POSSIBLE SOLID PROPELLANT TEST FACILITIES NEAR LENINGRAD, USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78T05439A000400030006-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Sequence Number: 6
• Content Type: REPORT

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ILLEGIB
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July ,1964
POSSIBLE SOLID PROPELLANT
N~AR LENINGRAD,
i
'DECLASSIFICATION REVIEW BY NIMA / DoD 1 ,
CIA DIA
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PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION REPORT
POSSIBLr SOLID. PROPELLANT TEST
Yr
FACILITIES
NEAR LENINGRAD, USSR,
N
N P I C./R-567.'64
July 1964
NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC IN RPRETATION CENTER
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LENIN G'R ?D
(ti :Y.O VO
A I R F I E L D
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Four installations possibly >sociateJ wirji
solid propellant testing are located northeast
of Leningrad, USSR. 1 hree of the installations
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appe;+r to"tk -.olid propellant test facilities, and
the fourth is a pro)ecfile test range: All four
facilities have been built since '' orld War II.
INTRODUCT1.0N
A number of artillery or missile testing
facilities are located in a wcxide-d and tx~ggy.
wasteland northeast of Leningrad, U>K (Fig-
ure 1 ). Four of these installations, all of which
appear to haver functions`- -related to solid pro-
pellant testing, are described in this` "report.
Three of these appear to be solid propellant
test facilities, and the fourth is a projectile
test range which is 10 nautical mile, (nrn) in
fentth. -hyo of the test facilities and the pro-
jectile test range are situated northeast"-of
Toksovo. The projectile test range was huiltn-
$ott-tt~~etime between 1943 and 196l ; the two test
facilities were' also built afte4 1943, the one:
farthest from .- oksovo having madex its ap-
pearance since 4,962. The fourth installation
is located north-- 'northwest of Vsevolozhskiv
(Figure&_l) and was built sometime after 1944.
NEW POSSIBLE SOLID PROPELLANT TEST SITE'
Of the four installations to be discussed in
this report, the one farthest to the northeast of
Tokriovo (Figure 1) is identified as a possible
solid propellant test site and is relatively new.
It was not present in was observed
under constructs in and appeared
complete in therefore,. it is des-
~ignated. as the "new" possibl solid propellant
test site in this repot to distinguish it from
the other three, itrstallatlons. Situated at 60-
15N - 30-44E,' the site' is 23 nm northeast of
Leningrad and 9 nr r northeast of I'oksovo.
Three other facilities situated in-the same
general 'area northeast of Leningrad are not
discussed here because they have been described =
briefly in an earlier report. 1/ They are (1)
a moving target range loclled at by-22N 30-
3'1_, (2) a plant using or processing explosive
n aterials at, f+;letx,\ 30-291;, and (3) an ex-
plosives. storage area az .60-06N 30-27E.
I he L >K is reported to be +ngprimarily
Colloidal (,double basef solid propellants which
arir closely related to artillery propellants.
Consequently, the four installations considered
in this repor-u could be tchting either rocket, or
artillery prop ?llant.s. 1h ey may be related to 25X1
the Leningrad \lunitions Loading and Storage
Plant Kra.snoye Z_namers
and the Leningrad Chemical ant Okh_tc_n_s_k71y_
Ibis new facility consists of a double-fenced
area containing five revetle4 probable horizontal
test posit4ons, a control structure, and various
support structures (figures:2 and 3). Theprob-
af>le test , positions >lon.sist of five i L'-shaped -,
revetments, each of which encloses an area
measurin about 130,by 1(X.feet. In each of the
en~loseJ areas are f ve--or six small objects
arranged in?a symrnct 'cal pattern (inset, Fig-_
ure 3 j. I he.-;e objects re possibly related to
test operations with fun Lions such as tie-down,-
remote control, and observation. Outsideandto
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the rear of each revetment is a rectancular ob-
jeca abutting thy; .car of the r'cvetrncnt all, and
a ,smaller objcct is situated near the rear of
.thc rcctan ular oh ct.
Probable l'ipc1cable -ar-, load from :hc
prob.lblc tc-t revetments to Y probable control
structure which is centrally located to their
}ear. snow melt ilonc the and on the
hacks Oft` c r_ .,tm nt~ in~lic,rtc that the scars
may contain am link. the opn ends of the
revetment., front on a loot, --' sd, and the woods
arc cIc tr ,l hick iO r}lar Jirectjn at i5o
feet frcrrn the nt
the prc,{~ahle cun:rol s ucturo 1 s app~1x-
irnately 401 fee from h ? n - irm t revetn- nt.
I he side of thi sr ru tun f rcI!i t the r~ yetm r,:
. I
FIGURE 2. NEN POSS'BLE SOLID PROPELLANT
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is protected .by a blast w--a11, and the ends of the
structure are mounded uith earth.
Iwo other L-Ihape i revetments are ob-
served at this sitet,' oxle tit each en-1 of the row
of five probable teat reve.t.Lents. 1 he one at th?~
western end conta ns a shop-type building,. the
other htias a ra,!`ip leading to it top, and its
vertical walls 'yuggesz the existence of a }i-sible
Lattice tower
Building
Building foundation
?*~~ Earth-^our ied building
Rewet1ent-
Road
Fence
--UniderNtitied trace
Probable pipe cable scar
FIGURE 3. NEW POSSIBLE SOLID PROFELLANT TES ITE A':G INSET DRAdiru; OF C1`If OF THE FIVE SIMILAR PROBABLE
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t: uctLi re: Ix neat:r the revetrnent. I-our of the
tine } :ubabie tint ~x~inis can be seen from its.
top, -
ether facilitl.e, at tlif s eincludean earth-
niut:nded -ti~ra~c building, in -the woods to the
rear of the probable test ~~r~tments,two~heds,
arfd a tall lattice tower. A stung plant and two
other .buildup are Just outside the wept fence.
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PROBABLE SOLID PROPELLANT TEST SITE
test fir in4 rather than burnia:. The extreme
simplicity of the site and the indicated hori-
r.ontal fir in;; suggest ;he testing of solid pro-
}kIla nt . r
Otter facilities at this -ite inklude an
e:art`1-[nound~d ir) ilti~ ec>ntrol structure, three
other earth-aniwndcd st.rueture one revetment,
and at least five' Ixassible ob-ervation points.
Of the latter, at least t1iree are small struc-
tures above ground and two are Jug in. A
,all crescent--heaped -iructure consisting of six
upri ht= wish i horizontal cap on top of'the -
upri. his occupies in isolated position on the
,.cester'n side of the site. the function of this
structure is unknown, anti it is probably ex-
traneous to the site. -Service roads extend to
each of the' test points, and the installation is
\ probable .solid propellant test site is
situated at 0u- L2N 30-421:, 7 run nor*_~ea-t of
loksovo and 20 nm northeast- of I_enincrad,
LSSRZ (Figure 1 It .% as not present in 1043
but was probably present in
the nst alla`ion is secured by a double fence
and uard i&. ers \1= igures "4 and S). \1. ithin
the f -need area are- four firing positions and
one ssible firing; position which appear to 'be
sm al . notches ut in Io' cliffs, and there is
also a revetted possible burn area. Iwo blast
Marks and a possible: burn scar were visible
in the snow on , and?two blast
marks and one probable blast mark were vis-
,Figure 3). the blast
ible on
F
marks are,e.stimated? to range between 15,0 and
330 feet in length: their lack of symmetry
suggests multiple firings at each point; however,
the marks arc directional enough to indicate
served by it road.
POSSIBLE SOLID PROPELLANT PROCESSING AND TEST SITE
\ possible solid propellant processvn>t and
test site is. situared at 60-03` 30-361;_; 3 nm
west-southwest of th4 Leningrad/Uglovo Air
field, :3 nri north -north,.c(rst' of %"sevolozhskiy,
and 10 nib' northeast of Leningrad . I;F igure 1).
probable support area is Situated iinmedi-
ately sot::h of the site (1 igure 6).
I he site is secured by a double fence with
guard toKv-ers and is served by a.branch rail
line' R nm in length which was built for the site
(Figure 7), the area within the fence is di-
vided into a processing section, a probable
to-;t section,' and s materials-handling 4ec4ion.
Most, of the operational facilities of these three
sections are either revetted by banks of earth
..or are sited in cuts that have been dug into three
sides of a hill wh`1ch constitutes the principal
terrain feature of the site- A road which
serves: the operationa facilities circle's the
hill.'
Several of the buildings and the blast walls
in the materials-handling section as well as
the probable support area were present in
1043.. I he proce-.sing and probab test sec-
tions cipid the branch rail line we e built be-
tween 1944 and 114()l. One or more if the prob-
able. test cells were possibly added tween 1961
and 1963.
the processing section contai s eight re-
vc'tte l shop-t\ipc buildings includi g four high
one-story or multistory building, and four un-
revetted high shop-type buildings. A low build-
ing is connected to one of the unr vetted shop-
type buildings by a straight group scar..
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lhe-
jioss:ible
.pairs of
test section gonsists of i; reVettc-i
control btAlding (Lt-shaped)j and two
L;-shaped' revetments.: I wb of the
revetments. (inset A, Figure 7) ark each occur
pied by a small: shed and by a small, multi;}
- sectioned structurt? with several different roof
revels. These mul't isect ioned `structures are
1}robablg' test cells, and each is connected-. to
the probable coinxrol."building by a pipe cable.
The s
ctures? `in; the other two revetments
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which could be tested .wx uld be limited by the
'distance to the woods. No flushing facilities
?w
l he n terials-handling sectioo (Figure 7)
contains a rail--to-road transfer facility an.
open storage of erplca_sive, materials. Blast
walls protect-the, rail-to-road transfer portion
of [Ills section on the southern and eastern
sides-. Two rail-mounted bridge. cranes ate
present. which would indicate that heavy items
are handled, including shipping crates which -
are' visible in this- area. _ At the north*estern
,iir- of revatmet'ats. I-he;5e structures inset 13 . end of the section is I '-s shaped revetment used
iare also multisectioned
but :are larger than tn~ structures in the other
are 'probably horiizcsntal test cells. ()iatinguish for open storage, a men thle crane is located
04 ing '=features of both of. the, ;e structures are
flarin" g "}.corn-sf1aped" sections'aI the ends facing
out of tlae l'-shaped revetments. The height of
the'flar' l ends is estimated to be approximately
20 feet. I"wo pipe galleries,or lowpassagewavsy
connect each prof)-able test cell with a building
to iks rear. (Y me of these%uildings either is on
a terrace or is protected by a revetment. Iiae',
other revetment is terms ed' to the rear of the'
probable test cell, and a small.- structure is,
located on the terrace. The horn-shaped ends
of the probable test cells are about 21)0 feet
from a clump of woods on the far side of? the
perimeter road. Since these woods have not
been cleared, the site of the propellant grains
The
northe~st
within this revetment. Protected from there-il-
to-road transfer portion of the section is an area
i the southeastern end of the section which is
reverted on two side-. "This revetted area con-
tend seven:' buildings including twb that are
separately revotted. The rail facilities include
several reverted or dispersed sidings: three
rail cars cat be' seen on one of'these sidings oti
photograph'. of 0 , l igure 6 North of
tkae materials-handling section and outside the
security fence is in-eatit-west line of 12pads or
revetments (nc f shown) which are.possrble ar-
tillci:y firing points. the-y are'oot in line with
the projectile testing. range and'co not appear
active.
PROJECTILE TEST RANGE
projectile test range extends east figuration on the eastern. side. Lattice towers
fr(5m- a point (6b-10N: 30-3BE) 3 nm. an estitnated 3,300 feet apart have been built
~ ,. _ . .. _~ __ _.~ ,_....... ~_,.... tie
of -I'oksovo
Leningrad to-,h point
north- of Vuoloyarvi
apprpximately 10 n
The
the
res 11nd !i ). It is
arni 5,O00 feet wide.
western side and in an even nwtooth con-
cleared. -stri'i). 1hese'towers? have a field of
view of- at least 130 degrees.- They are prob-
ably optical tracking towers for :determiningthe
flight characteristics of profectiles,'4. ,
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woods
(60-19` - 30-45L.), Just
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Tower
Building
Revetment
Embankment
Road
FIGURE 7. POSSIBLE SOLID PROPELLANT PROCESSING AND TEST SITE.
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\PR K'-56' '64
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