(SANITIZED)WORLD COMMUNIST AFFAIRS(SANITIZED)

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CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3
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RIPPUB
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S
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48
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December 22, 2016
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June 29, 2012
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1
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July 3, 1967
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PERRPT
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 i Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 SECRET SEP Iqnificant Dates EASTERISK DENOTES ANNIVERSARIES. All otters are CURRENT EVENTS I* Germany invades Poland; World War II begins. 1939. 3-8 17th Pugwash Conference on "Scientists and World Affairs," Ronneby, Sweden. 7-9 International Organization of Journalists. (Communist) Executive Committee meeting, Ulan Bator. 8 Summit meeting of Organization of African Unity, Kinshasa, Congo. II* Constituent Assembly election, South Vietnam. Despite Viet Cong threats, 80.8% of voters turn out. 1,966. 17* (Old Style: 4 Sept) Trotsky released from jail. Becomes head of Petrograd Soviet, sets stage for "October Revolutiop." 1917, FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY. 17* Soviet Union invades Poland, proceeds to occupy eastern half of country. (See under 23 Aug and I Sept above.) 1939. 25 (to I Oct) Fourth General Conference of BITE,J (Travel Bureau of World Federation of Democratic Youth -- Communist) meets in Budapest in conjunction with FIYTO (federation of non-communist commercial travel agencies). World Federation of Trade Unions.(Communist) Executive Committee meeting, Leningrad. Scientists conference on European Security, Vienna, sponsored by World Federa- tion of Scientific Workers (Communist). Indonesia Communist attempt coup, defeated by army. Sukarno's power reduced. 1965. .2* Mohandas Gandhi born. (Assassi.nated 30 Jinuary 1948.) 1862. 4* USSR launches first artificial earth sate~lite ("Sputnik"). 1957. 10th Anniv. 10* Wuchang Uprising begins revolution, leading to end of Chinese monarchy. Chi- nese Nationalist holiday. 1911. 14* Coup in Kremlin removes Khrushchev from power. Succeeded by Leonid Brezhnev as CPSU First Secretary and Aleksei Kosygin as Premier. 1964. 15-25 Conference on Portuguese Colonies, South and South-West Africa, Zimbabwe, and Rhodesia, Conakry, Guinea. Sponsored by the World Peace Council (Communist front). 16* Communist China explodes its first atomic device. 1964. 22* Cuban missile crisis. Presence of Soviet offensive missile sites confirmed. 28 October USSR agrees to withdraw missiles. 1962. 23* Hungarian uprising begins when secret police fire on orderly strators. Spreads nation-wide against the Communist regime. Soviet tanks November 4. 1956. student demon- Crushed by 26* Chinese Communist "volunteers" enter Korean War. 26* Republic of Vietnam proclaimed. 1955. t' C P D C T ,~. Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Next 2 Page(s) In Document Denied Iq Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 3 t 6 K t I RLD COMMUNIST AFFAIRS 23 May-19 June 1967 50X1-HUM 1. The outbreak of Israeli-Arab warfare finds all ruling CP leaders (except the Rumanians) on the side of Nasser and Co.; nevertheless, it exposes further cracks and conflicts in the Communist world, notably as: a. The Chinese attempt to exploit the disappointment of the Arabs with the Soviet failure to take effective action to support them, branding the Soviets as "the number one accomplice" of the U.S. in "jointly plotting the Israeli attack," "secretly flirting with I. while publicly condemning her"; the Soviet clique is "the worst traitor to the Arab people," a "hangman" repressing their struggles; a Soviet ship was the first to enter the reopened Gulf of Aqaba, and the Soviets are trying to sabotage the Arab oil embargo by selling their oil instead; etc. As the cease-fire urged by the Soviets (after the magnitude of I. military superiority became apparent) is achieved, China calls on-the Arabs to "plunge into redoubled, long-range, fierce struggle." And Peking reports warm reception of and gratitude for its support among the Arabs, with Arab papers republishing the above charges and calls. b. The Soviets strike back in a lower, more defensive key, exposing Chinese "fabrications," ridiculing Peking's repeated reference to the support of its 700 million people so far away (why didn't they use them in neighboring Indo- nesia or Vietnam?), and accusing it of provocation and "objective" collusion with the U.S. and Israel. c. The Soviets rally a Moscow summit of the,European ruling parties (minus Albania, of course) to sign a statement patterned on the Soviet example, -- but the Rumanians refuse to associate themselves with it because of its de- nunciation of the Israelis as aggressors, -- though Tito does sign. The Ruman- ians on the other hand, call for a fresh start at solving the problems on the basis of existing realities and the necessity for peaceful coexistence of both sides, -- while Radio Bucharest in Yiddish describes its new April treaty with Israel for expansion of trade and cooperation! Rumania offers emergency wheat shipments to the UAR -- as does ComChina, while some of the other Communist states are reportedly joining the Soviets in emergency resupply of military hardware. d. In Asia, the Mongolian Party subscribes to the Moscow Summit statement after it is published, while the N. Korean and N. Vietnamese parties are more sharply critical of U.S. "instigation and support" of the Israeli aggression thanMoscow. Cuba denounces as "capitulation" the UNSecurity Council cease- fire resolution agreed to by the Soviets. Only the Albanians among the ruling CPs join the Chinese in charging Soviet complicity with the U.S. e. A number of CPs, especially in the West, are reportedly torn between Soviet pressure for support and popular sympathy fdr Israel: the British CP reportedly e r A 0 E T (wro r,,+. ) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 5 L U K E I suffers numerous resignations after it opts for the Soviet line,, while the CPSUA avoids taking sides. The full story of such repercussions obviously 50X1-HUM remains to be told. 2. Elsewhere, the Chinese further exacerbate their isolation in the ICM by engaging in new "diplomatic" feuds involvin ersonnel and property, with the Mongolians Bulgarians and East Germans 50X1-F50X1-H U M and again scathingly attack the CPs of India and Japan 50X1-HUM They also increase the intensity of their media attacks on the Soviet revi- sionists (even apart from the Israeli-Arab conflict), -- and draw increased Soviet response. 3. Ceausescu-led Rumanian visit to Hungary before the Israeli-Arab outbreak produced the coolest communique yet seen in these EE bilateral UW meeting without even any reference to a cordial atmosphere or fraternal 50X1-HUM friendship, and a scheduled mid-June visit of the same Rumanians to Yugoslavia is indefinitely postponed after the Moscow summit And the E. Germans 50X1-H U M still angry at the Rumanians for establishing dip omatic relations with Bonn, front-page, after the Moscow summit the story of the new Israeli- 50X1-HUM Rumanian treaty expanding trade and cooperation. 4. The Soviets keep up their pressure for a world CP meeting, calling for it jointly in a communique with the Finnish CP 5. And the Albanians continue to broadcast messages purportedly from an underground anti-Gomulka Polish CP, this time a communication to comrades in the purported underground "Bolshevik CPSU" 6. Both Soviet and Chinese media publicize statements (too numerous to record) by fronts under their respective wings and following their respective lines on the Israeli-Arab conflict;those based in Peking also accuse the Soviet revisionists of collusion with the U.S. 7. Chinese media heavily exploit a Peking seminar) (sponsored by 50X1-HUM their captive Afro-Asian Writers' Bureau to commemorate Mao's "Yenan Talks," -- and frankly acknowledge that. it is "the first international meeting to pub- licize Mao's thought." (Most "foreign" names mentioned are readily identifiable as expatriates resident in Peking.) 8. As the first anniversary of the "outbreak" of the Cultural Revolution passes, the continuing welter of confused reporting indicates almost no Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 u L U R L I "progress," with wi~d violent or passive resistance -- or plain anarchy. The Army is ordered to assume full responsibility for cracking down 50X1 -H U M on lawlessness and maintaining order, yet it seems to be strangely reluctant or unable to act. Large-scale mobilization of urban personnel for field work on the summer harvest is reported. Foreign observers, Communist as well as non-Communist, attribute the almost hysterically xenophobic regime actions described throughout our Chronology as designed to divert the people's atten- tion from internal chaos and rally support under the banner of nationalism. 9. Peking tries to continue to keep the Hong Kong unrest stirred up, 50X1-HUM repeatedly calling on the HK people to organize and prepare to overthrow 50X1-HUM British rule, with the support of the 700 million Chinese: however a series of strike efforts fail and the situation seems to be stabilizing. 10. Chinese media urge guerrilla " els war" ~ overthrow.the re imes in 50X1-HUM India the Philippines and Thailand 50X1-HUM 11. In addition to their "diplomatic" feuding with Communist states the Chinese escalate feuds with Indonesia and continuing) and India 50X1-HUM tions -- if it were any country other than China. 12. The explosion of China's first hydrogen bomb draws much the same reaction from the various Communist media as the earlier A-bomb explosions (a one- 50X1-HUM sentence report citing NCNA for Soviet output). Warm congratulations from Ho Chi Minh are worth noting. 13. Our Chronology details) (considerable evidence of the Soviet regime's current difficulties in coping with a rising intellectual ferment and demand for freedom by its writers, revealing the picture of bland conformity at the 4th Congress of the Union of Soviet Writers conveyed by media reporting was phony and misleading. 14. The first Communist attempt to explain the reasons for the disastrous Arab defeat known to us comes in a June 13 Soviet Radio "Peace and Progress" broadcast: it cites as the principal factor that the Arab armies were composed of uneducated peasants. It also implies that the Arab soldiers may not have been enamored of the "transformations taking place in their country." (Included under Israeli-Arab round-up.) 15. PRAVDA again warns W. German that W. Berlin is not a part of it but is "an independent political entity." 3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 SECRET 17. ITALY: The Italian CP suffers a significant setback in an election polling 3 million votes, largely to the benefit of the left-Socialist splinter PSIUP. while the ruling center-left coalition also gains slightly. 50X1-HUM 18. E-W GERMANY: W. German Chancellor Kiesinger, replying to a May 10 letter from E. German Premier Stoph, proposes delegation of representatives for dis- cussion of practical problems of the divided Germanies. 50X1-HUM 19. NORTH VIETNAM: HOC TAP's commemoration of Ho Chi Minh's birthday seems to most observers to contain implicit criticism of Maoist deification 50X1-HUM and activities outside the Party framework. 2C). INDONESIA: On the )47th anniversary of the I. CP (PKI), Radio Moscow to I. admits that PKI leaders erred in the coup attempt but argues that the Party cannot be held responsible for errors of individual leaders. Peking publi- cizes a meeting of I. expatriates in Peking declaring that the PKI will lead a "people's war" to conquer the country. 21. JAPAN: Further splitting of the Japanese left as a result of the JCP- CCP conflict brings the formation of a new, rival "Japan-China Friendship Buddhists Council." 22. GHANA: Accra expels two Soviet and two Czech representatives for "wanton espionage" and other activities aimed at restoring Nkrumah to power, -- and warns "others" of those two countries to cease and desist under an implied threat of a break in relations. 50X1-HUM 23. BOLIVIA: Guerrilla activities cause growing concern, moving the Presi- dent to declare a state of siege. The Army is holding Debray for trial (#14) 50X1 -HUM despite an impressive French and international protest campaign -- including a plea by De Gaulle for Castro's theoretician of guerrilla warfare. Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 a L b n L I 24. VENEZUELA: The OAS has appointed a committee to prepare to hear Venezuelan charges of Cuban intervention, while former president Betancourt warns that 50X1-HUM V. and its neighbors should take combined action against Cuba if it does not cease. crr_0Gr Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Next 1 Page(s) In Document Denied Iq Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 A. The first anniversary of the outbreak of the "'Cultural Revolution" finds Peking regime propaganda trying to cdnvey its message through "cultural" matters (literature and art), and acknowledging that "at this stage of the struggle to seize power, contradictions of various kinds remain complex." Meanwhile, wall newspapers and posters describe chaotic, bloody clashes on a growing scale throughout the country, seemingly confirmed by a 7-point June 7 directive banning all forms of violence and illegal action and i~; ving the PLA (army) full responsibility for maintaining order everywhere (a man- date which seems to have made little difference as yet in the stance of local PLA commanders). Noteworthy items include: (1) May 23 opens (with a Lin Piao-led mass rally) a new propaganda barrage pegged to the 25th anniversary of Chairman Mao's brilliant work 'Talks at the Yenan Forum of Literature and Art,"' and including repeated references to "the forum on literary and art work in the armed forces in 1966 (Shanghai, February 2-20)" which "Lin Piao entrusted to Chiang Ching (Mrne. Mao)," -- a Mao-edited and -approved `summary" of which is published on the 28th. Also published for the first time are five of Mao's "militant documents on literature and art," three 'letters" and two "instructions" over the period 1944-1964, all of which are distributed in pamphlet form beginning June-1. (2) A June 1 joint RED FLAG/PEOPLE'S DAILY editorial commemorates the lst anniversary of "the first M-L big-character poster to appear in China," -- "a great strategic measure ... a battle order issued directly to the entire Party and to the people of the entire country." This editorial admits that contradictions remain complex in the struggle to "force the enemy finally to lay down their arms." (3) The 7-.point June 7 `circular" cracking down on violence and giving the PLA responsibility for maintaining order, first reported on that date by Tokyo YOMIURI's Peking correspondent Seki, is signed by the CCP/CC, the State Council, the CCP/CC Military Affairs Committee, and the CCP/CC Cul- tural Revolution Group. (4) On the day the circular appeared, a Peking poster by a visiting Yunnan group describes an uprising in that province of 30,000 "under the influence of a handful of power factionists within the Kunming Military Govt" who on 28-29 May besieged 2,200 members of the "Kunming Maoist Artillery Corps," killing 266 and injuring about 1,000. This is only one of a series of reports of similar nature by correspondents in Peking, and there is no indication of a slackening in the turmoil following the issuance of the directive to the PLA. (WCA Chrono Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 (5) Meanwhile, NCNA on the 11th announces that more than 29 million copies of THE SELECTED WORKS OF MAO TSE-TUNG;came off the press in China in the first 5 mo':hs of 1967, a 20% increase over last year and "two and one-half times the total number of copies published in the 15 years preceding the GPCR. "" (6) In contrast, PEOPLE'S DAILY on June 15 and 16 publishes "letters from readers'' and editor's notes "in response to Chairman Mao's call": "Economy must be practiced in making revolution." Advocated are "such 'small things' as withdrawing broadcast vehicles, stopping the practice of sending presents, and using clay paste instead of starch as glue." B. Concern with the summer harvest is expressed in a PEOPLE'S DAILY edi- torial of May 31 which calls it "an acute class struggle" and directs the immediate mobilization of the "poor and lower-middle peasants, all working people and revolutionary cadres" to work on it, -- and even more concretely by an NCNA report on the 15th: "In the past few days nearly 200,000 Red Guards, revolutionary teachers and students, commanders and fighters of the PLA, and cadres in govt. organizations have gone from Peking to the surround- ing ccuntryside to help bring in the wheat harvest, which promises to be excellent." C. Personalities at the top: Mao is reported meeting with pro-Chinese Ceylonese Communist leader N. Sanmugathasan on June 6, shaking hands with 80 international seminar participants June 9, and appearing in public at the Peking Opera on the 17th. Lin Piao gains even further prominence as he heads for the first time a large public gathering in the absence of ilao, the May 23 rally on the 25th anniversary of the Yenan talks, a performance which he repeats on June 9: his name is also on a newly-published book to be added to the Maoist classics, devoted to the 1966 forum which he "entrusted to Chiang Ching'' (para. Al). Chou En--lai is less visible, but there is no evidence that he's in trouble. Chen Yi continues to carry out his Foreign Minister duties in the face of Red Guard attacks. D. Internal failure hidden behind anti-foreign actions? Peking mobs demon- strate against the personnel and installations of eight foreign countries, four Communist and four non-Communist, including physical abuse and property damage in a number of cases (see details in subsequent chronology). A June 15 Tillman Durdin dispatch from Hong Kong to the NYTIMLS cites "politi- cal observers here" as interpreting these "xenophobic demonstrations as exercises in self-stiumulation and a substitute for achievement," used "to divert national attention from somber internal conditions and to keep stu- dents who are out of school and other revolutionary partisans in Peking excited and busy." Communist media also take this line: see Mongolian LINEN below, May 21--June 8. Guerrilla insurgents cause growing concern in Bolivia, moving President Barrientos to declare a state of siege June 7, 50X1-HUM after a band of 40 to 50 inflicted casualties on a crack Army unit May 30. Also on the 30th, the old-line CPs of Chile and Uruguay issue a joint 2 (WCA Chrono Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 declaration of support for the guerrillas. Meanwhile, the Army continues to hold Castro's French friend Debray for trial, to the accompaniment of French (and other) protests ranging from de Gaulle and the Papal Nuncio to the FCP newspaper L'HUAMA,J ITE. 50X1-HUM Highlights are: -- A PEOPLE'S DAILY Commentator article on May 25, warning that the "debt of blood, accumulated over more than a century, which British imperialism owes the Chinese people" is "no small one" and "must be repaid." --- PEOPLE'S DAILY editorial on June 3 calls on the HK people to organize and prepare to overthrow British rule: The evil activities and bloody persecution of our patriotic compatriots in HK by British imperialism absolutely cannot be tolerated by the 700 million Chinese people. Patriotic compatriots in HK and Kowloon, continue to mobilize and organize, fight on courageously against the wicked British imperialism, be ready at all times to respond to the call of the great fatherland, and smash the reactionary rule of British imperialismI" May 17 (delayed): A Ho Chi Minh. birthday commemoration article in N. Vietna- mese Party theoretical monthly HOC TAP is interpreted as implicitly criti- cizing the Maoists as it warns against "deification" of a leader, compares Ho's correct policies with the practices of "a certain leader" who "acts in accordance with subjective views" while ignoring party councils. It empha- tically warns against separating the wcrkers from ''the vanguard, the CP." May 19 (delayed)and June 2: PEOPLES DAILY devotes a whole page to India: "Revolutionary Rebellion Is the Only Way Out," beginning: "India is in chaos... The root cause of all these miseries is the reactionary rule of imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucratic and comprador capitalism, for which the Congress govt is the faithful instrument. It is this govt which has hired itself out to U.S. imperialism and Soviet revisionism.... The Indian people cannot build a new life for themselves if they do not rise in rebellion, overthrow the reactionary Congress rule and smash this man-eating social system.... At a time when the Indian people's struggle against Congress rule is surging forward vigorously, the traitorous Dange gang has come out chanting the charms of 'peaceful revolution.' ... It is benumbing the fighting will of the Indian people....` PD returns to the same theme on June 2. May 21 (delayed): Radio Tirana broadcasts in Polish a purported summary of an April 1 letter from an anonymous anti-revisionist Polish Communist to 3 (WCA Chrono Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 like-minded comrades in the `Bolshevik CPSU." May 21-June 8 The May 21 melee at the Ulan Bator railway station is inflamed to a major Mongolian-Chinese clas, with govern- ment notes and media exchanging mutual recriminations of provocation, abuse, and physical violence, and with anti-Mongolian demonstrations in Peking. PEOPLE'S DAILY Commentator on the 27th carries the attack to extremes of vituperation: "Tsedenbal and his like are a handful of spineless sycophants at the beck and call of their masters. They fawn on the Soviet revi- sionist ruling clique, cringe before them in the most servile manner, and sell out lock, stock and barrel the state sovereignty and national interests of Mongolia...." The last word on the subject to come to our attention is a June 8 article by UNEN's Commentator: "... Their vile attacks and filthy slander on socialist countries, including the MPH, exposes the true face of the present Chinese leader- ship, the face of great-power chauvinists and petty-bourgeois adven- turists.... explained by a wish to conceal from the Chinese people the bankruptcy of their adventurist policy, to distract the people from the serious situation at home...." 50X1-HUM May 22--27 The Soviet regime's diffi- culties in coping with rising intellectual ferment and demand for freedom by its writers are strikingly illustrated by developments of this period: -- Published accounts of the 4th Congress of the Union of Soviet Writers indicate that it generally continued in bland conformity with the Party line as set forth in Demichev's opening message, with the single exception of Cossack Sholokhov's free-wheeling diatribe. However, subsequent reports state that the record was heavily edited to eliminate evidence of bitter controversy, especially over the question of literary freedom and the harsh treatment of Sinyavsky and Daniel. PRAVDA's text of the Sholokhov speech, although strictly "Party-line" and repeatedly denouncing those within and without who call for literary freedom: (a) deplores "the open desire of our writers' leadership to conduct this Congress by avoiding sharp corners at all cost"; (b) expresses concern that the average age of delegates is near 60 and that ''abnormal mutual relations have developed with part of the young writers"; and (c) regrets the pointed absence (in Italy) of senior journalist Ilya Ehrenburg and implies that others have boycotted the Con- gress. The Western press gives heavy play to the following passage: "Recently. quite a few voices have been heard in the West militating for 'creative freedom' for us, Soviet Writers. These self-invited fans also include the CIA and some Messrs. Senators, inveterate White Guarde, the turncoat Alliluyeva _, and the not unknown Kerensky, who became a political corpse long ago. Look, into what amazing company our zealots of freedom of the press are falling. 4 (WCA ChronoCbnt.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 French novelist Lanoux makes the most direct reference to the Sinyavsky- Daniel case (after Jean-Paul Sartre and Louis Aragon boycotted the Congress .on this issue) -- '"Recent steps taken in this country have rejoiced your enemies and greatly disturbed your friends. Maybe it was a personal affair, but you must realize that literature belongs to the whole world." -- but Soviet media omit this in their reporting. The Congress and media also ignore a written message of greeting by American playwright Lillian Hellman who attended the opening session: it called for literary freedom and open discussion of problems. --- PRAVDA's report of the Sholokhov speech is the first Soviet media reference to Svetlana's defection since the brief March 13 TASS note that she had gone to India, but it triggers a series of subsequent attacks: (a) in an across-the-board May 27 PRAVDA editorial denunciation of U.S. "anti-Soviet provocations" ("... the Soviet citizen S. Alleluyeva, who was first taken by CIA agents from India to Switzerland and then recently brought to the U.S., is being used for the same unseemly purposes.'"); (b) May 31 KOMSO- MOLSKAYA PRAVDA's reprint of French CP's attack in May 28 L'HUMANITE DIMANCHE, with KP's own preface; and (c) three articles in June 7 LITERATURNAYA GAZETA, one original, signed "Valentin 008," and reprints of one from the French NOUVEAU CANDIDE and an Art Buchwald satire from NYPOST. - A notable absentee from the 4th Congress was Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, who became famous overnight in 1962 with publication of his account of life in a Stalin forced-labor camp: it was reported that he had addressed a message to the Congress which was circulating unofficially among delegates. On May 31, Paris daily LE MONDE publishes the text of this message (NYTIMES has English translation June 5). In it, he denounces "the oppression, no longer tolerable, that our literature has been enduring from censorship," reveals that he has been prevented from publishing the last 3 years, and charges that the State Security Committee (KGB, the secret police) confis- cated some of his writings and his files in 1965 and that this material is now being used in a campaign to defame him. He lists 24 outstanding Russian writers whose works have been barred in some way in the Soviet Union, many of whom were persecuted and perished in prison camps, and reminds the Union of its constitutional duty to protect and defend the rights of its members. Westerb correspondents in Moscow in the next few days report a joint letter to the Union signed by some 80 prominent Soviet writers endorsing the Sol- zhenitsyn appeal and calling for a public discussion of the evils of literary censorship. --- Moscow's two most famous young "rebel" poets, Yevtushenko and Voznesensky, figure prominently in the current turmoil. Y. was on a lone, free-wheeling tour of Spain and Portugal before the Congress, and was last reported seen in Lisbon May 16. TASS May 23 includes his name among several members who returned from foreign travels" in time for the Congress, but he not sub- sequently reported or seen attending: moreover, Reuters and UPI reporting on the above item state that Y. had cabled his support of the Solzhenitsyn appeal. V. did attend the Congress but reportedly signed the joint letter supporting the appeal: at the close of our period he is forced to cancel out of a June 21 engagement to read his poetry at NY's Lincoln Center Summer Festival, cabling the New York sponsors: "can't come.'' (WCA Chrono Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 --- On the other side of the coin, the 75--year-old liberal writer PaustovsY.y, who had. appealed for clemency for Sinyavsky and Daniel and was reportedly among the signers of the above joint letter, is awarded the Order of Lenin June 16. And Soviet youth monthly. Y appearing a few days after close of the Congress, carries two calmly, defiant poems ("Don't breathe down my neck") by leading liberal crusader`Tvardoysky, editor of NOVY MIR. May 23: The 147th anniversary of the Indonesian CP (PKI) is commemorated variously by Moscow, Peking and Hanoi. The latter, in a NHAN DAN May 23 article, lauds the PKI ("a main patriotic force in I.'), deplores the per- secution and massacre of I. Communists by "the I. reactionary forces," and "urges the I. authorities to set free" those still detained and "give up their policy of terrorism and repression." Pekin r ives low-key publicity highlighted by a May 28 account of a meeting of the Federation of I. Stu- dents in China addressed by Supeno, "a member of the PKI/CC delegation in the CPR," who declared that the PKI would"lead a people's war from country- side against the cities until all I. is conquered." Radio Moscow to I. on the 23rd admits that "a number of PKI leaders violated the political line laid down by the Party program" but argues that the Party "cannot bear responsibility if errors are committed by individual leaders." May 23, 29, 30: Chinese media try to incite Communist- led revolution in the Philippines. Radio Peking in Tagalog on the 23rd broadcasts a purported "Statement by the Philippines CP" which "promises to launch a life-and- death struggle'" against the American imperialists, their reactionary allies within the country, and the Soviet-led modern revisionists. NCNA on the 29th reports that "'the P. People's Liberation Army led by the P. CP (PKP) has recently stepped up the guerrilla warfare on Luzon Island and has scored one victory after another." Next day Peking broadcasts a similar report in Tagalog and a PEOPLE'S DAILY commentary greets it as "heartening news." It concludes that "the P. revolutionary people will certainly win final victory after protracted arduous struggles if, armed with Mao Tse-tung's thought, they fight a people's war, establish revolutionary base areas, and encircle the cities from the countryside." 50X1-HUM Mir 23 Most Communist states are deeply involved in or intensely preoccupied with the Arab-Israeli struggle, which serves as a new subject for Sino-Soviet recriminations. Highlights include: -- A May 23 Soviet Govt statement which cites Israel's war-like moves, with "the direct and indirect encouragement... from certain imperialist circles which seek to bring back colonial oppression to Arab lands," and asserts flatly that: "Should anyone try to unleash aggression in the Near East he would meet not only with the united strength of Arab countries but also with strong opposition to aggression from the S.U. and all peace-loving states...." - A May 27 Chinese Govt statement denounces the US and USSR even more harshly than Israel: 6 (WCA Chrono Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 ""U.S.imperialism is at present hatching a big plot of aggression against Syria, the UAR and other Arab states by making use of Israel.. The Soviet revisionist leading clique (SRLC) is the number one accomplice of U.S. imperialism... Once again it is colluding with U.S. and British imperialism, busily working to strike a political deal with them and actively peddling its sinister ware of the 'Tash- kent spirit' in a vain attempt to sabotage the just cause of the Arab people.... The Arab people ... will surely recognize the SRLC in all its ugliness as a betrayer of the interests of the Arab people and will never be taken in by it....` -?- NEW TIMES May 31 (after the UAR closes the Gulf of Aqaba) denounces, along with "imperialist provocateurs who would like to aggravate the crisis," "the Chinese leaders, who call themselves 'sincere friends' of the Arab nations, while at the same time urging them to 'fan the flames of struggle' in the Near East." -- PEOPLE'S DAILY June 2 strikes back at the NEW TINES article "virulently attacking China," calling it "babbling nonsense." -- On June 6, the day after the armed conflict began, the SovGovt issues a fairly restrained statement condemning Israel for initiating aggression, blaming no one else for complicity, declaring "its resolute support for the govts and peoples" of the Arab states, demanding that Israel "stop immediately and unconditionally its military actions" and "pull back its troops beyond the truce line." In contrast, the Chinese Govt statement same day declares: "The SRLC has connived at the aggression committed by Israel at the insti- gation and with the support of U.S. imperialism, thus once again revealing its ugly features as a betrayer of the Arab people." As for support, it says: "The Chinese Govt hereby solemnly declares: Armed with Mao Tse- tung's thought, the 700 million Chinese people who are victoriously carrying on the GPCR absolutely will not allow the U.S. imperialists and their collaborators to ride roughshod and commit aggression every- where. We firmly stand on the side of the Arab people and resolutely support them in their just war against U.S.-Israeli aggression. Vic- tory will surely belong to the heroic fighting Arab people!" PEOPLE'S DAILY same day goes much further: "U.S. imperialism and its lackey have unleashed a war of aggres- sion.... British imperialism is also an accomplice.... The SRRC is again playing the shameful role of number one accomplice.... A large number of Soviet war vessels havesteamed into the eastern Mediterranean, exchanging fraternal greetings with the warships of the U.S. 6th Fleet on the high seas.... The SRC is bent on stamping out the flames of the Arab people's just struggle in collusion with U.S. and British imperialism. Its act of betrayal has added greatly to the aggressive arrogance of Israel...." 7 (WCA Chrono Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Indicative of the conflicting -pressures on many CPs with sizable Jewish membership is the vacuous June 6 statement by CPUSA GenSecy Gus Hall, as reported by TASS: "Whatever one's views on the crisis in the Middle East may be, there can be only one conclusion regarding the military struggle which has erupted between Israel and the Arab states. It is a wrong war. It is a war which benefits only the U.S. and British oil monopolies and no one else...." And AP London reports on June 18 that the British CP's endorsement of Moscow's position "resulted in many resignations of Jewish members." -- A June 9 Moscow summit of the chiefs of 7 European Communist countries (Bulgaria, East Germany, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Rumania, and Yugoslavia) and the USSR produces a joint statement along the lines of the June 6 Soviet statement --- which Rumania refuses to sign, -- although Tito does,his first _~oint action with the Soviet Bloc since his split in 191+8. Next day, the USSR, and Bulgaria, and Czechoslovakia break relations with Israel (allegedly because the latter ignored the UN Security Council call for a cease-fire) followed by E. Germany, Poland, and Hungary on the 12th; and Yugoslavia on the 13th: Rumania refrains from taking the step. The premiers of these (except non-member E. Germany), including Rumania (and Mongolia) follow Kosygin to N.Y. for the Soviet-initiated UN General Assembly session beginning the 19th. On June 11, as the shooting inthe Mideast had practically ended, PEOPLE'S DAILY front-pages a call to-the Arabs to renew their fighting, citing Mao's dictum: "fight, fail, fight again, fail again, fight again ... til. their victory...." Again branding the Soviets as "a false and treacherous friend'' which had "Jointly plotted the frantic Israeli attack" with the U.S. as a "`political maneuver to trap the Arab countries," PD declares that the Soviets were ""secretly flirting with I. while publicly condemning it, stating that "a Soviet vessel was the first ship to pass the Gulf of Aqaba" after I. took command of the Tiran Straits. 'J The Soviet revisionist clique is a heinous %rindler specializing in double-dealings, the worst traitor to the Arab people, in collusion with U.S. and British imperialism, a hangman suppressing the Arab people's struggle against aggression." "Arab people, unite! Make sustained and redoubled efforts! Plunge into long-term, fierce struggles! The 700 million Chinese people are behind you. So are all the revolutionary people the world over. Final victory will surely belong to the heroic Arab people!" In a June 13 round--up of Arab "praise for China's genuine support and con- demnation of Soviet betrayal," NCNNA says that the Iraqi papers AL-?JUMHUIYAH and AL-MANAR republished this editorial. 8 (WCA Chrono Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Beginning June 7, massive demonstrations of hundreds of thousands in Peking denounce the Soviet revisionists as well as the imperialists. TASS on the 13th reports a Soviet Foreign Ministry protest which demands that the Chinese "take measures to insure conditions necessary for the normal work and security of Soviet representatives in China." -- IZVESTIYA begins a counters-attack in a Petrov article on June 12: Peking's declarations about its readiness to send the entire Chinese population of 700 million as armed assistance to the Arabs are an utter absurdity not to be taken seriously because of geographical, transport, or military consider- ations. The calls from Peking are either a provocation of politicians or a cry of despair from frightened-to-death petit-bourgeois who do not believe in the final victory of the liberation movement. Radio "Peace and Progress'` to Asia on the 14th again brands the reference to 700 million Chinese sup- porters as "sheer nonsense" and asks: "if it were so simple to send 700 million people to the other end of the world, then why did Peking not send them to Indonesia or Vietnam which are much nearer?" It goes on to brand "the call to employ nuclear weapons in the Near East "as" nothing less than a criminal venture." -- An interesting Communist effort to explain the reasons for the Arab defeat was made in a Radio "P & P" broadcast to in English Asia June 13: "First of all, it is necessary to denounce as imperialist lies and slander that claim that the reason for the defeat was the social and economic transformations which were carried out in the progressive Arab countries...:" The Israeli forces represented a well-trained army of educated men, equipped with modern weapons.... The Arab armies were also equipped with modern weapons.... However, if we examine the ranks of the Arab armies, we shall see that they are composed of peasants, most of them with faulty education, not always able to make the best of modern weapons, not always under- standing the significance of the social and economic transformations taking place in their country. This was the big difference...." Algerian dictator Boumedienne flies to Moscow for secret talks June 12- 13, and leaves without any word of pledges: however, his Foreign Minister Bouteflika in Kuwait for an Arab FM conference is reported by Reuters as stating on the 17th that the USSR had promised to compensate the Arab nations for the munitions lost in the lightening war. UPI correspondent Callcott moving to Athens from Cairo on the 17th reports new MIG fighters arriving in the UAR by air from the 15th on, apparently confirming a Belgrade June 17 report by NYTIMES correspondent Eder from "informed but unofficial Yugoslav sources and reliable Western diplomats" that the USSR "has flown approxi- mately 100 MIG fighters to Egypt to replace aircraft destroyed in the recent fighting." He-adds that "approximately 200 Soviet transport flights have been counted landing at Egyptian airfields over the past 10 days or so." Meanwhile, the Cairo authoritative newspaper AL AHRAM on the 11th reports 9 (WCA Chrono Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 that China has offered the UAR an er ;ency loan of $10 million in hard currency conditions or repay ent schedule and has offered to pro- vide 150,000 tons of wheat - about 10% of the UAR's annual import require- ments --?-- also without conditions. A London ECONOMIST June 10 report lends substance to the wheat story by stating that the Australian Wheat Board revealed that China had diverted four shipments of newly purchased Australian wheat to Egypt in recent months. -- On June 5, the day the Israeli-Arab fighting broke out, Bucharest Radio in Yiddish to North America describes increasing Rumanian-Israeli trade rela- tions, especially the agreements concluded during April 9-16 talks. Rumanian Party daily SCINTEIA June 13 commentary by "V. Iliescu" avoids placing blame for the Near East fighting on either side and urges the necessity "to proceed in everything from the existing realities created as a consequence of the social and political evolution of the postwar world, and from the need of coexistence and cooperation between the Arab states and the state of Israel.... On the l 6th, Rumania announces its offer to the UAR of immediate delivery of 50,000 tons of wheat, and 15,000 tons of corn, with `'conditions of payment to be established later," plus unspecified food to Syria. -- A _Cuban Govt declaration made public June 7 denounces the UNSC cease- fire resolution, adopted with Soviet support, as a "scandalous capitula- tion." Public criticism of the Soviet course is reported by AP Cairo on June 10, and AL AHRAM is mildly critical on the 12th: next day, however, it charges "certain imperialist circles" with furthering "an intentional, premeditated, anti-Soviet campaign." And Reuters reports from Warsaw on the 19th that Gomulka attacked some Polish Jews who "applauded Israel's victory and even organized drinking parties to celebrate it." NCNA June 16, on the basis of press reports, accuses the Soviets of "taking advent e of the oil embargoes carried out by the Arab countries against U.S. and British imperialism to sell its own oil to West European countries, thus sabotaging the Arab oil embargo and making profits in its own egoistic interest." TASS June 19 distributes a statement by Soviet Foreign Trade Minister Patolichev describing as "'sheer fabrication' the re- ports in the Western press that the S.U. is trying to take the place of the Arab countries in the oil market," the purpose of which is "to sow doubt in Arab countries about the position of their sincere friend, the S.U." He also asserts that the USSR sells no 'oil or oil products to Israel. May 23 and continuing: In addition to the heavy new barrage on the theme of betrayal of the Arabs, as described above, Chinese media attack the Soviet revisionists heavily on other old and new subjects throughout the period: collusion with the U.S. in many fields, with Japan, and with India; degenera- tion toward capitalism; a new characterization of the CPSU leaders as "red compradors" pursuing an "open door policy toward foreign monopoly capital," etc. They also produced their first attempt at "Kremlinology" -- the first of the highlights which follow: lb (WCA Chrono Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 -- NCNA May 29 notes that "A change in leadership has suddenly taken place recently in the USSR State Security Com&ittee KGB), an important tool of fascist dictatorship in the hands of the Soviet revisionist ruling clique (SRRC)." See #14, May 19.) It adds that at the same time KRASNAYA ZVEZDA carried an obituary on the unfortunate death, while executing "public duties, of Major General V. Lukshin, a leading member of the KGB responsible for armed forces security: moreover, it was "something quite abnormal" that the obituary was not accompanied by a photo and was merely signed by "a group of comrades." Also, on the same day, the celebration of the 45th anniversary of the Young Pioneers (Communist youngsters) in the 50th Anniver- sary year was not attended by a single_member of the hierarchy, though the 44th last year was attended by them al? 1. And on that same day "certain unusual things happened" in downtown Moscow, including the passage of "more than 20 trucks fully loaded with armynien, etc. -?- NCNA May 28 accuses the U.S. imperialists and SRRC of collaborating to "cook up a new round of anti-China hullabaloo in connection with an 'inter- view' allegedly given by Premier Chou En-lai" which was a "sheer fabri- cation" by Simon Malley. Although the Chinese Foreign Ministry Information Department issued a statement on May 16 denouncing it as a fabrication, Soviet, Hungarian, and Czech newspapers published the alleged "interview." "As late as 24 May, the Soviet LITERATURNAYA GAZETA published it and coupled it with an unscrupulous anti-China attack." ?- PEOPLE'S DAILY Commentator June 5: "Of lath the U.S. imperialists and SRRC have been very act* 50X1-H U M the question of Indian-Pakistan relations. They have produced s_____ sively a program for negotiations on the Kashmir issue, a suggestion for I. and P. to establish 'Joint enterprises,' a proposal for 'arms reduction by both countries, and so on. These multifarous proposals are motivated by the same aim: to coax and coerce P. into abandoning its independent foreign policy and allying itself with the I. reac- tionaries against China. This is part of the U.S.-Soviet conspiracy to build an anti-China ring of encirclement in Asia ....t. May 23 Soviet media respond to the increased intens50X1v HUM Chinese attacks, commenting frequently on: the "fierce struggles" going on inside China; repression of minority nationalities; increasing austerity, reduction in food production and wages; charges of outright lies; and the continuing charges of collusion with the U.S. -- especially pegged to the 133rd regular "secret" meeting of Chinese-U.S. ambassadors in Warsavr on June 14, after the Israelis had overrunning the Arabs. Noteworthy items include a broadcast by Radio Moscow in Mandarin to China on June 5, less than 2 weeks before the first Chinese hydrogen bomb explosion, discusses the heavy cost to the Chinese people of Mao's needless program of nuclear testing: in the huge economic burden, in the serious fallout risk to Chinese children (and those of its neighbors), and in increasing isolation of the Chinese "from the progressive people." May 24--26: A Ceauscescu Maurer-led Rumanian CP delegation visits Hungary: (WCA Chrono Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 the completely non-committal eommun q.e does not even mention a cordial or fraternal atmosphere, to say nothin&iof any agreement. May 25-June 34: New feuding breaks out between Chinese and Bulgarians in Peking and Sofia: -- Sofia May 30 reveals that the Bulgarian Foreign Ministry protested to the Chinese Embassy the "unprecedented and arbitrary arrest of First Secy of the Bulgarian Embassy Nikola Mulchanow in Peking on May 25 ... as well as ... the indecent attitude of the official Chinese authorities toward him," and "insisted that immunity and safety of Bulgarian diplomats be secured according to international norms and that conditions for normal activities of our Embassy be provided.... it -- NCNA June 10 reports a Chinese FTC note to the Bulgarian Embassy of that date "protesting strongly against the Bulgarian Govt for crudely wrecking the Sino-Bulgarian agreement on the exchange of students and deliberately aggravating relations ... by unreasonably declaring three Chinese students in Bulgaria 'personnae non grata6 (on May 29)." ?t... What is more infuriating is that some members of your Politburo and other responsible person of your Party, Govt, and Army have more than once openly and viciously attacked Chairman Mao by name, the great leader of the Chinese people and the red sun which shines in our hearts.... ... We must tell you in all seriousness that the Bulgarian revisionist ruling clique headed by Zhivkov has gone too far down the anti-China road. If you insist on serving as an-anti-China clown of the Soviet revisionists and being hostile to the 700 million ... you will surely come to no good end. l" -- NCNA on June 6 bitterly reports Bulgarian troop and police protection of the U.S. Embassy against "Arab and AfritS?= students" demonstrating "against the armed aggression...." -- Sofia BTA June 13 reports violent, slanderous demonstrations by thou- sands of Red Guards at the Bulgarian Embassy in Peking on the 11th and 12th: on the 14th it reports a Bulgarian FM "most energetic protest against the vicious anti-Bulgarian campaign and organized provocations"' in Peking, with a "demand that the CPR Govt take urgent measures" to stop the provo- cations and insure safety. May 27 highligi Chinese-Indonesian feuding continues, with -HUM -- I. Foreign Dept. note May 27 to C. Embassy charges CPR "neglected its responsibilities," to provide protection and security for I. diplomatic personnel and property, particularly in connection with the April 24+ expul- sion of two I. diplomats and requests assurances of future 50X1-H U Mn? (WCA Chrono Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 -- Tokyo KYODO May 30 reports a stat mn nt issued by the I. Embassy there accusing NCNA of disseminating "slaciderous news about I. atrocities against Chinese citizens" -- and going on to describe Chinese treatment of the above I. diplomatic personnel. -- NCNA reports three new Chinese Embassy protests to the I. Foreign Ministry charging as many new cases of I. persecution of Chinese nationals: dated May 27, June 5, and June 9, respectively. - NCNA June 15 reports a June 13 Chinese Embassy note to the I. FPS' refuting the (above) May 27 I. note, which "smeared the-C. Govt" and rejecting it as '?a gross insult to the C. Goat and people." The note concludes: ... You have not only failed to carry out your responsibility but have instead stubbornly intensified your acts, pushing relations of the two countries to the 'verge of a complete break. Before an abun- dance of facts and irorclid proofs, this account must be settled." Djakarta Radic ?Time 16 rcports Parliament's passage of a draft resolution which, "among other th- :.~.;7;s, .i.rged the Govt to take p-,;< ',tive and firm steps in its diplc::;-iatic rela.!.:tcns v1' h the CPR, and, neces s ,ray, to sever dip- lomatic relations with he C..R. i? It adds that Premier IK'alik said that we would sever diplomatic relations as a last resort and that the Govt would try to force the CPR Govt to repatriate its citizens from I." May 30: Tokyo ASAIII EVENING NEWS reports that "'repercussions are being felt in Japanese Buddhist circles from the various problems created in the Japan--China friendship movement by the confrontation between the CPS of Japan and Chinaresulting in the formation of a new Chinese-aligned. "Japan--China Friendship Buddhists Council" in opposition to the old JCP- aligned council of the same name. May 30, 31, June 1: Prague CTK reports from Peking May 31 that on the previous day two East German Embassy officials were surrounded by Red Guards and later taken to a police station "for reading public posters and leaflets" and ''provoking the revolutionary masses." That evening the Chinese FM pro- tests to the GDR Embassy against the conduct of the officials who "dis- turbed revolutionary order.` East Berlin ADF June 1 reports a strong GDR FM protest to the CPR Embassy against "a new violation of diplomatic immunity and the hindering of normal diplomatic activity of the GDR diplo- mats in Peking." It demands insurance that such incidents not be repeated. (WCA Chrono Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Hay 3l-June 5: Chinese media heavily exploit a Peking "seminar sponsored by the Afro-Asian Writers' Bureau to_commemorate Chairman Mao's 'Talks at the Yenan Forum ...' see China, above)." Kuo Mo-jo's closing address acknowledges that it is "the first international meeting to publicize Mao Tse--tung's thought." "Over 80 friends from 32 countries and regions" who had participated are received June 9 by Mao, Lin, Chou, and the remainder of the hierarchy in good standing. Most of the names mentioned can be readily recognized as persons residing in Peking. June 1: PEOPLE'S DAILY (according to NCNA) "hails the growth of the Thai people's armed strums le in a commentary entitled: "Fire Is Raging Ever More Fiercely. " June 1, 2, 5: On June 1, Venezuela formally calls on the Organization of American States to schedule a meeting of foreign ministers to deal with the charges of Cuban intervention in her affairs and those of other nations. (See #14, may 12, for Cuban Army landing attempt.) The OAS Council on the 5th appoints a 9--member committee to prepare for such a meeting. Meanwhile, former V. President Betancourt in a June 1 V. telecast, foresees the time when V. and other neighboring countries should take combined action against Cuba unless Castro ceases his aggressive policy. And V. Interior Minister Leandro announces that one of the 3 Cuban captives hanged himself in his cell on the 2nd. June 3: NCNA London reports: "Inspired and instigated by the British official quarters and bourgeois propaganda machine, a handful of provocateurs in the service of B. Imperialism this morning made trouble in front of the office of the Chinese Charge d'Affaires here. They overreached themselves in conducting another brazen provocation against the great Chinese people." It adds that the Chinese "lodged a strong protest with the B. Foreign Office against these shameless provocations." W. Germ gem, replying to E. German Premier Stoph's May 10 letter sends a letter offering to name a deputy 50X1-HUM to discuss Dra cuical pro p r o b l e m s the divided Germanies with an equivalent representative of the E. German regime. The E. Germans bridle at K's avoidance of the use of their name for the E. German regime and Stoph's official title, but indicate that they will give further consideration to his proposal. June 6: Reuters reports from Accra: "Ghana today expelled two Soviet "journalists and two Czechs, a journalist and a diplomat, for what the Govt described as activities aimed at bringing former President Nkrumah back to power." The Govt statement said they had engaged in ''wanton acts of espionage"? and warns '`other diplomats, representativesand citizens of these two countries engaged in similar activities to stop or else the Govt would be forced to review its relations with (them)...." 14+ (WCA Chrono Cont . ) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 June 6???7: A visit of a top-level Finnish CP delegation to Moscow produces a lengthy communique which includes a call for a new international. CP confer- ence. June 10: NCNA reports that on June 6 Arab and other foreign students demon- strating before the U.S.I.S. reading room in Belgrade "were subjected to savage repression by the armed police. of the renegade Tito clique.`' Arab students are reported "seriously wounded" after they "hauled down the U.S. flag and burned it.", June 11: The Italian CP, suffers a significant setback as 3 million voters, mostly in Sicily, go to the polls in Italy's last major election before the national parliamentary vote next spring, as reported by WASHINGTON POST'S Rome correspondent Wollemborg. Most Communist losses appear to benefit the left-wing Socialist splinter, PSIUP, but the ruling center-left coalition also manages slight gains. June12: PRAVDA commentator Grigoryev, condemning recent W. German politi- cal activity in W. Berlin (visit of President Luebke and plan to conduct Bundestag sessions there in late June), warns: N. Berlin has never been, is not, and will not be part of the Bonn state. It is an independent political entity." Same day E. German party daily NEUES DEUTSCHLAND front-pages a report of the new Ri.m aniarr-Israeli "treaty on the expansion of mutual trade and on the intensification of economic, technical, and scientific cooperation" (see also Rumanian item under Near East fighting, above). '`The Rumanians have reportedly been generous in allowing the Israelis to establish branch offices in Rumania. Allegedly, Israel is the first country to open a trade office in R. in which private I. firms will participate." And Bucharest announces indefinite postponement of a scheduled mid- June visit of a Ceausescu-led delegation to Yugoslavia. June 12 A sharp Chinese-Indian "diplomatic" feud 50X1 _HUM out: June 12 Peking apprehends two Indian diplomats, with charges that on J 1 they drove to the western suburbs of Peking "where, in brazen viola- tion of China's laws and decrees known to all, they surreptitiously peered at and took photographs of a prohibited military area in the vicinity." The note strips R. of his diplomatic status and forbids him to leave China "before Chinese judicial organs take sanctions against the crimes according to law." Indian External Affairs Ministry next day protests to C. Embassy, demands no interference with diplomatic status, and requests withdrawal of charges and apology. Peking, however, conducts a "public trial'' of R. (in absentia) before "'more than 15,000 revolutionary people of various circles, army men, and Red Guards." He is found guilty, stripped of diplomatic status, and ordered expelled, together with his colleague. 15 (WCA Chrono Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 -- The two depart Peking on the 114th, Frith brutal maltreatment at the air-- port, as described by TAI\TYUG's veteran Peking correspondent Saranovic. "Before some 20 foreign diplomats ana+ a group of foreign correspondents, over 300 Red Guards maltreated the two Indians and kept them for an hour before allowing them to enter the plane." They are badly beaten and tor- tured by arm--twisting, and I. personnel who accompanied and tried to pro- tect them are also beaten and had their autos covered with paint and posters. In New Delhi on the same day (14+), the I. Govt strips a C. Embassy first secy of diplomatic status and forbids him to depart, with similar charges, and a mob of 500 demonstrates before the C. Embassy. Chinese FM on 15th protests the Indian "unjustifiable acts" as "serious provocation." ---- In New Delhi on the 16th, several hundred I. students storm the C. Embassy, climb the walls, and assault 8 C. officials while 200 I. police stand aside. NCNA's lurid account quotes a 7'semi-conscious" comrade as 'shouting": "Be resolute, fear no sacrifice. If I die, there are 300 rupees in my truck: please takeit as my party-dues. 11 NCHA reports a second storming on the 17th. --- In Peking, beginning with the 17th hundreds of Chinese besiege the I. Embassy, cutting it off from outside contact. -- An I. note on the 18th demands lifting of the siege in Peking under threat of "appropriate counter-measures." As it continues, New Delhi on the 19th announces the imposition of similar "sie e" restrictions on the C. Embassy there. June 16: PEOPLE'S DAILY commentary, "This Rebellion Is Excellent," con- gratulates the M-L Japanese Communists who have rebelled against "the hand- ful of revisionists" in control of the JCP, who "want no revolution them-- selvesy moreover, they forbid others to make a revolution. They practice fascist rule within the Party, and they go so far as to collude with the J. reactionaries....'' June 17: The Chinese explode their first hydrogen bomb. Reaction among other parties is similar to that for the earlier A-bomb tests, ranging from wild rejoicing in China to a factual, one-sentence TASS announcement citing NCNA, though Tokyo KYODO on the 19th reports visiting Soviet Red Cross President Miterev as saying that the explosion was not conducted in the interests of peace. The N. Vietnamese are notably warm in praising it. (WCA Chrono.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 J L 4 11 L I .~ u u i y i w i NORTH VIETNAM'S TREATMENT OF POWs The 12 June repatriation of 39 North Vietnamese sick and wounded prisoners by the South Vietnamese government provides an opportunity to keep attention focused on Hanoi's refusal to permit the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) to inspect North Vietnam's prison camps and its failure to repatriate sick and wounded U.S. pris- oners. Although American POWs in North Vietnamese prisons probably 'total over 300, it is difficult to estimate with any precision because Hanoi has refused to provide the ICRC with definitive lists of the pris- oners and because the limited number of foreign journalists and others permitted to "interview" U.S. fliers had no opportunity to visit the prison camps but have talked with, or seen the POWs only under constant guard in pre-selected rooms in Hanoi. The strictly controlled nature of the so-called interviews and the sometimes eerie behavior of the U.S. air- men has led even observers unfriendly to the U.S. to question the type of treatment Hanoi is giving American prisoners and has raised the specter of brainwashing -- at least in the broad sense that coercion was used to obtain statements. Despite Hanoi's claim that it treats the prisoners "humanely," it continues to refuse offers by the ICRC and other neutral observers to visit the prisoners. Hanoi has not even allowed the designation of a Protecting Power for the prisoners -- a non-belligerent agreeable to all belligerents to serve as a mediator in matters concerning prisoners. Hanoi has not only failed to repatriate seriously sick and wounded POWs but has declined to meet with the ICRC to discuss the matter. Most of the POWs are not permitted to send or receive mail as required by the 50X1-HUM Geneva Conventions. 4FP0FT Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 50X1-HUM Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 THE FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY. YEAR OF THE BOLSHEVIK REVOLUTION: The Year IThe Kremlin's hopes for improving its image abroad and enhancing the regime's prestige and leadership at home during the 50th Anniversary Year have been deflated by lackluster pre-Anniversary events, unexpected developments, accumulated unsolved problems, and political uncertainty. The burden of the over-all adverse situation is such that, at the least, this year's celebrations will probably be considerably constrained. Soviet Preparations and Objectives: On 1 July 1965 the Soviet regime began a campaign to prepare for the celebration on 7 November 1967 of the 50th Anniversary of the October* Revolution. On 4 January 1967 the Central Committee of the CPSU accelerated this campaign by widely publicizing an 8,500-word resolution on "Preparations for 50th Anniversary of Great October Socialist Revolution." (See extensive excerpts attached). The resolution, a poorly written piece, made extravagant claims of Soviet achievements, omitted large portions of Soviet history in its survey, and virtually ignored the existence of contemporary problems. As expected, the resolution called for a series of events and a press campaign to build up enthusiasm for the celebration, and exhorted Soviet citizens to express their patriotism and to work hard to increase the'economic and military might of the USSR. Fulfillment of the program to date: A survey of the Soviet press shows that the resolution has been obeyed: all media have chimed in to urge greater effort, to preach tighter discipline and, implicit :y, to forget the past and look ahead. *Called the October Revolution because, according to the old Russian calendar, 7 November 1917 fell on 25 October. SECRET Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 SECRET A series of gatherings for Soviet and international groups have taken place or are scheduled. On 28-31 March, for example, a "scientific" conference on the international significance of the October :Revolution was held in Moscow. Other: Gatherings, past and future, include: On 1.7-19 April, a national scientific-theoretical." conference in Leningrad to discuss "Great October -- the triumph of Leninis theory of the socialist` revolution;" on 22-27 May, in Moscow, The Fourth Soviet Writers Congress, the announced concern of which was to be the 50th Anniversary of the October Revolu- tion and "the role of Soviet literature in its pelebration",(see below); in late July in Leningrad, an international - outh congress t e the 50th Anniversary ear. 50X1-HUM The effect of the pre-Anniversary meeting and of the press campaign cannot be ascertained. It is noteworthy, however, that a1; two international meetings, strong and possibly major emphasis was given to propaganda themes attacking the Chinese Communists and calling for an international congress, probably at the expense of the planned discussion of the October Revolu- tion. Also noteworthy, though hardly unexpected, is the virtual absence in the Soviet press of evidence that the Soviet, people are entering into a genuinely joyful, festive spirit in observation of the 50th Anniversary of CPSU rule. Other events believed to have been scheduledin conjunction with the Anniversary include space feats, such as the Venus shots and the test flight of a new space ship. The latter feat, which ended in the tragic death of Col. Komarov, is generally thought to have been the first on the schedule of a series of manned space shots; the balance of the -series has now, apparently been cancelled. Unforeseen Developm ents: If the Kremlin is not,exud n; optimism and fueling its Anniversary celebrations with cheerful bulletins, the explan- ation may well be largely in the unusual events which ha`7e blackened the 'Soviet calendar so far in 1967. First, the early March defection of Svetlana Alliluyeva (nee Stalin) which, though played down in the Soviet press for more than two months, when seriously finally shaken. surfaced gave ringing 24 April Apr eviil (coinciding nci that ding the re Mmewithgand adversely affecting the conference of European. CP's at Karlovy Vary) the above- noted space tragedy which took the life of Col.Komarov and led to volu- minous rumor-mongering and :;peculation which wa;: not put to rest by belated and unconvincing explanations in the Soviet press. Third, in late May, the Writers Congress, which had been -postponed so often that the Soviet leadership probably was reluctant to risk postponing it again, appeared from Soviet press accounts to be an almost totally insipid affair, but on the basis of incomplete reporting; of suppressed and behind- the-scenes actions by liberals and moderates, actually turned out to be 2 50X1-HUM Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29 : CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 V LU O L I an expression of deep disaffection by many Soviet writers. (See Chronology). Fourth, the recent Mideast crisis, which delivered such a blow to Soviet prestige that no amount of Soviet bluster and propaganda can conceal its seriousness. Prospects for the balance of the Anniversary ear:- The uninspiring nature of the Central Committee resolution of January, the absence of evidence that the objectives of the resolution are being carried out effectively, and the effects of the above-cited unforeseen developments combine to indicate that the Kremlin's hopes for a,'joyous Anniversary celebration have been considerably dampened. To these reasons there may be added an accumulation of gnawing unresolved problems and the reported political divisions at the top levels of Soviet leadership. The unresolved problems include the allocation of economic resources, the relationship of the military to the political leadership, the direc- tion and speed of economic change, and the ever-present question of how to deal with Stalinism. (See summaries of these problems, attached). The most obvious of these problems, that concerning economic allocations, is seen in the failure to prepare and ratify the present five-year plan, which covers the period started 1 January 1966. The 112-year delay now almost equals the time by which the Fifth Five-Year Plan (1951-1955) was delayed; it is interesting to note that that plan was interfered with by the substantial demands placed on the Soviet economy by the Korean War and by the uncertainties that war created. The existence of significant political divisions among USSR leaders has been suspected by Kremlinologists for some time. Recent reports by Harry Schwartz of the NEW YORK TIMES (NYT 28 May) and AP Moscow corres- pondent Henry Bradsher (WASHINGTON POST 12 June) have surface some of the rampant speculation. Schwartz discerns three basic factions headed by: Kosygin and Podgorny (liberal); Suslov and Shelepin (conservative- reactionary); Brezhnev (alternating between the two extremes). These factions are, according to Schwartz, engaged in disputes over a broad range of policy issues which he discusses. Bradsher reports from Moscow that observers believes the Soviet Union's collective leadership may be shaken up early next year. He emphasizes the significance of economic indecision. The Schwartz and Bradsher articles are attached. The prospects, in summary, are that the Kremlin will have to over- come some rather substantial obstacles or else, as now appears likely, the 50th Anniversary celebration will be a constrained affair. 3 eFr.QFr Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 50X1-HUM Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Next 3 Page(s) In Document Denied Iq Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 0 L b K t I June 1967 COMMUNIST REACTION TO ARAB-ISRAELI CRISIS .Bloc Countries From the start of the Arab-Israeli crisis, bloc officials excepting Rumanians,have supported the Soviets in condemning Israel as an aggres- sor against her Arab neighbors. Rumania refused to sign the trumped up declaration which Moscow had prepared for the quickly called summit in Moscow on 9 June. The Rumanian government was reportedly offended at being called to Moscow to sign an already.prepared declaration without benefit of prior consultation. Reporting from various sources (summarized below) indicates that public opinion in most of these bloc countries strongly disagrees with the official government position. Yugoslavia Pres. Tito's strong support of the Arab cause has evoked the most open disapproval of any foreign policy issue in several years. Many Yugoslavs identify themselves with the Israelis whom they consider the underdogs and express satisfaction with Israeli successes. There has apparently been official disagreement over Tito's policy, but no evidence that he will fail to get support for his endeavors even though the Fed- eral Executive Council has met twice on the Mideast situation without issuing a statement in support of his policy. At a foreign affairs debate in the Sejm, several deputies spoke out against breaking diplomatic relations with Israel. One deputy stated it would be a shameful act for a country in which so many Jews had been murdered. Newspapers, radio, and TV stations have reportedly been swamped with angry telephone calls protesting the government's action and "false" reporting. Jewish newspapermen came-under particularly strong attack for their anti-Israeli articles. On June 19, Party Chief Gomulka denounced those Poles who welcomed the Israeli victory over the Arabs. He said: "We do not wish a fifth column to be created in our country.... We cannot remain indifferent towards people who, in face of a threat to world peace-hence also to the security of Poland and the peaceful work of the Polish nation - express their support for the aggressor and the disturbance of peace.... We take the position that all Polish citizens should have one fatherland: People's Poland.... Let those who feel that those words are addressed to them draw the proper conclusions." The Associated Press reported that the subsequently published official text omitted the fifth column reference and added the comment that "The huge majority of Polish citizens of Jewish nationality share the one fatherland position." This speech was obviously aimed at Polish Jews and Gomulka's well-known anti-Semitic feelings must leave Jews in the Polish Communist Party in a vulnerable position. O r" n r T Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 SLI HLI Czechoslovakia The contrast between the official position and public attitudes was highlighted by the unprecedented number of comments conveyed to westerners during the crisis period. These included outspokenly pro- Israeli comments by workers and middle level managers of various mining communities, a virtually unanimous anti-regime attitude on the part of students and faculty at Cha:^les University and the refusal of many stu- dents to participate in demonstrations before the US and UK embassies. Speeches of senior faculty members in a, recent :meeting at the Prague Military Academy displayed a markedly pro-Israel attitude. President Novotny's strident speech a-: Lidice on June 1.1 seems to have provoked normally disenchanted Czechs to view even more skeptically their leaders' pronouncements on foreign policy. Many people felt he debased the Li- dice Anniversary and stated that his attacks on the US as an aggressor in the Middle East were totally baseless. Other reports indicate that Czech trade officials are displeased with their governments position, being afraid exports of certain goods to America and Canada will be affected as Jewish merchants are their largest purchasers. Rumani a A Rumanian diplomat stated that the position. his country has taken in the Arab-Israeli conflict has evoked great Soviet displeasure and the Soviets have charged Rumania with breaching socialist solidarity. He stated: "They just can't understand our right to take such a position if we feel, as we do, that it is in our national interest". Another Rumanian compared Israel's position to that of ]Finland in the 1939-40 Winter War. He admitted that it was difficult to maintain an impartial stand in the face of tremendous Soviet and Arab pressure. He confided that the Rumanian position had been covertly praised by several bloc officials. He maintained that the Soviet vote for a weak UN resolution after its pugnacious attitude toward Israel made the USSR an object of ridicule. To judge from the apathetic demonstrations in front of the US and UK embassies, Soviet citizens simply did not have their hearts in the exercise. The apathy may be partly due to the fact that the Arabs have never been popular in the Soviet Union. Many citizens are resentful of the large amounts of aid invested in Arab countries and feel that the money should be used at home. There are also three million Jews in the USSR, many of whom are sympathetic to the Israeli cause. An Israeli diplomat indicated that Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 SL UKLI his Embassy had received telephone calls from Soviet citizens, wishing them well. A Jewish Soviet citizen indicated that thousands would volun- teer to fight for Israel if they could. Bloc Journalists Several bloc journalists stationed in Western countries have indi- cated they disagree with their countries' policies and are using various pretexts to avoid filing stories on the Arab-Israeli conflict and the discussions before the UN. Jewish bloc newsmen have indicated sensi- tivity over having to write anti-Israeli articles and are afraid that speeches such as Gomulka's will unleash a wave of anti-Semitism in East European countries. A Cuban diplomat in a Western country said his government was dis- gusted with Soviet failure to support the Arabs. He stated that his country realized that the Soviet Union would not help Cuba in any con- frontation with the United States any more than it had helped the Arabs. Western Europe Italy Luigi Longo's initial all-out support of the Soviet Arab position brought severe criticism from such membeis as Umberto Terracini, a Jewish member of the PCI Directorate who recently visited Israel and is reported to have sent a letter to an Israeli paper which denounced the Arab states. Some party "liberals" even accused the Soviets of inciting the Arabs. In Turin and Rome local Communist committees issued strong state- ments of support for Israel. Longo is reported to have said that the party position was very unpopular and had caused an enormous upsurge of anti-Soviet feeling at all levels both because of the Sovet's black and white approach to Israel and because many militants felt that the Soviets let the Arabs down. Longo felt that the PCI had an obligation to the CPSU to help prevent collapse of Soviet prestige in the Middle East. The strong pro-Soviet statement by Party Secretary Waldek Rochet has been very unpopular within the PCF and has almost ruptured its alli- ance with the Left Federation. Leftist intellectuals such as Jean Paul Sartre, Pablo Picasso, Piere Mendes-France and many others have signed petitions giving total support to Israel. Guy Mollet castigated the PCF position calling L'Humanite's editorial "preposterous" and rebutted UAR arguments on which Soviet Union has publicly based its support for Arabs. (Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 SECRET Belgium The two elements of the PCB have taken opposing stands on the Near East crisis. The orthodox PCB INFORMATIONS contained a remarkably pro- Israel line while the pro-Chinese Grippist(CF has gone beyond the Soviet stand and even accused the Soviets of appeasement. Austria VOLKSSTIMME, official organ of the KPOe called for an immediate ceasefire in tones of neutrality and compromise. One :report states that seven Austrian Communists had signed a resolution on "Israel's right to exist." Spain While party leadership seems to support the, Soviets, rank and file seem to have different: reactions ranging from sympathy for Israel.to antipathy towards Nasser, who is considered a fascist, and criticism of the Soviets for letting the Arabs down. Brazil Latin America Many PCB intellectuals support Israel. At least two are known to have signed a pro-Israel manifesto. The Arab-Israeli conflict is viewed by some as being confrontation between US and USSR. Someee members feel the USSR failed the Arabs i:a1their hour of crisis and the USSR has lost prestige as a consequence. Panama A well-known leftist politican bitterly criticized the Soviets for their poor performance and especially for inferior arms they shipped to Mideast. The CP cautioned the politician, against taking such an anti-Soviet line. An official of the Socialist Party issued a statement condemning Israel without consulting the PS leadership. This statement was pub- lished by both Communist EL SIGLO and Socialist ULTIMA HORA. The state- ment brought irate protests from PS members and was later amended. Pro- Cuban Socialist leader Allende defended the Tni-Continental statement and said it condemned 3srae_Li government for its pro-imperialist policies but did not advocate annihilation of one state by another. Colombia It has been reported that the UAR offered a sum of money to the Communist Youth group to conduct an anti-Israel campaign. Youth leaders 14. Cnnt Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 JLGKLI appear divided over question, some in open sympathy with Israel. Argentina The PCA is highly concerned about the effect Soviet position will have on Jewish members of the Party. It is afraid many will defect and wealthy Jewish sympathizers will withdraw financial support. The PCA has been trying to persuade members that the Soviets are supporting UAR because it is anti-imperialist. A bloc diplomat said that 3000 Argentines have volunteered for service in Israel, including members and functionaries of the PCA. He stated this could be explained by the fact that a number of top func- tionaires are Jews who believe that Israel has a right to exist and that development of the Israeli state has been supported by the entire pro- gressive world. Uruguay The Anti-Israeli position taken by the party and the Soviets is causing strong reaction. The party is afraid of losing a valuable source of income from wealthy Jewish sympathizers. It hopes to counter- act this by propagating the line that the US is interested in gaining control over Arab oil supplies and Israeli war is part of US policy for instigating "local wars". Middle East Egypt The managing editor of AL AKHBAR stated that he would like to have poisoned the leaders of "a big power which he believed was a friendly state which would support us" as well as the leaders of Israel, the US, and the UK. He chided USSR by name in a later editorial. Voice of the Arabs broadcast warned listerners not to depend on the East or West. AL AKHBAR moderated its tone later and LA ALHRAM of 13 June noted that the USSR had extended "colonssal economic and military aid" to the Arabs and that "reactionary circles" were trying to alienate the two. Lebanon The CP initially gave mild approval to role of USSR in war. Reportedly Kamal Jumblatt, leader of the Progressive Socialist Party, and front groups rebuked the Soviet Ambassador in Beirut for lack of Soviet support. The pro-Chinese organization issued a pamphlet attack- ing the USSR as a partner of Anglo-American imperialism. Syria The CP of Syria emphasized the large amount of Soviet support to Arab countries. The ruling Ba'ath Party line seems to have varied. One Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 SECRET newspaper queried why USSR had not stopped Anglo-American intervention while another emphasized how the "socialist camp", especially the USSR, stood by the Arabs "during the battle". Iraq The government controlled press and radio in Baghdad made little. comment on the Soviets in the Arab-Israeli conflict. The CP of Iraq's Voice of the Iraqi :People broadcasts, originating in East Germany, initially paid scant attention to-the Soviets while a later broadcast stressed the great amount of political, economic and military aid the "socialist camp" has furnished the Arabs and noted that "imperialists, Zionists, and reactionary agents" were maneuvering to weaken Arab-Soviet friendship. Israel No CP statement has been noted since the outbreak of hostilities. On 3 June Dr. Moshe Sneh, Pro-Soviet leader of one fact_Lor',. of Party, issued a strong condemnation of Arabs, defended Israel's right to exist as an independent nation, and said the people of Israel are determined to fight for their country. The anti-Zionist element of the Party stressed the "aggressive nature of Israeli policy" in contrast with the Soviet "policy of peace." South Asia India The CP India (right) praised the USSR as "the guarantor of the sovereignty of peoples standing guard against the neo-colonialist offen- sive of US imperialism." The CP (left) generally sympathized with the Arabs, although it singled out the "Israeli working class" for its warm sympathy. Ceylon The pro-Moscow wing of the CP in its newspaper FORWARD of 14 June replayed a pre-crisis statement of the leader of the anti.-Zionist CP Israel which called for a change in Israel's imer:i_alist orientation. The newspaper feebly reported there were two Communist parties in Israel? Pakistan Newspapers have generally followed an anti-Soviet line on the Arab- Israeli war. KOHISTAN (Rawalpindi.) accused the Soviets of collusion with the US and the Karachi newspaper HURRIYAT indicted the Soviets for betraying the Arabs. The PAKISTAN TIMES stated that "China has replaced the Soviet Union as the advocate of just causes and friends of victims of aggression." __ (Cont.) Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29 :CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 SECRET Indonesia Indonesian Communists feel that the Soviets suffered a defeat in the Mideast and are pleased, yet they regret Nasser's loss as he was useful to the progressive forces. They felt the war was engineered by the imperialists and revisionists (Soviets) to remove world attention from Vietnam. Africa Nigeria The Socialist Workers and Farmers Party (SWFP -- the Nigerian CP) Secretary General Otegbeye said on 14 June that he and most members of his party were elated over the Israeli victory over the Arabs. He des- cribed Nasser and other Arab leaders as "Fascists" who persecuted Commu- nists and furthermore Nasser had always supported the reactionary Muslims in the northern region of Nigeria. Another Central Committee member stated that the Party would refrain from publicly criticizing Nasser as all Communist activities in Nigeria are funded by the Soviet Union or other bloc countries. The CP of Sudan has been critical of the Soviet Union and the socialist bloc. SCP Secretary General stated that the position of Socialist countries cannot'. be explained by any "reasonable revolu- tionary." The SCP made the following decisions: (a) to contact. Soviets and other socialist countries and demand decisive intervention to save Arab social- ism, and (b) to work to direct the masses' anger against the USA and the UK in order to divert their attention from their discontent with the socialist countries until these countries rectify their stand. 7 20 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 12/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 10 June 1967 ryuc le Kremlin mcnait It sa guise S a n s d o u t c chcrchcra-t-clle 11' 121i UE' US 'cIJ C7 ; cc no scrait quo par le simple fail le jcu diploinatiquc, gu'ii dCclo-r- m rintenant . it r?ci;agncr par lit ~1r do lour rcussiie, pour qu'3 defaut citait ct u,rrctait les crises colntued:plo-natic Ie terrain qu'cllc du Ic desir de vengeance ne continue it i'entendait etqu'en fin de comptc ceder a 1'hctn?e dtr danger et a ~r de Ics liabitcr, 11 Ctarit toujours Iienefciaire tieseviter aux Etats arabcs d'avpir a En dccidarnt do s'incliner devant Cette position do force oti l'Etat operations entreprises. tine telicpaYce Ics consequences do Ieur l'ordre do cessez-Ic-feu du Conseil juif Be trouve aujourd'Iiui, it la analyse Cl.ait sans doute fondcceclrcc militalre,. Mais Ia dcrdricrc' de sccuritC, le president Nasser a dolt pour tine, part aux mala- bisque 1'U.R.S.S. commandait uncrisc a coufirtne qua. fa direption choisi finalement In vole de In dressscs to la diplomatic soviC_ camp socialiste monolithiguc. I7,'IICCOI1CetiVe actuelle cherehait moins q quo nul no sachc cc tigue. Celle ci cut etc micux avisec'est bcaucoup plus contestable de-a maitriser les Cvencumcnts qu'a bleu ales utiliser. Le moment n'cst-11 do faire comprendre aux tlirigeants'Pttis que In rebellion chinoise t quo oo 'S eront les r?C:ictimns clime pas ~ pour pas arniCe et d'urtc opinion atttclTc- arabcs, avant In crisc, qua lc'ebranle 1'autoritC'des Busses dans'enu 1ellc, aujourd'hul, comIno mo Kremlin no pourrait pas, on cars le mouvemcnt communist? irrter-cn 1IlCr2-1i1GB, do rcoxaminer Ba t t1aQl- tttttr i propa- d'hostilitLis, Ieur porter Beconrs. national. Depuis aussi quo so pro-polltlquo, Min tic #'pcinptor aux qu'avatt ent eetcnus title te props gande abusive. Ello aurait du s'cmployer aupres clamant socialistes, voice marxls.moycns qu'elie Veut et peut mettre garde pour i'appliqucr ? Egypte que des renious risquent do so produire. Soudain rcconstitue contre Israel alors que in victoire paraissalt an vine, le front arabe commence a donner, a I'hcure do in dcfaitc, dos signes cvidcnts de division. Le prestige personnel (Ili Rais sort durement eprouvC de 1'affaire et aussi celui do M. Chou- keiri, chef de l'Organisation do 5ration de la. Palestine, qui avait -BDfi son heure de gloire arr?ivCc at voynit deja deux millions do juifs disparaitre do In terro qu'ils ont fecondee. contre be risque qu'il courrait en qui n'ont jamais pris I'habitude tic bloquant le golfc d'Akaba. EIIe la discipline staliniennc. Le Krem- aurait dti accepter do parley avcc fin les appuic sans pouvoir les les Amcricnins avant Ic dcclcnchc_ contrOler vrahuctr't. merit des hostilites pour essayer Des le debut do is crisc actuelle de le prcvcnir?. Elle aurait du on pouvait dcceler? tine contradic- encore adopter des Iundl le cessez- Lion fondamentalc entre 1'attitudc le-feu sans conditions propose par .tics Sovietiqucs at celic du prosi- les Etats-Unis all lieu do faciiitcr dent Nasser. Pour les dirigcants ]a progression des troupes juives arabcs, it faudra tot ou tard cc dans le Sinai en refusant tin texte le plus tbt sera le mieux - effacer auquel cite ailait so rallier qua- Israel do la carte. Mais, pour les rante-huit heures plus tard. Russes, 1'existence do I'Etat juif ir Comme hier a Cuba M.R.S.S. a e petit titre remise en cause, memo aujourd'hui on MCditerra si Ics gouvernants do Tel- Aviv sont Ics R instruments de. nee qu'c11 se refuse a tin affr-- s - Unitperasm >,.auactns l'inilic II ft d'ill Le desastre subi par Ics Arabes Cementdirect avec les WatUnis. est encore soulignC reconnaitre quo Moscow avail ti par ]c retard seC'est mi C u r la 'sagesse. II adressc des arises en garde a scs qu'ils out mis it acceptor le cessez- scrait plus s s sage e encore quo fes rums an Prochc-Orient. Lois dune le-feu. En s'y pliant tout de suite, deux grandes puissanees cherchent its auralent party se ranger a tun tine bonne fois Ics moyens de (IC- visite an Egyptc, quatre moil appal des Nations' titles, cc qui samorccr les situations plus on avant sa destitution, M. Khroucht- n'avait rien d'humiliant. Aujour- moms explosives a propos desquel- eltcv tieclarait en substance d'hui, 11 est evident ? Nous vous cnvcrr?ons les arnres dune gn'il s'agit les titles risquent a tout moment dont vous avez besoin pour vous quasi-capitulation. Le mot a de se trouver en conflit. presentants aux Nations unies de divers Etats progressistes du r tiers monde o, pour qui cc jour. est celui d'une profonde amertume. 11 est LE MONDE, FraXiLL pew probable en eliot quo les Israe-' 8 June 1967 liens so h5tent d'Cvacuer Ics /717 7!7 fournies par M.R.S.S. no pourront ,jamais tre utiiisCcs .a des fins d'agression. a II n'entpeche quo 1'Union soviC- tique s'est trouvice prise clans tin cngrenage gui pouvait I'entrainer .1usqu'au point do non-rctour. r victoire pour obtenir unc re-' /'','~/'1f~ r , r-a r-7 M'ials alla.it-clle prcndre en favour on do lours frontlcres ct tine; L~L'V l r L~ du president Nasser des risques ru uL,i`J antie imprescriptible do la que, jusqu'a. present, elie Sc refuse irlibcana im Eilath. Le o la' Mardi, plusicur's gouvernements it prcndre en favour du conimu- d'Etirope orientate denoncaicnt niste 110 Chi Minh? auquel its puissant pretcndro,'c'est4 I'agression israClicnne s at exi- Le resultat oil tout cas est Blair. it is reconnaissance par scs 'voi- gcaient Ic retrait Ile f r s o ces en L I:gptins ct Ics 3ordaniens csye sins de Ia realite d'un Etat qui, presence sur les -positions qu'cllcs ont proclamC quo lcs Amorica.ins par trois fois, a l'hcure do vcritC, occupaient le 4 join. Les rcdae- at Ics I3ritanniqucs avaicnt born- a fait la preuve do son existence, tcurs do cos textes no semblaient bardC leers. territoires. Dc la sorte. at a eelle du droit pour scs navires pas ,prCvoir quo, quelques hcures its espcraient pout-titre embarquer d'emprunter be canal do Suez. Iis plus tard, M. Fedorenko signerait I'U.It.S.S. clans Icur gales-c. Le doivent savoir cependant quo s'ils un appel au' cessez-]e-feu qui Kremlin n'avait-il pas laisse an- veulent parvenir a tine pair tilt- s'absticnt de condamner Israel, et tendre qu'll so tenait pret, on cable sur lours frontiCres it Ieur do rCclamer. le retour an a state sccondc ligne, et quo son inter- faut domincr Ieur victoire et men-'quo ante v. Unc fois encore W.R. vention scrait proportionnce :1 cello trer quits sont capables de gene-, S.S. a 'place dans unc situation des puissanees impcrialistes ? I1 rositC. En cedant hier sur le pro- difficile scs antis, qui se bornaient. f a it t d'aiileurs i?cmarquer- que Wine des refugiCs palestiniens, ils'pourtant a rcprendre it lourcompte 1'U.R.S.S. n'a janlais (lit quells pouvaient paraitre ceder a la force scs declarations ?antcricures. Unc pourrait We sa participation. at compromettr'e la securitC into- fois encore, elle a donne l'innpres- 11lais surtout, bisque les Etats rieure de dour Etat. Aujourd'hui, sion d'abandonner ?in extremis it arabcs ont lance Icurs accusations, s'ils se pretent a des concessions des protegCs qui croyaient, a tort, I'Union sovietiquc a montre qu'elle sur:ce point, alors quo rien no les quo le souticn sovietiquc Ieur Ctait faisait davantagc credit aux dC- y force, its ont line chance tie . acquis en toutes circonstances. ' mentis des Anglais. ct des Ameri-' s'ouvrir cnfin be ccour do' voisins Les mythes ont in vie tiurc, cains qu'aux affirmations do scs qu'ils ont asset humiliCs, quand Pendant des annces on a r?CpetC anris. Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 1VEW. Tutu '1'li"lrO ivL';W SU141C 1'.l.F2E5 n -may 1967 17 Jurie -1967 .. . ' s Red Cross Pleads for P.O. W. And Civilians in Vietnam War TO EXECUTE C.I.'S ana nos labeled captured; o ?ded prisoners of war in a ;Informed sources said thatlAon-ers est e me ur g intended to persuade the .release had been prompted American aviators as "war North Vietnam to ' reciprocate. by the' United States Govern-IcrMoreosl' The, The , North , Vietnamese pris- ~ment, which has become ; in Moreover, for the. Hanoi re- beers, and a captive Vietcongloreasingly worried over reports gime to accept the principle of Woman entertainer and her 2- anrl. tlhntAaro,,he no A....,-e.,.... ?eciproelty in releasing -nricnn-I GENEVA, May 19-'The lead- ers of the International Red Cross appealed today to all sides in the war in Vietnam to assure "proper and humane treatment"' of Prisoners and to conclude a cease-fire to end the civilian population's "intolera- ble burden of human misery." The appeal was made by the presidents of the three central bodies of the International Red Cross as concern mounted in the United States over the fate of downed pilots and other Amer-' leans held prisoner by Northi Vietnam and the Vietcong. In a seven-point statement, the Red Cross officials 'lilso urged the- warring par ties" to 'refrain from all deliberate at- tacks upon innocent civilians in Vietnam, whether by aerial or ground weapons, or by torture or wanton murder." They asked that every effort be made to avoid causing death or injury to civilians during all ground, air and naval opera- tions. Under international law, they stressed, the right to choose the means of injuring' the enemy Is 'not unlimited." i The statement was issued by .Samuel Gonard, president of the all-Swiss International Com- mittee of the Red Cross; Jose Barroso-Chavez of Mexico, pres- ident of the league to which 106 national Red Cross societies be- long, and the Countess of Lime- rick, a former president of the British Red Cross who 'now ove se s p er rc- } Ropes, Ha 2101 Also I at noon at the bridge over the today would persuade the North lases, today's' .was not an- Benhai. River; which separates Vietnamese Government to re- nounced in advance. Will Free Sick the North and South Vietnam- lease se iously sick and wound- ,' he. release at the Benhai ese sectors of the six-mile-wide ed American prisoners in ac- bridge followed what has be- axld Wounded "demilitarized zone. cordance with Articles 109 and come a ritual over the years, In Quinhon, Premier Nguyen 110 of the Geneva Convention, In a brief ceremony at Dongha, Cao Ky released four. Vietcong which require direct repatria- the prisoners were offered the g prisoners in a ceremony at tion in such cases, the sources option of remaining in South Y JONATHAN RANDAL Binhdinh Province headquarters said, Vietnam. Three Special to The New York Times ~ prisoners made attended by Vietnamese gener- No Repatriation by North such a choice earlier at the SAIGON, South Vietnam; June aIs, Eugene M. Locke, the Dep- Bienhod prisoner of.war camp;, 12 - South Vietnam. today re- gty'American Ambassador, aand North Vietnam has failed to 20 miles north of'Sai on, leased 39, seriously cieir A?A -+I,- a.aF~t_---._ 2~Uatriate anv Amarl- -,4.- b' aver North Vietnam avid pa- nam has consistently denied ? 1 ~~ rased through the streets oP that any of its troops were d/^L~ Hanoi. fighting In the South. if LT It was honed that the m Unlike previous ri n etteville, N.C., were shot to }tional security." i y. o ? e y Ci ire A confessed member of the death Sept 24, 1965. ,~j heads the nine-member Inter- national Standing Commission of the Red Cross. The three officials said that, during one of the periodic meet- ings that they had just held here, they had "viewed with deep concern the mounting tide of human suffering and loss of life in the tragedy being en-. acted in Vietnam." They said It was the tradi- tionally humanitarian role of the Red Cross that led them,' to solemnly call on all con- cerned in the Vietnam fighting in an effort to reduce the hu- man suffering it was causing. The three officials urged that the distribution of medicines; and other urgently needed re- lief supplies be permitted un impeded throughout Vietnam., At the same time, they asked that representatives of the In- ternational Committee of the Red Cross be permitted to visit "all parts of Vietnam" so that out the hu= ht carr the mi y g y manitarian function assigned tol the traditionally neutral body) by the Geneva Conventions. { These international treatlesi entrust the committee with the, duty of checking the observance of the rules they lay down on the treatment of prisoners and civilian war victims by belllg-j NEW YORK TIMES 13 June 1967 I 'ox eases 394 Pledges to Kill P.O.W.'s if S Three Terrorists Die Vietcong, he is said to have in the bombing of the National Police .headquarters and the Metropole Hotel in Saigon. At the - same court proceed- ings, two women were sentenced to five years ' In prison on charges of. having caused a ""breach of public- security." -' - . They were Pham Thi Thieu, a 6 BAxaoN, South Vietnam, nurse accused of being a Viet- June 16 (AP) --- The Hanoi Gong,liaison agent, and Nguyen radio - said today the Vietcong Thi Nhao, described as a mem- ,bad warned that they would er of the 'Vietcong Liberated execute some Ametlcan pri- Women's Association. soners of war as ""our due re- However, two other guerrillas -ply" if the South Vietnamese - Ise Minh Chau and Truong Government put to death three'th Dania -- were sentenced Vietcong agents in its custody. June 5 to death on' charges of I The Vietcong did not say how treason, (illegal possession of ; navy American prisoners might and attempted murder., be killed. According to the weapons United States State Department They. were accused of having 21 Americans were known to hurled grenades at policemen, andY 128 others were listed as Listed as prisoners in Worth bnissing and believed captured. Vietnam, are 158 servicemen ' The Vietcong warning, attrib- four marines, 70 air force men uted to the guerrillas' high and 84 navy men. These are command, was said to have been men who have written to their dated June 12. The North Viet- families who have been reported namese broadcast said the three captured by Hanoi or have been Vietcong agents were sentenced seen by visitors, including jour to death by a special military nalists. tribunal in Saigon May 29. The statistics also list 300 and their Saigon stooges ,execute three Vietnamese pa- men and four marines. These in- elude men who were seen para-, chuting over North Vietnam or; who were spotted on the ground+ by fellow pilots. In some cases, contact was made with the men through radio signals. ? Two years ago, the guerrillas killed three American captives in reprisal for the execution of Vietcong terrorists by the South Vietnamese. A 25-year-old army sergeant, Harold George Bennett of Per- ryville, Ark., was killed June 25, 1965, after three terrorists triots sentenced to death by a special military tri- in, Saigon' May 29, 1967, so-called the bunal in liberation armed forces would mete out due punishment to a number of American ag- in- gressors captured by them, a major," the Vietcong eluding s according to the Hanoi aid, radio. one of ,the three sea- Only (fenced in the Saigon trial that' .ended May 29 was condemned .end Ito die. He is 37-year-old But !Van Chieu, who was convicted of "high treason, ` unlawful possession ' of war weapons and destruction by explosives . with c a.6 -A,Ully 114 a Vietnamese Army convoy, the prisoners were released at the bridge. Many of them rippedd off their clothes as they crossed the 300-yard steel span and were put to death in Saigon.. ' Capt. Humbert Versace, 28, Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 of Baltimore, and S. Sgt. Ken- neth M. Roraback, 33, of, Fayy- Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 NEW YORK TIMER 9 May 1967 DISPLAY OF P.O.W.'S PROTESTED BY U.S. :Flagrant Violation by Hanoi; of Geneva Rules Charged The protest was handed tolThailand and apparently were] tI-. International Committee ofrshot down during a heavy strike tie Red Crod's In Geneva '- for by Thunderchief fighter-bomb- transmission to the North',Viet leis on Thursday against targets namese Government. !six miles cast of Hanoi. In announcing it, the State, North Vietnam signed ?h' e Department expressed concern Geneva convention, establish over news reports, from Hanoi!ing International rules of con- North Vietnam today against its "flagrant violation" of the Geneva convention on prisoners uc.6 uubuta, MVL. WUW1- U11(1I i )WI5S G'1LJZe 1.9 U1J1A1'aCU w1W, Special to The New York Times his face and head and seemed supervision of the Geneva con- WASHINGTON, May 8-The to have a back injury. A sccJvention, over treatmept ' of "f and pilot, Lieut. Col. Gordon A.mericart prisoners , of the United States protested to intimidation and against insults and public curiosity." The North Vietnamese ac- tions, the State Department said, are "especially disturbing; in light of indications that one or more of? the Americans were wounded or unwell." . Reports from Hanoi on Sat- urday by Agence France-Pressc, the French news, agency, said that one of the pilots, identified (demonstrate the success of North Vietnam in shooting down and capturing three American pilots on one day. But there was also concern that the display might repre- sent a new propaganda build-up for "war trials" against cap- tured American fliers. The State Department has Ohl two previous occasions 'lodged formal protests through the In- Hanoi. - as concern over Hanoi'ss mo J Robert J. McCloskey, State tives in exposing the prison crs,~ Department spokesman, quotedto public display and hiimill.I Article 113 "of the 199 conven-ation. tion -Prisoners of war must at' Hanoi's action, It was said all times be protected, particumay., have been nothing more larl$ against acts of Violence orthan A triumphant. display',tu injury but to have appeared weak and to be suffering from the effects of severe shock. The third pilot, Lieut. James Rich- 957. But Mr. McClo,5ke!, In Iaborating on the_formalstate- rnient, said the North Vietnam- ese "dQn't seem to give a damn" about their responsibility to ad- on display before newsmen a the International Press Club in were paraded through angry. shouting crowds on the streets of the North Vietnamese capi- tal on Friday and then were put here to it. Behind the strong protest was Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 NFE YORK TINES 1]. April 1967 ~W`ester. Visitors Speak With Two, U.S. War T.; f ~.Ud /V A .[~7 !'1 ifs eY N d[-e -T 1'. I North. Vietnamese military authorities have permitted two more United States prisoners of and report that their treatment at the hands of their captors was "humane." A French physician and an American biochemist, both asso- ciated with the Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation and Interna- ,tional War Crimes Tribunal, described in interviews their meeting with the captured air- men in Hanoi last month. The tribunal has no official .stand- ,Ing and is supported by per-. csistent critics of United States policy in Vietnam. Though both prisoners, were said to be in reasonably good health and lucid in conversation, the, visitors reported, they per- formed the same strange ges- ture---a low and deliberate bow of greeting-that has led the United States, Government to charge the North. Vietnamese with brainwashing. This charge was made by the State Department on April, 3 after the magazine Life had published a picture of one prisoner, Lieut. Cmdr. Richard A. Stratton, In an act of bow- ing. The Life photographer 'Lee Lockwood, said he had found it "thoroughly distasteful." 'Disagreeable Moment"+. Jean-Michell Krivine, a sur- geon on the staff of a pu}lic hospital in Paris, called the ap- pearance and deep bow of the American prisoners -'the most disagreeable moment" of his trip to North Vietnam. One prisoner, Identified as Maj. Jack Williamson Bomar of San Antonio, Texas, was said to have performed this gesture greeting even though he.was standing with crutches. He said his ankle had been injured when he \pa'rachuted out of his air craft. He was captured on Feb. 4, 1967. Dr. Krivine said Major Bomar "looked puzzled" when one of the Western visitors held out his hand. "For a second he did not seem to know how, to respond," Dr. Krivine said. Only. when the visitor, Pro- fessor John B. Neilands of the University, of California at 'Berkeley, explained that he [simply wanted to shake hands did Major Bomar extend his own hand in return.' tr.; Interviewed by telephone, ,Dr. Neilands said "I didn't see any evidence of brainwashing," but he added, "It's a relative tom --it all depends on what you mean ,by it." Dr. Neilands, who is 45 years old, has been on the biochem- istry faculty of Berkeley for the last 15 years. Meeting on March 16 The meeting with the t*o prisoners took pplace on March 16 in Hanoi. Beside Dr. Kri- vine and Dr. Neilands was a third visitor, Maurice Cornil, a Belgian lawyer. Mr. Cornil is directing a ? team of jurists in- vestigating the war In Viet- nam. He is not associated with the war crimes tribunal, head- ed by the British philosopher, Lord Ru sell. This tribunal Intends to con- vene a `"trial" of President Johnson for war crimes in Paris later this month. Though Major 'Bomar did prisoner asked that not be given. This his nam statements critical of the John- son Administration, and then as having said, "I don't want my name published, I don't want to go from a Vietnam- ese jail into an American one." Major Bomar refrained from political criticism during the two-hour conversation, accord- ing to the two visitors, and was quoted as having said at have interpreted a ituniber of indications as evidence that the prisoners are being subjected to brainwashing. Most spectacu- lar, officials saidi is the strangq bowing by the American offi-' cers. when greeting visitors. "This is hardly a greeting they teach you at West Point," said one American analyst. Mr. Lockwood, the photogra plier, reported that the prisoners he had seen, -Commander Strat- ton, had bowed in response, to sharm commands from a North Vietnamese officer at his side. Dr. Neilands said neither of the two prisoners he had seen appeared to consult his Viet- namese guard before speakifig or bowing. One, however, looked questioningly at the guard, be- fore accepting a cigarette from Dr. Krivine. More than 20. American pris- oners have been named by the North Vietnamese with propa- ganda statements or "confes- sions" attributed to them. Ja- panese television cameramen were allowed to photograph one prisoner, Condr. Jeremiah A. Denton, Jr.j in May, 1966. The American Broadcasting Company reported earlier this month, that lipreading special- ists who had examined Japanese films of another prisoner had found that the words heard on the sound track did not coincide with the lip movements seen on the screen. " o " c nfessions art hundred missions and go' Most of the home." He was Identified asphrased in the stilted language having been attached to a of North Vietnamese propa- United States reconnaissance unit based in Thailand. Dr. Neilands said Major Bo- mar told the visitors he was "amazed at the humane treat- ganda statements, American officials said. American visitors to Hanoi, before Dr. Neilands, including Harrison E.. Salisbury, an as- si t s ant managing editor or Tne ment he had received." Thel professor said he had the im-!New York Times,. were unable pression there was very little' to hold interviews with' any contact among the American captured Americans. Mr. LockJ. prisoners, but he said the two' wood was allowed to photo= men he saw were "fairly hap- graph one to speak wbu but was not py there, and the food was. No foreigners are known to him. tolerable." have visited any, prisoners in "The amount and range of their camps.' Dr. Neilands and rcaelino mntariml avnil.hl. 4ni them, though, was not very wide," Dr. Neilands added.. There are now believed to be more than 380 American prison- ers of war in North Vietnam. A precise figure cannot be given because the Hanoi Government has not provided the Red Cross' with .definitive lists.; 4tate. Department officials] Dr. Krivine were `said''to have met the two prisoners in a villa in Hanoi, to which the prison. ers ? were brought 'from. their camp outside the .capital, Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 NEW YORK TINS 28 May 1967 F.-~t., .. police was purged pithiest r 'and, Soviet concern abroad,., while; do- naole of 8r+emlln poWer.-"' to. become Stalin's successor as `' ''against poverty. and from -the: ef- boss of the K.G.B.,,in. November,; ;dictator of Russia. He came close fort to. improve the donditions, and .' 1961. There ' is reason to believe' A succeeding before Nikita Khru- ? status of American Negroes. . both men worked closely in-aiding, Qahev and other of the ]lost-Stalin The Suslov-Shelepin group, on ,.the anti-l{hrushohov conspiracy, oft ruling .clique tricked `Berta into a '3 'the contrary, believes that the 1964, and'(both meri initially werq: t.rap and had'hinf killed.. threat of attack from the United among the, chief individual b;u1e-.! Soviet citizens from the lowest , ards, and avoid as far as possible;; the substitution of M. Andopov for,, ranks up to and including all mem- ;l'! dangerous foreign entanglements ` Mr. Semichastny as boss of the', bers of, the Politburo ' who worked, that would threaten internal needs,,, secret police looks like a gain for' directly under Stalin. These Soviet isolationists are per-,: the Brezhnev faction and a loss' It was precisely because the ? laps the most comparable with ' for the Suslov-Shelepin group. Mr.S secret police was so powerful that Americans who oppose the Viet- . Semichastny has been for many; .its chief in 1953, the.late Lavrenti t nam war because It diverts atten years a close subordinate of Mr.'' P. Berla, thought he could' use it A ion and resources from the war Shelepin,, whom he succeeded as `Vladimir' V. Semlcnastny as enter.. ~....,a? Y'c"'EiG Cnlec IUU1IThL1l:u .+.u.ac.a n+???, of the State Security Cbmmittee .,' able new personnel. It is this more,.. Sumer interests two years ago (better known by the initials of its powerful agency that Mr. Andro when he announced the most ex-1 p'Russian'?name as the K.G.B. ) is pov has taken over. What thi3"' tensive program in Soviet history' } primarily, the result of recent in- may mean must be studied against..` for raising production of food and., ' telligence blunders. At most such. the 'background of the broader consumer goods. .On the other,4 recent K.G.B. setbacks as the es- factional struggle. hand, Mr,' Brezhnev has also made cape of Svetlana ,Alliluyeva may, . Different Views.' plain his backing for at least a'. have provided an excuse for the artist major rehabilitation of Sta.' Three basic factions can be dis- . p (change; but the basic reason is the, cin the present Soviet lead- tin. Most of all, however, Mr.'s ceaseless struggle for advantage corned orne The most liberal is headed ' Brezhnev, as party. -boss, has been *l .among' the :. Kremlin leaders and ership. ; by Premier Aleksei N. Kosygin and ? concerned with... trying to revital-r, President Nlkolai V. Podgorny. ize Communist, party control of factions. ; . At the height of Its power under 1i The most conservative-the term all areas of Soviet life, i;;Stalin a decade and a half ago, the Stalinists sometimes use-is the.i Actual Soviet policies since ? the, hSoviet secret 'police was the major, group headed by Mikhail A. Sus- purge of 'Nikita' Khrushchev two, Instrument by which Russia,was , lov and Alexander N. Shelepin. In' and a half years 'ago have .tended ruled. It dominated and kept a: the middle and often holding the' to be compromises 'among these ksharp eye on' the Communist.party, balance of power are Communist '.: factions. ' Typical has been the ytthe Soviet'Army and every,,. other',. +,:?, party Secretary' General Leonid I.'; Soviet policy toward' Vietnam, ,-instrument of power in the coon- . Brezhnev and his supporters. ,' -where vast amounts of weapons l try. It had spies everywhere, and',' ? Basically the Kosygin-Podgorny:` ' have been sent, but where a direct' 'its files 'contained' damaging ma--..,,, group believes' in, the primacy of...(' involvement of Soviet military te'rial on millions of persons; The efforts to improve the Soviet personnel in the fighting has been, secret police could and did curb economy, raise Soviet living stand-' ? ' -avoided. Against this background' n e z :analysts believes that the appoint- ?; come ac , rea y The Bre nev, ac on ment of Communist party secre-'.";'ethat in recent years there has been ,` alternate between the ,two .,ex-' the Moscow bueraucracy, has given , i?Kremlinologists around the `world counter-intelligence agency, one ations, first priority for heavy: a shot in the arm. From Washing Whose domestic functioning was Industry, and tries against all dif-" son'to Peking the effprt to analyze sharply watched In order to make 'ficultics to keep the door open for. the meaning of the change and+its ' : sure it did not regain its old po\ healing the split with PekIt, tilrnpact on the. future' of ? Soviet r.: sition. would like . much greatet efforts'' leadership is now in high gear. But the possibility remains that , to rehabilitate, Stalin's reputation, Only the most myopic of the the secret police may make a and position in Soviet history. ow it Is clear nds to i b k AI h f ti t r By 1cIARRY. SCI}RVARTZ reduced sharply In powers, per- mestically it wants, a retightening; The recent shift in the leadership . sonnel and money. Instead of being of political discipline. and an end. of the.Soviet's6cret police, 'perhaps . --the most powerful institution in , , to the slackness produded by the" \the most sensitive single post in : " the Soviet Union, it was cut back Khrushchev era. This group de I? a normal intelligence and :'mands higher military appropri pw' rest fcr. Me Kremlinoio' sts WASHINGTON POST ions programs as indicating ley, based on supporting the 12 JUNE 1967 disputes among the Soviet Arab states, was given a hierarchy similar to those rude setback by last week's that culminated in the oust- Israeli victories. Finally, Kremlin's Problems' or of Premier Khrushchev there MOSCOW-Observers be- disagreement over lieve the Soviet Union's col- two and a half years abo? channeling resources to A five-year economic plan heavy industry, agriculture, restive leadership may be that should have begun Jan. consumer goods, the space shaken up early next year. 1, 1966, still has not been program and the military. Henry Bradsher of the As- written, efforts to improve sociated Press reported ob- relations with Communist servers point to indecision China after Khrushchev's on how governmen't funds Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 JAVu i x e.) , .1 ,o Party Resolution 50th Aiivrsry of Soviet Lth OCTOBER SOCIALIST REVOLUTION.- Jan. 4, 1967, Resolu- tion of C.P:S.U. Central Committee. (Pravda and Izvestia, Jan. 8, pp. 1-2. 8,500 words. Condensed text:) Nov? 7, 1967, will be the 50th anniversary of the victory of the Great Octo- ber Socialist Revolution.... The October Revolution opened the way to solving the funda- mental problems posed by the entire course of the previous development of world history: the future of society, the nature of social progress, war and peace and the fate of world civi- lization. The victory of October confirmed the Leninist theory of socialist revolution. The test of history has been withstood .by the Marxist-Leninist teachings on: the inevitibility of the fall of capitalism and the affirmation of socialism; the vanguard role of the working class, guided by the Com- munist Party, in revolution and the building of a new society; the dictatorship of the proletariat and its role in the strug-. gle for the triumph of socialism; the Soviets as the form of the dictatorship of the proletariat and as organs of genuine popular rule of socialist democracy; the alliance of the working class with the peasantry and other strata of the working people, under the leadership of the working class, as the decisive force in the struggle for social liberation; the industrialization of the country and the socialist trang- formation of agriculture; the ways of deciding the national question; raising the living standard of the working people and effect- ing a cultural revolution.... During the days of October and the years of the Civil-War- and the fcreign intervention, the high revolutionary spirit and heroism of the working class and the toiling peasantry mani- ef- sted itself with particular force. The ovie`f re`pabTic,`li an island, was surrounded by an ocean of hostile forces, and its enemies prophesied its inexorable and early death. They all did everything they could to strangle and destroy the young Soviet republic. Enormous effort was required to break the ring of fire of the White Guards and interventionists, to over- come the economic blockade, famine and economic devastation. Under the leadership of the Communist Party, workers and peasants and the Red Army defended the gains of the revolu- ,,okion and routed the enemies. The country set about economic construction. The mass heroism of the working people in the years of the restoration of the national economy and the first five-year ;plans is one of the unforgettable pages in the history of our society. The Soviet people spared neither efforts nor means, consciously chose deprivation and labored stubbornly, display- ing models of. courage in the name of overcoming the country's backwardness and turning it into a powerful socialist state. The feat of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War against the fascist invaders is immortal. This war was long and bloody, and the vac ims it c a me-d innumerable. But the Soviet social and state system, created by the October Revo- lution, withstood the cruelest trials.... The strength of the socialist system clearly manifested it- self in the postwar years as well. Cities and vvrages were raisedTrom ashes and ruins in a very short time. The econ- omy, destroyed by the war, was completely restored, new successes in the development of economics, science and cul- ture were achieved and the country entered the period of full- scale communist construction.... Our people will always hold sacred the memory of the rev olutionary fighters and Leninist Bolsheviks who perished in Tsarist prisons and in exile, the memory of the national he- roes of the Socialist Revolution and the Civil War. Our lafrd was soaked with the blood of millions of the best sons and daughters of the people, who perished at the hands of White Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved Guards, interventionists and fascist invaders. The glory of the sons and daughters of the people who defended it, freedom and independence of our homeland will not fade. The courageous builders of new plants and.collective and state farms under the first five-year plans will never be forgotten. ' The deeds of , . those who through their labor multiplied the material and spir- itual wealth of Soviet society will live forever. The path of our people is great. Their exploit is great. They will be an eternal example for future genera ions, for ail w o fiave chosen--the roams of freedom. `TFie e~T 5anner oT-socia sm as been flying triumphantly over our land for half a century. For. half a century the Soviet people have been realizing the ideas of Marx, Engels,. and Lenin. They have done much, achieved much. The complete and final triumph of socialism in the U.S.S.R. and the transition to the building of communism are the most important results of the h e revolutionary reforms in our country. ty ears-ob~oOctoer means the cu rea_tion of large socialist industry with a steady rate of development, supplied with the newest-lechnology and capable of solving the most complicated scientific and technical problems and national-economic tasks.... Fifty years of October means implementation of the Leninist plan o organize the countryside into cooperatives, the creation of large-scale socialist agricultural production. As a result of the triumph of the collective farm system, a social revolution has occurred in the tenor of rural life.... Fifty years of October means a rise in the living standard of the people.. The rights to labor an recreation, to free educa- tion, medical services and pension security have become natu- ral and normal for the Soviet people.... Fifty years of October means the carrying out of a cultural revolution. Socialism has brought the Soviet people education and enlightenment, it has elevated and enriched the spiritual life of the society immeasurably.... Fifty years of October means a growing social, political and ideological unity of the people. On the basis of a community of vital interests among the the working people, the alliance between the working class and the peasantry, which formed and grew strong in the common struggle to build socialism and commu- ism, has become firmer.... The experience of the development of the U.S.S.R.-a unified socialist multinational state-discloses the essence of social- ism and its importance in deciding the age-old national ques- tion and represents a triumph for the ideas of proletarian in- ternationalism in practice. Fifty years of October means the birth of the man of the new world, the new morality. The triumph of the October Revolu- tion launched a vigorous struggle against the morals and prej- udices of the private-property world, against its individualism, egoism and selfishness. The years of socialist construction fundamentally changed the nature of relations among people in our country. The bourgeois ideologists' reckoning that social- ism would not overcome the forces of inertia and the individ- ualistic morals of the old world proved wrong. During the years of Soviet rule a generation of people has grown up with a highly developed political consciousness and a new attitude to- ward labor, people reared in the spirit of collectivism and comradeship, Soviet patriotism and proletarian international- ism. The new nature of man as a revolutionary and fighter for our great cause has been forged. Our country gave birth to and established the democracy of socialism-the most extensive, the most representative, the most just. The rule of the Soviets, born of the Revolution-rule y t6 he people and for the people-opened wide possibilities for the participation of the working people in the administration of state, production and public affairs. Socialist society raises the civic dignity and honor of the person, places before people the most noble goals and brings about all the conditions for the conscientious creativity of the masses in the name of commu- nist construction.... Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 The results of the October Revolution and the lessons of his- tory are irrefutable evidence of the advantages of socialism over capitalism. The development of the Soviet socialist so- ciety and the results achieved by it are a practical demonstra- tion that socialism is the social system that guarantees the planned and efficient development of social production, growth in national prosperity and culture, democracy and true free- dom for the working people. The experience of the building of socialism has shown what a complex and creative matter the revolutionary reconstruc- tion of society is, and what new problems, tasks and historical changes it comes across in its development. Soviet society was created, grew and became strong in bitter class battles. In solving the highly complicated task of the practical embodiment of the ideals of scientific socialism, our people, guided by Lenin's party, took a new path, never before traveled by anyone. In the struggle for Soviet rule, for the victory of socialism, the working class and all working people had to overcome many obstacles and barriers and to bear the burden of incredible difficulties.... Along the 50-year path traveled, the Party and people have known both the joy of great victories and the bitterness of losses, temporary failures and mistakes. Our party emerged from all trials even more tempered, stronger and with un- shakeaMe revolutionary optimism and confidence fn the tri- umph of the great communist cause. Even now we have many unsolved problems. The Party soberly evaluates the state of affairs, sees the urgent prob- lems and takes all steps toward their solution.... Socialism is a constantly developing society, which in its progressive development discloses ever newer reserves and possibilities. These possibilities and advantages of socialism are realized not by themselves, not automatically, but as a re- sult of the conscientious labor of millions.... During the most difficult times-the years of struggle for Soviet rule, the days when the working people experienced the pain of the loss of Lenin, and during the period of the grave trials of the Great Patriotic War-remarkable sons and daugh- ters of our people entered Lenin's party in order to struggle within its framework for the victory of the workers' cause. Communists have always and everywhere taken on the heav- te st share of struggle and construction. In the course of the revolutionary struggle and socialist reforms, the Party trained numerous cadres of workers in all branches of the economy and culture. The Communist Party is of one flesh with the working class, the toiling people, the creative people, it constantly feels their unanimous support; the confidence of the working people is dear to the Party, it has no other inter- ests but those of the people. The C.P.S.U. approaches the 50th anniversary of October fully armed with its rich experience in the management of communist construction and the country's foreign and domes- tic policies. The Party defended its general line in a relent- less struggle against Trotskyites, petty-bourgeois adventur- ists, right-wing opportunists, national deviationists and other anti-Leninist schools and groups. Firmly and consistently guided by Marxist-Leninist princi- pies and constantly developing and enriching the theoretical heritage of Marx-Engels-Lenin, the C.P.S.U. is confidently leading the Soviet people along the path of communist con- struction and is successfully fulfilling its role of organizer and political leader of the Soviet people. The experience of the C.P.S.U. as the party of the Great Socialist Revolution, as the guiding force of a socialist soci- ety built in a country where formerly there had existed the most diverse socio-economic structures-from patriarchal 'tribalism to capitalism-has enormous international signifi- cance. The Communist and workers' parties and peoples of fra- ternal countries study carefully and make extensive use of the experience of socialist and communist construction in the Soviet Union in the creation of a new life. The valuaple ex- perience of fraternal parties in the building of socialism is widely used in our country. Mutual support and assistance and the mutual exchange of experience have become a power- ful factor in our successful movement forward along the path 2 The Soviet state has proclaimed and is putting into practice new principles of relations between peoples and countries, principles of equity, sovereignty and noninterference in inter- nal affairs. The Soviet Union, beginning with Lenin's Decree on Peace, is following a foreign policy that is in keeping with the most vital aspirations of the peoples. This is the policy of ensuring favorable conditions for the. building of socialism and communism, of strengthening unity and solidarity among the socialist countries, supporting in every way the struggle of peoples for national and social liberation, consistently follow- ing the principles of peaceful coexistence among states with different social systems and struggling to deliver mankind from a new world war.... The building of socialism and communism in the U.S.S.R. is a most important component part of the world revolutionary process. Socialism now influences world developments.pri- marily through the positive force of its example. The might of our state, its example, prestige and activeness in the interna- tional arena, which have been placed in the service of the Ideals of socialism, are taking on more and more significance ing people of all countries. The Great October Socialist Revolution has immense inter- nati o sign' icance. It has accelerated the course iTi`stoor- ical events in the world. The ideas of Marxism-Leninism and October hae sprea over the entire earth, they have roused peoples to the struggle against their oppressors, for freedom and independence. The gains of the October Revolution have been a mighty base for revolutionary reforms in all parts of the world.... The October Revolution was the turning point in the develop- ment o the national- I e afion movement. It demonstrated the real possibility o complete plete na ions i eration for peoples, be- gan the crisis of the colonial system and opened realistic pros- pects for national-liberation revolutions. The smashing of colonial empires, the entrance of formerly enslaved peoples into international life as an active and independent force, their striving toward social progress-all of this is inseparably con- nected with the October Revolution, the successes of socialism and the class and anti-imperialist struggle of the peoples of the world. The Great October Socialist Revolution: united in asingg e current the struggle of the proletariat and other revolutionary forces for sociaalism wit the slruggTe of oppressed peop es agar snnational colon al oppression.- IL dis- closed the urgency an net cesslty of an alliance between the workers' movement and the national-liberation struggle of peoples in the name of victory over imperialism, in the name of the triumph of national and social freedom; exerted an immense revolutionary influence on the peoples of the world, strengthened the fighting determination o the aroused broad social strata to an active political life; to an enormous extent, furthered the strengthening of the organization oft e working class and the working people throughou the world, which has found its expression in 'the growth of Communist Parties and in the rapid development of trade unions, women's and young people's organizations and all the progressive forces in society.... The strategic line of the modern Communist movement was defined in the Declaration and Statement of the Moscow Con- ferences of representatives of Communist and workers' par- ties, and fidelity to these is an inalienable feature of the Marxist-Leninist parties. A half century of history has proven the correctness and and social democratism. The experience demonstrates that ily guided by Marxism-Leninism, and any attempt to replace Marxism-Leninism with pseudo-revolutionary phraseology and American imperialism, having assumed the function of world policeman, is intensifying provocations 'in various areas of the world. U.S. imperialists have unleashed a piratical war against the Vietnamese people and are trying to strangle the freedom and independence of the peoples and establish their Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 This requires strengthening of unity among all revolution- ary and progressive forces for a vigorous rebuff to the ag- gressors, for the struggle against imperialism. A half century of experience demonstrates graphically the unshakability of the Marxist-Leninist position on the indivisi- bility of the national and international tasks of revolutionary forces. Loyalty to proletarian internationalism is the founda- tion for the successful motion forward of the revolutionary cause in every in ivt coon ry a i on on interne ao~ on scale.... The 23rd C.P.S.U. Congress was an important milestone in the movement of our country toward communism. On the basis o a profoun scientific ana ysis, the rty Congress determined the main tasks of the modern' stage of communist construction. The Party worked out and is implementing highly important steps toward establishing and developing Leninist norms of Party and state life, improving the princi- ples of collectivity in work, developing inner-Party democ- racy, expanding criticism and self-criticism and improving the methods of managing the national economy. The tasks and plans for coming years outlined by the 23rd Party Congress awaken new forces and new energy in the Soviet people.... The C.P.S.U. Central Committee resolves: To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Great October So- cialist Revolution as the great holiday of the working people, an increase in labor productivity, an improvement of the sys- tem of planning and economic incentives and the perfecting of social relations; ensuring high, steady rates of development in agriculture and a significant increase in the output of agricultural prod- ucts on the basis of the intensification of agricultural production; a further substantial rise in the material and cultural level of the life of the people, the expansion of housing, cultural and service construction in the city and the countryside; the further improvement of socialist democracy, a raising the glorious holiday of all the peoples of the U.S.S.R. and as the triumph of the ideas of October, the ideas of communism. Recalling the words of V. 1. Lenin that the best way of cele- brating the anniversary of the great Revolution is to concen- trate attention on unsolved problems, the C.P.S.U. Central Committee recommends to Party, Soviet, trade union, Y.C.L. and economic organizations that they expand even more the struggle for realization of the plans outlined by the 23rd C.P.S.U. Congress and direct the efforts of the working peo- ple toward solving the following highly important tasks: a further significant growth in industry, an increase in the efficiency of social production on the basis of the comprehen- sive utilization of the achievements of science and technology, of the role of the Soviets, full exercise of their powers in carrying out the tasks of economic and cultural construction, the development of activeness among the working people in all spheres of public life, an increase In the responsibility to the people of executive agencies, Deputies and officials; the strengthening of the socialist norms of life, the enrich- ment of the revolutionary traditions of our society and the comprehensive rearing of the people in the spirit of Soviet patriotism, proletarian internationalism and friendship among peoples. To recommend to the Central Committees of Union-republic Communist Parties; territory, province, city and district Party committees; and primary Party organizations that they launch widespread organizational and political work in connec- tion with the 50th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution.... The preparations for and celebration of the 50th anniversary of October are called upon to promote the further development of the revolutionary and labor traditions of the people and of Soviet patriotism and proletarian internationalism, the foster- ing in the working people of high moral qualities, devotion to communist ideals, a civic attitude, implacability toward bour- geois ideology, the ability to place the interests of the social- ist homeland above all else, and the readiness to defend with weapons in 'hand the achievements of socialism. There should be wider enlistment of Old Bolsheviks, partic' torica ipatts in the October Revolution, veterans of the Civil and Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29 : Great Patriotic Wars and veterans of labor for active partici- pation in the preparations for celebration of theanniversury....:.. To establish as symbols of labor valor commemorative banners of the C.P.S.U. Central Committee, the Presidium of the U.S.S.R. Supreme Soviet, the U.S.S.R. Council of Ministers and the Central Council of Trade Unions in honor of the 50th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, as well as all-Union prizes. To establish that after the tabulation of the results of the socialist' competition in honor of the 50th anniversary of Octo- ber the commemorative flags will remain in the permanent possession of collectives of industrial enterprises, construc- tion organizations and collective and state farms that have achieved the highest results in the fulfillment of their pledges. To recommend to the Central Council of Trade Unions and trade union committees and councils that they work out and implement measures for the extensive participation of trade union organizations in the preparations for and celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Soviet regime.... To recommend to the Y.C.L. Central Committee that it work out measures for the participation of Y.C.L. members and young people in the preparations for the 50th anniversary of October.... To approve the initiative of local Soviets and collectives of working people, which have outlined an extensive program of civic improvements, the planting of greenery in streets and squares and the establishment of public gardens and parks in honor of the 50th anniversary of Soviet rule. During the days of the preparations for and celebration of the 50th anniversary of October, to honor nationwide the mem- ory of those who fell in the struggle for the cause of the Revo- lution, for the establishment and strengthening of Soviet rule, and to pay tribute at meetings to Old Bolsheviks; active partic- ipants in the revolution, the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars; veterans of labor; heroes of the five-year plans; and active participants in the building of socialism. The editors of the newspapers Pravda, Izvestia, Ekonomi- cheskaya gazeta, Selskaya zhizn, Sovetskaya Rossia, Trud and Komsoniolskaya pravda; the editors of the magazines Kommu- nist, Partiinaya zhizn, Agitator, Politicheskoye sainoobrazo- vaniye; the editors of central, republic, territory, province, city and borough newspapers and magazines; and the U.S.S.R. Council of Ministers' State Committee on Radio and Television Broadcasting and its local agencies are to give extensive cov- erage to preparations for the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution. It is necessary to represent in the press, on radio and on television the glorious revolutionary activity of our party the achievements of the Soviet state and social systems, the advantages of socialist democracy, friendship among the peo- ples of the U.S.S.R., the courage and heroism of the people; to show the selfless labor of the Soviet people and to arouse them to new labor feats. The U.S.S.R. Council of Ministers' State Committee on Science and Technology and the Union-republic Councils of Ministers are to demonstrate extensively the achievements of the Soviet republics, using exhibitions and other opportunities for this purpose. To recommend to the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, the C.P.S.U. Central Committee's Marxism-Leninism Institute, the C.P.S.U. Central Committee's Academy of Social Sciences, the C.P.S.U. Central Committee's Higher Party School, the Central Council of Trade Unions, the U.S.S.R. Ministry of Culture, the U.S.S.R. Council of Ministers' Committee for the Press, the U.S.S.R. Council of Ministers' Cinematography Committee, the. U.S.S.R. Ministry of Higher and Specialized Secondary Educa- tion,. the U.S.S.R. Council of Ministers' State Committee on Vocational and Technical Education, the U.S.S.R. Ministry of Communications, the board of directors of the All-Union Knowledge Society, the boards of directors of the U.S.S.R. Writers' Union, Artists' Union, Composers' Union, Cinematog- raphers' Union, Journalists' Union and Architects' Union, the Central Council of the Union of Sports Societies and U.S.S.R. organizations that they implement measures in preparation for the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution, in particular: 1, socio-economic, political, military, artistic and chll- CIA-RDP78-03061 A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 dren's literature, enlisting as authors Old Bolsheviks, veter- ans of the Revolution and the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars, heroes of labor, prominent scholars and public figures, en- suring the high ideological and artistic level of the publica- tions; the widespread offering of lectures, reports and discussions, theoretical conferences and meetings with veterans of the Revolution, labor and wars; the organization of excursions to historical revolutionary cites and friendship and international solidarity evenings-for the working people; the preparation and issuance of historical-revolutionary, scientific-documentary and feature films and television pro- grams; the holding of contests for the beat scientific and technical achievements, scientific work and works of literature and art devoted to the anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution; the preparation of anniversary productions, exhibitions of works of fine art and folk art, the holding of ten-day literature and art festivals, the organization of inspections of amateur art works; the holding of anniversary scientific sessions and confer- ences; the holding of mass athletic competitions, physical-culture hikes to historical sites, Spartakiads among the peoples of the U.S.S.R., etc. For the purpose of perpetuating the events of the October Revolution and the memory of the fighters for Soviet rule, to recommend to the Central Committees of Union-republic Communist Parties and the Union-republic Councils of Min- isters that they put in order existing monuments, obelisks, mass graves and the resting places of revolutionaries by widely enlisting the public in this matter. The C.P.S.U. Central Committee exhorts the men and wom- en workers of the Soviet Union to mark the forthcoming anniversary of the Soviet regime with new successes in the development of socialist industry, construction and transpor- tation, in the improvement of the production activity of enter- prises, in raising labor productivity and multiplying the labor traditions of the glorious working class. The C.P.S.U. Central Committee exhorts the toilers of the countryside to mark the anniversary of October by further strengthening the economies of collective and state farms, increasing the harvest yield of all agricultural crops and by increasing the output of livestock products and all the products of agriculture. The C.P.S.U. Central Committee exhorts the intelligentsia of the Soviet Union to struggle still more vigorously to accel:' erate the scientific and technical progress of our homeland, to develop further the spiritual culture of socialist society. The C.P.S.U. Central Committee exhorts Soviet women-tire- less laborers-tor continue to apply their energy and initiative In solving the problems of communist construction and to show unflagging concern for the upbringing of the younger generation, The C.P.S.U. Central Committee exhorts Soviet young peon ple to be loyal continuers of the cause of the October Revolu- tion, active builders of the new world, to master knowledge and to preserve and multiply the gains of older generations. The C.P.S.U. Central Committee exhorts the warriors of the U.S.S.R. Armed Forces persistently to master combat techniques and weapons, to keep sacred and multiply the rev- olutionary and battle traditions of the army and navy, to guard vigilantly and reliably the sacred borders of the Soviet state, born of the October Socialist Revolution. The C.P.S.U. Central Committee expresses firm certitude that Communists, Y.C.L. members and all the working peo- ple, through their creative labor, will multiply even more the economic and military might of the country, will implement still more energetically the great plans for communist con- struction defined by the Party Program and the decisions of the 23rd C.P.S.U. Congress, and will give a fitting reception to the glorious 50th anniversary of the Great October Social- ist Revolution. 14 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3 STAT Next 11 Page(s) In Document Denied Iq Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/29: CIA-RDP78-03061A000400050001-3