MAP INTELLIGENCE REVIEW

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Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7
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RIPPUB
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S
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64
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December 12, 2016
Document Release Date: 
July 18, 2000
Sequence Number: 
5
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Publication Date: 
June 1, 1953
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REPORT
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PDF icon CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7.pdf2.83 MB
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p n pv roved For Releasq.1001/03/03 : CIA-RDPAAVCRpoistir 19.9poo5-7 ,CONFIDEJ_ITA, FOR RESEARCH AND REPORTS MATIO MAP INTE REVIEW _Po ov or /Zetti-- &rt. 'DL Le irco ge Quistro 74 43 Ex-remstove. 21 ?cr. 1.0t1-3 focn/6, sr/Pc 25X1A 25X1 C ei A CIA/RR MR-36S-6 June 1953 DOCUMENT NO, S NO CHANGE IN CLASS. Li El DECLASSIFIED CLASS, CHANCED TO: NEXT REVIEW DATE: A AUT R7" DAT EVIEWER: ??6514_, CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND REPORTS State Dept. declassification & release instructions on file REMO TO RECORDS CENTER IMEDIIITELY AFITED USE Approved For Release 2oolapziA3PA1A---RDP79-01005A00020 CONFIDENTIAL Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 WARNING This material contaim information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the espionage laws, 'rite 18, USC, Secs. 793 and 794, the trans- miuiion or revelation of which in any manner to r.n unauthorized per3on is prohibited by law. Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 CONFIDENTIAL Approved For Release 2001/03/9/4; RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 S- _o** MAP INTELLIGENCE REVIEW CIA/RR MR -36S -6 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Office of Research and Reports CONFIDENTIAL Approved For Release 2001/034-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 25X1C AR01111112ft Approved For Release 2001/0 -RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 6-0 ,TION CCNTENTS* Page I. Europe 1 A. Postwar Changes in the French Petroleum Industry 1 B. The Boundary Between the East and West Zones of Germany 12 C. Territorial Reorganization of Eastern Germany (Soviet Zone) 16 D. Austrian Boundary Problem 18 E. Administrative Divisions of Poland 19 F. Czechoslovak Mapping of Yugoslavia 22 II. Near and Far East 25 A. Status of Selected Persian Gulf Islands 25 B. Three New 1:250,000 Sheets of Indochina 33 III. Pacific Islands 34- A. Problems of Island Sovereignty in the Pacific 34 B. Mapping of the United States -Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands 45 * The individual classification for each article in this Review is given at the end of the article. COWMEN:1'1AL; Approved For Release 2001/031r5ITRDP79-01005A000200020005-7 25X6 Approved For Release 2001/03/15DP79-01005A000200020005-7 MAPS Following Page Germany: American-Soviet Border (CIA 12626). . .. .. . 15 Die Gliederung der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik nach der neuen Verwaltungsstruktur (CIA Reproduction 9250) 17 Poland: Administrative Division (CIA 11780) 21 Northern Persian Gulf: Disputed Islands (CIA 12386). . 25 Southeastern Persian Gulf: Disputed Islands (CIA 12387). 25 Mariana Islands Mapping Project (CIA 12383) 46 Marshall Islands Survey Project (CIA 12384) 46 Caroline Islands Survey Project (CIA 12385) . . . 46 Approved For Release 2001/03 1301 -RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/0 ONFIDENTIM! MATION 9-01005A000200020005-7 I. EUROPE A. POSTWAR ,CHANGES IN TRH, FRENCH PEIEOLEUM INDUSTRY Four post-World War II developments stand out in the French petro- leum industry. They are: (1) the major expansion and shift of the primary crude oil production center in France from northern Alsace to southwestern France; (2) the first significant production of natural gas in France and the attendant construction of a pipeline distribu- tion system for all major cities in the southwest; (3) the notable expansion of exploration activities, chiefly in southern France; and (4) the great increase in refinery production, utilizing Middle East crude. . Although France has extensive sedimentary formations map CIA 12616), only since the end of World War II has systematic exploration for petroleum been carried on. Two 5-year plans are chiefly respon- sible for the postwar exploration. The first (1946-50) cost the country 45 billion francs; the second (1951-55) provided for 75 billion francs. To prospect the entire country would cost some 700 billion francs. Since further extensive exploration financed by the Government is impossible, the Government is now trying to interest private capital. In 1952, for example, a total of 18 billion francs was devoted to prospecting, 11 billion of which were in the form of government subsidies.1 The results of the expansion of 1. Combat, 2 and 3 September 1952. Approved For Release 2001/03/03s79-01005A000200020005-7 CONFIDENTIAk Approved For Release 2001/03fiatEcIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 exploration, in terms of drillings, are impressive: Table 1 Annual Amount of Drillings, 1939-508 Year Total Depths (Meters) 1939 47,000 1945 22,000 1949 84,000 1950 125,000 a. Le Pgtrole en France, approximately 1:1,500,000, 1952, CIA Call No. 78784 (Unclassified). Postwar exploration in France has centered largely in the south- west, owing primarily to the discovery of the Lacq oil field, in December 1949, by the Socigtg Nationale des Pgtroles d'Aquitaine (S.N.P.A.). In 1942 S.N.P.A. had obtained the largest single con- cession to date (2,500,000 hectares). A request of S.N.P.A. for an additional 23,831 hectares was granted in October 1949. The eastern half of the large -original concession is now being explored jointly by S.N.P.A. and the R6gie Autonome des Petroles (R.A.P.). The Lacq field is easily the leading domestic crude producer of France today, its estimated 1953 production exceeding the second most productive domestic field by 6 to 1. - 2 - Approved For Release 2001/03/WEIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 25X6 Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/03/0AliA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Table 2 Crude Oil Production by Fields, 1951 and 1953a Field 1951 1953 (Estimated) (Metric Tons) Lacq 286,863 310,000 Pilchelbronn 56,817 50,000 Gallician 8 5,000 Staffelfelden 0 3,600 Total 343,688 368 600 a. Foreign Service Despatch 2661, Paris, Annual Petroleum Report -- France -- 1951, 9 April 1952, p. 3 (Confidential); and Foreign Service Despatch 1330, Paris, Subsidy on Crude Oil Production to Continue, 17 December 1952, p. 1 .(Restricted). Since the same type of geologic materials extend well beyond the Lacq field, both the French and Spanish sides of the S.N.P.A. con- cessions are being explored. A large part of the Gironde Basin con- tains the second largest single concession (approximately 1,800,000 hectares), granted to Standard Fransaise des P4troles (S.F.P.), an affiliate of the Esso Standard Oil Company, in 1950. Drilling of the first well was to take place in February 1953. The Superior Oil Company of California applied for a 1,000,000-hectare concession immediately north of this zone and had already started geologic work In the area by September 1952. Still another concession, but much smaller, was obtained by the SociA4 des Recherches Mineralogiques des Deux Ayres (S.R.M.D.S.) as early as 1947 just north of the Superior Oil Company grant. Indications of both oil and gas have been found - 3 - Approved For Release 2001/03/0?TVA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/Wi CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 there. Many responsible Spanish sources now view the areas north of the Ebro River and in the Bilbao-Santander district as offering the best prospects for finding petroleum in Spain. Just east of Lacq is the St. Marcet natural gas field, which is encompassed by a concession of 348,000 hectares granted to the R4ie Autonome des P4tro1es. Discovered in April 1940, it has been steadily increasing its yield since 1942: Table 3 Natural Gas Production, 1942-51 Year Cubic Meters (Thousands) 194217; 9,000 1943 46,000 1944 66,000 1945 85,000 1946 110,000 1947 147,000 1948 174,000 1949 228,000 1950 245,000 1951c 285,000 a. Union des Chambres Syndicales de l'Industrie du P?trole, L'Industrie Frangaise du Petrole, 1950, p.6. b. Ie Petrole en France, approximately 1:1,500,000, 1952, CIA Call No. 78784 (Unclassified). c. Foreign Service Despatch 2661, Paris, Annual Petroleum Report -- France -- 1951, 9 April 1952, p.3 (Confidential). - If- Approved For Release 2001/0303RECIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 25X1A Approved For Release 2001/03/0gicc*-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 All of the domestic natural gas production of France has thus centered in the southwest. A pipeline system totaling 576 miles was completed in 1949 and furnishes gas to Toulouse, Bordeaux, and the other principal cities of the Gironde Valley. Natural gas, however, still comprises only 10 percent of the country's total gas production. Two external sources of supply have been suggested: (1) Iraq, via 2,500 miles of pipeline running through Greece, Yugoslavia, Trieste, Italy, Austria, and Germany, entering northern France near Strasbourg and terminating at Paris;1 and (2) Italy, via pipelines from the northern part of the country to both France and Switzerland. The small domestic supplies of natural gas and petroleum in re- lation to demand have prompted exploration in other areas notably the lower RhOne section, the Jura and Savoy areas, and northern Alsace. The largest concession (1,1)4-0,600 hectares), in the RhOne area, was obtained in 1946 and 1949 by the Societ4 Nationale des Petroles du Languedoc M4diterranAen (S.N.P.L.M.). Oil has been found in the southeastern part of the tract -- the Gallician field -- and modest production is expected by 1953 (Table 2). Drilling for coal in foothills of the Jura Mountains has revealed numerous evidences of gas within the perimeter of an R.A.P. concession of 794,000 hectares granted in February 1950. Several small gas wells have been drilled, and production in this area may eventually rival that of the St. Marcet - 5 Approved For Release 2001/03/0Y9M-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/R1M,: CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 field. R.A.P. has also obtained a concession of 125,000 hectares (March 1950) in the Savoy area south of Geneva, Switzerland, and drillings have already been inaugurated. The Pechelbronn field in northern Alsace, the oldest oil-pro- ducing field in France (first strike in 1735), is second to Lacq in production. It iB a poor second, however, and production is declining (Table 2). The operators, Societe' Anonyme d'Exploitations Minibres Pgchelbronn (S.A.E.M.P.), nevertheless are further exploring their two small concessions in northern Alsace, as well as undertaking a Joint exploration program with the government Bureau de Recherches de P4tro1e in the southern part of the province. Oil has recently been found at Staffelfelden in southern Alsace, and a small yield is expected for 1953 (Table 2). Table 4 Domestic Crude Production, 1939-52 Year Annual Production (Metric Tons) 1939 69,000 1945 25,000 1949 54,000 1950 125,000 19518 292,839 1952b 347,000 a. Le,Petrole en France, approximately 1:1,500,000, 1952, CIA Call No. 78784 (Unclassified). b. Foreign Service Despatch 1421, Paris, Preliminary Statistics -- French Petroleum Industry -- 1952, 5 January 1953 (Restricted). - 6 - Approved For Release 2001/031MICIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/03/0EW-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Although France has always been a major refiner on the continent, several reasons for the prodigious postwar expansion are worthy of mention: (1) insurance against unexpected loss of source of refined products from other areas, such as the successive loss of American and Dutch refining sources due to increased American consumption, the denial of refined products from Rumania due to political cir- cumstances after World Wars I and II, and more recently the shutdown of the Abadan refinery in Iran; (2) greatly increased postwar con- sumption of higher octane fuels, lubricating oils with a high index of viscosity, and road asphalt and liquefied petroleum (butane and propane); (3) need to compensate for the country's chronic coal scarcity; (4) need for an important support of the postwar revival of the French economy. One of the most important aspects of the last is to save on hard currency by reducing imports of petroleum products from the dollar zone. The French refining Andustry is making a major effort to concentrate more and more on the Middle East fields as a source of supply where payments can be made in French francs or pounds sterling. Middle French imports as percent came from East supplies in 1952 constituted 90 percent of. against 45 percent before the war, and only 0.5 the United States as against 38 percent. in 1938.1 Most of the dollar payments to date have been made through the aid of the Marshall Plan, which in turn works through the Monnet plan, the blueprint for French refinery expansion. 1. Union des Chambres Syndicales de l'Industrie du 14trole, Fran9aise,du Petrole, 1950, p. 14. 7 Approved For Release 2001/03/0FF1rA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/0NpAiCIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Table 5 Imports of Petroleum Products, 1938-52a Year Refined Crude (Thousands of Metric Tons 1938 1,325 6,933 1945 1,791 303 1946 2,692 2,805 1949 423 11,528 1950 157 14,500 1951 278b 18,100c 1952 ___b 21,100c a. Le P4tro1e en France, approximately 1:1,500,000, 1952, CIA Call No. 78784 (Unclassified). b. Combat, 2 and 3 September 1952 (data for 1952 unavailable). c. Foreign Service Despatch 1421, Paris, Preliminary Statistics -- French Petroleum Industry -- 1952, 5 January 1953 (Restricted). Increase of refinery production has been through improvement of refinery capacities, rather than construction of more refineries. The areal distribution of refineries in France has changed little since 1938. The greatest concentrations are at the mouths of the Seine (the "Complexe de Havre") and of the Rheme ("Complexe de 25X6 Atang de Berre") Together, the Gonfreville, Port-Jerome, Gravenchon, and Petit-Couronne refineries of the Le Havre complex and the La MAde, Lavera, Berre, and Frontignan re- fineries of the itang de Berre complex produced approximately 80 per- cent of all the crude refined in France in 1951. While this pro- portion represents, at the most, only about a 5 percent increase over the 1938 figure, the comparative importance of the two concentrations - 8 - Approved For Release 2001/0316inIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/03/06ESAA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 has changed dramatically. The Le Havre complex has doubled production since 1938, but its proportion of total French production decreased from 50 to 37 percent; the Etang de Berre complex has quadrupled pro- duction since before the war and surpassed the le Havre area, thus increasing its proportion of total French production from 25 to 42 percent.]- This shift is due in,great part to (1) the tang de Berre refineries being approximately 2,200 miles closer than the Le Havre installations to the Middle East fields and (2) the current emphasis on procurement of "franc oil." These factors, plus the natural harbor facilities, promise a continued preeminence for this section in the French refining picture. Good port facilities at Le Havre and adjacency to the main area of petroleum consumption, as well as to the major industrial region of northern France, forecast increasing importance for the refineries of the Le Havre mode: 1. Percentages based on planned individual refinery capacities for 1952 (Table 6) and the 1951 total refinery production (18,500,000 metric tons), which was one year ahead of schedule. - 9 - Approved For Release 2001/03/0Pc64-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Table 6 Refinery Refinery Companya Production, 1938b ----(Thous-ands 1938-50 1 Jan 49b 1 Jan 50b 1952-53 (est.)b of Metric Tons of Crude) Dunkirk S.G.H.P. 520 0 300 1,400 LE HAVRE COMPLEX Gonfreville C.F.R. 1,600:C2)000 2,200 2,100c Port-Jerome S .F.P. 1,224 0 2,000 2,695 Gravenchon S.V.F. 250 840 850 800c Petit-Couronne S.-B. 750 1,600 1,600 1,380c Donges R.F.P.A. 320 660 700 1,000 Ambes R.P.G. 223 0 600 960 Pauillac S.-B. 540 200 200 165 TANG DE BERRE COMPLEX La Mede C.F.R. 900 1,700 1,800 3,900 Lavera S.G.H.P. 550 1,200 1,400 1,000c Berre S.-B. 600 1,200 1,200 2,300 Frontignan S.V.G. 210 360 1,000 800c PAchelbronn S .A .E .M .P . 14o 55 55 75 Total 7,827 12O15 13,905 18,575 a. S.G.H.P. Societe Generale des Huiles de Petrole (Anglo-Iranian affiliate); C.F.R. -- Compagnie Franvaise des petroles; S.F.P. -- Standard Francaise des Petroles (Esso affi- liate); S.V.F. Socony Vacuum Franpise; S.-B. -- Shell-Berre; R.F.P.A. Raffineries Petroles de l'Atlantique; R.P.G. Raffinerie Petrole de la Gironde (Caltex affiliate). b. Union des Chambres de l'Industrie du Petrole, L'Industrie du Petrole 1950, Paris, 1950, /F. 287. C. In certain refineries, cracking units are now being used for distillation. When, in order to obtain a higher octane rating, they are again used for cracking, the capacity of the refinery for treating crude will necessarily be reduced. Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 25X1A Approved For Release 2001/03/0h-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Distributional facilities have been greatly improved in both the Le Havre and Etang de Berre complexes, especially the pipelines. In- creased refinery production and imports of petroleum crude, insuf- ficient depth of the Seine River for newly enlarged tankers, and the need for releasing other transportation facilities for movement of fuel oils and other petroleum products have prompted construction of two pipelines from the port of Le Havre to the interior. A200-mile line completed in 1952 transports gasoline, premium motor fuel, and gas-oil from the Le Havre refineries to the Paris area Paralleling this route between Le Havre and the Petit-Couronne re- finery is a 53-mile pipeline for crude, which was built between 1951 and 1952.1 Shallow depths and larger tankers have also promoted pipeline con- struction in the Etang de Berre area. Pipelines totaling 33 miles in length connect the refineries of Berre and La Ade with the coast.2 Sea lines are utilized for tankers that stop at the port of Ste for the purpose of supplying the Frontignan refinery. In the meantime, the channel connecting the Mediterranean with the inland lake (the Atang de Berre) is being deepened, and a modern tanker port is being constructed at Lav4ra. A long-range plan has been proposed by which the Atang de Berre refineries will supply Lyons, and eventually Basel, Switzerland, via pipeline. - 11 Approved For Release 2001/03/03Eta-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 25X6 25X1A Approved For Release 2001E4p, : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Refineries exclusive of the Le Havre and gtang de Berre complexes, at Dunkirk, Donges, and Amb'es, have also greatly enlarged their capacity for refining crude. The Donges area has special significance, for it marks the western terminus of a proposed 440-mi1e pipeline ex- tending in almost a straight line as far east as Metz)- Final agree- ment between the French and United States governments on the project was expected in March 1953. The United States, which instigated and will finance the project, hopes to have this line feed a planned 625- mile network of fuel lines in Western Germany.2 All of the 14 NATO nations will use the network to supply the numerous military air bases in France, Belgium, the Netherlands, West Germany, and Luxem- bourg. Both the American feeder line and the West Germany system will serve two purposes in case of attack by the Soviet Union. They will enable the Western allies to send their jet fighters and bombers as far forward to the Iron Curtain as is safe, and they will be less .vulnerable to attack than tank cars and trucks. (SECRET) B THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE EAST AND WEST ZONES OF GERMANY The series of border incidents that have occurred between East and West Germany emphasizes the rather indefinite character of the zonal demarcation line. A few typical incidents that have been reported 2. Journal of Commerce, 5 March 1953. -12 - Approved For Release 2001/Ongr: CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 SECRET are: occupation by Soviet troops of a strip of territory 1,000 yards long and 150 yards wide near Asbach along the US-Soviet zonal border; seizure of a small strip of Western Germany, 190 yards long and 165 yards wide, near Ratzeburg, southeast of LUbeck; and the kidnaping at Hoetensleben of 43 West German workers, who were later re- leased. The following interpretations of these border incidents have been suggested: 1. Soviet and East German authorities are making a major effort to tighten security and further isolate East Germany from the West, but have encountered difficulties in determining exactly where the border runs because of. the various boundary adjustments made in 1945 and later. 2. The Soviets are making an attempt to return to the original 1945 boundaries and to avoid all informal changes made in the postwar period. 3. These incidents, like recent occurrences in Berlin, are part of a Soviet program of intimidation and represent a probing Of Allied reactions. 25X1 A - 13 - SECRET Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 SECRET The lack of information by the authorities as to the exact geo- graphic boundary has further complicated the problem. The Soviet Zone boundary was originally defined in rather general terms as coin- ciding with the boundaries of various Lgnder and Kreise. In several ????????????=11???=.1 instances, field commanders on both sides appear to have modified the original line by exchange of territory in order to make the boundary more workable. It is not known whether all of these changes were recorded in written and signed documents. series of 48 sheets at the scale of 1:25,000, entitled Map of the Boundary Between the US and the USSR Occupation Zones of Germany, 1952 (CIA Library Call No. 79825), and 5 tracings, Map of Problem Areas on the US-Soviet Zonal Border of Germany, 1952 (CIA Library Call No. 79826), show the present course of the boundary. The border as depicted on the map tracings is the result of recent ground surveys made by the U.S. Army and the Office of Political Affairs, HICOG. Where there is more than one boundary, the lines refresent delineations accepted by various groups for their awn use. These "areas of dispute" are being investigated by the Office of Political Affairs in order to determine which should be officially accepted as the boundary. No decision has yet been reached, and as a result all of the lines must be considered as "unofficial" boundaries. It is assumed that the rest of the boundary line is not in dispute. The areas of dispute as shown on the 1:25,000 sheets and the 5 tracings, with an explanation of each, are as follows (the attached Approved For Release 2001/03/QadMA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/03/021a0A-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 map, CIA 12626, is for general locational purposes only): . Maps #4 (Witzenhausen, Sheet )4625), #7 (Bad Sooden-Allendorf, Sheet 4725), and #8 (Grebendorf, Sheet 4726). The blue line represents the new or present "official" boundary (vicinity of Rimbach). It is the result of a written agreement between Brigadier General Sexton, Commanding General, US 3d Infantry Division, and Major General Askalepov, Com- manding General of the Soviet 77th Guard Infantry Division. This line modified the original written European Advisory Committee agreement of 1944 (shown by the'red line). The black line is the one accepted by the US military as their "usage" boundary. The green line is the "usage" border of the German civil authorities. The borders shown on these three sheets have only one area of direct conflict -- at Ober- and Untermuehle (Asbach area) -- where a 10-meter-wide security zone now exists. (See Map #8, Grebendorf, Sheet 4726, black circle). 2. Theobaldshof Tracing, 1:1,000 (shown on Map 42l, Tann, Sheet 5326); at grid square 14, 73. The European Advisory Committee accepted the original Land border (shown in red) rather than the modified boundary, shown in black, which the Germans had established during the war. However, the Soviets have a plowed control strip (10 meters wide), which in pne instance is not in agreement with either of the two Land bOundaries. Schauberg Tracing (shown as Map #28, Spechtsbrunn (Langenau), Sheet 5533); in grid square 61, 86. The border was modified from the red line to the green line (along the river bank) to allow the Bavarians to use the high- way which borders the Tettau River in the village of Schauberg. 4. .Klein-Tettau Tracing (Kleintettau), 1:5,000 (shown on Map #28, Spechtsbrunn (Langenau), Sheet 5533)5 in grid square 62, 94. The border as it exists is shown by the red line. The houses located at the "I's" are considered by the East Zone Authori- ties to be in the West Zone. Falkenstein Tracing, approximately 1:500 (shown on Map #25, Leutenberg, Sheet 5434); approximately at grid square 03,!i-5 (blue numbers), 15 _ SECRET Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/#20*: CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 The red line is the original Land boundary between ThEringen and Bayern. It has been modified to the green line. 6. Zweiswassermdhl (e) Tracing (shown on Map #39, Teuschnitz, ? Sheet 5634); in grid square 77, 85. The boundary follows the solid red line along the two brooks. However, at their junction, the two houses shown by black dots apparently have been considered by both sides to be in the US Zone. The present line is shown as dotted red. (SECRET) C. intHITORIAL REORGANIZATION OF EASTERN GERMANY (SOVIET ZONE) The recent territorial changes in Eastern Germany (Soviet Zone) are part of a planned program for conversion of that region into a full-fledged "people's democracy." The creation of a new category of administrative unit follows the pattern of area reorganization in other Communist states (such as Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia) and in parts of China. On 23 July 1952, Premier Grotewohl of the "German Democratic Re- public" introduced before the People's Chamber a bill for the terri- torial reorganization of Eastern Germany.1 According to Grotewohl, the existence of the Lander (states) in their present form, with their considerable powers of self.-government, is a hindrance to the planning and development of the state economy. Increasing centraliza- tion in the economic field has reduced the importance of the TAnder., and the Land and Kreis (county) boundaries in many cases no longer correspond to economic conditions. 1. The reorganization took place in August and September 1952. -16- Approved For Release 2001/037dMIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 Approved For Release 2001/03/03 : CIA-RDP79-01005A000200020005-7 51 10 1 BRITISH I AMERICAN 0 Eisenach ..? ? ? ,E . ... ..... ...... - . - - . S 0 0 Bchmalkalden 0 Meiningen NIThlfe!cl 0 0 I Ar 0 GERMANY -SOVIET BORDER Arlimr5 Area in dispute (numbers refer to text) Zonal boundary fl ... ..... . ........ Sonneberg 0 AY N HALLE ? . e: ? '........???"*. ' : 0 Weimar ? .? Jena a ..................: Z 0 N G E 0 Saalfeld 0 Leutenberg . ? . ... 5 ? 4 Falkenstein ? Kleintettau ? Schauberg 0 Zweiwassermuhle Teuschnitz ERN E GERMANY LOCATION MAP Saar '. I IA BRITISH ZONE t 0 ZONE 7.. ne hausen RImbach 0 . 1 Wahlhausen ? Asbach ? Bad Sooden- 0 Allendorf Grebendorf 0 Eschwege 0 HESSEN Herleshausen Honebach 0 Berka 0 ? . ? Vacha 0 Unterbreizbach a Geisa 2 tee 0 Theobaldshof. 0 Tann i '7) 4 Mellrichstadt .4) , 0 0 Bad Kissingen i SOVIET ZONE ..??? \\\????,,,,,,,, .,... : .'? ;,,, AMERICAN ZONE 1. -t- 50 100 270 M ILES ? ? Land boundary Bezirk boundary. --- International boundary' 5 10 20 MILES :: .... ? 0 5 10 2.0 KILOMETERS 1 RESTRICTED a Erfurt 0 Gotha R F U R T V I E T . . . ? ? -...". '''? ? ?? ??? ? ? . . . . . '-?..? ? . .. ? .. . 0 Suhl S U H L 0 Rodach Neustadt 0 0 Coburg B Z 0 i ? 5,01?. ROO KILOMETERS E R ,seOperg