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• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 26
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 29, 2005
• Sequence Number: 2
• Content Type: LIST

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 Approved For Release 2005/04/21 : CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
This handbook on the international trade of the People's Republic of China
(PRC) was prepared as a research aid and is the third in this series.* It contains
the following information: a short text setting the trade of the PRC in perspective,
assessing PRC trade during 1973, and giving a preliminary estimate of the likely
level of China's international. trade during 1974; and an appendix, comprising
Tables 1 through 11, which cover trade trends, trading partners, and commodity
composition.
The statistical data for this handbook are based on the official statistics of
the trading partners of the PRC. where available. Statistics for the PRC's trade
with the non-Communist developed countries are essentially complete, but statistics
for its trade with the less developed countries are fragmentary. Statistics on the
PRC's trade with the USSR and most East European countries are available.
Statistics are not available for other Communist countries, and estimates for these
countries are based on trade agreements and other trade indicators. Non-Communist
trade statistics have been adjusted to place Chinese trade on an export f.o.b. and
import c.i.f. basis.** In addition. adjustments have been made for double counting,
such as Chinese re-exports through Hong Kong. Because of rounding, components
in the statistical tables may not add to the totals shown.
The grouping of non-Communist countries is as follows: (1) developed
countries, including Australia. Japan, and New Zealand in East Asia and the Pacific;
all countries except Spain and Portugal in Western Europe: Canada and the United
States in North America; and South Africa: (2) less developed countries, including
all other East Asian and Pacific countries; all Near East and South Asian and Pacific
countries; all countries in Latin America except Cuba. and all countries in Africa
except South Africa: and (3) Hong Kong and Macao.
* - Earlier issues under the same title were dated December 1972 and October 1973.
"? The value of imports, which are shown on a c.i.f. basis, is the value of goods delivered to Chinese
docks, including insurance and freight charges. The value of exports, which are shown on an f.o.b. basis,
is the value of goods loaded on board ship in Chinese ports.
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STATINTL
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 ~1A
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Research Aid
People's Republic of China:
International Trade Handbook
A (ER) 74-63
September 1974
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This publication is prepared for the use of U.S. Government
officials. The format, coverage, and contents of the publi-
cation are designed to meet the specific requirements of
governmental users. All inquiries concerning this document
from non-U.S. Government users are to be addressed to:
Document Expediting (DOCEX) Project
Exchange and Gift Division
Library of Congress
Washington, D.C. 20540
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CH AID
People's Republic of China:
International Trade Handbook
September 1974
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 Approved For Release 2005/04/21 : CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
This handbook on the international trade of the People's Republic of China
(PRC) was prepared as a research aid and is the third in this series. * It contains
the following information: a short text setting the trade of the PRC in perspective,
assessing PRC trade during 1973, and giving a preliminary estimate of the likely
level of China's international trade during 1974; and an appendix, comprising
Tables I through 11, which cover trade trends, trading partners, and commodity
composition.
The statistical data for this handbook are based on the official statistics of
the trading partners of the PRC, where available. Statistics for the PRC's trade
with the non-Communist developed countries are essentially complete, but statistics
for its trade with the less developed countries are fragmentary. Statistics on the
PRC's trade with the USSR and most East European countries are available.
Statistics are not available for other Communist countries, and estimates for these
countries are based on trade agreements and other trade indicators. Non-Communist
trade statistics have been adjusted to place Chinese trade on an export f.o.b. and
import c.i.f. basis.** In addition, adjustments have been made for double counting,
such as Chinese re-exports through Hong Kong. Because of rounding, components
in the statistical tables may not add to the totals shown.
The grouping of non-Communist countries is as follows: (1) developed
countries, including Australia, Japan, and New Zealand in East Asia and the Pacific;
all countries except Spain and Portugal in Western Europe; Canada and the United
States in North America; and South Africa; (2) less developed countries, including
all other East Asian and Pacific countries; all Near East and South Asian and Pacific
countries; all countries in Latin America except Cuba; and all countries in Africa
except South Africa; and (3) Hong Kong and Macao.
* Earlier issues under the same title were: Research Aid A 72-38, December 1972, and Research Aid
A 73-29, October 1973.
** The value of imports, which are shown on a c.i.f. basis, is the value of goods delivered to Chinese
docks, including insurance and freight charges. The value of exports, which are shown on an f.o.b. basis,
is the value of goods loaded on board ship in Chinese ports.
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Page
Trade in Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Patterns of Trade in 1973 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I
Major New Policy Decision in 1973 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Agricultural Imports on the Upswing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Huge Orders for Machinery and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Drive to Increase Export Earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Partial Trade Returns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
High Prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
The Canton Fairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Major Partners in 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Appendix
1. China: Balance of Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2. China: Trade by Area and Country . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3. China: Trade by Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4. China: Major Trading Partners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5. China: Commodity Composition of Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
6. China: Commodity Composition of Exports . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
7. China: Commodity Composition of Imports . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
8. China: Commodity Composition of Trade
with Non-Communist Countries, 1972 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
9. China: Commodity Composition of Trade
with Non-Communist Countries, 1973 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
10. China: Imports of Grain and Chemical Fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . 15
11. China: Contracts for Whole Plant Imports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 1. China: Trade Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Figure 2. China: Balance of Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Figure 3. China: Geographic Distribution of Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
i
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PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
INTERNATIONAL TRADE HANDBOOK
Trade in Perspective
1. The People's Republic of China (PRC) is not a major trading nation by
international standards. Total trade of the United States in 1973 was about 15
times that of China, and it was only last year that the level of Chinese trade
surpassed that of Taiwan. Moreover, total PRC trade is a relatively low percentage
of gross national product -- about 5% in 1973. This is not surprising for a major
country that has a massive population, a large domestic market, and low per capita
income.
2. Although the PRC plays a minor role in international commerce, foreign
trade plays a major role in stabilizing and developing China's domestic economy.
China depends on agricultural imports to help feed and clothe its huge population.
The PRC relies on imports of machinery and equipment, metals, and advanced
technology to support the growth and modernization of the industrial sector of
its economy.
3. China's foreign trade in 1973 soared to US $9.9 billion (see Figure 1),
an increase in dollar value of 67% over 1972, perhaps 25% in real terms.
Revaluations of world currencies and worldwide inflation contributed heavily to
the massive jump in dollar value. Imports grew faster than exports, and for the
first time in three years China incurred a trade deficit. Unprecedented imports
of agricultural products led to a deficit of $370 million with the non-Communist
countries (see Figure 2). Despite an increased surplus with the Communist
countries, PRC trade showed an overall deficit of $80 million.
4. The non-Communist countries increased their share of China's trade in
1973 to more than 80%, as trade with the developed countries grew by more
than 90%. Figure 3 shows the geographic distribution of PRC trade. Japan remained
the largest trading partner as Sino-Japanese trade reached the $2 billion mark, and
the United States moved ahead of Hong Kong to become China's number two
trading partner. Sino-Soviet trade increased in dollar value, but the USSR dropped
to the number eight position from number five in 1972.
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Major New Policy Decisions in 1973
5. In 1973, Peking took several important steps that not only affected
current trade but also promised to greatly influence trade through the remainder
of the decade. China:
? imported a record amount of agricultural products and signed contracts
for even larger deliveries in 1974;
? launched a multibillion dollar program to import whole industrial plants
and other machinery and equipment from the West;
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? tempered its longstanding conservative policy toward the use of credit
by financing a large part of its purchases of whole plants under deferred
payments; and
? stepped up efforts to boost hard currency earnings and become a net
exporter of petroleum, a commodity that promises to become a major
source of foreign exchange earnings in the next few years.
Agricultural Imports on the Upswing
6. A below-average harvest in 1972 led China to import a huge amount
of agricultural products in 1973 and contract for even higher imports in 1974.
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PRC imports of grain, cotton, soybeans, vegetable oil, and sugar totaled about
$1.3 billion in 1973 and are expected to reach $2 billion in 1974. The United
States was a major supplier last year and will be again in 1974. Grain imports
may increase from 7.7 million metric tons in 1973 to about 10 million tons this
year. China signed three year (1974-76) grain contracts with Canada, Australia,
and Argentina, calling for delivery of a maximum of 4.8 million tons annually.
Over and above these three-year contracts, Peking has purchased additional
quantities of grain from Canada, Australia, and Argentina and will import wheat
from France for the first time since 1970.
Huge Orders for Machinery and Equipment
7. To speed the modernization of industry, the PRC has been purchasing
enormous amounts of Western machinery and technology. Imports of machinery
and equipment totaled $855 million in 1973, of which imports from the
non-Communist countries doubled to more than $500 million. In 1973, China
signed contracts for whole plants and other machinery and equipment worth almost
$2.5 billion. Most of the $1.2 billion in whole plants purchased will produce
chemical fertilizer, man-made fibers, and petroleum-based plastics. Other purchases
include transport equipment, machinery for the mining and petroleum industries,
and dredgers for port improvement. Deliveries under contracts negotiated last year
have begun on a large scale in 1974 and will continue for the next several years.
8. Since the beginning of this year, China has purchased plants worth almost
$750 million from companies in Japan and Western Europe. The biggest deal is
a $430 million steel-rolling complex to be supplied by West German and Japanese
firms. If contracts are signed on a number of plants under negotiation, the level
of whole plant purchases will approach the $1 billion level. Orders for other
machinery and equipment, however, are lagging considerably behind last year's total.
Drive to Increase Export Earnings
9. The rapid growth of Chinese imports in 1973 was accompanied by action
to increase China's export earnings. Prices for many Chinese goods were raised
to world market levels. China opened new markets in Asia, Africa, and the Western
Hemisphere. China prodded its light industry to supply new and better export
products, and Peking benefited from record world prices for its rice exports. Most
important, the PRC became a net exporter of petroleum in 1973. Last year, China
earned about $35 million from sales of crude oil and refined products to Japan
5
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and Hong Kong. This year, China should easily earn $350 million from exporting
petroleum to Japan, Hong Kong, Thailand, and possibly other countries.
10. Rising prices for major Chinese imports, together with larger quantities
of imported agricultural products and machinery and equipment, point to a
continued growth in the value of China's trade this year. Total trade should increase
by 30% to 40% in dollar terms to $13 billion to $14 billion. Imports will again
exceed exports, and China is likely to incur a trade deficit of roughly $1 billion
with non-Communist trading partners.
11. Trade data for several months of 1974 with 11 of China's non-Communist
trading partners show an increase of 64% over the same period in 1973, with exports
lowing by 45% and imports by 80%. The following tabulation compares China's
trade returns for early 1974 with the same period in 1973:
Total
United States Jan-Jul
Australia Jan-Jun
Japan Jan-Jun
Singapore Jan-Jun
United Kingdom Jan-Jun
West Germany Jan-May
Canada Jan-Apr
Hong Kong Jan-Apr
France Jan-Mar
Sweden Jan-Mar
Switzerland Jan-Mar
1973
1974
Percent
Increase
2,010
3,287
64
222
668
201
92
218
137
864
1,382
60
119
173
45
144
152
6
158
176
11
113
118
4
210
283
35
56
75
34
16
23
44
16
19
19
These 11 countries accounted for 60% of total PRC trade in 1973. Trade with
the remainder of China's trading partners, particularly the Communist countries,
will show smaller rates of growth.
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High Prices
12. Soaring world prices, which contributed heavily to the increase in the
dollar value of Chinese trade last year, will continue to influence the value of
trade this year. Prices for agricultural products, fertilizer, and steel - imports that
cost the Chinese $2.5 billion in 1973 - are sharply higher this year. Higher prices
for other products will similarly inflate the total value of Chinese foreign trade
this year, even with no rise in the volume.
13. The business conducted at the semiannual Canton Trade Fairs provides
some evidence of China's trade prospects for 6 to 12 months after a fair is held.
Transactions at the 1973 fall fair reached a record $1.3 billion. Exports sales
probably accounted for about two-thirds of the total. The value of transactions
at the 1974 spring fair, however, was down by about 40% from last fall. The
decline in sales at the spring fair will tend to lower the level of Chinese exports
later in the year. Increased sales of petroleum, however, could more than offset
the decline in exports of items traditionally offered at the Canton fairs. The trade
fairs are a less accurate indicator of total Chinese imports because most major
import contracts are concluded outside the fair structure.
Major Partners in 1974
14. The United States will probably remain China's second largest trading
partner in 1974, after Japan. Sino-US trade in 1974 is expected to reach $1.2
billion, of which $1.1 billion will be Chinese imports. Agricultural products will
again dominate PRC imports. Deliveries of US grain will be lower than 1973, but
higher grain prices and substantially larger quantities of cotton and soybeans will
boost the value of imports of farm products. The second half of the $150 million
Boeing contract was completed this year; deliveries are beginning on the $200
million worth of ammonia plants and the $40 million worth of other machinery
and equipment purchased from the United States in 1973.
15. Sino-Japanese trade may approach $3 billion in 1974. The Chinese deficit
may increase slightly from the $165 million level of 1973. Japanese shipments
are beginning on 1973 contracts for whole plants and other equipment. Imports
of Japanese steel will reach a record 3 million tons in 1974. Japanese fertilizer
sales, on the other hand, may fall as a result of supply shortages. The major factor
7
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in increased Chinese exports to Japan will be the delivery of 4 million tons (80,000
barrels per day) of crude oil worth more than $300 million.
16. In 1974, Western Europe will remain a major source of metals, machinery,
and high-technology equipment. China's other major grain suppliers - Canada,
Australia, and Argentina - will post sizable gains in trade with the PRC. Hong
Kong will continue as China's leading export market. Chinese trade with the less
developed countries will expand further, particularly with Southeast Asia. 'Trade
with the Communist countries will show only moderate gains over 1973.
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1950
1,210
620
590
30
350
210
140
70
860
410
450
- 40
1951
1,900
780
1,120
-340
975
465
515
- 50
920
315
605
-290
1952
1,890
875
1,015
-140
1,315
605
710
-105
575
270
305
- 35
1953
2,295
1,040
1,255
-215
1,555
670
885
-215
740
370
370
....
1954
2,350
1,060
1,290
-230
1,735
765
970
-205
615
295
320
- 25
1955
3,035
1,375
1,660
-285
2,250
950
1,300
-350
785
425
360
65
1956
3,120
1,635
1,485
150
2,055
1,045
1,010
35
1,065
590
475
115
1957
3,055
1,615
1,440
175
1,965
1,085
880
205
1,090
530
560
- 30
1958
3,765
1,940
1,825
115
2,380
1,280
1,100
180
1,385
660
725
- 65
1959
4,290
2,230
2,060
170
2,980
1,615
1,365
250
1,310
615
695
--80
1960
3,990
1,960
2,030
- 70
2,620
1,335
1,285
50
1,370
625
745
-120
1961
3,020
1,530
1,495
35
1,685
965
715
250
1,335
560
775
- 215
1962
2,675
1,525
1,150
375
1,410
915
490
425
1,265
605
660
- 55
1.963
2,770
1,570
1,200
370
1,250
820
430
390
1,525
755
770
-15
1964 .
3,220
1,750
1,470
280
1,100
710
390
320
2,120
1,040
1,080
- 40
1965
3,880
2,035
1,845
190
1,165
650
515
135
2,715
1,385
1,330
55
1966
4,245
2,210
2,035
175
1,090
585
505
80
3,155
1,625
1,530
95
1967 .
3,895
1,945
1,950
- 5
830
485
345
140
3,065
1,460
1,605
-145
1968
3,765
1,945
1,820
125
840
500
340
160
2,925
1,445
1,480
- 35
1969
3,860
2,030
1,830
200
785
490
295
195
3,075
1,540
1,535
5
1970
4,290
2,050
2,240
-190
860
480
380
100
3,430
1,570
1,860
-290
1971
4,720
2,415
2,305
110
1,085
585
500
85
3,635
1,830
1,805
25
1972
5,920
3,085
2,835
250
1,275
740
535
205
4,645
2,345
2,300
45
1973 .
9,870
4,895
4,975
- 80
1,700
995
705
290
8,170
3,900
4,270
-370
9
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Table 2
China: Trade by Area and Country 1
1971 1972
Area and Country
Turn-
over
Ex-
ports
Im-
ports
Balance
Turn-
over
Ex-
ports
Im-
ports
Balance
Turn-
over
Ex-
ports
Im-
ports
Balance
Total All Countries
4,720
2,415
2,305
110
5,920
3,085
2,835
250
9,870
4,895
4,975
-81)
Non-Communist Countries
3.635
1,830
1,805
25
4,645
2,345
2,300
45
8,170
3,900
4,270
-- 370
Developed Countries
2,240
810
1,430
-620
2,740
1,070
1,670
600
5,260
1,805
3,455
-1,651)
Nast Asia and Pacific
1 , 005
365
640
-275
1 , 220
530
690
- 160
2,285
1 , 025
1 , 260
-- 235
Of which:
Australia
71
42
29
13
104
55
49
6
247
86
1l41
-7.)
Japan
929
:122
607
-285
1 , 108
468
640
- 172
2,021
928
1 , 093
Western Europe
985
410
575
- 165
1 , 065
460
605
- 145
1 , 690
66.5
1 , 025
--361)
Of which:
Prance
192
67
125
- 58
158
91
67
24
231
128
103
2:i
Italy
127
56
71
- 15
161
73
88
- 15
196
112
84
21:
Netherlands
60
35
25
10
51
39
12
27
94
57
37
21)
Sweden
56
16
41)
-24
66
18
48
-30
83
25
58
-33
Switzerland
42
23
19
4
39
17
22
--5
73
25
48
-23
Cuited Kingdom
161
69
92
- 23
167
77
90
- 13
340
102
238
- 136
West Germany
249
89
160
-71
282
92
190
-98
487
130
357
-- 22':
North America
250
35
215
__180
455
80
375
- 295
1, 285
115
1 , 170
-- 1, 05:;
Of which:
Canada
241
28
2 1 3
- 185
345
49
296
-247
409
53
356
- 30:;
United States
5
5
Negl.
5
111
32
79
- 47
876
64
812
- 748
Less Developed Countries
945
575
370
205
1,365
740
625
115
2,075
1,270
805
465
Southeast Asia
275
225
50
175
420
330
90
240
825
660
165
495
Of which:
Indonesia as
35
30
5
25
75
70
5
65
155
150
5
(45
Malaysia and Singa-
pore~4
205
170
311
13,9
235
190
45
145
460
325
135
190
Near East and South Asia
265
155
110
45
350
180
170
10
450
260
190
70
Of which:
Egypt
46
15
31
-16
71
26
45
- 19
40
25
15
10
Pakistan
63
31
32
- 1
:15
20
15
5
60
46
14
32
Sri Lanka (Ceylon,
58
26
32
-6
41
14
27
- 13
70
31
39
--5
hatin America
65
10
55
-45
230
20
210
-190
300
45
255
-210
Of which:
Brazil
1
I
N egl.
1
78
1
77
- 76
78
2
76
-7,
Chile
20
Ne6l.
211
-20
82
:3
79
-76
121
16
105
-89
Peru
25
Neg1.
25
-25
47
Negl.
47
-47
40
Negl.
40
-40
Africa
340
185
153
30
350
195
155
40
470
285
185
100
Of which:
Nigeria
29
29
Negl.
29
:30
25
5
20
44
36
8
28
Sudan
56
21
35
-14
70
24
46
- 22
101
35
66
-31
Tanzania
89
76
13
63
86
65
21
44
104
89
15
71
Others
Negl.
Negl.
Negl.
Negl.
15
15
Negl.
15
30
20
10
10
IIong Kong and Macao
450
445
5
440
540
535
5
530
835
825
10
815
Of which:
Hong Kong"
431
428
3
425
513
509
4
505
796
787
9
778
Communist Countries
1,085
585
500
85
1,275
740
535
205
1,700
995
705
290
I SS it
154
76
78
-2
255
134
121
13
272
136
136
....
Far East 7
225
150
75
75
260
180
80
100
480
355
125
230
Eastern Europe
445
195
250
- 55
495
230
265
-35
605
305
300
Of which:
Czechoslovakia
59
25
34
-9
57
28
29
- 1
84
44
40
_
East Germany
83
39
44
__5
98
50
48
2
109
59
50
9
Hungary
31
14
17
-3
53
20
33
-13
67
27
40
-13
Poland
58
21
37
- 16
62
34
28
6
67
34
33
1
Romania
188
89
99
- 10
218
96
122
- 26
265
136
129
Other Communist Countries"
260
165
95
70
265
195
70
125
345
200
145
5f,
L Data for individual countries, except, where noted, are rounded to the nearest $1 million. All other data are rounded to the
nearest $5 million.
' Data are rounded to the nearest $5 million.
3 Official statistics from Indonesia are believed to include re-exports of Chinese goods from Hong Kong and Singapore.
1 In the past few years the proportion of Chinese goods re-exported to Malaysia through Singapore has declined. Chinese export:
to Singapore have been reduced by 15% for 1971, 10% for 1972, and 3`% for 1973 to eliminate double counting of re-exports to
Malaysia.
Includes Spain, Portugal. Greece, and Malta.
Net of entrepot trade with third countries.
Includes North Korea, North Vietnam, and Mongolia.
Includes Yugoslavia, Cuba, and Albania.
Approved For Release 2005/04/19 : CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
 Approved For Release 2005/04/21 : CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
Table 3
China: Trade by Area
Total
100 100 100
100
100
100
100
Non-Communist Countries
79 78 80
80
77
78
83
Developed Countries
50 50 50
52
47
46
53
East Asia and Pacific
21 19 22
24
21
21
23
Western Europe
26 25 24
24
21
18
17
North America
3 5 4
4
5
8
13
Less Developed Countries
20 19 21
19
20
23
21
Southeast Asia
8 8 9
6
6
7
8
Near East and South Asia
7 7 8
7
6
6
5
Latin America
Negl. Negl. NegL
NegL
1
4
3
Africa
4 4 4
5
7
6
5
Hong Kong and Macao
8 8 9
9
10
9
8
Communist Countries
21 22 20
20
23
22
17
USSR
3 2 1
1
3
4
3
Far East
6 6 5
4
5
4
5
Eastern Europe
6 7 7
8
9
8
6
Other
6 6 7
6
6
4
3
Country
Total Trade
1973
(Million US $)
1973
Rank
1972
Rank
Japan
2,021
1
1
United States
876
2
11
Hong Kong
796
3
2
West Germany
487
4
4
Malaysia/Singapore
460
5
6
Canada
409
6
3
United Kingdom
340
7
8
USSR
272
8
5
Romania
265
9
7
Australia
247
10
12
Approved For Release 2005/04/21 : C1A-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
 Approved For Release 2005/04/21 : CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
Total Exports
Foodstuffs
Crude materials, fuels, and edible
oils
Chemicals
,Manufactures
Other
Total Imports
Foodstuffs
Crude materials, fuels, and edible
oils
Chemicals
Manufactures
Other
100 100
26 28
23 21
4 4
44 44
3 3
100 100
19 23
16 16
155 17
48 43
I 1
100
30
22
4
40
3
100
19
17
17
46
1
100
31
21
5
42
1
100
16
17
15
52
Negl.
100
31
20
5
44
1
100
13
17
14
56
Negl.
100
31
19
5
43
1
100
16
19
13
51
1
100
33
18
5
44
1
100
20
20
9
50
1
Total
Commu-
nist
Non-
Commu-
Dist
Total
Commu-
Dist
Non-
Commu-
Dist
Total
Commu-
Dist
Non-
Commu-
Dist
Total
2,415
585
1,830
3,085
740
2,345
4,895
995
3,900
Foodstuffs
740
140
600
955
195
760
1,595
310
1,285
Of which:
Animals, meat, and fish
275
35
240
335
45
290
485
65
420
Grains
95
30
65
155
75
80
535
120
415
Fruits and vegetables
155
30
125
180
30
150
225
20
205
Crude materials, fuels, and edi-
ble oils
475
90
385
600
115
485
870
130
740
Of which:
Oilseeds
15
....
15
15
....
15
105
5
100
Textile fibers
120
10
110
205
15
190
290
5
285
Crude animal materials
105
25
80
115
25
90
165
40
125
Chemicals
130
30
100
160
45
115
245
40
205
Manufactures
1,055
320
735
1,340
370
970
2,160
500
1,660
Of which:
Textile yarn and fabric
325
80
245
460
115
345
795
1150
645
Clothing
155
95
60
190
100
90
275
65
210
Iron and steel
65
25
40
65
25
40
110
35
75
Nonferrous metals
45
10
35
30
10
20
50
10
40
Other
15
5
10
30
15
15
25
15
10
Data are rounded to the nearest $5 million. Estimates are based on data reported by trading partners. Where data are incomplete,
as for most less developed countries and for many of the Communist countries, estimates are based on fragmentary information from
trade agreements and press reports and on commodity breakdowns available for earlier years.
Approved For Release 2005/04A21 : CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
 Approved For Release 2005/04/21 : CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
Total
Commu-
nist
Non-
Commu-
nist
Total
Commu-
nist
Non-
Commu-
mist
Total
Commu-
nist
Non-
Commu-
nist
Total
2,305
500
1,805
2,835
535
2,300
4,975
705
4,270
Foodstuffs
290
70
220
455
30
425
1,000
65
935
Of which:
Grains
205
....
205
345
....
345
840
840
Crude materials, fuels, and edi-
ble oils
385
75
310
550
85
465
985
105
880
Of which:
Rubber
55
??
55
70
....
70
165
....
165
Textile fibers
140
?.?
140
205
...
205
400
....
400
Chemicals
325
20
305
360
30
330
445
40
405
Of which:
Fertilizer
200
???.
200
190
5
185
220
25
195
Manufactures
1,295
325
970
1 ,455
380
1,075
2,505
480
2,025
Of which:
Textile yarn and fabric
40
??.
40
40
?.
40
70
5
65
Iron and steel
465
45
420
510
45
465
930
40
890
Nonferrous metals
150
10
140
235
10
225
400
20
380
Machinery and equipment
505
230
275
520
265
255
855
340
515
Other
10
10
Negl.
15
10
5
40
15
25
I Data are rounded to the nearest $5 million. Estimates are based on data reported by trading partners. Where data are incomplete,
as for most less developed countries and for many of the Communist countries, estimates are based on fragmentary information from
trade agreements and press reports and on commodity breakdowns available for earlier years.
Approved For Release 2005/04/21 :1CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
 Approved For Release 2005/04/21 : CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
Other
Less
Western Europe
Devel-
o
ed
Hong
Kon
Devel-
o
ed
"otal
Japan
1 nited
Stales
Canada
Australia
West
Germany
United
Kingdom
France
Italy
Other'
p
Coun-
tries:1
g
and
Macao I
p
Coun-
tries 5
14XPORTS
2,315
168
32
49
55
92
77
91
73
128
5
536
7,10
Foodstuff,
(1f which:
760
117
1
7
2
93
13
21
15
32
1
307
200
:Lniuwls, meat, and fish
290
43
1
Negl.
1
2
6
17
11
4
Negl
185
20
tiraino
80
9
'Neel.
Negl.
Ned.
..
2
Negl.
Ncgl.
I
Negl.
27
10
bruits and vegetables
Crude materials, fuels, and edible
150
42
I
5
I
:3
I
:1
20
Negl.
42
'313
,.its
1)1 which:
-185
218
12
4
5
36
30
22
30
31
1
21
65
flilseede
15
I
Negl.
....
Negf.
Negi.
Negl.
Negl.
5
4
5
Textile fibers
190
127
5
Negl.
I
:I
10
11
24
6
Nagl.
1
Crude animal materials
911
IS
3
I
2
8
5
2
12
Negl.
1
40
Chemicals
115
20
2
1
3
1
6
7
4
8
Negl.
22
30
Manufactures
Of whine
970
1113
1 t
37
45
8
28
it
12
53
3
181
445
'Prxrilc yarn and fabric
345
4:5
3
15
27
I
11
14
7
26
2
51
1 10
Clothing
911
17
1
16
x
Neg).
1
2
2
Nagl.
27
111
Iron and steel
40
Negf
..
..
Negf.
Nagl.
Negl.
Negl.
....
NegL
....
11
25
onferrous metals
211
2
2
3
Negf.
Negi.
Negl.
6
1
0
....
1
~
Other''
15
1
Neel.
Ncgl.
Negl.
I
Negl.
Negl.
6
1
Negl.
2
IMPORTS
2 .300
1110
79
296
19
190
90
67
88
168
I
1
625
Foodstuffs
125
Negl.
7a
262
3
Ncgl.
NegL
Negl.
....
Ncgl.
....
....
85
of whim:
(Drains.
Crude materials. fuels, and edible
:145
NiKI.
7.5 %
261
..-.
...
....
....
....
...
....
...
10
oils
Of which:
165
2:1
2
12
21
7
8
2
d
29
4
:3
345
IRobber
71)
6
....
....
Negl.
2
....
Nagl.
..,
60
"T-tie Giers
311.5
10
13 3
5 S
7
I
1
...
I:i5
Chemicals
:130
209
1
Negl.
-15
6
5
22
23
....
Negl.
20
Of which:
Fertilizer
185
1111
S A.
...
N. A.
N. A.
N.A.
N.A.
N. A.
....
...
20
Manufactures
1.1175
106
2
21
21)
138
75
60
61
114
....
t
175
Of which:
'l ent.il, yarn cad fabric
40
32
....
....
....
1
5
....
Negl.
....
I
I con and steel
165
257
....
11
79
III
16
35
46
....
10
.ouferrous metals
225
III
21
9
I
13
3
....
13
....
Nag].
150
Alaeltinel.e and equipment
255
79
2
N,gl.
Negl.
51
31
32
16
34
....
Negi.
10
Other 15
5
2
...?
Negl.
Negl.
Negl.
Negl.
1
2
Negl.
Neg).
??
' Data arc rounded to the nearest $5 million Inr total and less developed countries and to the nearest $1 million for developed countries and flung Kong. Data arc
n.d.ju.sted to reflect Chinese exports I'-b. and Chinese imports c.i.f.
e Hum of sd,lusted official data for Austria, Belgium-I.uxcmhourg, l Iramnrk, I'fnland, Ireland, Ireland, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland. This category
.srludes trade with Spain, Portugal, and (;recce.
" snur of direct trade with New Zealand and Hoag Kong's --ports of PH(' origin to South Africa.
-1 Nxp ots are official data for Hong Kong net of re-exports of ['It(' origin, plus estimates for Macao. Imports are official data for hung Kong net of re-exports to the PKC.
plus i'sl.imxt~s for Macao.
lstfmates based on very limited info mation_ Complete commodity breakdowns no available for 1)172 for only a .small number of rountries, and partial breakdown.
,ai, available fn,- a few other,. Estimates for the remainder are based on information for prior years and on information available on trade in particular e numoditics. 'I'hio
,::(treats inmudes trade with Spain, Portugal, and Greece
lncludos unreported Ir:de.
Irreight adjustment oas made independently, based on information on actual shipping costs. Fertilizer data include imports of ammonium chloride and anmunium sulfate,
but exclude phosphate rock.
Approved For Release 2005/04/2114CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
 Approved For Release 2005/04/21 :'I'CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
Other
Less
United
West
United
Devel-
oped
Conn-
Hong
Kong
,no
Devcl-
oped
Coun-
EXPORTS
Total
:1,900
Japan
928
States
64
Canada
53
Australia
86
Germany
130
Kingdom
102
France
128
Italy
112
Others
194
tries0
10
Macao I
824
tries n
1,270
Foodstuffs
1,285
I80
7
8
3
35
19
32
12
49
2
435
505
Of which:
Animls, rout, and fish
420
83
1
N cut.
1
3
7
25
8
7
Negl.
243
40
Grains
415
8
Negl.
Negl.
Negl.
2
3
1
....
3
....
74
32fi
Fruits and vegetables
205
(i2
2
6
2
10
3
1
Ne,gl.
28
I
49
40
Crude materials, fuels, and
oils
edible
710
390
16
3
6
60
39
31
24
54
3
29
85
Of which
Oilseeds
100
61
Next.
beg1.
Negl.
6
1
2
1
14
3
10
Textile fibers
283
322
6
I
6
18
17
1
10
Negl.
4
Negl.
Crude animal materials
125
2:3
7
1
3
27
I 1
6
2
18
N'gl.
lI
20
Chemicals
205
44
8
1
5
9
9
9
7
I5
Negl.
33
65
Manufactures
1660
313
32
41
71
25
35
56
65
76
5
324
615
Of which:
Textile yarn and fabric
615
1-11
10
IS
47
6
11
18
50
39
3
112
190
Clothing
210
15
2
18
13
1
2
3
7
9
1
51
60
Iron and Steel
75
Negl,
....
Negl.
....
Negl.
....
._
A"cql.
....
21
15
Nonferrous metals
90
8
2
Neg9.
4
Negl.
9
3
7
3
Negl.
Other"
10
1
1
Negl.
1
1
Negl.
Negl.
4
Negl.
Negl.
3
Negl.
IMPORTS
4,270
1,093
812
356
161
357
238
103
84
245
5
10
805
Foodstuffs
935
Negl.
500
246
83
Negl.
Negl.
1
....
Negl.
....
Negl.
too
Of which:
Grains
84() 7
....
1)117
2)5 7
..
71
....
Negl.
....
....
Neg1.
....
...
211
Crude materials. fuels, and
oils
edible
880
33
2,10
16
50
8
21
2
4
43
5
6
480
Of which
Rubber
'
165
6
...
Ncgl.
....
Neg).
Negl.
Negl.
...
Negl.
....
....
1(i0
Textile fibers
401)
25
114
37
5
19
1
3
2
5
....
100
Chemicals
405
225
9
2
NegL
41
[2
8
29
48
....
Negl.
30
Of which:
liertilioee
19.1s
1390
5
N.A.
....
N. A.
N. A.
N. A.
N. A.
N. A,
....
2.1
Manufactures
2,025
832
86
92
28
303
205
92
50
145
4
190
Of which:
Textile yarn and fabric
64
43
PD'gl.
7
(i
4
t
....
2
beg).
Iron and steel
890
536
....
1
26
217
17
14
15
58
,..,
,,..
S
Nonferrous metals
380
31
7
89
I
19
20
13
....
27
....
Neg).
165
Plaehinery and 'quipmmrt
?
515
189
70
1
Negl.
55
77
54
31
28
Negl.
Other
25
3
1
Negl.
Negl.
5
Negl.
....
1
9
....
Negl.
5
r Data is rounded to the newest 85 million for total and leas developed countries, and to the nearest $I million for developed countries and Tlong Kong. Data win adjusted to
reflex-t Chinese 'sports f.o.b. and Chincso imports u.i,f.
2 Sum of adjusted official data for Austria, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland, and of estimates Crum partial data for [973
for 13e1gium-Luxembourg and Ireland. This category excludes trade with Spain, Portugal, and Greece.
3 Sons of direct trade with Ncw Zealand and flung Kong's re-exports of PRC origin to South Africa. Commodity composition is an estimate.
4 lixportc are official data for hung Kong net of re-expo' is of P1lC' origin, plus estiurat's for 51acao. Lnports arc official data for hang Kong excluding re-exports to the I' IC,
plus estimates for \lacao.
5 Plstimates based no carp limited information. Complete commodity breakdowns arc available for 1973 for only a small number of countries, and partial break-
downs are available for a few others, Itstimates for the remainder are based on information for prior years and on information available on trade in particubu' com-
modities. 'Phis category includes trade with Spain, Portugal, nod Deeoee.
a Includes unreported trade.
7 Preight adjustment wa made independently, based on information on actual shipping rests.
a Freight adjustment was made independently, based on information on actual shipping costs. fertilizer data include imports of ammonium chloride and arrwuonium sulfate,
but exclude phosphate rock.
Table 10
China: Imports of Grain and Chemical Fertilizer
Year
Million
Tons
Million
US $
Million
Tons I
Million
US $
1966
5.6
400
2.5
155
1967
4.1
295
4.3
200
1968
4.4
305
4.0
200
1969
3.9
260
4.1
205
1970
4.6
280
4.3
230
1971
3.0
205
4.2
200
1972
4.8
345
4.2
190
1973
7.7
840
4.1
220
Approved For Release 2005/04/21 : LA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
 Approved For Release 2005/04/21 : CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
Table 11
71973 Contracts
Japan
Value
(Million
US $)
461
Contract
Signed
Completion
Comment
toys Engineering
Ethylene and butadiene
50
Feb 73
1978
Japan EX-IM/Commercial bank fi-
nancing
Mitsubishi
Ethylene and poval
34
Feb 73
N.A.
Japan EX-IM/Commercial bank fi-
Asahi Chemical
Acrylonitrile monomer
30
Mar 73
N.A.
nancing
Japan EX-IM/Commercial bank fi-
K uraray
Vinyl acetate and poval
26
Mar 73
1976
nancing
Japan EX-IM/Commercial bank fi-
'I'oyo Engineering and Mitsui Toa-
Urea and ammonia
42
Apr 73
N. A.
nancing
Japan EX-IM/Commercial bank fi-
t,u
nancing
Polyester chips
50
May 73
1976
Japan EX-IM/Commercial bank fi-
Surnitomo
Benzene, toluene, and xylene
5
May 73
N.A.
nancing
Cash deal
Mitsubishi
Polyethylene, low pressure
22
Jul 73
1975
Japan EX-IM/Commercial hank fi-
47
Aug 73
1976
nancing
Japan EX-IM/Commercial bank fi-
72
Sep 73
1975
nancing
Japan EX-IM/Commercial bank fi-
' 1'oyo Engineering and Mitsui Tom-
Urea and ammonia
4:3
Sep 73
N.A.
nancing
Japan EX-IM/Commercial bank fi-
tau
nancing
Mitsui Petrochemical and Mitsui
Polypropylene
25
Oct 73
1976
Japan EX-IMiComrrercial bank fi-
Shipbuilding
nancing
N18SO Petrochemical
15
Dec 73
1977
Japan EX-IM/Commercial bank fi-
France
400
nancing
Alsthom
Hydroelectric turbines (2)
10
Feb 73
N. A.
Bpeir.hem
Vinyl acetate and methanol
90
May 73
1976
Consortium involving firms in France,
West Germany, and the United
Kingdom
French-led consortium probably in-
United States
205
volving other firms in Western
Europe
M. W. Kellogg
Ammonia plants (3) 75
Mar 73
1976
Probable feedstock plants for the
130
Nov 73
1976-77
Dutch urea plants
Probably progress payments; will pro-
Netherlands
89
vide feedstock for five Dutch urea
plants
Kellogg Continental
t rea plants (3) 34
Feb 73
1976
Subsidiary of M. W. Kellogg
Kellogg Continental
Urea plants (3) 55
Sep 73
1977
Subsidiary of M. W. Kellogg
West Germany
4
Friedrich Uhde and
lloechst
Acetaldehyde 4
Jul73
N. A.
United Kingdom
8
Technicolor Ltd.
Motion picture processing plant 8
Jul 73
N.A.
Cash deal
Italy
79
U.I.E.
Electric thermal powerplants (2) 79
Nov 73
N. A.
Five-year financing
Total Value
1 ,246
Approved For Release 2005/04/21 16CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4
 Approved For Release 2005/04/21 : CIA-RD P79-00928A000100090002-4
Table 11 (Continued)
China: Contracts for Whole Plant Imports
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- -- -
Value
Nation/Firm
Type
(Million
US $)
Contract
Signed
Completion Comment
1974 Contracts
Japan
269
'Peijin
Polyester spinning
16
Jan 74
N. A.
Japan EX-IM/Commercial bank fi-
N. A.
nancing
Catalyst for Mitsui polypropylene
Nippon Steel and Hitachi
Hot strip rolling mill and silicon
229
Jan 74
1977
plant
Demag supplying other part of the
Kuraray
steel plate
Polyvinyl alcohol
19
Feb 74
1976
complex
Japan EX-IM/Commercial bank fi-
West Germany
291
nancing
Uhde
Vinyl chloride monomer
19
Jan 74
1976
Demag
Cold rolling mill
200
Mar 74
1977
Consortium of European firms led by
Uhde
Polyethyene
15
Mar 74
1976
Demag. Progress payment
Demag
Continuous casting mill
57
Aug 74
N. A.
Progress payments. Part of steel
France
171
complex purchased from Japan and
West Germany
Heurtey
Ammonia and urea complexes (3)
120
Feb 74
1977
Five-year credit financing
Electromechanique
Thermal electric powerplant
41
Apr 74
1976
Rhone Poulenc
Nylon spinning
10
Aug 74
1977
Progress payments
Italy
16
Snout Progetti
16
Jan 74
N.A.
Progress payments
Total Value
747
17
Approved For Release 2005/04/21 : CIA-RDP79-00928A000100090002-4