MAP INTELLIGENCE REVIEW
Document Type:
Collection:
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST):
CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Release Decision:
RIPPUB
Original Classification:
S
Document Page Count:
64
Document Creation Date:
December 12, 2016
Document Release Date:
July 18, 2000
Sequence Number:
5
Case Number:
Publication Date:
June 1, 1953
Content Type:
REPORT
File:
Attachment | Size |
---|---|
CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7.pdf | 2.83 MB |
Body:
p n pv
roved For Releasq.1001/03/03 : CIA-RDPAAVCRpoistir 19.9poo5-7
,CONFIDEJ_ITA,
FOR RESEARCH AND REPORTS
MATIO
MAP INTE REVIEW
_Po ov or /Zetti-- &rt.
'DL Le irco ge Quistro
74 43 Ex-remstove.
21 ?cr. 1.0t1-3
focn/6,
sr/Pc
25X1A
25X1 C
ei A
CIA/RR MR-36S-6
June 1953
DOCUMENT NO, S
NO CHANGE IN CLASS. Li
El DECLASSIFIED
CLASS, CHANCED TO:
NEXT REVIEW DATE: A
AUT R7"
DAT EVIEWER: ??6514_,
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND REPORTS
State Dept. declassification & release instructions on file
REMO TO RECORDS CENTER
IMEDIIITELY AFITED USE
Approved For Release 2oolapziA3PA1A---RDP79-01005A00020
CONFIDENTIAL
Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
WARNING
This material contaim information affecting
the National Defense of the United States
within the meaning of the espionage laws,
'rite 18, USC, Secs. 793 and 794, the trans-
miuiion or revelation of which in any manner
to r.n unauthorized per3on is prohibited by law.
Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
CONFIDENTIAL
Approved For Release 2001/03/9/4; RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
S- _o**
MAP INTELLIGENCE REVIEW
CIA/RR MR -36S -6
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Office of Research and Reports
CONFIDENTIAL
Approved For Release 2001/034-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
25X1C
AR01111112ft
Approved For Release 2001/0 -RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
6-0 ,TION
CCNTENTS*
Page
I.
Europe
1
A.
Postwar Changes in the French Petroleum
Industry
1
B.
The Boundary Between the East and West Zones
of Germany
12
C.
Territorial Reorganization of Eastern Germany
(Soviet Zone)
16
D.
Austrian Boundary Problem
18
E.
Administrative Divisions of Poland
19
F.
Czechoslovak Mapping of Yugoslavia
22
II.
Near and Far East
25
A.
Status of Selected Persian Gulf Islands
25
B.
Three New 1:250,000 Sheets of Indochina
33
III. Pacific Islands 34-
A. Problems of Island Sovereignty in the
Pacific 34
B. Mapping of the United States -Trust Territory
of the Pacific Islands 45
* The individual classification for each article in this Review
is given at the end of the article.
COWMEN:1'1AL;
Approved For Release 2001/031r5ITRDP79-01005A000200020005-7
25X6
Approved For Release 2001/03/15DP79-01005A000200020005-7
MAPS
Following
Page
Germany: American-Soviet Border (CIA 12626). . .. .. . 15
Die Gliederung der Deutschen Demokratischen
Republik nach der neuen Verwaltungsstruktur
(CIA Reproduction 9250) 17
Poland: Administrative Division (CIA 11780) 21
Northern Persian Gulf: Disputed Islands (CIA 12386). . 25
Southeastern Persian Gulf: Disputed Islands
(CIA 12387). 25
Mariana Islands Mapping Project (CIA 12383) 46
Marshall Islands Survey Project (CIA 12384) 46
Caroline Islands Survey Project (CIA 12385) . . . 46
Approved For Release 2001/03
1301
-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/0
ONFIDENTIM!
MATION
9-01005A000200020005-7
I. EUROPE
A. POSTWAR ,CHANGES IN TRH, FRENCH PEIEOLEUM INDUSTRY
Four post-World War II developments stand out in the French petro-
leum industry. They are: (1) the major expansion and shift of the
primary crude oil production center in France from northern Alsace to
southwestern France; (2) the first significant production of natural
gas in France and the attendant construction of a pipeline distribu-
tion system for all major cities in the southwest; (3) the notable
expansion of exploration activities, chiefly in southern France; and
(4) the great increase in refinery production, utilizing Middle East
crude.
. Although France has extensive sedimentary formations map CIA
12616), only since the end of World War II has systematic exploration
for petroleum been carried on. Two 5-year plans are chiefly respon-
sible for the postwar exploration. The first (1946-50) cost the
country 45 billion francs; the second (1951-55) provided for 75
billion francs. To prospect the entire country would cost some 700
billion francs. Since further extensive exploration financed by the
Government is impossible, the Government is now trying to interest
private capital. In 1952, for example, a total of 18 billion francs
was devoted to prospecting, 11 billion of which were in the form of
government subsidies.1 The results of the expansion of
1. Combat, 2 and 3 September 1952.
Approved For Release 2001/03/03s79-01005A000200020005-7
CONFIDENTIAk
Approved For Release 2001/03fiatEcIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
exploration, in terms of drillings, are impressive:
Table 1
Annual Amount of Drillings, 1939-508
Year Total Depths
(Meters)
1939
47,000
1945
22,000
1949
84,000
1950
125,000
a. Le Pgtrole en France, approximately 1:1,500,000, 1952, CIA Call
No. 78784 (Unclassified).
Postwar exploration in France has centered largely in the south-
west, owing primarily to the discovery of the Lacq oil field, in
December 1949, by the Socigtg Nationale des Pgtroles d'Aquitaine
(S.N.P.A.). In 1942 S.N.P.A. had obtained the largest single con-
cession to date (2,500,000 hectares). A request of S.N.P.A. for an
additional 23,831 hectares was granted in October 1949. The eastern
half of the large -original concession is now being explored jointly
by S.N.P.A. and the R6gie Autonome des Petroles (R.A.P.). The Lacq
field is easily the leading domestic crude producer of France today,
its estimated 1953 production exceeding the second most productive
domestic field by 6 to 1.
- 2 -
Approved For Release 2001/03/WEIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
25X6
Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/03/0AliA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Table 2
Crude Oil Production by Fields, 1951 and 1953a
Field
1951
1953 (Estimated)
(Metric Tons)
Lacq
286,863
310,000
Pilchelbronn
56,817
50,000
Gallician
8
5,000
Staffelfelden
0
3,600
Total
343,688
368 600
a. Foreign Service Despatch 2661, Paris, Annual Petroleum Report --
France -- 1951, 9 April 1952, p. 3 (Confidential); and Foreign
Service Despatch 1330, Paris, Subsidy on Crude Oil Production to
Continue, 17 December 1952, p. 1 .(Restricted).
Since the same type of geologic materials extend well beyond the
Lacq field, both the French and Spanish sides of the S.N.P.A. con-
cessions are being explored. A large part of the Gironde Basin con-
tains the second largest single concession (approximately 1,800,000
hectares), granted to Standard Fransaise des P4troles (S.F.P.), an
affiliate of the Esso Standard Oil Company, in 1950. Drilling of the
first well was to take place in February 1953. The Superior Oil
Company of California applied for a 1,000,000-hectare concession
immediately north of this zone and had already started geologic work
In the area by September 1952. Still another concession, but much
smaller, was obtained by the SociA4 des Recherches Mineralogiques
des Deux Ayres (S.R.M.D.S.) as early as 1947 just north of the Superior
Oil Company grant. Indications of both oil and gas have been found
- 3 -
Approved For Release 2001/03/0?TVA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/Wi CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
there. Many responsible Spanish sources now view the areas north of
the Ebro River and in the Bilbao-Santander district as offering the
best prospects for finding petroleum in Spain.
Just east of Lacq is the St. Marcet natural gas field, which is
encompassed by a concession of 348,000 hectares granted to the R4ie
Autonome des P4tro1es. Discovered in April 1940, it has been steadily
increasing its yield since 1942:
Table 3
Natural Gas Production, 1942-51
Year
Cubic Meters
(Thousands)
194217;
9,000
1943
46,000
1944
66,000
1945
85,000
1946
110,000
1947
147,000
1948
174,000
1949
228,000
1950
245,000
1951c
285,000
a. Union des Chambres Syndicales de l'Industrie du P?trole,
L'Industrie Frangaise du Petrole, 1950, p.6.
b. Ie Petrole en France, approximately 1:1,500,000, 1952, CIA Call
No. 78784 (Unclassified).
c. Foreign Service Despatch 2661, Paris, Annual Petroleum Report --
France -- 1951, 9 April 1952, p.3 (Confidential).
- If-
Approved For Release 2001/0303RECIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
25X1A
Approved For Release 2001/03/0gicc*-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
All of the domestic natural gas production of France has thus
centered in the southwest. A pipeline system totaling 576 miles was
completed in 1949 and furnishes gas to Toulouse, Bordeaux, and the
other principal cities of the Gironde Valley. Natural gas, however,
still comprises only 10 percent of the country's total gas production.
Two external sources of supply have been suggested: (1) Iraq, via
2,500 miles of pipeline running through Greece, Yugoslavia, Trieste,
Italy, Austria, and Germany, entering northern France near Strasbourg
and terminating at Paris;1 and (2) Italy, via pipelines from the
northern part of the country to both France and Switzerland.
The small domestic supplies of natural gas and petroleum in re-
lation to demand have prompted exploration in other areas notably
the lower RhOne section, the Jura and Savoy areas, and northern Alsace.
The largest concession (1,1)4-0,600 hectares), in the RhOne area, was
obtained in 1946 and 1949 by the Societ4 Nationale des Petroles du
Languedoc M4diterranAen (S.N.P.L.M.). Oil has been found in the
southeastern part of the tract -- the Gallician field -- and modest
production is expected by 1953 (Table 2). Drilling for coal in
foothills of the Jura Mountains has revealed numerous evidences of
gas within the perimeter of an R.A.P. concession of 794,000 hectares
granted in February 1950. Several small gas wells have been drilled,
and production in this area may eventually rival that of the St. Marcet
- 5
Approved For Release 2001/03/0Y9M-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/R1M,: CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
field. R.A.P. has also obtained a concession of 125,000 hectares
(March 1950) in the Savoy area south of Geneva, Switzerland, and
drillings have already been inaugurated.
The Pechelbronn field in northern Alsace, the oldest oil-pro-
ducing field in France (first strike in 1735), is second to Lacq in
production. It iB a poor second, however, and production is declining
(Table 2). The operators, Societe' Anonyme d'Exploitations Minibres
Pgchelbronn (S.A.E.M.P.), nevertheless are further exploring their
two small concessions in northern Alsace, as well as undertaking a
Joint exploration program with the government Bureau de Recherches
de P4tro1e in the southern part of the province. Oil has recently
been found at Staffelfelden in southern Alsace, and a small yield is
expected for 1953 (Table 2).
Table 4
Domestic Crude Production, 1939-52
Year
Annual Production
(Metric Tons)
1939
69,000
1945
25,000
1949
54,000
1950
125,000
19518
292,839
1952b
347,000
a. Le,Petrole en France, approximately 1:1,500,000, 1952, CIA Call
No. 78784 (Unclassified).
b. Foreign Service Despatch 1421, Paris, Preliminary Statistics --
French Petroleum Industry -- 1952, 5 January 1953 (Restricted).
- 6 -
Approved For Release 2001/031MICIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/03/0EW-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Although France has always been a major refiner on the continent,
several reasons for the prodigious postwar expansion are worthy of
mention: (1) insurance against unexpected loss of source of refined
products from other areas, such as the successive loss of American
and Dutch refining sources due to increased American consumption,
the denial of refined products from Rumania due to political cir-
cumstances after World Wars I and II, and more recently the shutdown
of the Abadan refinery in Iran; (2) greatly increased postwar con-
sumption of higher octane fuels, lubricating oils with a high index
of viscosity, and road asphalt and liquefied petroleum (butane and
propane); (3) need to compensate for the country's chronic coal
scarcity; (4) need for an important support of the postwar revival
of the French economy. One of the most important aspects of the last
is to save on hard currency by reducing imports of petroleum products
from the dollar zone. The French refining Andustry is making a major
effort to concentrate more and more on the Middle East fields as a
source of supply where payments can be made in French francs or pounds
sterling.
Middle
French imports as
percent came from
East supplies in 1952 constituted 90 percent of.
against 45 percent before the war, and only 0.5
the United States as against 38 percent. in 1938.1
Most of the dollar payments to date have been made through the aid of
the Marshall Plan, which in turn works through the Monnet plan, the
blueprint for French refinery expansion.
1. Union des Chambres Syndicales de l'Industrie du 14trole,
Fran9aise,du Petrole, 1950, p. 14.
7
Approved For Release 2001/03/0FF1rA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/0NpAiCIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Table 5
Imports of Petroleum Products, 1938-52a
Year
Refined Crude
(Thousands of Metric Tons
1938
1,325
6,933
1945
1,791
303
1946
2,692
2,805
1949
423
11,528
1950
157
14,500
1951
278b
18,100c
1952
___b
21,100c
a. Le P4tro1e en France, approximately 1:1,500,000, 1952, CIA Call
No. 78784 (Unclassified).
b. Combat, 2 and 3 September 1952 (data for 1952 unavailable).
c. Foreign Service Despatch 1421, Paris, Preliminary Statistics --
French Petroleum Industry -- 1952, 5 January 1953 (Restricted).
Increase of refinery production has been through improvement of
refinery capacities, rather than construction of more refineries.
The areal distribution of refineries in France has changed little
since 1938. The greatest concentrations are at the mouths of the
Seine (the "Complexe de Havre") and of the Rheme ("Complexe de
25X6 Atang de Berre") Together, the Gonfreville,
Port-Jerome, Gravenchon, and Petit-Couronne refineries of the Le
Havre complex and the La MAde, Lavera, Berre, and Frontignan re-
fineries of the itang de Berre complex produced approximately 80 per-
cent of all the crude refined in France in 1951. While this pro-
portion represents, at the most, only about a 5 percent increase over
the 1938 figure, the comparative importance of the two concentrations
- 8 -
Approved For Release 2001/0316inIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/03/06ESAA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
has changed dramatically. The Le Havre complex has doubled production
since 1938, but its proportion of total French production decreased
from 50 to 37 percent; the Etang de Berre complex has quadrupled pro-
duction since before the war and surpassed the le Havre area, thus
increasing its proportion of total French production from 25 to 42
percent.]- This shift is due in,great part to (1) the tang de Berre
refineries being approximately 2,200 miles closer than the Le Havre
installations to the Middle East fields and (2) the current emphasis
on procurement of "franc oil." These factors, plus the natural
harbor facilities, promise a continued preeminence for this section
in the French refining picture. Good port facilities at Le Havre
and adjacency to the main area of petroleum consumption, as well as
to the major industrial region of northern France, forecast increasing
importance for the refineries of the Le Havre mode:
1. Percentages based on planned individual refinery capacities for
1952 (Table 6) and the 1951 total refinery production (18,500,000
metric tons), which was one year ahead of schedule.
- 9 -
Approved For Release 2001/03/0Pc64-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Table 6
Refinery
Refinery
Companya
Production,
1938b
----(Thous-ands
1938-50
1 Jan 49b 1 Jan 50b 1952-53 (est.)b
of Metric Tons of Crude)
Dunkirk
S.G.H.P.
520
0
300
1,400
LE HAVRE COMPLEX
Gonfreville
C.F.R.
1,600:C2)000
2,200
2,100c
Port-Jerome
S .F.P.
1,224
0
2,000
2,695
Gravenchon
S.V.F.
250
840
850
800c
Petit-Couronne
S.-B.
750
1,600
1,600
1,380c
Donges
R.F.P.A.
320
660
700
1,000
Ambes
R.P.G.
223
0
600
960
Pauillac
S.-B.
540
200
200
165
TANG DE BERRE COMPLEX
La Mede
C.F.R.
900
1,700
1,800
3,900
Lavera
S.G.H.P.
550
1,200
1,400
1,000c
Berre
S.-B.
600
1,200
1,200
2,300
Frontignan
S.V.G.
210
360
1,000
800c
PAchelbronn
S .A .E .M .P .
14o
55
55
75
Total
7,827
12O15
13,905
18,575
a. S.G.H.P. Societe Generale des Huiles de Petrole (Anglo-Iranian affiliate); C.F.R. --
Compagnie Franvaise des petroles; S.F.P. -- Standard Francaise des Petroles (Esso affi-
liate); S.V.F. Socony Vacuum Franpise; S.-B. -- Shell-Berre; R.F.P.A. Raffineries
Petroles de l'Atlantique; R.P.G. Raffinerie Petrole de la Gironde (Caltex affiliate).
b. Union des Chambres de l'Industrie du Petrole, L'Industrie du Petrole 1950, Paris, 1950,
/F. 287.
C.
In certain refineries, cracking units are now being used for distillation. When, in
order to obtain a higher octane rating, they are again used for cracking, the capacity
of the refinery for treating crude will necessarily be reduced.
Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
25X1A
Approved For Release 2001/03/0h-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Distributional facilities have been greatly improved in both the
Le Havre and Etang de Berre complexes, especially the pipelines. In-
creased refinery production and imports of petroleum crude, insuf-
ficient depth of the Seine River for newly enlarged tankers, and the
need for releasing other transportation facilities for movement of
fuel oils and other petroleum products have prompted construction of
two pipelines from the port of Le Havre to the interior. A200-mile
line completed in 1952 transports gasoline, premium motor fuel, and
gas-oil from the Le Havre refineries to the Paris area
Paralleling this route between Le Havre and the Petit-Couronne re-
finery is a 53-mile pipeline for crude, which was built between 1951
and 1952.1
Shallow depths and larger tankers have also promoted pipeline con-
struction in the Etang de Berre area. Pipelines totaling 33 miles
in length connect the refineries of Berre and La Ade with the coast.2
Sea lines are utilized for tankers that stop at the port of Ste for
the purpose of supplying the Frontignan refinery. In the meantime,
the channel connecting the Mediterranean with the inland lake (the
Atang de Berre) is being deepened, and a modern tanker port is being
constructed at Lav4ra. A long-range plan has been proposed by which
the Atang de Berre refineries will supply Lyons, and eventually Basel,
Switzerland, via pipeline.
- 11
Approved For Release 2001/03/03Eta-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
25X6
25X1A
Approved For Release 2001E4p, : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Refineries exclusive of the Le Havre and gtang de Berre complexes,
at Dunkirk, Donges, and Amb'es, have also greatly enlarged their
capacity for refining crude. The Donges area has special significance,
for it marks the western terminus of a proposed 440-mi1e pipeline ex-
tending in almost a straight line as far east as Metz)- Final agree-
ment between the French and United States governments on the project
was expected in March 1953. The United States, which instigated and
will finance the project, hopes to have this line feed a planned 625-
mile network of fuel lines in Western Germany.2 All of the 14 NATO
nations will use the network to supply the numerous military air
bases in France, Belgium, the Netherlands, West Germany, and Luxem-
bourg. Both the American feeder line and the West Germany system
will serve two purposes in case of attack by the Soviet Union. They
will enable the Western allies to send their jet fighters and bombers
as far forward to the Iron Curtain as is safe, and they will be less
.vulnerable to attack than tank cars and trucks. (SECRET)
B THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE EAST AND WEST ZONES OF GERMANY
The series of border incidents that have occurred between East and
West Germany emphasizes the rather indefinite character of the zonal
demarcation line. A few typical incidents that have been reported
2. Journal of Commerce, 5 March 1953.
-12 -
Approved For Release 2001/Ongr: CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
SECRET
are: occupation by Soviet troops of a strip of territory 1,000 yards
long and 150 yards wide near Asbach along the US-Soviet zonal border;
seizure of a small strip of Western Germany, 190 yards long and 165
yards wide, near Ratzeburg, southeast of LUbeck; and the kidnaping
at Hoetensleben of 43 West German workers, who were later re-
leased.
The following interpretations of these border incidents have been
suggested:
1. Soviet and East German authorities are making a major effort
to tighten security and further isolate East Germany from
the West, but have encountered difficulties in determining
exactly where the border runs because of. the various boundary
adjustments made in 1945 and later.
2. The Soviets are making an attempt to return to the original
1945 boundaries and to avoid all informal changes made in the
postwar period.
3. These incidents, like recent occurrences in Berlin, are part
of a Soviet program of intimidation and represent a probing
Of Allied reactions.
25X1 A
- 13 -
SECRET
Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
SECRET
The lack of information by the authorities as to the exact geo-
graphic boundary has further complicated the problem. The Soviet
Zone boundary was originally defined in rather general terms as coin-
ciding with the boundaries of various Lgnder and Kreise. In several
????????????=11???=.1
instances, field commanders on both sides appear to have modified
the original line by exchange of territory in order to make the
boundary more workable. It is not known whether all of these changes
were recorded in written and signed documents.
series of 48 sheets at the scale of 1:25,000, entitled Map of
the Boundary Between the US and the USSR Occupation Zones of Germany,
1952 (CIA Library Call No. 79825), and 5 tracings, Map of Problem
Areas on the US-Soviet Zonal Border of Germany, 1952 (CIA Library
Call No. 79826), show the present course of the boundary. The
border as depicted on the map tracings is the result of recent ground
surveys made by the U.S. Army and the Office of Political Affairs,
HICOG. Where there is more than one boundary, the lines refresent
delineations accepted by various groups for their awn use. These
"areas of dispute" are being investigated by the Office of Political
Affairs in order to determine which should be officially accepted as
the boundary. No decision has yet been reached, and as a result all
of the lines must be considered as "unofficial" boundaries. It is
assumed that the rest of the boundary line is not in dispute.
The areas of dispute as shown on the 1:25,000 sheets and the 5
tracings, with an explanation of each, are as follows (the attached
Approved For Release 2001/03/QadMA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/03/021a0A-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
map, CIA 12626, is for general locational purposes only):
. Maps #4 (Witzenhausen, Sheet )4625), #7 (Bad Sooden-Allendorf,
Sheet 4725), and #8 (Grebendorf, Sheet 4726).
The blue line represents the new or present "official"
boundary (vicinity of Rimbach). It is the result of a written
agreement between Brigadier General Sexton, Commanding General,
US 3d Infantry Division, and Major General Askalepov, Com-
manding General of the Soviet 77th Guard Infantry Division.
This line modified the original written European Advisory
Committee agreement of 1944 (shown by the'red line). The
black line is the one accepted by the US military as their
"usage" boundary. The green line is the "usage" border of
the German civil authorities. The borders shown on these
three sheets have only one area of direct conflict -- at
Ober- and Untermuehle (Asbach area) -- where a 10-meter-wide
security zone now exists. (See Map #8, Grebendorf, Sheet
4726, black circle).
2. Theobaldshof Tracing, 1:1,000 (shown on Map 42l, Tann, Sheet
5326); at grid square 14, 73.
The European Advisory Committee accepted the original Land
border (shown in red) rather than the modified boundary, shown
in black, which the Germans had established during the war.
However, the Soviets have a plowed control strip (10 meters
wide), which in pne instance is not in agreement with either
of the two Land bOundaries.
Schauberg Tracing (shown as Map #28, Spechtsbrunn (Langenau),
Sheet 5533); in grid square 61, 86.
The border was modified from the red line to the green line
(along the river bank) to allow the Bavarians to use the high-
way which borders the Tettau River in the village of Schauberg.
4. .Klein-Tettau Tracing (Kleintettau), 1:5,000 (shown on Map #28,
Spechtsbrunn (Langenau), Sheet 5533)5 in grid square 62, 94.
The border as it exists is shown by the red line. The houses
located at the "I's" are considered by the East Zone Authori-
ties to be in the West Zone.
Falkenstein Tracing, approximately 1:500 (shown on Map #25,
Leutenberg, Sheet 5434); approximately at grid square 03,!i-5
(blue numbers),
15 _
SECRET
Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/#20*: CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
The red line is the original Land boundary between ThEringen
and Bayern. It has been modified to the green line.
6. Zweiswassermdhl (e) Tracing (shown on Map #39, Teuschnitz,
? Sheet 5634); in grid square 77, 85.
The boundary follows the solid red line along the two brooks.
However, at their junction, the two houses shown by black
dots apparently have been considered by both sides to be in
the US Zone. The present line is shown as dotted red. (SECRET)
C. intHITORIAL REORGANIZATION OF EASTERN GERMANY (SOVIET ZONE)
The recent territorial changes in Eastern Germany (Soviet Zone)
are part of a planned program for conversion of that region into a
full-fledged "people's democracy." The creation of a new category
of administrative unit follows the pattern of area reorganization in
other Communist states (such as Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia) and in
parts of China.
On 23 July 1952, Premier Grotewohl of the "German Democratic Re-
public" introduced before the People's Chamber a bill for the terri-
torial reorganization of Eastern Germany.1 According to Grotewohl,
the existence of the Lander (states) in their present form, with
their considerable powers of self.-government, is a hindrance to the
planning and development of the state economy. Increasing centraliza-
tion in the economic field has reduced the importance of the TAnder.,
and the Land and Kreis (county) boundaries in many cases no longer
correspond to economic conditions.
1. The reorganization took place in August and September 1952.
-16-
Approved For Release 2001/037dMIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
51
10
1
BRITISH I
AMERICAN
0 Eisenach
..? ? ? ,E
. ... ..... ......
-
.
- -
.
S 0
0 Bchmalkalden
0 Meiningen
NIThlfe!cl 0
0
I
Ar
0
GERMANY
-SOVIET BORDER
Arlimr5 Area in dispute
(numbers refer to text)
Zonal boundary
fl
...
.....
.
........
Sonneberg
0
AY
N
HALLE
?
.
e:
?
'........???"*.
' :
0 Weimar
?
.?
Jena a
..................:
Z 0 N
G E
0 Saalfeld
0 Leutenberg
. ? .
... 5
?
4 Falkenstein
?
Kleintettau
? Schauberg
0 Zweiwassermuhle
Teuschnitz
ERN
E
GERMANY
LOCATION MAP
Saar '. I IA
BRITISH
ZONE
t
0
ZONE
7.. ne hausen
RImbach
0 .
1
Wahlhausen ? Asbach
?
Bad Sooden- 0
Allendorf
Grebendorf 0
Eschwege 0
HESSEN
Herleshausen
Honebach 0 Berka
0
? .
? Vacha
0
Unterbreizbach
a Geisa
2
tee
0 Theobaldshof.
0
Tann
i
'7)
4 Mellrichstadt
.4)
,
0
0 Bad Kissingen
i
SOVIET
ZONE
..??? \\\????,,,,,,,,
.,...
:
.'? ;,,,
AMERICAN
ZONE
1.
-t-
50 100 270 M ILES
? ? Land boundary
Bezirk boundary.
--- International boundary'
5 10 20 MILES
::
....
?
0 5 10 2.0 KILOMETERS
1
RESTRICTED
a Erfurt
0 Gotha
R F U R T
V I E T
. . . ? ? -...".
'''? ? ?? ???
? ? .
. . . .
'-?..? ? . .. ?
.. .
0 Suhl
S U H L
0 Rodach
Neustadt 0
0 Coburg
B
Z 0
i
? 5,01?. ROO KILOMETERS
E
R
,seOperg