'ANATOMY OF DECISION' -- FICTIONIZED STUDY OF EXECUTIVE DECISION PROCESS IN AN INTERNATIONAL SECURITY CRISIS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP75-00149R000700300012-2
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 1
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 7, 2004
• Sequence Number: 12
• Publication Date: May 1, 1963
• Content Type: OPEN

Approved For Release 2004/12/15":6 IA-RDP75
7104
struck down by the Supreme Court, and
which has caused the whole structure of
policy negating the idea that that repre-
sents the American way, which it defi-
nitely does not.
These articles show how urgently leg-
islative attention is. required. I would
say that one of the greatest challenges
faced by the Congress Is whether it can
exorcise. this completely obsolescent and
very damaging and harmful provision of
law, or whether it must sit with its hands
folded and allow a provision of law with
which such a great majority of the coun-
try disagrees, and which the U.S. Su-
preme Court struck down as being con-
trary to our beliefs. The question is
whether that provision must remain
imbedded in the law because we do not
have the necessary procedures or a way
of manifesting our will to change it. I
shall do everything I can to bring about
such change. It is a real `challenge to
the Congress, and one of those challenges
which will determine how the Congress
stands in the eyes of the country. If we
cannot cope with anything as elemen-
tary as that problem, it seems to me the
country must take a very dim view of
our capacity for running the country's
business.
SIXTH ANNUAL OBSERVANCE OF
LAW DAY, USA'
Mr. SALTONSTALL. Mr. President,
today, May 1, marks the 6th annual ob-
servance of Law Day, USA. 'Observance
of this day, inaugurated by the Ameri-
can Bar Association in 1958, and now
designated by Presidential proclamation,
gives us Americans an excellent oppor-
tunity to reaffirm our devotion to - and
respect for the great heritage of Ameri-
can law.
Emllodied.in our Constitution we find
the basic tenet that we are a govern-
ment of laws and not of men. Article V
of the Bill of Rights assures each per-
son that the Federal Government shall
not deprive him of life, liberty or prop-
erty without due process of law. The
14th amendment provides that the State
government shall respect this same rule.
Through the consistent and continuous
application of this principle we assure
the freedom and equality of every in-
dividual.
Due process of law is maintained and
protected through our courts. These
bodies interpret our legal ideals and
maintain our traditional concepts of
justice through the impartial application
of these principles. While our rules of
law and means for enforcing them are
not perfect, they allow more personal
freedom than any,other system known to
man.
Many people have been attracted to
the shores of this Nation, knowing that
in America they need not fear discrimi-
nation and tyranny. These immigrants
have recognized and appreciated . the
climate of freedom and security which
the Anglo-American tradition of law
has been able to offer.
The occasion that we Americans are
commemorating today is in sharp con-
trast to the observances presently going
on in Communist nations. We reserve
(Prepared by William C. Lewis, Jr., brigadier
general, U.S.. Air Force Reserve, for com-
pletion of vol. II of course 4, War College
Extension Course, Air University, February
1, 1963)
PART 1. DETECTION
Chapter 1. Discovery
It had been a raw, bone-chilling day so
typical of Washington In mid-March. The
days were getting longer but that was not
much consolation from the mixed weather
pattern of snow, sleet, and rain--and those
reckless impatient drivers, who literally
panicked at the drop of the first snowflake-
making the drive home even to nearby
Georgetown a nightmare.
Scott Davidson sat by the warming fireside
leisurely enjoyipg his nightly predinner mar-
tini with his attractive wife Martha, who had
a knack for relaxing him with intelligent con-
versation about matters other than Intel-
ligence-Central Intelligence (14:57), that is.
As his right hand stroked the soft hair of
the head and back of "Cappy," the English
setter, sitting by his chair, he gave a gentle
sigh of relief with this fleeting peace of mind:
Central Intelligence Agency
For nearly 3 years things had not been
going well for the CIA (91:31). Hindsight
on the Quahog Day invasion failure had cast
such a shadow on the Agency for a year that
his predecessor ag Director had resigned in
bitterness (5:7). , Faulty, intelligence had
been a major defeat in the Abuc misadven
ture (94:68). Scott himself bad been one
of the critics pushing for the resignation-
Approved For.,.Release. 2004/12/15 ; CIA-RDP75-001-49P,000700300012-2
doms we enjoy. as Americans, freedoms
which are constantly protected by our
body of laws. The Communists use this
day for a raw display of power which
Maw
the consummation~of our expectations of
peace and tranquillity for the future lies
ong nations.
"ANATOMY OF DECISION"-FIC-
TIONIZED STUDY OF EXECUTIVE
DECISION PROCESS IN AN INTER-
NATIONAL SECURITY CRISIS
Mrs. SMITH, Mr. President, 3
months ago on February 1, 1963, a writ-
ten study was filed at the Air University
at Maxwell Air Force Base, Ala., that Is
of specific Interest with relation to the
international Haitian-Dominican crisis
of the past few days.
It was a fictionized study of the execu-
tive decision process in an international
security crisis entitled "Anatomy of
Decision." I think it is interesting read-
ing on the interplay between the White
House, the Department of State, and the
Department of Defense on the making
of vital decisions in time of crisis.
It is a unique piece of writing, for
while it is fiction, it is documented fic-
tion with some 225 citations from some
121 publications. Yet I think its
achievement of sustained interest gives it
the potentiality of an excellent 3-act
play.
make them aware that the only rules
guiding their government are rules of
physical power, administered by men.,
outside of a framework of law. There Is
no room in such a system for individual.
freedom and expression.
We must remind ourselves and the rest
of the world that the strength of our
system is based on far more than overt
displays of physical force. It is our be-
lies in the protection of human rights,
rights which the Communists refuse to
recognize, which can best express the
idea that we seek to make peace and
prosperity, with .freedom, a living real-
ity throughout the world.
To survive and to fuli-l11 its purpose,
our code of law and.-the Nation which it
sustains need the support and dedica-
tion of the people whom they serve. Law
Day provides us with an appropriate op-
portunity to reflect. on the importance
of law In the American way of life.
Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. Mr.
President, today, as on every May 1st
'since 1958, the Nation is celebrating Law
Day. It is altogether fitting that we
should pause for a moment in this age
of rockets and missiles, to give recogni-
tion to our system of law which Is so
basic to peace and order in our own so-
ciety as well as in the world at large.
The purpose of Law Day is to help
us to become more aware of the signifi-
cance of the rule of Ia* in the preserva-
Members of this body would have in
reading it and because of the potential
'interest that students of government and
international and military affairs might
have in it, I ask unanimous consent that
it be placed In the body of the RECORD
at this point.
There being no objection, the study
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
ANATOMY OF DECISION--A FICTIOITIZLD STUDY
OF THE EXECUTIVE DECISION PROCESS rN AN
INTERNATIONAL SECURITY CRISIS
tion of freedom and the maintenance of
peace. Bar associations, civic groups,
and private and public organizations
across'the length and breadth of the Na-
tion will hold ceremonies today directed
at fostering an abiding respect for law
and providing an occasion for the Ameri-
can people to rededicate themselves to
freedom. .
Our observance will serve to focus at-
tention on the rule of law where the
rights of people are governed by estab-
lished rules, where the essential inter-
ests of individuals are guaranteed
through limitations. on the authority of
the state, and where disputes are de-
cided by impartial courts. It will help
to demonstrate to the world the mean-
ing of reliance on the rule of law.
In his proclamation of January 28,
requesting our people to observe today
as 'Law Day and to participate in cere-
monies suitably signalizing its signifi-
cance, President Kennedy stated:
In a time when all men are properly con-
cerned lest nations, forgetting law, reason,
and moral existence, turn to mutual destruc.
tion, we have all the more need to work for
a day. when law may govern nations as it
does men within nations; when systemized
reason may bring us a confident future;
when moral development of the human race
may assure us a peaceful and law-abiding
world..
,It is in this spirit andwith this hope
that we celebrate Law,Day today, know-
ing how essential law has been to the
preservation ' of our own freedom and
believing that the greatest promise for