THE JOINT INTELLIGENCE GROUP, JOINT STAFF Lecture By Colonel Wendell G. Johnson U.S.A. at National War College Wednesday, 25 January 1950

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP75-00662R000100190012-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 19
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 21, 2001
• Sequence Number: 12
• Publication Date: January 25, 1950
• Content Type: SPEECH

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TI-E JOINT INTELLIGENCE GROUP JOINT STAFF
Lecture By
Colonel Wendell. G. Johnson lT. S.A.
National War C o l1, e
W n.e^day, 25 Januar 1950
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THE JOINT INTELLIGENCE GROUP, JOINT STAFF
GENERAL BULL, MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY AND STUDENT BODY,
GENTLEMEN: It is an honor for me to be here representing the
Joint Intelligence Group and its chief, Brigadier General
Megee, the Deputy Director for Intelligence of the Joint Staff.
when the Director of the Joint Staff addressed you, he
described the over-all organization and mission of the Joint
Chiefs of Staff and of the Joint Staff, and also told you how
the Joint Staff as a whole performs its functions within the
JCS structure.
You will recall that the Joint Staff is composed of three
groups - Strategic Plans, Logistics Plans, and Intelligence
which function under supervision of the Director and the three
Deputy Directors.
(CHART I - JCS ORGANIZATION)
Each of these performs the staff work and drafts the plans,
estimates and policy papers for consideration, of the respective
JCS committees which are responsible directly to the Joint
Chiefs of Staff.
This morning I shall discuss the organization of the
Joint Intelligence r;~Ir:rt:_ttc e.nO: t e Joint In.tclligenco GrouD.,
their functions and procedures, and their relationships with
the Central Intelligence Agency, the departmental intelligence
agencies, and other JCS agencies. I shall also discuss the
various types of joint intelligence estimates and studies and
the status of intelligence planning.
The JIC charter states that the Joint Intelligence Com-
mittee, assisted by the Joint Intelligence Group of the Joint
Staff as its corresponding working group, is the agency
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of the Joint Chiefs of Staff charged with the preparation of
joint intelligence estimates, coordination of photographic,
mapping and charting activities of the Department of Defense,
and with the formulation and coordination of intelligence and
security plans and policies insofar as they pertain to matters
for which the Joint Chiefs of Staff are responsible.
The Joint Intelligence Committee consists of:
The Director of Intelligence, General Staff, U. S. Army, Major
General Irwin;
The Director of Naval. Intelligence, Rear Admiral Felix Johnson;
The Director of Intelligence, U. S. Air Force, Major General
Cabell;
and the Deputy Director for Intelligence of the Joint Staff,
Brigadier General Megee, U. S . M. C .
In other words, the Joint Intelligence Committee consists
of the chiefs of each of the three military intelligence agencies
Army, Navy and Air Force, together with the Deputy Director for
Intelligence of the Joint Staff.
The three departmental chiefs of intelligence have their
own respective staffs to prepare for them the reports, estimates,
plans, studies and other papers that are departmental in nature.
Collectively, as the Joint Intelligence Committee, they also
require a full-time working staff to prepare the joint intelli-
gence estimates, reports, plans, and policies which are required
of the, Committee as the intelligence agency of the Joint Chiefs
of Staff, The Joint Intelligence Group of the Joint Staff per-
forms this staff function.
The fourth member Of the Joint Intelligence Committee,
the Deputy Director for Intelligence of the Joint ' Staff,
the chief of the Joint Intelligence Group. He assists the Di.--
rector of the Joint Staff by supervising and coordinating the
work of the Group, and in closely lining the parent committee
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with the Group and with other JCS agencies. As will be shown
later, he is also the representative of the Joint Staff on
several high level committees.
ltYryl, FUNCTIONS
Specifically the JIC is charged by the Joint Chiefs of
Staff with: Preparing joint intelligence estimates for the
Joint Chiefs of Staff and their subordinate planning committees;
formulating and coordinating intelligence and security plans
and policies of a joint nature; acting on joint matters of
security classification and codes; coordinating photographic
mapping and charting activities of the Department of Defense;
and giving maximum support to coordination of government in-
telligence activities and the integration of departmental in-
telligence into national intelligence through the medium of
the Intelligence Advisory Committee and Central Intelligence
Agency.
JIG FUNCTIONS
The functions of the Jo:.ry~ Tn'ull..~; ncc G oup arc cou-.)lem.en-
~. ,.: y. to :fin-'- lligencc Commmittee, namely to:
a. Procure intelligence for the Joint Staff (from mili-
tary and other governmental sources).
b. Integrate intelligence received from all sources and
prepare joint intelligence estimates, as directed by the Di-
rector or by the Joint Intelligence Committee, or as requested
by other Joint Staff groups, or on its own initiative.
c. Assist the JIC in the formulation of intelligence and
security plans and -policies within JCS jurisdi.ction.
d. Give maximum support to the coordination of government
intelligence activities through the medium of the Central In-
telligence Agency.
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e. Assist the JIC by reviewing the papers prepared by
JIC subcommittees .
f. Act for the JIC in delegated matters.
ORGANIZATION OF JIG AND DUTIES OF ITS MEMBERS
Let us look at a chart showing the Group organization to
do this staff job.
(CHART II - JIG)
There is a civilian intelligence consultant who advises
both the Director of the Joint Staff and the Deputy Director
for Intelligence in intelligence matters.. Not being subject
to periodic change of station as are the military members of
the Group he provides continuity in the intelligence work of
the Group and assists in coordinating the estimates prepared
by the several teams of the Group. He is often required to
brief the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Di-
rector of the Joint Staff as well as high level members of
the office of the Secretary of Defense.
There are three Assistant Directors - one Army, one. Navy
and one Air Force. They are the principal advisers and assist-
ants of the Deputy Director. The senior Assistant Director
present for duty acts for the Deputy Director in his absence.
They maintain close liaison with the service intelligence agencies
and with other JCS agenc i.es . They direct and coordinate the
work of the Group as a wholes and each Assistant, acting on be-
half of all three, coordinates and reviews the work of one or
more teams as necessary; they review the final draft reports
before these are circulated for JIC consideration or sent to
other JCS agencies. They act on behalf of the JIC in matters
which fall within the scope of established policies and in
matters specifically delegated to the Joint Intelligence Group.
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Chiefs, of Staff prior to the meeting of the Chiefs,
Liaison and a close working relationship between JIG and
the Central Intelligence Agency is maintained and facilitated
by having a CIA representative on duty with JIG. He arranges the.
procurement of CIA intelligence material required for joint in-
telligence estimates and studies, and participates in the prepar-
ation of such reports.
The JIG also has informal liaison with the Office of In-
telligence and Research of the Department of State and receives
many reports prepared. by that office, and in turn has assisted
that office by furnishing it military intelligence. However,
the JIG normally makes its requests for political and economic
intelligence to CIA.
By agreement, certain members of the Joint Logistics Plans
Group are designated to effect liaison with specified teams of
the Joint Intelligence Group, and meet with these teams in con-
nection with problems of mutual interest. Close working relation-
ship also exists between JIG and JSPG teams.
There are, of course, very close relations and almost daily
contact between members of the Joint Intelligence Group and the
three Service intelligence agencies.
(CHART III SHOWING JIC/JIG, CIA AND IAC RELATIONSHIP)
From the,vewpoint of national intelligence, it should be
recalled that the National Security Council is the highest ad-
visory and policy forming body in our governmental structure and,
as such, issues intelligence directives to the Central Intelligence
Agency, which is subordinate to it. These directives govern the
coordination of intelligence activities, not only of CIA. but of
the several departments and intelligence agencies - State,, Army,
Navy, Air, and also the FBI.
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I understand that.the Director of CIA will address you
later in the course, so I shall limit my remarks about CIA to the
xxainimum necessary to show intelligence relations with that
agency and what CIA contributes to planning.
The Director of CIA advises the NSC in matters bearing on
such intelligence activities of the several government agencies
as relate to national security and makes recommend ,tions for co-
ordination of such activities. To assist him in formulating rec-
oxnmendat.ons to the NSC, the NSC created the Intelligence Advisory
Committee known as the IAC. This IAC is composed of the Director
of Central Intelligence as chairman, the special assistant to the
Secretary of State for Research and Intelligence, the Directors
of Army, Navy and Air Force Intelligence, the Director of Security
of the Atomic Energy Commission, the Director of the Federal
Bureau of Investigation and the Deputy Director for Intelligence
of the Joint Staff.
On the basis of recommendations developed by the IAC, and
forwarded by the Director of CIA to the NSC, the NSC has thus
far issued 13 directives which assign certain responsibilities
and authorities to the Director of Central Intelligence and to
the other member agencies of the IAC, and which also provide for
coordination of intelligence activities of the various intelli-
gence agencies.
The IAC provides a round table where many intelligence matters
of common interest may be discussed and ideas and views exchanged.
All the JIC members are members of the IAC. Hence the JIG is also
represented through its chief, the Deputy Director for Intelli-
gence of the Joint Staff. The IAC has established various work-
ing level subcommittees which coordinate matters of common con-
cern and prepare papers for IAC consideration. One of these sub-
oommittees is the so-called Standing Committee. It has a repre-
sentative of each of the IAC members. Thus it has a representa-
ta..ve from JIG as well as from all the other agencies participating
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in the IAC. The Standing Committee serves as a medium for ob-
ta i,ning on an informal working level, the agency views on matters
of common concern before these matters are taken up formally in
the IAC.
One of the 13 NSC intelligence directives which I mentioned
a moment ago, defines the various types of i.nte.1ii.gnce s:u:ch~w:s
"basic ", "current".. "staff", "departmental" and "national." It
charges CIA with producing national and basic intelligence. It
authorizes each of the service intelligence agencies (Army, Navy,
Air) and the State Department to produce "staff", and "departmental"
intelligence, as required for their respective needs. "National
in tell once " is defined as integrated departmental intelligence
that covers the broad aspects of national policy and national
security, is of concern to more than one Department or Agency,
and transcends the exclusive competence of a single Department
or Agency or the Military Establishment'.
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SURVEYS
The "bas i.c intelligence" produced by CIA is contained in
the National intelligence Surveys (NIS). These NIS.contain en-
cyclopedic-type intelligence of a more or less permanent nature
relating to the economic,, political, sociological, scientific,,
geographical and transportation and military situations in any
particular country or area. The NIS production program was begun
in 191+7 and absorbed the "Janis" program. The "Janis" - Joint
Army-Navy Intelligence Studies - were basic intelligence studies
on world areas of strategic importance and were produced during
the war under JIC supervision. The De artmental Intelligence
AL unca es and other federal agencies contribute material for and
Asalst in the production of these National Intelligence Surveys.
There is a long-term program for completing a certain number
each year. The Joint Staff indicates to CIA the desired pro-
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duoti on priorities based on strategic planning needs, since it
uses the surveys extensively, as do the Services, for both in-
telligence and planning purposes.
JOINT INTELLIGENCE REPORTS
A few minutes ago I mentioned national, departmental, staff
and basic intelligence; there is one more commonly used term:
Joint Intell .Kence . When we speak of joint intelligence estimates
we refer to those estimates produced in JIG by integrating the
c ontributions of Army, Navy and Air Force intelligence material
as well as that of other'agencies into one paper which receives
joint agreement. When an estimate is agreed to only within the
JIG, it i known as a JIG estimate. Such JIG estimates or JIG
views often are requested by another Joint Staff group for work-
ing level use only. When the JIC approves an estimate it becomes
a Joint Intelligence Committee estimate. Most of the estimates
on the probable intentions, courses of action and capabilities
and vulnerabilities of foreign powers under given assumptions
are prepared by JIG for JIC consideration and become JIC estimates.
Usually they are prepared in response to requests upon the JIC by
the Joint Strategic Plans Committee (or'Group), and by the Joint
Logistics Plans Committee (or Group), which require the estimates
as a, basis for the plans that they prepare. In other words, the
JCS planners are the principal customers of the JIC-JIG intelli-
gence efforts.
From time to time the Secretary of Defense, the Munitions
Board or the Research and Development Board present to the Joint
Chiefs of Staff problems of an intelligence or security nature
asking the views of the Chiefs. These problems are referred by
the Secretary of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to the JIC for study
preparation of responses for consideration by the Joint Chiefs.
Consequently the JIG as working staff of the JIC does the spade
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work, obtains the service viewpoints, consults with other agencies
and prepares for JIC consideration a draft response which, if
approved by the JC, goes to the Joint Chiefs of Staff for their
considera, tion.
PROCEDURE IN PRODUCING A JOINT INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATE
Let us quickly trace the procedure in producing a joint
intelligence estimate beginning with the receipt of a directive
or request upon the JIC. The JIC/JIG secretary presents the di-
rective or request to the assistant directors of JIG. They ex-
amine it to note the subject matter involved, decide whether it
is a problem within the responsibilities of the intelligence agency
of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and then determine how the problem
shall be handled. Usually they assign it to an appropriate team
for necessary action. If preparation of an estimate is required,
.the task is assigned to the Red, White or Blue team, depending
on which team can best handle it, considering its work load and
the nature of the estimate required. Sometimes one of the other
teams has to work on estimates. One member of the designated team
either volunteers or is elected as steering-member for the job of
preparing the paper. Te and his teammates examine and axalyze
the request, and often confer informally with the working level
members of the agency making the request to clarify or amplify
details. Then in most instances requests for intelligence material
are prepared and transmitted to the appropriate agencies; that is,
usually to Army, Navy and Air intelligence and to CIA. When con-
tributions of intelligence material are received from the agencies,
the material is used to prepare the joint estimate or report. In
some instances the bulk of the intelligence information is already
available in the JIG and only needs to be put together by the team
in proper. report form. When the integration of the intelligence
material has been accomplished, the draft report may be sent to the
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contributing agencies for comment on a working level. In other
instances a meeting with agency representatives may be called
to obtain their comments. After changes have been made, based
on these comments, the paper is reviewed by the Assistant Directors
and then after any further changes have been agreed upon, it is
circulated formally to the JIC members (the agency chiefs) for
consideration; that is, for their approval, disapproval or amend-
ment. Some papers require discussion in a JIC meeting in order
to settle controversial matters. Occasionally there is a diver-
gence of views on part of a report which cannot be resolved, re-
sulting in a "split" on that part of the report when it goes to
the Joint Chiefs of Staff. As you readily recognize, a final
agreed paper has been g l..ven a thorough review not only in the
Joint Intelligence Group but by the staffs of each of the depart-
mental JIC members.
As I said earlier, the Joint Strategic Plans Committee is
the principal JCS agenc -which we run cur estimates factory.
Estimates used as a basis for joint outline war plans are also
furnished to the unified commands and major field commands for
their use in preparing pla.-L- under the directives issued by the
Joint Chiefs of Staff thru gh the executive agents.
Before discussing other joint intelligence matters, I wish
to reiterate that the intelligence agency of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff exists solely to provide intelligence information and pre-
pare joint intelligence estimates for the Joint Chiefs of Staff
and their planning agencies, and to perform other intelligence
and security functions relating to matters within JCS jurisdiction.
The JIC is responsible to the Joint Chiefs for their intelligence
requirements. The JIG with the assistance of the military and
other intelligence agencies prepares this joint intelligence and
other JIC papers. It also performs many working level intelligence
tasks within the Joint Staff. The JIG is not an intelligence
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lc;_g Or disselhinating aged-'i It has no field agencies and
no personnel other than those mentioned earlier and secretarial
and clerical personnel. Its duties do not duplicate those of the
departmental agencies or CIA. It makes use of the intelligence
material of those agencies to accomplish its mission for the Joint
Chiefs of Staff and their supporting.committees and groups.
DISSEMINATION OF INTELLIGENCE
Let us look for a moment at a chart ::which shows the flow of
intelligence between the departmental intelligence agencies and
to the JIG and the other users in the Departments of Defense and
State and other agencies of the government. Perhaps it will
illustrate the interrelationship and interdependence of the agent,:
ales involved., and also give you a better idea than my words may
have given you how the. intelligence agency of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff fits into the national intelligence structure.
(CHART IV - INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES AND FLOW OF INTELLIGENCE)
I regret that this chart may look as complicated as the
wiring diagram of a TV set. Actually it is rather simple. Please
note the legend which shows by different type lines the different
types of intelligence produced and disseminated by the various
agencies. The dotted vertical lines at the bottom of the chart
represent intelligence information that flows into the intelli-
gence agencies -- Army, Navy, Air Force., State, and CIA - from
the intelligence collection agencies in the field, such as U. S.
, service attaches, and U. S. forces in occupied areas.
embassies
This information is freely exchanged between the departmental
agencies and CIA as shown by the horizontal dotted lines. Each
agency processes its own departmental intelligence. This evalu-
ated, finished, departmental intelligence is disseminated by each
of the agencies to its own departmental users and also, as sho"vii
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 by the solid black. flow lines, it is furnished to the other de-
partments, to CIA, and to the Joint Intelligence Group. As you
will note from the chart, the JIG ordinarily does not receive
any of the hugh number of intelligence reports from the field
from which are produced the departmental finished intelligence
reports and the basic intelligence data that goes into the National
Intelligence Surveys (NIS). The .O:able stippled lines shOw? ti14 -
"national intelligence" produced by CIA from the material of all
agencies and disseminated to the President, the National Security
Council, and appropriate government departments and agencies. JIG
is one of the recipients of this intelligence.
Utilizing the intelligence material furnished by the collect-
ing_,and evaluating agencies, the JIG prepares the specific intell-
igence estimates required by the Joint Chiefs of Staff and their
planners. When approved by the JIC, these estimates go to the
Joint Chiefs of Staff and their planning committees as indicated
by. the double flow lines. Of course the JIC member agencies re-
cei.ve copies. If the estimates are required by the unified com-
mands for their planning purposes, the JIC member agencies would
be the channel through which distribution would be made.
I understand that the current status of intelligence planning
is an item of interest to you. Planning for intelligence collec-
tion efforts i outside the responsibilities of JIG and beyond the
scope of my subject, so I shall only discuss the current status of
intelligence planning in connection with U. S. strategic planning.
As I mentioned earlier, the Joint Staff indicates to CIA the rela-
tive priorities by countries desired in the production of the
National Intelligence Surveys, that is, from the viewpoint of
joint strategic planning.
f o- the of lace("ed for U.S.
s t_ t;:r?,c ',~la.nnin-, we base our efforts largely upon the guidance
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furnished by the Strategic Plans Group. One of the recurring
requirements is for a joint estimate of current capabilities,
vulnerabilities and probable intentions of potential enemies and
potential allies. Another requirement is for a long-range esti-
mate. We iiow that the short-range estimate must be revised
each year, or oftener, and such revisions have been made. Then
too there is the Budget Advisory Committee of the Joint Chiefs
of Staff which requires an intelligence estimate projected for-
ward two to three years from the present in order to have intelli-
gence guidance upon which budget planning can be based; a sort of
mid-range estimate has been produced for this purpose.
It appears probable that the various planning requirements
of the Joint Chiefs of Staff will require us to maintain a pro-
duction or revision of three comprehensive joint estimates; one
as to the current situation, one mid-range, and one long-range.
Of course, numerous other estimates of diverse nature are being
planned or are in process of preparation; some stem from the
eomprehens a.ve estimates just mentioned; some are revisions of
previous estimates; others are entirely new.
NATO PLANNING
For NATO planning purposes the Joint Intelligence Group and
departmental intelligence agency representatives prepared a brief
strategic intelligence guidance designed to be the U. S. proposal
as to the guidance which the Standing Group of the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization should send to the Regional Planning Groups.
This brief was approved by the Joint Intelligence Committee and
was coordinated with other agencies. It was then presented in
an Ad Hoc Committee established by the Standing Group, consisting
of 'U.S.,, British and French officers, and was considered along with
the British and French proposals. The agreed paper of this com-
mittee was submitted to the Standing Group for its approval and
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and for distribution by the Standing Group to the Regional Plan-
ning Groups to serve as their over-all intelligence guidance.
A more detailed intelligence brief also has been prepared
for the use of U. S. representatives on the Regional Planning
Groups of NATO in order to enable them to participate in the
preparation of detailed intelligence estimates required as the
basis for regional defense plans.
We foresee that there will be other joint intelligence jobs
to be done for NATO,
In concluding this description of the Joint Intelligence
Group, I have several general remarks to make. The Group is
receiving excellent cooperation from all the departmental intelli-
gence agencies and CIA, as well as from the rest of the Joint
Staff. I have been in the Joint Intelligence Group since August
l947. During that time much improvement has been apparent in
coordinated joint intelligence efforts; all agencies now work
more closely, more harmoniously. Much duplication of effort has
been eliminated. The Joint Intelligence Group is today partici-
pating far more in joint planning than at any time during the
past three years. Our aim i.s to keep improving the reports we
draft for the Joint Intelligence Committee and our other efforts
for the Joint Chiefs of Staff,
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