A LONG STAY IN POWER FOR MILITARY JUNTA IN CHILE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79-00957A000100040050-1
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 14, 2005
• Sequence Number: 50
• Publication Date: August 2, 1974
• Content Type: OPEN

August 2, 1974
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - Extensioni of Remark- s
?brance of the Warsaw Uprising as a sym-
bol of the fight for freedom which con-
tinues fr geperation to generation.
throughout e world.
MANY HELPED ? IN SUCCESSFUL
TELEVISED J RY COMMIT-
TEE MEETINGS
HON. ROBERT CLORY
OF ILLIN011
IN THE HOUSE OF REFRES TATIVES
, Friday, August 2; 1
Mr, McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, e great
public interest in the recent vised
meetings of the House Judiciary om-
mittee?a first in congressional hist ?
drew huge crowds and representa s
of the media from throughout the wo
to view this most dramatic and challen
Ing action.
Mr. Speaker, sufficient laurels have
been heaped upon the members of our
committee, all of whom performed their
jobs with dignity. However, there are
many others who contributed to make
these public meetings successful and ef-
fective vehicles for communicating the
committee's deliberative proceedings.
Mr. Speaker, the unsung heroes and
heroines of this final phase of the House
Judiciary Committee's impeachment in-
quiry were our capable Sergeant at
Arms Ken Harding and the various staff
personnel who manned room 2141 in the
Rayburn Building, particularly during
the recent televised debates.
Mr. Speaker, first, of course, are the
impeachment inquiry staff members?
ably headed by Chief Counsel John Doar,
Chief Minority Counsel Sam Garrison,
and Associate Committee Counsel Albert
E. Jenner, Jr. Those who served with
them, including both majority and mi-
nority counsel?are entitled to equal
praise. Of equal importance were the
committee's own Chief Counsel Jerome
Zeifman, and Chief Minority Cou
Franklin G. Polk, who with their
sistants backed up the chairman d
all the members of the corn ? ee
throughout this prolonged perio
Mr. Speaker, the media cont s and
facilities were responsibly hand under
the direction of our radio ai TV di-
rector Mike Michaelson, ancl ssisted by
Tina Tate and Larry May e writing
press was served ably by Press Gal-
lery Superintendent Be est and his
assistant Jerry Gallego David Holmes,
superintendent of the riodical gallery,
provided other supp to the media in-
terests. The limited ating for members
of the press and tr restricted guest ac-
commodations w e alocated equitably
and smoothly b Helen Starr. The ma-
jority staff f lities were under the
capable supe sion of Theresa Gallo.
The minorit staff room served the de-
mands an needs of the Republican
members d their staffs with the as-
sistance Nancy Parke.
Mr. S with the large number of
media epresentatives and public visi-
tors, roughout the meetings the Capitol
Polii under Captain Price maintained
tig security and good order.
Mr. Speaker, Louise Vs nee handled the
public address system s the skilled
technician that he is--vith the result
that the more bombastic remarks were
modulated and the quiet eoices were ade-
quately amplified so the!. every word of
the weeklong meetings eras capable of
being heard.
Mr. Speaker, while aptly hearings of
Senate committees ani some House
committee hearings have been te.e-
vised in the past, this Nees our first ex-
perience with televised eem.mittee meet-
ings. From the remark that I heve
heard from our colleaelies we can all
feel proud of this example of a House
committee at work. Aesu,seing to speak on
behalf of the committee. I am confident
that I voice the apprecielon of all com-
mittee members?for the supporting and
sustaining roles which ell of those whom
I have mentioned and many others pro-
vided during these tryg and hister
days.
NDING ATOMIC ENEiter ACT
1954 AND A'reelefIC W PONS
ARDS ACT OF 955
-----
SPEEC I I
HO CLARENCI. . LONG
OF MART D
IN THE HO OF ENTATIVES
Thursd 1, 1974
The House in niff,Ai of the Wriole
House on the S the Union had under
consideration bii 1 Hr. 15416), to amend
the Atomic E gy A of f 954, as amended,
and the A ic Wea Rewards Act of
1955, and other pit es.
Mr. G of Mary! Mr. Chair-
man, my amendmee,t1 oes it to eon-
for e procedure of Co.ssional con-
tro ith respect to tb n t . '-fer of cer-
t amounts of special nucl material
the procedure est.,b]ishlc by my
endment offered yr terda h re-
spect to internationee nuclea agree-
ments.
The amendment offe .-ed yester re-
quired congressional troval be or I fly
further international agreements
take place with respec,, to sales of
clear reactors and materials. My amen
merit today does the same thing with
respect to the transfer of certain
amounts of special weever material to
the International Atorme Energy Agency.
Let me point out tint the joint Com-
mittee is proposing te, conform to the
procedure is suggestec a HR. 15582, a1-
lowing congressional ,.eto by concurrent
resolution. All my amendment does is
insure that we adopt 1! e same procedure
far sales to IAEA and this House ap-
proved yesterday fm bilateral agree-
ments. If we do not adopt my conforming
amendment, there w H exist a sizable
loophole by which tie: President could
export nuclear fuel ith very limited
congressional check.
There presently et- ts a_ very broad
agreement with the International Atomic
Enrgy Agency under e.hich reactors and
fuel can be sold to third countries.
The Joint Atomic F:nergy Committee
amendment would aii,:vw uniimitee, nu-
clear fuel to be transeered to the IAEA,
and then to third countries, with only
a flimsy check of the veto by resolution.
which this House rejected yeste
We have no control over rea s sup-
plied to third countries gh the
IAEA, and if the committe endment
is not made to conform w the controls
we approved yester Congress will
have only the we check on fuel
transfers.
The committee arguing that if we
do not approve bill, we will not have
any bill, beret the President will veto.
I am point' out that even if you have
a bill, th rnmittee bill is not worth
a cent use when it starts to rain the
roof eak.
Th ncurrent resolution has abso-
lut no constitutional standing; if the
P dent wants to veto it he can, be-
se the Constitution says specifically
t all concurrent resolutions must be
signed by the President, and exempts
only motions to adjourn and constitu-
tional amendments. Those are the only
exceptions. There has never been a case
in which any court test has been made
which would uphold the committee po-
sition.
I urge that the House support my
amendment because it does what we tried
to do yesterday, putting the Congress on
record that we who represent the people
of the United States want to have some-
thing to say about transfers of nuclear
reactors and nuclear materials.
This amendment of mine closes a very
important loophole. Let us get a test now.
If the President vetoes it, at least we
have made a confrontation now, and not
someday when it might be much more
important than it is at the present time.
I urge an "aye" vote for my amend-
ment, and I yield back the balance of
my time.
CONCERN EXPRESSED FOR CER-
TAIN ENDANGERED SPECIES UN-
LESS NEW RIVER IS SAVED
0
ect
ment
needle
At m
Service
studied th
Ridge proj
the area. At
share with my
report on the
dangered species
New River is not
HON. WILMER MIZELL
OF NORTH CAROLINA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, August 2, 1974
Mr. Meeeere. Mr. Speaker, as my col-
agues are aware, there is strong oppo-
ion to the proposed Blue Ridge power
ect in Virginia and North Carolina.
eason that many oppose this proi-
the significant adverse environ-
ffects which will result from this
mpoimdanent of the New River.
equest, the Fish and Wildlife
e Department of Interior
ects of the proposed Blue
on the unique fauna of
is time I would like to
eagues their disturbing
ction of certain en-
ch will result if the
d.
Ftsx AND Wr, IFE SERVICE.
ashington.. D.0 .
Congressman WILMER D. ELL,
Cannon Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR, MIZELL: This is in
phone request requesting names
luscs or crustaceans in the Ne
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to a t.Ce-
sh, molt-
iiive7-? in
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? Ewe" ;kw of Remark: August 2, 1974
Visgta1a or West ihrenne
theweintal
lat pole
Oil
tie New litver
know widen ,specese
e Rime was includee
Scenic WM( 878..
se to *visor die deal
elulareest, June lira,
Project illtainiter
and Virginia.
Am hey ems emit. three
pearly mums& are
?you cuilined ow'
Zoe the alectie est
in the case al tWO
candidates
ettleresiested species likely
wed:
Phemeobias tee-e-
thos lek-beee claw,
the 1441W Liler
ecreletoeps; Cho Kanawha
kencrwhare; and probably
darter, ttimosinme
are restricted to the
North Carceina vir-
vfleginta.
ronspresces egret:Oa -
preesmateen bemuse
es in. the genus. Thus the
e endangered sari premix-
would be ou imparto it
nialntianiee diversior
ODIUM". It is known
MI6 01 ittiogie riser bluff
Puteeki County, tar-
leseadred
The epttemerai
ephemeras, ',Wind
end in small &mud-
known only from
Cave in Citiee
ewes -wear in
$ tilbestaity at the
istostait ot a small are-
a. Sew Miser.
ens, eseuld
eel-4.mm et
of the ik
2317, No
The 1
ernetseemila
folluid in or
are Considered
of endangered
of the
for the ornelat
to become e
The Kase
tuhs, it.
Nneomfe
shiner, No
darter, lithe?
the fineestliest
mbroille 'Mem
Het Inver
ifteab. tied
The New RI
rtsi4
it is tne
genus appeers
vation of this
oontrintition
of Anima lItt
only freen
0PPlitite
tads at
cave send,
white cave
bothered
Treaumes Clive
County, Visid
Sieteingfireek
New lateen isot
time of this.
In a, legislated
greatly benefit
this epee/len
latacIdtes car
is found in caves
and several 0th
candidate for
Ths aping eime
itztoeM only
a tributary of the
ginia. Otte wane*
Cave scut is f
County and
of a short nee
adjoining the lied
natant' area.
It is estimated
about PO percent of
bosaitse of poll/item
othenfactora. Met
in the Greenlee,
below Hinton. the
Kanawha Raver,
of the Kieuraba
KansWha rens. In
found the tuberculed-
? Spioblesme foresees
:ratchet, Leen
These two no
of extkaction.
expressed over
They appear Co
on International Trade
cies at Wild Patina
enclosed a copy of
was signed on Manch 3.
tirated Stales Smote. and
tho Emiangered Species Act
The New Knee is a
Is believed to be the oldest
America. It crosses the
because it meted prier to
Oinu.s
Iles 00U11.y. Virgio Lit
and ia G./seemed
theneteued epectes.
illiegavierdas spissonie
Greartiorier vieley,
River in West Inr-
of the spiny
true Idoiaroe
y .n44usk3e,
ver Diver
e designaten
hasten
inuiseee.
Ong indi
time are
atoms
tory at the
-sone statue
Mee
or we
%Nati ,
pine
orbioulleta.
on ma, verge
Orristera las beau
species.
the tionsteatiau
ed ape-
s. Pleaos And
relation whian
ratified by the
.euted 1,1
1273.
Theo Ayer
lieaul4
tel divide
ace 0:
the Appailiehlan leomalains. This Mew be
one reason so many viducal wenn sant to
the New lifter.
Available enbttet for three eleven epode,
has already been lost including the Kanawha
River below Cheriestoe. WA& Is invetele
polluted, the impranded sections of the New
River above Pithier! and Radford. end Im-
pounded met lone of the Elk and Osuley
emotes. Mich of theme eleven epeeist is
jeopardesed by one or More of tbe following
factors: acid mine wastes, amotorpea sesta
proposed impouvainients, over collecting.
quarrying, road conetruction. ground water
pollution, cbannelbtatton. and the down-
etreern effeets of ehannellzatIon of small nib-
ataries, such as Cherry River and Paint
Creek.
The impart adatement for Monet Number
2317. Impoundments at etelea and Independ-
ence. Virginia. states on page 28 that,"... MO
rare or endangered species have been report-
ed or are known to exist In the project area."
Reference In made to the Big-mouth chub.
the New River definer. the franteriza darter,
and the Kanawha mftintliw. trithely omitted
is ary consideration that the creation of the
two !mpoenclinents might make them en-
d& veered.
BInerrely.
JO Pseuds?,
("Ifet, Ftrale/t cfRIoltsigral Support Of-
?vv. of Sedan fierce S'perfe,, "red fe!er-
wino/lei Actt?ity
A LONG STAY IN POWER POR
MILITARY JUNTA IN C1BLE
.11....??????
HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON
MirmmmtillaTTa
IN HE 1101731 OP ItKPRISKNTATIVT-1
Friday, August 2, 1374
Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Sneaker, he
the same week in which a Chilean mili-
tary court sentenced four persons to
eckith by firing squad for essentially po-
litical offenees we learn in a compre-
banal se report from Banttago, by Joseph
Novitski of the Washington Post, that
ohms for continued military role in Chile
are "for the long term and on a large
scale." The article once Wain makes the
obvious Point ths.t the military Junta
will remain a near-permanent fixture on
the Chilean political scene =lees the
United States Jahn other Western na-
tions in taking Brno steps to withdrow
our support for the junta.
In the pending foreign military aid
rconeFt for 011ie. the Congress has an
opportunity to assert our influence
Wirt continued military rule and Po-
litical trials in Chile. By =conditionally
terminating ail plenary assistance to the
Junta, the United States sant pat those
rulers on none* that their policies no
longer meet with our =Wort. It is them-
eleeent with our tosverted Interest In ha-
mm to ignore the existing situ-
ation in Chile by antinuing user military
aid oiograns. I Inge ray colleagues to
read tale Washington Post article de-
scribing the prorteets for continued
minter; role in Cline, find to consider
taking it stand in favor Of a termination
of all U.S. military aid 4o Chile so that
the unfortunate predictions corning out
of Santiago AMY be PrOtiln untrue.
The text of the artiste tetimer
OEMS Storm DEALS DaMocRACT 0-fr ow Lop:x.-
Tama Prams
(By Joseph Nor/14d)
Sawn...co.?TM Chilean military junta,
after governing for 10 Months with IMPrc-
timid policies and structures, has settled
down for a long stay In power.
The junta, which replaced President Sal-
vador Allende after the coup in. which he
died last September, began ite tenth month
by reordering the canary's government,
burning the national toter registry and
breaking or mistime with Chile's largest,
political party, the Christian Democrats. Ir
all added up to a declaration. that the mili-
tary plans to govern for an indefinite span.
without elections or organized civilian po-
litical support.
Oovernment spokesmen, when asked how
long military rule may last, answer, "We
have plans, not deadlines."
The plans are bar the long term and on a
hews scale.
-it we dont do big. lasting teenge, we
might as well go home now,' an adviser to
the junta said recently.
Thus far, In what it calls "the secoed
stage," the junta has made known its In-
tention to rebuild the economy, to make
it grow with the help of foreign investment.
to reduce and reorganize the government bu-
reauceacy and to enforce a total ban on
etvillen political activity by continuing the
detentlone and military-court trete that
have been the rule since last September.
The fled step of government reorganiza-
tion came late in June, when the armed
forces agreed to shift from a four-man junta
to a one-man presidency. Since the military
overthrew Allende and uprooted his elardat-
Greeted government, the commanders of the
army, the navy, the air force and the eeriest-
/terra, Chile's national police force, had ex-
welled the powers of the presidency. They
also took over the law-making power or the
Convene, which was cloned last year.
Now. Oen. Augusto Pineebet, coatanamier-
ht-eitiet of the merry and leader of the junta
ham been named president for' an inciennito
term with the formal title of "supreme chief
sr the nation."
The point of the change, government
/emcee said, was atildency. The four-man
teats had been dower In reaching decisions
than one man mead be, they said. The com-
menters of the army, navy, air force and
70110, have retained the roie of drawing up
ewe for promulgation by decree.
Pinocheee the also represent* an ascen-
dancy of the Chilean army over the navy,
;Jr force and police. Some civilian obeervers,
nelleving that the army oMcers In govern-
/Mat bad shown more moderation than air
Imre and navy ?dicers, thought this might
13011rt an easing of repreeaton. This has not
et been the case.
Chilean Inmate report that men and
%/omen
are still disappearing for days and
imietimes weeks. A businessman told friends
rscaritiy he bad been arrested, held for four
cam alone in a tiny cell and then released
t althorn charges.
While Oen. Pinochet was forming it new
C abinet of 14 military men and 3 civilians,
vu of them technocrats 'with international
r4pittations, the government burned the Oa-
t Mai voter reglatration records. A govern-
n .ent spokesman explained that the lists of
4 million voters were "notoriously freudu-
k at." No plane were announced for making
sw lists or reregistering voters.
The remote ezpectatiozz that the junta
ri tight cell elections to marry out its an-
n iunced aim of restoring Chilean democracy
el 'appeared with the electoral records. There
remained another passibility, suggested to
tie 'mita by leaders of the Christian Demo-
te silo Party. TM piety leadership, who op.
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August 2, 1974 CONGRESSIONAL Rtr:oRn?Extensions of Remarks
posed Allende and, publicly accepted the
conp a necessary evil: had hoped for a
returi t Xen vivernment within three
to five years'
_
Tha p , Carding-To Christian Dierno-`
eaaeaet;i,graie.a,,_is"*...?, targy:aikirs,d its
en
disappeared
red_
when the junta-pnwa..,rfell.l.broic,14ety off last week.
Form.ali.. there --- o political party
activity in sine' piejunta outlawed
the cauntrMte,rifsteParties and declared'
tgtiglaleireteruOing '0%6 0"1.- istran t-)em?-
r1Atitekehe recess,
i?
toaders
lanuaryPrt memorandum to
tha government aeitfcdttmili-
tary's treatment of prisoners and its dis-
regard for legal and human rights. Also in
sejuggilillani:est:de'a4?ptinlihrie.:kneri'Sjeatita.:Pttiat'fi:e);43.11113ca1;tttnArolylpwnremil:esili:direst'eciltaertr:
that Christie
Mere 7* "Tgw_
".1'-r")re:F?sC4Viairlr411-Eary dictator-
shag In chile.
?u?Moaratic political
et W."' PP"74131s1W Imposed on a Santi-
ago?1711111)118' b41cenr Own' git-b the party that
catte rcedr?the asaaer-CY's coma-eke break with the
4tp4r p,T1,eaeargm...4 ?,ofe letters, sttherumt f
ge7nl
eo-
mem caJrct,IL12.4.-"4ism?: told
he oke
1144744 alien, , sp o thetsPet riljloitnaryegsjini-s
IwIn
bruntly_ to keepChristian Eieraocrati said gm .governhaent's.
move looked like a signal from the army
tha,t its contacts with clul,stian beinoprats
were at an end
SOM8 party leaders said the break helped
OA party overborne ,the reputation of haying
helped in. tbe, coup. Even former Freshient
Eduardo the grand old Man of Chilean'
Chrio49-11- WIAS1 had, gone, with
other former presidents, to a thanksgiving
Mase with the lunta Leatoeat was rellebly
reported to be critical of the', military govern-
ment now. ,
e"In the end it's probably better this way,"
8114 a Christian Dernacratie lawyer. "They
tell us to, shut up and we stop arguing. It
elean's everyone that this is a dictatorship
and that's that,"
' ?
aawarry-Tissze Soci.wrs air TarAr, us
filerrnMaN OKI=
SANTIAGO, August 1.--Seventy-three mem-
bers of the outlawed Socialist Party are be-
ing tried on charges ranging from the illegal
pceisfession of arms to treason by a court
Martial in the town of T,laares, about 172
miles south of Santiago, lawyers for the ac-
cused said today.
The lawyers said the prosecutor had de-
manded destkpenalties for feur of the de-
fendants charged with as,sisting the enemy
thiririga state of internal War,
extreinelY 314,..ght provoktag concepts,
worthy of eon..deration.
Mr. Cadieux proposes the establish-
ment of wildr-i-rress areas In the East,
where the reed or such areas is the most
acute, and where the passage of time
only serves te Intacerbate the situation.
nowever, Mr, Cadieux Proposes more
than the slamL setting aside of existing
. wilderness are, but imaginatively sug-
gests that we eate wilderness in places
where none vzilts, and that we manage
that wilderne for everyone's benefit.
The proposal ? . particularly intriguing
when one cort.!'ders the lack of any sub-
? stantial natur,?,1 Wilderness In the East.
The Interial Committee's Subcommit-
tee on Public Li.nds has under considera-
tion legislatio) which I am cosponsoring
to establish yr rious eastern wilderness
areas, and to ,:.,udy other areas for pos-
sible future Iii.lusion in the wilderness
? systern: r -lost. to allatikald the commit-
teeil.:a0icta awl:trust that we shall be
able tainove Lis this much needed legis-
I now inclu fie in the RECORD for the
consideration .!* my colleagues, the text
of Mr. Cat:to:Ws article:
Vtlit.amr.t.ss: ISyr-=--itrunsaigass Eair"
,
(By Clc:.ries L. Cadieux),
The Wilderne.---, Act Completed ten
of life on Septe.eller a, 1973.
The question 'Has it worked? would ng
different anavidza from east and west.
'Don Iiifilderrea System began with
54. arecie created :rom the United S For-
eat &nicest Petaiitive eaves and f parts
of the_ lieundare eiefrees Canoe Ar ? north-
ern Miatneseta. Today, in. the derness
System, there ale 95 units totali .ore than
ii million acres. Some ca more totaling
7,5 milLton._ sea-, are >eine dereci by
Congress. Adria, more be reviewed
era These 95
an additional
7"1;4'rtetO 14 *Le
areas coraprlae_r'most
acres/ _
The great b of the
eluded in the ",i,141-riseas-
west. Bob Howep at the
Searles . 'Alma theitith
under enereat
threearaaa 411 te-4-,, .ea-4
Stator-' -Brxrdwell. Bay
flier-Slick Roelk in
Cacique in Puma
Now- nave the s
ersi- agent-ins rais
the terms at tat
complishment
they ser the
their primary
-The Bureau
has responds
that wildern
wath itsep
_ - managing
WILVERNESS wEST7--W4DEP,NPR?ct Tile Nat
T GUDE
iig TEzlicruSE- 014 Fara/ESE
,
F11441,,iwu.st 2, 19-74
Mr, 0171:8. Mr. Speaker, a most inter-
esting and thoughtful article appeared in
the, JuUP .474,V,C4:01941-QC Conservation
News? writt,en 44, ivrr, cbArles L. Cadieug
and entitled "Wilderness West---Wilcier-
ness East." 4one may find themselves in
partial disagreement with several a the
pCiSathilities auggested by the article.
believe that Mr. Cadieux expresses so
VES
just ain't
of Sport
.so ratin
some ar
status
pose
areas'
10
ds already ine
em lie in the
States Forest
rat Service areas
ODn. Include, only
half at the United
Florida, Joyce SR-
h Carolina, and El
land-managing fed-
their cooperation with
lelerness Act? Their ac-
I entirely upon how
ass Act in reference to
aose.
-port Fisheries and Wildlife
Ste enthusiastically. rt feels
-ea, status is in agreement
purpose of protecting and
v Mile on that property.
a irk Service, which manages
as a: reage than does the Bureau
erks and Wildlife, gets only so-
from he superficial observer. in
the F ark Service sees wilderness
being ii agreement with its pur-
;Teem-vile the out-of-doors. In other
Vaitrk- '7'ervice Sees tie wilderness
t as a handicap to its Purpose of show-
out-of-, S iors to as ma ny people as
ble,
?e greases..
5 lands is the
pates.
The United St ates Forest Ser., c
far more land ti, ii both the Departmen
the Interior ages es. How has it done? Again,
we get two amsw-is. West of the Mississippi,
the Forest Servia., hes designated huge acre-
-
a
f both BSF&W and
Cf the United
?
CS
E 5243
ages as wilderness. But it has failed miserably
in the eastern half of the nation. Asked why
this should be, the Forest Service people re-
mind you that the Wilderness Act said that
there could not he a wilderness where the
signs of man's habitation?or use?of the
land for a home was visibl The joke has it:
never set foot."
ued that an area
timber, where man
cannot qualify as
ystem. 'That is?east
aegue this way.
s proposed in our na-
derness area, carved out
Forest in New Mexico at
orrunenclation. This was in
before the environmen-
legislation which led to the
. The Gila boasts cliff dwell-
man's he
from pre-
mea,
first of all wilderness areas is not
here "the hand of man has never
It is a beautiful wilderness area. So
ecos Wilderness of the Santa Fe Na-
Forest to the north, which boasts of
ty's Cabin" and other signs of former
tation.
you look hard, you can find signs of
? 'S former use in every single one of the
ountry's wilderness areas. This has not di-
minished their value as wilderness one iota.
Professional foresters, men who look at the
problem without emotion, tell me that we
can produce wilderness almost anywhere we
want to?anywhere plants will grow?if we
are tto invest the time and the money
to do it. -
Produce wilderness? Why not? It should be
obvious that the healing hand of nature can
reclaim all but the most sacrilegious treat-
ment of the land. Even strip mines, ghastly
crimes against the earth, can be made to
produce a wilderness area, if the American
public is willing to pay the bill. In addition
to money, it will take time. But even the
longest restoration job only needs to be
started sooner, not surrendered without an
attempt.
Congress never intended that the strict
construction of the Act's wording should pre-
vent inclusion at worthy areas into the sys-
tem. Senator Church was floor manager of
the bill when it passed the Senate in 1963.
He said then, "It is one of the great promises
of,the Wilderness Act that we can dedicate
formerly abused areas where the primitive
scene can be restored by natural forces."
Congress in 1963 had no delusions that an
area had to be pristine, never timbered, never
plowed, never broken by the homesteader's
cabin. It is much more likely that Congress
envisioned the restoration of land to wilder-
ness quality by proper management, rather
than, the preservation of a pitiful remnant
of "virgin" wilderness with a tall fence
around it
Wondering whether it was possible to pro-
duce wilderness, we asked 15 people, all lovers
of the outdoors, for their description of a
wilderness, From this tiny sample we learned
some interesting things. Most defined a wil-
derness as any area with mature trees, water,
cleanliness, solitude, and beauty. We were
not very surprised that so many people in-
cluded beauty as a requisite for wilderness.
But we were surprised that so many appended
the remarks, "and it ought to have good roads
M let us in and see it."
This was shocker, because the original
Wilderness Act called for roadlessness as a
requirement for consideration of an area.
The solitude and unspoiled grandeur of
the Bob Marshall Wilderness in Montana is
very beautiful. But the trails of Shenandoah
National Park in Virginia are also beautiful,
?t would be difficult to find 5000 acres with-
a road in the Shenandoah, and it would
be difficult to pretend that the signs of man's
former babitation have disappeared from
"Where the hand of man
The Forest Service has,
must be primitive?vir
is but a visitor?or e
part of' the Wilderne
of the Mississippi
The first wilde ?
tion was the Gila
of the Gila Nati
Forest Service
1924, about
talists spons
Wilderness
ings?sig
Columb
This
an are
set f
is t
tio
?
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E 5244 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ?Extensions
the Shenandoah. But why search for the
signs of man's former use? The desired wil-
derness experience. Is available there now.
Deep in Abe Bob Marshall Wilderness it
is easy to ye that you are the only hu-
man who ever t foot there. But 80,000 acres
of the Bob Ma ? all have been logged over
since 1900. Woul ou therefore rule out the
Bob Marshall? If yfound the cliff dwellings
of the pre-Columb Indians, would you
rule out the 01la WI nese?
If some signs of ma still to be found
In a new wilderness are n a generation or
two they'll be obscured the actions of
nature. Can't we afford to ? up with that
process meanwhile? Isn't t better than
having no wilderness in this lion?
If you'll agree that wilder can be
'restored," then you will agree at It is
ridiculous to have ten million acre f wild-
erness in the West, where one-qu ?f our
population lives, and almost no wilde in
the East, where the other three-fourths us
live.
Stripping away the rhetoric, what are t
real reasons for the failure of the easter
half to get its share of Forest Service wild-
erness? Remember that the Forest Service
had a big head start in the West?they ori-
ginated the whole idea of wilderness. The
western National Forests were so huge that
they could easily spare the acreage for wild-
erness.
The national forests of Wyoming alone are
bigger than all of New Hampshire, nearly
as big as Maryland. The national forests of
California are just a bit bigger than the
whole state of Maine. New Mexico's national
forests are bigger than all of Massachusetts.
You could put four Connecticuts and two
Rhode Islands into the national forests of
Montana and have room left over for Dela-
ware to slip in on edge. With this tremen-
dous area in national forest, it was easy to
designate wilderness areas--almost unno-
ticed at Arst.
National forests in the East are compara-
tively small, Most of the forested lands in
the East are privately owned. The Wilder-
ness Act ruled out acquisition of privately
owned land by condemnation. The govern-
ment which cannot condemn land for pur-
chase cannot provide wilderness.
Western-oriented, the Sierra Club d
serves much of the credit for supplying
push in the West. The Sierra Club did
pude for wilderness areas in the East,
one did. So the East was left out in the
ten years of the Wilderness System p
It's time for a new look at the era
old, it must be thinking about gr up.
about maturing to fit the needs of 4 and
1894 and 2204. The youngster ? ed in
the West, where its aims were harmony
with the other purposes for ? the can-
didate lands were managed, where the
acreage could be "spared" I tremendous
area of national forest Ian I think tt is
time that the maturing w rotas program
starts to think about the Of the three-
quarters of our people w ye in the eastern
half of the nation,
Evidently Congress notes a lack or
progress by the For Service in the Ewa.
The tenth birthday the Act saw a spate
of Congressional 1 talon setting up wild-
erness areas in !cuter nationnl forests
regardless of For Services wishes or rec-
ommendations. example is H.R. 4380, in-
troduced by gressman Gude of Mary-
land. Oude's called for the designation
of 28 separa parcels of land in Alabama,
Missouri, Fl a, Arkansas, New Hampshire,
South Ca na, and Wisconsin. A dozen
comps ls testify to the coneressioeal
impatie with a system that has not pro-
duced desired wilderness results in the
Su will require more than corigression-
al d Von to provide instant wilderness.
It require iota of money to buy privately
owned lands. Congressmen who enthialas-
of Renuirts August 2, 1974
tically introduce authorizing legislation are
much lees enthusiastic about legislating the
r.cedeci funds.
To On suecessful, legislation for eastern
wilderness must specifically authorise cone
demoe.tion as a means of acquiring title to
eastern lands.
Without condeemation. them will be no
Wild...mesa Fast.
A misreading of RGAS regulations represents
another ?bated?. Contrary to popular opin-
ion, the present act does riot insist on a
minimum of 5000 acres But the wording of
the. 15w gave many the impression that it
"ought to be" 5000 acres. This impression is
a crippling requirement In the East, Proper
management can restore lands once abused
and meet* wilderness, regardless of the size
of the area.
Uncle Sam doesn't own enough land in the
Fast to solve our problem under the present
rules. Private land end clear redrafting oft
requirements must be the source of fut
e este re wilderness.
Conservntion-minded agencies are f of
saying "What we save today is ell will
ver have." This is definitely not the
Ilderness, The true situation i t What
n and construct today Is ? e east-
elderness we will have we plan
nstruct some more.
ona1 planning Is
of selecting the at
roses. We mu
a. assign 1
. and I
will sat
go
an
meth
ern ?
for se .
our pri
the need
the land a
new
Ore result
might wail
desigtied to
their aro
Pease. salt
many of
wildern
Th is
vested
trees
At
My sensible
future cost-
ae!y the need
rightful place in
be wilderness near
en we must buy
o rid construct Wilder-
ng wild
build Amine
mature and
time another a
d ;he logged area we
ted to start the w
Wildlife managers
this rotating concept
great wildlife value?ahundant
shelter?providing by the young
ing in the timbered areas.
Undoubtedly the concept of rotat
dernees is anathema to many readers. Is
this feeling the reeult of logical lb
merely en aversion to change?
To many. It is paradoxical to suggest
Need wilderness. But we are already
ing humanity wallet the wilderness areas
avoid damage caused by intensive use. We
disperse visitors over large areas, and still we
are forced to provide sanitary facilities or
risk it timing our paradise into a sewage dis-
posal sum. We have learned that we must
itnite access to wilderness, lest we destroy the
thing we admire by the sheer weight of our
admiring numbers.
We have wilderness ease We can have wil-
derreee east. We will have to pay for It, plan
for .1, and manage for IL There's no other
way.
ued regional planning
ing wildernews"?wassa
wilderness needs while
ture trees protide the
jestie seclusion which
d when we visualize
=Wet well be her-
homes when its
Into old age.
tdd come into
Intensively
cycle over
tbuslastIc
of the
and
grow-
GREEK INDEPENDENCE: OPINIONS
OF PROF. GEORGE ANASTAPLO
ON CYPRUS SITUATION
HON. RAY J. MADDEN
OF INDIANA
if: MK HOUSE OF REPREibFNTATIVES
Friday, August 2, 1974
Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, John An-
antaplc*, for many years one of the out-
standing radio commentators with sta-
tion WJO 3 in Hammond, Ind , has for-
warded to me exerpts from a nscript
of a radii Interview with brother,
George Anastaplo, an en it lecturer
and professor of poli science and
philosophy at the U ? - 'ty of Chicago
and Roam y College s fessor Anastaplo
has been reco international au-
thority cat Or tory and govern-
ment for
I am sub ng this interesting and
revealing rview of July 20, 1974, on
WJOB . Hammond. Ind.. for the en-
t of the membership:
.INTDOWN AND THE FOLLY OF THE
Gazes COLONELS
At IASTAPLOS. How does Is look on
, Oecrge? On the basis of the little
we we've been getting out of there, can
you give us some thoughts?
GEORGE rlIASTAPLO. My first thought is that
something has gone wrong with American
policy what two NATO allies such as Turkey
and Oreeo fight each other. I suppose one
can also sey these hostilities show us that
the govern nent in Athens is well on the way
to the find bankruptcy of its policies. I
know the 3reek military government to be
desperate. 1 expected them to do something
simply bee sue. they have been losing their
standing a home. What Is now happening is
partly the result of a miscalculation on the
part of the colonels: They may have figured
that the Turks wouldn't do anything if the
healcarlos government should be overthrown.
The action of the Greek army against Arch-
bishop Ma larks gave the Turks the oppor-
tunity and pretext to do it. Well, the chickens
hate cone home to roost for the Greek
colonels. That is, it does seem that the gov-
ernment 12. Athens. which was evidently be-
hind the ceup earlier this week against Ma-
karios, is in some way responsible for what
has happetied.
Josef. Abet do you know about this fel-
low Samp on, who is now the self-styled
President of Cyprus? Do you know anything
about him?
Ozoacet. Not very much. I gather he's not
a nice mar.
Jonas. Shen he took over last Monday, he
said that the government of Archbishop
Makarios sad tortured political opponents
and had so be toppled to avoid civil war.
That's a th rowback to what the colonels were
saying in April 1967, isn't it?
Chsoarez. The colonels weren't claiming tor-
ture then. That has been what the colonels'
opponents have claimed since then, and
with cons! lerable justification.
JOHN. Bat they were claiming in 1987 the
wasting of civil war.
zoacx. These is, I should notice first of
me question in the press about the
cheins now being made against the
Ma eovernment. The people who have
been d to have been tortured on Cyprus
are a id by others to be quite jolly and
untort looking when not In front of
cameras, lever threat of civil war there
was this week on Cyprus came because
of the cot of the contingent of Greek
officials stat d on Cyprus pursuant to the
treaty which abliithed the independence
of Cyprus Th ? officers are under the con-
trol of ties go'. ?ent in Athens. Makarios
has been ,rying et them out of there, or
to rotate hem frequently, for he saw
them as a threat to security. Whether he
went about getting t out of there in the
best possiole way re to be seen. It's
also evident that los has been, for
some years now, the o Miming favorite
Of the Ortak Cypriots.
.emsw. 'Nees Turkey f that the new
rulers will not be as arnica was Arch-
bishop ati karios when It c to getting
the two et hnic groups together
Cerosee. They know that arias has
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