INDICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-04864A000300050020-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 7
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 20, 2002
• Sequence Number: 20
• Publication Date: April 21, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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Apprc WFIRANW 4g0.~2/gW, Ri A PPJ 4864A000300050020-1
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT NO.
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY USSR DATE OF
SUBJECT INDICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
DATE DIST. Z I 4pRl l W3
NO, OF PAGES 7
SUPPLEMENT TO
LANGUAGE REPORT NO,
THI! DO@UMNNT CONTAIN! INFORMATION APP YIN! THE NATIONAL DEPENHI
OP THE UNITED HTAT!! WITHIN THE MEANING OF EUPIONA!! ACT IO
U: D: @~~ !I AND !!, A! AMENDED. IT! TRANAMI!NION OR THE REVELATION
OP IT! @ONTENT! IN ANY MANNER TO AN UNAUTHORIil! PERHON I! PRO-
HIBITED By 6AW: REPRODUCTION OP THIN FORM It PROMIHIT!O,
.ANC
SOURCE Mozii?torad Broadoaatm
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
CPW Report No. 76 -- USSR
(I - 16 roh 2,M)
Post-+9talirg Unity Cempaigri ... ? ....... ? 2
Govexnment, Reorganisation ... ? ........ ? 6
Karl Marx Anniversary ...... ....?r.??.. 7
cottwal.dIs Death ...................... 7
STATE
ARMY
CLASSIFICATION
X
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 STATINTL
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TJNCIASS IFIED
hardly a single Home Service comment
editorial or news item not related to
,
Stalin's death and funeral, and although the central, and regional transmitters
still appear to be absorbed in the aftermath of the leader's demise a trickle
of "unrelated" material is already beginning to appear in the broadcasts.
Apart from the current session of the Supreme Soviet which gets considerable
publicity on the domestic and foreign beams, calls for unity, strength and
vigilance seem to be the chief ingredients of the emerging propaganda pattern
-on the home front, The unity theme was in fact sounded by PRAVDA, IZVESTIA
and other papers on 5 March, the day Stalin died, although the official
announcement of his death was not made till the next day..
The illess of the great leader, says PRAVDA on that day, makes it all the more
inc bet upon the Soviet people to close their ranks (somknut ryady), rally
behind the Party leadership and redouble their efforts.. The Party led the people
through the revolution, civil war and to final victory in World War Two, and its
postwar achievements in reconstruction and the "building of Communism" are no
less impressive. It is this unity between the Party and the people, always urged
by Lenin and Stalin, that will sustain them "in theme difficult days," In short,
What the country needs now more than ever before in "unity and cohesion,
etaunhneee of, spirit and vigilance" (edinetvo I iplocheanaost, tverdost dukha I
.bdi el`nodt'9
The unity of the people and the Party, says IZVESTIA on the same day, if the major
source of our strength; it has stood us in good stead throughout the struggle for
Socialism, and it will prove to be the indispensable weapon in the postwar
construction of Communism,
There is no doubt that all the working people of our
Motherland ... will close their ranks still tighter
around the Central Committee of the C =muniet Party
and the Soviet Government,
Russian text
Net eomnenia v toms, ehto vie trudyaeahieeya nashei
Rodiny eshche tesnsye somknut evoi ryady vokrug
Teentralnogo Kamiteta Kommuniaticheekoy Pertii i
Sovetekog?Pravitelstva. ? .. 1
CPYRGHT
Unity, strength, preparedness and vigilance are the, Salient points also in the
funeral orations by Malenkov, Beria and Molotov on 9 March. The unbreakable
unity of the Party and the people, says Malenkov, is'the'oneland only guarantee
of the USSR's continued successes, and it must therefore be safeguarded "like
the pupil of the eye? (kak zenitsu okra). Another -indispensable condition for the
continuity of Soviet strength, he points out, is the friendship of the peoples
of the Soviet Union which is in itself a guarantee against the threat of all
foreign and domestic enemies. As for the country's armed strength, it is "our
sacred duty" (nasha svyaa,hchennaya obyazannost) to develop it to the utmost:
We Must keep them (the armed forces) in a state of
fighting preparedness so as to give a crushing
rebuff to any invasion of the enemy.
Russian text:
r dolzhny derzhat ikh (vooruzhennie sily) v sostoyani
oyevoy gotovnosti dlya sokrushitelnogo otpora lubomu
a adeniu vra a
UNCLASSIFIED
CPYRGHT
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Beriaos speech was much in the same vein. except that he placed considerable
emphasis on the present strength of the Soviet` armed'foress-, Our soldiers,
sailors.' officers and'generals, equipped with the most modern fighting
equipment, will be able to take care of Any aggressor "who would dare', (kotoriy
osmelitsya) attack our`country. "Let no one think,that the enemies of the
Soviet State will be able to catch us unawares" (pust-nikto ne dumayet, chto
vragi Sovetskogo gosudarstva smogut zastat nas vrasplokh),. Vigilance, however,
is something not to be overlooked; we must continue to strengthen it still
further, Speaking of the "extraordinarily important measures" (chrezvychaino
vazhnie reshenia) taken by the Party and the Governmient to insure the
"uninterrupted and correct leadership" of the country, he said that one such
important decision was the appointment of "the able student of Lenin and loyal
comrade-in-arms of Stalin," G0.M0 Malenkov; to the post of Chairman of the Council
of Ministers. Molotov's funeral speech seems to be phrased to point up his
personal friendship with and intimate knowledge of Stalin. Referring to the
departed leader's life-long devotion to the Communist cause and the people,
he remarks
This is how he was in his young years in Tbilisi-and?
Baku. This is how he was in the stormy yeare of the
Russian revolution and in the diff icult?years,of Czarist
reaction ... when subjected to persecution in jail
and exile.
., w
Takim or, byl v molodie gody v Tbilisi, v Baku. Takim
byl v burnie gody russkoy revolutsii i v trudnie gody
tsarskoy reaktsii ... podvergayas presledovaniam v:
turmakh. i?v.ssyl.kakh4
CPYRGHT
The unity theme has been pursued so vigorously by the central press and radio
since 5 March as to suggest that the new leadership is out to "sell" the Party
arid` itself to the people.
PRAVDA points out editorially on 7-March, that Stalin's faithful, disciples and
comrades-in-arms will. insure a firm and consistent execution of internal and
foreign policy as mapped out by the Party because r'the.cause of Lenin and Stalin
rests in reliable and firm hands" (delo Lenina-Stalina v nadezhnykh i
krepkilth rukakh), The Soviet people are assured also that these "faithful
disciples" will,provide the necessary continuity of leadership and policy and.
will- not' tamper with the laws laid down by Stalin himself.-
he ar y's plans or the future are ase on
he science of building-a Communist societ'y' a.s
developed by Comrade Stalin...
lany partii na budushcheye ... opirayutsya na nauku o
troitelstve konnnunisticheskogo obshchestvae '.
azrabotannuyu tovarishchem Stalinym,
CPYRGHT
Similar reassurances are voiced by IZVESTiA on 8 March. The Soviet people,
says the paper, have confidence in their future because "they know" (oni znayut)
that the Party and the Government are headed by trustworthy people, faithful
disciples and comrades-in-arms of Stalin; they know that-Stalin's policies rest
"in the firm hands" (v krepkikh rukakh) of the new leaders who will insure
"continuity and consistency" in.?the execution of domestic and foreign policies.
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demolished the theory of the wither^il?ig away of the State under
conditions of capitalist encirclement and proved that the
State must be preserved even under CoMunism if capitalist
encirclement is still maintained by that time.
razgromil teoriu otmirania gosudarstva v usloviakh
kapitalisticheskogo okruzhenia I dokazal, chto gosudarstvo
dolzhno sokhranitsya I pri koaamunizme, esli k tcmu vremeni
sokhranitsya kapitalisticheskoye okruehenie.
UNCLASSIFLD
The main s -'rce ~ of the Party's strengths says PRAVDA on 8' March.' "the
steel'-like ity and monolithic compactness of its rake" (stalnoye edinstvo
i monolltn ya splochernost eye'ryadov),`and such monolithic unity, it is
implied, i essential also between the Party and the'pe'ople. The Soviet
people kn that their happy future and security depend on the correct
leadersi ,of the Party which, as Stalin once pointed outs has no other
interes . h,,+. +i,.,oo
They know that the Party is strengthening by every
means the Soviet army, navy and intelligence organs
so as to be always prepared to give a-crushing rebuff
to any aggressor.
Oni znayut, chto partia vsemer:do ukreplyaet Sovetskuyu
Armiu, Voyenno4Aorskoy Flot i organy razvedki s tem,
chtoby postoyanno byt gotovymi dat sokrushitelniy
otpor lubomu aggressoru.
CPYRGHT
Reiterated also is the Soviet people's "firm conf ideneen in the new leadership
which consists of Stalin's faithful disciples who "will insure the successful
implementations, (obespechat uspeshnoye provedenie) of the policies already
outlined by the Party and the Government.
Stalin has left us, says SOTSIALISTICHESKIY DCNBAS editorially but his associates, "tested' in stru le rf n 13 March,
gg , will lead us forward d a on
his
triumphant path. Stalin's "true associate," Comrade Maleikov, has called
upon the Soviet people to multiply their efforts toward the rea'litation of the
great tasks ahead of them, and that shall be done. The unity of the people the Party is above all else, for unity is the determining fagtor of all our YRGHT
'successes.
un ty of the Party, to be vigilant, to be
irreconcilable and steadfast in the struggle wI't internal
o be true to the legacy of Stalin means to c
he i onsolidate
On 13 March PRAVDA discusses the need for strengthening' the uovie,t State .without
Mentioring any of the new leaders by name. It merely refersto the Soviet
aov?erment as- the executor of the consistent Stalin poiiey ?arid the Central:,,
Committee of the Party as the leadership dedicated to`"the further strengthening
of the union of the working class and the collective farm peasantry." The
continuity in basic dogma and party policy discussed by, t;tiis and' other central
papers on previous occasions is now said to apply also to-tie State structure,
presumably beyond the changes already made.' ere again the people are
reassured that the theory of the State as evolved by Stalin will be followed by
the new leadership, the Central Committee of the Party, to the letter. The CPYRGHT
State will remain all-powerful; in the forseeable future, even under Communism.
It was Stalin himself who
Russian text
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Identifying Stalin with State powerq ZA ,YA VQSTO.KA (15 ', .rch) asserts .that
the leader had devoted "his entire glorious life ' . to atrengtheiing the
State, ?ind? that policy- must be continued? Amplifying'the pointy the paper
goes onto say that State power means primarily armed.force.coupled with
political and ('aggressive" (na9tupate1naya) vigilance Such conditions, it
is implicitly stated9 are of particular importance to the peripheral areas
of the USSR *hich border on foreign lands;
We must always remember. that our Republic borders.
on imperialist Turkey-which is the military base
of the United States in the East. American
imperialism looks upon Turkey as its own military
base for attacking the USSR.
CPYRGHT
A PRAVDA article by Patolichev, the Secretary of the Belorussian Party-s
Central Committee, broadcast on 14'March, declares that "our enemies, 'internal
as well as external, would like to see confusion and uncertainty in the
Soviet country, in our Party." "This will never come to pass-*d Although
there is "no class basis" for bourgeois .ideology in the country, we must
always be aware of capitalist encirclement and of the fact that remnants
of 'bourgeois',ideology "still'exist lin.cur country." Nor must we overlook
the Estill- existing morality of private property and the carriers, of bourgeois
vie*s, VI:ive people, the covert enemies of our people." It is these enemies,
su:pp.orted py.the imperialists who "will continue to harm us." Unity with the
Party, solidarity and acute vigilance are therefore the "invincible and
irre.placeable'+ defenses. The Secretary of the Latvian Party''i,Centiil Committee,
Kalnber:zin,, also writing in PRAVDA, says that bourgeois Latvia' had; been "one
of-.the hotbeds. of saboteur and espionage organizations"'of the imperidlist
powera ,. He .admits that in Soviet Latvia "there still exist", in some places
the concealed fragments of, anti-Soviet elements such as "bourgeois-nationalists,
Jewish Zionists,:Social Democrats, contaminated by imperialiam4,..and Trdtakyrites."
These elements should be fought relentlessly since Soviet Latvia is "a border
Republic" and must therefore be "as firm as granite" and unassailable to the
enemies of the Soviet State..
Special tribute to Stalin is paid in a long IZVESTI;A article (16 Maro'.h):by
P. Prokkonen, chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Karelo-Finnish SSR.
Reviewing the achievements made by that Republic under Stalin's tutelage, he
sayi that the "irreparable loss" occasioned
prompt 'the Karelc~-Finnish by the de~-th,oi?, the leader Will people to rally still closer .around the Central
Committee of the Party and the Qovernment,
.
In a talk-`broadcast on 1.3 Abrch, Moskateyev assures the home listeners that
Stalin.4.ddeath, `though a great blow to the peoples has not -left them leaderless.
His banner has now been taken up by his comrades rho "ccwbine profound
theoreticai education. and a wide political%horizon," practical revolutionary
work and boundless loyalty to the Party and the people. In a1ADYANSKA. UKRA1`
ar'tic'le' quoted by ' t ie Kiev'radi'o on 14 Maroho Semenenko recalls that Stalin had
been the 'fir... to. unmask "the treacherous role of the Ukrainian bourgeois
nationalists," in hie article ftThe Ukrainian Problem" (Ukrainiskiy usil) written
in 1918. It was Stalin who first condemned the activities of Petlurale and
Danichenko's "out'thrbat gangs" and demonstrated that the task of the Ukrainian
people was to struggle not only against foreign ntervention'but.also against
their own "yellow-and-blue prophets." In these difficult days, Semeiienko
concludes, the Ukrainian people are rallying even closer around the
Communist Party and the Soviet Government which are now led by "the wise
colleague's ,'and disciples of the great leader."
UNCLASSIFIED
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`the Supreme Council Session .is give= wide publicity, in broadcasts at hcmae
and abroad. 'This body was convened on. 15 Match to ..approve. the.,emergency
measures already adopted by the Party-and Government immediately following
Stalin's' death. Of same significance in the Council's proceedings is that
central."i ation of leadership in industry, and agriculture appeared as the
main' item, a the' agendai Thus the 51 Ministries of .the US$R: that were
approved' as late as 1950 have now been merged into 25, twelve of which are
listed as All-Union (obshchesoyuznie) ministries and 13 as Union Republican
(soyuzno'respublikanskie).' Among the most important changes are. the
unification of all the armed forces under a single defense.ministry and
the merging of the security organs into what was,originally the Ministry of
Internal Affairs; The newly established Ministry of Culture will, curiously
enough, include also the functions of the abolished Ministry of Labor Reserves.
Five of the seven Committees under the immediate jurisdiction of the Council
of Ministers have been dropped, leaving only an enlarged. State Planning. Committee
hea.de'd'by Kosyachenko and the State Committee for Construction under..K,..M_ Sokolov.
The announcement of the new composition of the Council of Ministera is. published
in a l2-page issue of IZVESTIA (16 March) in the 16 languages of the
Soviet 'Republies,, .
In his.:'s?eeeh to the Supreme Council submitting the names of'the new Ministers
for app ^^ova~1, Malenkov does not volunteer any specific reasons for this
?weeptng?'reorganization of the' Government beyond the remark that.it was 'long
overdue-'"' (ztazrelo ne segodnya) and is',, of. course, for the good of the, people
and. the Government. In submitting the new composition of the Government for the
Supreme Cbuncil's approval, he points out, the Central Cc ittee' of the
C cm unity- -Party, the Council of USSR Ministers.and the - Pres id^ium of the Supreme
Co=on ' .. ,
'Rt o' ian text
were motivated by the fact that the strength of our
leadership oonsista of its collective epir'it.p ..ohesion
and monolithic unity.
iskhodili is togo, chto sil.a nashego rukovodetva
"sostoit ., ego kollektivnostio splochennos.ti 'i
monolitnosti,
CPYRGHT
'Malenkov refers to the retrospective wisdom of the changes whirl.., it is
616.iiaedg' had been'initiated during the life of Stalin, Some of them in fact,
were being carried out (vynashivalis) for a long time, Stalin's death has
ee ?el :"aaeelerated the implementation" (isskorila provedenie v shien) of-the
neoessarv,Rchanges Which were actually begun some time ago. The realization of,
these meaCu?es will "undoubtedly" (nesomnenno) facilitate. the solution of the
tasks ahead of ue-one of which is "the strengthening of the powerful Sovtet
ar ied,forces" (ukrepl,enie mogushchestvennykh Sovetskikh Vooruzhennykh. Sli) avwthat
'the : c efense.. and.security , of the Fatherland may be insured.b The ztierging dl the
-va:eaous ministries into fewer and larger organizations 'and .the,. consequent
eentralizatlon of Leadership is :referred to~ as, "the ftrther,,improvemertt of
'leader^ship'~ (dalneysheye uluchshenie rukovodstva),. but thatrpoint:, just like the
other aspects `of the, Government' reshuffle;. is not aaplified
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UNCLASSIFIED
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Karl Marx Death Anniversary : Although priority is still giveh_-,o materials
des ing wit the pawing of Stalin, the 70th ann versar aofthe #eath of
Karl Marx gets fairly heavy publicity. PRAVflA, (14, March) devotes an
entire page, to the "founder of scientific Communism" in addition to an,
editorial,.. Eulogies are carried also by IZVESTIA, TR;TD, RED STAR,
LITERARY GAZETTE and a number of regional publicationsD Prominence is given
also to a Home Service. talk by Bachelor of HistoricalSciences Samorukov
on "the". C lass , Cdr igins of Marxism" (14 March), and to a' PRAVDA article by
Wilhelm Pieck (14 March) on Stalinse contribution to Marxist theory and the
!"special impo tanee" attached by Karl Marx. to the German working class.,.
Gottwald'sDeath- is accorded heavy publicity on the Home Ser.viee and in the
press,, PRAVDA, IZVESTIA, TRUD and other papers devote almost the entire
front,,,page (on 15 .March).to the official announcement of the'Czechoslovak
Party,,. Front-paged also.are the messages of condolence frc?en, the,Central
Committee of, the USSR Communist Party, the Presidium, of the Supreme Counci,l''t
and the E:ounci1,of Minister, while a large photograph of the,late.Czech.
President?is reproduced in all the central papers..' It is also announced
,that,special;:Government delegation headed by Marshal Bulganin has been
appointed to attend Gottwald's funeral.
UNCLASSIFIED
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