INTRODUCTION TO THE KRUG INSTALLATION SERIES
Document Type:
Collection:
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST):
CIA-RDP78T04759A001900010018-8
Release Decision:
RIPPUB
Original Classification:
T
Document Page Count:
14
Document Creation Date:
December 28, 2016
Document Release Date:
September 25, 2003
Sequence Number:
18
Case Number:
Publication Date:
October 1, 1965
Content Type:
REPORT
File:
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Body:
"'q 77
ApprolA F$ . f 2003/12/19: CIA-RD .. , 4 475 018
OCTOBER 196;
COPY
11 PAGES
INTRODUCTION TO THE
KRUG INSTALLATION SERIES
DECLASS REVIEW by NIMA/DOD
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INTRODUCTION TO THE
KRUG INSTALLATION SERIES
NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION CENTER
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This report introduces an NPIC series on
Soviet-type KRUG high-frequency direction-
finding (HF DF) antenna array installations.
The series will consist of short but detailed in-
dividual reports using a standard format, cover-
ing all 31 installations containing KRUG antenna
arrays which have been identified by
on photography (Fig-
ure 1), and all additional KRUG installations
identified on future photographic missions. Each
report will be based on the best of the latest
photographic coverage available. It is proposed
that when significant changes are identified on
photography, superseding reports will be issued.
The standard KRUG IIF DF antenna array
(Figures 2 and 3) is composed of several con-
centric circles with a building approximately
50 by 35 feet at the center. One of the circles
is approximately 390 feet in diameter and con-
sists of 40 evenly spaced, cage-type, vertical
antenna elements. Each of these antenna ele-
ments is 30 feet high
Within the circle of cage-type antenna ele-
ments is a circular reflector screen. The
reflector screen is approximately 350 feet in
diameter and is supported by 38 pole masts.
All of the sites have a probable ground re-
flector ring (not shown on figures) approxi-
mately and all but one
(Murmansk) are enclosed by a low fence approx-
imately 980 feet in diameter.
Capabilities of the KRUG Antenna
The KRUG array is a versatile antenna
system that can be adapted to perform a variety
of functions. A partial listing of these reported
functions 1/includes:
1. Long-range aid to air navigation
2. Air traffic control
3. Communications intercept, both foreign
and domestic
4. lIF communications reception, part cu-
larly where high directivity is ne ded
5. Tracking of satellites which carry HF
beacons or transmitters
6. Detection of nuclear detonations
7. Detection of missile launches
8. HF propagation forecasting
9. HF propagation research
10. HF ionosphere (over-the-horizon) ra-
Frequency....... 2 - 20 mcs
Range....... ... 5,000 nautical miles am)
Bearing ........ 360 degrees
Accuracy ....... 1.0 degree
Accuracy of bearings is believed to be .plus
or minus one half of a degree at a distani e in
excess of 6,000 nm under favorable condit: ins.
The KRUG is believed capable of simultanec usly
tracking multiple targets transmitting on di* Ye r-
ent frequencies in the HF portion of the spec, rum
and of "D/F-ing" transmissions as brief t; 50
milliseconds duration. 1/
Each report will include basic data of the
installation, set in boxes at the top; a ] rief
but comprehensive photographic interprets tion
of the installation; and an annotated photog -aph
from the referenced mission. Notes on the i0 3ms
included in the basic-data boxes are given be ow:
Installation Name. Installations wil be
carried by Target Data Inventory (TDI or
Bombing Encyclopedia (BE) names unless t ese
conflict with NPIC usage.
Geographic Coordinates. Coordinates Nill
be given in degrees, minutes, and second, as
plotted by NPIC on the referenced map or ci art,
usually the Series 200 US Air Target Cl art.
NPIC Target Number and BE Number. ach
of these is unique to the installation and ;on-
sists of the WAC number plus identifying di its.
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FIGURE 3. DIMENSIONAL DRAWING OF A TYPICAL KRUG INSTALLATION.
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Photography. This box contains full photo-
graphic references for the coverage on which
the report is based. These include mission num-
ber, date of pass, pass number, camera desig-
nation (where applicable), frame number, index
25X1 number (fo Universal Grid
No 1 coordinates, weather, limiting conditions
(if any), and classification.
AD Area. This box contains a tag identi-
fying the air defense (AD) area in which the
installation is located. The tag is based on a
system devised by NSA which divides the USSR
as shown in Figures 4 through 7.
The first element of the tag, the letter F,
indicates an electronic installation. The second
element, also a letter, indicates the air defense
district in which the installation is situated,
as follows:
Letter District
M Leningrad
K Western
LT Moscow
P Southwestern
Baku
W Sverdlovsk
N Tashkent
Y Northern
D Trans-Siberian
Far Eastern
These districts have in turn been divided
into zones as indicated by the first digit in the
tag, and further subdivisions are indicated by
the second digit.
Only a 2-letter country indicator will be used
in the box when installations lie outside the USSR.
References. This box contains data on the
map or chart used for plotting the location of the
installation and a citation of this introductory
report.
Requirement. This box contains the re-
quester's requirement number.
Descriptive Information. In addition to the
item;; covered in the boxes at the head of the
report, as much description of the installation
as possible wal be given. The subject headings
in this section were selected after detailed
evaluation of a number of individual facilities
to ensure a comprehensive profile of any given
facility. These headings will always occur in
the same order; when any particular category
does not apply to a given situation, it will be
omitted. This omission indicates only non-
applicability; negative information, such as
the absence of security measures or the lack
of activity, will be noted when observed. The
information that will be included under some of
these headings is explained below; the other
headings are self-explanatory but are included
to indicate their place in the standard order
of entries and also to suggest the broad scope
of photographic interpretation that will be
accomplished for each facility. All measure-
ment; must be considered approximate.
Location. The distance and direction from
the town the installation was named for.
Function.
Status.
Activity.
Support Components. The buildings and
structures in the immediate vicinity of the
operational components will be listed here.
Usually they will not be annotated on the photo-
graph.
Security.
Vegetation & Terrain.
Support -Facilities. This entry describes
a separate support facility other than the support
components situated in the immediate vicinity
of the operational elements of the installation
and already described above.
Associated Facilities.
Unusual Features.
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1. North American Air Defense Command, "Possiblo Transportable KRUG Could Improvo Soviet HF-D'F-i
bilities Si Inificantlv," VOlMD 11 eekly Intelligence Re ew, 49,"fi4, 4 Dec 64. pp ?-f (SECRET F
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