MESURES AGAINST RESISTANCE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-04864A000200030002-4
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 22
• Document Creation Date: November 11, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 14, 1998
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: June 8, 1951
• Content Type: REPORT

 EAST CHINA
Approved For Release 1999/09/01 DP78-04864A000200030002-4
Action
Tainan
Jan.-Oct,
550 bandits eliminated; many
(Shantung)
1950
weapons captured
Ckiang
Nov. 1950
More than 3,600 bandits wiped out;
E'." Kiangsu
28 Deco 1953
booty taken included 48 armored
vehicles
Eight leaders of Four Helen
Guerrilla Headquarters executed
Fast China
Shanghai
.angau)
Shanghai
"(Uiangeu)
Eargchow
(Chekiang)
East China
Aug.-Deco PLA units and 3rd Field Army wiped
1950 out 41,000 bandit remnants, Total
for 1950 now more than 90,000
4 Jan, 1951 Secret Agents required to register.,
all reactionary parties, groups,
ordered to disband
7 Jana Public security forces rounded up
large number of special agents in
factories
8 Jana Public Security Organs rounding up re-
actionary party members who refused to
register or misrepresented themselves.
23 secret agents, including member of
Nationalist Bureau of Investigation
and Statistics, rounded ups
10 Jatto More than 5,248 members of feudalistic
religious sects have registered.
Explanation
Carried out assassination,
spread rumors, looted and
carried out sabotage
With this action, "all bandit
elements in East China have
been basically eliminated."
Principle followed was., "All
major criminals shall be.
punished without exception;
followers shall be spared,
and meritorious rewarded.
Had been attempting to lower
morale, create difficulties
with unions
Nationalists Statistical
Bureau was terrorist organiza-
tion under Chiang Kai-shek
comparable to German Gestapo,
Ont of examples of
mention of guerrilla
ee ivity, very un-
common in. recent
months
One of several claims
that resistance action
has been ended in a
specific area,
This principle was die=
carded 20 Fab, with
formulation of "Regula-
tions for the Punishment
of Counterrevolutionaries"
Contrary to later reports
no obstruction of pro-
duction or sabotage was
implied,
'Reactionaries" who did
register were not automati-
cally pardoiedo Each case
was subsequently investi-
gated, fact which may have
occasioned general-resis-
tance to registration.
Movement against such sects
spread throughout China in
subsequent months.
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 Shanghai
(giangsu)
S i 11 Jan,
(Kiangsu)
Shanghai 18 Jan,
J'Xiangsu)
Wanking
(E!angsu)
23 Jan,
Fast China 23 Jan.
Shanghai 25 Jan,
(Hiangsu)
North Kiarngsu 1 Feb,
PAST CHINA
Appp For Release 1999/09/01 : CIA-R
Chou Teo wei sentenced to 5 years
imprisonment by People's Court,
Statistics from more than 32 districts
report that in first day of registra-
tion of reactionaries and special
agents more than 1500 completed regis-
tration.
Up to 17 Jan. more than 200 special
agents had registered.
Starting today all special agents
and reactionary parties and organi-
zations must register,
To date more than 20,500 reactionary
organization members and special
agents have registered. Also documents
and arms surrendered,-
Three spies shot.
Registration of reactionary and
special agent elements completed,
870 persona registered,
7B--00 64A000200030002-4
Had acted as correspondent
for Voice of America,
Had been engaged in counter-
revolutionary activity, were
former members of the i
Investigation and Statistics
Bureau,
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Remarks
This charge sparked the sub-
sequent virulent campaign vso
the vicious "r ering"
of VOA,
A week-elapsed between first
a no nt of registration
and report of results, (See
fifth item, P. 30)
Seems to contradict first
item this page but perhaps
spacial agents were considered
separately,
Movements generally are late
reaching Nanking. The city
has been slighted consis-
tently since return of the
capital to Peking.
It was characteristic,
according to the broadcast,
that during the early days
most registeees were reac-
tionaries, while later they
were nearly all special
agents,"
Said not to have appreciated
the "lenient policy of the
Goved ,"'one item.in the
change to ruthless suppression
which culminated in decree of
20- Feb.
"Each individual case is now
being considered and disposed
of," another indication that
registration did not ensure
clemency,
 BAST CHINA
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Nanking 1 Feb,
(Kiangsu)
Chekiang
_&rth
Kiangsu
Chekiang
Sbantung
North
Iiangsu
In 5 days since start of registra-
tion k,298 persons have registered,
3 Febe PLA units exterminated a coli of
bandits and killed bandit chief
Fang Sao-hou,
31 Jan = Registration was concluded in Soochow
10 Feb, and Changchow with 1,313 and 518
registrations respectively,
12 Feb, Notorious counterrevolutionary
element Chou Cho-hsing executed,
13 Feb, Great success in suppression of re-
actionary religious sects during last
year. More than 500 heads of sects
have been arrested and more than
100,,000 have withdrawn membership,
15 Feb, People's Court sentenced special
agents Chou Ian-shen and Liang Buo-
hue to death.
Shanghai 18 Feb,
(Kiangsu)
Military Control Commission sentenced
counterrevolutionaries Chang Wen-
haiang and Chang Chi-to to death,
East China 19 Feb, Since New Year's Day more than 10
columns of remnant bandits were
entirely or largely annihilated,
Notorious bandit chiefs were killed
or captured,
Tientsin
(Hopei)
21 Feb, 13 persons sentenced to death for
counterrevolutionary activity,
Remarks
Broadcast declares registeees
94are leading a new life
anf - persuading others
to em, '?
One or last mentions of
PLA units in operations
again resistance
elements.
Had condhnted counterrevolutionary
activity since 1922. Suppressed
peasants movement during revolution;
after liberation pretended to repent,
Had been carrying out activities
tending to "undermine the labor
movement, R
Guilty of refusal to register
and sabotage of registration
work,
Accused were secret agents,
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for tTie area. Implica-
tion is that campaign
has been on for a long
time,
One of earliest mentions
No more specific indication
of crime; may indicate
actual sabotage,
One of many indications of
a definite movement to
prevent registration.
Resistance is still
mentioned as in the
bands of large armed
groups,
One of early mentions of
espionage and resistance
activity in area. Later much
expanded with onus on U.S.
 Shanghai 21 Feb
(Kiangsu)
MST MRA
A d For Release 1999/09/01 CIA-RDR 4A000200030002-4
Public Security
Bureau smashed'Iaomutao
religious secta.Zhtire
gang of 18 bandits was
rounded up including
chief Chang Yu-Lin,
This sect, 'directed by
inerioan imperialists and
Chiang brigands, had a
20=y ear history Of
reactionarism.
Kiangsi 27 Feb. Nanchang Military
Control Commission will execute
10 bandit agents.
hekiang 1 Mar. During Feb. more than 1500 campaigns
were waged with following results:
4,140 bandits eliminated; commander
and 660 captured,
Peking 6 Mar. Workers reported that 50 care
(Hopei) manufactured i half year-'s time had
been. burned' to pedal agents.
Kiangsi
8 Mar. 12 counterrevolutionaries were sentenced
to death and executed.
Jiangsu 10 Mar, Public-Security Bureau of Foochow
Municipal Government seized -
247 secret'agents. Captured American-
made radio, pistols and ammunition.
Taingtao 10 Mar. Tsingtao People's Government issued
notice banning reactionary religious
sects including the Ikuantao,
Chiukungtao, and the,Hutuktu.
Had tried to ne
registration and peiaiated in
counterrevolutionary activity.
Remarks
Typical denunciation of
preliberaati t activity, One
of earliest linkinga of
religious groups with D.S.
espionage.
This is a TASS dispatch,
Peking itself seldom mentions
such specific indications of
sabotage. Correspondent said
hope was that new regulations
against counterrevolutionaries
would bring about clean sweep
of such counterrevolutionary.
elements.
Had refused to register and
prevented registration of others.
Step was taken to "protect
people's interests, maintain
social order, and save the
deceived masses."
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The Hutuktux.is a Buddhist
organizatiaa wwich has been
condemned vigorously since.
 Approved For Release 1999/ 4. RDP78-04864A000200030002-4
Area Dates
Actioxt
Shanghai 12 Mar,
People IsCourt imposed death Sentences
(giangsu)
on IehTing-chic and Too Lin-kuo,
Tsingtao 13 Mar.
Cadre meetings were held by Chinan and
(Shantung)
Foshan groups to repress reactionary and
feudalistic religious sects.
Nanking
13 Mar,
People's Court executed 29 counter-
(Biangsu)
revolutionaries,
Tientsin
15 Mar,
Tientsin People's Government has
(Hopei)
started searching for counterrevolu-
tionaries hiding in city, Three
agents in a flour mill were arrested.
Hangchow
15 Mar, .
10 special agents were executed outside
(Chekiang)
Wulin gate,
Shanghai
1926 Mar,
Shanghai military control authorities
(Kiangsu)
executed 91 bandits and special agents.
Taichow
21 Mar,
8 criminals of secret Peasant Self-
(Kiangsu)
Defense Army were executed,
Kangehow
late Mar,
People's Tribunals held trials to try
.(Chekiang)
and early
feudalist ruling cliques; bandits and
Apr.
despots were sentenced to death,
Remarks
Accused had assassinated
revolutionary martyr Hsu Chi-wei,
Indicative of transfer of
responsibility for suppression of
counterrevolutionaries to militia,
self-defense and vigilante groups.
BY this time there is almost no
mention of activities of PIA.
Accused had "carried out Action is presented as a drastic
robbery and murder which step called for under the new
caused unrest in the society "Regulations for the Punishment
and disturbed the tranquillity of Counterrevolutionaries,"
of the existing social order,"
Step is designed to "consols General indication of transfer
date revolutionary order and of resistance centers from rural
safeguard lives and property." areas to large cities,
Reasoning as presented
implies existence of
sabotage,
Accused had "organized armed explanation clearly a
forces to perpetrate-counter- euphemism for guerrilla activity,
revolutionary activities
after liberation,
Accused had "acted contrary Apparently a Nationalist force
to wishes of the people which continued guerrilla
before liberation," activity following end of large-
scale warfare,
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 Tientsin 31 Mar,
(Hopei)
Haugehow 4 Apr,
(Chekiang)
Kiangsi 8 Apr,
Tsingtao 12,,13 Apr,
(Shantung)
Nanking
(Kiangsu)
13 Apr,
angehow
15 Apr,
Hangehow 19 Apra
(Chekiang)
Hangchow 24 Apr;
Canton 25 Apr,
(Hvangtung)
North 7-27 Apr.
Hiangsu
FAST CHINA
Approved For Release 1999/09/01 CIA-RDP78-04864A000200030002-4
Action- 1anation
Military Control Commission executed
a number of counterrevolutionary
elements;
Remarks
Accused had uaeted against the
welfare of the people., delay3d
liberation, undermined revolutionary
work and suppressed d tic
activities,"
6 bandit agents were executed, All six had counterrevolutionary
histories.
8 notorious bandits were arrested, People's-Home guards cooper- No indication as to actual aid
ated with army in campaign in of PLA forces,
South Kiangai Province,
12 counterrevolutionaries were executed,
A batch of counterrevolutionary Theme elements had indulged in
elements were arrested, "sabotage activities contrary to
the interests of the people,"
More than 20 special agents of Chiang
Hai-shek?s clique were executed,
B
CO
Great success has been attained in
suppressing counterrevolutionaries,
Following public trial 11 counterrevolutionaries- Chekiang has been a focal point
were executed by the Military Control Commission, for resistance activities to
judge by the number of mentions,
People's Government has called on people Many elements have in- One of few mentions of sub-
to support regulations covering filtrated into the city and ver?sive activity in this city,
suppression of counterrevolutionary are engaged in desuctive
activity, work.
In these 20 days 700 counterrevolutionary
elements were captured,
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 Approved For Release 1999/ -RDP78=04864A000200030002-4
Area - Dates - Action
Hangehow 27 Apr; Militia in Chekiang military area
(Chekiang) eliminated 4,003 bandits on land and sea
in 3 months; over 1,390 surrendered; last
year over .36,000-were eliminated,
Hangchow 27 Apr, Nearly 1,600 counterrevolutionary
.(Chekiang) elements captured in one day,
worked for U.S. Secret Service. "
= carry out sabotage."
Tientsin 29 Apr, Military court executed a group of counter-
(Hopei) revolutionaries,
Nanking ' 29 Apr, A group of counterrevolutionaries was
(Kiangeu) executed by the Nanking Military Control
Commission,
.(Chekiang)
criminals and confiscated their property.
Anhwei mid4lar,. 58 counterrevolutionary elements were executed
to late during, that period,
Apr,
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Nanking 28 Apr. The Bureau of Public Safety arrested
(Kiangsu) 7 counterrevolutionaries,
lanation
Had hidden in schools and
factories to conduct their
conspiracies.
Arrestees had "lurked among
workers and staff members
of the water plant,"
Shanghai 28 Apr, A 'group of U,S,'.Chiang.special agents Some of accused had "dis-
(Hiangsu) was--arrested by Public security Bureau guiaed-themselves in
Eaigchow 29 Apr, Mess trials condemned 50 top revolutionary
Remarks..
One of few indications that
operations were conducted along
sea coast to cope with invasions
from the sea,
Chekiang, the center of
resistance activity and one of
first areas where actual
sabotage was admitted,
One of increasingly frequent
indications of attempted sabotage
in industrial urban installations;
a shift from 1950 reports of
bandit activity in rural areas.
Another of not infrequent
mentions of actual .
sabotage attempts in big
cities.
Chekiang, where more stringent
measures were first to be in-
troducedpis also among. first
to mention mass trials of coal-
demned.
One of few mentions of resistance
activity in this province which
is not in contact with coast or
non-Chinese territory,
0
0
At
 Approved For Release I 999/09/ 8 DP78-04864A000200030002-4
Dates Action Explanation Remarks
Chekiang late Apr, Over 50 counterrevolutionaries were
arrested in that period and 35
sentenced to death;.
Hargohow 1 ley 162 top counterrevolutionaries From area of most comment comes
(Chekiang) were executed on that one day, report of largest mass execution
so far.
Taingtao 5 .May Public Security organ arrested band of
(Shantung) counterrevolutionary elements
Siangai 5 Nay During past 14 months 3749000 bandits and One of areas where resistance
530 bandits leaders were eliminated, still seems to be centered in
rural areas-among large groups.
Wuhsi 10 lay A number of despots were sentenced to death
(Siangeu) and executed.
Shanghai 9 Nay Workers in factories after being warned
(giangsu) of dangers exposed hidden elements in plants
and factories,
Wuhsi 12913 My Suppression of counterrevolutionaries has
(Siangsu) become giant mass movement,
#Wuhai . 13 May 29000 attended meeting at,Hengfung Weaving
_(Hiangan) Mill on 13 y,_
Peking_ 23 May
(Hopei)
Continued indications of
industrial sabotage,
Broadcast indicated that
300 mass meetings were held to
disseminate theory of the
suppression of counterrevolution-
aries,
Judicial department of Military Control Commission Thee is generally less
bas completed trial and sentencing of 505 cases, material on resistance in the
221 were sentenced to death., 47.aentenced to death capital,
but-commuted,, 9 to life imprisonment and 209 for
various terms,
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0
0
N
 Ems' CHI'
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c,on lanation
Peking 20 May Mayor Pang Chen said there are still
(Hopei) many underground agents and spies in
Peking,
Peking 22 May In last 50 days more than 500 cases
(Hopei) have been prosecuted.
Peking 22 May Commissioner of Public Security of
(Hopei) Peking People's Government calls
for still more-fervent prosecution of
counterrevolutionaries.
Foochow 23 lay Entire Province has been basically
(Fukien) cleared of 'local bandits, and social
ordered is peaceful and secure.
Agents of the Investi-
gation and Statistics Bureau
and others have been trying
to advance "all-out guerrilla
warfare in the Communist
rear" and are trying to
organize the "East Hopei
Pacification Headquarters,"
Remarks
Mayor Peng is-the official who
delive ?ed denunciation of re-
sistance which preceded formulation
of 'egulations Concerning the
Punishment of Counterrevolutionard
iss" on 20 Feb, 1951,
The Commissioner patently
admitted that such elements were
infiltrating the city to commit
sabotago.
Another one of the provinces
where resistance seems to
have been centered in rural
areas and has not gathered
strength in the cities,
N ST CHIIPA (MdNCHMIA )
Northeast
27 Dec
30 bandits were apprehended and
1950
sentenced to death by public
security organization.
Mukden 2 May Public Security Bureau after long
(Fengtien) 1951 investigation arrested group of
American-backed agents,
The elements "believing Resistance activities in
American aggression in Manchuria arq concentrated
Korea had created conditions almost exclusively in the large
propitious for their acts" industrial cities,
had planned rebellion by
collecting intelligence
materials-and disseminating rumors,
These agents "were a serious ..Americans are usually the
threat to revolutionary order., sole instigators in Manchuria
production, and safety of where Chiang Kai-sheks in-
property," fluence was negligible under
the efficient Japanese control,
This is one of more frequent
indications of sabotage in recent
months,
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 Mukden 2 May
(Fengtien)
Mukden 5 May
(Fengtien)
Mukden 8 May
(Fengtien)
Tsitsihar 11 May
(Heilungkiang)
Mukden 12 May
(Fengtien)
Mukden l2 May
(Fengtien)
Northeast 13 May
China
NORTHEAST CHINA
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Arrest of counter-reyoluti riea in
Port Arthur and ,siren. received
warm support,
Explanation Remarks
Counterreyolutiona elements
are a relatively new development
in nchuriae with first mention
received much later than from
other Chinese areas.
23 agents of Chiang Kai-shek were executed.
15 counterreyolutionariea were executed
following trial in gunny sack factory,
A number of counterrevolutionary ariminaia
were arrested,
12 bandit agents were paraded before
an audience and accused. A batch of
counterrevolu.tio ries was executed.
A group of notorious counter-
revolutionaries vas executed.
No mention of specific aims,;
Chiang agents receive meager
mention in comment from Manchuria.
Another indication of sabotage
and summary trial.
Ito details of crime. One
few reports from areas other
than Mukden,
No details of crime. An
indication of the spread of
mesa trials to Manchuria.
More than one million persona
allegedly attended the accusation
meeting held in this connection.
The summary execution was "ire
response to popular demand,"
People throughout Northeast China cities included were.- Mukdenp
flocked to denunciation meetings, Chinchow, Chienan9 Changchun,
Port Arthur and Dairen.
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0
0
 Rtes
Sinkiang 4 Feb
Sinkiang 19 Feb,.
Tihwa 20 r,
(Sinkiang)
Lanchow 12 Apr,
(Shensi)
Sian 22 Apra
(Shensi)
Shensi 9 MAY
Sian 10 Nay
(Shensi)
NORTRWMt CAM'
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Action Explanation.:_
Remarks
Details of resistance in the
Northwest almost always are in
historical conteitap and concern
the alleged subversive activities
by of cK n and his superior.,
H. Paxton Hail, immediately prior
to the Communist "liberation,"
On cKiernan"s orders forced
Kazakh tribes to revolt in
1949e
Peanimbhan Jani n, agent of the He was a l zakk herds n,
American imperialists, was tried on conspired with Kuomintang-
.S
4 Feb, sentenced to death and shot military espionage organ-
the same day, zationo and then joined the
American organization headed
Douglas cKier n, former
U,S. vice consul at Tihwam
Tsaidam, in Tsinghai Province. 100 Janimkhen and acKie no
others taken with him. He later exoaped with
daoloboe into mountainous
areas between Kansu and
Tsinghai Province with rem-
nta of their followers., who
numbered about 200 persons.
WWuxsn (Osman), armed espionage agent He had Joined the AffierIcan This is the most notorious of
in the pay of the American imperialists, espionage organization in all the anti-Comm;anist native
was captured at Haitzu north of 1948 and worked with resistance leaders in Sinkiang.
12 ounterrevolutionaries were
sentenced to death.
Had tried to sabotage defection of
Kuomintang troops prior to surrender
to the Communists, Had subsequently
maintained liaison with Chiang Kai-
shek to organize and stage rebellions,
ng of arch criminals was executed, No details as to charge,
453 reactionary elements were denounced in an open meeting.
148 bandit secret agents arrested in The accused had been plotting to instigate
Yang and Hus Helens,
12 accused were sentenced to death
for counterrevolutionary activity.
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 CENTRAL-SOUTH O NA
A ed For Release..1.999/09101: G.IA-RD133 gAffi"000200030002-4 Remarks
Ceh al- Jan-Nov People?a Liberation Army HQ announced
South 1950 that in inclusive period 376,000
China bandits were eliminated9'including
389000 killed or voinded, 173,000
captured and 1619000 surrenderel,
Changsha July-Nov A certain unit of the People`a Liberation
(Hunan) 1950 Army in South Hunan eliminated more than
39200 bandits including 299 casualties
and more than 29900 captured,
Central- Nov, 1950 Units of Fourth Field Army of the PLA
South China exterminated more than 47,800 bandits in
November, 82 field pieces captured and
.5,0 48 rounds of ammunition,
Specific chargps'are seldom Those who surrendered included
stated, implication is that the C . rider in Chief of the
such groups were merely con- "Anti Co ist NEtio l
tinuing general resistance Salvation Second P3ute Army,
on guerrilla basis following Resistance generally throughout
collapse of Nationalist armies this area suggests guerrilla
lapactivity as an extension of the
civil war. Most resistance is in
rural areas and involves armed
forces,
Kwangsi Nov, 1950 Results obtained during month included.,
25,700 bandits killed or wounded, 36
field officers captured, 25 field officers
of Kwangsi guerrilla troops surrendered
to PLA,
Nuhen 1950 239000 bandits and 800 leaders were
(Hupeh) killed during year,
Hunan 1950 In year some 115,000 bandits have been
Bleared from province, some 469000 bandits
were killed, wounded or captured. including
4o major and minor'leaders, Much booty was taken,
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Results were obtained "through
resolute enforcement of dual
policy of leniency and H
suppression," (This policy
later abandoned with prom
mulgation of 'Regulations Con-
cerning Punishment of Counter-
Revolutionaries" on 20. Feb.)
Two things worth noting., They
are specifically called guerrilla
forces, and PIA units are credited
with accomplishment of feat.
Both these elements are largely
absent in present treatment-though
resistance in rural areas is still?
reported,
td
Broadcast declares that "after
continued military operations"
bandits in province have been
practically eliminated,
 Area
Dates
Ronan
1950
KIangsi.
1950
Hunan
Dec. 1950
Wuhan
1950
Central-
Dec. 1950
South
China
CEITRAL-SOUTH CHINA
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Action
IInits Of Provincial PIJ forces cleaned
up 14,000 organized and scattered bandits,
Horses.7 weapons and munitions captured,
In the year PLA units disposed of
73,700 bandits, including 8,000 killed
or wounded, 149000 captured, and 51,000
surrendered,
lanation
More than 9,800 bandits have been eliminated
including 2,700 killed and captured, in
southwest and northwest areas of the Province.
Mopping up operations through January 1951
resulted in elimination of 76,000 bandits,
including 1,630 killed or wounded, 35,4'0
t
cap
ured and 38,900 surrendered,
In mopping-up operations during month,
75,000 bandits were put out of action,
including g0 leaders killed', wounded
or captured, and 32,000 surrendered.
Booty included 70 field pieces,
65,000 rifles and telephone and other
equipment,
Results were obtained "through
the assistance of the broad
masses of the people," one
of few claims that the
population was aiding the
suppression,
Ewangsi 8-25 Jan In that period more than 580 bandits leaders
1951. were killed, wounded or captured, 8,8oo
were captured and 4,900 surrendered,
South Nova sc0, With advance of peace construction 16
Klangsu Jan, resistance units have been liquidated,
1950o.1951 327 persons captured and Machine guns and
other weapons taken,
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i?e~arks
"Soattered and "organized"
forces seems to indicate
C ist differentiation
between ranged and guerrilla
warfare, both of which apparently
,continued.
These results are said to have.
"practically liquidated the
Menace in this province."
1-4
en
These operations were usualljy
qualified as `mopping-up"
operations to imply that liquid-
ation is final stage in defeat
of Nationalists and not a
resistance that maintained its
own momentum and could be
expected to continue,
h the operations "peace
and order in the area has been
stabilized,"
 C L-SOI PH
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Action.
Explanation
Kwangsi
late Jan,
1951
4,000 bandits were eliminated in last
20 days of the month,
Central-
Jan, 1951
Militia in Kwangsi, Uupeh, Hunan, and
South
Kwa si carried out more than 1j20C
China
ape ati a and eliminated 10,000 local
Kwangsi
7 Jan,
1951
bandits, including 270 bandit chiefs,
In past two months, PIA bandit suppression
forces exterminated 33,600 bandits,
Kwangsi
3 Feb,,
Kwangsi
12 Feb,,
Since last December mopping-up has been
successful with over 11,000 bandits eliminated,
including the bandit chief of staff,
Remarks
Armed resistance in rural areas
lasted longer in angsi than
anywhere else. Str.here is
on large-scale armed rebellion
against PIA forces, Compare
this resistance in it China-
where concern was with "spies,"
reactionaries and subversive a.?
religious sects at this sa
time,
Suppression of bandits during winter .:Prior to October, "communications
brought resumption of sea and land lines of Southwest Kwangsi were
counicstions, and improvement of repeatedly destroyed," a fact
industry and business, which "almost brought communications
to a standstill,"
Central- 16 Feb Great success was achieved in Hunan-
South Kwangsi zechaan border area as result
China of combined efforts,
Approved For Release 1999/09/01 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200030002-4
Commander and deputy com-
mander of the Nationalist
"Anti -C ist National
Salvation Army" was reportedly
captured,
0
0
 Dates
Horan 19 Feb,
Kwangsi
Ronan
Nov. 1950
"
Feb,1951
4 tar,
Central-
12 Mr.
South
China
Central
12 Mar,
South
China
Kaifeng
31 M1ar,a
(Horan)
1 Apr,
Wuhan
12 Apr,
(Eupeh)
Approved For Release NOWMCOUVID P78-04864A000200030002-4
Action A1x lunation
Many weapons were discovered as a result
of information provided by bandits and
gangsters who decided to reform,
160,000 guerrillas were eliminated in that
three-month period.
Kaifeng People's Government executedfi All
four special agents who declined to murderu and incltosato
register, riots also had collaborated
..with the Kuomintang.
Central-South People's Government announced
that 23,000 bandits in Eunan9 Eonan9 Kwangsi
and Hupeh had been annihilated in
months, including 600 leaders, past ? few
During the month 309000 bandits were.killed-
or captured in bandit-suppression campaign,
11 counterrevolutionaries were sentenced
to death,
Two arch criminals, fathers of Catholic churches
who collaborated with espionage agents to state
rebellions, have been arrested,
Kaifeng 21 Apr, A group of counterrevolutionaries 13hey were charged with under
Eonan) were executed ifeug, mining revolutionary activity,
disseminating vicious rumors,
and organizing armed forces
detrimental to peasant
organizations.
Approved For Release 1999/09/01 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200030002-4
Decision to surrender came when
the bandits "heard an ex-
planation of the governmental
policies," (Such leniency was
eliminated 20 Feb.)
Change in attitude is exemplified
in declaration that executions
were meant, to portray policy of
"severely suppressing counter
?
revolutionary activities."
large-scale resistance
generally lasted much longer
in Central-South area than
in East.
N
One o?f\lrly reports of sub-
versive I activity among
religious groups in this
area, Campaign was already
in fu11 swing in Fast China.
In subsequent broadcasts
there are virtually no reports
of large-scale bandit activity
in the area, Mnpsia here too
is now on urban resistance.
0
0
 Kwangsi
9y
Wuchang
(Eupeh)
9,149Y
Rankov
(upeh)
13 May
Kwangsi
22 May
Approved For Releast 0 : fih%RDP78,04864AO00200030002-4
Action 1txplanation,
With exception of 9 remote border haiens,
all bandit groups have been eliminated
from all 103 haiens of Kvangsi Province
and 4 haiens in Chinglien subdistrict of
Pwangtung,
30 members of the Yingtai subversive organization
were sentenced to death,
Workers of Wuhan Household. Transportation
Workers Union, off Cotton Mills, paper
factories, leather workers, soap factories
reported counterrevolutionary elements
concealed in factories.
Bandit-suppression units 'have recently This is said. to have marked
wiped out 10,000 bandit, elimination of organized
resistance in entire province,
Approved For Release 1999/09/01 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200030002-4
Remarks
The report said some members
were released after "rein-
doctrination," one of few-
instances of such leniency
following change in policy,
implicit admission of sabotage
and guerrilla activity in
factories and other industrial
urban establishments,
Kwangsi is last province
in area to claim elimination CC)
of resistance on large scale,
People's Liberation Army is
no longer mentioned,
 OUTHW:sT CHINA
Area Dates A d For Release 1999/09/01 CIA-RD A000200030002-4
Kweiyang 18'Deco Tee Cher-., a secret agent was sentenced The sassed was sentenced
(Szechwan) 1950 to deaths to death at the people9s
Bast
24 Deco
Szechwan
1950
Kunming
27 Deco
(Yunnan)
1950
Southwest
China
1950
Yunnan
Jane 1951
request following a trial
attended by 3,000 govern-
ment-workers,
Special Agent Chu, Shih-chang was Chu was specifically
executed for counterrevolutionary charged with dies?minati
activitiesa rumors manuf'actured' by
VOICE CF ANMICA
Kunming mild ry commission has enforced.
lenient policy in dealings with special
EMT agents., and bandit remnants, for most
part., have registered.
Military Headquarters suppression Actions are heated merely as
results for 1950 55d ,863 routed extensions of war against. the
in whole area; 49,462 killed and Nationalists, No specific
180 000 captured; 329.,310 surrendered, differentiation of resistance
49629 bandits were killed In various actions;
153 anti-Communists troops were killed during
battles- on Yunnan-Kweichow border.
Chungking 19 Febo Li Shih-yuan9 a notorious Kuomintang
(Szechwan) secret agent., was executedp
Chungking 3 Nara Twenty convicted counterrevolutionaries
(Szechwan)
Li was charged with the
assassination of the leaders
of the China Peasants and
Workers Democratic Party
prior to-the "liberation,"
Remarks
Mass trials were co on in
in the Southwest as early
as mid 1950
The anti-VOA c;ampalgn was
expanded two weeks later in
Shanghai with the arrest
of Chou Tsomeia
Collateral broadcasts reported
that despite leniency, some
elements had "defiantly re-
fused to register" and con-
tinued activities.
This is consistent with the
practice since intensified of
seeking out those guilty of
"crimes against the people"
during the Nationalist regime,
a means of "implementin
policy of punishing principal
criminals and acquitting mere
accomplices,
ary elements in accordance with the
legulationa Concerning the Punish-
ment of Counterrevolutionaries,"
ecution was carried out as
g
strictly the policy of
punishing the principal
notorious criminals and
suppressing counterrevolution-
Approved For Release 1999/09/01 : CIA-RDP78-04864AO00200030002-4
0
0
 SUtfl'I W T CHIl1A
Chungking 6Mar,
(Szechwan)
d For Release 1999/09/01 CIA-RDI! 000200030002-4
Provo t marshal?s office has executed
nine secret agents,
Chungking 11 Mar, The Chungking Peoplela Government
(Szechwan) executed two arch counterrevolution-
aries,
Re
The accused had allegedly been in
reactionary intelligence organizations
since 1933, and. had. betrayed the
revolution in selling out c des."
The accused had "recently One of the few alai con=
wreaked into Chungking from cerring the entry of espionage
Taiwa
t
d
n
o con
uct subversive or sabotage elements into
activities," China since the "liberation,"
Chungking ll Mar, Chungking People?s Court sentenced Raiung, one of the ace d, was
(Szechwan) group of counterrevolutionary a high-ranking intelligence officer
elements to death, of Chang Kai-shek. They reportedly
looted machinery and other property
of the Chinese 'Communist Party and
the New China Rena Agency in Chungking.
Chungking 12 ', Public security bureau rounded up 57 The prisoners had. "collabo Reports of the activities
(Szechwan) bandits belonging to the Ikuantao rated with the Japanese of the Ik ntao have been
reactionary religious group, during the Sino-Japanese war, received from all areas
and then joined the Kuomintang of Chinas
regime, and conducted sub-
versive activities following
the liberation of Szechwan,"
Kunming 14 ,mar, The Kunming Military Control Com- The accused had been given a chance
(Yunnan) mission executed 1Q counterrevolution- to reform but continued their armed
arias who were devoted lackeys of plot to foment disorder.
Chiang and the imperialists.
Chungking 18 M,r, The Chungking Peoplegs G
t
overnmen
issued,
Szechwan` + The movement against such
a nod e
rd
h
d
o
er.ng t
e
issolution of all sects which originated in
reactionary religious sects and the sus- East China early in 1951
pension of their activities, had now spread to all part
Chengtu 22 Mar, The Public Secaarity Bureau arrested a group of China,
Szechwan ( ) of counterrevolutionaries who bad been
engaging in activities detrimental to the
people's interests,
0
0
Approved Fork-Tease 1999/09/01 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200030002-4
 S0TIPHWEST CHM
AUjp Q d For Release. 1999109/01.: CIA-RD
Pweichov-
23 Mar.
Almost 1200 members ofthe Ikuantao sect
Szechwan
registered, and thousands were arrested
by the Xveichow Provincial Government,
Chengtu 27 Meru
(Szechwan)
Chungking-. 29 Mar,
(Szechwan)
Kunming Dec. 1950-
(Yunnan) mar,
1951
Chungking 18 fro
(Szechwan)
Szechwan 24 Mar.
Chungking Mar.
(Szechwan)
Kansu 7 Apr,
3,700 were arrested by the North Szechwan
People's Administration.
Up to that date, the Chengtu Police-
Headquarters had arrested 1.,200 Kuomintang
counterrevolutionary elements and spies,
128 agents have been captured in Chungking
city since the anti-espionage campaign began.
In these four months 26 bandit leaders were
were captured andnine killed.
During period from Mar. 19 to Apr. 30 all
reactionary parties and organizations
must register,
000200030002-4 Remarks
The list of those called
on to register included,
"Kuomintang members,
tu bers of the SAx MIN CHU
youth corps, the China
Democratic'Social Party
and others,"
344 members of the counterrevolutionary
Chinese and. American Cooperative Association
were arrested,
During the month 1,000 counterrevolutionary
elements., Ikuantao sect elements and bandit
leaders were arrested.
2,117 persons were killed or injured by Among the national minorities,
bandits and special agents, the Tibetans especially be-
came; more powerful as a result
of the policy of leniency.
A patent admission that
resistance was rampant
among all the liberal
elements still remaining
apart from the Peking
regime.
One of the very infrequent
condemnations of the Tibetans.
Approved For Release 1999/09/01 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200030002-4
 SOUTHWIST CHINA
Approved For Release 1999/09/01 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200030002-4
Chungking
15 Apra
(Szechwan
..:',
Southwest
China
24 Apr,
Over 30-6 bandits, secret agents and
religious despots were rounded up,
During past three months 3,875
bandits have been arrested and killei
including 30 in Sikang, 311 in Yunnan,
4+0 in East Szechwan, 307 in Kweichow,
30 in South Szechwan, and 25 in Worth
Szechwan,
Lnetion
Remarks
Most of the important leaders have
been arrested and the back off the
resistance movement has been broken,
Szechwan 11 y In Kuan County 60 bandits surrendered;
almost 5,200 Ikuanta o elements have given
up their membership and surrendered.
Ohrngking 16 Nay EXpsnsion of anti-agent Movement in
(Szechwan) Chungking"s 101st Steel Factory has
reduced stoppages and reproved pro-
duction; stoppages in march were
70 percent below February.
One of most blatant aisaions
of sabotage. Broadcast adds
that "250 of the stoppages
of the past year were caused
by agents," an indication
of the extent of active
obstructionism.
Chiang youth corps members, Also
agents caused a fire in factory
when explosives were placed in
the furnace,
"In the past due to the
sabotage of agents, the steel=
rolling workshop could never
turn out enough steel, Now
there is a surplus," Stop-
pages were also caused by
agents,. 2 generators broke
down as result of work of
Approved For Release 1999/09/01 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200030002-4
0
0
I1
VTI