1] HOW I GOT IN AND WHY I CAME OUTOF THE COLD:

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP70B00338R000300030001-1
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 16
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 1, 2005
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: April 1, 1967
• Content Type: MAGAZINE

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 [Page 10] Stokely Carmichael
[Page 29] Canada
Apologia:
RAMPARTS has won the George
Polk Memorial Award for ex-
cellence in journalism, an honor
shared this year with the essay depart.
meat of Time magazine. Any remarks
about strange bedfellows would be
fatuous, idle and undignified,
Our account last month of the CIA's
secret financing of the National Student
Association made the Washington press
corps eat foundations for Lent, Outside
the Internal Revenue Service headquar-
ters ace journalists waited impatiently
in line, two score deep, to get their cracks
at scouring tax records in search of still
another CIA conduit. RAMPARTS Con-
[Page 15] Three Tales
[Page 34] Conservation
suiting editor Paul Jacobs, who was
there, swears reporters were trading off
copies of foundation tax reports as if
they were bubble gum cards. That is
funny, but funnier still is the fact that
America is the only country where an
outmoded and incompetent intelligence
agency could become a national joke and
still retain its power,
In a continuing effort to bring the
CIA's operations under sonic effective
national control, and since we started the
whole thing anyway, we take a further
look at the CIA beginning on page 15.
Since we exposed the CIA, we have
received our share of hot story tips from
public-minded citizens. One gentleman,
a professor, phoned to tell us that Dis-
neyland is hollow underneath and right
VOLUME 5, NUMBER 10 APRIL 1967
MARGINALIA
LE ZERS
3
EtIAL: The New Innocence
4
Sacrr:TY: The Deer Party
5
Ay Paul Krassner
MEIn A: The Father of Advertising
5
by Dugald Sterner
OPNk $JN: The Plot Thickens
8
by "William Turner
ESSAYS
MY FATHER AND
STOKELY CARMICHAEL
10
by Eldridge Cleaver
SANCTUARY
by Donald Duncan
Am1RWA THE RAPED--PART 1
34
by Gene Marine
SPECIAL REPORTS
THREE TALES OF THE CIA 15
LITERATURE 46
BOOK REVIEWS
byNoarn Clornsky and
Peter Collier
SOREL'S BESTIARY: 47
The Giant Swallowtail
wingers haul people below it to do ter-
rible things, then hypnotize them and
send them home. Another lady said that
the Army was feeding LSD to the troops
in Vietnam so they would turn on at the
sight of bombs bursting and blood and
so forth.
The February issue, with Senator R.
Kennedy on the. cover, took a full five
weeks to reach subscribers through the
post. This is outrageous, even for the
U.S. system of mail. Remedies in such a
disaster are few. If we were willing to
give Postmaster General Larry O'Brien,
a Kennedy man, the benefit of the doubt,
we would say that it is President John-
son's fault. If we really wanted to cause
trouble, we would, of course, threaten
to nationalize the post office.-- W.H.
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it is clear that nothing less than full-scale
public investigations of the agencies must
be carried out if any future of national
probity and individual sacrosanctity is
to be preserved,
D. HOWARD ADY
(ex-Captain, British Intelligence Corps)
Los Angeles, California
Letters :
SUBVERSION
SIRS:
Recent disclosures by RAMPARTS
[March 1967] regarding. the CIA's pene-
tration and subversion of the NSA and
of other domestic and international stu-
dent bodies, viewed in conjunction with
mounting evidence of CIA manipulation
of the Peace Corps, the labor unions, in-
ternational aid programs, news and
information media, cultural missions,
academic circles, emigre groups, reli-
gious councils and scientific congresses,
will shock hitherto unsuspecting Amer-
icans into realizing that for totalitarian
amorality their own government is with-
out equal among nations.
What, however, has yet to be brought
home to the people of the United States
is the extent to which similar methods
are being employed to control thought,
subvert principle, and stifle dissent in
their own country, the "Land of the
Free." As the 1964-66 invasions-of-
privacy findings of the U.S. Senate judi-
ciary subcommittee chaired by Senator
Edward V. Long made clear, few indeed
are the areas of government, industry,
education and culture that are free of
some form of big brotherism. With
clandestine agencies like the CIA and the
FBI, it is standard practice to manufac-
ture false evidence, to build up incrim.
inating dossiers on individuals regarded
as a threat to the powers-that-be. Infor-
mation from such dossiers is passed
freely between the various agencies (even
being transmitted to corresponding agen-
cies in other countries to which the sub-
ject plans to travel), to be disclosed by
them in whatever quarters it is likely to
do most harm to the subject's reputation
and interests, and all this without the
victim being able to respond and clear
himself, for he can only guess at the iden-
tities of his detractors and the precise na-
ture of their machinations against him.
In the light of exposures of such prac-
tices on the part of the CIA and the FBI,
SIRS:
I have learned, with deep concern, of
the present crisis in the United States, in
which it has been revealed that the CIA
has been subsidizing the international
exchange programs of the NSA.
I take this opportunity to congratulate
RAMPARTS on the fundamental role it
played in uncovering this political scan-
dal. If your magazine continues such ex-
cellent work, true international exchanges,
unmotivated by Cold War interests, will
multiply and bring about the direct con-
tact between peoples, the only hope for
the future of universal brotherhood.
ANDRE SOCII
General Councillor of the Jura
Department and Mayor,
Champagnole, France
HOMOSEXUALITY
SIRS:
I am a homosexual myself, and conse-
quently I speak from an intimate knowl-
edge of the subje:t. Had Gene Marine
["Who's Afraid of Little Annie Fanny,"
February 1967] been more circumspect,
he would not have gone to every conceiv-
able length to fortify his he-manliness;
he would have suspected that by over-
emphasis of that point, he might well be
exposing that which he was trying to
conceal. Who started this denigration of
Woman? Did it not start back in the
Garden, in which the de-feminized male
when caught redhanded looked around
for sonic convenient alibi? And ever
since, every lying male-including your
Marine, has thought to pull the wool
over the All-Seeing "I."
Far from being women-haters, the
average homosexual is Woman's most
faithful ally-the unfortunate thing is
thatlboth of us should sacrifice our dig-
nity, (on the altar of his conceit. But all
thin::; having a purpose, perhaps that is
God"?s final effort to save the obstrep-
erous male from himself!
IMRRY GRAY
R'c: yal Oak, Michigan
SIRS:
Wrlhoever you are, Mr. Marine, I love
youi.`You have put down, in admirable
literairy style, my very feelings on the
subj?ct of homosexuality dominating the
so-cailled Arts-but more than that, you
have: given a tremendous boost to my
flagging spirits about being a WOMAN
and'azmot a nubile teeny-bopper or. a mini-
skirtc,,d high fashion colt.
Yi au've done more for me than six
montths on an analyst's couch in helping
me tto realize that the only similarity be-
tweeln the Playmate of the Month and
me ii-s that we are both creased in the
midtll'.e.
CONSTANCE LEVINE
Fairest Hills, New York
SIRS k:
Without challenging the general ac-
curarwy of Gene Marine's wisecrack
aboutt "Our Man Flint," I'd like to point
out. tthat there was never a mention of
"sur;gery" in the gag about converting
girlt. -into pleasure units. It was all pills
a.nd:ifiashing lights-early Leary is all.
As for Mr. Marine's reading of the
intent, I can see how he reached the con-
clusiaon, but a good look at the material
whi0h. was cut out of the final film might
have convinced him that our problems
were thespian, rather than lesbian.
S?"yUL DAVID
20th Century Fox Productions
Bicverly Hills, California
SIR5^:
Mr. Marine would not have had "a
goad time at Truman's party." It took
himfour pages to tell us that he wouldn't
kna,v how.
NsANCY GOETZ
Washington, D.C.
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11 How I got in
and why I came
of the Cold:
HEN IT WAS ANNOUNCED that a CIA re-
cruiter would visit the university campus
where I was studying, I decided to con-
tact him. I had previously served in a
military intelligence branch and had found a certain
challenge and spirit of adventure, even an intellectual
stimulation, in gathering and fitting together the pieces
that composed an intelligence picture. It was 1959,
before the thaw in the Cold War and the. start of the
hot little war in Vietnam. I was what might be called,
for the sake of political labeling, a liberal Democrat,
and I was convinced that a professional intelligence
apparatus was vital to the defense of a free society. I
envisioned the CIA as a tidy professional group mod-
eled after Britain's MI-5, and I pictured its role as
confined to a battle of wits with "the opposition."
The CIA recruiter was noncommittal. I knew my
background would interest him. But he merely jotted
down my vital statistics and vaguely remarked he
would "be in touch."
Months went by, and I had almost forgotten about
the CIA when I received a long distance call. "We're
really interested is you; can you come to Washington?"
This time the testing started in earnest. First a rigid
physical exam, then psychological tests. Finally I was
ushered into an office for a psychiatric interview, and
there sat the psychiatrist with his fly unzipped. I studi-
ously ignored the display, not wishing to embarass him,
but later learned that the little psychological shocker
was just one of many to test a man's personality.
The wind-up of this grueling session was a series of
interviews. It was evident by this time that they pretty
well knew what made me tick. I left, certain only that
all of me-my past, present and future--was now
securely and permanently filed with the CIA.
It was only a short time before I got the call: "We
can use you." I reported to a ramshackle World War
as told to the editors
Ut
II building in the Foggy Bottom section of Washing-
ton that the CIA had inhwrited as the postwar stepchild
of OSS. There were 60'V us in the training class. We
were called Junior Officeir Trainees, or JOTs; The CIA
refrains from calling its diirect employees "agents."
In background and appearance we were a fairly
heterogeneous lot. One #OT was a lanky professional
type; another a brawny former athlete; another a
rotund, jovial stereotyper, of the insurance salesman.
The largest group of us; seemed to be from the Ivy
League universities, with: 'a heavy representation from
West Coast institutions such as Stanford and UCLA,
and a fair-sized contingent from the Southern schools.
As for political outlook,. -ithe largest part of the group
was what I would term establishment liberal, although
there were a few jingoisits like the cocky, rather loud-
mouthed ex-Marine ands the tough, would-be Ken-
tucky colonel. There were no Negroes (a later class
did have one) and no Orlientals. There were no women
JOTs either, because the Agency was leery of investing
considerable time and tnmoney in marriage-prone fe-
males. However, it turnod out that there were several
husband-wife teams posited to small :remote stations,
in which case the wife was given a nominal JOT classi-
fication and trained to assist in routine clerical work.
I found that the bul`)k of my classmates had been
motivated to join the CLiA by extra-monetary considera-
tions-the standard pa-y was hardly a princely sum.
A JOT started at government pay level GS-7, at approxi-
mately $7500 a year,.:Tlh.ough a JOT with a PhD was
.usually afforded a GS-9$. By comparison, and it was a
source of some disgrunrfiement, FBI agents, who didn't
have to risk their necksutside the U.S. started at GS-10.
But the CIA quite logiLadly feels that if one is in strictly
for mercenary reasons, Ihe is susceptible to being bought
off by "the opposition:' Melodramatic as it may seem,
I would say that the vast majority of our class had
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9
 been attracted by the romance, real or imagined., that
they associated with the espionage trade.
IRST ON TIIE TRAINING AGENDA was a two-day
indoctrination. There were pep talks on the
history of the CIA and the indispensible role it
was playing in fighting communism and pre-
serving the American way of life. The pitch was subtle;
these were- not brass-band superpatriots, but intelligent
men. Espionage is a dirty game, we were told, but the
ruthless and unscrupulous tactics of "the opposition"
left.us no alternative but to fight fire with fire.
We were shown Agency-produced films depicting
the CIA in action, films which displayed a kind of
Hollywood flair for the dramatic that is not uncom-
mon inside the Agency. A colleague who went through
a 1963 training class told of a film on the U-2 episode.
In his comments prefatory to the film, his instructor
intimated that President Eisenhower "blew his cool"
when he did not continue to deny that the U-2 was a
CIA aircraft. But no matter, said the instructor, the
U-2 was in sum an Agency triumph, for the planes had
been overflying Soviet territory for. at least five years.
During this time the Soviet leaders had fumed in frus-
tration, unable to bring down a U-2 on the one hand,
and reluctant to let the world know of their inability,
on the other. The photography contained in the film
confirmed that the "flying cameras" had accomplished
a remarkable job of reconnaissance. When the film
ended and the lights came on, the instructor gestured
toward the back of the room and announced: "Gentle-
men, the hero of our film." There stood Francis Gary
Powers. The trainees rose and applauded.
The training lectures and films gave analyses of do-
mestic and international communism, The Communist
Party, USA, was described as something of a toothless
tiger, defanged by FBI counterintelligence. But interna-
tional communism was touted as a formidable global
threat. It soon became evident that in the CIA idiom,
the term "anti-communism" was a recurring shibboleth,
and I became aware that the Agency's covert support
of political factions around the world was predicated
on how "anti-communist" those factions were. It was
not until much later that I realized that many of the
factions favored by the CIA were equally, if not more,
totalitarian than their communist opposition.
During the lectures, the jealousies that exist be-
tween the various "spook" agencies forming the in-
telligence community began to surface. I recall one
instructor boasting that the CIA never had a defector,
while the National Security Agency was as "leaky as
an old tub." Notvr. was there any love lost between the
CIA and the. FBI:, an alienation that had historical roots.
When OSS was dIi banded after World War II, J. Edgar
Hoover pushed. tto take over its overseas intelligence
functions but was: rcbuffed by President Truman, who
was chary of conecentrating too much power in one pair
of hands. When 'f ruman created the CIA as a surrogate,
Hoover never forgot it, and he seemed to delight in
letting the Agency know he knew of its missteps.
The urgency of f being security-conscious at all times
was constantly ditummed into us. We were instructed
that if another JC3)T ever became ill or was injured in
our presence, w e ~ lwere not to leave him alone, on the.
theory that in a se:kmi-conscious condition he might un-
wittingly betray sercret information. We were also told
not to detail ourr lbackgrounds to our fellow trainees.
This set the stage for a little security game. One by
one we were takes ii aside and confidentially assigned
another trainee fiomy whom we were to try to casually
elicit as much background information as possible.
Not only did the ex ,excise demonstrate how much data
could be gleaned .from a person without his knowing it,
but it detected several trainees who were prone to
babble about their:- past in disregard of instructions.
Security precautiions taken by the Agency were ex-
treme. Even inside the closely guarded premises, type-
writer ribbons had' to be removed from the machines
at the close of but,,iness and locked up in safes. For
highly secret conversations within the Agency we were
not to use the oixdinary intra-building phones, but a
special "red line"' ,whose security was repeatedly being
checked. And we; knew that at any time, in training
or in the field, Give might be picked at random for
a polygraph test: to insure that we had not become
a security risk in, tthe interim.
Despite this olhsession with a security rubric, the
CIA was in some, ways vulnerable. For one thing, the
Agency encouraged bachelors to share apartments, and
married couples: tnded to cluster together in the same
apartments or lisousing developments; it didn't take
long for neighboits familiar with the Washington scene
to sense a "spoor,." Although most of our social life
was spent with, (other Agency people, we did go to
"outside" cocktail! parties and social affairs, and when
the inevitable gl7nstion "What do you do?" arose, we
would mumble ssoinething about being an "evaluator
with DOD" (Department of Defense), then wait for
the cynical smil a. Some sporting types co-inhabited
with girls, usual y Agency girls, but nonetheless, . they
were leaving themselves open to compromise and pos-
sible breaches of security.
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the phase called Tradecraft, in which we
learned the actual methods and techniques
of a spy. Since we were to leave Washinb
ton, we were to tell anyone who asked that we were
on a volunteer DOD mission of "program evaluation."
The Agency became "the company," a euphemism
commonly used by CIA officers. We flew in a plane
belonging to one of the CIA's private airlines to a base
several hundred miles away.
The Tradecraft course included how to recruit agents,
file reports and conduct physical surveillances. Experts
in invisible inks and writing, bugging and wiretapping,
lockpicking, photography, microfilming and microdots,
and other espionage crafts flew from Washington to
teach us the rudiments. We weren't expected to acquire
expertise ourselves-we could always request "the
company" to send out a safecracker or forger. But we
were expected to develop some proficiency in case
of emergency.
We were flown to New York City and practiced
tapping and bugging each other's hotel rooms. The
extent of the CIA's electronic eavesdropping, inciden-
tally, is anybody's guess. The Agency has sophisticated
devices that can be attached to telephone trunk lines
and automatically record conversations. The FBI has a
measure of accountability for its eavesdropping, but the
CIA could be spending millions of dollars a year on the
practice, and no one would be the wiser.
We drilled in radio communication and dead drops
(special places to leave messages for agents). We ran
through practical problems: for one, the proper ap-
proach to a Communist Party member who was thought
to be ripe for defection. We staged exercises similar to
war games in which we were CIA agents in an enemy
country. We would hang around outside a naval yard,
for example, quizzing workers to see how much "intel"
about the yard and the ships we could obtain. We had
to take surreptitious photographs, from less than five
feet, of a policeman, a store detective and others. In
case we were picked up by. the police, the FBI or ship-
yard security people, we were instructed to try to talk
our way out. Failing that, we were given a special
Washington number to call, but to call it obviously
meant we had failed as potential spies.
It soon became apparent that our instructors were
sizing up our suitability even during off-duty hours. In
one gambit they would join us at the base bar and
keep rounds of drinks coming to test our alcohol toler-
ance. A couple of trainees who became tipsy after a few
drinks were quietly phased out of the program. But the
bar was also a prime source: f information. I discovered
from other base pcrsonnel,',r.over a few friendly drinks,
that groups of Cubans were:ssecretly being trained in an
isolated part of the base. I'l:presume these Cubans later
went ashore at the Bay.of'ivligs.
The Bay of Pigs, incidenttally, was a terrible blow to
CIA morale, After the debaetle, the word spread through
the company grapevine (Il. ;assume it represented the
thinking at the top, since ifv,was repeated by fairly high
officials) that the operatio.ra had failed because "Ken-
nedy lost his nerve" and rerreged on a commitment to
provide air cover for the mounding force. At the time of
the invasion, Castro had onily a few obsolete Liberators,
Mustangs and so forth, a, rrragtag air force that could
have been driven from they sky by planes taking off
from Florida. Kennedy got_s,scared, it was said, so that
the planes had to take offifrom Central America and
thus were left with little tiirne over the beaches. The
equipment used in the invaesion-ships, planes, guns-
was surplus purchased by cother nations, re-purchased
by the CIA and completely "sanitized" to remove all
American markings and seriial numbers. In time, Agency
employees took the philosoj1hical position that "our ex-
ploits are unsung, our misa(rlventures are known to the
world." Still it is strange tthat even after the Bay of
Pigs the "company.' continued to train Cuban counter-
insurgents at the base, andl may still be training them.
It apparently has never abandoned hope of clandestinely
forming another invasion fca::ce.
OLLOWING OUR "(GRADUATION" from training
school, we drew;: assignments. There are two
main sides to the "company" house. One is
DDI (Deputy, Director for Intelligence),
which is the overt side.. I.)DI openly collects and col-
lates material that may 1flave some bearing on intelli-
gence. Its representatives.,, who carry CIA credentials,
recruit American citizens; for the manifold positions
within the Agency, brief:' sand de-brief certain coopera-
tive. U.S. and foreign citaiiens who travel abroad, and
perform similar functions. Most of the FBI retreads
who join the "company"' -.are funneled either into DDI
or into the Agency's secuivity department. Security does
personnel screenings, kerl# s tabs on the security of the
"company's" farflung operations, and acts as a sort of
inspection staff, or "goonl:squad," to keep personnel in
line and check on theiir ,activities.
The. other side of dire house, completely divorced
from the DDI, is the DEW` (Deputy Director for Plans),
which handles covert or " tblack" operations. This is the
down-and-dirty phase, embracing everything from espi-
RAMPARTS 19
FTER THE INITIAL training phase we entered
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 onage, or "Intel," to the overthrow of governments.
Some idea of the sweep of the DDP's activities can be
gained from several recent projects: financing, training
and supplying the Thai border police; training the house-
hold security force of the King of Nepal; supplying anti-
communist guerrilla bands in Tibet; and using Project
Camelot, an anthropological cover, for political manip-
ulation in South America. Thus it was not surprising
that the CIA'S man in the White House, who worked
closely with McGeorge Bundy (and probably works
closely with his successor), is a member of the DDP.
A DDI official I met tried to proselytize me by
arguing that 90 percent of the Agency's intelligence
comes through overt sources. "These spooks with the
big budgets play a lot of cloak-and-dagger games," he
said, "but not many of them pay off." Whether his esti-
mate was true or not, I wasn't about to be talked out of.
the elite DDP.
My first assignment was on one of the foreign desks
at headquarters. I reviewed reports coming in from
overseas and made recommendations. Every once in
a while I had to pull maps and photographs of cities
behind the Iron Curtain and select park benches,
bridges and other Sites suitable for dead drops, meets
and signal posts. Much of this material was pitifully
outdated, and I had a sinking feeling some of the sites
might no longer exist. It was at this point that
some of the gloss began to rub off the Agency image.
This was, of course, a demanding business, and the
Agency tolerated no mediocracy or dead wood. I ran
into many veteran "Intel" types, men who had spent
perhaps 15 years in.the field, who were being pulled
back to headquarters and superannuated. They were
washed up, and they knew it; they had spent their
entire career in "Intel" and knew no other trade,
although the "company" makes efforts to case them
into the National Security Agency, Army Intelligence,
or some other agency in which they can finish out
their time until retirement (after all, a disgruntled agent
is dangerous to security).
The extent of the Agency's operations is awesome-
and a bit frightening. DDP operatives were planted
in virtually every U.S. government branch that had
foreign aspects, for example, the U.S. Information
Agency, the Agency for International Development
(AID), Radio Free Europe and the State Department
(although State shied away from bestowing full diplo-
matic status on "company" men in a half-effort to keep
its skirts clean abroad). The Agency runs all sorts of
commercial and industrial front companies overseas.
Air America in the Far East is a now well-known
"company" enterprise; the Civil. Air Transport is no
longer subsidized by the Agency, but at least one of
its board of directors is still a "company" man.
ET "RIDING THE DESK" in Washington head-
quarters did not impart any deep-seated
doubts about the Agency and its role. The
actual intelligence operations were distant
happenings and it was easy to be academic and ob-
jective. When messages from an agent in a foreign
country did not contain the safety signal-a deliberate
mistake or misspelling to indicate that all was well
and it became obvious that he had been captured and
was being forced to communicate, the terrible fate that
awaited him was only an abstraction to me. I didn't
know the agent's name, only his code name, and he
was no more than a pawn on a great chess board.
But eventually, when I was sent to a field station,
such detachment was no longer possible. It was not
that I feared arrest or exposure; I had been well trained
and was confident of my Tradecraft skills. But suddenly
the pieces I had manipulated so intellectually from my
ivory tower at headquarters became real people. During
the tedious process of recruiting and running them, I
came to know them intimately.
Among them were students, many foreign students,
and young idealists. From various sources I obtained
reports, descriptions and evaluations of them, so that
by the time I requested permission from headquarters
to attempt to recruit them, I knew them like a book.,
In the face of this interpersonal relationship, I often
had to use the Agency's bag of dirty tricks to nail down
a man's compliance. As an example, I might give him
$10 "expenses" for his help in performing some in-
nocuous task and get him to sign a U.S. government
receipt. Then I would kite the amount to $1000 by
adding zeros and threaten to expose his "valuable
assistance" to us if he didn't cooperate. In time I came
to despise this kind of deceit, especially when used
against the young and the naive idealists. Their faces
began to haunt me. The attrition among agents on both
sides was high, and they probably sensed it. Some,
obviously terrified at the thought, simply failed to meet
me as arranged and dropped from sight. Others were
arrested; and they disappeared. The ones that remained
had been transformed into cynical, hardened spies.
This was not what I had bargained for. It was not
pro pitted against pro, 1 was the pro, cheating, cajoling,
persuading and blackmailing decent young men into
a sordid business-all in the name of democracy.
Assassination was never explicitly mentioned, but
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the impression was urimistakenly left with us that it
was at our disposal should there be no other way. I
remember the training class' suspicion fell on an
enigmatic group called Staff D, which was referred to
only in whispers. There was no Staff A, B, or C. What
did the "D" stand for? No one knew for sure, but a
co-worker said his class had been told a story with a
clear implication: a man photographed one of the
staging areas in Nicaragua for the Bay of Pigs invasion;
his photos included the numbers and markings on
American. planes which had. not yet been removed.
Hitchhiking from Florida to New York, he talked
about it to a man who picked him up. The man chanced
to be a CIA man returning from one of the Agency's
numerous staging areas in Florida; he notified "the
company." The hitchhiker was intercepted and in-
terrogated. He could not be bought off----he was an
idealist who was going to divulge the whole thing to
the newspapers. "Well," the instructor who told the
story stressed, "that man was on his way to the news-
papers when he was struck by a laundry truck and
killed. And those photos just plain disappeared."
There came a time when these things preyed on me
incessantly, so rather than take a second tour in the
field I opted to return to headquarters and from there
go to paramilitary school. The stated purpose of para-
military school was to train and equip us to become
instructors for village peasants who wanted to defend
themselves against guerrillas. I could believe in that.
Some of the training was conventional: but then
we moved to the CIA's demolition training headquarters.
It was here that Cubans had been, and still were, being
trained in conventional and underwater demolition.
And it was here that we received training in tactics
which hardly conform to the Geneva Convention,
The array of outlawed weaponry with which we were
familiarized included bullets that explode on impact,
silencer-equipped machineguns, home-made explosives
and self-made napalm for stickier and hotter Molotov
cocktails, We were taught demolition techniques, prac-
ticing on late model cars, railroad trucks, and gas stor-
age tanks. And we were shown a quick method of
saturating a confined area with flour or fertilizer, caus-
ing an explosion like in a dustbin or granary.
And then there was a diabolical invention that might
be called a mini-cannon. It was constructed of a con-
cave piece of steel fitted into the top of a # 1.0 can
filled with a plastic explosive. When the device was
detonated, the tremendous heat of friction of the steel
turning inside out made the steel piece a white-hot
projectile. There were a number of uses for the mini-
cannon, one of which was demonstrated to us using an
old Army school bus. It was fastened to the gasoline
tank in such a fashion that the incendiary projectile
would rupture the tank and fling flaming gasoline the
length of the bus interior, incinerating anyone inside.
It was my lot to show the rest of the class how easily
it could he done. It workh :d, my God how it worked.
I stood there watching the flames consume the bus.
It was, I guess, the morlen.t of truth. What did a
busload of burning people have to do with freedom?
What right did I have, in the name of democracy. and
the CIA, to decide that random victims should die?
The intellectual game was over. I had to leave.
RESIGNED for "personal reasons." The resigna-
tion was reluctantly accepted, for the Agency
is always loath to Lose a promising young JOT.
I was subjected to, the usual blandishments and
veiled threats. But I had had it. I could see the road
ahead: a career of lying, entrapping, possibly killing.
The process had already begun: duplicity had become
second nature to me and even in non-Agency relation-
ships I had trouble telling the truth.
Up to now the American people have had little
inkling of what goes on b.:.hind the CIA's curtain of
secrecy. The decision to recruit students, to employ
treachery, assassination and terrorism has been made
by a small clique of CIA executives as their version
of the requirements of "national security." I have told
this story because I believe that the people, knowing
the facts, would have qui !Ae a different version.
We have seen recently how the CIA infection has
spread into myriad facets of our national life. The
Agency is virulent because, in the final analysis, it
is a bureaucracy. But unlike other bureaucracies it
is unfettered by the normal checks and balances. It
receives untold hundreds of millions of dollars annually
with practically no accountability.
Thus it is a dangerous paradox that an agency
created to preserve "national security" has become
a clear danger to the Arncrican system. The continued
proliferation of the CIA, with its corrupting money
and its alien philosophy, could in the end destroy our
democratic society, As Justice Brandeis once said, using
the philosophy that the end justified the means in the
name of justice invites terrible retribution. .
Unless we restore the CIA to its original concept-
a modest, stringently regulated group of profession-
als concerned purely with intelligence gathering-that
retribution may not be too far away.
T21.: ".-d