The WORLD PEACE COUNCIL A Soviet-Sponsored International Communist Front

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 121
• Document Creation Date: November 11, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 23, 1998
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 1, 1971
• Content Type: REPORT

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The WORLD PEACE COUNCIL
A Soviet-Sponsored International
varnn?zp
Communist Front m?? r) M
7- i7l
C~ir~9
n
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A Soviet-Sponsored International Communist Front
In the decades since World War II, Soviet propaganda
has gradually pre-empted a number of common words with
inherent positive values and manipulated them into a
dichotomy of meaning. "Peace" is a word that has
particularly suffered in this regard. Both because of
its positive meaning and value to the West and because
it cuts across so many class and professional lines
with ease, it has been extensively used by the Soviets
as a clarion call to action.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. Origin, Aims, and Methodology . . . . . . . . .
5
II. Major Campaigns in Recent Years . . . . . . . .
16
III. Organizational Aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
IV. Current Status and Prospects for the Future . .
40
APPENDIX A WPC Program of Actions for 1971
APPENDIX B List of Members . . . . . . . . . . . . .
51
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ORIGIN, AIMS, AND METHODOLOGY
The World Peace Council is potentially the most
important and the most comprehensive of the Communist
front organizations established under the aegis of the
USSR in the post-World War II period. Its inception
stems from a meeting in Wroclaw, Poland, in August
1948 called the "World Congress of Intellectuals for
Peace" that was held to organize groups to carry on a
"fight for peace." At this meeting an organization
called the "International Liaison Committee of
Intellectuals" was set up, and this committee convened
a "First World Peace Congress" in April 1949 in Paris.
The congress launched a "World Committee of Partisans
of Peace," which in November 1950 was renamed the
"World Peace Council." In the mid-1950's the organi-
zation changed its name to "World Council, of Peace,"
but in January 1971, with no public explanation, the
name reverted to "World Peace Council." The organiza-
tion will be called "World Peace Council" (WPC)
throughout this paper.
Although the Soviets deny sponsorship of the WPC,
the genesis of the organization clearly stems from
international policies adopted earlier by the Soviet
leaders and spelled out for Communists abroad either
directly or through the Comintern. The Comintern
publication, International Press Correspondence (Inprecor)
pre- World War II
IE- _5
is a primary source for the study---f
fronts sponsored through the Comintern and the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). It is especially
informative since the Communists were inclined in that
early period to be more outspoken about their true
objectives than they have been in later years.
The idea of exploiting the sentiment for peace,
which stressed the employment of front organizations,
was developed several years before the WPC was actually
established. Communists were told that they
"must penetrate among the pacific masses,
and carry out a big work of enlightenment
among them using forms of organization
and action that are adapted to the level
of consciousness of these masses and that
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give them the possibility of taking
the first step in the effective struggle
against war and capitalism. We must
always take two things into account.
The first is that the organization of
pacifist masses cannot and must not be
a Communist organization; the second
is that, in working in this organization,
Communists must never give up explaining
with the greatest patience an insis ence
their own point of view on all the
pro ems of the struggle against war."
(Inprecor, 1 October 1935
These concepts that were enunciated in 1935 were
applied to the WPC when it was formed in the late 1940's
and are still followed faithfully into the 1970's.
The WPC was organized, it should be noted, shortly
after the formation in September 1947 of the Cominform,
the battlecry of which was "For a Lasting Peace, For a
People's Democracy!" In November 1949 the Cominform
issued a resolution that, though not specifically
naming the WPC, clearly directed Communist parties
around the world to join the "peace movement" the WPC
had launched. The Cominform directive stated: "The
struggle for a stable and lasting peace, for the
organization and consolidation of the forces of peace
against the forces of war, should now become the pivot
of the entire activity of the Communist parties and
democratic (meaning 'front') organizations."
There is every reason to believe that, as was the
case in the Soviet-instigated peace agitation just prior
to World War II, the special task of the WPC set forth
here was defensive; it was first to obstruct, disrupt,
and/or discredit-as far as possible the anti-Communist
unity that had begun to develop internationally in the
wake of the Kremlin's moves to consolidate its hold on
East Europe. The WPC's principal area of activity was
to be in Western Europe. In Asia and Latin America,
where it also established itself promptly, its key
activists initially sought to exploit and strengthen
anticolonial sentiment among professionals and
intellectuals in an effort to broaden the WPC's following
and gain support for Soviet views.
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The WPC's first home was Paris, but it was expelled
by the French Government in 1951. It then moved to
Prague, and in 1954 it moved to Vienna under the pro-
tection of the Soviet occupation forces and to the
great annoyance of the Austrian Government, whose
permission had neither been soughtnor given. The
Minister of the Interior of the Austrian Government
protested strongly and added: "A sharp watch will be
kept on the WPC, for it has nothing to do with peace.
Vienna is becoming more and more firmly established as
the headquarters of the Cominform organizations plotting
to undermine the free West."
When the occupation forces withdrew and Austria
regained independence, the WPC was allowed to remain
on condition it observed Austrian laws. In February
1957 it was expelled from Austria because it "interfered
with the internal affairs of countries with which Austria
has good and friendly relations" and its activities were
"directed against the interest of the Austrian State."
However, the WPC managed to continue operations at the
some address in Vienna by adopting the cover of a new
organization ostensibly devoted to scholarly research of
peace questions, the "International Institute for Peace"
(IIP). The IIP has been able to remain in Vienna by
being less blatantly propagandistic in its own activities,
yet it was able to function on behalf of the WPC in
communicating with WPC members and national committees,
while the WPC was searching for a new haven for its
permanent headquarters, by the simple ruse of saying in
its letters "The WPC has asked us to forward to you..."
or somewhat similar statements. Since its establishment,
leading IIP staff members have been, at the same time,
members of the Secretariat and functionaries of the WPC.
The legal headquarters of the WPC disappeared, though it
would occasionally make a pro forma appearance on
letterheads from different European cities.
In September 1968 the WPC officially established
its headquarters in Helsinki, Finland. The 11-year
search for a permanent headquarters following its
expulsion from Vienna was not an easy one, since many
countries were--and still are--openly hostile to the
idea of accommodating the WPC. The move of the WPC to
Helsinki freed the organization from the restrictions
set forth by the Austrian Government, but it has created
other problems. The move has proved costly, and it has
been unpopular with a number of the permanent staff
members who find living in Helsinki expensive and less
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congenial. Furthermore, the WPC has encountered a
number of difficulties in getting its publications
translated, printed, and distributed from Finland.
According to the regulations of the WPC, the
leading bodies of the organization are (1) the Council
itself--the "supreme body of the movement, the highest
authority--on the basis of whose decisions and
resolutions the other bodies carry out their work";
(2) the Presidential Committee; and (3) the Secretariat.
The Council is composed of representatives of national
peace committees and also of national, regional, and
international organizations and movements agreeing with
WPC aims and principles. In addition, individuals not
affiliated with any "peace" movements or organizations
may
join, although in
recent
to
attract a few "big
names"
WPC
appears to have a
greater
the
number of national
peace
groups it has attracted than in stressing individual
membership as such.
The Presidential Committee constitutes the
leadership of the movement between sessions of the WPC.
It is elected by the'Council and normally meets twice
a year, although it can meet more frequently if
necessary. In May 1971 the Presidential Committee was
enlarged by 13 members to 59, while the WPC membership
was increased from about 500 to 700. The Secretariat
is the executive body of the Presidential Committee,
elected by the Committee and responsible for carrying
out and implementing its decisions and initiating further
activities in accordance with general directives and
decisions of the Presidential Committee. There are 14
members of the Secretariat.
The Presidential Committee was set up in 1959 when,
following the death of WPC President Frederic Joliot-Curie
in :1958, the movement was unable or unwilling to select
a successor to the post of president. The Committee then
elected from among its members a coordinating chairman
and a secretary general. Professor J. D. Bernal (British)
was the first chairman; he resigned in 1965 due to ill
health, and he died in the summer of 1971. Isabelle'
Blume (Belgium) was elected coordinating chairman in
1965, but since 1970 she has become less active in the
day-to-day affairs of the organization and the post of
chairman has been abolished. The first non-European to
years, aside from seeking
as showcase members, the
interest in totting up
committees and international
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become a leader of the organization, Romesh Chandra
(India), a longtime member of the Indian Communist
Party and a member of the Party's Central Committee,
was elected secretary general of the Presidential
Committee in 1966 and has remained in the post since
that time. As secretary general he also presides over
the Secretariat. He is at present, to all intents
and purposes, the most prominent individual within the
WPC. He is also the driving force behind the recent
broadening of the WPC's base to include a large number
of non-Communist organizations as participants in
joint activities, if not as outright WPC members.
Principles and Aims of the WPC
The principles and aims of the movement were re-
affirmed at the "World Peace Assembly" held in Budapest
in mid-May 1971: prohibition of all weapons of mass
destruction and ending of the arms drive; abolition
of foreign military bases; general, simultaneous, and
controlled disarmament; elimination of all forms of
colonialism and racial discrimination; respect for the
right of the peoples to sovereignty and independence;
respect for the territorial integrity of states; non-
interference in the internal affairs of nations; peaceful
coexistence; replacement of the policy of force by that
of negotiations for the settlement of differences between
nations.
In fact, these precepts express a new Soviet-
formulated concensus reached after ten years of problems,
internal dissent, and confusion within the Communist
"peace" movement--problems that arose initially after
the 1957 conference of Communist parties, when a renewal
of the aggressive drive for power of international
Communism, directed primarily at the underdeveloped
nations, was launched. For its work in the advanced
countries, the peace movement is able to concentrate on
mobilizing sentiment in favor of disarmament and detente
and generating sympathy for the specific formulas and
proposals of these topics put forward by the USSR. Its
objective is, essentially, to generate political pressure
at the national level to oblige non-Communist governments
to support or, at a minimum, to acquiesce before Soviet
demands and preconditions.
In the underdeveloped areas of the world, the peace
movement now is to serve the USSR by working for local
acceptance of Soviet formulas for resolving international
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conflicts. It can also help the expansion of Soviet
influence by "proving" the continuing Soviet commitment
to anti-imperialist solidarity with local regimes.
It can thus work against both local anti-Communist
forces and the efforts of the Chinese and their allies
to discredit and supplant Soviet influence in the
underdeveloped world.
In application, these principles and aims have
resulted in the WPC wholeheartedly defending the
policies of the Soviet Union and attacking those of
the Western powers or other countries whose policies
are out of step with those of the USSR. The WPC never
fails to denounce Western "colonialism," yet Soviet
colonialism is never mentioned; nuclear weapons tests
by the West are always condemned, while those carried
out by the Soviet Union either are ignored or lightly
"regretted" and justified on the grounds that they are
necessary to counter threats posed by the West;
military maneuvers by Western countries or by NATO
forces are described as "warmongering," while similar
activities by the Soviet Union and Bloc countries are
labeled "peacekeeping"; the WPC demands withdrawal
of United States naval forces from the Mediterranean,
but makes no mention of Soviet naval forces there; and
so on.
The main tactical problem of the WPC during the
past ten years arose from a fundamental dilemma:
Should the "struggle for peace" concentrate primarily
on exploiting fear of war and general pacifis
sentiment; or should it be more "positive," and direct
its efforts primarily at exploiting those, both in the
advanced and underdeveloped countries, who are opposed
to their existing governments and are willing to work
to overthrow or change them drastically?
For a number of years the Soviets made an effort
to avoid this dilemma by supporting, alongside the peace
movement, a parallel organization--the Afro-Asian Peoples
Solidarity Organization (AAPSO)--which could, in
coordination with the WPC, carry much of the burden of
the aggressive, "positive" campaign to mobilize national
liberation forces in support of Communist peace struggle
initiatives. This effort, so far, has produced only
modest successes, both because of Chinese resistance and
of the Soviets' inability to control other key elements
(e.g., Indonesia, Algeria, the U R) with which they were
working in the Peoples Solidarity program.
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It is possible that, as far as the peace struggle
strategy of the USSR is concerned, the unexplained
name change of the WPC between the mid-1950's and
1971 reflects a desire to create the image of a
universal organization concerned with certain specific
"peace" issues, in contrast with an organization generally
concerned with "world peace." The reversion to the
original title did, in fact, take place at a time when
the CPSU, in preparing for its 24th Congress, had made
clear its desire to pursue its objectives throughout
the world primarily through subversion and political
struggle rather than through armed struggle.
In spite of its attempts to ensnare genuine
pacifists, neither the WPC nor its Communist leaders
have ever had anything but contempt for real pacifism.
The Hungarian paper Magyar Nemzet in an editorial on
16 July 1952 headed "Pac1Jis ccannot be tolerated within
the Peace Movement" put the position clearly: "The
Soviet Union is the most significant power for peace,
which is only denied by the warmongers. We cannot
tolerate within the Peace Movement any symptoms of
detrimental pacifism.... The military strength of the
Soviet Union and the People's Democracies is an
important factor in the defense of peace."
Principal Activities of the WPC
The principal activity of the WPC has been to
organize worldwide propaganda campaigns, coordinated
on a regional basis by national peace committees and
often involving the mass collection of signatures to
support appeals. In addition, regional and national
campaigns are launched or cosponsored by individual peace
committees. In recent years, the WPC has made extensive
use of a device that has been quite effective in
stimulating support for its goals at the grass roots level,
particularly in the underdeveloped areas?--the sending of
small delegations of top-level WPC activists from the
WPC Headquarters in Helsinki to various :Locations around
the world. The visits of the delegations serve to lend
prestige to the activities of the national peace committees
and also ensure that the Soviet-inspired "line" that the
WPC propagates gets instilled at the grass roots level.
The WPC has organized nine large-scale "peace
congresses" since its inception: the First World Peace
Congress (Paris and Prague, April 1949); the Second World
Peace Congress (Warsaw, November 1950); the Congress of the
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Peoples for Peace (Vienna, December 1952); the World
Peace Assembly (Helsinki, June 1955); the Congress
for Disarmament and International Cooperation
(Stockholm, July 1958); the World Congress for
General Disarmament and Peace (Moscow, July 1962);
the World Congress for Peace, National Independence,
and Disarmament (Helsinki, July 1965); the World
Assembly of Peace Forces (East Berlin, June 1969);
and the World Peace Assembly (Budapest, May 1971).
The world peace congresses are stage-managed
affairs not intended to allow the delegates to discuss
the problems with which the organizations are supposedly
concerned. Rather, they are forums for propaganda and
political warfare, and recruiting grounds for the
Communist fronts. By designating these affairs world
conferences or congresses, the WPC seeks to focus the
maximum amount of attention on them and to create the
impression that the attendance is truly worldwide.
The sheer numbers and national diversity of those rep-
etitiously speaking out for peace can be impressive,
at least to the less sophisticated delegates, as a
display of Soviet ascendancy in the world Communist
movement. Thus, at the congresses, the illusion is one
of bustling activity, an international atmosphere, and
earnest representatives from countries around the world.
The periodic collection of signatures on a world-
wide basis, featuring "appeals" for peace couched in
simple language designed to win support for Communist
objectives, has been one of the more significant
propaganda techniques of the WPC, although it has been
used to a lesser degree in recent years. The first and
most spectacular of the signature collection campaigns
was the Stockholm Appeal, which was issued at a WPC
meeting in Stockholm in March 1950. It demanded the
banning of atomic weapons, (but did not mention other
forms of warfare). The Stockholm Appeal, circulated
in all parts of the world, was widely supported by
persons who believed it to be a genuine peace petition.
It was circulated during the time when the invasion
of the Republic of Korea by Soviet-trained and equipped
North Korean forces was in the planning stage. The
Appeal was still being circulated in North Korea when the
North Koreans began the invasion of South Korea in June
1950.
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The second signature collection campaign was the
Warsaw Appeal, which was launched from Warsaw in
November 1950 calling for the immediate convening of
a Five-Power Conference to settle current problems,
including the Korean War. Though 600 million sig-
natures were claimed, most of them came from Iron
Curtain countries.
The most notorious, and ultimately the most
discredited, of the signature collection campaigns
was launched by the WPC at a meeting in Oslo, Norway,
in March 1952--the "germ warfare" campaign. Aided
by such other Moscow-directed Communist fronts as the
International Association of Democratic Lawyers, the
Women's International Democratic Federation, and the
World Federation of Scientific Workers, the WPC flooded
the world with the grave accusation that the Americans
in Korea had been making use of bacteriological warfare
against the North Koreans. No independent confirmation
of these charges was ever produced, and no impartial
examination of "evidence" was ever allowed. In the end
the charges were exposed as a gigantic hoax. One
amusing sidelight of the hoax was the story told by a
returning American prisoner of war who, when confronted
by his captors with the "evidence" of a dead (and
"highly contaminated") grasshopper, allegedly killed
during a "germ warfare" barrage by American troops,
simply popped the grasshopper in his mouth and ate it.
Through its varied program of activities the WPC
has served as a coordinating body for the long-range
"peace" offensives that the Soviet Union has conducted
during the past 20 years. The mission of the WPC
appears to be to serve as a kind of super front for
sponsoring peace congresses and other world meetings in
which the themes of peace, easing of world tensions,
and disarmament--all themes that hold a universal appeal--
can be used to advance Soviet foreign policy aims.
One major project undertaken by the peace movement
as far back as 1951 merits note, if only because it has
little apparent relationship to the conventional
antimilitary or anti-imperialist issues usually dealt
with. This project was aimed at expanding Soviet economic
spheres of influence. It was keyed to the World
Economic Conference organized in Moscow in 1951, and
represented the last major initiative of the world peace
movement during the Stalin era. The project, "positive"
in its appeals, developed through the creation in many
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countries of "Committees on the Promotion of
International Trade." In virtually every instance
these committees were created around a group of
activists whose previous efforts had been centered
in the peace committees. In spite of subsequent
vigorous efforts by the USSR to exploit these
committees to promote trade between the underdeveloped
world and the Soviet Bloc, the attention of the peace
movement shifted to other topics soon thereafter, and
the campaign lost much of its momentum. It cannot
be excluded, however, that renewed initiatives along
these lines will be taken by the Soviets in the future.
The WPC, then, along with the other Communist
fronts, has played a large part in conditioning public
opinion in many parts of the world to accept Soviet
foreign policy statements at face value. When Soviet
disarmament proposals call for such measures as imme-
diate action on establishing nuclear-free areas and on
renouncing the employment of nuclear weapons, Communist
fronts create such a clamor about "peace" and "dis-
armament" that such proposals are rarely subjected to
dispassionate scrutiny in the mass media of the non-
Communist world.
In sum, the main thrust of all the WPC activities
is support for Soviet foreign policy objectives and
attacks on forces obstructing their attainment. The
United States is inevitably the chief whipping boy,
with secondary targets being NATO, the German Federal
Republic, Great Britain, Portugal, Spain, South Africa,
Nationalist China, Israel, and sometimes Greece and a
few other countries thrown in for good measure. The
choice of the nation assailed depends on the current
situation in world politics.
The WPC does not expect too much in the way of
immediate results from its constant flurry of worldwide
activity. Instead--and this reflects the typical
Marxist-Leninist view--the organization hopes for
long-term results. The world conferences are held only
about every three or four years. In between, continuing
propaganda can be fabricated from the reports and
resolutions of the preceding conference, while local and
regional meetings bring the activity down to the grass-
roots level.
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In spite of the fact that the WPC :Labels all its
activities as being undertaken in the cause of "peace,"
few genuine pacifists have been deceived by the
organization or its pronouncements. For those who
confuse the Communist-run "Peace Movement" with
pacifism, however, the Soviet Ministry of Defense issued
a pamphlet in March 1954 containing a clarification of
the Soviet usage of the term that is as appropriate and
timely today as it was then:
"Whilst carrying on a struggle for peace,
Communists are not, however, pacifists who
sign for peace and limit themselves to
propaganda for peace. They consider that in
order to remove the inevitability of wars it
is necessary to destroy imperialism.
Communists link the cause of peace with the
cause of the victory of the proletarian
revolution, considering that the surest
means of doing away with wars and establish-
ing permanent, just peace is the overthrow
of the power of the imperialistic bourgeoisie.
"The bourgeois-pacifist attitude towards
war, which stresses the 'horrors' of war and
inculcates hatred of all wars is alien to us.
Communists are against imperialistic wars as
being counter-revolutionary wars, but they
are in favor of liberating, anti-imperialist,
revolutionary wars."
("The Militarization of the
Countries of the North Atlantic
Bloc," by V. Cheprakov)
Though in subsequent years the CPSU under Nikita
Khrushchev made it clear that it infinitely preferred
to achieve its aims without war and that it is un-
willing to accept consciously the risk of general war,
it still remains committed in principle to ` ie idea that
some local wars are "just wars" and merit Communist
material as well as moral support. Nowhere is this more
apparent than in the case of Vietnam.
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MAJOR CAMPAIGNS IN RECENT YEARS
The WPC's major campaigns in recent years have
followed a fairly predictable pattern: a multitude of
worldwide and regional actions in support of North
Vietnam and against "U.S. aggression"; support of the
struggle of the peoples of Africa, Asia, and Latin
America for national independence; support for the
Arabs and all-out opposition to the Israelis in the
Middle East conflict; actions for "European security"
and for disarmament. Much of the activity with respect
-to these campaigns has been repetitive from year to year,
with all WPC-organized conferences issuing as standard
fare "resolutions" on these and other topics that
follow the Soviet propaganda line. The WPC generally
attempts to bring other international Communist front
organizations into these activities, and most of the
other front organizations are represented in the
membership of the WPC. Increasingly, the WPC attempts
to utilize the cooperation of religious or related lay
organizations and personalities as a mantle of respect-
ability for their own anti-Vietnam and anti-NATO
activities. This technique has been evident since the
large World Conference on Vietnam held in Stockholm in
July 1967, at which at least eight non-Communist
organizations, several with religious overtones and
European and international representation, were the
ostensible sponsors. The conference was run by the
secretary general of the WPC, the "silent partner"
co-sponsor.
At the time the Vietnam conflict became a major
international issue, the WPC was at a low ebb, its
meetings disrupted when they became forums for pursuit
of the Sino-Soviet dispute, its activities discredited
in many circles for too obvious bias in favor of the
Soviet Union. The Vietnam conflict gave the WPC a new
lease on life. The WPC has sought from the beginning of
that conflict to be in the vanguard in fusing the dis-
parate groups that concerned themselves with achieving
peace in Vietnam in an effort to make sure they all
concentrated on propagating the Soviet-North Vietnamese
line.
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By the mid-1960's the WPC's main propaganda theme
had become "U.S. aggression in Vietnam," and an enormous
amount of effort was devoted to whipping up anti-
American sentiment over this issue. However, because
the activists involved in the Vietnam issue are so
disparate, the WPC has not been entirely successful in
its aim of molding the groups into a unified force that
could be counted on to espouse the Soviet cause.
The WPC has convened a large number of its meetings
on Vietnam in Stockholm, which has held particular
appeal because there is less difficulty in obtaining
visas for delegates there than in other countries.
Furthermore, as a neutral country, the propaganda value
has been greater than for a meeting held in a Bloc
country. The WPC Presidential Committee held a special
meeting on Vietnam in April 1965 at which a resolution
was unanimously adopted condemning the "criminal action
of the U.S. forces" and calling on all democratic
organizations fighting for peace to extend the "move-
ment for the liberation of South Vietnam." In spite
of the "unanimous" resolution, newspaper coverage of the
meeting reported stormy quarrelling between the Soviet
and Chinese delegations and also controversy between
the two Vietnamese delegations over the wording of the
resolution.
Early in 1967 a group of Swedish activists announced
plans for a "World Conference on Vietnam" to be held in
Stockholm in July. The initial promoters of the conference
were a Swedish leftist, Bertil Svahnstrom, and the
Communist-influenced Swedish Peace and Arbitration
Society (SPAS), a Swedish peace organization formed in the
1880's of which Svahnstrom is a leading member. The
conference was to take place under the titular auspices
of the SPAS, with a number of other international peace
organizations participating. At the meeting of the WPC
Presidential Committee held in Prague in late February
of that year, considerable importance was attached to the
Stockholm conference, and in March Romesh Chandra announced
that Vietnam would be virtually the sole focus of attention
for the WPC over the next few months. As time went on,
it became evident that the WPC wanted to seize the
initiative for the Stockholm conference from the non-
aligned, leftist-pacifist sponsors and supporters.
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The Stockholm World Conference on Vietnam took
place in July with seven officially-listed WPC delegates
in attendance plus another 37 WPC members who were
officially representing other organizations. The meeting
was largely taken over by the WPC, with Chandra assuming
a key role in organizational and publicity work for the
ostensibly nonaligned conference. There was widespread
dissatisfaction on the part of the nonaligned delegates
over the manner in which the steering committee yielded
to pressures from the WPC, since these delegates felt
this would create the impression the conference was
Communist-dominated.
In a letter broadcast by Moscow Radio shortly after
the July Stockholm conference, Chandra wrote that it was
"unanimously agreed" that the conference had been an
overwhelming success, and that it had "opened new per-
spectives for the peace movement in the whole world"
inasmuch as it showed that a meeting of different peace
groups "has the power to exercise an influence on the
large areas of opinion which have not until now entered
into the movement." Chandra admitted in the same letter
that "certain suspicions and hostilities prevented that
coordination and unity of action among these inter-
nationals" that had become "so vital and so necessary
in the light of the continuous intensification of the
aggressive activities of the United States and other
governments."
By agreement of the delegates, the conference was
constituted as a permanent body with a Continuing
Committee, which in early 1968 was redesignated the
International Liaison Committee (ILC) of the Stockholm
Conference on Vietnam. Svahnstrom was made the chairman
of the ILC, and Romesh Chandra and Aleksandr Berkov, both
of the WPC, were made members of the ILC.
In the years since 1968 the ILC/Stockholm Conference
has proved to be a useful tool to the North Vietnamese in
enabling them to establish and maintain direct contact
with a large number of local antiwar groups, including
Americans, from all sectors of the political-social
spectrum. It has been effective also in propagating the
North Vietnamese position on matters relating to the war
in Vietnam, so the North Vietnamese are eager to keep the
organization alive. But as the general public's interest
in the Vietnam conflict wanes, the ILC/Stockholm
Conference has begun to lose its effectiveness. It has
been plagued with internal dissensions, with Chandra and
Svahnstrom, in particular, often at odds over how to plan
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and handle meetings. Berkov, a Soviet citizen who is
on the Secretariat of the WPC, appears to be the
individual who supplies the major funds for the ILC
(as well as for the WPC) and who thus has the deciding
voice in how both the ILC and the Stockholm Conference
are run. However, he actually seems to have little
understanding of how international propaganda con-
ferences should be organized or of how best to exploit
the groups to Soviet advantage.
In spite of these problems, the ILC has continued
to try to exploit the Vietnam issue, although with
decreasing success. In late 1970, for example, a sixth
"International Conference on Vietnam" was held in
Stockholm. (Even though the fiction of independence
from the WPC was maintained, WPC manipulation was
evident and, in a letter to the national peace
committees in June, the WPC said it was responsible
for organizing the major part of the preparatory work
for the sixth conference.) But by the time the sixth
conference was concluded it was becoming generally
apparent that the Vietnam issue was running out of steam.
During the conference Svahnstrom spoke of the growing
difficulty of rallying opposition to President Nixon's
Vietnam policy in the United States and Europe. He
complained that the Vietnam protest movement was weaker
than it had been a few years previously, saying it was
difficult to recruit people to demonstrate in the
United States and elsewhere.
The most recent event staged by the ILC/Stockholm
Conference was a "War Crimes Tribunal" ("Second Session
of the International Commission of Enquiry into U.S.
Crimes in Indochina") that was convened in Oslo in late
June 1971. It turned into a fiasco when the Soviets sent
as their chief representative to the tribunal the Soviet
Supreme Court judge, Lev Smirnov, the man who sentenced
Soviet authors Sinyavskiy and Daniel to long terms in
forced labor camps. Smirnov's presence at the tribunal
was heavily criticized in the newspapers to the almost
total exclusion of other aspects of the tribunal.
The ILC has been trying for some time to convene an
international labor union conference on Vietnam to rebuild
some steam over the Vietnam issue, but so far its efforts
have met with little success. At the insistence of the
North Vietnamese, the ILC is going ahead with plans to
organize a new large meeting on Vietnam, to be held some
time early in 1972, possibly in Paris, since the people in
Stockholm are exhibiting increased boredom with such meetings.
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European Security
For a number of years an item high on the Soviet's
list of priorities in the realm of international
politics has been the convening of a Conference on
European Security (CES) at the governmental level.
"Security" is a goal all European states want--indeed,
the whole world wants it. But "security" for whom?
What the Soviets want to achieve through such a con-
ference is acceptance of the status quo in Europe,
(meaning, in particular, the maintenance of Soviet hege-
mony over East Europe), the dissolution of NATO, the
removal of the United States presence in Europe, and the
envelopment of West Germany within the Soviet economic
and political sphere--all of which would provide excellent
security for the USSR, but for no other country. As soon
as the Kremlin took up the call for a CES, the item appeared
on the agenda of the WPC, and it has stayed there ever since.
The tactic that the WPC leadership pursues in attempting
to promote the Soviet-backed CES at a governmental level is
to try to generate grass-roots support for a non-governmental
"Peoples' Conference on European Security." If the WPC is
successful in whipping up enough enthusiasm to convene such
a conference at the non-governmental level, the WPC leaders
then hope the delegates to the conference could be per-
suaded to bring pressure to bear on their own governments
to convene the government-level CES.
Since at least the mid-1960's, European security has
been a top item on the WPC's agenda, second only to the
Vietnam issue in priority. Almost without exception, large
conferences that the WPC has sponsored in recent years
have included among resolutions issued at the end of the
conference an item on the need to convene a CES. In 1967
the WPC went all-out in an effort to organize a CES to
precede the twentieth anniversary of the NATO treaty in
1969. At a late October 1967 meeting of the WPC Presi-
dential Committee in Leningrad, Chandra said that the
CES should be approached and organized in the "spirit of
the Stockholm Conference on Vietnam," adding that the
conference of European peoples could be a "real platform"
embracing the forces in Europe with the greatest influence--
Socialists, Christians, Communists, trade unionists,
pacifists--both organizations and individuals. However,
the WPC's efforts to organize the peoples' conference
failed because of difficulties in enlisting "respectable"
non-Communist sponsorship.
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In 1968 the WPC continued its campaign to rally
support for a CES. Typically, an editorial in the
No. 2, 1968, issue of the WPC publication Perspectives
stressed that the WPC supported the idea of a ro`a -
conference of public opinion for security and
cooperation in Europe."
The WPC staged a broad-based meeting in Brussels
in mid-May,1968 to prepare the "first stages of a
conference on European problems of security and
cooperation" that would be convened in late 1968 or
early 1969 in Vienna and would gather representatives
from all the social, political, and intellectual forces
of all the European countries. A resolution adopted
at this meeting moved to convene another preparatory
meeting at which personalities from all European
countries would be invited to be present. Maurice
Lambilliotte, director of the Belgian review
Syntheses, was named to head the preparatory committee.
In early December, the second preparatory meeting
"for the Conference on European Security and Cooperation
to be held in Vienna in October 1969" was held in Vienna.
Only 50 of the 100 people invited to this meeting attended.
Only one Englishman out of eleven expected came, only one
West German, none of the five Swiss, nor those from
Denmark, Holland, Luxembourg, or Norway, and no repre-
sentatives of the non-Communist international peace
organizations.
The proponents of the conference continued to
encounter lack of enthusiasm in many quarters. The
conference finally was convened in late November,
presided over by Lambilliotte, who was assisted by Canon
Raymond Goor, a fellow Belgian and a WPC member. The
organizers of the conference insisted that the initiative
for the conference was not Communist. However, the hand
of the WPC in organizing it was evident from the first.
Of the 300 delegates, about a third were "professing
Communists," the remainder consisting of leftwing
Socialists, professional "freedom-fighters" and credulous
fellow-travelers. The international organizations that
sent representatives were mostly the Communist front
organizations.
In spite of continued lukewarm response to the call
for a CES, the WPC continues to include this as a
priority item on the agenda of all important WPC meetings.
The most recent of these, the Budapest World Peace
Assembly held in mid-May 1971, broke down the work of the
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four.-day session into six committees dealing with:
Indochina, the Middle East, European security, the
struggle against racism, curbing the arms race, and
the struggle against neo-colonialism. The assembly
ended with the adoption of a manifesto that called for
a world disarmament conference, supported a proposal
for a conference of the five atomic powers, and proposed
creation of a European security and cooperation system
based on recognition of post-war boundaries (which is
precisely what the USSR wants). The manifesto de-
scription of the State-of-the-World in 1971 was a
recitation of the views that the United States and its
clients are the only barriers to peace and prosperity
for mankind.
Disarmament
The WPC position on disarmament also follows
closely that of the Soviet Union, and most WPC-
sponsored meetings include a statement on disarmament
in resolutions adopted at the meetings. General
disarmament now has taken on highly emotional overtones.
Herein undoubtedly lies a significant part of the
importance of the WPC (and the other Communist fronts
as well) as an auxiliary of Soviet foreign policy. The
WPC specializes in emotional appeals. Unhampered by
the necessity of subjecting Soviet disarmament proposals
to careful examination, the WPC can direct the variations
on the "threat of a nuclear war," the reduction of
"international tension," increased "confidence among
states," the "establishment of de-nuclearized zones,"
the prevention of the "spread of nuclear weapons," and
the "renunciation of nuclear weapons"--all phrases that,
combined with "peace" and "peaceful coexistence" are
reiterated endlessly, expanded upon, and given a local
coloration by the WPC and the other Communist fronts
throughout the world. All international Communist fronts
advocate unverified disarmament along the lines of the
disarmament proposals advanced by Soviet foreign policy
spokesmen. The WPC has been the most vociferous of the
fronts, but often the WPC proposals are made with some
tie--in with the other fronts.
The WPC relies not so much on the hope of immediate
response to Soviet foreign policy overtures as on the
Pavlovian conditioning process. Gradually, month after
month and year after year, the patient reiteration by the
WPC and the other front organizations of the Soviet line
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on disarmament obscures for many segments of opinion
in the non-Communist world the need to examine Soviet
proposals critically. Hence, pressure is generated
on the Western democracies to retreat more and more
from demands that true disarmament can take place only
through an elaborate check-and-balance system of
inspection.
The Middle East, Latin America, and Africa
The Middle East conflict has occupied a place on
the agenda of most WPC-sponsored conferences since the
six-day war erupted in the Middle East in June 1967.
Although resolutions adopted at the conferences reflect
the pro-Arab bias of the Soviets, the Middle East
sometimes has been a thorny problem for WPC meetings to
tackle. When the WPC Presidential Committee met in
Leningrad in October of that year, the Middle East
situation was a topic of considerable discussion and
controversy. Although all final decisions made at the
conclusion of that meeting were claimed to be unanimous,
there were admitted differences of opinion on the
Middle East. Nevertheless, the WPC leadership managed
to suppress opposition when the final statements and
resolutions were published. The statement on the Middle
East deplored the "Israeli aggression on 5 June, inspired
and encouraged by the USA, Britain, and the German
Federal Republic," and said it is "likely to serve NATO
plans as a model for Europe and falls within the global
strategy of the USA... We call on all organizations and
groups standing for peace to send representatives to Arab
countries in order to acquaint themselves with the prob-
lems facing these countries in connection with Israeli
aggression... The Presidential Committee of the WPC
calls on all peace forces to launch a world campaign for
the immediate withdrawal of Israeli troops from the
occupied territories..." Statements on the Middle East
issued by the WPC at its conferences since 1967 have all
reflected a similar propaganda line.
The WPC has for years aimed statements decrying
"anticolonialism" and "neocolonialism" at the under-
developed countries in Latin America and Africa, referring
invariably to the "anticolonialism" of the West and never
to that of the USSR. However, WPC attempts to spread its
influence in Latin America have not been notably successful.
A major reason for the WPC failure in Latin America prob-
ably has been the Cuban domination of regional meetings
held in Latin America and the seizure by Cuba of control
of most regional organizations that have been set up.
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If the WPC generally has failed in Latin America,
it has had greater success in Africa, especially in
forging closer ties with AAPSO. Prior to 1967,
AAPSO was a prime battleground for the Sino-Soviet
conflict, but when the Chinese Communists withdrew
from AAPSO in 1967 the organization became for all
intents and purposes a Soviet-controlled front.
In recent years the WPC has managed to assume a
certain degree of leadership within AAPSO, thus enabling
it to influence AAPSO policy and reach audiences other-
wise unreachable by Bloc parties and/or by Communist
parties outside the Bloc. AAPSO propaganda has recently
mirrored WPC policy, not only by emphasizing the "just"
wars being waged by the still dependent African countries
against the colonial and white redoubt powers but also
by stressing the equal culpability of the NATO members
who assist those powers.
A three-man delegation headed by Romesh Chandra
represented the WPC at the AAPSO Council meeting in
Nicosia in mid-February 1967, at which a resolution
was approved expressing the support of the Afro-Asian
peoples for a "Conference of Solidarity with the Portu-
guese Colonies, Zimbabwe, Southwest Africa, and South
Africa" to be sponsored by the WPC. Chandra attended
the tenth anniversary celebrations of AAPSO held in
Cairo in late December of that year. A joint statement
issued following talks with AAPSO Secretary General
Yusuf Al-Sibai "affirmed the importance of increasing
and developing solidarity and unity among all revolution-
ary and anti-imperialist forces, in view of the deteri-
orating international situation in Africa and Asia,
resulting from a stronger world imperialist strategy."
In April 1968 a delegation of the Soviet Afro-Asian
Solidarity Committee met with Al-Sibai in Cairo to discuss
arrangements for the date and place of the WPC-sponsored
"Conference of Solidarity." Following this meeting it was
announced that the WPC and AAPSO had decided to hold the
conference in June in Conakry, Guinea, but it was later
postponed to January 1969, with the site of the meeting
changed to Khartoum, Sudan. Khalid Muhyi al-Din, of
Egypt, a WPC Presidential Committee member, was appointed
chairman of the preparatory committee, whose sponsors, in
addition to the WPC and AAPSO, had been expanded to include
a number of "liberation movements" in the area. The
conference was finally held in Khartoum in late January
1969, with more than 200 delegates representing 50 countries
attending.
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In mid-December 1969 the WPC Presidential
Committee held a meeting in Khartoum--the first time
the Presidential Committee had ever met in Africa.
There were 98 participants from 30 countries. The
usual themes on Vietnam, national liberation movements,
and European security were the main subjects for
discussion. In June 1970, a joint WPC-AAPSO "Conference
in Support of the Peoples of the Portuguese Colonies"
was held in Rome. The delegates condemned the "colonial
war" allegedly being conducted by Portugal with the aid
of NATO countries. Delegates from 177 national and
international organizations in 64 countries attended
the conference.
The Ninth Council session of AAPSO was held in
Tripoli in November 1970, with relatively heavy WPC
participation; the Fifth AAPSO Conference is scheduled
to be held in Cairo in January 1972, and it is antici-
pated that the WPC will be well represented at that
meeting also.
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ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS
As noted earlier, there are three leading bodies
in the WPC--the Council itself, the Presidential
Committee, and the Secretariat. Although in theory
the Council elects the Presidential Committee and
the Presidential Committee elects the Secretariat,
such "elections" are purely ceremonial and, in fact,
each of the three bodies operates relatively inde-
pendently of one another.
The crucial control element in the WPC is that
small group in the organization's leadership that
provides continuity in the day-to-day administration
of the organization. This group is centered in the
Secretariat, under the direction of Romesh Chandra.
The Secretariat is not responsible to the Council;
if individuals or groups within the WPC membership
are unhappy with the way Chandra manages its affairs--
and this often happens--there is no mechanism whereby
they may ensure their views will be taken into account
and given proper weight when decisions are made on
behalf of the WPC.
Finances
While the WPC never publishes a financial state-
ment and few details about its finances are available,
finances do not generally appear to be a serious
problem for the WPC. The operational expenses of the
small group that controls the WPC are quite modest,
wholly carried by the Soviets. The various national
peace committees are supposed to contribute funds to
defray expenses of the WPC, and it is evident that
even those small sums contributed by these committees
are controlled by the Soviets.
A "World Peace Fund" was established in 1961
with a bank account in Stockholm; a new office of this
"Fund" was set up in 1966 in Helsinki. The Fund
allegedly was set up to organize money-raising activities
on behalf of the WPC. Funds were to be gathered by
arranging for lotteries and international bazaars,
by asking painters and writers for authorization to
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sell their works in the "cause of peace," and by
outright solicitation from individuals in different
countries, especially in ecclesiastical circles.
However, little has been heard of the Fund since
1966, and it is doubtful that it actually contributes
much to the financial assets of the WPC. It may well
be that the World Peace Fund was designed simply to
camouflage for friend and foe alike the major Soviet
funding channel to the WPC, and perhaps to instill a
feeling of active (monetary) support to the peace
movement from individuals and organizations, especially
from the "third world."
Large-scale congresses and conferences organized
by the WPC do cost a good deal of money, and the deficits
that occur are made up by the Soviet Union. It is
interesting to note that the question of how these
meetings are financed seldom comes up during the
conferences. The Soviets often subsidize travel costs
of delegates to WPC meetings, for which they expect
a quid pro quo for money expended, that is, that the
delegates thus subsidized will hew to the Soviet line.
Sometimes the package is sweetened with paid vacations
in the USSR before or after the WPC meeting. As an
example, invitations were extended from the Soviet
Afro-Asian Solidarity Organization to selected
individuals to spend two weeks in Moscow as Soviet
guests following the mid-December 1968 Stockholm World
Conference on Vietnam. This would allow these individuals
to defray at least partial travel expenses. One person
the Soviets apparently wanted at Stockholm for prestige
purposes was Indian Justice H. R. Gokhale. Romesh Chandra
had asked Justice Gokhale to lead a four-member Indian
delegation to Stockholm and then go on to Moscow.
Gokhale had to turn down the Stockholm invitation because
he had cases at the Supreme Court on those dates, but
he expressed an interest in the Moscow invitation.
However, he found this invitation was withdrawn unless
he would attend the Stockholm conference first.
The Soviets also foot the bill for the WPC publications.
These presently include (1) an eight-page magazine
called Peace Courier, the first issue of which appeared
in September 1970, and which is published rather
irregularly but more or less on a monthly basis, and
(2) a much larger monthly magazine called New Perspectives,
which made its first appearance in June :L971. The first
two issues of New Perspectives have run to around 100
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pages; the publication is printed on slick paper
basically in black and white, but an attempt is made
to give the magazine a more lively appearance by lavish
use of additional colors (blue and orange) in subheadings,
inserts, and cover pages. While the magazine indicated
it hoped that contributors "would represent the widest
spectrum of public opinion," of the 26 contributors to
the first issue, 18 are members of international
Communist front organizations or of the "International
Commission of Inquiry into U.S. War Crimes in Vietnam,"
a body that was set up by the WPC-dominated Stockholm
World Conference on Vietnam. The new publication is
an ambitious undertaking and will undoubtedly entail
a sizeable subsidy from the Soviets to keep it going.
According to the rules and regulations of the
WPC that were in effect for a number of years, the
method of financing the organization was stated in
vague and general terms: "The finances of the WPC are
collected through contributions from national peace
committees, donations to the World Peace Fund, and
collections made for special activities." At the meeting
of the WPC Presidential Committee during the May 1971
Budapest World Peace Assembly, the regulations regarding
financing were changed. Under the new regulations,
every national organization, movement, or group and
every individual member of the WPC must make an annual
contribution to the funds of the WPC. However, the
regulations left the amount of the annual contribution
to the discretion of the organizations and individuals
"in accordance with their possibilities," so it is
unlikely that this new funding regulation will augment
the finances of the WPC to any significant degree. It
is not likely, either, that the WPC would consider
excluding any individual or group from membership
because of nonpayment of dues.
Soviet Control Mechanisms
Soviet control over the WPC's purse strings is a
primary mechanism for control of the organization's
activities. Specific details of the funding channels
used by the Soviets are lacking, but it can be postu-
lated that the top leadership of the WPC is involved,
particularly in the person of the secretary general,
Romesh Chandra, who is fully responsive to Moscow's
direction. Since he is the individual most directly
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involved in the administration of the WPC's activities,
it is obviously vital to the Soviets that they control
him. It is noteworthy that when Chandra travels to
a WPC meeting anywhere around the world he invariably
stops off in Moscow, either immediately before or after
the meeting, for "consultations." Aside from whatever
directives Chandra receives from Moscow during his
frequent visits there, he is under the day-to-day
direction of the man in the WPC who evidently exercises
the behind-the-scenes control over the organization:
Aleksandr Berkov, the most important Soviet personality
in the WPC and a member of the WPC Secretariat. More
than once, Berkov has been known to overrule Chandra's
decisions with respect to meetings Chandra is to attend
or activities he is to pursue, and in terms that brook
no argument.
Because Berkov appears to be a key man in the WPC,
he warrants a certain amount of attention. In addition
to being a member of the WPC Secretariat, he is a member
of the ILC, and he apparently spends fully as much
time in Stockholm working on Vietnam activities as he
does in Helsinki dealing with WPC matters. However,
he does not appear to be substantively involved in the
detailed planning of WPC and ILC activities; rather,
he seems to be the man who passes the orders down from
Moscow on what meetings are to be held and where.
Furthermore, as noted previously, it is apparent that
he has a direct hand in funding aspects of both the WPC
and the ILC, and he is often responsible for arranging
free air travel for delegates to various meetings. As
with Chandra, Berkov travels frequently, with Moscow a
stopover on almost all trips.
Berkov is a shadowy figure who first appeared
abroad in 1965, at the age of 42, as a Soviet Peace
Committee apparatchik. No information is available
about his background prior to that time. It is possible
he was a Communist Party functionary, and he appears
to have had some background in journalism. One
individual described him as a professor of some sort.
Berkov clearly is not a desk-bound front group
functionary, and does not appear to be a peace front
expert. He seems to be ignorant about many organizations
and personalities that a front apparatchik should know
all about. Because he has remained in the background
in WPC meetings, little attention has been focused on
Berkov. As the man who probably represents the key
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control element in both the WPC and the ILC, it is
highly likely that he is a Soviet agent, probably
under the direction of the CPSU. More information
about him and his activities is needed.
Although key men in the WPC such as Berkov and
Chandra can be relied on by the Soviets to do their
bidding, the administrative structure of the WPC
provides additional guarantees of control by handpicked
pro-Soviet Communists and leftists. New members of
the Council are selected from nominations submitted
in advance by the national peace committees in the
different countries. The national peace committees,
in turn, have been set up as local Communist fronts,
generally with the assistance of the WPC, with care
being taken that the leaders of the peace committees
are responsive to Soviet direction.
Within the WPC itself, the organization tries to
bring into its fold a certain number of prestigious
non-Communist figures to provide a facade of independence
and nonalignment as do the national peace committees
as well. A glance at the membership list attached
as Appendix B, however, shows that the major portion
of the individuals affiliated with the WPC are active
in Communist affairs in their own countries, and many
are also active in the national peace committees in
their own countries. In all cases, the Communist
members of the WPC belong to pro-Soviet groups within
their own parties.
When "elections" for members of the Presidential
Committee are held, each new candidate's name is
carefully screened by the WPC leadership in advance.
Except when someone resigns, however, or when the
Committee is enlarged, as it was in May 1971, there is
seldom much change in the membership of the Presidential
Committee. Lack of adherence to any truly democratic
standards in elections in the WPC is illustrated by the
unsuccessful attempt by the leaders of the Spanish
Communist Party in exile (PCE) at the May 1971 Budapest
World Peace Assembly to remove as their representative
on the Presidential Committee a man no longer acceptable
to them. This man is Enrique Lister Forjan, a dissident
Communist who had been expelled from the PCE. Lister,
who fought in the Spanish Civil War and is known as
the "Red General," is believed to be a Soviet citizen
and reportedly lives on a Soviet pension. He has hewed
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to the Soviet line on the 1968 Soviet invasion of
Czechoslovakia, whereas the PCE has adopted a position
critical of the Soviet Union on the Czechoslovak
issue. This is a main bone of contention between
the PCE and Lister. The official Spanish delegation
to the Budapest assembly, which had the blessing of
the PCE, was led by Lenin Peace Prize holder Rafael
Alberti. Lister, a longtime resident of Cuba who
probably lives in Paris at present, arrived in Budapest
with a small group of followers representing a dissident
faction of the PCE that is considerably smaller than
the official PCE.
The Alberti delegation nominated several people
for membership in the WPC, including a man they
proposed as replacement for Lister on the WPC
Presidential Committee. However, the nominees were
all rejected by the Soviet-dominated leadership of
the WPC. As a result, Alberti and his delegation
walked out of the Budapest assembly, issuing a state-
ment denouncing the WPC leadership for refusing to
allow the delegation, which represented the majority
faction of the Spanish national peace committee, to
exert its sovereignty in nominating Spain's representatives
to the WPC and its Presidential Committee. The
statement noted that "The situation in which the
Spanish delegation found itself does not concern us
alone. It also affects the entire peace movement,
the complex nature of which makes it very important
that the principle of noninterference be effectively
respected. The violation of this principle is
damaging for the WPC since it goes against the
principles proclaimed by the WPC."
Adverse Effects of Soviet Control
By maintaining control over key individuals
within the WPC, the Soviets are in the driver's
seat at conferences where communiques are issued,
resolutions adopted, and decisions made about future
activities of the Council. The Soviets do not achieve
their objectives without generating a considerable.
amount of resentment and opposition. Nevertheless,
the pro-Soviet leaders are able to confine the
opposition, which is often quite vocal and pronounced,
to meetings of commissions and sub-commissions of
the conference sessions. Opposition views seldom
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find their way beyond the halls of these meeting
places, almost never into the large-scale gatherings
of the entire Council. The Council leadership strives
for adoption of all resolutions "unanimously," so
pro-Soviet leaders buttonhole dissenters in the
corridors or during sub-commission and commission
meetings to persuade them to change their views.
Dissenting views of those individuals who refuse to
be cowed are simply ignored when the final resolutions
are adopted.
A rare firsthand account of Communist maneuverings
at a WPC meeting was provided by a delegate who
attended the June 1969 World Assembly for Peace in
East Berlin. The delegate, Peggy Duff, general
secretary of the International Confederation of
Disarmament and Peace (ICDP) (a leftist but non-
Communist-led peace group), revealed her disenchantment
with the proceedings in an article in the 4 July 1969
issue of the British leftist weekly Tribune. (No
official report of the assembly was issued, and the
press conference that was to be held after the final
plenary session was called off because the "monolithic
unanimity" the pro-Soviet leaders of the assembly
desired had not been obtained.) Duff reported that
no vote was taken at the assembly on the final general
resolution, presumably because it was clear that a
significant number of delegates had decided to vote
against it. She remarked: "It will be interesting
to see whether the reports reflecting dissent only
briefly here and there will ever see the light of day
again. Certainly by the time I left they were not
available even for delegates."
Pointing out that the ICDP believes in the need
for dialogues between the WPC and independent peace
movements, she said the ICDP made its views clear in
a letter circulated beforehand to organizations and
individuals expected to attend the East Berlin assembly.
This stated: "It would seem absolutely unacceptable
that opposing principles should be applied to different
people, to different countries, to different continents.
What is true for the United States of America must be
true for the Soviet Union and vice versa. If we wish
to be respected, if we wish to be listened to, we have
to emphasize that the same principles of truth and
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justice, the same rights of self-determination,
must govern equally the relations between all nations,
great and small. National sovereignty must be
respected by all and in every case."
Standing orders adopted at the first plenary
session of the assembly guaranteed all participants
"complete freedom to express their views in any
commission, sub-commission or group of their choice"
and stated that reports "would reflect these
discussions, enumerate points in which agreement
had been reached and also contain those points on
which different points of view had been expressed."
Duff noted that while freedom of expression on
the commission certainly existed, though not always
without difficulty, "some of the reports either
minimized or omitted minority points of view."
The Czechoslovakia question was particularly
fresh on everyone's mind at the East Berlin assembly,
but Duff said she had the greatest difficulty in
getting to the rostrum when she wanted to raise this
question at one of the sub-commission meetings, even
though she had been given repeated assurances ahead
of time that she would be taken early. At a further
meeting of the sub-commission, a Soviet delegate put
his country's viewpoint "in a threatening and belligerent
30-minute speech" and a paragraph written by Duff for
the report, covering the views of the minority, was
rejected although it was supported by a number of
delegates. As the assembly went on, Duff said it
became increasingly difficult to get minority view-
points included in reports, with underhanded means
used to suppress them. Thus, for example, when a
minority group insisted that its wording be included
in a final report, as the rules explicitly stated it
should, the Soviet-backed majority would agree to do
so, but when the report was actually issued the
minority wording would be omitted.
Duff pointed out that the treatment of the press
was also unsatisfactory. The press was admitted to
plenary meetings, where the agendas had been set
and speeches prepared ahead of time, but banned from
commission and sub-commission meetings, where the
dissident views were expressed. "The result was that
journalists were starved of information about the
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commissions and had no opportunity to talk to
delegates. Press conferences, when they took place,
told them nothing of interest."
Duff noted that there are "individuals and some
organizations within the WPC anxious to liberalize
it as far as is possible within the straitjacket
of the Soviet face," but she sees three obstacles
in their path:
"Too many delegates and their organizations
are 'client states' of the Soviet Union
who bring prepared texts for their speeches
and are not interested in dialogue."
"While there has certainly been heated
discussion within the WPC on a number of
issues such as the Middle East and
Czechoslovakia, the arguments take place
behind closed doors and rarely reach
the press."
"The invasion of Czechoslovakia has
hardened the pressure for unity at all
costs, especially on public occasions
that are not restricted to Communist
parties."
Other non-committed leftists were voicing
their disillusionment with the WPC for its pro-Soviet
bias as early as the mid-1950's. On 4 February 1955
the British Methodist Church leader and leftwing
pacifist, Dr. Donald Soper, wrote in the Tribune:
"I am quite satisfied that the WPC and the British
Peace Committee, which is its typical representative,
are primarily organs of Russian propaganda. I would
want to discourage peace-lovers in England from
allowing themselves to become the well-meaning but
inevitable pawns of the Russian Party line, with its
insistence that war is the original sin of the
Western powers and that peace is the immaculate
conception of the Soviet Bloc."
Six weeks later, a telling criticism of the
WPC came out of Burma. New Light of Burma de-
clared on 18 March 1955: "A suspicious step
in the activities of the WPC is that all peace
movements blindly and unanimously support the
political ideology of the Communist countries ir-
respective of whether it is right or wrong.... The
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strangest fact of all is that all the conferences
held by the WPC unquestionably accept the policy
and program of the Soviet Communist Party and, what
is more, they disseminate propaganda on its behalf....
Another strange thing is that the Communist-dominated
WPC pronounces sweet phrases about peace on the one
hand while, on the other, it incites hatred and
animosity of the masses in various countries against
the states, systems, and individuals it dislikes.
Such an organization can never be regarded as the
hub of a peace movement."
The Role of the KGB
From time to time efforts have been made to
identify the role the KGB plays in front organizations
such as the WPC. While there may be individuals in
the WPC who function or have functioned as Soviet
agents, there is no evidence that the KGB has
recruited agents in the WPC solely on the basis of
their WPC membership, and it is not likely that the
KGB plays a role in controlling the actions WPC
members take on behalf of the WPC. Soviet control
over individual Communist members of the WPC probably
is exerted through Communist party channels in the
countries concerned and through the CPSU.
If the KGB currently plays a role in WPC
activities, it is probably limited to the role its
predecessor organization, the MVD, was reported by
a Soviet defector to have played in the mid-1950's--
using the WPC to collect intelligence on foreign
policies of the countries they represented. Even this
use probably is minimal today, since the KGB has better 25X1C3b1
channels for collecting such intelligence.
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25X1 C3b1
25X1 C3b1
The MVD was not directly represented within
the organizational framework of the WPC,
nor did MVD personnel, as a rule,
TASS correspondents in Vienna, made it their business
to talk to individual delegates to WPC sessions and
to squeeze out as much information as possible.
While the MVD was not interested in the meetings
and resolutions of the WPC, it focused its attention
on the present and future policies of the countries
represented. In case of need, the MVD might possibly
have used the WPC as a cover to send agents to Western
countries, although this would have been the exception
rather than the rule.
participate in WPC meetings. However, MVD officers,
including three who were under cover at the time as
said it is possible the leaders of
some delegations to the World Peace Congresses were
Soviet agents and had the task of steering the
meetings along the course most favorable to the
Soviet regime. Under normal circumstances, however,
the MVD probably avoided the recruitment of agents
among the members of such organizations. The
detection of a single agent would undoubtedly have
destroyed the "peace movement" as a useful international
instrument.
WPC Problems
While the WPC can tolerate a fair amount of
dissent within its ranks without losing control, the
disenchantment of people such as Peggy Duff, Donald
Soper, and the unidentified Burmese writer cited
earlier can and does generate adverse publicity, and
can cause disaffected members to leave the WPC. A
primary problem confronting the organization, then, is
how to attract non-Communist pacifist groups who are
sincerely working for peace and fuse them into a peace
movement that can at one and the same time be made
acceptable to the world as the major organization of
its kind and yet be kept wholly responsive to Soviet
guidance and control. The WPC professes to want to
include in its fold every individual, every national
or regional group, every national or international
organization taking part in the struggle for peace and
independence. It claims to seek cooperation with all
other peace organizations and forces and to welcome
participation of these organizations in common and
25X1 C3b1
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parallel activities. In practical terms this means
that the WPC increasingly has to open its conferences
and national gatherings not only to representatives of
other Communist fronts (an older practice) but also
to representatives of pacifist, neutralist, and non-
Communist international organizations.
With its special appeal to pacifists, intellectuals,
idealists, and the church-oriented, the WPC has been
most successful among all Communist fronts in
camouflaging its true nature and in winning non-
Communist members. But the fruits of its success
also contain the seeds of its most destructive
problems--the problems of keeping its variegated
membership in line.
The Sino-Soviet conflict was a severe problem
to the WPC that for many years accentuated the inherent
weaknesses within the organization, lessened outright
Soviet control, and reduced the WPC's effectiveness.
During the early 1960's, WPC meetings often were brought
to near chaos by the bitter wrangling between pro-
Chinese and pro-Soviet delegates, but this problem
subsided after the Chinese withdrew from the organization
in the mid-1960's.
An even more serious problem is the aftermath
of the invasion of Czechoslovakia by Warsaw Pact forces
in 1968. The WPC lost considerable stature in the eyes
of outsiders as well as many of its own members when
it refused to issue a condemnation of the Soviet Union
in 1956 after Soviet tanks had invaded Hungary, and
the invasion of Czechoslovakia dealt an even more
serious blow to the organization. Several of the national
peace committees came out in strong opposition of
the Warsaw Pact forces, and the Yugoslav League for
Peace, Independence, and Equality sent a letter to
the WPC in which it proposed that the WPC should
"launch a concrete action in favor of the victim of
intervention." There is no record that the WPC ever
acknowledged or responded to this appeal. The WPC
has sought to minimize the effects of the Czechoslovak
invasion by intensifying its attacks on NATO and
"neo-Nazism" and like themes that serve to divert
attention from Czechoslovakia. Nevertheless, the
matter still troubles the organization occasionally,
as witness the problems with the Spanish delegates to
the 1971 Budapest assembly (see page 31)..
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The WPC's activities have stimulated some
interest and support in Asia and Africa, where its
avowed aims of mobilizing the peoples of the world
in "defense of peace," of exposing "warmongers,"
and of bringing about a peaceful settlement of
international differences are not always recognized
as being a covert way of furthering the quite
different interests of the Soviet Union. On the
other hand, as representatives from the underdeveloped
areas become more active in the WPC they also find
cause for dissatisfaction with the organization.
They often feel they are inadequately represented
on committees and commissions; they believe there
should be less concern for prominent names and more
for practical regional work and conferences as
well as more direct discussions with national
organizations and more awareness of the many millions
who only recently began to speak for themselves.
Moreover, even within WPC ranks the fact is not
overlooked that some WPC "representatives" have
questionable influence or standing in their own
countries, that is, that they "represent" themselves,
more or less.
Reorganization and structural reform is a
perennial preoccupation of the WPC. Various WPC
committees have been examining this problem since the
early 1960's, but little or no progress has been
achieved, and it does not appear likely that any
real structural changes are in the offing. This
problem came to a head at the big WPC meeting of
1965, the World Congress for Peace, National Inde-
pendence, and Disarmament held in Helsinki in July
of that year, which brought together 1470 delegates
from 98 countries and 17 international organizations.
At this congress, Professor Bernal submitted his
resignation as chairman, at the same time submitting
a memorandum containing proposals for reform. It
had become clear that in order to attract other non-
aligned peace groups the WPC must acquire a less
pro-Soviet image, and that concessions would have to
be made to the affiliated national peace committees
that were demanding greater freedom of action and to
the Africans and Asians who were demanding bigger
representation on the WPC Presidential Committee and
Secretariat. A committee was then appointed to
investigate the matter of reform and report back to
the WPC within six months, but nothing ever came of
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this committee's efforts. A more or less permanent
WPC Structural Committee appears to have evolved.
Typical of the results of this committee's activities
is the report of its meeting in Budapest in mid-
September 1970. Romesh Chandra told reporters after
this meeting that the main point on the agenda had
been the need to extend the structural limits of
the peace movement to allow friendly organizations
to become more effectively involved than hitherto.
Many speakers at the meeting stressed a point that
had been made several times previously--that the
international peace movement should be based on
wider foundations.
In considering the question of structural
modernization, the WPC's dilemma continues to be
that if it wishes to portray itself successfully
as a genuine peace-making body and to work with
other organizations having similar aims it must become
organizationally democratic, financially independent,
and politically nonaligned. Its functions would then
be essentially to coordinate the activities of national
peace movements rather than to continue the current
practice of imposing on them policies framed in
Moscow. But such a transformation would mean the
WPC had lost its value to the Soviet Union--and
therefore its Soviet subsidies. Genuine reform could
thus lead to the WPC's extinction.
It should be noted that there are many people--
genuine pacifists--active in the world peace movement
who associate themselves with the WPC in full
recognition of the fact that the WPC is not an
impartial peace group, hoping to achieve, not the
extinction of the organization, but its reform into
the genuine article. They realize that the WPC has
a well-developed structure, a staff experienced in
organizing large international meetings, and a long
history of activity in the peace movement. They enter
into joint activities with the WPC with their eyes
open, hoping that they can make positive and constructive
use of the assets of the organization in the cause
of peace. These genuine pacifists are a constant
threat to the WPC leadership and to the viability of
the organization as an instrument of Soviet foreign
policy.
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CURRENT STATUS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE
While the Vietnam war gave the WPC a host of
exploitable issues that served to rescue the organization
from what might have become permanent oblivion, as
these issues recede into the background the WPC can
no longer rely on events in Indochina to provide
the impetus to keep it in the vanguard of the "peace
movement." Nevertheless, the WPC has been quick to
seize other exploitable issues and to ally itself
with organizations and causes that can enhance its
own stature.
A WPC delegation headed by Romesh Chandra
visited New York early in September 1971 to call
on United Nations Secretary General U Thant, a visit
that may have had as its main purpose the promotion
of the Soviet-backed international disarmament
conference. Reportedly, the conversations between
the WPC delegation and U Thant covered a broad range
of topics, lasted for two hours instead of the one
hour that had been scheduled, and the visit has
evaluated by the WPC delegation as highly successful.
U Thant is said to have spoken very highly of the WPC
and the world peace movement in general, and the WPC
delegation was so encouraged by his remarks that it
considered inviting him to affiliate in some form with
the organization when he leaves the United Nations.
The WPC, which is one of the non-governmental
organizations (NGO's) affiliated with the United Nations
Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
(UNESCO), has been pursuing an active role in UNESCO
in recent years. Relations between UNESCO and the
NGO's fall into three different categories according
to the nature of the cooperation between the organizations
and UNESCO, which may range from the purely informational
(Category C) to an active working relationship (Category A).
Until recently, the WPC had been associated with UNESCO
in Category C, but in May 1971 the UNESCO Executive
Board granted it Category B status. This gives the
WPC many rights and privileges it did not previously
enjoy, such as attendance at UNESCO meetings, financial
subsidies, the right to advise UNESCO on its program,
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and the receipt of UNESCO documentation. All of
this considerably enhances the international standing
of the WPC.
The WPC has been utilizing its status as an
NGO affiliated with UNESCO as yet another forum in
which to press for the international conference
on disarmament that the Soviets have been so actively
pursuing. The NGO's have their own Committee on
Disarmament, which met in Geneva in late June 1971
to discuss the possibility of convening a worldwide
NGO conference on disarmament. In a 29 July letter
to WPC members giving them an overview of international
developments of significance to the WPC since the
Budapest assembly in May, Chandra said that he
attached "special significance" to the work of the
NGO Committee on disarmament, of which, he said, the
WPC is the "vice president."
In conjunction with WPC activities in UNESCO,
of perhaps more than passing interest is the fact
that the new Soviet permanent representative assigned
to UNESCO is a man who in the past has been associated
with Soviet espionage activities. He is Sergei
Kudryavtsev, who is characterized by the London Sunday
Telegraph in an article on 12 September 1971 as a man
who has had a long career in espionage. He was named
in 1960 by the Soviet defector, Igor Gouzenko, as
the mastermind in the wartime Soviet spy ring in
Canada, which obtained many American and British atomic
secrets. Its members included the scientists Fuchs
and Nunn May. Kudryavtsev became ambassador to Cuba
in 1960 and is believed to have set up a spy network
there. Just prior to his assignment to UNESCO, he
was the Soviet ambassador to Cambodia. His relations
with the WPC representatives while he is at UNESCO
may bear watching.
The WPC cooperates fully with the Prague-based
Christian Peace Conference, which has personal as
well as affiliation ties with hundreds of non-Bloc
clergy and students of theology throughout the world.
The Christian Peace Conference itself has functioned
as a crypto-Communist front since its inception in
1958, and thus its aims and those of the WPC are in
concert. Both the WPC and the Christian Peace Conference
have become increasingly active in World Council of
Churches affairs in recent years, and they both play
a role in attempting to guide the deliberations and
pronouncements of that body.
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Although nonaligned pacifists would like to
reorient the WPC away from its pro-Soviet stance and
turn it into a genuine peace movement, so far their
efforts have not been successful. The WPC has had
its ups and downs; it appears presently, in terms
of potential for continued usefulness to the Soviets,
to be near its zenith among the international Communist
front organizations.
The Soviets seem to be well satisfied with the
WPC's efforts on their behalf, as evidenced by the
comments about the results of the organization's
May 1971 Budapest World Peace Assembly that appeared
in the July 1971 issue of the World Marxist Review.
The World Marxist Review, which is published in Prague,
is the central organ of the World Communist Movement,
the highest level Soviet-controlled guidance instrument
for Communist leadership throughout the world. The
July article noted with satisfaction that the WPC's
Budapest Assembly "fully identified itself with the
peace policy of the Socialist countries, primarily
the Soviet Union." The article went on to state
that "It was not accidental that the Assembly was
so interested to hear the following passage of the
message sent by N. Podgorny, Chairman of the Presidium,
Supreme Soviet of the USSR: 'The Soviet Union, loyal
to the Leninist principles of peaceful coexistence
of countries with different social systems, con-
sistently follows a policy of actively defending
peace and building up international security. This
is explicitly reaffirmed in the program for safe-
guarding peace and promoting international cooperation
announced by the recent 24th Congress of the CPSU'."
The World Marxist Review's comment on Podgorny's
message was thus a reminder to the WPC and its
Communist adherents around the world that they could
look only to the decisions of the 24th Congress to
determine the present combat role the WPC has been
assigned by the CPSU.
In late 1970 the WPC published a "Program of
Actions" for 1971 that gave a month-by-month summary
of its plans for the year. A copy of this listing
is attached as Appendix A together with a summary of
the statements, protests, and appeals the WPC issued
during June 1971. This gives a picture of the general
scope of activities encompassed by the organization
during the year.
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 Approved For Release P78-02646R0006004~ggq%17X A
JANUARY 20 - "STOP NIXON DAY" (International
day of protest against Nixon's
aggression on the Indochinese
peoples, marking two years of
Nixon's presidency).
JANUARY-FEBRUARY - Bi-lateral meetings with the
representatives of international
organizations to discuss cooperation
and common actions during 1971.
JANUARY-FEBRUARY - Visits of delegation of the
World Peace Council to countries
in Europe, Africa, Asia and
Latin America.
FEBRUARY 4 - International Day of Support to
the Angolan people's struggle
(10th anniversary of the launching
of the armed liberation struggle).
- Tenth anniversary of the
assassination of Patrice Lumumba.
- International week of protest
against the collusion of U.S.
imperialists and Japanese militarists
against the freedom of Asian countries.
- International seminar on "Prospects
of Economic and Scientific Cooperation
among the countries of Europe and the
Role of the Peace Movement", Warsaw.
MARCH 17 - Zimbabwe Day.
- International Day of protest against
the US inspired coup in Cambodia
(anniversary of the coup d'etat).
- Anniversary of the Sharpeville
massacre - Day of Solidarity with
the liberation movements in Southern
Africa.
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MARCH 21 - International Day in support of
the Palestine resistance.
Scientific conference of experts
and specialists on racism and
apartheid.
International Day of solidarity
with the Arab victims of Israeli
repression (anniversary of massacre
of Deir Yassin, 1948).
APRIL 28 - International day against US-Japan
Security Treaty.
- Conference for the removal of
military bases in the Indian Ocean,
to make the Indian Ocean a zone
of peace - Colombo, Ceylon.
Day of Solidarity with Cambodian
people (One year since US invasion
of Cambodia).
MAY 17 - 23 - Week of solidarity with the Laotian
people.
International day of solidarity
with the people of Vietnam
(81st birth anniversary of the late
President Ho Chi Minh).
MAY - Africa Liberation Day.
International day of solidarity
with the peace movements of the USA
(first anniversary of the murder
of Kent State University students).
International week of solidarity
with the Arab peoples.
- Second anniversary of the foundation
of the PRG of the Republic of
South Vietnam.
JUNE 26 - South Africa Freedom Day.
- 44 -
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JUNE 25 - JULY 27- International month of solidarity
with the Korean people, for the
withdrawal of US troops from
South Korea.
JULY 20 - Anniversary of the signing of the
Geneva agreements on Vietnam.
AUGUST 3 - Day of solidarity with the
peoples of Guinea-Bissao and
Cap Verde.
AUGUST 6 - 9 - World Days of disarmament -
anniversary of the bombing of
Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
AUGUST 26 - Namibia Day.
SEPTEMBER 2 - Anniversary of the foundation of
the Democratic Republic of
Vietnam.
SEPTEMBER 25 - Mozambique Day.
SEPTEMBER - International colloquium on
questions of European Security
German Democratic Republic.
OCTOBER 12 - 19 - Second week of solidarity with
the Laotian people on the occasion
of the proclamation of Laotian
independence.
NOVEMBER 9 - 15 - International week of solidarity
with the Cambodian people.
DECEMBER 20 - Anniversary of the foundation of
the National Liberation Front of
South Vietnam.
DATES TO BE DECIDED UPON LATER
- International Conference for Peace
and Justice in the Middle East.
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International conference against
racism and the problems of Southern
Africa (in cooperation with the
Organization for Afro-Asian Unity
and the Afro-Asian Peoples' Soli-
darity Organization).
International conference against
colonialism (in cooperation with
the Afro-Asian People's Solidarity
Organization and the U.N. Committee
for Decolonization).
Week of solidarity with the Latin
American peoples.
International Conference on Racism
and War (Toronto, Canada).
Meetings on a zonal scale of
Latin American peace movement, one
for Central America, another for
the Southern part of the continent.
Latin American seminar on "Education
and Peace" (Caracas, Venezuela).
Seminar on the problems of developing
countries (in cooperation with the
Afro-Asian Peoples' Solidarity
Organization), Conakry, Guinea.
Seminar on "Neo-colonialism as a
weapon of imperialism" (in cooperation
with the Afro-Asian Peoples'
Solidarity Organization), New Delhi,
India.
- Symposium on "Oil as a weapon
against imperialism and for attain-
ment of national independence"
(in cooperation with the Afro-
Asian Peoples' Solidarity Organization).
- Seminar on agarian problems in
developing countries (in cooperation
with the Afro-Asian Peoples'
Solidarity Organization).
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- Meeting of peace organizations
in Africa.
- Meeting of peace organizations
in Asia.
- Meeting of Arab peace movements.
GENERAL CAMPAIGNS
- Campaign on solidarity with the
peoples of Vietnam, Laos and
Cambodia.
Campaigns for European Security,
for the convening of a conference
of all European states, for the
diplomatic recognition of the
German Democratic Republic.
Campaign for the prohibition
of bacteriological and chemical
weapons.
- Campaign for a comprehensive
test ban treaty.
Observance of 1971 as International
Year against Racism and Racial
Discrimination, as decided by
the United Nations.
Campaign and other actions of
the peace forces of concerned
African and Latin American
countries against the proposed
"South Atlantic Treaty Organization".
- Campaign on solidarity with the
Arab peoples.
- Campaign on solidarity with
liberation movements of Portuguese
colonies and Southern Africa.
- Campaign for the liquidation of
foreign military bases.
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- Campaigns in solidarity with the
people of Greece, Portugal and
Spain.
OBSERVANCE OF CULTURAL ANNIVERSARIES FOR 1971
FEDOR DOSTOEVSKI
THEODORE DREISER
GUSTAVE FLAUBERT
ANTONIO DE CASTRO
ALVES
VASILE ALECSANDRI
NIKOLAI NEKRASOV
CYPRIAN NORWID
Russian writer. 150th anniversary
of his birth (October 30).
American writer. 100th anniversary
of his birth (August 27).
French novelist. 150th anniversary
of his birth (December 12).
Brazilian poet. 100th anniversary
of his death (July 6).
British Publicist. Pioneer of
trade unions and cooperatives.
200th anniversary of his birth.
Rumanian writer and politician.
150th anniversary of his birth.
Russian poet. 150th anniversary
of his birth.
Polish poet, dramatist, prose-
writer, sculptor and painter.
150th anniversary of his birth
(November 24).
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WPC STATEMENTS, PROTESTS AND APPEALS, JUNE 1971
Chile. In a statement the WPC said: "Chile
has been shaken by a new plot. The murder of Dr. Perez
Zujovic, a former minister, is a new, tragic episode
in the reactionary and imperialist conspiracy against
Dr. Allende and his Government." In late April
President Allende had warned of such plots when he
said: "They (the imperialists) have not hesitated
so far to put us on the brink of civil war". The
WPC appealed to "all forces of national independence"
to intensify international solidarity with Chile.
(Press Release, No. 15, 15 June)
Iraq. A statement expressing shock over the
violation of Human Rights in Iraq and appealing for
an immediate end to such violation, for the release
of political prisoners, for the closing of the El
Nihaya Palace and for the decreeing of democratic
freedom for all parties and for all patriotic political
forces was signed by Romesh Chandra (India), WPC
Secretary-General; Isabelle Blume (Belgium), Mme Yves
Farge (France) and Hertta Kuusinen (Finland), WIDF
President, all WPC Presidential Committee members;
David A. Siqueiros (Mexico) and Pierre Biquard (France),
WFSW Secretary-General, both WPC members; the Rev.
Ralph Abernathy (USA), Luis Carlos Prestes (Brazil)
and others. ('L'Humanite', 28 June)
Korea. In connection with the International
Month of Solidarity with Korea, from 25 June - 27 July,
the WPC said that this year, because the US imperialists
were intensifying their aggressive maneuvers in Korea,
each national committee should hold meetings and
other demonstrations to draw attention to the situation
in divided Korea. (Letter to National Committees',
No. 23, 16 June)
Koreans in Japan. The WPC expressed its profound
concern over the "repressive maneuvers" of the Sato
Government of Japan against hundreds of thousands
of Koreans living in Japan for several years. The
law to control immigration was aimed at crushing the
General Association of Korean Residents in Japan, at
closing the Korean University in Japan, and at returning
Koreans in Japan by force to the South Korea of the
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"US puppet" and Pak Jung Hi clique. The WPC appealed
to the Sato Government to repeal the law, and to
national committees to gain support for the Korean
residents. (Press Release, No. 13, 3 June)
East Pakistan. In an appeal (No. 14) issued in
Helsinki on 14 June the WPC expressed "serious concern
over the position of East Pakistan refugees", and
appealed to national peace organizations to launch a
campaign of assistance for them. The WPC also called
for a political settlement of the situation in East
Pakistan. (Tass, 14 June)
South Africa. The WPC said that "this year 26
June was to be a specially significant 'International
Day of Solidarity for the Freedom of South Africa',
since this was UN Anti-Racial Discrimination Year".
Campaigns should be mounted for world public opinion
to call for: "a halt to the sale of arms to South
Africa; the imposition of an economic, social and
cultural embargo on the racists regime in South Africa;
a ban on landing and port facilities to aircraft and
ships going to or from that country". Telegrams
should be sent to the OAU meeting in Addis Ababa on
21 June for moves by that organization to condemn
apartheid in South Africa. Moral, material and political
support should be given to the freedom fighters led
by the African National Congress (ANC). (Letter to
National Committees, No. 22, 15 June)
USSR. On 21 June the WPC published a statement
in connection with the 30th anniversary of Hitler's
"perfidious attack" on the USSR. The peoples of
Europe would also remember the heroic efforts by the
peoples of the USSR that had led to victory in the war
against Nazism and since then the USSR had strengthened
its position of peace champion, despite "US imperialist
intrigues". (Tass, 22 June)
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APPENDIX B
Members of the Presidential Committee of the World
Peace Council, as of 1970
Georgi ANDREEV
Richard ANDRIAMANJATO
Dr. Herbert APTHEKER
Bishop Tibor BARTHA
Mrs. Isabelle BLUME
Amilcar CABRAL
Ing. Alberto CASELLA
Romesh CHANDRA
Choijilyn CHIMID
Camara DAMANTANG
Rev. Alfred DICKIE
Marcelino DOS SANTOS
Yussef AL-SEBAI
Dr. James ENDICOTT
Guido FANTI
Mrs. Yves FARGE
E.K. FYODOROV
Pierre GENSOUS
Dr. Carlton GOODLETT
Canon Raymond GOOR
Dr. Samba GUEYE
Raymond GUYOT
Prof. Tedijini HADDAM
Dr. Yoshitaro HIRANO
Prof. Tudor IONESCU
Prof. Boleslaw IWASZIEWICZ
Dr. Cheddi JAGAN
Kamal JUMBLATT
Kang YANG-UK
Matti KEKKONEN
Alexander KORNEICHUK
Mourad KOUATLY
Mrs. Hertta KUUSINEN
Enrique LISTER
Prof. Dr. Josef LUKAS
Lucio LUZZATTO
K.D. MALAVIYA
Prof. Juan MARINELLO
Farrukh MASARADI
Khaled MOHEI EL DIN
Ivor MONTAGU
Dr. Agostinho NETO
Oscar NIEMEYER
Pastor D. Martin NIEMOLLER
(Bulgaria)
(Madagascar)
(U.S.A.)
(Christian Peace Conference)
(Belgium)
(Guinea Bissau)
(Argen.tin.a)
(India)
(Mongolia)
(Guinea)
(Australia)
(Mozambique)
(A. A. P. S. 0.
)
(Canada)
(Italy)
(France)
(U.S.S.R.)
(W.F.T.U.)
(U.S.A.)
(Belgium) Observer
(Senegal)
(France)
(Algeria)
(Japan)
(Romania)
(Poland)
(Guyana)
(Lebanon)
(D. P. R. K. )
(Finland)
(U.S.S.R.)
(Syria)
(W. I . D. F. )
(Spain)
(Czechoslovakia)
(Italy)
(India)
(Cuba)
(Lebanon)
(U. A. R. )
(Britain)
(Angola)
(Brazil)
(G. F. R. )
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Prof. Albert NORDEN
Angelo OLIVA
Prof. Giorgio LA PIRA
Prof. Olga POBLETE
Nouhak PHOUMSAVAN
Gordon SCHAFFER
Chau SENG
Aziz SHARIF
Prof. Endre SIK
All SIMBULE'
T.B. SUBASINGHE
Dr. John TAKMAN
Oliver TAMBO
Nguyen VAN HUI
Theodore Eyst. GIANNOPOULOS
(G. D. R. )
(WFDY)
(Italy)
(Chile)
(Laos)
(Britain)
(Cambodia)
(Iraq)
(Hungary)
(Zambia)
(Ceylon)
(Sweden)
(A.N.C., South Africa)
(Repulbic of South Vietnam)
(Greece)
At its last session (Budapest, May 1971) the World
Peace Council decided to keep places reserved in the
Presidential Committee for one representative each of
peace organizations in the Chinese Peoples Republic
Nigeria, Sudan, the DRV, Venezuela, Mexico and the
All-African Trade Union Federation.
Secretary General
Romesh CHANDRA
Presidents of Honour
(India)
V.K. Krishna MENON
Pablo PICASSO
Louis SAILLANT
(India)
(Spain)
(France)
Members of the Secretariat
Mrs. Martha BUSCHMANN
James FOREST
Gabor GOBOLYOS
Manuel LAFUENTE
H.D. MALAVIYA
Kazimierz KIELAN
Luciano MENCARAGLIA
Michael-Alphonse LANGIGNON
Emilson RANDRIAMIHASINORO
David RUMMELSBURG
Varouj SALATIAN
Alfredo VARELA
Nicolai VOSHCHININ
(G. F. R. )
(U.S.A.)
(Hungary)
(Spain)
(India)
(Poland)
(Italy)
(France)
(Madagascar)
(G. D. R. )
(Syria)
(Argentina)
(U.S.S.R.)
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Adda BENGUETTAT Former M.P.; General
Secretary of the Algerian
Afro-Asian Committee;
Vice President of the
Algerian Peace Movement.
Writer; former Vice-
Chancellor of Algiers
University.
Abdoul Raman BOUCHAMA City Architect of Algiers.
Mme Malika BOUMENDJEL General Secretary of the
Algerian Peace Movement;
widow of Me Ali Bou-
mendjel, posthumously
awarded the Joliot-Curie
Medal.
Noureddine DJOUDI
Abdelkrim GHRAIEB
Prof. Tedjini HADDAM
Head of Department of
Socialist Countries in the
Foreign Office.
Office bearer of Friend-
ship Society of Algerians
living in Europe.
Former Minister of Health
and Population; President
of Algerian Peace Movement;
member of WPC Presidential
Committee.
General Secretary of
U.N.F.A. (National Union
of Algerian Women).
Me Abdelkader OUGOUAG Barrister at the Algiers
Court of Appeal.
Abdelghani REFES
Vice-Head of Department
of Foreign Relations of
the F.L.N.
Head of Department of
Foreign Relations, youth
section of F.L.N.
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Professor; former M.P.;
Deputy General Secretary
of the Algerian Afro-
Asian Committee; Vice-
President of the Algerian
Peace Movement.
Dr? Agostinho NETO
President of M.P.L.A.
(People's Movement for
the Liberation of Angola);
member of the WPC Pre-
sidential Committee;
Soviet Bloc oriented and
supported.
Dr., Ramon Edgardo ACUNA
Dr.. Guillermo AHUMADA
Juan Gaspar ALONSO
Former Senator; leader
of U.C.R.P. (Radical
People's Union); former
Chairman of Senate Foreign
Commission; Lawyer.
Former professor of Buenos
Aires University; former
Director of Institute of
Economics and Finance of
the Law Faculty of Buenos
Aires; Publicist.
Secretary of C.G.T. of the
town of San Martin, pro-
vince of Buenos Aires.
Writer; Director of the
weekly "Propositos";
Director of the "People's
Theatre"; former President
of the Argentine Writers'
Association (S.A.D.E.).
Dr. Bernardo CANAL FEIJOO Professor; writer;
laureate of National
Prize for Literature.
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Ing. Alberto T. CASELLA Former Master of University
of La Plata; President
of the Argentine Peace
Council; member of the
WPC Presidential Com-
mittee; Joliot-Curie
Medal; engineer.
Ing. Felipe F. FREYRE Engineer; University
professor; Secretary of
Argentine Peace Council.
Arch. Architect; former Head of
Francisco GARCIA VAZQUEZ the City Planning Depart-
ment of Buenos Aires;
Vice President of the
Argentine Association of
Architects; former
Professor of the Univer-
sity of Buenos Aires.
Dr. Roberto GUARESTI Lawyer; leader of the
Peronist Party.
Jorge GUERSCHMAN Secretary of Argentine
Peace Council.
Sebastian INGRATTA Evangelist Preacher; Head
of the Non-Violent Move-
ment and of "Argentine
Solidarity Movement with
Vietnam".
President of the U.P.A.R.A.
(Union of Livestock and
Agricultural Producers).
Catholic Priest; Professor
at the Catholic University
of Cordoba.
Mrs. Maria Rosa OLIVER Writer; Laureate of Lenin
Peace Prize.
Hector POLINO Publicist; former Socialist
Counsellor of Buenos Aires.
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Ruben QUEIJO
Alfredo VARELA
Rinato VASALLO
Dr. Juan I. ZORRILLA
Member of the National
Bureau of the M.U.C.S.
(Movement of Trade Union
Unity and Coordination);
leader of the Newspaper
Vendors.
Lawyer; former Governor
of Santa Fe; former Sena-
tor; Leader of V.C.R.P.
Radical Party.
Writer; Joliot-Curie Medal;
Secretary of WPC.
Leader of Argentine So-
cialist Party; former M.P.
Doctor of Medicine; former
President of the Argentine
Radiology Association.
Diplomat of Social
Science; Diplomat of
Religious Education;
Licentiate of Theology;
Justice of the Peace;
Chairman of the Bathurst
Methodist District, N.S.W.
Methodist Conference.
Secretary, Queensland Peace
Committee for International
Co-operation and Disarmament.
Chairman of Congress for
International Co-operation
and Disarmament, Victoria;
former Moderator,
Presbyterian Church,
Victoria; Joliot-Curie Medal;
Member of the Presidential
Committee of the World Peace
Council.
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B.A. (Hons.); Educa-
tionist (former high
school Principal);
College lecturer;
author; Committee
member, Association for
International Co-
operation and Dis-
armament; National
Executive member,
Communist Party of
Australia.
Prof. Joseph DOBRETSBERGER
B.A. (Hons.); B.D.;
Superintendent of
Prahran Methodist
Mission; Life Member
of Congress for Inter-
national Co-operation
and Disarmament,
Victoria; Prahran City
Councillor.
Prominent Quaker;
Secretary of South
Australian Peace
Committee.
National President of
the U.B.D.P.; member of
the Presidential Committee
of the World Peace Council;
former M.P.; Laureate of
the Lenin Peace Prize;
Joliot-Curie Medal; CP
member.
Freddy BERARD Regional Secretary of
the U.B.D.P. (Borinage).
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Dr. Marcel DELVIGNE
Maurice ERRERA
Jean GAYETOT
Director of the medico-
surgical institutions of
the "mutualites socialites"
of Liege; Chairman of the
Liege region committee of
the U.B.D.P.; Vice-Chairman
of the U.B.D.P.; CP member
Professor at the Free
University of Brussels;
Vice-Chairman of the
U.B.D.P.
Responsible for foreign
relations at the Belgian
General Federation of
Labour (Liege-Huy-Waremme
region).
Mme Rosie HOLENDER
Rene KLUTZ
Ward RUYSLINCK
Gustaaf SCHMIDT
Andre de SMET
Father SNIJKERS
BOLIVIA
Ing.
Carlos G. CARVAJAL NAVA
Ing.
Hugo MANSILLA ROMERO
Lawyer; CP member.
General Secretary of the
U.B.D.P.; CP member.
Writer; Vice-Director of
the Cabinet des Estampes
of Antwerp.
Barrister; member of the
Bureau of the League of
Christian Workers.
National Secretary of the
U.B.D.P.
Dominican; member of the
Bureau of the U.B.D.P.
Vice Dean and Professor
of the Faculty of Industrial
Engineering, San Markos
University, La Paz.
Dean of the Engineering
Faculty, San Marcos Uni-
versity, La Paz.
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Motsamai Keyecwe MPHO
President of the
Botswana Independence
Party; journalist.
Jorge Amado
Celebrated writer;
Vice-President of
Peace Partisans of
Brazil (BPP).
Dr. Joao Bellini BURZA
General Felicissimo CARDOSO
Psychiatrist; neuro-
physiologist; Chairman
of Latin American
Society for Progress of
Medical and Biological
Sciences; former
General Secretary of
the Brazilian Associa-
tion of Doctors for
Peace.
Extreme Nationalist;
founder and editor of
Emancipacao, former
Communist news sheet
for the armed forces;
Chairman of Studies
Centre for Defence of
Oil and National
Economy (CEDPEN);
supporter of front
activities.
Otto Maria CARPEAUX Philosopher and writer.
Dr. Alfredo de Moraes Doctor, writer and
Coutinho FILHO publisher; President of
former Brazilian-USSR
Cultural Institute.
Antonio HOUAISS Former Ambassador; writer.
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Former Ambassador to
Portugal; member of
former Brazil-Cuba
Cultural Institute;
Left-wing intellectual.
Prof. J. Leite LOPES
Oscar Soares NIEMEYER
Honorio PECANHA
Professor of Theore-
tical Physics at
University of Rio de
Janeiro; one of many
professors compulsorily
retired by Brazilian
Government in April,
1969.
Member of WPC Presidential
Committee; President of
former Brazil-Cuba
Cultural Institute;
President of BPP; Lenin
Peace Prize (1963);
Brazil's leading
architect.
Founder of Brazilian
Peace Movement; celebrated
sculptor.
Leading member of
Brazilian Peace Movement;
engineer.
Former official of
Brazilian CP; former
Professor of Physics at
University of Sao Paulo
(compulsorily retired by
Brazilian Government 1969);
founder of Bra ilian Peace
Movement.
Nelson Werneck SODRE Retired general; well-known
literary figure; historian.
Dom:ingos Netto de VELASCO Former member of WPC
Presidential Committee;
former Senator and now
Federal Deputy; well-
known "peace personality
who has visited Russia
and China; banker.
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Prof. Eric BURHOP Professor of Physics.
Dr. Anthony CHATER
Scientist; Chairman of
the Communist Party of
Great Britain.
Arthur HEWLETT National Peace Council
(Observer) and Quakers.
Georgi ANDREEV
Writer; laureate of Lenin
Peace Prize; member of
Presidential Committee of
WPC.
Chairman of British Peace
Committee; member of
Presidential Committee
of WPC; journalist;
Chairman of Political
Committee of London
Cooperative Society;
holder of Joliot-Curie
Medal.
President Women for Dis-
armament (United Nations
Association).
Vice-President of the
Bulgarian Peace Committee;
deputy; member of the
Presidential Committee of
the WPC; Joliot-Curie
Medal.
Vice-President of the
National Council of the
Fatherland Front; President
of Vietnam Solidarity
Committee; deputy.
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Patriarch of the
Bulgarian Orthodox
Church; Vice-President
of the Bulgarian Peace
Committee.
Georgi NADJAKOV
Honorary President of
the Bulgarian Peace
Committee; member of
the Bulgarian Academy
of Sciences; deputy.
Mrs. Paraskova PETSEVA Secretary of the
Bulgarian Peace
Committee.
Georgi PIRINSKY
Lyudmil STOYANOV
CANADA
Dr. Hans BLUMENFELD
President of the
Bulgarian Peace
Committee; publicist;
deputy.
Vice-President of the
'Bulgarian Peace
Committee; writer;
deputy.
City planner; author
of "The Modern Metropolis";
holder of honorary degree
by University of Montreal
for his work in modern
city planning.
Chairman of Canadian
Peace Council; member
of Presidential Committee
of WPC; active in CP
matters.
Rabbi Abraham FEINBERG Rabbi Emeritus of Holy
D.r).LLD. Blossom Temple, Toronto.
R. LALIBERTE Chairman of Quebec
Teachers' Federation.
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Jean PELLETIER Executive member of the
Parti Quebecois.
School teacher; Chair-
man of the Toronto
Association for Peace;
Vice-Chairman of the
Canadian Peace Council;
CP member.
Chairman of the Hemi-
spheric Conference;
Comite Moratoire du
Vietnam.
General-Secretary Afro-
Asian Solidarity Associa-
tion of Ceylon; Vice-
President of Ceylon
Peace Council; President
of the Democratic Workers'
Congress (major trade
union of plantation workers
in Ceylon); CP member.
Treasurer of Ceylon Peace
Council and Afro-Asian
Solidarity Association of
Ceylon; member of National
Committee of All Ceylon
Hindu Congress and Chairman
of Central Control
Commission of Communist
Party of Ceylon; CP member.
Minister for Foreign and
Internal Trade; writer;
President; of Sri Lanka
Freedom party; has history
of activity in Ceylon
Peace Council.
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General Secretary of
Sri Lanka Freedom
Party; Minister for
Industries and
Scientific Affairs;
former Ambassador to
Moscow; former Speaker
of Parliament; member
of the Presidential
Committee of the WPC.
Rev. Medagoga SUMANATISSA President of the All
Ceylon Buddhist Con-
ference; Director of
Pirivena Institute;
Vice-President of
Ceylon Peace Council.
Mrs. Ex-M.P.; prominent
Doreen WICKREMASINGHE worker in the Peace
Movement; CP member.
Dr. Salvador Gossens ALLENDE President of Chile;
Doctor of Medicine;
former Senator of
Socialist Party;
former President of
Senate.
Enrique AVENDANO
President of Federation
of Chilean Peasants
"Ranquil"; PCCH Central
Committee member.
Senator of Radical Party;
University Professor;
Jurist.
PCCH Central Committee
member; President of
Communist dominated
Single Centre of Chilean
Workers (CUTCH).
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University Professor;
Vice-Rector of the
University of Concepcion.
Dr. Alejandro LIPSCHUTZ
Dr. Abraham NAZAL
Pablo NERUDA
Prof. Olga POBLETE
Scientist; National
Science prize 1969;
physician and
anthropologist; CP
member.
University Professor;
psychologist; General
Secretary of the Chilean
Peace Movement; CP
member.
Chilean Ambassador to
Paris; Poet; laureate
of National Prize of
Literature; holder of
Joliot-Curie Medal;
laureate of Lenin Peace
Prize; CP member.
University Professor;
President of the Chilean
Peace Movement; member
of the Presidential
Committee of the WPC;
laureate of Lenin Peace
Prize.
Dr. Jurist; University
Jose RODRIGUEZ ELIZONDO Professor; General
Counsel for CORFO, CP
member.
Dr. Julio SILVA SOLAR Deputy of MAPU (Move-
ment of United Popular
Action); lawyer.
Dr. Rafael H. BAQUERO Lawyer; economist;
Secretary of the
National Peace Council.
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General Secretary of
FEDENAGRIC (Agricultural
Workers' Union).
University Professor;
former Rector of the
National University of
Colombia; President of
the National Peace
Council.
Vice-President of the
General Confederation of
Labour of Colombia.
Dr. Member of the National
Horacio RODRIGUEZ PLATA Historical Society;
Subdirector for Cultural
Heritage in the Colombian
Cultural Institute,
Ministry for National
Education; Professor of
Sociology and Political
History at the National
University; author of
several works; former
Governor of the State of
Santander; former National
Senator.
Dr. Jose Francisco SOCARRAS Psychiatrist; University
Professor.
COSTA RICA
Dr. Gilberto BONILLA ROJAS Physician; laureate of
National Prize of Medicine;
University Professor; CP
member.
Dr. Physician; CP member.
Oscar MORERA MADRIGAL
Carlos SAENZ ELIZONDO Writer; laureate of
National Prize of Literature;
CP member.
Dr. Ovidio SALAZAR University Professor;
CP member.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Dr. Vicentina ANTUNA Director of the Faculty
Tavio de Carone of Literature of Havana
University; CP member.
Alejo CARPENTIER Valmont Writer; Cultural Attache
of the Cuban Embassy in
France.
Dr. Eduardo CORONA Zayas Vice-President of the
Movement for Peace
and the Sovereignty
of Peoples.
President of the Cuban
Union of Women; CP
member.
Poet; President of the
Cuban Writers' and Artists'
Union; CP member.
Dr. Enrique HART Ramirez President of the Supreme
Tribunal of Justice.
Dr. Melba HERNANDEZ Vice-President of the
Rodriquez del Rey Movement for Peace and
the Sovereignty of
Peoples; President of
the South Vietnam
Solidarity Committee of
Cuba.
Prof. Juan MARINELLO President of the Movement
Vidaureta for Peace and the Sover-
eignty of Peoples; Cuban
Ambassador to UNESCO;
member of the Presidential
Committee of the WPC; CP
member..
Faustino PEREZ Hernandez Commander of the Rebel
Army; CP member.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Yia,ngo POTAMITIS
Lawyer; Member of
Parliament; President
of Cyprus Peace Council;
member of Cyprus Bar
Council.
Prof. Dr. Dalibor M. KRNO Chief of Journalists'
Department of Comenius
University, Bratislava.
Prof. Dr. Josef LUKAS
Chief of II.
gynaecological clinic;
Chairman of Czechoslovak
Peace Committee; member
of Presidential
Committee of WPC.
Prof. Antonin STEJSKAL Chairman of Czech Peace
Council; High School
teacher.
Prof. Dr. Viliam THURZO Academician; Director
of the Research Cancer-
Institute, Chairman of
Slovak Peace Council.
Docent Vaclav VYSOHLID General Secretary of
Czechoslovak Peace
Committee.
President of the Economic
and Social Council; Hono-
rary Member of the CNPD
(National Council for
Peace and Development).
Dr. Badarou DAOUDA
Foreign Secretary of
Dahomey; honorary member
of the CNPD; Ambassador
to France (13 Sept. 1971).
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Honore Wilfrid FRANCEGBE Chairman of CNPD.
Mrs. Esther BRINCH
Mrs. Margit HANSEN
Syend JENSEN
Johannes MUENCHOW
ECUADOR
Prof.
Gerardo CORDERO Y LEON
Leonidas CORDOVA V.
Translator; Chairman of
Danish Federation of De-
mocratic Women; member of
Radical Party; (former
Chairman of Copenhagen
Women's Commission of
Radical Party); member of
WILPF; member of Danish
Peace Conference.
Accountant; member of
Committee for Peace and
Solidarity of Communist
Party of Denmark.
Chairman of Copenhagen
branch of Building Wor-
kers' Trade Union; mem-
ber of Danish Peace Con-
ference; member of bureau
of "Vietnam 69".
Chairman of Copenhagen
group "Aldrig mere Krig"
(no more war); collabora-
tor for inter-nordic prob-
lems; member of bureau
of Danish Peace Confe-
rence.
Rector of the State Uni-
versity of Cuenca; (Socialist
with Communist leanings)
Chairman of C.T.E. (Ecua-
dor Workers' Confedera-
tion); (Labor Party; PCE
funds; PCE sympathizer)
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Dr. Elias GALLEGOS ANDA Chairman of the Demo-
cratic Popular Union;
former candidate for
the Presidency of the
Republic; physician;
Communist sympathizer;
contributed to PCE.
Enrique GIL GILBERT
Writer; leader of the
Communist Party of
Ecuador.
Goran VON BONSDORFF
Professor of Political
Sciences at Helsinki
University.
Lawyer; member of
Presidential Committee
of WPC.
Ensio PARTANEN Dean of the Church.
Chairman of Workers'
Sport Union (TUL);
General Secretary of
Socialist Union.
Paavo RINTALA Writer; Chairman of
Finnish Peace Movement.
Mrs. Mirjam VIRE-TUOMINEN B. A.; M. P. (Communist
Party); Deputy of Helsinki
Municipal Council;
General-Secretary of
Finnish Peace Movement.
Louis ARAGON Writer; CP Central
Committee member.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Pierre BIQUARD
Professor at the Ecole
Superieure for Physics
and Chemistry in Paris;
Doctor of Science;
Secretary-General of the
World Federation of
Scientific Workers;
Secretary-General of
the Frederic and Irene
Joliot-Curie Associa-
tion.
Engineer; Secretary
of the French Peace
Movement.
Henri CAILLAVET Senator; former
Minister.
Jacques CHATAGNER
Professor (agrege);
Secretary of the French
Regional Committee of
the Christian Peace
Conference; Co-President
of the Association for
French-German Exchanges;
Secretary of the French
Peace Movement.
Linotypist; former
Secretary of the World
Peace Council.
Study Director of the
Ecole Pratique des Hautes
Etudes; former Minister;
former M.P.; member of
General Council of Savoie;
President of the Inter-
national Association of
Democratic Lawyers;
President of the Pro-
gressive Union.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Member of the Presi-
dential Committee of
the WPC.
Raymond GUYOT
Member of Economic and
Social Council for the
C.G.T. (General Con-
federation of Labour).
Senator; member of the
Presidential Committee
of the WPC; very active
in CP; member of CP
Politburo.
Mme Georges HUISMAN M.A.; President of the
Union of French Women.
Marc JACQUIER Barrister.
Writer; former Secretary-
General of the World
Peace Council.
Mme Head of Research at the
Helene LANGEVIN-JOLIOT C.N.R.S. (National Centre
for Scientific Research).
Jacques MADAULE
Writer; Agrege; member-of
the Society of Writers;
Chairman of the National
Writers' Committee;
Chairman of the Jewish-
Christian Association of
France.
Roger MAYER
Administrator; member of
the Steering Committee of
the Frederic and Irene
Joliot-Curie Association.
Jacques MITTERAND Former M.P.
Parson of the Reformed
Church of France; Secre-
tary of the French Peace
Movement.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Former Secretary-
General of WFTU
(World Federation of
Trade Unions); member
of Presidential Committee
of the WPC.
Jean SCHAEFER
Andre SOUQUIERE
Jean VERCORS (Bruller)
Writer; CP member.
National Secretary of
the C.G.T.; member of
the Economic and Social
Council.
Former Senator; General-
Secretary of French
Peace Movement; CP
Central Committee member.
President of the GDR
Peace Council; member
of the GDR Research
Council; member of the
German Academy of
Science.
Mrs. Greta KUCKOFF
Oberkirchenrat Gerhard LOTZ
Hans-Peter MINETTI
Vice-President of the
GDR Peace Council.
Vice-President of the
GDR Peace Council.
Member of the Political
Bureau of the Central
Committee of the S.E.D.;
member of the Presidential
Committee of the WPC.
General-Secretary of the
GDR Peace Council.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Chairman of the German-
Arab Society; Deputy-
Chairman of the Demo-
cratic German Peasant
Party.
Mrs. Anna SEGHERS
Writer; President of
the German Union of
Writers.
Prof. Dr. Dean of the Department
Peter Alfons STEINIGER of International Law
at the Humboldt Univer-
sity, Berlin.
Mrs. Helene WEIGEL-BRECHT Actress; Director of
the "Berliner Ensemble".
Vice-President of GDR
Peace Council; Secretary
of F.D.G.B. (Free
German Trade Unions).
GERMAN FEDERAL REPUBLIC
Wilhelm M. BREUER Economist; lecturer at
the Institute for Economy
at the University of
Cologne; publicist.
Mrs. Martha BUSCHMANN Journalist; member of
the Secretariat of the
WPC.
Interpreter; manager of
"Society for the Further-
ance of Relations between
the German Federal
Republic and the Soviet
Union".
Prof. Clara Maria FASSBINDER Pedagogue and writer;
holder of Joliot-Curie
Medal; President of
West-German Women's
Peace Movement and co-
editor of "Fran and
Frieden" (Woman and
Peace).
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Dr. Herbert MOCHALSKI Formerly University
Pastor at Technical
College Darmstadt; co-
editor of bimonthly
"Stimme der Gemeinde"
(Voice of the (Church)
Community); General-
Secretary of the "Society
for the Furtherance of
Relations between the
German Federal Republic
and the Soviet Union".
Formerly President of
the Evangelical Church
of Hesse and Nassau and
one of the Presidents
of the World Council of
Churches; President of
the German Peace Society--
War Resisters' International
(DFG-IDK); member of the
Presidential Committee
of the WPC; Laureate of
the Lenin Peace Prize;
holder of Joliot-Curie
Medal.
Federal President of
DFG-IDK; parson and teacher
of religious instruction;
Campaign for Democracy
and Disarmament.
Graphic artist; singer
and text writer of protest
songs; author of TV and
radio programmes.
President of West German
Women's Peace Movement
of Nordrhein-Westfalen.
Heinrich WERNER Parson; federal manager of
German Peace Union.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Physician at the
University Hospital
of Giesen; formerly
physician in South
Vietnam.
Skilled worker
(Chemistry); shop
steward in Badische
Anilin- and Sodafabrik
(Ludwigshafen); delegate
at International Union
of Chemistry, Paper and
Ceramics Workers; member
of the Bureau of the
Communist Party of
Germany.
George ATHANASIADIS
Ioannis DELLAGRAMMATIKAS
Vasilis EFREMIDIS
Professor of Philosophy;
member of Central
Committee of Association
of Organizations of
Greek Political Regufees;
Communist.
Economist; member of
resistance movements
during the war; Vice-
President of Associa-
tions of Greek Political
Refugees; Communist;
resides in Hungary.
Lawyer; former M.P. of
EDA and member of
Executive Committee;
CP member.
Lawyer; Chairman of
Association of Greek
Communities in GFR;
Communist; lives in
West Germany.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Miguel Angel ASTURIAS Writer; laureate of
Nobel Prize in
literature; laureate
of Lenin Peace Prize;
Ambassador of Guatemala
in France.
Luis CARDOZA Y ARAGON
GUINEA
Camara DAMANTANG
Abdoulaye DIALLO
Writer; art critic;
former Ambassador.
Foreign Minister of
the Republic of
Guinea; member of
Presidential Committee
of WPC.
Director of Political
Affairs at the Ministry
for Foreign Affairs.
Member of the
National Committee of
the J.R.D.A. (Youth
Movement o:f the African
Democratic Union).
Member of the National
Committee of the
Guinean Workers.
General Secretary of
P.A.I.G.C. (African
Independence Party of
Guinea and Cape Verde).
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Khemray BHAGWANDIN
Dr. Cheddi JAGAN
Reepu Daman PERSAUD
Mrs. Philomena SAHOYE
Barrister-at-Law;
former Officer-in-
Charge, British
Guiana Government
Office in London;
Chairman, Guyana Hindu
Youth Organization.
M.P.; former Prime
Minister; leader of
People's Progressive
Party; member of
Presidential Committee
of World Peace Council;
admitted Communist.
M.P.; General Secretary
of the Hindu Maha Sabha.
M.P.; Senior Vice-
President of the Guyana
Agricultural Workers'
Union; President,
Women's Progressive
Organization; member
Secretariat of People's
Progressive Party.
M.P.; Secretary of the
Foreign Affairs Committee
in Parliament; Vice-
Secretary-General of the
Patriotic People's Front;
member of the C.C. of the
Hungarian Socialist
Workers' Party and of the
Presidium of the
Hungarian TUC (Trade
Union Congress); of the
Hungarian Peace Council
and of the National Council
of the Hungarian Women's
Federation.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Dr. Zoltan KALDY
Magda RADNOT
Writer; laureate of Joszef
Attila Prize for Literature
(1955 and 1965).
Senior leading Bishop of
the Lutheran Church in
Hungary; Vice-President
of Ecumenical Council of
Hungarian Churches; mem-
ber of Central Committee
of the World Council of
Churches; member of Stew-
ardship Committee of
Lutheran World Federation.
University Professor; hol-
der of the title "Disting-
uished Physician"; member
of Hungarian Academy of
Sciences.
Ambassador; University
Professor; Vice-President
of the Hungarian Peace
Council; member of the UN
Commission of International
Commercial Law.
Mrs. Nandor SEBESTYEN Member of the National
Council of the Patriotic
Popular Front; Secretary
of the Hungarian Peace
Council.
Former Foreign Minister;
President; of the Hungarian
Peace Council; member of
the Presidential Committee
of the WPC; State Prize
historian; laureate of
Lenin Peace Prize.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
I)r. Mulk Raj ANAND
Arjun ARORA
Mrs. Aruna ASAF ALI
President of the Lalit
Kala Academy (Fine Arts
Academy); Editor of
"Marg"; writer.
M.P. (Congress Party);
President of All-India
Press Workers' Union;
member of Indian Council
for World Affairs.
President of National
Federation of Indian
Women; leader of Indian
freedom movement; laureate
of Lenin Peace Prize.
Bejoy BANERJEE
M.L.A.; former Speaker
of West Bengal Legislative
Assembly; former Mayor
of Calcutta.
Chitta BASU M.P. (Forward Bloc).
Chitta BISWAS General Secretary of
the All-India Peace Council.
Diwan CHAMAN LALL
Former Indian Ambassador;
former member of the Central
Legislative Council.
Secretary-General of the
World Peace Council; lau-
reate of the Lenin Peace
Prize; holder of the Joliot-
Curie Medal; member of the
Presidential Committee of
the World Peace Council.
A.S.R. CHARI Senior Advocate of Supreme
Court of India.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
M.P., General Secretary of
All-India Trade Union
Congress; Chairman of the
Pro-Soviet CP of India.
M.P. (Congress Party);
former member of the
Indian delegation to the
United Nations. Deputy
Minister of the Govern-
ment of India.
General Secretary of
ISCUS (Indo-Soviet
Cultural Society);
former Secretary of
the World Peace Council.
Vavilala GOPALAKRISHNAYYA Member of the Legislative
Assembly of Andhra Pradesh
(Independent).
Bhupesh GUPTA
M.P.; Leader of the Com-
munist Group in the
Indian Parliament; editor
of "New Age"; member of
the Secretariat of the
Communist; Party of India.
Former Chief Minister of
Bihar; leader of Loktantrik
Dal (Democratic Party).
M.P.; former President
S.S.P (United Socialist
Party).
Akbar Ali KHAN M.P. (Congress Party).
Editor of CP publication
"Blitz" (largest circu-
lated Indian weekly).
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
V.K. Krishna MENON
Vivekananda MUKHERJI
Gurmukh Singh MUSAFIR
Former Minister of Central
Government; former M.P.;
member of All-India Con-
gress Committee; President
of Indian Association for
Afro-Asian Solidarity;
member of the Presidential
Committee of the WPC.
President of the National
Council of the Indo-Soviet
Cultural Society; former
Ambassador.
M.P.; President of Honor
of the WPC; Chairman of
the International Con-
ference of Support to the
Arab Peoples; former
Defense Minister.
Editor of "Basumati"
(Calcutta daily); former
President of Federation
of Indian Working Journa-
lists.
M.P. (Congress Party);
Punjabi poet; former
Chief Minister of Punjab
State.
Amrit NAHATA M.P. (Congress Party).
Maharaj Satguru Jagjit
Singh NAMDHARI
Head of the Namdhari
Community (religious
sect spread over the whole
of South-East Asian and
East Africa.)
Journalist; General Sec-
retary of the All-India
Peace Council; former
Secretary of the World
Council of Peace.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
G. RAMACHANDRAN M.P.; Secretary of the
Gandhi Peace Foundation.
Satyajit RAY Film director; painter.
Rana Jang Bahadur SINGH Former editor of "Times
of India"; President of
Delhi State Peace Council.
Amarnath VIDYALANKAR
Chandrajit YADAV
Former Minister of the
State of Punjab; Chairman
of All-India Congress
Forum for Socialist Action.
M.P. and member of Working
Committee of the Indian
National Congress.
Prof. Bozorg ALAVI
Writer; one of the Founders
of Iranian CP (Tudeh);
probably lives in East
Germany.
Prof. Rajabali KHORB
Dr. Davoud NOROUZI
Graduate of Philosophy
and Pedagogics; former
member of National UNESCO
Commission in Iran; at
present Visiting Honorary
Professor for Persian
Language and Literature
at Martin Luther University
at Halle-Wittenberg.
Jurist; Doctor of Political
Science; Scientific
Researcher at Berlin
Academy of Sciences; mem-
ber of Central Committee
of CP; probably lives in
East Germany.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
IRAQ
Amr ABDULLAH
(Amer' ABDALLAH) Lawyer; Communist Party.
Nuri abd-al-Razzaq HUSAYN
(Nouri ABDELRAZZAK)
Former Secretary-General
of the International
Union of Students;
Communist.
abd-al-Rahim Muhsin AJINAH
(Rahim AJINEH) Doctor of Medicine; CP.
Salah Umar al-ALI
(Salah Omar EL-ALI)
Member of the Regional
Leadership of the Ba'ath
Socialist Arab Party; in
exile in Beirut as of
July 1970.
Mounzer AREIN Ba'ath Socialist Arab Party.
Nuri Sadiq SHAWLS
(Nouri Sadik CHAWICH)
Minister for Public Works
and Housing; member of the
Political Bureau of the
Democratic Party of
Kurdistan.
Murtada Said al-HADITHI
(Mourtada Said EL-HADITHY) Member of the Revolution
Council Command; member
of the Regional Leadership
of the Ba'ath Socialist
Arab Party; Minister of
Economy.
Yusuf al-HAJJ ILYAS
(Youssef EL-HADJ ELIAS) Lawyer; National Demo-
cratic Party.
Safa al-HAFIZ
(Safa EL-HAFEZ)
Doctor of Laws; Assistant
Professor in the Faculty
of Law of the Bagdad
University; CP.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Nafidh JALAL, aka
Nafidh JALAL Huwayzi
(Nafez JALAL)
Ghanim ABD-AL-JALIL
(Ghanem ABDEL JALIL)
Minister for Agriculture.
Ba'ath Socialist Arab
Party; as of January 1971
Governor of Dirjalah
Muhammad MADHI
(Mohamed Mehdi AL-JAWAHIRI) Arab Poet; President of
the Writers' Union;
Communist.
Abd-Al-Wahhab MAHMUD
(Abdel Wahab MAHMOUD) President of the Bar
Association; Communist
Dr. Izzat MUSTAFA
(Azzat MOUSTAPHA)
Abdallah NASRAWI
Hamid SAID
Aziz SHARIF
Mukarram TALIBANI
(Moukarram TALABANI)
Member of the Revolution
Council Command; Minister
for Health; member of the
Regional Leadership of
the Ba'ath Socialist Arab
Party.
Ba'ath Socialist Arab Party.
Secretary-General of Move-
ment for Peace and Soli-
darity with the Peoples;
laureate of Lenin Peace
Prize; Member of the WPC
Presidential Committee; as
of August 1971 Minister of
State.
Judge in Civil Courts of
Iraq as of 2 April 1970;
CP.
Dara TAWFIQ
(Para TOUFIC) Engineer; member of Kurdish
Democratic Party.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Salih Abdullah AL-YUSUFI
(Salah EL-YOUSSFI)
Minister of State; member
of the Political Bureau
of the Democratic Party
of Kurdistan.
Writer and member of the
national council of the
Israel-USSR Friendship
Movement.
Political secretary of
Achdut Avoda, a small
socialist labor party now
a member of the government
alignment, and editor of
its organ Lamerchav; has
published a number of books
and articles on socialism,
and attended previous
World Peace Council meetings.
Wolf ERLICH Lawyer; leader of RAKAH
(new CP).
Official of HISTADRUT
(General Federation of
Labor); Israeli. represen-
tative to Moscow Disarma-
ment and Peace Congress in
1962.
Central Committee member,
MAPAM (United Workers
Party).
Member of editorial board
of Al Hamishmar, MAPAM
newspaper. (1962)
Tewfiq TOUBI Communist (RAKAH) repre-
sentative in Knesset.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Esther VILENSKA
Formerly a MAKI (Israel
Cp); member of the Knesset;
member of Movement for
Peace and Security (May
1970).
Gian Mario ALBANI
Mrs. Elvira BADARACCO
Ugo BARTESAGHI
Senator (independent);
Catholic, Secretary of
Senatorial Commission
for Labour and Social
Security.
Professor; Member of the
Milan Committee of the
P.S.I. (Italian Socialist
party); member of the
Bureau of the U.D.I.
(Italian Women's Union).
M.p.; member of the
Foreign Affairs Commission
of the Italian Parliament;
CP member.
Selvino BIGI Trade Union leader; Vice-
President of the National
Peasants' Association.
Sergio BOCHICCHIO Jurist; Chief Clerk at
the Audit Office.
Mrs. Valeria BONAZZOLA RUHL Fh. D., Senator; member
of the Senate Commission
for Public Instruction;
CP member.
Franco CALAMANDREI Journalist; Senator;
member of the Central
Committee of the Italian
CP; member of the Senate
Foreign Affairs Commission;
CP member.
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 i
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Luigi CABALIERI
Giovanni FAVILLI
Mrs. Dina FORTI
Andrea GAGGERO
Jurist; Advocate at the
Supreme Court of Appeal;
member of the National
Bureau of the Italian
Association of Democra-
tic Jurists; member of
far left Italian Socialist
Party of Proletarian
Unity (PSIUP).
Former Mayor of Bologna;
President of the regional
government of Emilia-
Romagna; member of the
National Bureau of the
Italian CP; member of the
Presidential Committee of
the WPC.
Professor; Director of the
Institute for General
Pathology at Bologna
University; Vice Mayor of
Bologna.
Publicist; political
functionary in the Central
Committee of the Italian
CP (foreign sector).
Member of the Executive
Committee of the I.C.D.P.
(International Confedera-
tion for Disarmament and
Peace); laureate of Lenin
Peace Prize; Secretary
General of Italian Peace
Committee.
Giorgio GIOVANNONI Ph. D. ; journalist;
editor of "Note di Cultura".
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Giangiacomo LATTANZI Lawyer; M.P.; member of the
Central Committee of the
Italian Socialist Party
of Proletarian Unity; Sec-
retary of the Commission
on Finance of Parliament.
Lucio LUZZATTO
Mrs. Lidia MENAPACE
Lawyer; Vice-President of
Parliament; member of the
Bureau of the Italian
Socialist :Party of Pro-
letarian Unity; member of
Presidential Committee
of WPC; laureate of Joliot-
Curie Medal.
Professor at Milan Univer-
sity; member of the National
Bureau of the Italian
Women's Union.
Luciano MENCARAGLIA Professor; former member
of the Senate Presidium;
President of the Council
of the Province of
Siena; member of the
Secretariat of the WPC;
former head of the
Italian Peace Committee.
Alessandro MENCHINELLI Senator; member of the
Bureau of the Italian
Socialist Party of Pro-
letarian Unity; member of
the Senate Commission
for Public Health.
Cesare MUSATTI
Professor at Milan
University; President
of the Italian Society
of Scientific Psychology.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Mrs. Marisa PASSIGLI
Luigi PASSONI
Antonio PESENTI
Member of the National
Bureau of the Italian
Women's Union; member
of the C. C. of the
PSIUP (Italian Socialist
Party of Proletarian
Unity).
M.P.; Doctor of Econo-
mics; member of the State
Budget Commission of
Parliament; member of
far-left Italian Socialist
Party of Proletarian
Unity.
Economist; Professor of
Financial Science and
Financial Law at Pavia
University.
Mario PRIMICERIO
Umberto TERRACINI
Cesare ZAVATTINI
JAPAN
Prof. Kozo ABE
Tomohi ABE
Professor at Florence
University; member of the
"Circolo di Cultural'
of Florence.
Lawyer; Senator; Chair-
man of the P.C.I. group
in the Senate; former
President of the Constituent
Assembly; CP member.
Writer; film director;
member of the Presidium
of the Italian-Soviet
Friendship Association;
International Peace Prize.
Professor of Western
History at Tokyo Metro-
politan University.
Novelist.
Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Ichio ASUKATA Mayor of Yokohama; lawyer.
Masaharu HATANAKA Director of Japan-Korea
Association.
President of Japan Peace
Committee; former member
of Parliament; member of
the Presidential Committee
of the WPC.
President of all Con-
struction Ministry Workers'
Union
Makoto HORI Chairman of Japan Peace
Committee.
Miss Ayako ISHII
Presidium Member of New
Japan Women's Association;
Official, JCP Director,
Japan-Korea Society.
President of Japanese
Federation of Women's
Organizations.
Prof. Hajime MATSUURA Biologist; Honorary
Professor at Hokkaido
University; contributor
to CP publication
"Akahata".
Rev. Shojun MIBU Buddhist Priest.
Prof. Seiya MUNAKATA
Kaoru OTA
Mrs. Ryuko OYAMA
Professor of Education,
Tokyo University.
Former President of
CAHYO
Vice-President, Japan
Peace Committee.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Professor of Nuclear
Physics at Nagoya Uni-
versity; active in
Gensuikyo, critical of
JCP-CCP split.
Prof. Kiyoshi SAKUMA Prof, of Physics,
Hiroshima University.
President of the Movement
"Singing Voices of Japan";
laureate of Lenin Peace
Prize; JCP member
Kanej iro SENAGA
Prof. Hiroshi SUEKAWA
Shinichi TAKAHASHI
Kiyoomi TAMAN
Satsuo YAMAMOTO
Dr. Kenjuro YANAGIDA
President of Okinawa
People's Party.
Rector of Ritsumeikan
University.
Historian; member of
Science Council of Japan;
President Tokyo Peace
Committee; Akahata
contributor.
Lawyer.
Cinema producer.
Philosopher; President
of Association for
Education of Workers.
Dr. Kaoru YASUI Professor of International
Law at Hosei University.
Itaru YONEHARA Presidium member; Japan CP.
Kinnosuke YOSHIMURA President of Democratic
Youth Federation of Japan.
Rev. Nitatsu FUJII Buddhist Priest.
92 -
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Prof. Tsugimaru IMANAKA
Torazo NINAGAWA
Tadayoski OBATA
Rev. Ryokei OHNISHI
Sulayman NABULSI
(H.E. Suleiman NABULSY)
Isa MADANAT
(Issa MDANAT)
Honorary Professor of
Saga University.
Governor of Kyoto
Prefecture.
Buddhist Priest; Presi-
dent of Japan Religionists'
Council for Peace.
Former Prime Minister;
Senator; Chairman,
National Front of Jordan;
Secretary-General
National Peace Council;
Chairman Jerusalem
Liberation Committee.
Secretary National
Peace Council; CP
Politburo member.
PAK Chong-Ae
(Jeung Ai PAK)
KANG Yang-Uk
(Ryang Ouk KANG)
YI Ki-Yong
(Gui Yeung RI)
SO Chol
(Tchel SE)
CHO Chin-Suk
(Jim Souk JO)
Member of the Presidential
Committee of the WPC.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
KIM Sang-Chun
(Sang Joun KIM)
YI Yong-Sik
(Yong Sik RI)
YI Kyong-Suk
(Kieung Souk RI)
CHON Chang-Chol
(Tchang Tchel JEUN)
YI Chong-Chol
(Jong Tchol RI)
Sheik Abdallah AL-AYYALI
(Sheik Abdallah ALAYII)
Linguist.
Georges ABU-CHAAR
(Georges ABOU-CHAAR)
Dr? Hashim AL-HUSAYNI
(Dr. Hachem El-HUSSEINI)
Farrukh MASARANI
(Farouk MASSARANY)
Karim MURUWWA
(Karim MROUE)
Maruf SAD
(Maarouf SAAD)
M.P.; President of
the Lebanese Peace
Movement.
M.P.; Former Minister
of Interior.
Lawyer; General-Secretary
of the Lebanese Peace
Movement; member of the
Presidential Committee
of the WPC.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
MADAGASCAR
Richard ANDRIAMANJATO M.P.; Chairman of the
Municipal Council of
Tananarive; Co-President
of the Madagascar Peace
Committee; member of
the Presidential Committee
of the WPC.
Rev. Jean RABEMANAHAKA Member of the Church of
Christ of Madagascar.
Mlle Gisele RABESAHALA General-Secretary ofe
Madagascar; General-
Secretary of A.K.F.M.
(Congress Independence
Party of Madagascar).
Henri RAKOTOBE Co-President of the
Madagascar Peace Committee;
President of the Solidarity
Committee of Madagascar.
Dr. Charles RANDRIANANJA Physician; Chairman of
the National Society of
Physicians.
Arsene RATSIFEHERA Member of the Municipal
Council of Tananarive;
Secretary of the Mada-
gascar Press Trade Union;
General-Secretary of the
Madagascar Peace Committee.
Dr. Jean RATSIVAHINY Physician; ecretary of
the Union Qualified
Physiciai Df Tananarive.
Bougary SACKO
Vice-President of Mali
Committee of Afro-Asian
Peoples' Solidarity Or-
ganization.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Cheick SACKO
Sekou SOUMANO
Abdoulaye SOW
Samov TOURE
Secretary of the Mali
Peace Movement.
General-Secretary of
the Mali Peace Movement.
President of the Mali
Peace Movement.
General-Secretary of Mali
Committee of Afro-Asian
People's Solidarity Or-
ganization.
Agness CHAKOWA
Leetooraj CHUNDRAMUN
Dr. Vivekand DEONARAIN
Beeshamsingh DOORGA
Mrs. Ghislaine Chan FOCK
Guy Renard Desire FRANCOIS
Rajan NEPAUL
Satyanund PELLADOAH
MEXICO
Member of the Municipal
Council; Chairman of the
Central Committee of the
Communist Party of Mauritius.
General Secretary of
Mauritius Peace Council;
Chairman of the Mauritius
Women's Committee.
Civil Engineer.
David ALFARO SIQUEIROS
Painter; Laureate of
Lenin Peace Prize
General; former Presi-
dent of the Republic of
Mexico; Honorary Presi-
dent of the WPC.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Arturo ORONA Leader of Peasant Movement.
MONGOLIA
Choij i:tyn CHIMID
Erdenebattn OYUUN
(Erdenbatyn OYUN)
Badzaryn SHIRENDEV
(Bazaryn SHIRENDEV)
Dundogyn TSEBEGMID
(Doudogyn TESVEGMID)
*Chairman of the Mongolian
Peace Committee.
*Member of the Presidium
of the Mongolian Peace
Committee.
*President Mongolian
Academy of Science;
President of National
Assembly; member of the
Presidium of the Mongolian
Peace Committee; CP
member.
*Member of the Presidium
of the Mongolian Peace
Committee?
*A11 members of the Central Committee of the
Communist Party.
MOZAMBIQUE
Moises Machel SAMORA
Marcelino DOS SANTOS
NAMIBIA
Sam NUJOMA
Member of the Presidential
Council of FRELIMO (Front
for the Liberation of
Mozambique).
Member of the Presidential
Council of FRELIMO; member
of the Presidential Committee
of the WPC.
SWAPO (South West African
Peoples' Organization).
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Nilambar ACHARYA
Journalist; Secretary,
Nepal World Peace Pro-
motion Committee.
Bhikshu AMRITANANDA
Ramhari SHARMA
Krishna Prasad SHRESHTA
Buddhist leader.
President, Nepal World
Peace Promotion Committee.
Writer, CP member.
Dr. Rosendo ARGUELLO
Doctor of Medicine;
political leader;
involved with high-
level Costa Rican CP
members.
Okunola ADEBAYO
Yerima BALLA
Peter A. Curtis JOSEPH
Akin Olubeye SIKUADE
Public figure; Minister
of former Western
Nigeria Government.
Commissioner for
Community Development,
North East State.
Businessman; freelance
writer.
Legal Practitioner.
Alhaji S.A. Tanko YAKASSAI
NORWAY
Pastor Ragnar FORBECH
Commissioner for
Information, Kano State.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Prof. Dr. Gustorm GJESSING
Dr. Nic STANG
PAKISTAN
General Secretary, East
Pakistan Peace Committee;
journalist; News Editor
of Daily Sanghad, Dacca;
Executive Committee mem-
ber, East Pakistan Union
of Journalists, Dacca;
CP member.
Poet; laureate of Lenin
Peace Prize.
President, East Pakistan
Peace Committee; Presi-
dent, National League of
Pakistan; Advocate at the
Supreme Court of Pakistan;
Chief Minister of East
Pakistan; probably CP
member.
Dr. Haidar ABD-AL-SHAFI
(Dr. Haidar ABD EL SHAFEI)
Head of the United
National Front of Gaza.
Yasir AMR
(Yasser AMRO)
Ibrahim AWDA
(Ibrahim AUDEH)
Abd-al-Rahman AWADALLAH
(Abdelrahman AWADALLAH)
Member Palestinian
National Council.
National United Front of
Gaza.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Khalid FAHUM
(Khaled FAHOUM)
Member of the Planning
Centre; member of the
National Council of the
Palestinian Liberation
Organization.
Yahya HAMMUDA
(Yahya HAMMUDEH)
Abd-al-Karim KARMI
(Abdel Karim KARME)
Dr. Nadim NAHWI
(Dr. Nadim NAHAOUI)
Jamal SURANI
(Jamal SOURANI)
Colonel Hussam al-Din TAHBUB
(Colonel Houssam El-Din
TA HBOIJB )
Member of the Palestinian
National Council.
Poet; Secretary Palestine
Peace Committee.
Representative of the PLO
in the U.A.R.; member of
the National Council.
Palestine Liberation
Army.
Now peasant leader; 201-
from labor leader; CP
leader.
Nathaniel HILL ARBOLEDA
P. Adriano MONTALVAN
Carlos Jeronimo NUNEZ
Journalist; businessman;
Finance Secretary CP 1967.
Builder; member CP fronts-
1969.
Leader of student move-
ment; 201-Acting Secretary
Finance CP 1967.
Lawyer; Professor;
sympathizer CP 1967.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Jose Asuncion FLORES
Elvio ROMERO
PERU
Dr. Asuncion CABALLERO
MENDEZ
Benjamin DOIG
Musician; composer.
Doctor of Medicine;
Co-President of Move-
ment for National
Sovereignty, Inter-
national Solidarity and
World Peace; member of
pro-Soviet CP of Peru.
Co-President of Move-
ment for National
Sovereignty, Inter-
national Solidarity
and World Peace.
Chairman of Communist-
controlled C.G.T.P.
(Peru General Confed-
eration of Labour);
member of Central Com-
mittee pro-Soviet CP
of Peru.
Francisco MONCLOA Journalist; leader of
the "Unity of the Left".
Dr. Ezequiel Ramirez NOVOA Lawyer; publicist; leader
of Movement for the De-
fense of Peruvian Petrol
and National Wealth;
Co-President of the
Movement for National
Sovereignty, Interna-
tional Solidarity and
World Peace.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Dr. Hugo PESCE
Scientist; member of
Peruvian Academy of
Medicine; member of
pro-Soviet CP of Peru.
Prof. Jerzy BUKOWSKI Former Rector of the
Poly-technical Institute
of Warsaw; Vice-Presi-
dent of the Polish Peace
Committee.
Prof. Boleslaw IWASZKIEWICZ
Jaroslaw IWASZKIEWICZ
Wincenty KRASKO
Prof. Stanislaw KULCZYNSKI
Jozef OZGA-MICHALSKI
M.P.; Professor at the
Poly-technical Institute
of Wroclaw; member of the
Presidential Committee
of the Polish Peace Committee;
member of the Presidential
Committee of the WPC.
M.P.; President of Polish
Writers' Association;
Vice-President of the
Polish Peace Committee;
laureate of Lenin Peace
Prize.
M.P.; Vice-President of
Polish Peace Committee;
head of Cultural Depart-
ment of the Central
Committee of the Polish
United Workers' Party.
M.P.; President of the
Polish Peace Committee.
Member of the State
Council; Vice-President
of the Executive
Committee of the United
Peasants' Party; Vice-
President of the Polish
Peace Committee.
- 102 -
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Stanislaw TREPCZYNSKI Economist.
Czeslaw WISNIEWKI Vice-Minister of Culture
and Art.
Emil WOJTASZEK Economist.
PORTUGAL
Vasco de MAGALHAES-VILHENA FormeroPhofetsor of
Phil the
University of Coimbra;
Docteur es Lettres;
writer; President of the
Portuguese Peace Move-
ment.
Silas CERQUEIRA
PUERTO RICO
Juan Mari BRAS
Research Worker at Paris
University (political
Science).
Lawyer; Secretary-General
of Independence Movement
of Puerto Rico.
Jose Enamorado CUESTA Writer; journalist.
Dra. Loida FIGUEROA Professor of History at
Puerto Rico University;
author of "A Brief History
of Puerto Rico"; leader
of Movement for the
Independence of Puerto
Rico in Majaguez; member of
Executive Committee of
Puerto Rico Peace Council.
Dr. Christian DAMBREVILLE Physician; member of
Reunion Presidential
Committee for Peace, against
Colonialism and Imperia-
lism.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Bruny PAYET
Journalist; member of
Reunion Presidential
Committee for Peace,
against Colonialism and
Imperialism.
Ion CARJE Journalist; Chief Editor
of "Lumea"; Secretary of
Romanian Peace Committee
and member of its Bureau.
Nestor IGNAT Journalist; Chairman of
Romanian Journalists'
Union; member of Bureau
of Romanian Peace Committee.
D. Tudor IONESCU University Professor;
Corresponding Member of
the Romanian Academy;
Chairman of the Romanian
Peace Committee.
Jean LIVESCU University Professor;
Corresponding Member
of the Academy; Rector of
the University of Bucharest;
member of the Bureau of
the Romanian Peace Committee.
Mrs. Sanda RANGHET Professor; Secretary of
the Romanian Peace Committee
and member of its Bureau.
SENEGAL
Gorgui N'DENE N'DAO
Bbacar DIOP
President of Senegal
Peace Movement.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Director of the House
of Youth and Culture;
General Secretary of
Senegal Peace Movement;
active in Communist and
Communist front activities.
Physician; Mayor of
Dakar; First Vice-Presi-
dent of the National
Assembly; member of
Presidential Committee
of WPC.
Moustapha NIASS Director of Information.
Abdel Kader SABARA Treasurer of Senegal
Peace Movement.
SOUTH AFRICA
Mrs. Hilda BERNSTEIN
Dr. Yussuf DADOO
Chief of Cabinet;
Chairman of the
Municipal Council of
Dakar.
Writer; (African National
Congress).
Vice-Chairman, Revolutionary
Council of the African
National Congress.
J.B. MARKS Treasurer, African National
Congress.
President, African National
Congress; member of Presi-
dential Committee of WPC.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Angel DOMINGUEZ
Enrique LISTER
Pablo PICASSO
Ricardo SALVAT
Employee; former Secre-
tary of WPC.
General; member of the
Presidential Committee of
the WPC; holder of Joliot-
Curie Medal; CP member
of pro-Soviet faction.
Painter; Honorary Presi-
dent of WPC.
Theatre Director.
* Membership as of 1970. As of late 1971, membership
of Spanish delegation under dispute.
SUDAN
Hassan al AMIN AL-SALAH
(Hassan EL AMINE ELSALEH) Ambassador; Member of
the Bureau of the Sudanese
Peace Movement; former
Secretary of WPC.
Fawzi al tum MANSUR
(Fawzi EL-Tom MANSOUR)
Ahmad SULAYMAN
(Ahmed SULEIMAN)
Member of the Sudan Bar
Association; former Judge..
Minister; member of the
Sudanese Bar Association;
former Minister of Agri-
culture; former SCP member;
Politburo member; Minister
of Industries and Mining.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Ibrahim Yusuf SULAYMAN
(Ibrahim Yousef SULEIMAN)
Former member of the
Supreme Sovereignty
Council of the Republic
of Sudan.
Dr. AL TAHIR ABP AL-RAHMAN
(Dr. EL TAHER ABD EL RAHMAN) Chairman of Sudanese
Medical Association.
Dr. AL TIJANI AL-MAHI
(Dr. EL-TIGANI EL-MAHI)
Professor at Sudan
University; former
member of the Supreme
Sovereignty Council.
Dr. Andrea ANDREEN
Sven HECTOR
Inge GUNNAR
Arthur LUNDQUIST
Wide SVENSSON
SWITZERLAND
Member of the Geneva
Municipal Council; mem-
ber of the Swiss Peace
Movement and of the
National Committee of
the Movement Against
Nuclear Weapons.
Jacques MUHLETHALER
President of the World
Association "Ecole
Instrument de la Paix".
M.P. (Socialist Party);
Swiss 'President of the
War Resisters' Inter-
national.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Jean ZIEGLER
Ahmad ABD-AL-KARIM
(Ahmed ABDELKARIM)
Muhammad ALI ADI
(Mohammed ALI ADI)
Mustapha AMIN
(Mustapha AMINE)
Suhayl GHAZI
(Souheil GAZI)
Mustapha HAMDUN
(Mustapha HAMDOUN)
Ibrahim HAMZAWI
(Ibrahim HAMZAOUI)
Omar QACHAQCHI
(Omar KACHACHE)
Fuad QADRI
(Fouad KADRI)
Murad QUWWATLI
(Mourad KOUATLY)
Nazim MOUSS
Nuri RIFAI
Prof. of History.
Former Minister;
Syrian Ambassador in
Belgrade.
Former M.P.
Lawyer; member of the
Bureau of the Syrian
Peace Movement.
Minister of Culture.
Former Minister.
Minister of Justice.
Vice-president, Syrian
Printers' Trade Union.
Former M.P.
Engineer; General
Secretary of Syrian
Peace Movement; member
of Presidential Committee
of WPC.
University Professor.
Lawyer.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Varouj SALATIAN
(Varoujan SALATIAN) Civil engineer; Sec-
retary of WPC.
TUNISIA
Sliman BEN SLIMAN
Noureddine BOUARROUJ
UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC
Physician; Chairman of
the Committee for Peace
and Freedom.
Head of the Works De-
partment of the Tunis
Faculty of Agronomy;
known Communist.
Mrs. Malak ABD-AL-AZIZ
(Mrs. Ma.lak ABDELAZIZ) Poet; Editor in chief
of "El Chark" monthly.
Ihsan ABD-AL-QUDDUS
(Ihsan ABDEL KADDOUS) Chief Editor of the
weekly review "Akhbar
el Youm"; novelist.
Muhammad ABU-NUSAYR
(Mohamed ABOU NSEIR) Former Minister of
Justice.
Mrs. Hikmat ABU-ZAYD
(Mrs. Hikmat ABOU ZEID) Member of the Central
Committee of the Arab
Socialist Union; former
Minister; University
Professor.
Tahir ABU-ZAYD
(Taher ABOU ZEID) Director of Middle East
Boradcasting.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Abd-Al-Halim Al-ASSAR
(Abdel Halim El ASSAR) Leader of the popular
resistance movement in
the city of Alexandria.
Ahmad BAHA-AL-DIN
(Ahmed BAHAEDDINE)
President of the Admin-
istrative Council of
the "Dar el Hilal"
Publishing House.
Abd-Al-Latif BALTIYAH
(Abdellatih BALTIYEH) President of the General
Union of Workers' Trade
Unions; Deputy Speaker
of the National Assembly;
Minister of Labor.
Mrs. Ingi AFFLATUN
(Mrs. Ingi EFFLATOUN) Painter.
Hussein FAHMI Chief Editor of the
daily "Al Akhbar".
Husayn FAWZI
(Hussein FAWZI) Writer; former deputy
Minister.
Lawyer; Secretary of
the Alexandria Peace
Committee.
Kamil-Al-Din HANNAWI
(Kamel el-dine HANNAWI) Former Deputy Speaker
of the National Assembly;
Secretary-General of the
International Conference
of Parliamentarians on
the Middle East.
Salah HIDAYAT
(Salah HADAIAT)
Former Minister of Scientific
Research; President of the
UAR Federation of Scientists
and adviser to the Presi-
dent of the Republic on
Scientific Affairs; Chairman,
Scientific Workers' Associa-
tion of the Middle East.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Salah JAHIN Poet; caricaturist.
Sabri Al-QADI
(Sabri EL KADI)
Ahmad A1-KHAWAJA
(Ahmed E1-KHAWAGA)
Said KHAYAL
Lutfi Al-KHULI
(Loutfi EL KHOLI)
Khalid MUHYI-AL-DIN
(Khaled MOHEI EL DIN)
M.P.; member of the
permanent secretariat
of the UAR Peace Council.
President of the Union
of Arab Lawyers; Presi-
dent of the UAR Lawyers'
Association; M.P.; mem-
ber of C.C. of the Arab
Socialist Union.
Retired judge.
Journalist.
UAR Peace Council; M.P.;
Member of Central Com-
mittee of the Arab Socia-
list Union; one of the
founders of the "Free
Officers" movement which
started the revolution of
July 23, 1952; known as
the "Red Major"; member
of WPC Presidential
Committee; laureate of
Lenin Peace Prize.
Najib MAHFUZ
(Naguib MAHFOUZ) Writer.
Mrs. Ceza NABARAWI
(Mrs. Ceza NABARAOUI)
Honorary president of
the W.I.D.F and one of
the founders of the
women's movement in
Egypt.
Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Ahmad UTHMAN
(Ahmed OSMAN)
Dean of the Faculty of
Arts at the Alexandria
University.
Mrs. Amina SAID
Dr. Rifaat Al-SAID
(Dr. Rifaat El SAID)
Fawzi SAYYID
(Fawzi SAYYED)
William SULAYMAN
(William SULEIMAN)
Editor-in-Chief of the
Review "Hawah".
Publicist; historian.
Secretary-General of
the International
Confederation of Arab
Trade Unions.
Assistant Councillor
of the Council of State.
Prof. J. BENTANCOURT DIAZ
Professor of Philosophy;
Chairman of the National
Peace Committee.
Mario GARCIA DOBAL
Dr. Walther A. PEREZ
Dr. Oscar MAGGIOLO
Dr. Edmundo B. SOARES NETTO
Secretary of the Peace
Committee.
Lawyer; Secretary of the
Peace Movement.
Engineer; Rector of the
National University.
M.P.; Lawyer.
U.S.A.
Dr. :Herbert APTHEKER
University Professor;
historian; member of
WPC Presidential Committee.
Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Mrs. Angie DICKERSON
Mrs. Madeline DUCKLES
Stanley FAULKNER
Co-Chairman of Emergency
Conference to End Re-
pression.
Women Strike for Peace
- West Coast; Committee
of the Concerned.
Attorney.
Dr. Carlton GOODLETT
Martin HALL
Mrs. Sylvia KISHNER
Mrs. Mary Louise LOVETT
Rev. Ray MICKLETHUN
Rev. Richard MORFORD
Physician; publisher;
Chairman of Committee
for International Peace
Action; New Mobilization
West; member of WPC
Presidential Committee.
Writer; member of Execu-
tive Committee of Peace
Action Council of Southern
California; member of
American Academy of
Political Sciences.
Secretary-Treasurer of
Chicago Peace Council;
New Mobilization Committee.
New Mobilization - West;
San Francisco.
University Christian Peace
Movement.
N.C.A.S.F.(National Council
for American-Soviet Friend-
ship).
Women Strike for Peace
(New York).
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Irving SARNOFF
Railroad mechanic;
Chairman of Peace Action
Council of Southern
California; member of
Steering Committee of
New Mobilization Committee.
Co-Chairman Chicago
Peace Council; Presi-
dent United Shoe &
Leather Workers of
America.
Rev. Cecil WILLIAMS Glide Memorial Church,
San Francisco; Clergy
& Laymen Concerned.
Doctor of Economic
Science; Director of
Institute of the Academy
of Sciences of the USSR.
Z. BABAKHANOV Moslem Mufti for Central
Asia and Kazakhstan.
A. S. BELIAKOV
Member of the Soviet
Peace Committee Presi-
dium.
Mrs? Y. K. BORISOVA Actress, People's Artist
of the Russian Federation.
V. S. YEMELIANOV
Corresponding Member of
the Academy of Sciences
of the USSR.
Academician; Vice-Presi-
dent of the Soviet Peace
Committee; member of the
Presidential Committee
of the WPC.
Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
J. FOLMANIS (Griva)
K. V. GOVORUSHIN
G. A. ZHUKOV
O. S. KHARKHARDIN
V. M. KHVOSTOV
V. P. KOMISSARENKO
Writer; Chairman of the
Peace Committee of the
Latvian SSR.
Lathe Operator at the
Kirov Plant in Leningrad;
Hero of Socialist Labor.
Political observer of
the newspaper "Pravda";
Deputy Chairman of the
Soviet Peace Committee;
Deputy of the USSR Su-
preme Soviet.
Member of the Presidium
of the USSR Supreme
Soviet; Hero of Socialist
Labour.
Public figure; Presidium
Member of the Soviet Peace
Committee.
Academician; President
of the Academy of Pedagogi-
cal Sciences of the USSR.
Member of the Ukrainian
Academy of Sciences;
Chairman of the Peace
Committee of the Ukrainian
SSR.
Writer; Vice-President
of the Soviet Peace
Committee; Deputy of the
USSR Supreme Soviet;
member of the WPC
Presidential Committee;
holder of the Joliot-
Curie Medal.
M. I. KOTOV General Secretary of the
Soviet Peace Committee.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Doctor of Science;
Deputy Chairman of the
International Federation
of Astronomers.
I. P. MELESH
N. V. MATKOVSKY
The Rev. PIMEN
P. T. PIMENOV
N. E. POLYANOV
Writer; Chairman of the
Board of Belorussian
Writers' Union.
Professor; Secretary
of the Soviet Peace
Committee.
Metropolitan of the
Russian Orthodox Church.
Secretary of the Central
Council of the Soviet
Trade Unions.
Writer; Chairman of the
Soviet Peace Fund;
Deputy to the Supreme
Soviet of the Russian
Federation.
Deputy Editor-in-Chief
of the newspaper "Izvestia";
Vice-President of the
International Institute
for Peace; member of the
Presidium of the Soviet
Peace Committee.
Chairman of the Presidium
of Associations for
Friendship and Cultural
Relations with Foreign
Countries.
R. I. ROZHDESTVENSKI Poet.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
V. M. TCHIKHVADZE
Mrs. V. V. TERESHKOVA-
NIKOLAYEVA
N. S. TIKHONOV
L. N. TOLKUNOV
Mizzo TURSUN-ZADE
N. M. VOSHCHININ
Director of the Institute
of Law of the Academy of
Sciences of the USSR; Vice-
President of the Soviet
Peace Committee.
Cosmonaut; Chairman of
the Soviet Women's Committee.
Writer; Chairman of the
Soviet Peace Committee;
Deputy of the USSR Su-
preme Soviet.
Editor-in-Chief of the
newspaper "Izvestia";
Deputy of the USSR Su-
preme Soviet.
Chairman of the Soviet
Afro-Asian Solidarity
Committee; Deputy of
the USSR Supreme Soviet.
Secretary of the Soviet
Peace Committee; Secre-
tary of the WPC.
VENEZUELA
Jose :Rafael GABALDON
General; publicist; holder
of Joliot-Curie Medal;
involved in Communist-
front activities.
Carlos Augusto LEON
Jose del Carmen MARCANO
Coello
(Jose MARCANO)
Poet; University Pro-
fessor.
Secretary of International
Relations at the C.U.T.V.
(United Workers' Federa-
tion of Venezuela.)
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Dr. :Ricardo MOLINA Marti
Surgeon; leading office-
bearer of the Medical
Association of Venezuela;
General Secretary of the
Peace Movement.
Dr. Cesar RONDON Lovera
Lawyer; Independent
Deputy; member of the
Executive Committee of
the International
Parliamentarians' Union.
Dr. Jose Vicento RANGEL M.P.; writer; lawyer.
Pedro Jose TORESS Finol presidentFofsthelSenate
of the Republic; General
Secretary of the Farmers'
Federation of Venezuela;
leader of the Movimiento
Electoral del Pueblo
(People's Election Move-
ment).
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
PHAM HONG
Prof. PHAM HUY THONG
TON DUC THANG
Journalist; General
Secretary of the DRV
Peace Committee; active
CP member.
Head of the Institute
of Archeology of the
DRV; Vice-President of
the DRV Peace Committee;
active CP member.
President of the Presi-
dium of the Central
Committee of the Vietnam
Patriotic Front, active
CP member.
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Minister; Vice-President
of the Vietnamese Peace
Committee; active CP
member.
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH VIETNAM
Nguyen VAN HUI
Member of the Presidential
Committee of the WPC.
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF SOUTH YEMEN
'Abdallah BA DHIB
('Abdalla BADLLB)
Minister; ,publicist;
unquestioned leader
of CP of South Yemen;
probably top native
Communist in Arab
Peninsula.
ZIMBABWE
Joshua NKOMO ZAPU (Zimbabwe African
People's Union).
George NYANDORO ZAPU.
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
AFRO-ASIAN PEOPLE'S SOLIDARITY ORGANIZATION
Yussef El-SEBAI
Secretary General (UAR);
member of Presidential
Committee of WPC.
representative from Tanzania
representative of a liberation
movement
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
ALL-AFRICAN TRADE UNION
Amadou N'DIAYE Permanent Secretary (Mali).
Mahjoub BEN SEDDIK Chairman (Morocco).
BERLIN CONFERENCE OF CATHOLIC CHRISTIANS IN EUROPEAN STATES
Otto Hartmut FUCHS
Editor-in-chief; Chair-
man of the Working Committee
of the Berlin Conference
of Catholic Christians
in European States (Berlin
GDR).
Jean-Marie COLLIGNON Abbot; member of the
International Cont.
Committee of the Berlin
Conference of Catholic
Christians in European
States (Belgium).
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DEMOCRATIC LAWYERS
Ahmed El-KHAWAGA (UAR).
Joe NORDMAN Secretary-General (France).
TRANG CONG TUONG (DRV).
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF STUDENTS
Mehdi El-HAFIZ Secretary-General.
UNION OF ARAB LAWYERS
Shafik ARUSHEIDAT Secretary-General.
WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC FEDERATION
Mrs. Cecile HUGEL Secretary-General (France).
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 Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600220001-7
Mrs. Hertta KUUSINEN President (Finland);
member of Presidential
Committee of WPC.
WORLD FEDERATION OF DEMOCRATIC YOUTH
Suchil CHAKRABORTY Vice-President (India).
Babacar N'DIONGUE Deputy Secretary-General.
Angelo OLIVA President (Italy).
WORLD FEDERATION OF TRADE UNIONS
Benedicto CERQUEIRA Secretary (Brazil).
Pierre GENSOUS Secretary General (France);
member of Presidential
Committee of WPC.
CONGRES PERMANENT D'UNITE SYNDICALE DES TRAVAILLEURS
DE L'AMERIQUE LATINE
Pastor PEREZ
President de la Condfede-
ration syndicale des
Travailleurs de la
Colombie.
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 Approved For Release 1999/ 8-02646R000600220001-7
Approved For Release 1999/08/2Qa A*RDP78-02646R000600220001-7