OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR 35 MM SEQUENCE CAMERA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-03172A000300020069-3
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 66
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 14, 2012
• Sequence Number: 69
• Publication Date: November 1, 1960
• Content Type: MISC

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~)YERA'L'IONS AND MAINTENANCE
1~IAN U A L
FOK
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1
OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE
MANUAL
FOR
~ ~Mtl- . c~ 5 ~ ~ _. 'r'M1M
mar .~....~.,? - ~e tr~r v i ~, ;wrwa ~ ta.:
NOVEMBER 1960
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1
^
GUNTENTS
SECTION I - DESGRIYTION OF EQUIPMENT
1. 1 General Description
1. 1. 1 Camera System
1.2 Detail Description
1. 2. 1 Camera Body
1. 2. 1. 1 Contents
1. 2.1.2 Datahead
1. 2. 1. 3 Reflex Viewfinder
1 ~ 2. 2 Magazines
1 ~ 2 ~ 3 Control Box and Cable
1 . 2, 4 Low Light Level Cutout
1 , 2. 5 Power Supply
1.2.6 Lens (58mm)
1 . 2? 7 Tripod
1 . 2. R Lens Support
Page
SECTION II -INSTALLATION 7
2. 1 Setting Up Procedure 7
2. 1 , 1 Set Up Tripod 7
2. 1.2 Fasten Camera to Tripod 7
2, l~ 3 Lens and Viewfinder Fastened to Camera 8
2. 1.4 Control and Power Supply Gable and Battery 9
2. 1.5 Magazine 11
2. 1. 6 Setting Data Ctock 11
2. 1, 7 Sighting the Camera 12
2. 1, 8 Sighting the Sensor 13
2. 2 Setting up Procedure for Operation with
Mirrotel Mount 13
SEGTIUN III -OPERATION
3. 1 Selection of Lenses
3. 2 Selection of F-Stop
Table I
3. 3 Loading Magazines
3. 3. 1 100 Foot Magazine
3, 3. 2 400 Foot Magazine
3.3.3 1000 Foot Magazine
3.4 Automatic Exposure Control
3. 5 Low Light Level Cut Out
3. 6 Manual Uperation
3.7 Automatic Operation with Sensor
16
16
16
17
18
18
21
22
23
24
25 `
26
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CONTENTS (Continued)
Page
SECTION IV - THEORY OF OPERATION
28
4.
1 Camera
28
4.
1. 1 Mechanical
28
4..
1. 1. 1 Shutter and Drive Mechan7am
L8
4.
1. 1. 2 Shutter -Setting Mechanism
28
4.
1 . 1 ~ 3 Film Drive Mechanism
29
4.
1 . L Electrical
29
4.
1, 2. 1 Drive Motor Controls (Cams and Switches)
29
4.
1.2..2 Automatic Exposure Control
30
4.
1 . L~ Z~ 1 Photocell
31
4.
1. L. 2.L Photocell Amplifier
3L
4.
1. 2, Z~3 Manual Operation
32
4. 1. L. L,4 Automatic Exposure Cuntr~l
32
4~ L. L. 3 Data Larnp and Data Cam Switch
33
4.2 Sensor Operation
33
4. 3 Low Light Level Cutout
33
SEC TIUN V - MAINTENANCE
35
5. 1
Preventative Maintenance -General
35
5.2
Preventative Maintenance -Detail
35
5. 2. 1
Lenses
35
5~ 2. 2
Magazine
35
5. Lo 3
Game ra
36
5.3
Corrective Maintenance
36
Malfunction Table
37
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APPENDIX
Figure 1 Camera System Components ~
Figure 2 Camera System on Tripod
Figure 3 Camera Body with Control Cover Removed
Figure 4 Camera Body -Front View
Figure 5 View of Camera with Cover Removed
Figure 6 Shutter Assembly
Figure 7 Data Head
Figure 8 Data Head with Cover Removed
Figure 9 Reflex Viewfinder
Figure 10 Magazine Selection
Figure 11 100 Foot Magazine Loading Scheme
Figure 12 100 Foot Magazine with Cover Plate Removed
Figure 13 400 Foot Magazine Loading Scheme
Figure 14 400 Foot Magazine with Cover Plate Removed
Figure 15 1.000 Foot Magazine Loading Scheme
Figure 16 1.000 Foot Magazine with Cover Plate Removed
Figure 17 Control Box and Cable
Figure 18 Boreeight
Figure 19 Camera with Mirrotel Mount
Figure 20 Camera Support Showing Knobs A, B, C, and D
Figure ll Camera Support -Bottom View
Figure 22 Partial Schematic
Tripod Instruction Manual
Electrical Schematic
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1. 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION:
The Sequence Camera is designed to take single pictures at
rates of up to 2 pictures per second. It may be operated manually, or auto-
matically by an external sensor or trigger device. Manual operation may be
performed at the camera or remotely by means of a control box at the end of
along cable. ,When operated automatically, the camera may be left unat-
tended for long periods of time. It contains an automatic exposure device to
assure the proper exposure of negatives over widely varying light conditions.
When operating manually, the shutter can be set so that time exposures may
be made with the camera.
Camera System:
The system consists of the following functional units:
(a) Camera body with reflex viewfinder and data head
(b) 1 00 ft, , 400 ft~ , and 1000 ft~ magazines of 35mm film
(c) Control box and cable ~
(d) Low light level cutout device
(e) Battery power supply
(f) 58mm lens
(g) Tripod with pan head
(h) Telephoto and Mirrotel lens supports
(i) Cables, connectors, spare parts tools, and instruction manual
Figr. 1, 2 and 19 )
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1
1. Z DETAIL DESCRIPTION:
1.2.1 Camera Body:
1.2. 1. 1 Contents:
' The camera body contains the motor drive for the shutter and
film transport mechanism, the drive for the automatic exposure control the
automatic exposure control amplifier, the shutter, and the various gearing,
cams and control switches necessary to perform the various camera functions.
Power takeoff and mounting surface for the various magazines are located on
the side of the camera body. Amounting surface and plug-in connector for
the data clock are located un the side of the head A coupling ring for the
reflex housing is located on the front. On top, under stamper-proof cover,
are located the control knobs for the on-off switcho the exposure control auto-
matic manual switch and the film ASA rating switch. At the back are the power
connector and the control box connector. (Figures 3, 4 and 5)
1. 2. 1. Z Data Head:
The data head, which plugs into the side of the camera body,
contains an electric clock and lightso whichF when flashed by a cam switch
within the camera, expose an image of the cluck on the film through an optical
system of lenses and mirrors. (Figures 7 and 8)
1 , L. 1. 3 Reflex Viewfinder:
The viewfinder is a modified Leica Visoflex II and is clamped
I
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onto the front of the camera body by means of a clamp ring. When viewing,
a spring-return lever is depressed, which inserts a reflex mirror into the
optical path behind the lens, to permit viewing and focussing When the lever
is released the mirror rotates out of the optical path. (Figure 9)
1. 2, 2 Magazines:
The 1000 400 and 1000 foot magazines are of the darkroom-
loading type, All three magazines have footage indicators, and the 400 and 1000
foot magazines have indicators or "telltales" which rotate when the supply
spool is feeding film. The pressure plates are removable to allow effective
maintenance. (Figure 10)
1.2.3 Control Box and Cable:
The control box is located on the end of a short length of cable
which plugs into the upper connector on the camera. It contains a push but-
ton ?witch with a locking device, and atwo-position rotary switch marked "I"
and "TB". The control box may be plugged in at the end of a long extension
cable, permitting remote operation of the camera. (Figure 17)
1.2.4 Low Light Level Cutout:
The low light level cutout device plugs in between the camera
and the battery power supply in the lower connector at the back of the camera.
It works in conjunction with the automatic exposure control photocell to cut
r~
the power off from the camera and exposure control amplifier whenever the
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light level falls below the point where properly exposed negatives may be
obtained. When the light increases again the power is automatically cut in.
1.2.5 Power Supply:
Since the successful completion of a mission depends to a.great
extent on the power supply used it is of utmost importance to choose one with
sufficient capacity, The required capacity i~ determined on the basis of the
current drain of each of the system elements The table included here lists
the total energy consumed by these elements.
ENERGY REQUIREMENT
TOTAL ENERGY PER MONTH
AMP. HOUR AT 26 VOLT
1
Camera & Mag. 1.20 .40 . 10
Exposure Control Inactive 5MA 3. 60 3, 60 3. 60
Data Recording Clock . 25MA . 18 . 18 . 18
Low Light Le ve 1
Lamp . 30 . 06 . 02
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To this must be added the power requirement of the sensor if
one is used. The battery rating should be a minimum of 25% grater than
the sum total of all the requirements.
The lens provided with the camera is a Zeiss Biotar F/2 with
a focal length of 58mm. This lens is equipped with a Practina bayonet mount
and must be used on the camera directly (without the VISOFLEX). In order
to mount the lens to the camera, turn the bayonet in counter-clockwise direc-
lion as far as it will go~ Insert the lens into the bayonet ring, making sure
that the screwhead key on the lens lines up with the slot in the camera With
the lens squarely seated in the camera, turn the bayonet ring clockwise until
it is tight. This lens is useful for general p~rpoae small scale photography.
Lenses with shorter or longer focal lengths can be used directly on the camera
as long as they are equipped with a Practina bayonet mount. An operation re-
quiring telephoto work is best accomplished with the help of the reflex view-
finder (modified VISOFLEX). The camera side of the reflex viewfinder comes
equipped with a bayonet mount and interchanges with the 58mm Biotar Lena,
The opposite side of the reflex viewfinder is provided with a threaded mount
1
which is suitable for use with Leica lenses. Any short barrel Leica lens
1.2.7 ~ Tripod:
The tripod is a Quick-set industrial Hercules Model 5002, on
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which is mounted a Hercules No. 5221 Geared Pan Head. The instruction
manual for the tripod and head ie included in the appendix of this manual.
1.2.8 Lena Support:
When lenses of long focal length (200 MM or more) are used,
it is unwise to depend on the lens mounts as the sole means of aupp~rt. Such
lenses must be used in conjunction with the special lens support provided
with the system.
The lens support incorporates into the camera base plate by
means of the two support rails. An adjustable cradl~y, which can be positioned
on these railsB clamps to the lens at any desired point.
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2.1 SETTING-UP PROCEDURE:
When the site at which the equipment ie to be set up has been
selected, set up the equipment in the following manner:
2.1.1 Set Up Tripod:
Set the tripod and head up in the desired position with the tilt
control wheel facinb the direction in which the camera is to sight. (See tri-
~ pod instruction section in appendix.) Next, loosen the horizontal fluted knob
on the aide of the pan head directly under the mounting; plate and slide the
plate toward the back exposing the vertical fluted knob directly under the plate.
This knob is part of the mounting stud used to fasten the base plate carrying
the camera and sensor to the tripod head.
Set base plate on the pan head plate making sure that the hole
with the tapped insert is positioned over the mounting stud, and that the two
locating pins on the camera base plate rest over the locating holes on the pan
head. Turn the fluted knob under the pan head plate until the camera base
plate is securely fastened flush on the pan head with the locating pine in the
holes Slide the head forward until the vertical fluted knob is in the center of
the pan head assembly, and tighten it in position by turning the horizontal
fluted knob located directly under the base plate until it is tight.
2. 1.2 Fasten Camera To Tripod:
Mount the camera on base plate by means of three captive
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If a lens requiring support is used, insert the short end of
?
lens Support rails into the holes in the base plate and push the rails in until
the supporting tie-bar rests against the base, If difficulty is experienced in
pushing the rails home, remove the alien wrench from the supporting strut
on the tripod, and turn the set screws on both sides of the base plate outward.
When the rails have been properly seated, fasten them in place by turning the
set screws inward until they are tight, using the alien wrench supplied with
the tripod. Slide lens clamp over the rails, and fasten it tentatively near the
end of the rails, using the alien wrench suppliedo If a short lens requiring no
support ics used, the rails are not neededa
Examine the threads on lens, and the mating threads on the re-
flex housing, and remove any dirt or dust particles from the threads? Insert
the reflex housing aperture squarely into the lens thread and turn it gently
clockwise until the threads on the lens engage the threads in the housing, Con-
tinue turning gently until the lens is threaded home in the housing. If any dif-
ficulty iS experienced in engaging the threads, do not force the engagemento
Withdraw the housing and start over,
Then turn the bayonet ring on the camera counter Clockwise
(facing the front of camera) as far as posaibleo Now insert the reflex housing
and lens assembly or practina mount lens squarely into the mounts Make sure
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that the key of either the reflex housing or practina lens mount fits into the
notch in the camera and turn the ring clockwise until the assembly is firmly
attached to the camera* If the reflex housing is not used, the camera can be
sighted by using the bore sight. Line up small hole in the face of the bore
eight with a pin located near the lower left corner of the focal plane plate of
camera, and screw in captive thumb screw on the camera body into angle-
bracket of bore sight. After the bore sight is securely in place, focus eye-
piece (by moving back and forth) on reticle on ground glass, Now focus the
lens in the usual manner.
2.1.4 Control and Power Supply Cable and Battery:
Turn the control knob on the top of the camera to the "OFF"
positions Set the battery on the ground near the tripod and connect the bat-
tery cable to the camera by twisting the connector on the cable clockwise onto
the lower receptacle on the camera until it clicks in place. Now insert the
cable of the hand control box in a like manner Set the knob of the hand con-
trol box to "I" and the knob on the camera to "ON". By depressing the push
button, the camera should begin operating ae evidenced by a whirring and
clicking noise and the small gear on the magazine side of the camera will be
turning. When you are satisfied that the camera ie operating, release the
push button and the camera will shut itself off,
In case the camera does not operate, see the appropriate par-
agraph under the "Malfunction" section to determine the cause, first checking
* See Figure 4
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to see that the battery connector is properly seated in the receptacles
To operate the camera with the sensor turn knob on top of
camera to "OFF" and remove hand control box. The cable from the relay
connects to the upper receptacle of the camera, in place of the hand control
bqx and the cable from the relay connecto to the terminal poets on the sensor.
The terminals on the sensor are identified, and the terminal identification
should agree with the cable wire identification marker for proper operation
of the sensor. In order to check operation of the sensor, turn the sensor
switch, located near the terminal posts, to the "ON" position with the switch
handle pointing toward the rear of the sensor Then turn the camera control
switch on top of the camera to the "ON" position. OFen the sensor lens dia-
phragm to maximum aperture and remove the lens cap. The camera should
begin operating when the lens cap is removed, and should continue operating
for about 30 seconds, If the light has not changed during the 30 seconds, and
no motion has occurred in front of the lens during that time, the camera will
shut itself off. When the lens cap is replaced, the camera should start oper-
sting again, and remain in operation for about 30 seconds before it shuts it-
self off and stays off
If the sensor does not operate, check the cable connections,
making sure that the camera switch is in "ON" position, that the sensor switch
is "ON", and that the battery cable is connected to the camera, before refer-
ring to the malfunction table in the maintenance section.
If the sensor operates the camera satisfactorily, continue with
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t
.the set up procedure
2~ 1. 5 Magazine Installation:
Choose a magazine with the proper film capacity. Make sure
that the magazine is loaded by checking the footage indicator, which indicates
the feet of remaining unexposed film, and by seeing that there is a strip of
film in the gate Set the magazine in place on the side of the camera with the
locating pin and gate projection on the camera in line with the hole and gate
i
aperture on the magazine. Slide the magazine forward into place, and tighten
the thumb screw on the side of the camera until the magazine is securely
fastened on the camera. The magazine should seat flush on the camera mount-
ing surfaces.
2.10 6 Setting The Data Clock:
Remove the data head from the camera by loosening the four
captive screws on the data head with the screwdriver supplied in the tool kit.
When the four screws are bosened, pull the data head straight back, so as not
to bend the connector pinao When the data head is separated from the c;mera
body, turn it ao as to expose the clock dials. Remove the tool from under
the clamp and set the sharp end in one of the holes in the upper or "day" dial.
Turn the dial either clockwise or counterclockwise until the day of the month
is in line with~the index. Then set the lower or hour dial until the proper hour
is in line with the index line. Set the hour dial to the nearest quarter hour.
Advance the day dial according to the hour setting; that is. if the hour setting
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ie 12 and the day ie 24, set the day dial half way between 24 and 25. After
setting the dials, return the setting tool to its holder. (Figure 7)
Before replacing the data head a check should be made to
see if the data lamp is functioning. By Betting the connector in the data head
into the connector in the camera backwards, the data lamp will light and stay
lit until the connection ie broken. If the lamp fails to light in thin position,
replace lamp and repeat check.
To replace, align the pins of the data head with the connector
1
receptacle of the camera, preen straight down and fasten. The data head clock
should not be set unless the battery cable is plugged into the camerao
2.1.7 Sighting the Camera:
The camera is sighted through the reflex housing or bore eight
Remove the lens cap from the lens. Open the lens diaphragm to the largest
aperture (smallest f number). Loosen the clamp knobs on the tilt and pan con-
trols on the tripod pan head. Depress the mirror lever on the side of the re-
flex housing if used or attach bore eight (as explained in Paragraph 2~ 1. 3),
and look into the viewing eyepiece. Adjust the tilt wheel and pan wheel until
the rectangle in the eyepiece covers the field desired. Turn the focusing ring
on the lens until an object in the field in the target area is in sNirp focus.
Tighten the clamps on the tilt and pan controls and sight through the reflex
housing or bore eight to make sure that the ledr is still aimed at the desired
targeto
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2. 1. 8 Sighting The Sensor: (The following paragraph applies if an optical
sensor is used. )
Loosen the two thumb screws, one at the front of the sensor
mount, and t'he other at the back Look through the eyepiece, and turn the
knob on top of the sensor clockwise so that you can eight through the lens. (If
the image is dim, open the diaphragm of the sensor lens to its largest opening. )
Swing the front of the sensor mount until the square in the eight covers the center
of the rectangle viewed by the camera lens. Turn the focusing ring on the sen-
sor lens until an object in the target area ie in focus. When the censor ie pro-
perly sighted, release the knob on top of the sensor, and tighten ~pwn on the
1
front and back thumbscrews. Check the field covered by the rectangle in the
camera lens viewer and that covered by the een$or, square. If the field covered
by the senor square is larger than that covered by the camera rectangle, un-
screw the sensor lens and replace it with one that has a longer focal length.
The sensor field covered by the square should be smaller than that covered by
the camera rectangle.
2, 2 SETTING-UP PROCEDURE FOR OPERATION WITH MIRROTEL MOUNT:
2. 2. 1 Unpack the camera support and set it on the mounting surface
with the knobs A and B facing you. Tip the mount backward, exposing the knob
underneath. Loosen the knob about 1/2 inch and rotate the lower leg clock-
wise (viewed from above), until the lower leg shape into place at right angles
to upper leg Tighten the knob and set the mount down firmly in the supporting
(Figures 190 20, 21)
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2. 2~ 2 Unpack the Mirrotel lens. Set the lens down on a firm sup-
porting surface.. Remove the small lens cap from the lens mounting ring,
and store it. Unpack the reflex houainb, lift the back of the lens up, and
screw the reflex housing onto the lens, making sure that the threads are pro-
perly engaged Do not force the engagement; if difficulty is experienced in
threading the reflex housing on the lens, back off the housing and start again
until the engagement is smooth and the housing threads easily onto the lens.
It is advisable to make sure that there is no duet or dirt on the threads of
either the lens or housing. Tighten the reflex housing on the lens by turning
it as far as it will goa
2. 2. 3. Set the lens on its side and remove the thumb screws from the
bottom, of the mounting bases of the lene~ Place the lens on the mount with
the front of the lens (large end) toward the right and the lens mounting bases
on the sliding mounting surfaces. Adjust the space between the mounting aur-
faces to match the space, between the mounting base? on the lens Set the lens
down firmly on the mountinb surfaces, until the dowel pine on the mounting
surfaces engage the holes in the mounting bases and the lens is firmly seated.
Unscrew and remove knob A and insert the thumb screws up through the holes
on the mounting surfaces into the lens bases and tighten them firmly.
2. 2. 4 Push the lens forward on the eliding base as far as it will go.
Set the camera on support with holes on bottom of the camera aligned with
thumb screwe~ Tighten thumb screws firmly so that camera is firmly fastened
on mount.
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1
2. 2. 5 Turn the bayonet ring on the camera counter-clockwise Gfacing
the front of the camera) ae far as possible and elide the lens toward the camera
until viewfinder housing engages in the bayonet mount. Turn the ring firmly
clockwise until the ring ie tight.
2. 2. 6 Replace knob A and remove the cover from the front of the lens
2. 2. 7 Now proceed with steps described in paragraphs 20 l0 4 to 2.1.8,
ignoring references to the tripod.
1
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3.1 SELECTION OF LENSES:
While only one lens is supplied with the camera system,
lenses of various focal lengths may be used. The proper lens to use for any
particular setup is dependent on the distance from the camera to the subject,
and on how much of the subject it is desired to photograph. The coverage of
any particular lease may be observed by viewing through the reflex viewfinder.
The lens that provides the desired coverage at the subject-to-camera distance
should be selected. , If exact coverage is desired, it may be necessary to move
the camera.
3.2 SELECTION OF F STOP:
The lens F atop ie selected on the basis of depth of field desired,
film ASA rating, shutter speed, and the range of light variation prevailing dur-
ing the time it is desired to take the pictureso If the camera ie constantly at-
tended, the problem is simplified by the ability of the operator to reset the
diaphragm atop to stay within the automatic exposure system correction range
for the film useda If the camera is to operate unattended, then the light r}nge
at which photography is desired should be measured with a light meter, and the
F stop set so that the automatic exposure control would be able to compensate
over that range. Table I will assist the operator in determining the F stop to
be used for any situation.
The following example ie given to indicate the manner in which
the table may be used in order to set the F stop.
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TABLE I
INGIDENT LIGHT ILLUMINATION RANGE
ASA
f L
f 2, 8
f 4
f 5. 6
f 8
f 11
f 16
45
90
180
360
720
l0 440
2, 880
10
3, 600
7, 200
14, 400
28, 800
57, 600
115, 200
230, 400
14
28
56
112
224
448
896
32
1, 120
2, 240
4, 480
8, 960
17, 920
35, 840
71, 680
50 6
11.2
22.4
45
90
180
360
80
448
896
1, 792
3, 584
7, 168
14, 336
28, 672
20 8
5. 6
11.2
22..4
45
90
180
160
224
448
896
1, 792
3, 584
70 168
14, 336
1. 8
3 ~ 6
7. 2
14.4
29
58
1 16
250
144
L88
576
1, 152
2- 304
4, 608
9, 216
1.1
2.2
4.4
9
18
36
+ 72
400
90
180
360
720
1, 440
2, 880
5, 760
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The film used has an ASA rating of 160 and the lens has an F
stop range from F/ 2 to F/ 16~ Previous measurements have shown that the
light range at which it is desired to take pictures is from 80 to 2000 foot candle o.
Under the ASA 160 table, the exposure system ie able to correct from 45 foot
candles ,to 3584 foot candles in the F/8 column,. Therefore, if the lens is set
at F/8, the automatic exposure control would provide proper exposure for all
light conditions between 45 and 3584 foot candles.
It must be remembered that the automatic exposure control can
correct for light changes of only 80 to 1~ and the lens opening and film type
should be selected so that the correction range covers as much ae the light
variation as possible.
All magazines must be loaded in complete darkness, especially
I
when high speed film is used. It is suggested that loading the magazines be
practiced in daylight using dummy film
3. 3. 1 100 Foot Magazine: (Fig. 11 }
The 100 ft. magazine film is supplied on a spool. The fol-
lowing procedure should be followed in loading the film spool:
3. 3. 1. 1 Outside the darkroom, lay the magazine on a bench with the top
cover up and the top of the magazine facing outward.
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1
3. 3.1.2 Open the magazine by turning the locking le ~e~re to the "O"
position, and lift the cover off.
3. 3. 1 < 3 Slide the film guide located,at the sprocket wheel at the lower
right away from the sprockets.
3. 3. 1. 4 Press the pressure plate inward and upward with the forefinger
until it locks in position away from the gate apert~ireo
Looking down in the magazine, the supply spool spindle is on the
left and the takeup spool spindle on the right.
30 3.1.5 Take the magazine and cover into the darkroom and set the
magazine on the bench with the gate aperture facing to the right.
3. 30 1. 6 Hold the loaded spool up so that film feeds up from the bottom
right. Reel off about a foot as leader.
3. 3.1.7 Set spool on supply spindle with film feeding off to the right, and
jiggle spool on the spindle until square hole in spool fits over square spindle
and ie solidly seated on spindle. When properly seated, the square spindle
protrudes above the top surface of the spool.
3. 3. l0 8 Slip t}ie leader between the guide roller and top wall of magazine
near the supply spool, between upper right guide roller and corner, between
the pressure plate and aperture, and around the lower right corner sprocket.
Fold over the edge of the film and slip the edge into the slit of the
take-up spool. Seat the takeup spool on the takeup spindle, and rotate the takeup
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spool counter-clockwise until the film pulls through the gate, Tighten the film
over the sprocket rollero and push the film guide against the sprocket roller
making sure that ,the sprockets fit into the sprocket holes in the film. Rotate
the takeup spool counter-clockwise to make sure that the film is feeding properly.
30 3. 1. 9 Push the pressure plate downward until it is released and presses
against the film at the gate with the film between the plate and the gate
3 ~ 3. 1. 10 Rotate the takeup spool a few turns and feel if the film feeds past
-?
the gate smoothly.
3. 3~ 1. 11 Set the magazine cover squarely on t'!ie magazine so that the
locking pins fit into their receptacles. Push the cover down evenlyp feeling the
edges to see that the cover fits flush on the magazine. Turn the locking levers
toward the rim in clockwise direction until they snap in place Feel around
the edge to make sure that the cover is on tight. The magazine is now loaded
and may be removed from the darkroom Caution: Do not depress the pressure
plate when the film is in the magazine and out of the darkroom, Fogging will
occur.'
3, 3, 1. 12 The footage indicator on the magazine indicates the feet of
unexposed film remaining in the magazine. When loaded with 100 feet of film,
the footage indicator will read 100 As the film becomes exposed and transported
from the supply spool to the takeup apool~ the indicator reading will decrease
until it will read "0" when all the film is exposed and transported.
-20-
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3. 3.2 400 Foot Magazine: (Fig. 13)
The 400 loot magazine is similar to the 100 foot magazine with
~ b
the exception that the film for this magazine is wound on a cured rather than
on a spool.
3. 3. L. 1 Place the empty core on the takeup spindle with the male key
up; so that the film leader faces the direction of rotation (counter-clockwise).
Push the cure down onto the film deck.
3. 3. L. Z Press the pressure plate inward and upward until it lucks in
position away from the film gate.
3. 3. L. 3 Take the magazine into the darkroom and elide the supply cure
with the film over the spindle with the key on the core in line with the key way
un the spindle, The film should unwind from the bottom toward the right.
3, 3.2.4 Remove about a foot of leader and slide 'it between the guide
rollers and the magazine wall, between the pressure plate and the film gate.
between the sprocket wheel and its rollero under the dancer roller, and thence
to the cure. Fuld over the end of the film and insert the end into the slit in
the takeup core ,
3. 3. 2. 5 Push the pressure plate downward until it snaps into place with
the film between the plate and aperture gate
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3. ~. Z. 6 Rotate the takeup core counter -clockwise a few turns and feel
if the film pulls through the gate smoothly with the sprockets engaging the
sprocket holes in the film.
3. 3. L. 7 Replace the cover as described in Section 3. 1. 11 for the 100
foot magazine.
3.3.3 Loading 1000 Foot Magazine: (Fig. 15)
3. 3. 3. 1 Remove cover by turning locking levers to "0" position and lift
off,
3. 3. 3. 2 Place an empty cure on takeup spindle with male key up, so that
film leader faces direction of rotation (counter-clockwise) Push the core down
onto the film deck.
3. 3. 3. 3 Press the pressure plate inward and upward until it locks in
position away from the gate aperture The top of the pressure plate should
nut protrude higher than the top of the magazine
3. 3. 3.4 Talae the magazine and cover into the darkruom~ and set the
magazine on the bench with the gate aperture facing away from the edge of the
bench.
3. 3. 3. 5 Take the film spool and set it un the supply spindle with the
leader~to the right unrolling from the bottom, Make sure that the key on the
core fits into the key way on the spindle. Push the spool down flush oat the
film deck
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3< 3. 3. 6 Unroll about a foot of leader and thread it, without twisting
behind the spring loaded tension roller. Push it down between the pressure
plate and gate.
3. 3. 3.7 Push the pressure plate downward until it snaps into place with
t}ie Eiim in front of the plate.
3.3.3.8 I:otate the takeup core counter-clockwise a few turns and feel
if the film pulls through the gate smoothlyo with the sprockets engaging the
sprocket holes in the film.
3. 3. 3. 9 Set the magazine cover aqua rely on the magazine so that the
locking pine fit into their receptacles. Yush the cover down evenly, feeling
the edges to see that the cover fits flush un the magazine. Turn the lucking
levers toward the rim (in a clockwise direction) until they snap into place.
Feel around the edges to see that the cover is on tight. The ragazine is now
loaded and may be removed from the darkroom, Caution: Do not depress the
pressure plate when the film is in the magazine and out of the darkroom.
Fogging will occur.
3.4 Automatic Ex~oaure Guntrol:
3. 4. 1 If the camera is to be used for unattended operation, under
varying light conditions, it is essential that the automatic shutter control of
the camera be activated, In order to do this, three settings must be made,
First, the ASA selector knob must be set to the ASA rating which moat closely
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matches the film ASA rating. Then, the lens diaphragm must be set in
accordance with instructions given in Section III, paragraph 3 ~. The diaphragm
must be properly adjusted in order to take full advantage of the cameras
1
operating range. Doing so insures that the camera will continue to operate
over the widest possible ambient light conditions.
Finally, when the above two settings have been made, turn
the shutter control knob to the "automatic" position. The automatic shutter
will now adjust itself to the prevailing light conditions It will continue to
adjust itself for the rernainder of the mission.
The shutter will nut readjust itself during the time that the
camera is running. If unattended, continuous operation of the camera is
desired, automatic exposure control can be achieved by operating the camera
with an intervulometer. Any rate of ui~ to 1 - 1 /2 frames per second will
provide sufficient time between cycles to allow the exposure control to set
itself. This does nut hold true when the ASA knob is set at 250 or 400. At
these settings, the photocell response is too slow to permit corrective response
bet~een cycles,
3. 5 Low Light Level Gut Out:
The use of the low light level cut out is recommended only when
unattended operation is likely to result in film and power waste during night
time. The type of sensor used is the determining factor. If a sensor such
as a seismic type is used, it is likely to trigger the camera under any and all
light conditions. In this type of system, the low light level should be utilized.
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When using certain types of program timers or light sensors
which do not operate under low light conditi~~n~, the use of the low light level
cut out is superfluous and therefore n~~t recommended
3.6 Manual Operation:
It is possible to operate the carr.era manually at the installation
or at a remote point In either cased the camera must he adjusted as described
in paragraphs 3~ 1 to 304 above.
In manual operation the hand control is used in place of a sensoro
At the camera, the hand control is simply plugged into the upper receptacle of
the camerao For remote uperationo an extension cable of appropriate length
must be uaedo (Gautiun? Long extension cablesa 100 feet ur more, may cause
a serious voltage drop in the system This problec7~ can he partially overcome
by using wire heavier than ]t~ gauge. )
The selector switch on the hand control should be set at "I" for
instantaneous exposures If the diaphragm is properly set, the full range of
shutter speeds will be utilized in the course of a day's operation. In other
wordea the shutter will operate at 1 /400 second at maximum light conditions
and 1/5 second'at marginal operating conditions
The extent of the operation depends not only on the subject il-
lumination~ but also on the subject motion and its distance from the camera.
Shutter speeds of 1 /ZS second or under will yield blurred photographs when
the subject is in motion and relatively close to the camera. Slowly moving
subjects especially those that are further from the camera can be ~~.rccessfully
photographed with shutter speeds 1 /25 or less.. In case of doubt, assume
successful operation over the entire range of shutter speeds,
-25-
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In those cases where the range of shutter speed and diaphragm
setting do nut permit satisfactory exposures wi.h the filer being usedo it may
be practical to utilize longer exposures. Under these circurt,stances~ the hand
control selector should be set at "TB" and the exposures can then be timed
manually. Exposures with a duration of 1 /~ second or longer can be secured
with little difficulty. Depressing the exposure button opens the shutter; re-
leasing it closes the shutter.
Note: Make sure the selector is returned to the I position when
normal operations are to be resumed.
3. 7 Automatic Operation with Sensor:
'The camera may be automatically operated by means of a sensor.
For automatic operatiuno remove the control box and cable and connect the
sensor cable to the camera in place of the control box cable.
In order to operate the camera, the sensor must be able to close
a contact connecting together the two wires in the ca~~le. When set for instant-
aneous operatiuno the camera will continue to take pictures as long as the
contact is closedo and will stop taking pictures when the contact is open.
The sensor cannot derive the power necessary for its operation
from the camera cable. A separate cable must be used from the power pack
to run the sensor, if it requires an external power source for its operation.
The camera "shutter" switch is usually set on "automatic" for
sensor operatiorl~ and the low light level cut out device is used to conserve
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battery power anc3 film when there is insufficient illu~r.inatir acceptak~le
If the camera is to be sensor-operated for lengthy periods of
timed sufficient battery power and film for the required time rnust be provided.
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SECTION IV - THEORY OF OPERATION
4. 1 CAMERA:
The camera operations are performed by two L4 volt DG
gearhead motors. One motor rotates the shutter and drives the intermittent
film transport mechanism, while the other motor positions the shutter
blade to control the shutter slit widtj~ for the automatic exposure control
system.
The motors, gearing, shutter and photocell are located in
the head, which is fastened to the camera body by means of screws. It is
electrically connected to the body through a connector. (Fig. 6)
4. 1 ~ 1 . 1 Shutter and Drive Mechanism'
The shutter consist! of two blades rotating together at constant
speed, one blade adjustable with respect to the other. The angle of the
uncovered portion between the blades may be varied from 144 degrees to
1 degree 48 minutes. At a shutter speed of Z revolutions per second, this
is equivalent to shutter speed variation of from 1 /5 to 1 /400 second, (Figo 6)
4. 1. 1.2 Shutter-Setting Mechanism:
' The uncovered angle between the shutter blades may be set
either automatically or manually, The moveable shutter blade is geared,
through a spur gear differential to the drive motor. The uncovered angle
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between the blades may be adjusted by controlling the differential arm angle.
The cam which controls this angle is positioned during automatic operation
by the control motorp or manually by pressing in and turning the shutter knob
on the front of the camera. When the knob is depressedo the gear that driYes
the cam disengages from its mating gear and permits the cam to be adjusted
by means of the knob. (Figo 4)
?}~ 1. 1.3 Film Drive Mechanism: (Fig. 5)
The film in the magazine is driven through the side of the
camera by a protruding gear which meshes with a gear un the side of the
magazine. The camera gear is connected to a four slot genevao which is
rotated by a pin geared to the drive motor. The geneva transmits the inter-
mittent motion to the magazine, and the film is pulled past the aperture gate
during camera operation, The shutter and geneva are synchronized so that
during exposure the film is stationary It is transported past the film gate
only during the time that the shutter opening is not in front of the aperture.
4. 1. Z. 1 Drive Motor Controls (Cams and Switches):
In the manual operation mode power is applied to the drive
motor through the normally open contact of the hand switch (S1Z) in series
with the BORE & TIME CAIvI SWITCH. (See partial schematic Figure ~2
and Electrical Schematic.) In the automatic mode, the relay contacts of the
sensor replace the hand switch.
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Power is applied to the motor through the above paths from
the Of~ERATE BUSS. The motor is therefore energized only when the LOW
LIGHT LEVEL relay is not energized. The motor is dynamically braked
by shunting it with a 30 (UHM resistor through the END OF CYCLE CAIvi
SWITCH (S5) ur the BORE & TIME CAM SWITCH (S-~). The end of cycle
cam switch is also reaponsil,le for stopping the camera at the same point
in the cycle. The BORE AND TIME CAM SWITCH (S4) function is to
interrupt power and dynamically brake the camera motor halfway through
the camera cycle whenever the Time Bore & Inst. Switch is in the 'f ime Bure
position. This opens the shutter and allows for time exposures and bo e
sighting .
4. 10 ~. 2 :'lutomatic Exposure Guntrol:
The exposure control system is a closed loop servo system
cumpo~ed of aphoto-electric cell, photocell amplifier, density wedge and
drive motor. 'The photocell is part of a bridge circuit which yields a null
point when the light reaching the cell is at a particular level. A change in
the light level will cause the motor to be energized in one direction or the
other (depending on whether the light level has increased or decreased).
Since the density- wedge is actuated by the motort the light reaching the cell
will be increased ur decreased until the null point has been restored.
The density wedge is mechanically linked with the adjustable
blade of the shutter su that the shutter opening is a function of the light being
admitted into the calz~era.
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A~ shown on the electrical echematic~ power i~ applied
to the SHUTTER BLAllE SETTING motor only when the h'; .nNL`_'~L-:1,UTO~fATIG
switch is in the AUTOMATIC position. ~ti'hen the TIME-PORE INST. switch
in the hane~ control is in the INST. husition (for instantaneous shutter speeds)o
the motor is driven in the appropriate di rectiun until the photocell amplifier
output is zero
GR2 disconnect power from the motor just before the shutter blade reaches
the end of its travel, ~'Vhen either limit switch is openo its diode permits
power to be applied to the motor with opposite polarity only. This permits
the shutter to be driven in the opposite direction when a change in light level
reverses the polarity of the amplifier output.
When the TI1~~IE BORE INST. switch is in the TIME BORE
position, power is applied to the SHUTTER BLAIUE SETTING motor directly
from the OPErRATE I3US. The motor then rotates until limit switch S9 is
opened thus de -energizing the motor. In this positionp the shutter blade is
wide open.
The photo~~ell circuit is basically a variable voltage divider
circuit with the variable (photoc~:ll) resistance being determined by the light
level. Fur each ASA setting a different value of resistance is switched into
the photocell circuit so that the photocell amplifier control voltage re.nains
within the proper limits,
t'
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4. l..'_. 2. L Photocell ;'~cn~lifier:
The photocell amplifier accepts a flignal from the photocell
circuit