GUIDED MISSILLE INTELLIGENCE FROM THE KLYUCHI/KAMCHATKA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78T04753A000100230001-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 18
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 22, 2003
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: August 22, 1957
• Content Type: IM

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SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM
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GUIDED MISSILE INTELLIGENCE FROM THE
KLYWCHI/KAMCHATKA COVERAGE
ENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
22 AUGUST 1957
JOB N:O. ~5 41753
BOX N'O. - -,_-_
FOLDER NO.
TOTAL DOGS HEREIN I
CIA,'SI,4ITA- SIM-I-57
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SCIENTIFIC IN 'ELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM
"GUIDED MISSILE INTELLIGENCE FROM
THE KGYUCHI/KAMCHATKA
'22'
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CONTENTS
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I PURPOSE
TT CONCLUSIONS
J.l #ISC[SSIONS
A. Guided Missile Intelligence Interest in the Klyuchi Area
B. Potential Guided Missile Information
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1. Klyuchi As An Impact Area
2. Klyuchi As A Launching Point
3. Impact Area vs Launching Point
Data Acquired of Klyuchi Area
25X1 D D. Guided Missile Knowledge
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1. Klyuchi As A Launching Point
2. Klyuchi As An Impact Area
3. Impact Area vs Launching Point
E. The Unanswered Guided Missile Intelligence Questions
PLATES
Plate # 1 - Probable New Ballistic Missile Test Range
Plate # 2 -
Plate # 3 - Aircraft Activity and Radar Locations In The Klyuchi Area
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PREFACE
25X1 D missile intelligence
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This Scientific Intelligence Memorandum provides a summary of the guided
Iof the Klyuchi/Kamchatka
A brief treatment of the reasons for guided missile
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intelligence interest in the Klyuchi area is included as well as a discussion
of type of information which it was hoped would be acquired
HT AUTOMAT; it is unlikely however, that future
analysis will
reveal any new information of sufficient guided missile importance to alter
the conclusions reached herein.
The precise role of the Klyuchi area in the Soviet guided missile program
continues to be the subject of further studies in 0SI/CIA.
to is continuing at
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GUIDED MISSILE INTELLIGENCE FROM
THE KLYUCHI/KAMCHATKA COVERAGE
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no
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PROBLEM
To assess the guided missile intelligence
of the Klyuchi/Kamchatka area
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CONCLUSIONS
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1. I Inot reveal any specific indications of
guided missile activity.
2. The probability that the Klyuchi area is the terminus rather than
the launch point for a new guided missile test range between Novokazalinsk/
Dzhusaly and Klyuchi areas is strengthened by the complete lack of evidence
of the extensive facilities associated with rangehead type activities.
t own opportunity for acquiring data which should answer
critical questions on the status of the Soviet ICBM program
probable new rangehead in the Novokazalinsk/Dzhusaly area.
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DISCUSSION
A. Guided Missile Intelligence Interest in the Klyuchi Area
1. By its geographic location alone, the Kamchatka Peninsula area,
including its bordering bodies of water, has long been a suspect location
for the terminus of a new long distance ballistic missile flight test range.
Impact points here would provide the longest great circle distance between
known and suspect launching points in western USSR. Flight test ranges of
3000 to 4500 nautical miles could be achieved.
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*The Novokazalinsk Dzhusaly area also includes the Kzyl Orda area.
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3. The evidence indicates Soviet preparations for testing either a
ICBM or earth satellite vehicle (ESV). It is doubtful
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alone could provide an answer to the key question of whether the Klyuchi
area was intended to be the terminal impact area for an ICBM or the location
of instrumentation sites for the ESV or both. However, the critical question
to be answered is whether the Klyuchi area contains only instrumentations
sites or evidence that a launching site is being constructed there.. Because
of the overriding intelligence importance of the ICBM the remainder of this
paper will consider only that aspect with emphasis on the status and timing
of the program.
4. There was some question as to which area is to be the launching point
and which area is to be the impact area for the ICBM test range. The available
evidence strongly indicated that the Novokazalinsk/bzhusaly area would contain
the launching point with the range terminus in the Klyuchj area. However, the
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of cargo off-loaded at
Ust Kamchatsk and destined for the Special Construction Unit at K1 uchi could
have indicated the start of construction of a launching area-possibly to serve
a dual role, first as a launcher for test range and later as an operational
launching site for ICBMs.
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PROBABLE NEW BALLISTIC MISSILE TEST RANGE
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Potential Guided Missile Information Available
of chi Area
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1. Klyuchi As An Impact Area. Instrumentation sites for acquiring
missile telemetry and trajectory data would probably be located along the
terminal trajectory path.
Klyuchi area it might be pos
to determine an instrumentation site pattern from which the intended impact area
could be deduced.
2. Administrative and logistic support for the instrumentation sites
in an impact area would probably be centralized on one location - possibly
Klyuchi. Approximately 200-400 personnel would be needed to operate the
equipment and provide "housekeeping" functions. A rapid and dependable
communication system is needed to connect this location with its instrumentation
sites. In addition, an equivalent system is required to connect the central
location with the rangehead control station. A modest transportation terminus
and some warehouse-type storage facilities should be present.
3. Klyuchi As A Launching Point. The guided missile test rangehead area
would contain many distinguishable features, the "readiness" of which should
provide a direct indication of the timing of the missile program to be flight-
tested thereat. There would be launching facilities consisting of concrete
pads, servicing towers, control bunkers, fuel storage areas, electronic
instrumentation sites, and special missile handling and fueling equipment.
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opportunity for acquiring information on the status of the Soviet ICBM program
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A fairly large industrial complex should be located nearby to provide
support type operations such as missile assembly, missile check-out, liquid
oxygen production, and general industrial maintenance activites. A range
control center and communication network would also be located near the
launching area. The whole rangehead area should be interconnected by a first-
class road network with large radius turns for missile handling equipment.
4. Impact Area vs Launching Point. The type, quantity, dispersion and
distinguishability of missile facilities located in a rangehead area compared
with those in an impact area definitely indicate that by far the greatest
C. Data Acquired
of Klyuchi Area.
was acquired on the primary target - the
town of Klyuchi and the surrounding terrain.
- 7, dated 23 June 1957, (Top Secret
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=---------------------
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AERIAL PHOTO COVERAGE
CHATKA PENINSULA
19 JUNE 1957
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----- -------------
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PLATE 2
SCATTERED CLOUDS
HEAVY CLOUDS
GOOD COVERAGE
CAMERA MALFUNCTION
CIA/HTA TOP SECRET
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2. Two military type installations are located in the town of Klyuchi;
one has been, completed for sometime, and the other is currently under con-
struction. The installation under construction consists of seven large two
story buildings of barracks or warehouse type ranging in size from 30' x 90'
to 60' x 130', and several other smaller buildirng in varying stages of con-
struction. On the western outskirts of Klyuchi there were seven HOUND
helicopters parked in a small clearing. No large airstrips were detected
near the town of Klyuchi; a large area (approximately 1,000' x 11,000') is
being cleared just north of the town of Kozyrevsk which looks like the early
stages of airfield construction.
considerable logging activity in the area.
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Villages of the Kamchatka River Valley are connected by a narrow swath
(approximately 20' wide) cut through the vegetation which is typical of
communication or power line clearings. The transportation in the area is
restricted to narrow trails except in the immediate vicinity of villages and
logging camps. There is considerable river traffic consisting of barges and
small craft. Nearly all activities, (towns, logging camps, trails, communication
or power lines and river docks) are located on the southern side of the
Kamchatka river indicating little activity to the immediate north.
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D. Guided Missile Kuowled e
1. Kl uchi As A Iqunehing Pointo
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evidence of guided missile rangehead type activities. In fact there was
a-complete lack of any evidence indicating that such activity was intended for
the area or could be supported by the logistic capabilities evident in and
around Klyuehi. Although it is recognized that a rangehead could be located
,following reasons
a. Klyuchi has been the focal point
dicating that the guided missile activity'involved probably has its
headquarters in Klyuchi;
b. Rangehead activities would require considerable logistic
support during both the construction and operational phases. There is
no indication of such logistic activity in the Klyuchi area.
c. The very rugged terrain and extremely poor weather conditions
make this whole area of Kamchatka generally unfavorable for rangehead
activities.
definitely weakens, but does not positively
exclude, the possibility of a guided missile rangehead being located in the
Klyuchi area.
3, 2yuchi As An Im act Area. did not provide any
direct indications of the guided missile test range instrumentation sites
normally associated with an impact area. Such sites woliad.probably be dispersed
along the terminal trajectory path and located on fairly elevated plateaus to
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provide line-of-sight tracking on the incoming missile all the way to its
impact point. Water impact is likely; -therefore, some. small "shacks" along
the coastline with cables leading out into water to sonic detection systems
would also be expected. Considering the probable locations of instrumentation
instrumentation sites dispersed along the terminal traiectorv -oath.
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the absence of any direct indications
surprising.
A heliport with seven HOUND helicopters
edge of Klyuchi0 Although these helicopters could be utilized for many
purposes, there is the distinct possibility that they service guided missile
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5. Mae .military installation currently under construction could be a
focal point for the impact area and as such could provide ample housing,
warehouse and general logistic support facilities for the outlying in-
strumentation and communication sites. The 21,000 tons of cargo destined for
also becomes a factor favoring the "impact area" eeplanation~
Special Construction Unit at KX,yuchi could well be going into this
new installation.
6. Tripod Area vs Launching Point. The complete lack of any indications
of guided missile rangehead type activities in or around Klyuchi definitely
weakens this possibility. These negative results when considered in the
light of other associations with the guided missile program strengthen the
probability that the Kly-uchi area will be the terminus for the new test range.
The comparative likelihood of detecting indicators of the two activities
E. The Unanswered Guided Missile Intelligence Questions.
1. This study further supports the belief that the Klyuchi area is
probably the terminus for a new guided missile test range and as such un-
doubtedly would contain instrumentation sites. The types, quantities and
would probably reveal possible locations of instrumentation sites from which
a reasonable estimate of the intended impact point could be deduced.
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2. The probability that the launching point for a new long range
ballistic missile test facility is located in the Novokazalinsk/Dzhusaly
area is strengthened by the negative results of the Klruchi
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