INDICATIONS OF DOMESTIC DIFFICULTIES

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CIA-RDP78-04864A000200040008-7
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RIPPUB
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C
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8
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November 17, 2016
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August 5, 1998
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8
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Publication Date: 
July 15, 1951
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REPORT
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~`& roved Fo ~g ~; ~Q,QO mrl At 20004000817 6c COUNTRY USSR SATELLITES SUBJECT thdicationns of Domestic. Difficulties HOW PUBLISHED WHERE PUBLISHED DATE PUBLISHED LANGUAGE THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE OF THE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE MEANING OF ESPIONAGE ACT SO U. S. C.. 31 AND 32, AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR THE REVELATION OF ITS CONTENTS IN ANY MANNER TO AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS PRO' HIBITED BY LAW. REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROHIBITED. SOURCE REPORT NO DATE DIST. A- 1951 NO. OF PAGES 8 SUPPLEMENT TO REPORT NO. THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION ?P'W Report No a 7 - USSR and Satellites ,. ZQ July.1951 FAIRS P WAdi o tal s PRAVDA continues to complain about the slow mec niza Lion of industry and agriculture and about i adequate di ss irmation of the experience of Innovators and of advanced work methods. It also stresses the poor uxtilizatlon of now machinery, and the resulting large.-scale use of manual. labor, The I July editorial does not single out any particular plant but speaks of the technical departments of the ministries in general. The teshnica1 d Earetments of the ministries still apply inadequately then , me thoide of work which have been evolved a fence And adra treed e perience 000 A number of enterprises ap r c the study and application of xtakhanovite experience as a temporary campaign., Having taken 1e first steps, they stop short, atiafied w th what they have do t The 1.4 Tuly editorial citee' the ?9 y First' works of the Ministry of Agricultural Machine Building Industry as one of the plants where new machinery is not working at full capacity. The main cause of the lagging behind of the "May First" works is had utilization of the highly productive equipment 0 A ' of their production, make a long journey wi`tnin `Tine works .nu return two or three tines to the same lathe0 . labor is being used an a large scale. Spare parts, in the process ck rd. technology is being applied in the. works, and manual wt ion standard is also said to be weak in the Donets coal 17 dupes Itio losses to the state," d_ o ; :~~?ti . n it a' t e d spoils ge of goods are attributed to the various organizations under the Minsist'r ed of Building Materials and Fishing Industries (6 July) R Poor production' quality is also admitted, ,nd deplored, in a letter to Stalin f ?om the industry and t nspo'rt workers of Mos' w City and Oblast (15 July). The Lipetsk Radiator Works, Sukremlensky Foundry and Kharkov Steel Platte Works are accused of delivering STATE ARMY Ix SECURITY INFORMAT E OF 1 June INFORMATION 15 July 1951 FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO. CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY INFORMATION FROM CLASSIFICATION K I Approved For Release 2000/08/29 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200040008-7 Approved For Release 2000/08/29: CIA-RDg J4 T CONFIDENTIAL 2 defective goods to the construction sites despite the fact that the Ministry of Building Materials had already been rebuked for lagging behind the growing requirements of the enterprises are reminded of the large production losses sustained last year duesto_the low quality of the products, and are told that their performance has not been greatly improved; In several enterprises of the Volga-Caspian Trust, for instance, there were cases of fish being allowed to spoil, and of the production of poor-quality prod- ee (6 July ) Strict observance of Partr and state di and the proper selection of qualified cadres are suggested as-the best remedy for ,ch mismanagement in industry. The Orel and South Kazakhstan Oblast Party committees are also subjected to sharp editorial criticism for dereliction of duty, particularly in the matter of Party and state discipline and the selection of qualified cadres., or in other words, the appointment of the wrong people to' the wrong posts, The Orel Oblast Party and Executive committees are said to have failed in their executive training program. The case of the South Kazakhstan Oblast authorities-restraining criticism of short- comings--is considered as each more serious. When the oblast newspaper PRAVDA 5 ZHNOCO KA -AJ T A criticized the incorrect methods of work.of one of the secretaries of the district coiittee,, the secretary of the Oblast Party Committee,. Yevrepesov, summoned the editor of the newspaper and warned the newspaper not to dare criticize the local ,executive workers. (4 July) Fake reports, nepotism and a variety of illegal activities on the part of plant managers are mentioned in the PRAVDA editorial of 4 July, As a warning to the unnamed executives who may still be speculating in raw materials or otherwise violating the economic regulations as defined by the verrdment, the editorial cites the ;case of Kiev factory director Sostyants who was recently relieved of his duties and expelled from the Party I ..,because he hid the amount of surplus me tee from the organs of state accountings allowed exaggerations in th, report on production, carried out illegal speculative machinations with raw materials,,,surrounded himself with *yes menneo and introduced nepotism in the factory,. The two PRAVDA editorials (8 and 9 July) devoted to the A~ i.a?t a celebrations emphasize both the strength of the Soviet Air Force and its peaceful pursuits. The might of the Soviet Air Force is repeatedly referred to in such passages as "the best air force in the world;,' "first rate air force" and "first rate planes," Thin applause is also extended to the peaceful exploits of the air forced in respect to-., the use of aircraft in the national economy,.. The Soviet Unlon. occupies the first place In the world the Soviet people exploit their aviation to a great extent for peaceful constructions ?at the great construction sites of Communism.... (8 July) Apart from the familiar glorification of the Soviet Air Force and its performance in the last war, PRAVDA also claims undisputed Soviet leadership in aeronautical science , in general- ,,,by their discoveries and.invention.s (the Soviet scientists) have shown mankind the way of development of aviation. Stalixn& s falcons (Stalinnekie sokolip an affectionate reference to Soviet pilots) a,..1 having the.,ppor^t of the beat aviation scienceq have begun to fly farther,. faster and higher than anyone, (8 July) The Ministry of Higher o and the Academy of e ces of the USSR are reminded in so many words that: a the training of young scientists is unsatisfactory, and b) science and politics are inseparable. This reminder is directed to the scientific institutes of the Tatar ,. . Uzbek, Lithuanian and Armenian Republics where insufficient attention is paid to the selection of qualified scientific directors for the trainees. CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENT Approved For Release 2000/08/29 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200040008-7 'Approved For Release 2000/08/29 C.IA-RDP78-04864A000608-7 CONFIDENTIAL The latter, as a result, are left very much to their own devices., often committing such ideological errors as bourgeois, objectivism. The Scientific Council of the Institute of History of the Soviet Academy of Sciences accepted the doctor's thesis of Kinderfarbe on the social philosophy of-Charles Fourier and its place in the history of socialist thought", On closer study of this work it was found that it had been written from the position of bourgeois objectivism, (10 July) The higher institutions of leaning are mace more uncritical spirit., simplification and vulgarization.. Serious flaws in the development of xiew xaower sources are dealt with in the PRAVDA editorial of 12 July, which asserts that this branch of industry is lagging behind the terms set by the plan. Inadequate socialist competition among the power workers and insufficient attention to technological improvement and stakhanovite work methods are given as some of the reasons. Another;; is the familiar lack of supervision on The flurry precipitated by the unsigned PRAVDA article (2 July, not broadcast) exposing nationalist tendencies in Ukrainian art and literature reveals that Sosyura"s poem, "Love the Ukraine" (Lyubi Ukrainu&), was merely a convenient peg on which to hang a blanket accusation of the Ukrainian Union of Soviet Writers,, As indicated previously, ,the first hint of deviations in Ukrainian literature was contained in the PRAVDA editorial of 15 June, which stated bluntly that the modern industrial Ukraine was badly depicted in the novels, stories and plays of today. The significance of the recent PRAVDA outbursts against the Ukrainian intelligentsia may be seen in the vast inflow of material from every part of the Ukraine approving the papers justified criticism? Also significant is the resolution adopted by the Central Committee of the Ukrainian Communist Party (Home Service,. 13 July) saying that., the PRAVDA criticism "is recognized as justified and well-timed Bolshevik criticism of the serious defects and. mistakes in the field of ideological work in the Ukraine," The first admission of guilt comes from BOLSHEVITSKOYE ZNAMYA (Odessa, 6 July) which blames the oblast Party organizations for their failure in the political and ideological education of the intelligentsia, and points to the weak spots in the work of the Odessa section of the Union of. Soviet Writers; The absence of true criticism and self-criticism among the writers as well as inadequate self-demand are sometimes conducive.to over-praising works of art which are very wear from an ideological and artistic point of view* (Russian version: otsutstvie nastoyaschei kritiki i samo kritiki sredi pisatelei I siabaya trebovatelnost privodit k tomu, chto inogda zakhvalivayutsia proizvedenia sovershenno slabie v ideinom i khudozhestvennorn otnosheniL) The R 'A editorial of 7 July said that Sosyua?a"s poem was so bad from a ide l i n o og cal Point, of view that it might have been signed by "any enemy of the Ukrainian people from the nationalist camp" but;, like all the other papers, it made no reference to the contents of the poem, Another instance of what might be interpreted as Ukrainian nationalism is the opera "Bogdan Khmelnitsky" which, according to PRAVDA, "tolerates deviation from historical truth," (Bogdan Khmelnitsky was a Ukrainian-nationalist leader who led the revolt against Poland for Ukrainian independence in the middle of the 19th century,) RADYANSKA UKRAINA is the most vociferous of the leading Ukrainian papers in its criticism and self-criticism. related to ideological blunders in Ukrainian literature, In addition to charging all the Communist editors and publishers with "an atrophy of political awareness," the paper criticizes itself, as well as PRAVDA UKRAINY, for having failed to criticize t ideologically harmful verse of Sosyara"s "Love the Ukraine!" The paper even goes so far as to hint that the Central Committee of the Ukrainian Communist Party, its publisher, is. not entirely blameless in this respect: CONFIDENTIAL Approved For Release 2000/08/29 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200040008-7 Approved For Release 2000/08/29: CIA-RDP78 04S64A' O a8U-'4! CONFIDENTIAL - _4_ This paper (RADYANSKA UKRAINA) failed to assist the Central Committee of the Ukrainian Communist Party in exposing in time the ideological perversions in literature and art... and the verse (Sosy.ra's poem) was frequently published. (Kiev, 13 July) The belated Ukrainian press attack has now also been extended to the works of Rylsky, Pervomaisky and Voskrykatenko, whose poem "Oh, Ukraine, My Native Land!" is said to be particularly offensive since it digresses "from the true visage of the socialist reality of the Soviet Ukraine....devoid of ideas and bereft of the feeling of Soviet patriotism.,' Other Ukrainian press comment: RADYANSKE SLOVO, Drogobych, 11 July: A.' serious situation also exists in the work of our Oblast press, especially that of RADYANSKE SLOVO. The editorial staff has omitted the critical article of the Moscow PRAVDA. PRAVDA UKRA.INY, Kiev, 10 July: It is indispensable...to root out to the end any manifestations of bourgeois nationalism and all signs of bourgeois ideology. KIROVOGRAUSKAYA PRAVDA,, 13 July: The oblast cinema service is criticized for bad work ...one library is attacked for recommending to its readers books with old and bourgeois ideas. From Stalino, 11 July: .Bolshevik criticism by the paper PRAVDA concerning the serious shortcomings and mistakes of ideological work in the Ukraine apply fully to the Stalino Oblast Party organization, From Rovno, 12 July: ,..Shortcomings in Party political and ideological education in the Ukraine, especially among the intelligentsia ...also cropped up in the work of the Rovno Town Ccfunist organization. Criticism of Azerbaijani literature, recently discovered to be blundering ideologically, is comparatively mild, the only reference to it appears in the PRAVDA editorial of 7 July which credits the Central Committee of the Azerbaijan Communist Party with uncovering the sins of the Writers Associations and. taking appropriate measures to raise the ideological level of literature. Shortcomings Agriccul ure; The Stalingrad and Rostov oblasts, frequently referred to as slow-progress' industrial areas, come in for some official criticism of their agricultural efforts by STALINGRA)SKAYA PRAVDA which lists four rayons in which the performance of workers and machinery in the farm fields far below the mark. In Perelazovsky Rayon harvesting equipment is said to be lying idle through lack of lubricants. Leaders of Kotelnikovaky rayon pay little attention to the organization of harvest work, and much time is wasted in Balikieieky Rayon in removing the grain. Serious shortcomings are also said to exist the Dubovka Rayon where neither personnel nor equipment ha '..been properly 'organized for the harvesting campaign, and, what is worse, where political work has'been badly organized. The paper particularly deplores the inefficient utilization of combine harvesters, whose average daily' productivity never exceeds 10 hectares, and suggests that poor organization may be the cause: It is essential to change this abnormal situation and to insure that every combine harvester work according to an hourly schedule (because) shortcomings are often caused by the bad organization of field work.: (3 July) CONFIDENTIAL Approved For Release 2000/08/29 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200040008-7 Approved For Release 2000/08/29: CIA-RDP78-0_4 4A000200U D@M~ CONFIDENTIAL C U i I D E'N (. The Rostov MOLOO assails, agricultural officials of the Romanovsky Rayon, where thousands of poods of unoleaned .grain are lying in heaps and where deliveries to the State are not made., Rayon P z ty secretary K a.rochkln,:. who visited those places, is sev4rely reprimanded for not 'repns ing the disgraceful affair and for not doing about hing it a The Martynova3kX,. tepnov Za reminded of the. r' l:ar a yr padnyo Egorlyka3ky and Mechetinsk rayons are failure to do y g e atities of . grain they have accumulated and of- their aytrlag abotut daliver.ng ,the grain to the State. (5 July) RADYANSKA UKRAINA specks of the diadainfui and oriaznixaaal&a attitude on the part of the Cteaiichevsky- Rayon leader a (Khg f Oblast) toward the utilization of machines: "Eleven combines are , still. not in~ In some rayons of Odessa Oblast all mB9 combines and machines, aa'e, ndt:used to fall capacity., and some combines, are idle for lone periods_ (7 7ul ) y A KAZAK$STAISKAYA PRAVDA editorial calls'attention to the especially alarming situation h - _~ _ _ in the construction of 1 i vestnMr @helt i er t e By July 1, only 6a7 percent offthe wn"I l t _ p a or wheep banns had been fulfilled, and the construct an avow barns i gg, behind Oven more, Six thousand building workers are necessary" to fulfill the plano .. only (one) thousand . are employed, (7 July) A letter to Stalin from the agticu.ltural workers of the Tatar ASSR reveals that the Republic as a whole is behind plan 'in both harvesting and stockbreeding: We cannot forget that our Republic is still seriously behindhaand n agri cult re pa ?ticul arly .as regards the harvest yield oaf' crops and the -productivity of Communal stockbreeding....; Among other lolities reporting agricultural shortcomings are Creel (low milk production).. Bryansls. (ifadequate ' repairs of sorting machines d i a w nnowers) Kirovograd (machines are idle through lack of ,service p sohnel), Kiev (low harvest of the Polesye ko1khozes ).. Voroehilov yields ou most Odessa d (,tre~aely low combine and tractor output),; (great -l:ossesg. slow a a mechanization and idle machinery) and Dnepropetrovsk (inefficient utIl i o7,j;+ R o n of ~ h eery) housing; The St a2 cad Ob st also leads the others in poor housing construction, and STALINCRAi?SKAYA JPR ~A notes that the, situation is serially alarming*. ;s farming The main housing construction 'trusts of the. oblast (Staali yq Glavstali.ngradstray and Zhilaatro ~~dstro y), says the paper, still: lag behind their production plans from month to month, and some of them. nett only. fail to raise the tempo of work - they even lower it. Kirovsky Rayon, where eo ieariy all the-buildings which have been put into operation have recaz unsatiafaucs eived tor appraisal,, a, is cited as the worst example with the warning that "this situation . cezmot be. tolerated any longer...." According to, RAD(CHIY PST (Srolen k...1l July) , there is an element of sabotage involved in the lagging housing. coast ction of.,the 'Oblast4 Charging that the construction of communal housing is far, b ind schedule, the paper asserts that the Smolensk City Construction Assembly,Adaaainistrat.ion, . the Repair onstruction Bureau and the (Utyaginsky) . Construction Trust are . ssytematically - dis pting the fulfillment of the program; The machinery . on many constr uctioh sites i s standing idle, says the paper because of the lack of.e erieneed. worker4 ; and ' ~ pex?3enced workers are lacking because of the poor organization of labor and technical training, SoVIErAXAN HAYASDAN'comnlai-aa that const i _ " ~; on p ~ ova the first five months of this year, but it does not name. any. of the orgaanizatio (Yerevan d 1-61 y xss nor their location in Armenia Party ctiyitii A warning that the Kazakh Republican Komsomol organization must mend its ideological ways is' sounded by KCICIvIOLSKAYA PRAVDA on 10 July, the day the Kazkhstan ;Komsomol convened for its fifth conference, Taking its cue from this warning, KAZAKHSTANSKAYA PRAVDA criticizes the Central Committee of the Kazakh Komsomol organization for "remaining aloof from the solution of the urgent problems of ideological work among the youth," and reminds it that not a single. lecture for young workers has been prepared by the lecture section of` the Central Committee this year. A poor CONFIDENTIAL Approved' For Release 2000/08/29 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200040008-7 Approved For Release 2000/08/29 CIA-RDP78-04864A00020v Q6&9-7 c6m.MM H T!A lecturing. organization., however, is not usually a grave enough misdemeanor to can for the censure of the Central Komsomol Committee. The actual reason behind the paper's attack may be inferred from its suggested remedy: The}somol committees mist mobilize their forces in the strug le against the bourgeois nationalist distortions in questions dealing with the history of Kazakhstan which were revealed in PRAVDA. (14 July) Science and Invention. Medicine.- Among the new medicines reported to have been produced by the All-Union Qrdjonikidze) Scientific and Research Chemical and Pharmaceutical Institute are Fenagon and Feratizin0 The first is used to reduce pain in cases of kidney colics, internal ulcers, neurelgiap and also. after operations.? The other, a vegetable alkaloid, is intended to reduce high blood pressure. Both remedies are now being produced on a large scale. (in Russian, 4 July) The Bordenko Prize for successful experiments which may lead to the solution of the longevity problem has been awarded to scientist Denikhov who successfully transplanted a second heart into the thorax of a dog, (in.English, 2 July) One of the new Soviet-developed methods of treating hypertension and injuries to the central nervous system, according to Abrosov, is the introduction of a branal compound into the organic Pith the aid of direct current. (TASS, 4 duly) The sleep care method, credited to Pavlov, is now said to be applied successfully in cases of stomach and duodenal ulcers as well as during child birth. (Home Service, 5 July) AvJ&t3S'a: Reiterating the familiar Soviet claim to every invention in aeronautical science, including the science itself, Academician Yuriev lists as the present outstanding Soviet airplane designers Polikarpov9 Petliakov, Il .shin, Yakovlev and Lavoehkin. Designer Tupolev, whose planes usually bear his initials TU, is not mentioned. (Home service.,, 6July) The Satellite radios are sparing in their discussions of internal affairs and stereotyped, although somewhat more vehementp in their attacks on Yugoslavia. The anniversary of the death of Georgi Dimitrov occasions Satellite-Belgrade exchanges in which each side claims him as its friend. There are charges and counter-charges concerning treatment of minority groups land there are increasing Satellite references to resistance within Y'ugoslavi Q Belgrade, on the other hand, reports 'internal problems in broadcasts to the various Satellite countries. an - erss v of IDimitrovt s Death Radio Moscow makes only passing reference to Yugoslavia in comment on the death anniversary and merely says that he "undressed the criminal designs of the American imperialists and of their Titoite lackeys against the Bulgarian nation.,.." (25 June but nowhere is there any mention of the reportedly cordial Tito-Dimitrov relationship Accusing the USSR of murdering Dimitrov, Belgrade claims that he approved Tito's stand against Caminform controls Later Dimitrov....supported the point of view of the Yugoslav Communist Party (against the Cominform resolution) and declared to Comrade Djilas in the presence of another member of the Bulgarian Communist Party. 'Stand firmIll (in Bulgarian, 18 June) Georgi Dimitrov was eliminated lest in the course of time he opposes the hegemonistic policy of the Soviet rulers. ... Since 1949, 13 members of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Workers Party, mostly Georgi Dirnitrov' a close associates, have been removed. (2 July) The Bulgarian .OTECI TVEN FRONT rejects Yugoslavia's claim to Dimitrov's friendship: In their dirty attempts they (the Titoites) invented lies... about an allegedly benevolent attitude of Dimitrov toward the Titoites, It is well known that Dimitrov... took a clear stand toward the betrayal of the Titoites. TA CONFIDENTIAL Approved For Release 2000/08/29 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200040008-7 Approved For Release 2000/08/29 : CIA-RDP78-04864A00020 0 -7 ALNFIDENTIAL _7 - NAPPM's reference to the dispute over Dimitrov's attitude is phrased to suggest that the matterhas long been settled and is therefore not even subject to discussion. With unheard of cynicism the Titoites represent themselves as the alleged friends and followers of Dimitrov Q.. The Titoites, Dimitrov's enemies during his life? cannot be his friends after his death. (2 July) Bucharest comment on domestic affairs is fragmentary. There is practically no material dealing with industrial progress., and the only reference to agriculture is contained in a SCANTEIA editorial which alludes to collectivization setbacks and blames the class enemy for unspecified failures There are...both State and collective farms which Such not set a good example to the other farmers.... Seucnts practices must stop because millions of working peasants match the collective farms eagerly awaiting to see what results they achieved and to decide, influenced by these results, ? whether they should join collective farms themselves.. (4 July) From Belgrade comes the report that ,,,in Rumania,.the Soviet government had not contributed its statutory share of capital to the Soviet-Rumanian Oil company (Sovrom), 50 percent., out of its own means, but used German assets in nia,. . In other words, the Russians used property which the Germans had stolen from Rumanian (20 June) Bulearia The Sofia radio stresses the brilliant achievements of the Bulgarian economy, which are said to be due to generous Soviet aid,, but confines itself to generalities in the brief references to domestic affairs. It admits that afforestation and erosion control are in an extremely poor state, and that two high officials in the Ministry of Forests were summarily dismissed, one of.them being prosecuted, for dereliction of :duty. The Budapest radio complains of excessive drifting of manpower and lack of discipline mong Hungarian workers, particularly in the building and mining industries, and admits that,Soviet methods of recruiting manpower are being employed, Although the Party, trade unionorganizations and management are officially blamed for not taking care of the situation, the real reason appears to be the attitude of the workers themselves. "These drifting workersa.,,are also inclined,.,to neglect their machines and to show insufficient enthusiasm in the fight for happier days," (15 June) Pursuing the manpower theme, SZABAD".-,F= belabors the producers' groups and cooperatives, especially the larger ones, for their unwillingness to work more than and says that an 8-hour work day in agriculture during the eight hours a is summer season is utter nonsensea Apart from that, the oduetion of an eight hour day in cooperative farming is even theoretically impossible: Lately one can observe strange symptoms in more than just a few producers' groups and producers' cooperatives, especially in the larger ones ....there is something very much wrong with these workers,..only the open and secret enemies of progress and the cooperative movement ...can entertain such designs (as the eight-hour working day). The paper accordingly urges cooperative and Party le d persI;to hilosla launch of a idlers merciless campaign against the harmful, hostile demagogy and (2 ruly)n order that they shall be completely liquidated as soon as possible." CONFIDENTIAL Approved For Release 2000/08/29: CIA-RDP78-04864A000200040008-7 78-04864A00 S-7 >r Release 2000/08/2 O ih W_ Belgrade reports that.a Party purge has been in progress; For some time past a purge has been going on. in Hungary affecting both higher ranking State and Party officials as well as`many.ordinary citizens. .,,.at the last conress of the Hungarian Workers Party one third .of the leadership...during the past two months which elapsed since the Congress two members of the Politburo have vanished. 25.June) The organizers' of the purge must be looked for outside; in the N.Ka.V D apparatus which keeps non-Muscovites only as long. as their Influence does not exceed the permissible..a (26 June) Czecboslovaki$t Speaking on the sixth anniversary of Czechoslovakiats liberation, Communist Party boss Slansky pays tribute t4 the USSR s contribution to practically every phase of Czechoslovakia's devel?'ptttent, and says that the Soviet Union "presents Czechoslt pia This with a. model on which,.the country can shape its internal structure." amplified in Slansky's reference to. a subversive gang of spies and traitors within the Commmist Party and to: the latterl s treatment of them; The importance of this fact (Cc unist education of the masses) has been; "realized by all the Czechoslovak Co mmunists, particularly, naw~that a dangerous,. subversive gang of spies and traitors bas: been discovered in the ranks of the Party, headed by Sling,,.. Svermova and Cletaentis. The Czechoslovaks. Communists learn from the experience of the Bolshevik.Party how to carry out an Inexorable struggle for principles'against even the slightest deviation from the Party line fo (6 July) _.. ,. -d t4 o x a 8 uca . On the completion of`elementary school and high school, all Czechoslovak.pupils and undergraduates Est know RRussiana The resolution (of the Czechoslovak Communist Party) also provides that in the studies on history Masaryk and Banes are to be expo# as-reactionaries. (28 June) Pow The Yugoslav radio reminds Polish audiences of :the one-sided nature of Soviet-Polish friendship: Polish-Soviet Friendship Societies existed in Poland? but they did not exist in. t 1w-Soviet Union.. Constant lectures and addresses 4bout the Soviet Union were given.i Poland, but no equivalent addresses about Poland.Vere heard in the Soviet Union, The Russian language was taught in Poland# but was Polish taught in the USSR? (5 July) . CONFIDENTIA1 Approved For Release 2000/08/29 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000200040008-7