COMPARISON OF CRUISE- MISSLE LAUNCH SITES IN CUBA, CHINA, AND THE USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78T05439A000200300061-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 35
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 2, 2000
• Sequence Number: 61
• Publication Date: August 1, 1963
• Content Type: REPORT

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 PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION REPORT
S-87D 7
COMPARISON OF
CRUISE-MISSILE LAUNCH SITES
IN CUBA, CHINA. AND THE USSR
N P I C/R-184/63
August 1963
NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION CENTER
Declassification review by NIMA/DOD
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PREFACE ....................................
INTRODUCTION ................................
1
BANES, CUBA ---------------------------------
1
SA\TA CRUZ DEL NOR I E, CUBA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.. .
6
SIGUANEA, CUBA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
12
LIEN-SHAN, CHINA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
15
PORT AR'I HI'R ('IL'-SIIL'N), CHINA . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
19
BALAKLAVA,USSR ..............................
22
STARYY KILDIN, USSR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
22
KARANGIT AND NENOKSA, USSR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
28
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Page
Figure 1. Locations of Cruise-Missile Sites, Cuba . . . . . . .
Figure 2. Cruise-Missile Site, Banes, Cuba--Section I
Figure 3. Cruise-Missile Site, Banes, Cuba--Section II
25X1D ....................... 3
25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
Figure 4. Layout of Facilities at Banes Cruise-Missile Site . 5
Figure 5. Modified KENNEL Missile in Havana Parade
Figure 6. Cruise-Missile Launc Site Near Santa Cruz
del Norte, Cubz . ? . . ? . ? . . . 8
Figure 7. Layout of Facilities at Santa Cruz del Norte
Launch Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure S. Sketch of SHEET BEND Radar with Associated
Square Head Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure Q. Sketch of Cruise-Missile Shipping Crate . . . . . . . 11
Figure 10. Cruise-Missile Launch Site, Siguanea, Cuba
....................... 13
Figure 11. Layout of Facilities at Siguanea Launch Site . . . . 14
Figure 12. Locations of Cruise-Missile Sites, China . . . . . . 16
Figure 13. Launch Area at Lien-shan Cruise-Missile Site
25X1D .......................... 17
Figure 14. Support Facility at Lien-span Cruise-Missile
25X1 D Site is
Figure 15. Cruise-Missile Launch Site, Port Arthur, China
........................ 20
25X1 D 21
h
25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
Site . .
Figure 16. Layout of Facilities at Port Arthur Launc
Figure 17. locations of Cruise-Missile Sites, USSR . . . . . . . 22
Figure 18. Cruise-Missile Launch Site, Balaklava
....................... 23
Figure IQ. Layout of Facilities at Balaklava Launch Site . . . . 24
Figure 20. Cruise-Missile Launch Site, Staryy Kildin--Site 1
26
F=igure 21. Cruise-Missile Launch Site, Starve Kildin--Site 2
...... 27
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Cruise-missile sites discussed in this re-
port are located at or near Banes, Santa Cruz
del Norte, and Siguanea Airfield in Cuba; Lien-
shan and Port Arthur in China; and Balaklava,
Staryy Kildin, Karangit, and Nenoksa, in the
USSR.
These sites contain highly mobile equip-
ment and employ a missile that is an adapta-
tion of the KENNEL (AS-1) Air-to-Surface
Missile (ASM). The basic complement of equip-
ment identified at these coastal sites includes
two mobile launchers, two control and check-
out truck vans, two SHEET BEND radars
mounted on vans, a tall, truck-mounted prob-
able radar, a ? probable command post van,
missile transporters, missile shipping crates,
a truck-mounted crane, generator vans, and
tank trucks. Other components such as tracked
prime movers and miscellaneous cargo vehicles,
though preset at these sites, are not peculiar to
cruise-missile sites and could be replaced easily
with other equipment.
The cruise-missile launch site near Banes
(Figure 1) is located at 20-53-50N 75-38-15W
(LTM VV 338193 on AMS Series E 723, Sheet
5078 1) on gently sloping terrain with a mean
elevation of 250-330 feet above sea level. The
site was first identified under construction on
25X1 D photography of This facility is
considered the best example of a cruise-missile
site to date and, as such, contains what is be-
lieved to be a full complement of cruise-missile
equipment (Figures 2 and 3).
The site is located in an area of sparse
vegetation, the height of the trees being about.
-Little attempt has been made to utilize
this natural growth for overhead concealment;
however, almost every operational or support
element at the site has been covered with nets
or canvas or a combination of the two. Numer-
ous trenches and personnel emplacements are
located just inside the outer fence and at least
five guard towers are located along the outer
fence.
SANTA CRUZ DEL NORTE
25X1 D
25X1 D
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25X1 D
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25X1 D
25X1 D
An alternate site under construction was
identified on photography of
It is located 1.1 nautical miles (nm) north-
northeast of the original site at 20-59-40N 75-
37-50W. The alternate site consists of two
launch revetments and eight rectangular revet-
ments. One launch revetment is oriented due
east and the other due north. No cruise-missile
equipment has. been observed at this alternate
site to date.
The following description is a compilation of
information obtained from both high- and low-
altitude photography _(alI item numbers keyed to
Figure 4).
Two launch revetments (items 1 and 2). The
central area of each revetment is nearly cir-
cular and measures approximately 50 feet in
diameter. Each revetment contains a
long launcher. The distance between launch
25X1 D rails is
25X1 D
25X1 D
Two probable control /checkout revetments
(items 3 and 4). Each revetment measures 35 by
15 feet and contains a probable control /checkout
truck van with the van measuring approximately
Two radar revetments (items 5 and 6). Each
revetment contains a SHEET BEND radar van
with an associated SQUARE HEAD IFF antenpa.
Two power generator revetments (items 7
and 8). Each revetment measures 20 by 10 feet
and contains a power generator for the SHEET
BEND radar.
Probable radar revetment (item 9). This
revetment measures 35 by 20 feet63nd contains
a probable radar mounted on a mast mounted on
a flatbed truck. The probable radar is approxi-
mately 30 feet above ground level.
Probable commander post revetment (item
10). This revetment measures 45 by 15 feet
Four missile-hold revetments (items 11-
14). Each revetment measures approximately
60 by 15 feet. All except item 12 contain missile
transporters.
Unidentified revetment (item 15). Contains a
truck van with the van measuring approximately
Two probable utility trailer revetments
(items 16 and 17). Each revetment measures
about 30 by 10 feet and contains a probable
utility trailer.
Six unidentified revetments (items 18-23)_
One revetment (item 18) measures
-and contains a truck. Another (item 19)
measures approximately and is
unoccupied. The third (item 20) measures 30
by 10 feet and contains a truck. The fourth re-
vetment (item 21) measures 25 by 10 feet and is
unoccupied. The fifth revetment (item 22)
measures 75 by 15 feet and is unoccupied. The
sixth revetment (item 23) measures 100 by
15 feet and is unoccupied.
Revetment (item 24). Measures 60 by 15
feet, unoccupied, possibly used as a missile-hold
revetment.
Crane re-'etment (item 25). This revetment
measures 100 by 50 feet and contains two truck-
mounted cranes.
Missile transporters (item 26). Eight
canvas-covered missile transporters are lo-
cated throughout the site. The tractor is a
ZIL 157V and the canvas- v red portion of the
transporter measures
Missile shipping crates (item 27). The eight
missile shipping crates measur with
a height of about
Motor pool (item 28). The motor pool con-
tains eight AT-S tracked prime movers, two
and contains a van at least The vati%j bulldozers, two van-type cargo trucks, one GAZ-
probably functions as the command control and 69, two trailers, five unidentified trucks and two
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25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1D
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SECTION I
(Refer to Figure 2)
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FENCE
VEHICLE TRACK
TENT
VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT
REVETMENT
CANVAS OR NETTING
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25X1 D
25X1 D
Two trailer vans i item 29). Measuring
ro a e explosives storage (item 30). This
gable-roofed buried structure measures 30 by 15
feet and probably is used for the storage of ex-
plosives.
Buildings (item 31). There are four single-
story, gable-roofed, barracks-type buildings
under construction. The buildings are composed
of prefabricated sections. Two of these buildings
measure 110 by 35 feet and the other two
measure 95 by 35 feet.
Personnel shelters (item 32). Five person-
nel shelters or bunker entrances were observed.
Kitchen and mess tent area (item 33).
Laundry and shower area item 34's.
Two volleyball and one basketball court
(item 35).
Soccer field (item 36).
Other equipment identified throughout this
site includes five tents measurin
and 25 tents measuring
least ten single cots were observed alongside
one of the large tents. The tents probably
will b removed as the barracks are completed.
In addition to the above equipment, two tank
trucks, five cargo trucks (two van and three
open-bed type), two GAZ-69's, one cargo trailer
and one unidentified vehicle'were observed at
the site.
25X1 D
25X1 D
An operational cruise-missile launch site
similar to the one near Banes, Cuba, is lo-
cated at 23-09-OON 81-56-20W (IJTM 17Q\,MR
039603 on AMS Series E 723, Sheet 3885 III),
1.1 nm southwest of Santa Cruz del Norte and
.7 nm south of the-coast (Figure 1). The site--
oriented north toward the ocean--is situated
on a hill which has a mean elevation of 225 feet.
Cruise-missile equipment was first observed at
this site on high-altitude photography of^
The complement of o rational equipment is
basically the same as t at the Banes site
(Figure 4). Specifically, the site near Santa
Cruz del Norte contains two revetted launchers
with their respective probable control revet-
ments, eight camouflaged probable missile
transporters, two SHEET BEND radars with
their associated SQUARE HEAD antennas, an un-
identified probable radar mounted on a call mast,
missile crates, numerous buildings, a tent camp,
a motor pool, and two open storage areas.
A cruise missile positioned on a probable
dolly was identified at this site on high-altitude
photography of . Cruise missiles
have also been identified at Banes and the cruise-
missile launch site near Campo Floridoon high-
altitude photography. In dimensions and con-
figuration, these missiles are compatible with
the modified KENNEL ASM observed in a parade
in Havana on (Figure 5). The
cruise missiles identified in Cuba on high-alti-
tude photography may be modified KENNEL
ASv1s which have been adapted to a surface-to-
surface capability. The KENNEL measures ap-
proximately_in length and has a wing span
of 15-feet. The fuselage is tapered and measures
approximately in diameter.
The cruise-missile launch site near Santa
Cruz del Norte is depicted in Figures 6 and 7.
A textual description of significant features of
the site follows (item numbers are keyed to
Figure 7).
Two launch revetments (items 1 and 2).
Each revetment measures approximately 55 by
45 feet and is occupied by a canvas-covered
mobileolauncher oriented on an azimuth of 355-
360 degrees. The launchers are approximately
25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
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FIGURE 5. MODIFIED KENNEL MISSILE IN HAVANA PARADE
25X1 D long and have outriggers at about the
}
h
25X1 B
25X1 B
25X1 D
t ,e
midpoint on each side. I he degree to whic
Launch -~ ire a able of being, elevated is not
known
I'll iiSt-ATICC betweeT7 the launch rails is
from, A1i~:nnmentchocksfor matingthe
lat:nchez to It transporter ire Inca:Cd to the rear
launcher. -1he launch revetTne'nt- TrC sep i-
.
". d Center-to-cenieT by a distance 011 >-' feet
i ,.%o probable control revetments i_cros
i and -3 ~ . I ` , ~ - revel meili a aT"e C, I T 1 V, s e i': e re
ar.l e.,c:? contl1fS a prnhahlc :()n,ol y.tn. IInc
revetment item 3) measures can by 17) feet.
It located 225 feet east-soothe ist of the
25X1 D
east launcher and is connected by cable to
the east launch revetment. The second re-
vetment (item 4) measures approximately 50 by
1-5 feet. It is located 215 feet southwest of the
west launcher and is connected by cable to the
west launch revetment.
Two SHEET BEND radars (items F) and (1).
One SHEET BEND radar i item 5) is canvas
covered. It is connected by cable to the two
1,1u nch revetments items 1 and 2), the two
probable control revetments items 3 and 4).
and three c,,'rer revetments items ti. 10. and
12 1. -Ihe second SMEL=T 1B1-NIA radar item 6)
also is canyis covered. It is located north of
a probable generator revetment (item Q. 1 his
type of radar (1 igure S) has been identified at
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FIGURE 6. CRUISE-MISSILE LAUNCH SITE NEAR SANTA CRUZ DEL NORTE, CUBA
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25X1 D
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25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
FIGURE 8. SKETCH OF SHEET BEND RADAR WITH ASSOCI-
ATED SQUARE HEAD ANTENNA.
three other cruise-missile sites in Cuba and
at a radar sc9iool near Mariel, Cuba. It is mounted near the rear of a box-bod trailer
which measures approximately
The reflector--a truncated paraboloid meas-
uring approximately -is mounted
on a pedestal and is Inge so that it can be
angled downward to a stowed or transport
position. Power is supplied from below by
means of a feed arm. Mounted on the front
end of the trailer is a SQUARE HEAD IFF
interrogator which measures approximately m
nd the mast appears to telescope.
Probable radar revetment (item 7). This
revetment is canvas covered and measures ap-
proximately 45 by 15 feet. It is occupied by a
tall, unidentified probable radar. The revet-
ment is located on the south edge of another
revetment (item 10) containing an unidentified
piece of equipment.
Two probable generator revetments items
8 and 9). One revetment (item 8) is canvas
covered and measures approximately 30 by
10 feet. It is located southeast of one SHEET
BEND radar (item 5). This revetment is oc-
cupied by a probable power generator. The
second revetment (item 9) is partially canvas
covered and measures approximately 60 by
15 feet. It is located southwest of a probable
missile-hold revetment (item 11), and is oc-
cupied by a probable power generator similar
to the one at the first probable generator re-
vetment (item 8). This generator is used
in support of the second SHEET BEND radar
(item 6).
Possible generator revetment (item 10).
'T'his revetment is canvas covered and meas-
ures approximately 60 by 15 feet. It is con-
nected by cable to the two launch revetments
(items 1 and 2), one of the two probable con-
trol revetments (item 4) and probably the other
(item 3), one of the SHEET BEND radars
(item 5), one of the probable generator revet-
ments (item 8), and an unidentified revetment
(item 12). The possible generator revetment is
occupied by an unidentified piece of a ui ment
measuring approximately The
cable leads to this revetment and its location
within the site are similar to corresponding
features of the possible power generator at
the cruise-missile site near Banes.
Probable missile-hold revetment (item 11).
This revetment is canvas covered and measures
approximately 80 by 15 feet. It is located 225
feet west of the west launch revetment (item 2).
The revetment is probably occupied and may
function as a hold position for missiles. How-
ever, the exact function of the revetted equip-
ment is undetermined.
Unidentified revetment (item 12). This re-
vetment is canvas covered and measures ap-
proximately 40 by 10 feet. It is located just
south of one SHEET BEND radar (item 5). It is
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^
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25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 D
25X1 B
25X1 D
connected by cable to the two launch revetments
(items 1 and 2), the two probable control re-
vetments (items 3 and 4), one probable gs?erator
revetment (item 8), and the possible generator
revetment (item 10). The revetment is probably
occupied; however, the exact function of the re-
vetted equipment is undetermined.
Missile shipping crates (item 13). These two
shipping crates are canvas coveredjd measure
bracing for additional support has been employed
hey stand aboutm
high and have flat roofs with beveled edges.
undetermined use. The other end has a door
which provides access to the missile. The
crates appear to be constructed of wood. A
unitized type of construction with external
Open storage area (item 14). On earlier
coverage, this open storage area contained six
canvas-covered missile shipping crates (item
13) and unidentified supplies. Two more shipping
crates were added in here are
ten shipping crates in all at the site.
Tent (item 15). This cross-shaped tent, 45
by 40 feet, probably functions as a checkout fa-
cility for missiles. A cruise missile on a proba-
25X1 D ble dolly was identified near this tent in
25X1 D
25X1 D
parade (Figure 5). With this exception, the
transporters have all been canvas covered on
available photography. They measure
overall, with the canvas-covered portion--the
trailer--measuring- The trailer is a
low-boy type. The missile rides on a double-
rail carriage hinged to the trailer just off the
trailing edges of the missile wings. The rails
mate with the two corresponding rails on the
launcher. The tractor is a ZIL-157V.
Unidentified objects (item 17). The two
unidentified objects are canvas covered.
Motor pool (item 18). The motor pool con-
tains two bulldozers, two generator trailers,
and four canvas-covered pieces of equipment.
Guard post (item 19). The guard post--a
single-story structure--measures 5 by 5 feet
and has a traffic control gate.
Two AT-S (item 20). These tracked prime
movers are probably used to pull the trailer vans.
Unidentified canvas-covered equipment
(item 21).
Microwave tower (item 22). The orientation
of the twin dishes is undetermined.
Communications facility (item 23). Thefa-
cility consists of one stick mast with an associ-
ated canvas-covered van.
Unidentified revetment (item 24). This re-
vetment is canvas covered and measures approx-
imately 40 by 10 feet. Ii is located west-north-
west of the west launch revetment (item 2). The
revetment is probably occupied; however, the
exact function of the revetted equipment is un-
determined.
Buildings (items 25-36). With the exception
of one building which is still under construction
(item 36), the following buildings predate the
missile installation but appear to be integral
parts of its support facilities. The buildings--
all single story--have either flat or gabled
roofs. One (item 29) has an irregular configura-
tion.
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Probable missile transporters (item 16).
Eight probable missile transporters are located
in a heavily wooded area under canvas stretched
between trees. An uncovered transporter of this
type was displayed in the Havana
25X1 D
25X1 D
 25X1 B
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Item Roof Configuration
Two volleyball courts (items 37 and 38).
Open storage area (item 39). This open
storage area contains at least 40 probable 55-
gallon drums.
Other equipment observed at the site at
various times includes five large tents meas-
uring approximately 30 by 20 feet each, 15
smaller tents ranging in size from 20 by 20
25
Gable
35 x
25
26
Flat
40 x
30
27
Gable
35 x
25
25
Gable
55 x
10
29
Gable
200 x
70
30
Gable
100 x
20
31
Gable
15 x
10
32
Gable
50 x 25
33
Gable
40 x 35
34
Flat
40 x 20
35
Flat
20 x 10
36
U,'C
20 x 10
two trucks, one tank truck, 25X1 D
one mo i e crane, and more than 40 personnel
emplacements.
The Siguanea Cruise-Missile Site (Figure 1)
is located at 21-37-45N 82-58-20W (UTM 17
QKP959922 on AMS 3681 111) on the south
coast of the Isle of Pines. Siguanea Airfield
and an SA-2 SAM site are located, respectively,
1.1 nm northeast and .6 nm east of the cruise-
missile site.
Unlike the site near Santa Cruz del Norte,
which is located in an area of dense vegetation,
the Siguanea site (Figure 10) has little or no
natural cover. Nevertheless the equipment at
the site has been heavily concealed with canvas
and natural materials.
The launchers, radars and launch control
equipment have been positioned on a prominent
knoll with an elevation of about 130 feet. The
missile-hold revetments missile crates, and
checkout tent are located on a small plateau
situated between this knoll and a higher hillock to
the rear which rises to a height of over 200 fcl%t.
A SHEET BEND radar has been identified
on top of this hill, but no cable connection with
the launch area is visible.
The launchers are reverted and
excavations have been dug in the small rise just
north of the launchers. The radars and control
equipment have been placed in the excavations
and have been canvas covered.
Defensive measures near the site consist of
personnel emplacements around the periphery of
the site and approximately .7 miles of beach
defenses, consisting of two obstacles. The first
of these obstacles is a tetrahedron, probably in-
terlaced with wire and located near the water's
edge or awash. The second is wire fence
feet from the water.
site follows (item numbers keyed to Figure 11).
Each revetment is occupied by a mobile launcher;
250 feet. The launcher to the south is oriented at
other is 25X1 D
oriented at approximately The
orientation of the launchers is divergent in the
general downrange direction. At Banes they con-
verge and at Santa Cruz they are parallel.
Two probable control/checkout emplace-
ments (items 3 and 4). The precise location of
the two probable control/ checkout vans was not
identified; however, cable traces, sizeandposi-
tion of these emplacements indicate that these
items are the most logical candidates.
Two radar emplacements (items 5 and 6).
Each emplacement contains a SHEET BEND
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PERSONNEL
EMPLACEMENTS`
ROAD
VENICLE Q ACK
_________ TRAIL
- FENCE
REVETMENT
MOUND
? TENT
SAM SITE AND