CONGRESS SHOULD TAKE A LOOK AT CIA - EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF HON. JOE L. EVINS OF TENNESSEE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MONDAY, MAY 16, 1960

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• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP71B00364R000600060001-5
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• Document Page Count: 2
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 17, 2005
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: May 16, 1960
• Content Type: OPEN

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1900, ciN
of a tall; I knage to the glip,ton (p.c.)
Itlwant Club'4 ap,na. ,a1 jarraprs night
progrthii, ?
? IP* PROtql/AF
(Address Congressman WILLIAM JENNINGS
HeraN Doak, at itiwartik Ckub's apupal
farmers ,night, April 14, at Clinton, S.C.)
? The most se f6 Ziomegtic prOblena fac.ng
, the people of the United states is the farm
attUation. Farm joopulation in the United
States" haidropped to 11 percent or the 'total,
the lowest percentage in the history of the
United States and the lowept of any major
world power in the history of the World.
This is a dangerously low percentage.
?
The trn)ted 8.k.ates was fptinded by men
With a, rural philosophy. The Declaration
of Independence, the Constitution, and the
Bill of Bights were largely Written by rural
men. Washington, Jefferson, Madison, and
nonroe were all OUtstandingu farmers. The
fact that Watshington and- Jefferson were
great fanners made them good Presidents.
Nearly all' of the Presidents in the 'histi>ry
of the United States were .orit and reared,
on a farm or associated with a farm. The
Membership of the Congress for 130 years
ants overWhelmingly rural. t'armers have
initiative. They are independent. They
think- for themselves. Tbpy cannot be
herded or coercedoto the polls by goons and
ward bosses. It if- difficult lea get up a mob
or overthrow tlie Government vvit4 bitsY,
Contented landowning farmers. A man who
is busy milking cows and tilling the soil is
not going to lead a march on the Nation's
Capitol to overthrow representative g'ev-
eminent.
'We do not find communists and Socianets
engaged in the pursuit of agriculture. Our
rural areas are no breeding ground for ?luire-
nile delinquency. Rural people go to church
and support good schools. The rural hipline
is the bedrock of a democratic society.,
'Under the price-support and acreage-con-
trol programs, the American family-size
farmer has been reduced to a state pf peon-
age. One-half of the burley-tobacco growers
in the Uni-ced States, under this PovernmInt
program, are permitted Only one-halt acre
or less?in a nAtkoi.1 that originated the old-
ture of tobacco. 'Under these ,Goverrtmcnt
prOgrania, Cotton aareage has fallen off in
the United?Statea 60 percent' since 13311? Ve
have lost cotton naarkets at liome and al4road.
One-third of the cotton farmers in the United
States grow 5 acres or less. The percentage
is even greater in the Southeast. It is ink-
possible for a fernier to clotlie, Support, and
send his children -Le cellege with less than
?5 acres of eotton or one-half, acre of tolpepo.
What opportunity is there for a young man
with an ambition_to be a fanner? He cannot
possibly become a farmer unless he inherits
a farm or marries into olie with allotted
acres. Farming is the only _business in this
so-called fee natiCn that a young man cin-
not go into?he is not permitted to do. so
by a government of free people. Under these
Governna4it programs, the situation gets
Worse and worse. Surplusea, mount and the
rural population decreases, with more E5,..nd
more people on the welfare rolls and 'mere
looking to Washington paternalism.
These farm programs could not have seried
Russia's purpose more if they had been writ-
ten by the Kremlin's planners of world_ con-
quest. America's population is being_ con-
centrated in the great cities, easy to annihi-
late with we opixe bomb, easy to herd into
politica machines, and easily' subjected to
ropeltinda and agitation. !r). fact, the first
program inaugurated in the United
teS.NaXwritten by questionable charge-
.11.t- W404. llas eirtcp se,rveci a_term
penitentiary. The farm program was
?l):Y= Alger Hiss, Nathan Witt, Frank
_13e/c_Tugwell, Lee Pressman, Henry A.
al. go and Felix Frankfurter, presently a
ce efothis notorious U.8, Supreme Court.
GRESSION RECORD ? APPENpIX A4163,
These were principally bright young attar-
neys, most O whom knew nothing whatever
about agriculture.
Under the programs these men inaugu-
rated, we grow_ less and less, our farm popu-
lation shrinks, while Russia grows more and
more and eve# 2 nation in the World increases
her farm acreage. Soviet Russia since 1955
has defiled over 100 million new acres to agri-
cultural production. Rhodesia exempts her
farmers -from land taxes to grow more and
More. Turkey-exempts her farmers from in-
come takes to grow more and more. /n this
country we passed a soil bank to get our
farmers to grotv less and less. Incidentally,
the average fakner in Rhodesia plants 65
acres ortobaccie in Canada, 30 acres; and in
the United States. may I repeat, half of the
tobacco 'farmers are permitted 'to plant only
one-half acre dr hiss. The same is true with
Cotton and wheat. Foreign nations grow
more, With American foreign aid, while we
grow leak. We'send them marketing experts,
fertilizer exports. and the net result is to
put our own people out of business.
Under the cotton price-support loan pro-
gram, in the year 1958 358 farmers in the
State of California received $50,000 or more;
Arizona, 194; Mississippi, 237; South Caro-
lina, 1; Georgia, none; North Carolina, 2;
Alabama. none. Here in the Southeast we
are not only being forced and tricked off
the _land, but we are paying the bill for
others to become bigger and bigger. The
atmosphere is being carefully created so that
someday a cardpaign of land reform will ex-
plode in the United States along the lines
of China's and Cuba's agrarian reform. The
only segments or air farm economy holding
its ov; groxidig, free, and with hope, are
those ottside of Government control and
price supports-.;---for example, livestock, pine
trees, citrus fruits, and vegetables.
On my farm I grow beef, pine trees, and
grass, because I can do so without Govern-
ment regulation.
The pressure' was put on Congress to put
price supports on livestock, but I ant so
glad today we resisted these pressure groups.
The beef surplus simply vanished through
Increased co/Asti/notion. Livestock today ac-
counts for 54 percent of the farm income.
Yes, we need a farm program, a new farm
prograirf, a pbaltlye program; One that looks
to the future. one that will offer hope to
the youth of this country, one that will
beckon 'to the teeming millions in the
crowded cities; one that can assure us food
and part-time employment for the unem-
ployed during times of depression.
1. The No. 1 plank in this farm program
should be gradual elimination of price
supporta and all acreage controls. Our free
Nation cannot long survive as long as its farm
population is regimented, controlled, and
paid to do less and become weaker.
2. The Government subsidizes certain
business operations to at-ay in business, to
expand, grow, and to employ more people.
On the other hand, we subsidize the farmer
to plant less and less, to employ fewer people
and to buy less fertilizer, machinery, and
supplies. We are simply paying him directly
to go out of business. It would be much
better for the Nation if we paid the farmer to
grow more, riot less, and if we paid him
directly to stay on the farm instead of mov-
ing toward the overcrowded cities.
3. Get rid of the surplus by promoting
markets abroad and expanding our markets
at home.
4. Develop new crops and new uses through
expanded research and advertising. Dr.
'Hefty kept thousands of farmers in business
by research on the pine tree.
5. Expand the rural development program.
6. Give the farmer more Federal tax ad-
vantages so he can compete with the tax
exempt farmers of foreign nations. Give
him a break with local taxes by making him
pay less for improved rural property. The
. ? . ?
policy now is to tax a o mer if he paints his
house and ling oyes` appearance of his
farm. The local tare- - many farmers have
doubled since iniprov a his place by sheer
initiative and effort.
7. Imports?the fat o problem could be
solYeSI 111..?One_eI relce-1: prohibiting imports
of livestock, ,col ton ,,g 0 is, and other farm
commodities We alre I have in surplus.
Over 100 minim new - es could be used in
the United States t51 c Ince the beef, wool,
sugar, cotton, tobaceii am, and other farm
commodities now in o rted from foreign
countries.
South Carolli a ne new industry, but
more than anytliing we need to save our
old industry which a-mines cotton from
our farms. We need w industry, but we
also need a South Car & s Planning and De-
velopment Boaod I 6r ..4riculture. South
Carolina's agrioultun development must
keep pace with its ii oostrial development.
,It will be tragic for 'Ti uture political and
social welfare ca. our o re if we become all
industrial. We mist ae a balanced econ-
omy. We must presel a our South Carolina
rural heritage, traditls2 ,s; and philosophy.
We have a great r cultural college at
Clemson. den son's ?? ricultural program
needs the full ruppo And backing of all
of our citizens, b ith UI c a and rural.
Through rese ,rch - I planning, South
Carolina was able to s tch from indigo to
rice, to cotton, (loci no o livestock and pine
trees. South C1.1.01115 oust and can con-
tinue to be largely agr, ,ural.
1.4./,?J" LcAzce. /573A.
Congress Should I lite a Look at CIA
EXTENS EON i E REMARKS
is
HON. JOE L. EVINS
TEN
IN THE HOUSS OP
MORCery, ill
Mr. EV1NS. Mr.
of the past w ?ek
scene are highly disi
out dramatics Ily
state of relatio is bel
the world it is qeces
highest degree of
actions we tale th?
international ..elati4
Mr. Speaker, in
developments I wan
in expressing the hci
take a look at the Cl
in the public inter,
the editorial of the I\
of May 11 whi-.11 I
sent to insert in ti
RECORD. The editor
IF CIA CHIEF is ON
SHOrLD TA
Days after the spy p
the truth is beginning
ington, and to that ex
position is being imp,
Having been r louse
shchev, Secretal y He)
question of authority
sion which came to au
The broad policy 0
are told, came 'Llrom
acting In accord with
Act of 1947. Since th
ministration, Mr. Her,
has put into effect di.
every means possible
quired to protec--, the
free world againsti en
, Alto
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41
? ssEE
? PRESENTATIVES
16,1960
Meaker, the events
the international
bing. They point
? in the delicate
en the nations of
t y to maintain the
? 1Donsibi1ity in all
might affect our
a of these recent
Ii join with others
1-,hat Congress will
ind its operations
? as suggested in
? hville Tennessean
? unanimous con-
Appendix of the
follows:
Owes CONGRESS
a A LOOK
1 C debacle in Russia,
eome out in Wash-
? ?I t the United States
pped by Mr. Khru-
e has clarified the
? a the gathering mis-
o a calamitous end.
erial espionage, we
^ sident Eisenhower,
I, National Security
eginning of his ad-
? said, the President
..ceives "to gather by
t .e information re-
o ted States and the
mass attack and to
A4164
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX May 16
,
enable them to make effective preparations
for their defense."
Under the President's directives, therefore,
various programs have been carried out, in-
cluding "extensive aerial surveillance by un-
armed aircraft," it is revealed. In a burst of
candor, it is emphasized that flights over and
near Russia will continue as needed.
The earlier claim that there was no re-
sponsibility for the U-2 flight as far as
Washington was concerned, thus is revealed
as double-talk and subterfuge of a kind that
has impaired the administration's claim to
open dealing in international matters.
We can ,believe that the President did not
press the buttom, as it were, for this par-
ticular flight, and that brings up the question
of how uncontroill the Central ,Intelligence
Agenay may be jus before the summit.
If Mr. Allen Dulles, head of CIA, has not
been called on the carpet for his part in the
colossal blunder, it would be surprising. For
it is obvious that even if he had not been
told to cease his activities lest the summit be
wrecked, he should have acted to this end
on his own.
Yet there is a good deal of evidence that'
when Mr. Dulles acts on his own judgment,
he is very apt to be Wrong. Along with Gen-
eral MacArthur, he is charged with having
goofed on the Chinese Communist participa-
tion in Korea, andls. is organization allegedly
was taken by sur rise when Nasser seized
the Suez Canal. qther instances of missed
signals could be listed.
Regardless, therefore, of whether Mr.
Dulles becomes the goat of this particular
blunder, there is ample reason for Congress
to revive the prop? al that a permanent joint-
committee be estab4shed to make continuing
studies of the C 's secret activities, for
which it is not accountable to the body
which created it and appropriates operating
funds estimated at from $100 million to $1
billion annually.
While there is lt,eneral fear lest mistakes
lead to nuclear w r, a free-wheeling intel-
ligence agency calls for some sort of scrutiny
and direction.
Confidence in White House direction has
been hard hit by the latest turn of events.
And for this development Columnist James
Reston of the New York Times has a simple
explanation:
"He [the President] is not even managing
his own departments preliminary to the
summit, and this, of course, is precisely the
trouble."
Insofar as it can help correct this strange
situation, the Congress has every right and
reason for investigating to the fullest.
Washington Report
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. BRUCE ALGER
OF TEXAS
IN THE HOUSE 6F REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, May 2, 1960
Mr. ALGER. Mr. Speaker, under leave
to extend my retnarks in the RECORD, I
Include the following newsletter of May
14, 1960:
WASHIFIGTON REPORT
(By BRUCE ALGER, Fifth District, Texas, May
114, 1960)
The Department of Agriculture appropri-
ation bill, just enacted, presented the con-
tradictory though not too unusual spectacle
Of Congressmen debating and agreeing to
the expenditure of public money for a pro-
gram that practically everyone, for varying
reasons, thought Wrong, yet the bill passed
handily without a record vote. The bill
called for appre ximately $4 billion in vari-
ous agriculture subsidies. The Appropria-
tion Committee's own report on the bill
highlights the inconsistencies. Here are
some quotes: "The Federal Gevernment is
now spending far more in the name of agri-
culture than ever-before in hiseory * " yet
farm income in 1959 was at the lowest level
since World War IL * ? * Since 1953 the
following 'cures' have been offered, tried,
and from the record found wanting, so far
as solving the r robleni is concerned." Then
are listed reduced price supports (lower as-
sured prices), sail bank (to pay farmers for
acreage left unt: lied) , Public Law 480 (to give
surpluses away at home and abroad), Agri-
culture Depart nent personnel increase of
28 percent, appropriations increase of 300
percent, and production controls lowered
(reduced acreae,e control). And still the
problem remains unsolved. "The cost to the
Federal Treasury since 1952 now totals $25.8
billion. " ? Farmers tend to increase their
production as farm prices are reduced."
The soil banl: failed, according to the re-
port, because we paid farmers for land that
already lay idle: further; that if $6 percent
of all farms weee retired at $10 per acre per
year, costing lie $2.75 billion, we would cut
production only 9 percent. The problem, as
the report states, "will never be solved until
Congress attaci:s the problem at its base,
which is overmoduction." The report then
shows that the $13,5 billion in food given
away at home and abroad under Public Law
480 since 1954 has not eliminated the sur-
pluses, but rather "has contributed to a con-
stantly deteriorating situation for American
agriculture by getting these huge surpluses
out of sight ab:oad and thereby postponing
action to prevent the increase in the surplus
problem." Alec, the report states that Pub-
lic Law 480 "should be considered a foreign
aid program and should be paid for in the
mutual seourita bill." Speaking of acreage
controls, the report states, "while efforts to
control production through acreage controls
have not been effective, it appears unwise to
eliminate them" Under the heading, "Cor-
rective Action .Urgently Needed", we find,
"the situation becomes progressively worse.
* * It is impe:ative the present approaches
to this probleni be reversed the agricul-
tural industry of this country is to survive
and if we are to prevent a bankrupt- agricul-
ture from pulling down the rest of our
economy." Yet the bill passed perpetuates
the present programs.
The forthright report stopped just short
of the truth. ',he truth is that Federal sub-
sidy (Federal :noney and Federal control)
will kill priyate enterprise ultimately. True,
to a degree, industry can live on, through
accumulated productive strength, against the
debilitating Fe leral regulation, much as a
ship moves despite barnacles. True, tax-
payers can sur:ive economically despite the
weight of taxation much as a strong man
can carry a heavy burden and still do other
tasks. But in ?Other case or in combination
of the two, subsidy and taxation, free enter-
prise, private initiative, and ir.dividual free-
dom go 'clown the drain. We are now wit-
nessing the struggle of adying, free industry,
originally a free industry?agriculture?be-
cause of the Fa ieral Government. The solu-
tion? Get the Federal Government out en-
tirely. Only then can norma market sup-
ply and-demand react and result in the right
prices, which in turn will result in a good
income to the farmer, balanced against the
costs of other commodities. So the effort of
Congress shoul I be directed toward freeing
the farmer, not regulating and subsidizing
him deeper into trouble. The bill passed
without a record vote. I vmed against it
and desire to bs. so recorded. I predict that
if Congress will not take the statesmanlike
position, then the people will force action,
just as happened in the labor reform bill,
passed despite House leadership opposition.
It would be better, and hurt the farmers less,
It seems to me, if the Congress and the farm
industry effected the changes voluntarily
than to have it forced on them.
Russia's propagandistic blustering con-
cerning the American "spy" was answered
forthrightly by the chairman of the Appro-
priations Committee in a floor speech. Mr.
CANNON pointed out our failure to antic-
ipate the Communists' Korean attack which
cost our own unready troops dearly. So it is
that for 4 years CIA (Central Intelligence
Agency) by design has been sending planes
Over Russia to observe in order to protect
ourselves, so far as possible, against buildups
for surprise attacks. He likened the appro-
priation of funds for this work to the secret
atomic . work at Oak Ridge which preceded-
the atom bomb, unknown to all but a few
of the Members of Congress. Espionage is
a part of modern warfare and survival. Ours
is hardly comparable to Russia's infiltration
and subversive efforts. It was a refreshing
statement. Russia needs to be told once and
for all that we are deadly serious in our
intention to protect freedom-loving nations,
and if they don't like it, that's just too bad.
Tough and direct action is all that blusterers
understand. Only as we are strong, tough-
minded, and taught-talking. will we prevent
war and strengthen and attract the only
kind of allies we want, specifically those-
equally dedicated to preserving freedom for
mankind against the godless, slave-state
alternative of communism.
Pensions for World War I Veterans
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
Os,
HON. AL ULLMAN
OF' OREGON
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, May 16, 1960
Mr. TILLMAN. Mr. Speaker, it seems
to me that the time has now come when
Congress must take action to fulfill its
obligations to the veterans of World War
I. A most important step toward obtain-
ing a World War I pension is support
from the major veterans' organizations.
It will therefore be of great interest to
the Members of Congress that Willamette
Heights Post No. 102 and Ontario Post 67
of the American Legion and Willard An-
derson Post 2471 of the Veterans of For-
eign Wars, have endorsed the passage of
a separate pension program for World
War I veterans. Their resolutions fol-
low:
REsourrioN ASKING THAT THE AMERICAN LE-
GION Go ON RECORD AS SUPPORTING A SEPA-
RATE PENSION FOR THE VETERANS OF WORLD
WAR I
Whereas veterans of the First World War
did not participate in the generous postwar
benefits afforded veterans of World War II
and Korea, nor comparably in social security
or retirement, health and insurance plans
which were not generally available prior to
World War II; and
Whereas it does not seem fair to such vet-
erans of World War I now of an average age
level of 65 years, that they be lumped to-
gether with the younger veterans of later
wars in a single pension program that does
not take into consideration their particular
needs as is the case with the War Pension
Act of 1959; and
Whereas the veterans of First World War
now number only a small segment of the
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