
disagreement with what the Senator
from Illinois had to say, to at least show
the public that there is a difference of
opinion with regard to the policy and
that it is involved in the pending bill.
In view of even what the Secretary of
Defense has said, I will show in remarks
on the floor that we are drawing close
to a potential escalation of the war which
will result in the killing of thousands of
American boys whose lives should not be
sacrificed. The bill involves the deci-
sion of the President of the United States
to escalate the war. We think it involves
a policy question and we think we ought
to discuss that policy question in this
authorization bill.
I do not question the sincerity of the
Senator from Illinois [Mr. DIRKSEN], or
the Senator from Georgia [Mr. RussELLI,
or the Senator from Massachusetts [Mr.
SALTONSTALL], who have already said
they do not see a policy question in-
volved. It comes to a question of a time
limit. I have already announced, and I
now announce, that if we devote our-
selves to a discussion of the bill on the
floor, and if we do nothing but discuss
the bill, we will get to a vote by the end
of the week.
The Senator from Illinois calls the at-
tention of the public to the allegation
that any prolonged discussion of the bill
somehow, in some way, is letting down
the boys in this area. We do not accept
that. We think, because of the policy is-
sue involved, this issue should be deter-
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE February 23, 1966
mined in order to seek to protect the
boys in southeast Asia, because some of
as believe that if we follow the policy
which can be followed under the bill we
pare going to sacrifice unjustifiably many
boys who ought, to be saved. That in-
volves a policy question.
So far as the time element; is con-
cerned, there is already delivered mate-
vi.al of war to the boys in southeast Asia
that cannot even get unloaded and we
cannot get the ships in now.
is have not heard a scintilla of evi-
dence that there is being denied to our
boys over there anything in the way they
need. for the conduct of the war on its
present scale. if that were the case, we
would be unanimous in wanting to take
whatever steps were necessary to see that
they will get whatever materiel, to the
maximum extent necessary, for their
protection.
I do rot think there is any basis for
creating the fe.r in this country that a
discussion of basic foreign policy in the
'.=cnatc for a week is going to jeopardize
our boys in that area. If that were the
ease., we would wonder why those boys
had not been given that protection long
before this.
My judgment is that if we discuss this
bill, with our differences of opinion, and
have a full discussion, we will get to a
vote on it by the end of the week. My
friend, the Senator from Illinois, said he
thought cloture would be a mistake be-
cause of the effect it would have not only
on our American boys overseas, but on
others as well.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
'i';7niN(-.s in the chair). The time of the
Senator has expired.
Mr. MORSE. I ask unanimous con-
s;ent to have 2 additional minutes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. MORSE. He is quite right when
he says that we ought to get to the issues
in the pending bill and vote on it. I be-
lieve we ought to do it. I believe we can
do it if we discuss this bill fully. I think
we could get to a vote by the end of the
week.
Mr. S'I'ENNIS. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield for a question?
Mr. MORSE. I yield.
Mr. S T ENNIS. First, I want to com-
mend the Senator when he says that
after reasonable debate we should be able
to vote sometime this week. His attitude
is encouraging.
Second, he said he has no evidence that
our boys over there are in actual need.
E'ortunately, they are getting material
there for their needs, but if there is much
more of a delay, there is going to be a
critical need for some items.
Mr. MORSE. Of course, I do not
think we should continue the present
policy. There is a great difference be-
tween the question of supplying our boys
and the question of whether we should
continue the present policy. It is the
policy we are discussing. As I am going
to urge in my remarks, if we continue
this policy, we are headed for an esca-
lated war that will end up in a war with
China.
NIr. ' JAVITS i. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that the time for this
discussion. be extended 1 additional
minute.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. JAVITS. :I do not think there is
division of opinion on supplying what
the boys need, as the Senator from Ore-
gon has said, but there is a need for
debate on the President's policy. There-
fore, when I make my address, I shall
discuss the policy. I think the debate
oir the question of policy is good for the
country.
1 hope that we do see it through,.
There is nothing to stop the Senate from
having night sessions.
I have a speech to make. It will not
take more than 35 or 40 minutes. I un-
derstand that others wish to speak also.
Let us give everybody an opportunity to
speak and still vote on Friday.
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield?
Mr. JAVITS. I yield.
Mr. MORSE. I completely agree with
the senior. Senator from New York that
this is the issue before us.
a believe there is a policy issue here as
to whether or not there is going to be
a reassessment of the position of August;
19154. I believe that a vote on this meas-
ure does exactly that.
That is why I am going to give the
Senate all opportunity to vote on the
resolution of August 1964.
Do not forget that it provides a re scis-
sion clause. I believe the time has come
to place restrictions on the President
and not give him carte blanche authority
that the resolution of 1964 gave himr.
T refuse to believe there have only been
two of us who would have voted against
it in August 1964. There are other Sen-
ators who believe as Senator GeuENnvc
and I believe and. continue to believe.
At that time we had 20,000 soldiers
there. There are 200,000 men there now.
The figure could go to 400.000, 600,000,
or 800,000. If we get into a war with
China, it, may go to 3 million in 36
months after theftwar breaks out.
T think the time has come to place a
restriction on the Commander in Chief
and not give him carte blanche author-
ity. I am going to offer that as. an
amendment to this bill.
Mr. SY:MINGTON. Mr. P:i'esident. may
I ask a question?
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President. I would
like to finish this and then yield to the
Senator.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
Tvnrnos in the chair). The Senator is
recognized for 1 additional minute.
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, I believe
the President got a power of attorney
limited by the situation which we have
S:rere, notwithstanding his words. I
believe this vote approves h~s policy to
the date covered by the appropriation,
which covers 400,000 personnel.
Therefore, I and others will reserve
the right to vote against the appropria-
tion if the President is unwise enough
in persisting in not joining with us in
connection with the resolution of
August 1964.
I agree with the Senator that there is
a replacement clause. I shall vote no,
but I reserve the right to vote yes
tomorrow if the President persists in
not joining us in this decision.
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I wish to
say to the Senator from New York, the
former attorney general of his State
whose legal advice I follow frequently-
but not on this occasion-a power of
attorney can be given, but one can sub-
sequently fire the attorney.
Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. President, I
rise in the Chamber at the end of this
discussion.
In answer to a direct question as to
whether or not this money was needed
promptly and whether this bill should
be passed promptly to help our military
effort in Vietnam, the director of the
AID program, Mr. Bell, said, in his opin-
ion, it should be passed, the sooner the
better.
Inasmuch as this is a supplement; to
the 1966 appropriation, and in the in-
terests of the men who are now fighting
on the front in South Vietnam, I hope
the Senate will pass this bill.
Mr. STENNIS. Mr. President, quite
briefly on this subject, and as one who
handled the appropriation bill last year,
and urged that more money be put in at
the time for the war in Vietnam, I can
state as a fact, knowing the background
of these needs, that this money is needed
now; that the critical date is fast ap-
proaching when failure of it will cause
actual delay in providing the hardware
of fighting a war, including helicopters,
2.45 rockets, and items of that kind.
There is no question about the critical
timing, and it is necessary to pass His
bill as soon as we can.
I commend the Senator from Oregon
for his willingness to dispose of it with
dispatch this week.
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, in the
presence of the acting majority leader
and the Democratic whip-and I have
postponed making this request until lie
was in the Chamber-I ask uanirnous
consent that certain communications,
editorials, and newspaper stories dealing
with my position in regard to the war in
Asia be printed in the RECORD.
Mr. LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Presi-
dent, reserving the right to object-and
I hope that it will not be necessary to ob-
ject-I note that the Senator has, from
time to time, placed in the REcora in
support of his position great numbers of
communications. I understand that in
some instances it has taken up as much
as 40 pages of fine print in the RECORD.
Mr. President, let me say, as a Sena-
tor from Louisiana, that I would imagine
the majority of those communications-
perhaps all of them-support the posi-
tion of the Senator from Oregon, a posi-
tion which is contrary to the one this
Nation is taking today on the subject of
the war in Vietnam.
I do not wish the RECORD to give the
impression that the people of this Na-
tion are not behind their President. are
not behind their Government, or that
they are not in support of our young men
fighting in Vietnam.
I, for example, have many thousands
of communications and letters support-
ing the position of President, the posi-
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
February 23, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
tion of the Government, and the position
I have taken in regard to this matter.
I do not object to the Senator's placing
certain selective matter in the RECORD
which supports his position. I would
hope that the Senator is not seeking to
place in the RECORD all correspondence
in support of his position, because it
would seem to me it would only be fair
for those of us who take the opposite
position in the matter to place an equal
amount of correspondence in the REC-
ORD. The question would then become
to what extent should we burden the
RECORD with more of the same.
In other words, there' is no doubt in
my mind that some of the letters I
receive-and some of these letters come
from the State of Oregon, and other
States-that there are people who sup-
port his position. There is also no doubt
whatever that many people do not.
Likewise, in the State of Louisiana, let
me say that the mail I receive is very
nearly unanimous. As of this date, it
might very well be unanimous in sup-
port of my position. I would hope that
we could work out some rules of proce-
dure by which we would be able to give
'both sides an equal opportunity to load
the RECORD with correspondence in sup-
port of both positions.
Let me ask the Senator from Oregon
whether this is all the mail he receives,
or only certain selected samples which
he believes most adequately support his
position?
Mr. MORSE. I will be glad to tell the
Senator, if he will allow me to respond.
Mr. President, since last Friday, my
office tells me that we have received over
15,000 pieces of mail. In fact, we have
a group of volunteers over there today
opening up the mail.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The time
of the Senator from Oregon has expired.
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent to proceed for 3 addi-
tional minutes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. MORSE'. Mr. President, the last
count shows well over 90 percent in sup-
port of my position. The reason I have
from time to time put communications,
pro and con, in the RECORD, is as follows:
There are those who seek to give the
impression that, the Senator from
Oregon is a lonely voice in the wilderness
in this country in connection with his
opposition to the war in South Vietnam.
I am satisfied that there are millions of
Americans who share my point of view,
and they are going to be heard from in
increasing numbers in the months ahead.
Mr. President, look at what those of us
opposed to this war are up against. So
far as the media of information in this
country are concerned, the President has
only to raise a little finger and he is on
television for as long as he wishes to be.
The top officials of the Government have
only to let it be known that they wish to
make a statement, and the statement is
reproduced throughout the press of the
country.
Now, Mr. President, it takes a great
deal of immodesty-and I plead guilty;
it takes a lot of nerve-and I plead
guilty; in fact, some would say a lot of
brass to walk onto the floor of the Senate
and ask unanimous consent to have these
communications placed in the RECORD.
But, I owe a great deal to those citizens
who have sent them to me.
Mr. President, there are forces in this
country who feel they are not being
heard, that they are not being given an
opportunity to present their points of
view. I am even having difficulty in the
Committee on Foreign Relations, thus
far, getting certain witnesses that I be-
lieve should come forward in a public
hearing to testify on the basic policy
questions involved. For, whether we
know it or not, we have come to a
crossroads in American history. Mr.
President, if you and I could come back
to the world 35 or 50 years from today,
we would then be reading about the his-
toric debates of these days in the Senate.
But none of us can even guess or
prophesy in what direction this great
Republic is going to go.
It is for each Senator, in my judgment,
to exercise his own judgment as to how
best to represent the people of his
sovereign State. It happens to be my
judgment that I owe it to the many peo-
ple who have communicated with me-
and I do not begin to place all their com-
munications in the RECORD, but I wish
my friend from Louisiana to know that
I believe it is a fair sampling-that I
want those who are protesting to have
an opportunity, through this medium, to
be heard throughout the country.
The Senator from Louisiana knows
that there are a variety of parliamentary
ways in which we can get the same ma-
terial into the RECORD. I think, how-
ever, that in the interests of time we
should insert this material in the RECORD,
and let the Senator who inserts it assume
the responsibility for inserting it. I want
the Senator to know that I have been
very careful, that I have given the
strictest of instructions to my staff that
no communication shall be placed in the
RECORD which in any way would reflect
on anyone or violate any of the rules of
the Senate. -
As part of this historic debate, there
should be placed in the RECORD the ma-
terial that I ask to be inserted. It is up
to the Senator from Louisiana and every
other Senator to decide what they wish or
do not wish to insert in the RECORD. The
Senator from Louisiana is within his
parliamentary rights to object. But,
Mr. President, if I cannot get these com-
munications inserted, I shall get them
into the RECORD by reading them.
Mr. LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Presi-
dent, I do not propose to deny the Sena-
tor his right to put this information in
the RECORD. I merely say that I have
never known any time in the history of
this great country, in my study of his-
tory, when American boys who are fight-
ing in a battle in support of the Nation's
position, both in terms of its solemn
treaty commitments and an act of Con-
gress authorizing that our troops be sent
there, when a Senator has so much seized
upon the opportunity-particularly to
fill the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, or to seek
to appear before the American people
and urge that this Nation was going to
lose in its courage, its determination to
see through an international commit-
ment which it has made. I am not going
to object to putting this matter in the
RECORD. I merely say, that to the Sena-
tor from Louisiana, the impression would
be given that these communications
speak for a majority of the American
people. They do not speak for 1 per-
cent of the people of Louisiana. They do
not speak for 1 percent of the people of
Texas, to the best of my knowledge, and
I doubt that they speak for a substantial
percentage of the people of any State
which touches the great State of Lou-
isiana, which I have the honor to repre-
sent in the Senate.
It does seem fair to me that if there
are going to be a great number of com-
munications placed into the RECORD by
any one Senator, every Senator should
have the same opportunity, and I have
some doubts as to the great burden that
will be imposed on the printer.
If each of us has 15,000 letters, we
might be asked why we did not print the
rest of them when we put some of them
into the RECORD.
I simply urge that we have some rule
of fairplay as to what extent we are
going to burden the RECORD.
I have many letters supporting this
Government that I would like to put into
the RECORD. I would like to have letters
from Americans whom I regard as pa-
triots put in the RECORD, because I sus-
pect that many of thosl letters that are
printed may not be exactly loyal Amer-
icans.
I know there are some heart-touching
letters I have received from American
citizens who realize this has been a great
sacrifice to them. Many of them have
paid a great price in the loss of loved
ones and personal sacrifices, but never-
theless they support the commitment of
the United States.
Mr. GRUENING. Mr. President, will
the Senator yield?
Mr. LONG of Louisiana. I yield.
Mr. GRUENING. I should like to say
to the Senator from Louisiana that
those of us who oppose what we consider
the great folly of preceding administra-
tions, particularly this one, in involving
ourselves militarily in Vietnam feel that
we should not be sending our boys to
fight and die in South Vietnam because
the defense of South Vietnam is not
essential to the defense of our Nation.
Nothing that happens in Vietnam affects
our national security. We invited our-
selves in. We are fighting there for peo-
ple who do not fight effectively for them-
selves. We have had very little support
from our allies, with whom we have
pleaded for it. The report of the hear-
ings released by the Armed Services
Committee on the pending authorization
bill, makes it apparent that we are going
it practically alone, except for a few
token contributions that we have had
to work hard to get and that came in
late.
Those of us who oppose this partici-
pation in an Asian civil war do not yield
to anyone in our patriotism. It is our
desire to see that we do not embark on
a course which cannot be successful, in
achieving the ends we allege we seek,
that is too costly in lives and treasure in
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
CONGRESS][ONAL RECORD - SENATE February 23, Y D ii 6
an area which I do not think is worth
the life of one American boy.
Mr. LONG of Louisiana. We are there
because of a commitment we had in the
protocol to the southeast Asia Defense
Treaty, which permitted us to resist ag-
iression in the very area of South
Vietnam.
I rather resent the Senator's saying
that the people of South Vietnam are
..lot willing to fitght for their country
against the threat of communism. Let
as understand this. There have been
,everal governments there. Some of
those governments were not as popular
as some of us would like them to have
been, but not one of them has been as
unpopular as is communism.
More than 1 million people left North
Vietnam with nothing more than they
could carry with them, after having
worked a lifetime to accumulate certain
property and goods, in order to go to
South Vietnam to try to escape com-
munism, not knowing what kind of gov-
ermnent they were going to have in
South Vietnam.
When they did get there, they did all
they could to uphold an anti-Communist
government to try to save themselves
from communism. Little mayors, little
aldermen, little chiefs of communities
have been slaughtered by the Commu-
nists. Nevertheless, they continue to op-
pose communism-50,000 people have
been killed by the Communists because
they did not want to live under com-
munism and support communism; 45,000
men of the South Vietnamese Army have
.made the supreme sacrifice in fighting
on the field of battle, not counting the
hundreds of thousands of those who have
been injured lighting for their country.
If one considers the sacrifice these peo-
ple have made in fighting not to be under
the Communists, as General 'T'aylor has
said, to compare the number to this
country, we would have to multiply that
number by 20. if we compared those
sacrifices to the population of the United
States, it would amount to 1,800,000 peo-
ple in this country-mayors. and other
little town leaders, who would have had
their heads chopped off. The South
Vietnamese continue valiantly. There
are 20 South Vietnamese units compared
to 5 American units on the field of battle
today. So those South Vietnamese are
fighting bravely.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
time of the Senator has expired.
Mr. LONG of Louisiana. I ask unani-
mous consent that I may have 3 addi-
tional minutes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. With-
out objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. LONG of Louisiana. We did not
decide to send troops into South Vietnam
until North Vietnam did. South Viet-
nam made it c`-ear that its people did not
want to be overwhelmed by aggression
from the Communists. We saw that they
were going to need help. So when the
Government of North Vietnam marched
its troops in tl...ere, we sent our troops in,
in accordance with our treaty commit-
ment. People should look long and hard
at the fact that we are living up to our
commitment.
South Vietnam Is a nation which has
paid much to stand up against commu-
nism, and yet we hear on the floor of
the Senate that the people of South
Vietnam are not fighting. The South
Vietnamese have paid a greater price in
relative terms that this country has ever
paid in any war it has engaged in.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is t.!,ere
objection to the request of the Senator
from Oregon that certain matters be
printed in the RECORD?
There being no objection, the material
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
.Los ANGELES, CALIF.,
Febr2ary_22, 1936,
S~nator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Support your stand in the Vietnam war.
Americans should have more represent:stion
like yours.
LA JOLLI,, CALIF.,
February 22, 1!666.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Your views make sense to us on Vieinam.
Please continue.
LT. and Mrs. ROBERT MISHE: LL.
SACRAMENTO, CALIF.,
February 22, 1:366.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
In full support and appreciation for your
courageous leadership on Vietnam issue.
ROBERT and MARGARET C S .
Los ANGELEi,. CALIF.,
February 22, 1x66.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Of
ffice Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Thank you for your courageous stand re-
garding Viietnarn. Your publicizing the issue
urgently needed.
NEW ROCHELLE, N.Y.,
February 22, V, 66.
Senator WAYNI. MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Continue open debate. No support for
Vietnam war. Admire your courage.
Mrs. RUTH SCHWARTZ.
Los, ANGELES, CALIF.,
February 22, 1:166.
Glen ator WAYNE, MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
The 60 members of our Democratic Club
and the great majority of mothers at our
ilarsery school are solidly behind you We
are for cessation of bombing, recognition of
NLP, no further escalation. We are ab-
solutely against blank check appropriation
for war. We think recent CDC resolutiin on
Vietnam very significant of public feeling.
Many middle-of-road Democrats locally go
along with this position. Thank yo].I. and
good luck.
Mrs. STEPHANIE FI:DERAMN.
President, Los Feliz Silverlake Dc?n.o-
cratic Club.
PALO ALTO, CALIF.,
February 22, 1366.
Senator WAYNI,: MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
I urge you to do your utmost to step the
useless slaughter of Vietnamese and Ameri-
can men.
NEW ROCHELLE, N.Y.,
February 22, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Thank you for open hearings. We must
oppose increased appropriation and insist on
negotiations.
Mr. and Mrs. HAROLD L. I'osN ER.
NEw Yonic, N.Y.,
February 22, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Thank you for your courage. Please con-
tinue.
MORTON KLEINMAN, M.D.
SAUSALITO, CALIF.,
February 2.1, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations.
GERTRUDE and ALEXANDER SAXTO N.
PTTTsnuRGII, PA.,
February 21, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
I share Vietnam views on full disclosure,
including Galbraith report.
JOHN H. Gooowor'TH.
GREENVILLE, CALIF.,
February 21, 1966.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Keep fighting in courage and patriotism.
You and GRUENING among the great of Amer-
ican history.
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
February 21, 1965.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Agree with you.
ROCHESTER, N.Y.,
February 21, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: Your courage and convic-
tions are admirable, realistic, and humane.
You, and the members of our Government
who oppose further expenditures for the
escalation of the Vietnam war are ne.tiier
puppets nor politicians, you are true states-
men. There are thousand like me, who :ire
backing you every inch of the way. Our
democracy and our culture belong to us, as
Americans. We cannot foist or project our
way of life to satisfy the few who may profit
from an empty victory, while sacrificing our
boys, and children and little babies of both
sides. Thank you for being concerned about
the dignity of man,
Very sincerely,
MOUNT DORA, FLA.,
February 21, 1966.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Now is the time for the free nations of the
world to actively demonstrate their true
desire for freedom. Now is the time for us
to reevaluate the extent of unity we may
anticipate from our foreign aid policies.
Every nation of the free world should be
represented with military aid in Vietnam.
This is a struggle of the free world over com-
munism and should be represented as such
thus eliminating the United States as prin-
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
February 23, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
cipal protector. Nations receiving our for-
eign aid should discontinue shipments to
nations jeopardizing the peace of the world.
Our minority population will not enable us
to stop communistic infiltrations and up-
risings throughout the world as a sole trustee
for peace. Now is the time for our people to
support and commend Senators FULBRIGHT
and MORSE for their valiant convictions in
our behalf as well as union leaders' recom-
mendation curtailing shipments to North
Vietnam.
. ALFRED P. BERRY.
OLYMPIA, -WASH.,
Senator WAYNE MORSE, February 21, 1966.
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We heartily endorse your views on Vietnam
and foreign policy, also your courage and
loyalty.
Mr. and Mrs. H. W. MCCLEARY.
HOD. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We commend your stand opposing Vietnam
war.
Mr. and Mrs. DAN RICH.
DENVER, COLO.,
February 21, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Building, -
Washington, D.C.:
We applaud your continued efforts for
peace in Vietnam, especially recommenda-
tion for Vietcong participation.
PEACE WORKERS.
KNOXVILLE, TENN.,
Senator WAYNE MORSE, February 21, 1966.
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.:
. God bless you for speaking up for all
Americans.
LORRAINE and BURT WOMACK.
CRYSTAL LAKE, ILL.,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Appreciate what you have done In inform-
ing oitizens of this Republic what is going
on in our Government. Our sincere grati-
ture. Keep up the good work.
GEORGE D. LYNCH.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Chamber,
Washington, D.C.:
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
February 21, 1966.
You are not alone. There are many of us
that support you. I spent 5 years in the
Pacific, so therefore I support you entirely.
NORMAN B. PRINCE.
MOUNT VERNON, N.Y.,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Keep up your courageous stand. You are
so right.
Dr. and Mrs. DONALD S. SEARLE.
KINGS POINT, N.Y.,
Senator WAYNE MonsE,
Senate Of ee Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Your courageous efforts on behalf of sanity
are truly remarkable. God give you the
Strength to continue.
Mr. and Mrs. EISNER.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
You were great at the Senate
Keep up your efforts.
Sincerely,
.., revraary LV, 2y66.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C..-
Finally your voice is being heard. Please
continue your courageous effort
't
s
o bring
hearings. about a negotiated peace in Vietnam.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Keep up your good fight. Since we don't
care to wage a sincere war, we should stop
this faucet dripping blood. The draft should
be replaced by an American system of well-
paid and honored volunteers.
Mrs. PAUL HARVEY.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We fully support your views on our in-
voivement in Vietnam and would wish that
more Members of Congress had your under-
standing of the situation.
GEORGE and AGUSTA LIPPMANN.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
MIAMI, FLA.,
February 20, 1966.
Please continue your gifted effort to pub-
licize the truth about Vietnam.
WILLIAM B. NALL and CHARLOTTE NALL.
DETROIT, MICH.,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
We feel that you represent the very best in
American politics. We urge you to continue
your courageous efforts to bring the truth
to the American people.
Your longtime admirers,
PAT RYAN.
HELENE MROKOWSKI.
MARY LOU LANGAN.
JACK ZOBEL.
PETER ZOBEL.
JUDY SMALE.
Washington, D.C.:
Fully support your position on Vietnam
and hope you escalate your efforts informing
the public.
LEONARD and BARBARA FASS.
DETROIT, MICH., February 20, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Support KENNEDY'S Proposal. - Negotiate
with Vietcong. We applaud your efforts to
stop Viet war,
Mrs. E. KALISII.
BUFFALO, N.Y., February 20, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington,,. D.C.:
You and Senator FULBRIGHT are to be
congratulated for your insight and patriotic
work. Please accept my profound respect
for your stand.
R. C. TRAVIS.
LAKEWOOD, N.J., February 20, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Support your stand on Vietnam. Urge
you to continue to fight for curtailment of
U.S. involvement.
JEROME and BEATRICE SCHURGIN.
DAVID HUNTER.
REDONDO BEACH, CALIF.,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Building,
Washington, D.C.:
No nation has the right to intervene in
the internal affairs of any other nation with
the whole world apprehensive of our con-
duct. Let us pray that the other side does
not have another reckless man. Stand your
ground, Senator.
FRANK MORRIS.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office, Building,
Washington, D.C.:
MASPETH, N.Y.,
February 20, 1966.
We support your stand on the Vietnam
policies for a peaceful solution.
ROSARIO LAVEIDI.
LITTLE NECK, N.Y.,
Senator WAYNE MORSE, February 20, 1966.
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Full support for your stand on Vietnam.
Please continue to speak for those who are
opposed to our involvement in Vietnam.
LESTER RHOADS.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We of the Long Island committee to end
the Vietnam war gratefully applaud now as
always your forthright stand against Amer-
ican Vietnam policy. We feel there is suffi-
cient ferment in Congress for many Senators
to express their concern in a concrete way.
Therefore, we hope your amendment, even
though fully justified, will not be worded
so strongly as to scare off the votes of FuL-
BRIGHT, KENNEDY, CLARK, etc., in which case,
Johnson would announce another mandate
in his favor. We suggest wording which is
palatable to enough Senators so that John-
son will have no victory in Congress.
Yours with deep respect,
DAVID BLUM.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Strongly approve your Vietnam investiga-
tion. Wish you were my Senator.
JIM KINNEY.
MARINETTE, WIS.,966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE, February 19, 1
Senate Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Thank you very much for your stand on
the Vietnam question.
Sincerely,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
I want to thank you because you told the
truth. And I will not let my boy fight Viet-
namese. Let them fight their own war.
Mrs. DOROTHY LOVINGS.
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SE HATE February 2v, _19,6!)'
I:V i:w HAVEN, CONN.,
February 20, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
,,hate office Build,in.g,
itlasti.ington, D.C.:
War obsolete. We also, unless Vietnam
oar stopped. Fight against ignorance ad-
ssirable. keep pressure on.
Deals W. and ERIC G. CIIANNON.
TLevITTOWN, PA.,
February 19, 1966.
ator WAYNE M( sas,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.: ood work.
Congratulations. Keep up the g
C. EELMAN.
RANCIZSCO, CALi1'.,
February 19, 1966.
'eater WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
1Sooray for guts, decency, ratiosiclity. Up
peace, down war for peoples of world. Hoe-
i':+y, MORSE.
BEATRICE FOGIN.
I`'RANCISCO, CALIF.,
February 19. 1966.
Tlator WAYNE MORSE,
W;_r;;li.ington, D.C.:
Ain firm admirer your dignified approach
in persuading p epie to goodness, reason,
tolerance, debate.
GERALD PAUL.
l oS ANGELES, CALIF.,
February 19, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
:;rn.ate Chambers.
Washington, D.C.:
Splendid work. Please continue to oppose
war in Vietnam. All want peace.
l+:T,AINE M. `,ULLIGER.
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
February 19, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate I71:rvcsligating Committee on
Vietnam, We.srrington, D.C.:
Ile assured that the great majority of
Americans are behind you. True patriotism
as you know is humanity, strength, and
-sanity.
SARAH BROWN.
NEW HAVEN, CONN.,
February 19, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
W!r')Iington, D.C.:
Wholeheartedly and warmly support your
position that we have been misguided by the
administration in the conduct of Vietnamese
war. Please continue vital hearings until
the balance of the Senate awakens to their
1'. IT. POLLACK.
1,0-; ANGELES, CALIF.,
February 19, 1966.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF..
February 20, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE.
Senate, Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
A copy of following telegram sent to Pre 91-
dent Johnson. Rusk's statement that we
mu1,^: teach Communists that they cannot
win in Vietnam is reminiscent of nothing so
much as the Nazis on the occasion of inv:-.d-
ing Poland. In the name 01 this cOUi s'y
and it democratic foreign policy, stop it.
JA\4ES a11d KATHERINE C.IALI.AGHE'
NEW YonK, N.Y.,
February 20, 196 .
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
senate Office Building,
Washington., D.C.:
Your courage, honesty, and consistent ef-
fort to end the immoral and inhumane var
in Vietnam gives us some hope. We agr;'c a
vote should. be taken, but there must be in-
sistence that our Congressmen truly re >re-
cent the people's will for peace.
RUTI.-i SI ALL IT and EVELYN IIYMA.'J.
CRYSTAL LAKE, ILL.,
February 21, 19f:'6,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate 0lfice Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Appreciate what you have done in ini, rm-
ing citizens of this Republic what is i,r ling
on in our Government. Our sincere i; rati-
itale. Keep up the good work.
E'. G-. HARV rS.
Ai;BANY, CALIF.,
February 20, 1946.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
'We appreciate your long fight to end
American invclVernent in Vietnam. Don't
geet discouraged.
Mr. and Mrs. F. H. HUGOS.S.
PHILADELPHIA, PENN.,
February 19, 1-66.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D'.C.:
Applaud your position at bearings.
JAMES MCBR1i,F:.
JACK DASCHI%.CII.
MILL VALLEY, CALIF..
February 19, 1966.
senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C..'
We support your Vietnam stand fora lneri-
can decency. Wish we could help more.
NATHAN AuLER.
PASADENA, CALIF.
February 19, (!)66.
lion. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We approve and support open lei er on
Vietnam New York Times of Sunda Feb-
,Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Once Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We agree with your position. This is a
cruel and senseless war. Keep lighting.
Gratefully,
l1''l1'. and Mrs. ALBERT AIZUSS,
(,'HInIIALIS, WASH.,
February 19, 1966.
Senator WAYNE: MORSE,
Senate Foreign Relations Committee,
W.^sihington, D.C.:
Heartily endorse your concern to prevent
escalation of Vietnam war. Extensive mili-
tary personnel increase and North Vietnam
bombing undoubtedly pressures China to-
ward aggressive defensive action. Escalation
will be disastrous.
Appreciatively,
W. CLYDE BEECHER.
ARTHUR H. VAIN, IAN.
AUDREY J. VAUG:[AN.
MIAMI BEACH, FLA
February 19.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington D.C.:
OAKLAND, CALIF..
February 19, 1966.
senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations Senator MORSE. Our fam-
ily is grateful to you. We fear the backward
element of the South, the Birchers and the
extreme right have taken over foreign policy
of our country. We suggest the character of
General Ky in all its monstrosity be given
publicity. Best wishes and thanks.
The KANE FAMILY.
MANHASSET, N.Y.,
February 19, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Regarding Vietnam this is the first time
you've been right and I approve.
P. DANA;:..
PALO ALTO, CALIF.,
February 19, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
We support your position on American
policy in Vietnam. Mr. Johnson's return to
the theory that any acts are justified if they
are anti- Communist is irresponsibility which
jeopardizes the entire world.
WILLIAM C. PAULSEN.
MARI G. PAULSEN.
DETROIT, MICR?
February 21, 1969.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
If we cannot investigate State and CAA,
we are going Fascist.
C. MACAR.
PORTLAND, OREG.,
February 20, 1911;.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
As an Oregon. resident of less than 2
months I am pleased and proud to Rod my-
self represented by you. As a Johnson sup-
porter in the last election I find myself in
full support of your position on Vietnam.
There are more people who support you and
your position than even you realize.
H. FREDERICK WESTON.
MONMOUTH. OREG.,
February 19, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations on magnificent fight in
Senate hearing on the war in Vietnam. The
statement that million more Americans will
support the President and Rusk is false. We
want our boys home with us; to be free of
the dreadful fear of nuclear warfare with any
nation.
Mr. and Mrs. EDWARD A. HEwT:'LL.
BAKERSFIELD, CALIF.,
February 19. 1966.
Senator MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
We are with you all the way. Billions of
people are counting on you to speak for us.
Sincerely,
M:r. and Mrs. THURSTON 1111NT.
MOUNT VERNON, N.Y.,
February 19, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
You are doing a remarkable job in the
hearings before Foreign Relations Committee.
You are speaking for our family and dozens
of others we have spoken with. You have
our unqualified support.
ARTHUR and BETTY FAST.
We wholeheartedly agree with your views
on the Vietnam war. Your gentlemanly but
firm debate with General Taylor was well
stated. Hope the leaders of our coun try will
heed your advice. Continued heal h and
good luck to you..
Sincerely,
Mr. and Mrs. HYMAN KIRSNEI
and Family.
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B0044,6R000400030003-2
February 23, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
PORTLAND, OREG.,
February 19,1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Sin: Your efforts to keep American
public informed on Vietnam war are sin-
cerely appreciated. Do not become discour-
aged. We support your action in the Senate
hearings.
Mrs. PAUL RAMONOWSKI,
Mrs. FRANK J. LATLER,
Mrs. B. E. HAFFNER,
C. J. STACEY,
DORIS CURTIS.
HUNTINGTON, N.Y.,
February 19, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We support your courageous, intelligent
Vietnam position and urge continued open
debate in the Senate.
Ruth Kelsey, Jean Levine, Maxine Roz,
Mafalda Yurkewicz, Philip Greene,
Judy Greene, Sally Lineweaver, John
R. Lineweaver, Elizabeth Barkell,
Richard Barkell, Stephanie Elind, John
Lowry, Muriel Kanter, James McKay,
B. J. Zukas, Sam R. Raskin, Mildred
Raskin, Blayne Seligman, Theodore
Salzman, Nanette Salzman, Adam
Raskin, Henry Lowry, Louis Kanter.
NEW Your, N.Y.,
February 18, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations, debate General Taylor.
Disaster if we do not pull out in time.
Thank you.
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
February 18,1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.:
I fully support your stand on Vietnam,
yours being one of the few voices of sanity
now heard in Washington.
PHILADELPHIA, PA.,
February 19, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.:
Keep up the good work.
PHILADELPHIA, PA.,
February 19, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.:
Keep up the good work.
VANNA VENTURI.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
NAVARRE, OHIO,
February 19, 1966.
Keep up the good work. America is behind
you. The next President of the United States
will be the man that brings our boys back
from this useless murdering in Vietnam.
DAVID COLUCY.
CORTLAND, N.Y.,
February 19, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Support your analysis and commend your
stand during the hearings.
WILLIAM AND JUDITH GRIFFEN.
WESTBURY, N.Y.,
February 20, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Please communicate to the President that
I share your wise sentiments concerning Viet
conflict.
Dr. and Mrs. JULIAN G. KIRCHICK.
ROSLYN HEIGHTS, N.Y.,
February 20, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulate you subject Vietnam. MORSE
will be included in future "profiles" in-
curred.
SAN PABLO, CALIF.,
February 20, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We agree 100 percent with your stand on
Vietnam.
Mr. and Mrs. DONALD KAY.
Senator MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations
peace. "
CULVER CITY, CALIF.,
February 20, 1966.
continued struggle world
JUNE HUGHES. -
FREEPORT, N.Y.,
February 20, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Foreign Relations Committee,
Washington, D.C.:
Your leadership in Opposition to current
policy in Vietnam is in the highest tradition
of our country's ideals.
Dr. and Mrs. CHARNEY and Family.
SAN PEDRO, CALIF.,
February 20, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Urge more public hearings exploration
constructive proposals from University In-
ternational Relation Centers and Ambas-
sador Goldberg.
RUTH MILLER THOMPSON.
RUTHERFORD, N.J.,
February 19, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Good show sir. Carry on for the sake of
the Nation.
MOUNT VERNON, N.Y.
February 19, 1966.
Han. Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Thank God for your courage and your de-
fense of decent principles and of America.
Bravo Senator MORSE.
NEW ORLEANS, LA.,
February 20, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Myself, my family, and a great many of my
friends are in complete sympathy with what
you are trying to do. You are saying what
definitely needs to be said.
GEORGE B. HOOVER.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
February 20, 1966.
Please continue your courageous_,flght
against administration policy in Vietnam.
JOSEPH and MARJORIE GROELL.
MOUNT VERNON, N.Y.,
February 20,1966.
Hon. Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Bravo, bravo, bravo, your stand On Amer-
icas Vietnam policy is the worlds last hope.
Gratefully,
SAN JOSE, CALIF.,
February 21, 1066.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We deplore Rusks cynical testimony on
Vietnam and support your opposition to the
war.
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
February 21, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
The Nations hove for peace lies in your
continued courageous quest for same Viet-
nam policy.
MARC KAMINSKY.
Miss RITA CAHN.
UTICA, N.Y.,
February 21, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Appreciate your concern, urge accepting
World Council of Churches 10-point program
for Vietnam peace ending wars brutality.
Dr. and Mrs. H. ROBERT GEMMER.
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.,
February 21, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Appreciate and support your position Viet-
nam.
Mr. and Mrs. E. C. LEWIS.
THOUSAND OAKS, CALIF.,
February 21, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
We agree stop killing Americans unconsti-
tutionally. Civil wars aren't within treaty
commitments. Negotiate don't escalate.
Mr. and Mrs. C. B. HENRICIISEN.
Los GATOS, CALIF.,
February 21, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington. D.C.:
I concur with your convictions regarding
the potential of the Vietnam situation.
Please persist in your efforts.
DONALD W. JOHNSON.
CHATSWORTH, CALIF.,
February 21, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.: .
Our hearts and hopes with you on Vietnam
issue. How can we support you?
Mr. and Mrs. ROLAND F. BRYAN.
NEW HYDE PARK, N.Y.,
February 21, 1966.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations on your position taken at
the recent Foreign Relations Committee
hearings. Hope it will help toward bring-
ing about successful negotiations and peace
in Vietnam. Wiring the President to give
full consideration to your suggestions.
ROBERT, KAREN, LAURIE, BETTY, and FRANK
PHILLIPS.
Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
 Approved For Release 2005/06/29 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000400030003-2
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE February 23, 1