CIRCUMFERENTIAL RADAR SITES LENINGARD, USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78B04560A002200010059-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 16
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 3, 2006
• Sequence Number: 59
• Publication Date: May 1, 1964
• Content Type: REPORT

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15 Pages
PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION REPORT
NP I C/R-299/64
May 1964
CIRCUMFERENTIAL RADAR SITES
LENINGRAD, USSR
NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION CENTER
/ Declass Review by NGA/DOD CROUP I
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PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION REPORT
CIRCUMFERENTIAL RADAR SITES
LENINGRAD, USSR
N P I C/R-299/64
May 1964
NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION CENTER
Approved For Rye3sse SECRET 12200010059-0
 Leningrad is surrounded by a number of
circumferential radar sites. Six of these,
termed the outer sites, are positioned at gener-
ally regular intervals through all quadrants of
the compass at a distance from a. common cen-
ter at Leningrad ranging from approximately
120 to 150 nautical miles (nm) with the exception
of the site near Vyborg (Figure 1). This site,
70 nm from Leningrad, could not be positioned
farther out because of the proximity of the
Finnish border. Four others, the inner sites,
are positioned approximately 25 nm from the
center of Leningrad in the northwest, northeast,
southeast, and southwest quadrants, thus also
forming an approximate circle or ring (Figure 2).
For the first time, it has been possible to
identify by type all of the antennas at one of these
sites, the large-scale photography of Mission
NPIC/R-299/64
NPIC H-9725 (5/94)
FIGURE 1. LOCATION OF OUTER SITES.
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revealing that the Sortavala
outer site contains 2 TALL KING radar an-
tennas, 3 SPOON REST, 3 height finders (prob-
ably ROCK CAKE), and a possible microwave
antenna. Although the small-scale coverage of
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the other sites allows the definite identification
of only one other antenna, a TALL KING at the
Vyborg site, it is believed that the components
of the Sortavala site are typical of all the outer
sites since they are all very similar in overall
appearance and since it is possible todetermine
at all the sites, both inner and outer, that there
are radars on mounds even though these cannot
be precisely identified.
All the sites reflect similar design consid-
erations in regard to layout and orientation. For
example, the radar components at each site are
arranged along a connecting roadway that runs
the length of the site, the radars forming a
parallel, generally straight line. This line, when
extended, is a chord of the imaginary circle
formed by the ring of sites. Further, with
respect to the connecting roadway, the radar
components at all of the sites are placed to the
outside (the side away from Leningrad).*
*The only exception to this is the site near Borovichi,
which is common to both Moscow and Leningrad. This
site has already been described in detail 1/ and is not
included in this'roport.
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All the outer sites are remarkably similar.
At each, the components are arranged along a
common connecting roadway, the length of which
averages approximately 2,600 feet. The com-
ponents generally include five radar mounds
(or low towers that substitute for mounds) with a
large control bunker situated near the center. If
considered to be facing out from Leningrad, this
central control bunker has a small, generally
circular bunker close to its left side: to its right,
and often to the left as well, is a square or rec-
tangular bunker with a TALL KING antenna
(though photographic limitations preclude the
identification of this feature at all of the sites).
In addition, all of the outer sites include at least
one concrete apron that contains an unidentified
object.
It is interesting to note that the layout of the
individual sites varies slightly in order to con-
form to an overall pattern i 1- igure 31. Thus,
when considered to be facing outward from
OUTER SITE
PERIMETER
WEST
SECTOR
EAST
SECTOR
2MOUNDS/
TOWERS
3 MOUNDS/
TOWERS
0
Leningrad as before, the three sites in the
western sector - - Vvborg, Tapa, and Porkhov --
have three radar mounds on the left side of the
control bunker and two on the right. In the
eastern sector sites - - Sortavala, Podporozhve,
and Borovichi -- the arrangement is not nearly
as symmetrical but, generally speaking, there
are more radar mounds on the right side than on
the left. In view of this, it seems apparent that
each site operates on a sector scan assignment
rather than on an omnidirectional one.
There is a support area for each of the
outer sites, usually containing 18 to 20 buildings.
Based on a detailed analysis of the Sortavala
coverage, it is possible to determine that each
site is self-supporting, having an independent
diesel-electric power plant, an industrial shop,
officer and enlisted personnel quarters, ahead-
quarters building, a motor pool and garage, and
a probable microwave relay antenna.
INNER SITE
PERIMETER
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photography permits identification of
IA-RDP78BO456OA002
Location: 13 nm NNW of Sortavala
Coordinates: 61-52-55N 30-25-40E
Map: USATC 200/0103-15AL, 2d ed, Nov 59,
1:200,000 (SECRET)
Remarks (Figure 4): The larger scale ofC
the following radar antennas: 2 TALL KING,
each on the roof of a small bunker beside the
large, centrally located control bunker; 3
SPOON REST on mounds, 2 to the west of the
control bunker and one to the east; 3 height
finders, probably ROCK CAKE, each on level
ground near its companion SPOON REST. Three
additional radar mounds are unoccupied. The
fenced support area includes 4 enlisted-per-
sonnel barracks, a duplex officers quarters
building, a headquarters /administration build-
ing, a mess/recreation building, an industrial
shop, a large diesel-electric power plant, a
large fuel-oil bunker, a double-door garage, a
vehicle shed, and approximately 8 utility sheds
and buildings of varying size. A lattice tower in
the northeast corner of the support area appears
to be a microwave relay antenna but its exact
function has not been determined.
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Location: 6.5 nm SSE of Podporozhve
Coordinates (approximate): 60-48N 34-15E
Map: USATC 200/0102-161IL, 3d ed, Jul 63,
1:200,000 (SECRET)
Remarks (Figure Si: The operations area con-
tains only four radar mounds, the most north-
erly having an associated mast. A low or
hunkered building is at the southern end of the
radar line. A concrete apron opposite one of
the radar mounds contains an unidentified ob-
ject at its center, and there is a tall rectangular
building just east of the control bunker. A
typical support area is about 1.2 nm north-
northeast.
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 Porkhov
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Location: 4 nm SE of Porkhov
Coordinates: 57-44-OON 29-40-OOE
Map: USATC 200/0153-14HL, 3d ed, Dec 62,
1:200,000 (SECRET)
Remarks (Figure 6): The operations area con-
tains all the usual components including two
TALL KING-type bunkers. The five radar
mounds are all occupied. A typical support area
is about 4,000 feet west-southwest and an elec-
trical power trace from the direction of Porkhov
enters the site midway between the two areas.
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Map: USATC 200/0153-211L, 3d ed, Aug 63,
1:200,000 (SECRET)
Remarks (Figure 7): The fenced operations area
includes all the typical components. A typical
support area, about 4,000 feet to the north, con-
tains approximately 14 buildings and is also
fenced.
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w
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Location: 4.5 nm WNW of the center of Vyborg
Coordinates: 60-43-50N 28-35-OOE
Map: USATC 200/0103-2411L, 3d ed, Jun 62,
1:200,000 (SECRET)
Remarks (Figure 8): A TALL KING radar an-
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tenna can be identified on the rectangular bunker
just northeast of the central control bunker. In
addition to all the other characteristic com-
ponents, there is a small, sixth building along-
side the access road to the operations area. The
support area has a normal complement of build-
ings and, in addition, two unidentified rectangular
structures that may be bunkers. Just north of it
is a single building with a possible small dome
and an unidentified object on the roof.
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Although the inner sites resemble each other
quite closely and appear to reflect the samede-
sign considerations as discussed earlier, they
differ from the outer sites in a number of re-
spects. For example, the inner sites have six
radar positions in contrast to the five normally
found at the outer sites. In addition, the six
radars are placed on tall slender towers rather
than on mounds, and the towers are arr. nged so
that the radar line is not completely straight
but rather bent or slightly curving. The length
of the line along which the towers are spaced
averages approximately 1,850 feet, compared
to 2,600 feet for the outer sites; this shorter
length may be accounted for by the smaller
circumference of the inner circle.
Precise identification of components at the
inner sites is hindered by their placement in
woods where tree shadows obscure details.
Each operations area, however, contains a char-
acteristic administrative-type building shaped
like a square C, a signature to the inner ring
of sites.
"There are no individual support areas as
such connected with the inner sites. The sites
are all located along the Leningrad SAM ring
road, though, and support is apparently pro-
vided in common with the support for one or
another of the nearby SAM sites.
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a
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fication of the characteristic towers. However,
size and configuration together with the dis-
Location: 21 nm NE of the center of Leningrad position of identifiable components appear suf-
Coordinates: 60-05-30N 31-02-20E ficiently similar to consider this a confirmed
Map: USATC 200/0103-25HL, 3d ed, Jun 62,
1:200,000 (SECRET)
Remarks (Figure 9): The quality of the photo-
graphic coverage of this site precludes identi-
site. Identifiable components include the typical
square-C administrative-type building, the prob-
able control bunker, and the connecting road. In
addition, the buildings in the area are approxi-
mately equal in number and position to those at
other sites. No support area is observed.
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Location: 25 nm SSE of Leningrad; 6.5 nm SW
of Ulyanovka
Coordinates: 59-32-20N 30-39-00L
Map: USATC 200/0153-4HL, 2d ed, May 63,
1:200,000 (SECRET)
Remarks (Figure 10): The operations area in-
cludes 6 towers, each about 65 feet high, a large
control bunker, a radar-type mound with a ramp,
and 14 buildings, all maintenance and utility types
except for the characteristic square-C building.
Support is provided by a SAM assembly and sup-
port facility 3.5 nm to the northeast. 2/
rA
SENTRY POST w
ADMINISTRATIVE-TYPE
BUILDING
Y' ?
,
CONTROL
,,tr BUNKER
MOUND
WITH RAMP
to 0
U Tower with platform on top
Road
_` ?--- Fence
500 0 500
FEET to PPROXIMATE)
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NPIC/R-299/64
No
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Northwest (probable)
Location: 25 nm NW of Leningrad; 3.7 nm NE
of Zelenogorsk
Coordinates: 60-14-20N 29-45-OOE
Map: USATC 200/0103-25HL, 3d ed, Jun 62,
1:200,000 (SECRET)
Remarks (Figure 11): The site is situated among
tall trees which preclude detection of the char-
acteristic towers. However, the probable op-
erations area does contain the square-C build-
ing, a probable control bunker, and roadway
clearings through the woods, the pattern of which
approximates that at other inner sites. Inaddi-
tion, the distance and direction of the site from
Leningrad correspond with the expected location.
Support could be provided in common with that
for a group of nearby SAM sites by a support
area situated just east-southeast of the probable
operations area and connected to it by a newly
constructed road.
PROBABLE
OPERATIONS
AREA
Road
------- Ground scar
-?- Powerline
500 0 500 1000
FEET (APPROXIMATE)
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Southwest
Location: 25.5 nm SW of Leningrad
Coordinates: 59-44-20N 29-33-55E
Map: USATC 200/0153-41i1., 2d ed, May 63,
1:200,000 (SECRET)
Remarks (Figure 12): The operations area in-
cludes 6 towers, each about 65 feet high, a con-
trol bunker at the center, the characteristic
square-C administrative-type building, and 5
other smaller buildings. Support is provided
by the area serving Leningrad SAM Site C25-2
125X1A
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NPIC/R-299/64
DOCUMENTS
1. NPIC. R-89/64, Moscow Air Defense Radar Sites, USSR, Feb 64 (TOP SECRET
2. NPIC. R-141/64 SAM Assembly and Support Facilities, Leningrad, USSR (pp. 7-9 and Fig 5), Feb 64 (TOP SECRET
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