INTELLIGENCE BRIEF NO. 12 PENETRATION OF COMMUNIST PARTIES, PRELIMINARY BRIEF

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-00915R000100010002-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: November 11, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 6, 1997
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: October 14, 1946
• Content Type: REPORT

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. WAR DE.,
OFFIGR or THE Aisr7C:47.Art SZalaritZ( or
TRATEC10 3ERITIc;
Iligts'aingtonftDC
DTELLIGKNCE BRIEF)
12)
?P.CtETIZA.TIO11 OF COM.Z.TNIST Pcs.RT1%31
ssossaksdax leasssra. .tts..,....ssramsars -nes S. 617.1113:
th orti.)41
4 Otob,t 1
LTAtIVEli )3ItIPS
Th? collection of secret- informetiOn on the i.r.ternal. orgt61.10,1-
tion and covert or /3 OT/Ii-covort, activities of the mn,jor Coraniunist PPt.?t les
throughout the wcrld has been estaOlishod as a priority I olsjective or
this agency, This brief outl 'Ines thenit co nal del-ati or 3 of cps rat o 1
, ,
approach u.nd specific targets 'involved in obtaining such information,
? ,
wed provides certain briefing ratoriais,
2, For practical ptkrposes eSsential
required on individual Corrgunist Fartioc nay be so
?categories:
s of irtorsatlon
irto tvo
anformt:I.o.n. conedrning-- CO
an4vorrutc.nlpolitical group or party onpUrra
z-t or,sui.versive -
b,, Trlfortion concerning 1...4ecifi,
orert nto rnat ono./ or ran i zati on directed by,
?ToiiiarTriti"--s-67ie nion
section ots a.
Cc.r-i"Frcira'
L. The Intel ,en ppr4b. to the Coi titry a ali,atLon3i
poI it ical group involvee t ho a o ciazi als. t i on of 0. RIAZia-&rai-
VairrIaormulaon on tho orgarliution,? pantie *nand& ativ
,
, . ,
tios,? outsief4 rolat;.c.nEhips 6 front and affilieat ?..1.zatiOTIE A et.Q.. A
or individual Corrumuist Parties.' ' This informer ?fs in large
available Iron public sources or tiforms.ti otl.. ' d iatifsctory glnor
estimates of the activityQ plansand pot=4Fpower of, the ?Party cal
often be node without recourse to additions = urces? ? riciwever,, to obt
information on internal ?arty controls and `45-,-, ,s OUT COO ' Of f Wads
covert, infiltration of other groups and ergtin.. ikations,? para-Military ,r,a*c
ties or plane., ,eto.,i secret sources 'are_essential&--
4 (.1)erational:ipproachl 11130h of hie infOrMati. on a a adily pro- .
. _ , ,
curable from Irlorriente iii7E76i, tube r s of ,t '6,,4:and4the grafi, recoAdo rind
of ,.reports on the 'CP,received ic t qe Peatt'Jhasional:sted of r2poits from
the large ranber of enti-ComuniSt groups and individual .s currently tA3tili
in ulmo st every country ran girt front 111,05 !bergs of, SOCia.1 ist and iirjr:-...w,iri
pAtrties, goverment of.,:h.aalso and bUS -S 0 and cierica.t fig,ures to ,s4ti-
, ? ?
S 01/1.0 13 8131i ry ev and profossioyal int'orrian? These .*ources.provide, eierai
solts,ssoo.
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data on the structure ani orgAr
ing.Corrlunistz (occasionally -t1
and of GP members in specific a
Party and its rolationship
end orgsnisations, the party-ii.
meetings front organizations t
Occasionally those non-CP scurc
on some of these topics or on t
Soviet- diplomatic or intelli4eL
sion of their information are e.
have manarpd to pnetrata the C
-
of Party, the mtmes of lead-
'35.r spocifie posf_tion in the hierarchy)
.-case the pol=.tica1..1,tivjties or the
other parties and non-p-;litical g-oups
ie as it emerges ir CP publications and
.,rouch Ahich the Pz.rty works, oto.
)s are in a p-ieiticn to supply deti5.1
Cis relations 7ith members of the
!8 services but tle ertant and praci-
larply Lhated unless they themselves
at 0110 level or mother:.
Lag-level penetration if local cane and Lsoti)nrs of a. C? o.f:fers
an effective method of procurin precise details on the CP as a. nitional
pcIitical-subt,ersive orgauizata)n, to p-ovid the adeAuate data f;.1r
anslyses of its plans and poter;ial,, Pece-:rition at a low level osn be
!ca;:ried out on a systematic .8 with reasonable ease?, but the
tlt.ons of the intellik4enee thus );-ccured must be ccnstRntly kept in mnd,
This intellicence will be of ac-:Ion value to 1"; S- agencies only ?or a
limited per:we in specific aroe.t (Germany A,.strie, Italy, China, Norele
and Japan). Purely local, lov,41.7e1 CP covers 4ehi ?the: ars, such as
France, Italy, the Near idSoutlleiyat e i kas. a snail intellii;-eace
value?,
Low-level,penetration Operationa are now import:.ant and ?a ;b .
in Gernany and. Austria (Russi. and American zone 4). France, CI8C7a0
alovakia, Hura7ary, Italy, and E.fltzerlani.c.
5, Information targets o gcnorel aim of law-leel penetrations
in any area-li-tigIon )2 a pnelse picture of OP orgelizition
and activities by obtaining sucn. infcrrlation on the following topics ma,
is net available from public sorces of information or from the u3ual
State Department sources in tnesrea
Organization
3., Structure
Furs.-elpVILARR(1,157.41C,..a.11
Namese functions: and background of sectional, regional
and national party futiotioaairits.,
location of sectional, regiona2 cad rat:7,6nel Party
.offices,.
P710G150 data on density of cells in industrial gad .
rural area z,,
????imeindwiamakiii.,
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2,, Party control
larlanart,s-
Directives from high-level offices to lower echelons..
Disciplinary controls (purges, and the reasons there-
for; clandestine surveillance of perty nembers).
Adninistrative controls..
3. runds
Origin, administration and areoUnt of available funds.
Party budget.
4. Membership
Strength of active neubers in industrial end rural
areas.
Strength of non-active menbersc
Sympathizers amongs
Labor circles
Intellecttals and educators
- Hi:litany and government personnel.
Defections and .fluctuation or renbership; reasone.
Morale and degree of fanatisien of membership.
b. Political Activities
I Police- aidStratr
.Open and secret deci3ione of Politbere, Centra:L CON
mittee an Party Conference,
Implementation by lower party echelons.
Succeed or failure of poicies, end ensuring revisic
2. Preseurea
Pre-revolutionary activities.
Names and activities of chief organiners of strikea
end other demonstrations.
Agents provocateurs, etc.
Available arms and &munition.
Uilitary training centers.
e-. Relationships
1. Party-Governmnt
Activities of Communist government members.
Front men in government. ?
Pressures and influence on non-Communist key larsonn-'
in governrent circles.
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g. Party-Labor
Infiltratior and domination of Labor Um71on2 and
. other Labor organisations.
Attitude tazard and method of Oombattinp Labor
opposition,
3?
Infiltration of armed forces.
Communist cells and sympithizirg mmbers.
Party-Minority Groups
Infiltrationa or control of dicestisfied racial or
colonial minority groups.
5. Party-Church
Methods of neutralisation of Church influence.
Use of liberal Church elsmentsc.
6. Party-Opposition Parties
Methods of discrediting. intimf.dating or splitting
Opposition parties.
Infiltration of Opposition groups.
d. Affiliated Ouanixations
tiOn AMP-
?
1. Structural data on recognizably Communist organitations-4.
Sport Groups., Educational Instf.tutions. etc.
2. Leadership,
3. Activities.,
Front Organisations
1. -Structure of orgmaizations not recognizable as CommuniStp
which are Communist-controlle& Youth Groups. ROmenvs
Group s.' Charitable Organizationd, Cultural Orguniza-
tions,-etc.
2. Mechanics of Communist control.
3. Radius of influence.
NmaiggfflefflPselliniftrip
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f. Wanda st ins Orean I sat ions
Revolutionary military cadres,:
-2. Training.
3,, Strength,
4? Probable efficiency.
Propaganda
.1. Open propage.nth
Information on pros? publicat?ions? radio?
Nunes of chief pubi ishers, propagandists, a gitc.trs,?
Controls.'
.2. Cliceldestine ?proptigands.
.Subvorsive whispering campaign2-1
Clandestine, press, pubi icat lona ? radio.? . to
3 Internal opacpada
Indoctrination schools anO. pe Sonnel-.;
literature.
propaganc!la.
6. Briefing %tot The cor,duct of low-level. penetration c1.on
in an area viliT be st.parv.ised and assisted by ?the appropiat;
-Branch in Washington, which Td 11 provide the orcw..isational anfl
data required by the 'field, Historical stucaies of indivi.dual CP 6s tc,:se. -
already available on Prance, Germany, Italy-, and the Near EaSt,
L in
most caeca provide adequate background and orientt.?.tion. ;In the course of
tine resumes of current in.format:,.on available on other CP cs will be cont.,.
piled in rashinc,tbn and forwarded .to field statiors.?
Appended to this brief are: two general aids -x lcwlovol ponatmtion
operations:
" ?
(i)' "Notes on Low-level Penetration of the Comunist .Pertyl'
based upon the experience of a staff member in conducting such opi ratio:1_1
in the Ltnited States,?.
(ii) A copy of the English translation of the official History
of the Communist Party, of the Soviet Union (Boishtevik) which forli-t.-Te"-
basic it,i?
-Ti-_,=e-.1=Fo-iitical actives
throughout the The volvne T's principal importance, for CP members ?
and candidate s. liesin the sections cn Oorinunist Doctrine 'as oxpounded
by Lenin and Stalin which are inserted at approprzate points in t.rimiia
azialysiz. Stotiens pri:tary impertox.ca, ar.?>% Chap;
Chao. III, Sou ; Cock. 2; Chap TTI, Sec,- 3.
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HIGH-LE?El. MUETRATION:
7. The low-level penetration of the CP and the aernenuintion
of precise details on the national CP2a ore of secondary imeortonee
in a secret intellieence approaeh to the CP, but they aee necessary
preliminaries to the effective execution of hieh-level penetration
operations designed to uncover the operational rsothods, plans and -
potential effectiveness of the majur CP2s of tho xorld as key instrte
ments of USSR foreign policy. It can be safely stated thE6: tri-e-line-
arirrers=1-6==tTomintern headquarters in 1943 has had no
practical effect upon the organized exploitation cf tho national CP,e
of the world by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the
Soviet Union-Bolshevik (CPSU(B)) aa an important iratrument in achiev-
ing its politicala propaganda, military, and intelliesnee faiMB abroad.
The careful deliaeation of the mechenism methods and program of this
exploitation im a major strategic intelligence objective The primary
strategic target in the CP ie the Central Comnitteo Fed it conmeotione
with diplomatica intelligence and propaganda personnel of the Rueeian
Communist Party and of the Seviet eovernment. The koy group in the ntie
hierarchy is theAlpperat, or tuner circle of Centtal Cemreltteo members
who reportedly cerry on?the priecioal coetacea with teo C.ometern and
RIS representatives in most eouneries
8. Operational Approach l The hieh-lovel peneiretion of tho Cole-
munist PaTtreWslatri?V-e-ird-i-fficult cpe rational ereeleste,
ca statement on poscible operational neeroaehes, eitnor on t e baels
of direct subversion of Central Coerittee manbert or the infiltration
of agents into Diatrict and Federal Committee levele, can be made at
present in the light of the current lack of basic facts on CP poreonnel,
oreanigation, and functions' at this level for most countries The
initiation of such operations con hardly be anticipated for the near
future% but a systematic collection of the data' outlined under the pre-
ceding paragraph represents an indispencable first step in producing
the items of operational intellieence requirod to plan sechoparationse
9. Information Targets of such high-level penetration operations
viumew
are 2
se identity, biography, parzonal characteristica. tied non-
public activities of members of the Central Committee,
b, Funetioning of the Apperat?
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1. Identity of membors,
2, Contacts of memers of Apparat (and of Cot r%1 Com-
mittee) with
Comintern foreign rp otativ har43,
RIS (esp. MGB) representative intrea,
Soviet diplomatic or othe- governmnts,:
officials in area.
CP intellii;ence agents at lower 'levels (not
through normal Party channols),
c. Courier relationships between t7le lozaI Apnsrat and the
Central Committee und Party seotions in MOSCORA either directly or through
local Comintern or RIB roprosentatives,
1. Identity and rolttes of couriers.
2, _Funds trauenitted and purposAs.
3. Diructives transmitted.
4. Identity and mission of sp3c:ial r-)pros,-atc.tive,c. ,in-
patched from Moscow.
d, Regional meetings of national CP leadors: gr,-F-mda arpl
decisiOns,
Structure and activity of Moscow "Con-intern' IleaasluaTtt3;
1. Poraonnel
2. Crghnixation
3, Nature and extent of name fi
4, Training institutions
5, Precise position in Party bureaucracy
f, ,Developments in Comintern strategic yolicy5
1, Texts of directives issued
2, Pajor policy discussions and deciiions
3, Coordination of national CP propaganda with Agitprop
Section of the Russian Communist Party,
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Comintern infiltration infiltration and exploitation of all international
organizations, including Russian Orthodox Church.
100 Briefing note: In order to facilitate tha preliminary collec-
tion of opsrationa-Mermation on tha CP at tha strategic level, a
series of briefing memoranda will be issued on thi, fellowinE aspects of
the Comintern:
History of Comintern Activities
b, Preliminary'Roport on the Current S",ructyro and Oprations
? of the-Comintern - ?
43, The CP ApIparat fuld Ille?gal CP Activities
d. The Function of tho CP in RIS Activities
APPROVED:
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ColonaL Infantry
Director
Attachment It "Notes on Low- avel Penetration c0 the Communist
Party"
Attachment XI Hitorvf tl
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