DAGGERS AGAINST DIPLOMACY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP75-00149R000400200023-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 1
• Document Creation Date: November 11, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 14, 1998
• Sequence Number: 23
• Publication Date: February 11, 1959
• Content Type: OPEN

~ FOIAb3b
Sanitized - Approved Fo ens CIA-RDP75-
,A994 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD --- APPEND
For the reasons suggested above, It Is
perhaps desirable to avoid the notion
of it subsidy in terms of cash paid out
and think In terms of a welfare state.
The evidence of .the welfare state are
actions by the Government designed to
improve the economic position of specific
groups' or classes*of the population. AN
actions of the Government, in fact, fall
incomes and to create agricultural pur-
chasing power, thereby improving the
market for goods produced by others.
There were no important failures. Un-
til better programs have been proved,
farm price supports have justified their
position in the welfare state. They
should be reexamined and amended to
keep them abreast of the changing facts
of the world, but. they should not be
ranee of order and tranquility ate all The programs for price supports for
costly activities of Government which farm products have, In fact, contributed
directly b"neflt the public.- We' think of much more to public welfare than was
the welfare state as one which Is Inter- planned in' the original objectives.
ested in specific activities for speolije Through distribution programs, hunger
t?roups of people, and, sometimes, as in has been largely eliminated in the United
the case of graduated taxation, to the States and significant coritributign has
economic detriment of other groups. been made to reduction of hunger in oth-
The attempts of the Government to er lands. Growing farm efficiency has
achieve a leveling off process both. In 'made it possible for a declining number
Individual incomes and In human. wel-
fare benefits some and penalizes others.
The activity of the welfare state includes
not only cash paid out to individuals, but
als:1 the levying of tariffs, the creation of
stockpiles for surplus products either'by
the 'Defense Department or In the De-
partment of Agriculture, marketing
agreements, and the like. Perhaps It is
desirable to list some of the specifio ac-
tivities which seem to-fall in this cate-
gory.
At the head of such a list'certainly one
finds the graduated income tax Older,
of farmers to produce food for an in-
creasing domestic population for less
total dollars. This is no idle achieve-
ment in a nation where inflation is the
general .rule. In terms of progress in
the solution of basic human wants, it
seems quite likely that the farmers of the
United States' who produce food have
made a greater contribution than any
other group in the world during the
period beginning in the middle 1930's.
however, and more important in its time, . Daggers Against Diplom.cy
was the protective tariff. Activities un-
der the antitrust laws also fall ih the - SSTENSION OF REMARKS
welfare clitegory. Of the more recent
devices, the following come quickly to
mind: Bank deposit insurance, the eon- HON. BYRON L. JOHNSON
servation of natural resources, trans-
portation tubsidies, school-lynch pro-
grams, Government assistance through
charitable. organizations, price-supports
OT COLORADO
THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, February 11, 1959
for farmers, defense stockpiles, alloca- Mr. JCHNSON of Colorado. Mr.
tion of defence contracts to job deficit Speaker, the Members of the Congress
areas. old-age and survivors pensions, should read with Interest the report
minimum-wage laws, job insurance and about* the Central Intelligence Agency
separation pay, and ,labor legislation by Charles Edmund. on. formerly a re-
giving unusual privileges to unions. , porter for the Fortune magazine, and
It Is not the purpose to evaluate these with the Foreign Service,
programs. It is only proposed to show
their autinuity. on the one hand, and
more recently the extent of the activities
of the welfare state both in direct sub-
sidies and In other programs with similar
objectives.
Virtually every person In the popula-
tion of the United States would seem to
be a receiver of benefits, from one or
more of these activities. The ett&e nay
tion, In one way rr another, is affected
by the various programs, whether for
industry, for .abor, for the young, for
111e R ed, or for agriculture. It seems
iri.poropriate, under it condition where
rwtivitie:: of this nature have gained
sucii wide acceptance as In the United
;I it es. that the pu'hlic, through its legis
l:itois, should withdraw from support of-
any croup 'unless that program had
failed in It, objective, or an improved
program was conceived. Who to the
lofted States has the right to. say of
nether "You t to h "
e o moo
This article appeared in the February
1959 Issue of the Progressive magazine:
Txs CEN'RAL i'NTEI.LTGENCE AGENCY; DAGGERS
AGAINST DI 'i.oMACY
(by Charles Edmondson)
In tile recent fiaturday Evening Post arti-
cle, "The Story B.,hind Quemoy: How We
Drifted Close to War," Stewart A1sop tells
of the part played by the Central Intelli-
geneb Agency In alnirst starting war with
Communist China in 11+54 and again In 19.5.
For the first time a nos::-circulation publi-
cation revealed that beg;ntring early iii 1950
the CIA supported and masterminded "com-
mando-type guerrillp i-lds on the fchrnesel
mainland, which were sometimes mounted
in battalion strength."
Aleop does not, of course, tell all of the
CIA's activities In heightening tens tons In
the Far East. But he does describe in detail
the role of "Western Enterprises, Inc." (n
cover name for,.the CIA project) in raiding
the mainland from Quemoy and the Tachens:
"The Western Enterprisers--ostensibly sol-
diers of fortune--were responsible for or~
fi
ganlzing and equipping the Nationalist guer-
iiin program for support of farm rAlas who raided the mainland from the'
prices was designed th Improve lridividual, offshore islands. * * * Until early 1954, the
incomes in agriculture, It was also de- lelaaps were pretty much their exclusive
signed to equalize fitr'm and non-farlp playground, By that fejno they had settled
themselves pretty comfortauly on the
Islands,"
Although neither the White House hor
Congress had yet made up its mind whether
the offshore Islands belonged to Mao Tse-
tung or Chiang Kai-shek, the CIA decided
the matter for itself and proceeded with
systematic raids against the mainland. The
results, direct- avid Indirect, were enough to
provoke the brink-of-war crisis of September
1954 and October 1958. The Unite..! States
and the world were twice taken to the prec-
ipioe by a'secret bureau whose sctivitiee are
unknown to-Oongresa, the press, and the peo-
ple until long ' after the event-it they are
ever known.
The raids from Quemoy and the Tachens
are not Isolated Instances of CIA activity.
They are representative. As currently
operated, the CIA Is far more than an intetli.
gene-gathering organization. It is an activ-
let group which steps In boldly to dictate
foreign policy in areas not .covered by deci-
sions of Congress, the State Department, or
$he White House. The CIA operstes clandes-
tinelyln every counttl In the world, 113plud-
Ing several where the State Departifertt and
the pros are forbidden. It executes its proj-
sets without concern over. the reaction of
the public. The incidents It provokes are
never acknowledged, yet can be decisive In
shaping-or mieshaptng-publlo opinion, and
foreign policy.
All the machinery of government pub-
licity is used to make CIA-induced incidents
serve preconceived domestic ends. The pub-
lic can thus be propa*andtzed into believing
Whatever the CIA sad its Old Guard allies
in the State Department or the military want
It to believe.
Not long ago *1 asked a distinguished
career ambassador, "When CIA operatives.
are at work in the country-to which you are
accredited don't the incId4ats which they
create shape policy ta. such & ,way as to take
control largely out rat your hands4"
"I couldn't agree with you micro,-, the am-
bassador replied. , He told of CIA activities In
his country which had' damaged American
prestige and Influenctf over a Whole con-
tinent. . '
The CIA works under the dtrebtion of the
National security Council, the Illation's -.u-
Proms body in deciding Military policy.
Chairman of the NBC Is the President him-
self and there an fifer other members: the
Vice President, Secretary or State, Secreta?y
of Defense, and. the Director of the Office of
Defense MobUItton. The Director of the
CIA 14 not a member, but as Its adviser on
all intelrigdree Matters be'stts In on most
important sessions and has a voice in Se-
curity Couhetl disoueslona al,d decisions.
According to the basic statute, the CIA's
functions are limited to gathering and In-
terpreting intelligence. A final catchall
clause, however, authorizes-the CIA to per-
form such other functions and duties re-
lating to security intelligence as the National
Security Council nay direct. This would
not appear to agthOrise.tpe organization of
guerrilla raids ? 4 * in' battalion strength
or tht deployment.ot agents provocateurs in
the territory of. cold war adversaries. But the
CIA has engaged in such activities on a broad
scale.
Funds' are not lacking for any schemes
the CIA may see At to adopt. In his book,
"Central Intelligence and NAttvnal Security,"
Barry Ilowe Ranbcsa, a'geiitidal scientist at
Harvard. quotes eatimatee of national in-
telligence expendltures as high 88'&2 billion
a year., 'Several' hundreds, of millions of
dente's atlaually, ? he wrltet; 4nay be budgeted
directly t4,the CIA, tith'the mar going to the
Army; Air Porce, Navy, State jDapartment,
and several ?ther,agenciee which also gather
intelligence. Nobody ' knows 'the exact
amount the CIA Sets, The Bureau of the
Budget I. forbidden b# law to disclose the
figure. Congress ltdelt. carefully blindfolded,
Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP75-00149R000400200023-4
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