SUPPLEMENT (Sanitized)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78B04770A000200010046-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 1, 2004
• Sequence Number: 46
• Publication Date: May 6, 1966
• Content Type: MF

Approved For Release 2004tt0E R RDP78B04770A000200010046-0
SIC/PS/D/6-139
6 May 1%
MEMORd'1DI FOR: Deputy Chief, Development Branch, Plans and
Development Staff
SUBJECT: Supplement to
25
1. [:::Jas submitted a supplemental report and other documentation 25
in suppor o heir Feasibility Report on a Multiple Image Irate
Printer. The supplement contains the graphs and the answers to
questions requested by the Project Monitor on 11 February 1966.
also anfwered additional questions at a
meeting with the Fro ect Monitor at NPIC on 26>pril 1966.
2. The graphs indicate that the transfer function of the proposed
printer at 12X magnification is comparable to the results obtained
with a typical high quality enlarger at 12X magnification. Graphs
are presented for film type 3!OIi, 3i01, and tri-X; they indicate that
some improvement in resolution can be obtained in coarse grained film
but very little improvement in resolution from high definition film.
An important point Is.brought out in Figure 10, the threshold of
perception is greatly improved on tri-X for the integrated inputs
over the single input. This is also emphasized again in the step
wedges of Figure 11.
3. httachment 3 is a copy of an article that was written in
1959 and published in the Journal of SMPTE, September 1965. This
article pretty well substantiates the Image Dissector-Follow Spot
technique that is proposed by0 The last paragraph of the
article also dwells on the slow scanning procedure that 0 would
use in the print out mode.
4. Other points that were brought out in the report or the
meeting are:
a. The limiting resolution for input materials is about
100-150 lines/mm. Any attempt to increase the resolution would
require a decrease in input size and an increase in magnification
to the CRT.
b. The video bandwidth will be 20 megacycles per second
since the slow scan print out technique will be used and the
30 frame per second display rate will not have to be maintained.
25
25
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E.Yis ied from aCtalaatIc
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c. The Image Integration Printer will. not appreciably
increase resolution but it will ;hove the information content
by improving the contrast of low contrast images, reveal image
detail in shadows or low contrast areas by superimposition of
images from various missions, and by detecting change in several
missions.
d. The main function of the instrument is. as a printer and
not as a viewer, therefore, the flicker display rate will not
be a major factor as it was in the contract.
e. There will be 10 steps of contrast as explained in the
report, the computation in the earlier report was based on
high contrast and only two steps were used to indicate the
maximum effect.
f. Illumination is not a problem when the follow spot
technique is used.
g. The time to produce a slow scan print out is approximately
one second.
5. All the questions have been answered satisfactorily by
and the state-of.+the-art a ears to have made major advances since
the days of the contracts. All indications are that
the instrument proposed by will be a usefull, instrument for the
integration of grain limite-tT wages by increasing the signal-to-noise
ratio.
6. II estimates that it can produce a working instrument with
the remaining funds. It is recommended that the Office of Logistics
be instructed to establish a new completion date and authorize
to proceed with the fabrication of the instrument.
7. Attachment 2 contains changes that Oproposed for an
incentive type contract covering Phase II. It is recommended that
the proposed changes in the incentive contract be rejected. The
feasibility study shows that a signal-to-noise ratio of 1.7 is
possible and that a maximum resolution of 130 lines may be achieved.
The incentive targets they recommend are almost sure of achievement.
Approved For ReleaseStVffL2T: CIA-RDP78BO477OA000200010046-0
 Approved For Release 2& / E:CIA-RDP78BO477OA000200010046-0
1 1
2 - Letter Dated December 196
1 Article from J. of II dated September 1965
1 4 -F--] Supplement Report
Distribution:
Orig & 1 Addressee
1 . Ch/PB
I - Ch:/SS2
l - Project File (99848-5)
2?PBChronos
p
Approved For Release 2004192 DP78BO477OA000200010046-0
 ;growth and chssipatiy~ ~~bv ttr'~t~ti Rele ' Oa Yd t ~ `: ` A'-'F bP78o477Q'A
prodtcc?ed by 011clear and lalge?-scale film nu'asureutent. ttlc ;uttontata: plot- In
high-explosive bursts. 13craus0 it is a
paint-b.'-point method, a large 11010110 of
c?oluputation is necessary to obtain the
Vr-quircl} a11lottl11 of information. Much
of this c olnptltatioll is repetitious. So that
clectronic computer teelulidues are de-
ling of the resulting coorchrlates will alao
greatly reduce the .1100011t of cflort in-
volved.
It is hoped that the rectification
Method outlined here will find use in
other fields where oblique photographs
on a Novel Application of the
Image- Dissector
The combination of an image dissector and a flying-spot scanner has advantages
over either of these two devices alone. The combination requires much less aver-
age illumination than the image dissector used alone, and the combination has
higher resolution, less noise, and less stringent phosphor decay requirements than
the flying-spot scanner alone.
Tb(ti' op6i` bob obtain the rcgtt,,1
I rltlalilln.
References
1. ttf(ntc of Ju,/ ur IVet/,n us, Atomic: linergv
Couuoission, t;;.s. Covcrmneut Printing 01-
lirc, tVashiugto,i, U.C., 1960.
/'l,r~(ut,~rauunelr}', 2nd ed., Autcricn:c
3. .Vnn< ?( q
Sucirty of 1'lfou,~r;umnctrt?, 1~:,shiuqu,n,
D.C., 1952.
44, A Mop 4 3
By G. l'AP11
requirements. An aperture !; Hill square
would give sufficient resolution to re-
solve 6,1,00 'f V lines/diameter on it 3-
::. than :ter tube. With the conventional
dissectu. tc;a:niqucs at high scanning
rates, howe'. r. this is not achievable,
due to limtt,uions connected. with-the
i
i
ill
on.
nat
um
/~ method of cathode
Ids IS wt?:Lr_ 1. ovvv, in the image dis- is illuminated only for the elemental meLZ cofcatho operation, present nuous
sector the electronic image of the scene time At in (b). The average illumination day trconti ut photocathodes can be
be
to be televised is scanned magnetically in (b) is only a very small fraction, loaded up to an average photocurre nt
over a small aperture in the focal plane so At/ 7", of the. constant illumination used density of ab;nn 20 rag q in. I Ii r pamp/er
that photoelectrons released by different in (a). "Thus, the result of the comparison enrage current density results in
si a
-
picture elements of the scene enter the of the two nonstoring camera systems, ve arne c rr'cn de of the phts in
aperture of the electron multiplier in the dissector and the flying-spot scar: tivity of the cathode.
time sequence. In any particular in- ner,isidentical totheresultofcomparison Ill of .c tubes, with defining apex
stant the operation of the dissector can between nonstoring and storing cameras: tarns l30 nJI i ec' ;quire, wthe i in fin of this
be compared to that of a flying-spot scan- the dissector requires larger average Lures ..am c.trrent density limit is in-
ner, as shown in Fig. 1, (a) and (b). scene illumination by a factor of T11 significant, since a light level well
If at the instant of scanning it par- At than a comparable storing device or a below the msince l illumination is swell
ocular target element (Li, the light ;lux flying-spot scanner. (-tent for a:l practical cases. This is not
dri' received by dA is equal in (a) and l so with small aIpertures. At a current
(b and if the same ]ens arrangement is Resolution Characteristic
and, o density of 20 ?amp/sq in., a 3-mil-square
u-,ed, the light flux d,~ utilized will be It: Spite of this shortcoming there is a a})crturn having an area of 9 X 10-6
identical in the two cases. The same will particular characteristic in which the c n n, results in a current of r = 1.8 X
be true of the outputs of the electron image dissector surpasses all known 10-10 amp entering the clccu'on muiti-
multipliers if the photosensitivity of the camera tubes, namely its resolution. All tier.
two detectors, as well as the gain of the other camera tubes and flying-spot er.
,canning a 2 by 2 in. area in
two elect on multipliers, is the same. scanner systems use ,cathode-ray beaus sec the average scanning time At
Since this mutual correspondence exists to perform the scanning operation or to of each picture element is At = X
at (-very instant, the two systems are illuminate the flying spot. Definition of 10 sc,:. The e or amount of charge col-
identical as far as performance is con- a cathode-r,,.y beam is never as sharp leered from every picture element is,
corned. and exact as the direct imaging of an =
consequentI , Q J..)5 X 10-17
Although the outputs of the two sys- electronic image, as in the dissector or coulor_lb cr :V = 84 electrons, a cony
cans are identical, a great dillerr.nce in an image converter tube.. Measure- pat a ivcly small number, which is sub-
exists in establishing the conditions moots on a conventional image converter pto stasmi ll fluctuations having a
postulawd for this, correspondence. tube (IC 16) with transparent phosphor ct , , root-to stati care value AY V =
Whereas in case (a) target clement showed a resolution of 140 line pairs/ 1
d11 is illuminated by ill(- flux dri' during tnm which is equivalent to 280 TV lines/ 9. Disregarding the additional fluctua-
the. total frame time T, the same cleIn('rlt mrn. In principle, comparable resolution lion introduced by the electron multi-
could be achieved ill the case of the 1ther, the signal-to-noise ratio of the
if the unechanical output signal will be :V;'AN = 1/N.
t'o,thumous paper, ori(;in;jlly \.rittc?n ,\t;iy 19.)9; in: