BASIC INTELLIGENCE FACTBOOK

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Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1
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RIPPUB
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K
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364
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December 16, 2016
Document Release Date: 
August 25, 2004
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2
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Publication Date: 
December 1, 1971
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NIS
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BASIC INTELLIGENCE FACTBOOK DECEMBER 1971 DIA review(s) completed. Supersedes the June 1971 issuance of this Factbook, copies of which should be destroyed. Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 The Basic Intelligence Factbook, a compilation of basic data on political entities worldwide, is coordinated and published semiannually as part of the NIS Program by the Office of Basic and Geographic Intelligence. The data are prepared by components of the Defense Intelligence Agency and the Central Intelligence Agency. Comments and suggestions should be addressed to the Office of Basic and Geographic Intelligence (Attn: NIS Factbook), Central Intelligence Agency, Washington, D. C. 20505. Additional copies of the Factbook are obtainable through established channels for dissemination of the NIS. Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 STAT Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Next 5 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ABBREVIATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AAPSO Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Organization ADB Asian Development Bank ANZUS ANZUS Council ; treaty signed by Australia, New Zealand, and the United States ASA Association of Southeast Asia ASPAC Asian and Pacific Council BENELUX Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg Economic Union BLEU Belgium-Luxembourg Economic Union CACM Central American Common Market CARIFTA Caribbean Free Trade Association CEMA Council for Mutual Economic Assistance CENTO Central Treaty Organization Colombo Plan Council of Europe DAC Development Assistance.Committee (OECD) EAMA African States associated with the EEC EC European Communities (EEC, ECSC, EURATOM) ECSC European Coal and Steel Community EEC European Economic Community (Common Market) EFTA European Free Trade Association EIB European Investment Bank ELDO European Launcher Development Organization EMA European Monetary Agreement ENTENTE Political-Economic Association of Ivory Coast, Dahomey, Niger, Upper Volta, and Togo ESRO European Space Research Organization EURATOM European Atomic Energy Community IADB Inter-American Defense Board ICFTU International Confederation of Free Trade Unions IDB Inter-American Development Bank Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : uCtA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 ONIZAgI1&R1A000400010002-1 Approved EVIr ReleaseR 004/0N/ATIONALA RGA ABBRS IFCTU International Federation of Christian Trade Unions IHB International Hydrographic Bureau IRC International Red Cross LAFTA Latin American Free Trade Association LICROSS League of Red Cross Societies NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization OAPEC Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries OAS Organization of American States OAU Organization of African Unity OCAM Afro-Malagasy Common Organization ODECA Organization of Central American States OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries SEATO South-East Asia Treaty Organization UAM Union Africaine et Malgache UEAC Union of Central African States UDEAC Economic and Customs Union of Central Africa WEU Western European Union WFTU World Federation of Trade Unions WPC World Peace Council UNITED NATIONS (U.N.): STRUCTURE AND RELATED Principal Organs: SC Security Council GA General Assembly ECOSOC Economic and Social Council TC Trusteeship Council ICJ International Court of Justice Secretariat Approved For Release 200X10'/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 For CIA ApUNITED NATIONSI ~UsN ~004STRUCTURE ANNRDPLA9rLD OA5G' CQf4Q0o0~1t0,0A2-1 Operating Bodies: UNCTAD U.N. Conference for Trade and Development TDB Trade and Development Board UNICEF U.N. Children's Fund Regional Economic Commissions: ECA Economic Commission for Africa ECAFE Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East ECE Economic Commission for Europe ECLA Economic Commission for Latin America Intergovernmental Agencies Related to the U.N.: FAO Food and Agriculture Organization GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization IDA International Development Association (IBRD Affiliate) IFC International Finance Corporation (IBRD Affiliate) ILO International Labor Organization IMCO Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization IMF (FUND) International Monetary Fund ITU International Telecommunication Union UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization UPU Universal Postal Union WHO World Health Organization WMO World Meteorological Organization Autonomous Organization Under the U.N.: IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency Committees: Seabeds Committee United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of the Sea-Bed and Ocean Floor beyond the Limits of National Jurisdiction ix Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Political, sociological, and economic data, including monetary conversion rates, generally reflect information through mid-October 1971, except for population estimates, which have been projected to 1 January 1972. Military manpower estimates are as of 1 January 1972 except for average number of males reaching military age, which are projected averages for the 5-year period 1971-75. Military and communications data are as of 1 October 1971 unless otherwise indicated. Most of the land utilization estimates are rough approximations, and most of the statistical data are rounded (thousands and millions). Figures for "arable" may reflect only the area actually under crops rather than the potential cultivable. Fishing limits are included only when they differ from the territorial limits. For some countries GDP, rather than GNP, is shown. The difference between the two is in the addition or subtraction of the value of return on foreign investment. GDP equals GNP plus income earned in the country but sent abroad, minus income earned abroad but sent into the country. GDP thus tends to exceed GNP in debtor countries, and the reverse is true in creditor countries. Major ports are the largest maritime ports of the country, relative to other ports of the same country, on the basis of estimated port capacity, alongside berthing accommodations, and commercial or naval importance. Minor ports are the remaining ports of a country which have, relative to the major ports, significantly lower estimated port capacity, fewer alongside berthing accommodations, are of less commercial or naval importance. Major transport aircraft are those weighing over 20,000 pounds. Military budgets are in U.S. dollar equivalents. The dollar sign refers to U.S. dollars unless otherwise stated. The abbreviation FY stands for fiscal year; all years are calendar years unless otherwise indicated. Approved For Release 1004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 NIS 34 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 - 7a P79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 250,000 sq. mi.; 22% arable (including 6.5% cultivated), 5% pasture, 71% desert, waste or urban, 2% forested Land boundaries: 3,390 mi. Language: 50% Pushtu, 35% Afghan Persian (Dari), 11% Turkic languages (primarily Uzbeki and Turkmeni), 10% 30 minor languages (primarily Baluchi and Pashai); much bilingualism Literacy: under 10% Labor force: about 4.3 million (official est.); 75%-80% agriculture and animal husbandry, 15%-25% commerce, small industry, services; massive shortage of skilled labor Organized labor: none PEOPLE: Population: about 18 million, average annual growth rate 2.5% (FY65-70); males 15-49, about 4.7 million; 2.5 million fit for military service; about 165,000 reach military age (22) annually Ethnic divisions: 50% Pushtuns, 25% Tajiks, 9% Uzbeks, 9% Hazaras, minor ethnic groups include Chahar, Turkmen, Kizelbashes, and others Religion: 87% Sunni Muslim, 12% Shia Muslim, 1% other GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Afghanistan Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: Kabul Political subdivisions: 28 provinces with centrally appointed governors Legal system: based on Islamic law; constitution adopted 1964; although provided for in the law on judicial organization, there has as yet been no judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at University of Kabul; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: bicameral legislature with cabinet responsible to lower house (People's Council); although elected Parliament is exerting increasing influence, it has not as yet passed much significant legislation or established effective control over the centralized administration and has no real voice in military matters; progressive forces led by King liberalizing the regime; independent judiciary established in 1967, has not yet had a major institutional impact; it is too early to assess its future role Government leaders: King Mohammad Zahir Shah; Prime Minister Abdul Zahir Suffrage: universal over age 20 Elections: first free nationwide direct elections by secret ballot and universal suffrage (under 1964 Constitution) held for Parliament August and September 1965; second elections held August and September 1969; lower house of Parliament (216 deputies) and one-third (28 Senators) of upper house (Council of Elders) elected for 4-year terms; 28 Senators appointed by King; remaining 28 Senators to be elected by Provincial Councils when formed Political parties and leaders: no political parties permitted yet, but enabling legislation has been passed by Parliament and awaits the King's signature; several groups have begun to meet informally, extremists of left and right best organized Communists: there are 2 pro-Moscow Communist groups which are ideologically pro-Soviet; size is reported to be about 350-500 active members; several other groups, further to left, with several hundred members and sympathizers Other political or pressure groups: progressive forces led by King Zahir and cabinet dominate current situation with nascent leftist and rightist groups forming for action when parties are permitted 1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT (~c~troed For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Member of: ADB, Colombo Plan, FAO, FUND, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, ILO, IMCO, ITU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $1.0 billion (1969-70), less than $100 per capita; real growth rate 3% (1969-70) Agriculture: agriculture and animal husbandry account for over 50% of GNP and occupy nearly 90% of the labor force; main crops -- wheat, cotton, fruits, nuts; largely self-sufficient; food shortages -- sugar, tea, wheat Major industries: cottage industries, food processing, textiles, cement, coal mining Electric power: 254,000 kw. capacity (1969); 410 million kw.-hr. produced (1969), 26 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $81 million (f.o.b., 1969-70); fruits and nuts, karakul, cotton, wool natural gas petroleum, Imports: $135.0 million (c.i.f., 1969-70); textiles, sugar, tea, p transportation equipment Major trade partners: exports -- U.S., U.K., U.S.S.R., and India; imports about half from U.S.S.R. Monetary conversion rate: 45 Afghanis per US$1 (official); 89.69 Afghanis per US$1 (July 1971) Fiscal year: 21 March - 20 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 6 mi. (single track) 5'0"-gage, government-owned spur of Soviet line Highways: 10,740 mi.; 420 mi. concrete, 980 mi. bituminous surfaced, 2,100 mi. gravel, 3,630 mi. improved earth, and 3,610 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: total navigability 760 mi.; steamers use Amu Darya Ports: only minor river ports Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft Airfields: 64 total, 35 usable; 9 with permanent-surface runways; 6 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 12 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: limited telephone, telegraph, and radiobroadcast services, barely sufficient to meet civil and military requirements; 13,967 telephones; 200,000 radio receivers; no TV receivers; 1 AM, no FM, no TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 March 1971, $28.8 million; 16.3% of total budget 2 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 20 ALBANIA "LAND: 11,100 sq. mi.; 19% arable, 24% other agricultural, 43% forested, 14% other (1967) Land boundaries: 445 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 225 mi. (including Sazan Island) Population: 2,212,000, average annual growth rate 2.7% A fII' S - -...p B (current); males 15-49, 525,000; 432,000 fit for mil I. BV EGYPT i- tary service; 24,000 reach military age (19) annually Ethnic divisions: 96% Albanian, remaining 4% are Greeks, Vlachs, Gypsies, and Bulgarians Religion: 70% Muslim, 20% Albanian Orthodox, 10% Roman Catholic (observances prohibited; Albania claims to be the world's first atheist state) Language: Albanian Greek Literacy: about 70%; no reliable current statistics available, but probably greatly improved Labor force: 911,000 (1967); 60.5% agriculture, 17.9% industry, 21.6% other nonagricultural GOVERNMENT: Legal name: People's Republic of Albania Type: Communist state Capital: Tirane Political subdivisons: 27 rethet (districts), including capital, 200 localities, 2,600 villages Legal system: based on Soviet law; constitution adopted 1950; judicial review of legislative acts only in the Presidium of the People's Assembly, which is not a true court; legal education at State University of Tirane; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: People's Assembly, Council of Ministers, judiciary Government leaders: President, Presidium of the People's Assembly, Haxhi Lleshi; Chairman of Ministers, Mehmet Shehu Suffrage: universal and compulsory over age 18 Elections: national elections theoretically held every 4 years; last elections September 1970 Political parties and leaders: Albanian Workers Party only; First Secretary, Enver Hoxha Voting strength (1970 election); 99.9% Communist Communists: 75,637 party members (1970) Member of: CEMA, IAEA, ITU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO; has not participated in CEMA since rift with U.S.S.R. in 1961; officially withdrew from Warsaw Pact 13 September 1968 ECONOMY: GNP: $0.8 billion in 1970 (at 1969 prices), $400 per capita Agriculture: food deficit area; main crops -- corn, wheat, tobacco, sugar beets, cotton; food shortages -- wheat; caloric intake, 2,100 calories per day per capita (1961/62) Major industries: agricultural processing, textiles and clothing, lumber, and extractive industries Shortages: spare parts, machinery and equipment, wheat Exports: $80 million (1969 est.); 1964 trade -- 55% minerals, metals, fuels; 17% agricultural materials (except foods); 23% foodstuffs (including cigarettes); 5% consumer goods 3 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (copy geed For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Imports: $143 million (1969 est.); 1964 trade -- 50% machinery, equipment, and spare parts; 16% minerals, metals, fuels, construction materials; 7% fertilizers, other chemicals, rubber; 4% agricultural materials (except foodstuffs); 16% foodstuffs; 7% consumer goods Monetary conversion rate: 5 leks=US$l (commercial); 12.5 leks=US$l (noncommercial) Fiscal year: same as calendar year; economic data reported for calendar years except for caloric intake, which is reported for consumption year 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 127 mi. standard gage, single track; government owned (1971) Highways: 3,100 mi.; 300 mi. paved, 1,200 mi. crushed stone and/or gravel, 1,600 mi. improved or unimproved earth (1971) Inland waterways: 27 mi. plus Albanian sections of Lake Scutari, Lake Ohrid, and Lake Prespa (1971) Freight carried: rail -- 2.8 million short tons, 109.6 million short ton/mi. (1970); highways -- 31 million short tons, 519.9 million short ton/mi. (1970) Merchant marine: 11 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 53,000 GRT, 72,700 DWT, includes 8 cargo, 3 bulk Pipelines: crude oil, 110 mi. Civil air: no major transport aircraft (1971) 4 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 4 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 AL(4!1PADP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 950,000 sq. mi.; 3% cultivated, 16% pasture and meadows, 1% forested, 80% desert, waste, or urban (1967) Land boundaries: 3,890 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 735 mi. Labor force: 2.8 million; 47% agriculture, 8% industry, 24% other (military, police, civil service, transportation workers, teachers, merchants, construction workers); 40% of urban labor unemployed Organized labor: 17% of labor force claimed; General Union of Algerian Workers (UGTA) is the only labor organization and is subordinate to the National Liberation Front PEOPLE: Population: 14,422,000, average annual growth rate 3.1% (FY69); males 15-49, 3,453,000; 1,980,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (19) annually 135,000 Ethnic divisions: 99% Arab-Berbers, less than 1% Europeans Religion: 99% Muslim, 1% Christian and Hebrew Language: Arabic (offici.al), French, Berber dialects Literacy: 25% (5% Arabic, 9% French, 11% both) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria Type: republic Capital: Algiers Political subdivisions: 15 Wilayas (departments or provinces) Legal system: based on French and Islamic law, with socialist principles; constitution adopted by referendum 1963; judicial review of legislative acts in ad hoc Constitutional Council composed of various public officials, including several Supreme Court justices; Supreme Court divided into 4 chambers; legal education at University of Algiers; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive dominant, unicameral legislature has not met since June 1965 coup d'etat but was never formally suspended, judiciary Government leader: Houari Boumediene, President of Council of the Revolution and President of the Council of Ministers, overthrew elected President Ahmed Ben Bella 19 June 1965 Suffrage: universal over age 19 Elections: presidential 15 September 1963; departmental assemblies 25 May 1969; local councils 14 February 1971 Political parties and leaders: National Liberation Front (FLN), Ahmed Kaid Voting strength (1963 election): 100% FLN Communists: 400 (est.); Communist Party illegal (banned 1962) Member of: Arab League, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, OAU, OPEC, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO ECONOMY: Agriculture: main crops -- bread grains, wine, citrus fruits Major industries: petroleum (1970 crude production 47 million tons), light industries, natural gas, mining, petrochemical and steel plants under construction Electric power: 1,462,000 kw. capacity (1970); 1,536 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 110 kw.-hr. per capita 5 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 oved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (coe~? Monetary conversion rate: 4.937 dinars=US$l (prior to 15 August 1971); currently 1 dinar=1.12 French francs, dollars converted at free market rate Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,414 mi.; 1,660 mi. standard gage, 663 mi. 315 9/16" gage, 91 mi. meter gage; 188 mi. electrified; 120 mi. double track Highways: 40,600 mi., of which 17,000 mi. are concrete or bituminous and the remainder gravel or crushed stone Ports: 9 major, 8 minor Merchant marine: 10 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 80,100 GRT, 116,300 DWT; includes 6 cargo, 2 tanker, 1 bulk, 1 specialized carrier Pipelines: crude oil, 2,251 mi.; refined products, 177 mi.; natural gas, 494 mi. Civil air: 21 major transport aircraft Airfields: 233 total, 186 usable; 55 with permanent-surface runways; 17 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 109 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 3 seaplane stations Telecommunications: adequate domestic and international facilities in the north, primarily radio communications in the desert; 182,000 telephones; 1,100,000 radio receivers; 250,000 TV receivers; 16 AM and 9 TV stations; 3 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1970, $99,250,000; approximately 4.1% of national budget 6 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 9Approved For Release 2004/08/31AN@-fDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 180 sq. mi. (1968) Land boundaries: 65 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 24,000, average annual growth rate 9.6% (FY65-69) Ethnic divisions: Catalan stock; 44% Andorrans, 50% Spanish, 3% French, 3% other Religion: virtually all Roman Catholic Language: Catalan, many also speak some French and Castilian Labor force: unorganized; largely shepherds and farmers GOVERNMENT: Legal name: The Valleys of Andorra Capital: Andorra Political subdivisions: 6 districts -- Andorra la Vella, Sant Julia de Loria, Encamp, Canillo, La Massana, and Ordino Type: unique coprincipality under formal sovereignty of President of France and Spanish Bishop of Seo de Urgel, who are represented by veguers Legal system: based on French and Spanish civil codes; Plan of Reform adopted 1866 serves as constitution; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: legislature (General Council) of 24 members with one-half elected every 2 years for 4-year term; executive -- syndic and a deputy sub-syndic chosen by General Council for 3-year terms; judiciary chosen by coprinces who appoint 2 civil judges, a judge of appeals, and 2 Batles (court prosecutors) Suffrage: males of 25 or over who are third generation Andorrans vote for General Council members; same right granted to women in April 1970 Elections: half of General Council chosen every 2 years, last election December 1971 Political parties and leaders: no political parties but only partisans for particular independent candidates for the General Council, on the basis of competence and personality ECONOMY: Agriculture: sheep raising; small quantities of tobacco, rye, wheat, barley, oats, and some vegetables (only 25% of land can be used for agriculture) Major industries: tourism (800,000 in 1965), one cigarette factory (annual output $800,000), handicrafts, smuggling (tobacco to France; manufactured items, including automobiles and cameras, to Spain) Shortages: food Electric power: 25,000 kw. capacity (1970); 100 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 400 kw.-hr. per capita; power is mainly exported to Spain and France Major trade partners: Spain, France COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: about 60 mi Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: none Telecommunications: 2 AM and 1 FM radiobroadcast facilities, 1 TV repeater station; manual telephone system serving about 1,700 telephones; 8,000 radio receivers, 2,500 TV receivers 7 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 DEFENSE FORCES: Andorra has no defense forces; Spain and France are responsible for protection as needed 8 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ANGOLA LAND: 481,000 sq. mi.; 1% cultivated, 44% forested, 22% meadows and pastures, 33% other (including fallow) (1965) Land boundaries: 3,150 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: claims 6 n. mi. (fishing 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 1,000 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 5,745,000, average annual growth rate 1.6% (December 60-70); males 15-49, 1,422,000, fit for military service, 710,000; average number reaching military age (20) annually about 60 , 000 Ethnic divisions: 93.6% Negro, 5% Europeans, 1.4% mulatto (1960) Religion: about 84% animist, 12% Roman Catholic, 4% Protestant Language: Portuguese (official), many native dialects Literacy: 10%-15% Labor force: 2.6 million economically active (1964); 531,000 wage workers (1967) Organized labor: approx. 65,000 (1967) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Province of Angola Type: overseas province of Portugal Capital: Luanda Political subdivisions: 15 administrative districts including the coastal exclave of Cabinda Legal system: Portuguese civil codes and customary law; legal education obtained in Portugal Branches: Governor General appointed by Ministry of Overseas in Lisbon is executive officer responsible for internal administration; he also has prescribed legislative functions which he shares with Legislative Council of elected and nominated members; all action in province may be vetoed by Minister of Overseas; independent judiciary Government leader: Governor General Lt. Col. Camilo Rebocho Vaz Suffrage: all adults able to read and write Portuguese and in full possession of political and civil rights Political parties and leaders:, only legal group is Portuguese National Popular Action (ANP), formerly the National Union (UN) Other political or pressure groups: principal opposition groups which are carrying out insurgency are Revolutionary Government of Angola in exile (GRAE) led by Holden Roberto; Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), led by Agostinho Neto; and National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led by Jonas Savimbi ECONOMY: GNP: $1,100 million (1969 est.), about $200 per capita Agriculture: cash crops -- coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, sugar, manioc, and tobacco; food crops -- cassava, corn, vegetables, plantains, bananas, and other local foodstuffs; largely self-sufficient in food Fishing: catch 293,000 tons (1968); exports 73,000 tons, $11 million (1968) Major industries: mining (iron, oil, diamonds), fish processing, brewing, tobacco, sugar processing, cement, food processing plants, building construction Electric power: 433,000 kw. capacity (1970); 694 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 125 kw.-hr. per capita Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : 6IA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (Cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Exports: $422.6 million (f.o.b., 1970); coffee (50%), diamonds, sisal, fish and fish products, iron ore, oil, timber, and corn Imports: $326.6 million (c.i.f., 1970); capital equipment (machinery and electrical equipment), wines, bulk iron and ironwork, steel and metals, vehicles and spare parts, textiles and clothing, medicines Major trade partners: main partner Portugal, followed by West Germany, U.S., U.K., EC countries (primarily coffee to last three) Aid: Portugal only donor Monetary conversion rate: 28.75 escudos=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1,918 mi.; 1,724 mi. 3'6" gage, 194 mi. 1'11 5/8" gage Highways: 29,000 mi.; 3,000 mi. bituminous-surface treatment, 1,000 mi. crushed stone or gravel, 25,000 mi. earth Inland waterways: 2,000 mi. navigable Ports: 3 major Pipelines: crude oil, 111 mi. Civil air: 12 major transport aircraft Airfields: 448 total, 392 usable; 19 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway over 12,000 ft., 5 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 55 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations Telecommunications: simple network of low-capacity open-wire and radio-relay facilities; 25,300 telephones; 95,000 radio receivers; 21 AM, 7 FM, and no TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of Portugal Supply: dependent on Portugal Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1969 $45.7 million; about 16.7% of total budget 10 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 8Approved For Release 2004/08/31N..CJAARDP79-O1O51AOOO4OOO1OOO2-1 LAND: 108 sq. mi.; 54% arable, 5% pasture, 14% forested, 9% unused but potentially productive, 18% wasteland and built on (1964) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 95 mi. Religion: Church of England (predominant), other Protestant sects and some Roman Catholic Language: English Literacy: about 80% Organized labor: 18,000 PEOPLE: Population: 73,000, average annual growth rate 2.6% (April 60-70) Ethnic divisions: almost entirely African Negro GOVERNMENT: Legal name: State of Antigua Type: dependent territory with full internal autonomy as a British "Associated State" Capital: St. Johns Political subdivisions: 6 parishes, 2 dependencies (Barbuda, Redonda) Legal system: based on English law; British Caribbean Court of Appeal has exclusive original jurisdiction and an appellate jurisdiction, consists of Chief, Justice and 5 justices Government leaders: Premier George Herbert Walter; Governor Wilfred Ebenezer Jacobs Suffrage: universal suffrage age 21 and over Elections: every 5 years; last general election 11 February 1971; last by-election August 1968 Political parties and leaders: Antigua Labor Party (ALP), Vere C. Bird; Progressive Labor Movement (PLM), George Herbert Walter; Antigua People's Party (APP), J. Rowan Henry Voting strength: 1971 election -- Legislative Council seats -- ALP 4, PLM 13, other 4 unknown Communists: none known Member of: CARIFTA ECONOMY: GDP: $27.2 million (at factor cost, 1967 est.), $470 per capita Agriculture: main crops -- sugar, cotton Major industries: sugar processing, tourism Shortages: electric power Electric power: 14,040 kw. nameplate capacity (1970); less than 4,000 kw. operating; 12 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 189 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2.9 million (f.o.b., 1967); sugar, molasses, cotton Imports: $22.2 million (c.i.f., 1967); food, clothing, oil, wood Major trade partners: U.K. 30%, U.S. 25%, Commonwealth Caribbean countries 18% (1966) Monetary conversion rate: 1.93 East Caribbean dollars=US$l (6 October 1971) 11 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 235 mi.; 150 mi. main, 85 mi. secondary Ports: 1 minor Civil air: 8 major transport aircraft 9,000 ft.; 1 seaplane Airfields: 3 total, 1 usable; 1 with asphalt runway station Telecommunications: new automatic telephone system recently installed; 1,450 telephones; tropospheric scatter links with Tortola and St. Lucia; 5,000 radio receivers, 1 AM and 2 TV stations; 2 coaxial submarine cables 12 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS gpproved For Release 2004/08/3ARr, 9IDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 1,070,000 sq. mi.; 57% agricultural (11% crops, improved pasture and fallow, 46% natural grazing land), 25% forested, 18% mountain, urban, or waste (1968 est.) Land boundaries: 5,850 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 200 n. mi. Coastline: 3,100 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 23,823,000, average annual growth rate 1.6% (September 60-70); males 15-49, 6,124,000; 4,535,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (20) annually about 215,000 Ethnic divisions: approximately 85% white, 15% mestizo, Indian, or other nonwhite groups Religion: 90% nominally Roman Catholic (less than 20% practicing Roman Catholics), 2% Protestant, 2% Jewish, 6% other Language: Spanish Literacy: 85% (90% in Buenos Aires) Labor force: 9.5 million; 19% agriculture, 25% manufacturing, 11% commerce, 35% other, 4%-5% unemployed Organized labor: 25% of labor force (est.) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Argentine Republic Type: republic; military regime in control since coup in June 1966 Capital: Buenos Aires Political subdivisions: 22 provinces, 1 district (Federal Capital), and 1 territory Legal system: based on Spanish and French civil codes; constitution adopted 1853 partially superseded in 1966 by the Statute of the Revolution which takes precedence over the constitution when the two are in conflict; judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at University of Buenos Aires and other public and private universities; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: presidency; national judiciary; legislature dismissed after June 1966 coup Government leader: Gen. Alesandro Lanusse, President until 1 January 1973, when the Air Force member of the 3-man junta, that removed Brig. Gen. Roberto Levingston on 23 March 1971, is scheduled to replace him Suffrage: universal and compulsory age 18 and over Elections: present government has announced plans for holding elections by 25 March 1973 Political parties: ban imposed in 1966 now lifted and parties in process of reorganizing Voting strength: the old political groupings probably continue to command the loyalty of the populace according to the following figures (est.) -- Peronists (of all types), 35%; Radicals (former People's Radical Civic Union, UCRP), 25%; Conservatives (former National Federation of Centrist Parties), 5%; minor parties, 10%; nonaligned, 25% Other political or pressure groups: Argentine armed forces, Peronist-dominated labor movement, The Hour of the People (loose grouping of moderate politicians with various party affiliations), National Meeting of the Argentines (loose grouping of communist and leftist politicians), Argentine Industrial Union (manufacturers' association), Argentine Rural Society (large landowners' association), business organizations, students, and the Catholic Church Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT (AR irord For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Member of: FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, LAFTA, OAS, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $31.3 billion (purchasing power parity estimate, 1970), $1,290 per capita; real growth rate 1970, 4.9%; 68% private consumption, 12% public consumption, 18% gross domestic investment, 2 net foreign balance (1968) Agriculture: main products -- cereals, oilseeds, livestock products; Argentina is a major world exporter of temperate zone foodstuffs Fishing: catch 202,800 metric tons, $15,486,000; exports $1,158,000, imports $3,659,000 Major industries: food processing (especially meatpacking), motor vehicles, consumer durables, textiles, chemicals, printing, and metallurgy Crude steel: 1.82 million metric tons produced (1970); 70 kilograms per capita Electric power: 6,318,000 kw. capacity (1970); 20.9 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 853 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $1,750 million (f.o.b., 1970) -- meat, wheat, corn, wool, hides, oil- seeds Imports: $1,550 million (c.i.f., 1970) -- machinery and vehicles, fuel and lubricating oils, iron and steel, textiles, intermediate industrial products Major trade partners: exports -- EC 37%, LAFTA 25%, U.S. 11%, U.K. 8%; imports -- EC 24%, LAFTA 24%, U.S. 23%, U.K. 7% Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70), $764.4 million in loans; $17.6 million in grants; from international organizations (FY46-70), $860.3 million; from other Western countries (1960-66), $315.5 million; from Communist countries (1954-70) $86.0 million (drawn, $41.0 million); military -- assistance from U.S. (FY46-70), $129.6 million Monetary conversion rates: commercial -- 5.00 pesos = US$]; financial -- floating (6.35 pesos = US$1 on 29 September 1971) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 25,000 mi.; 2,000 mi. standard gage (4'8 1/2"), 13,750 mi. broad gage (5'6") 8,750 mi. meter gage (3'3 3/8"), 500 mi. 2'S 1/2" gage; about 1,035 mi. double track; 76 mi. electrified; 99.6% government-owned Highways: 125,000 mi., of which 13,800 mi. paved, 16,000 mi. gravel, 49,300 mi. improved earth, and 45,900 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 6,800 navigable mi. Ports: 7 major, 21 Merchant marine: 178 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,187,000 GRT, 1,619,000 DWT; includes 6 passenger, 98 cargo, 59 tanker, 10 bulk; 5 specialized carriers; 3 tankers and 4 combination cargo-transport ships are naval vessels sometimes used commercially Pipelines: crude oil, 1,163 mi.; refined products 1,374 mi.; natural gas, 4,061 mi. Civil air: 58 major transport aircraft Airfields: 2,110 total, 1,517 usable; 64 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway over 12,000 ft., 14 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 235 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 10 seaplane stations Telecommunications: foremost in telecom facilities in South America; improving telephone network has slightly over 1.6 million sets, radio relay widely used, communications satellite ground station; estimated 6.5 million radio receivers and 3.3 million TV sets; 100 AM, 3 of which are FM, and 30 TV stations; 8 telegraph submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: proposed for fiscal year ending 31 December 1970, $514,150,000 about 15% of total central government budget 14 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 STAT Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Next 1 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 16 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 Aj1IDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 32,400 sq. mi.; 20% cultivated, 27% meadows and pastures, 14% waste or urban, 38% forested, 1% inland water (1968) Land boundaries: 1,605 mi. Labor force: 3,248,000 (of which 828,200 are self-employed); 18% agriculture and forestry, 49% industry and crafts, 18% trade and communications, 7% professions, 6% public service, 2% other; 2.4% registered unemployed; an estimated 200,000 Austrians are employed in other European countries; foreign labor about 75,000 (1970) Organized labor: about 2/3 of wage and salary workers (1971) PEOPLE: Population: 7,453,000, average annual growth rate 0.2% (March 70-71); males 15-49, 1,670,000; 1,345,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (19) annually about 51,000 Ethnic divisions: 98.1% German, .7% Croatian, .3% Slovene, .9% other Religion: 85% Roman Catholic, 7% Protestant, 8% none or other Language: German Literacy: 98% GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Austria Type: federal republic Capital: Vienna Political subdivisions: 9 states (Laender) including the capital Legal system: civil law system with Roman law origin; constitution adopted 1920, repromulgated in 1945; judicial review of legislative acts by a Constitutional Court; separate administrative and civil/penal supreme courts; legal education at Universities of Vienna, Graz, Innsbruck, Salzburg, and Linz; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: bicameral Parliament, directly elected President whose functions are largely representational, independent federal judiciary Government leaders: Chancellor Bruno Kreisky; President Franz Jonas Suffrage: universal over age 19; compulsory for presidential elections Elections: presidential, every 6 years (next 1977); parliamentary, every 4 years (next 1975) Political parties and leaders: Socialist Party of Austria (SPOe), Bruno Kreisky, Chairman; Austrian People's Party (OeVP), Karl Schleimzer, Chairman; Liberal Party (FPOe), Friedrich Peter, Chairman; Communist Party, Franz Muhri, Chairman Voting strength (1970 election): 50.2% SPOe, 43.0% OeVP, 5.4% FPOe, 0.4% dissident Socialist, 1.4% Communist Communists: membership 26,000; activists 7,000-8,000; 60,705 votes in 1971 election Member of: Council of Europe, ECE, EFTA, IAEA, ICAO, OECD, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, WHO ECONOMY: GNP: $15.0 billion (1970), $2,035 per capita; 56.1% consumption, 29.3% investment, 14.4% government, 2% net exports of goods and services; 1970 growth rate 7.1% 1964 constant prices Agriculture: livestock, cereals, potatoes, sugar beets; 84% self-sufficient; caloric intake 2,920 calories per day per capita (1967-68) Fishing: catch 4,000 metric tons, $3,846,000 (1968); exports $494,000 (1968), imports $23,514,000 (1968) Major industries: foods, iron and steel, machinery, textiles, chemicals, electrical, paper and pulp 17 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cApgpyed For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Crude steel: 4.1 million metric tons produced (1970), 550 kilograms per capita (1970) Electric power: 7,530,000 kw. capacity (1970); 30,036 million kw.-hr produced (1970), 3,460 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2.86 billion (f.o.b., 1970); iron and steel products, machinery and equipment, lumber, textiles and clothing, paper products, chemicals Imports: $3.55 billion (c.i.f., 1970); machinery and equipment, chemicals, textiles, coal, petroleum, foodstuffs Major trade partners: (1970) West Germany 33%, Italy 8%, Switzerland 9%, U.K. 6.5%, U.S. 4%; EC 49%; EFTA 23%; Communist countries 11% Aid: economic -- received - U.S. $1,166.9 million authorized through FY70; IBRD $104.9 million authorized, none since FY62; military -- U.S., $113.2 million authorized (FY52-70); net official economic aid to less developed areas and multilateral agencies -- $189 million (FY60-70), $24.2 million in FY70 Monetary conversion rate: 24.75 shillings=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 4,073 mi.; 3,612 mi. standard gage, 833 mi. double tracked; 433 mi. 2'S 7/8" gage, and 28 mi. electrified 3'3 3/8" narrow gage; 1,584 mi. electrified Highways: 20,356 mi. total; 6,056 mi. Federal (5,656 mi. bituminous, concrete, stone block, 400 mi. crushed stone, gravel, improved earth); 14,290 mi. Provincial (4,340 mi. bituminous, concrete, stone block, 9,950 mi. crushed stone, gravel, improved earth); additionally about 38,000 mi. of communal roads, mostly of gravel, crushed stone, and improved earth Inland waterways: 267 mi.; carries 5% freight, 6% passengers Ports: 3 major Merchant marine: 4 ships (1000 GRT or over) totaling 12,900 GRT, 17,000 DWT; includes 3 cargo, 1 specialized carrier Pipelines: crude oil, 450 mi.; natural gas, 535 mi. Civil air: 9 major transport aircraft Airfields: 58 total, 47 usable; 11 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with run- ways 8,000-11,999 ft., 8 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: highly developed and efficient; excellent national and international services; extensive TV and radiobroadcast systems with 13 AM, 14 FM, and 19 TV stations; 1.33 million telephones; 2 million radio receivers; 1.38 million television receivers DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: produces some small arms and ammunition, trucks, and tank destroyers; current sources of other items are the U.S., Western Europe, Sweden, and the Communist countries Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $165.3 million; about 3.9% of the federal budget and 1.2% of GNP 18 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 8tf proved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 BAHAMAS ? BAHANMAS Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 2,200 mi. (New Providence Is. 47 mi . )W7Aa~ ,~~ VENEZUELA PA Anal ~~ LAND: 4,400 sq. mi.; 1% cultivated, 29% forested, 70% built on, wasteland, and other (1962) PEOPLE: Po 1 t' ? 179 000 I'm a ion. , , average annual growth rate 3.4% (November 63-April 70) Ethnic divisions: 80% Negro, 10% white, 10% mixed PERK 9RAZIL Religion: mainly Church of England; some Protestant, Greek Orthodox, and Roman Catholic Language: English Labor force: 60,000 (1963) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Commonwealth of the Bahama Islands Type: British dependent territory with full internal autonomy under U.K. rule Capital: Nassau (New Providence Island) Legal system: based on English law Branches: Governor (appointed by Queen); bicameral legislature (appointed Senate, elected House); Executive (Premier and cabinet); judiciary Government leaders: Prime Minister Lynden 0. Pindling; Governor Sir Francis Cumming-Bruce Elections: House of Assembly (10 April 1968); next elections must be held by 10 April 1973 Political parties and leaders: Progressive Liberal Party (PLP), predominantly Negro, Lynden 0. Pindling; United Bahamian Party (UBP), white establishment, Sir Roland Symonette; Free Progressive Liberal Party (Free PLP), Cecil Wallace Whitefield Voting strength (1968 election): 73% PLP, 27% UBP; House of Assembly -- PLP 29 seats, UBP 7 seats, LP 1 seat, independent 1 seat Communists: none known ECONOMY: GNP: not available Agriculture: main crops -- fruits, vegetables Major industries: tourism, cement, oil refining, lumber, salt production Electric power: 59,750 kw. capacity (1970); 247.5 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 1,095 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $89.6 million (f.o.b., 1970); fuel oil, cement, rum, pulpwood, fruits, and vegetables Imports: $337.5 million (c.i.f., 1970); foodstuffs, manufactured goods, crude oil Major trade partners: exports -- U.S. 61%, U.K. 22%, other 17%; imports -- U.S. 68%, U.K. 9%, Italy 6%, Canada 4%, other 13% Aid: economic -- authorizations from U.S. (FY56-70) -- $38.6 million in loans, $0.3 million in grants Monetary conversion rate: 1.00 Bahamian dollars (B$)=US$l (20 August 1970) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 555 mi.; 380 mi. paved, 100 mi. gravel, 20 mi. improved earth; 55 mi. unimproved earth Ports: 5 major, 9 minor Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS Toonfjdd? pr Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 56 total, 53 usable; 13 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 22 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 4 seaplane stations Telecommunications: telecom facilities highly developed, including 53,800 telephones in totally automatic system; tropospheric scatter link with Florida; 55,000 radio receivers and 16,000 TV sets, 1 AM station; 2 special coaxial submarine cables; plan TV station for color broadcasts and new cable connection with the United States 20 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS hpproved For Release 2004/08/31 :B90AI P79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 230 sq. mi. plus group of smaller islands; 5% cultivated, negligible forested area, remainder desert, waste, or urban WATER: Limits of territorial waters: claim is 3 n. mi. Coastline: 100 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 223,000, average annual growth rate 3.1% (FY67-68); males 15-49, 59,000; fit for military service 32,000 Religion: Language: Literacy: Muslim Arabic about 30% (1965) Labor force: 53,274 (1965) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: State of Bahrain Type: traditional monarchy; independence declared in 1971 Capital: Al Manamah Legal system: based on Islamic law and English common law Government leader: Amir 'Isa ibn Salman Al-Khalifah Political parties and pressure groups: political parties prohibited; no significant pressure groups although numerous small clandestine groups are active Communists: few known Member of: Arab League, U.N. ECONOMY: Agriculture: produces dates, alfalfa, vegetables; dairy and poultry farming; fishing; not self-sufficient in food Major industries: petroleum refining, boatbuilding, shrimp fishing, and sailmaking on a small scale; major development projects include aluminum smelter, flourmill, and ISA town Electric power: 108,000 kw. capacity (1970); 270 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,250 kw.-hr. per capita Imports: $168 million (1970) Major trade partners: U.K., Japan, U.S., EC Aid: economic -- multilateral western $360,000 (annual average 1967-69) Monetary conversion rate: 1 Bahrain dinar=US$2.10 (official) Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Highways: 120 mi. bituminous surfaced; undetermined mileage of natural surface tracks Ports: 1 major Pipelines: crude oil, 34 mi.; refined products, 9 mi.; natural gas, 19 mi. Civil air: 8 major transport aircraft (all registered in the U.K.) Airfields: 5 total, 3 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway; 1 with runway over 12,000 ft; 1 with runway 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: excellent international radiocommunications; limited domestic services; 10,800 telephones; 56,500 radio receivers; 10,000 TV sets; 1 AM radiobroadcast station; satellite earth station; tropospheric scatter Bahrain-Qatar BAHRAIN SAUDI ?","p __ Ethnic divisions: 90% Arab, 7% Iranian, Pakistani, and Indian, 3% other Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS beproved For Release 2004/08/31 BAW P79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 166 sq. mi.; 60% cropped, 10% permanent meadows, 30% built on, waste, other (1960) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 60 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 257,000, average annual growth rate 0.2% (April 60-70); males 15-49, 53,000; 38,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age, (18) annually, 3,000; no conscription Ethnic divisions: 80% African, 15% mixed, 5% European Religion: Anglican, Roman Catholic, Methodist, and Moravian Language: English Literacy: over 90% Labor force: 60,000 wage and salary earners Organized labor: 19,300 (32%) VENEZUELA GUYANA GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Barbados Type: independent state since November 1966, recognizing Elizabeth II as chief of state Capital : Bridgetown Regional breakdown: 11 parishes administered by 3 district councils Legal system: English common law; constitution came into effect upon independence in 1966; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: legislature consisting of a 21-member appointed Senate and a 24-member elected House of Assembly; cabinet headed by Prime Minister Government leader: Prime Minister Errol Barrow Suffrage: universal over age 18 Elections: House of Assembly members have terms no longer than 5 years; general election held 3 November 1966 Political parties and leaders: Democratic Labor Party (DLP), Errol Barrow; Barbados National Party (BNP), Ernest D. Mottley; Barbados Labor Party (BLP), H. Bernard St. John, J. M. G. "Tom" Adams Voting strength (1966 election): Democratic Labor Party (DLP), 49.5%; Barbados National Party, 10.1%; Barbados Labor Party, 32.7%; Independent, 7.7%; House of Assembly seats -- DLP 14, BLP 9, BNP 1 Communists: not significant Other political or pressure groups: People's Progressive Movement (PPM), a small pro-Castro black-nationalist group led by Calvin Alleyne Member of: CARIFTA, Commonwealth, ICAO, IMF, OAS, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N. ECONOMY: GDP: $117 million (1969), $460 per capita; real growth rate 1969, 3.3% Agriculture: main products -- sugar, subsistence foods Major industries: tourism, sugar milling, manufacturing, edible oils and fats Electric power: 39,950 kw. capacity (1969, est.); 143.7 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 595 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $39.8 million (f.o.b., 1970); sugar, molasses, rum Imports: $116.3 million (c.i.f., 1970); foodstuffs, lumber, machinery, manufactured goods Major trade partners: exports -- U.K. 38%, U.S. 21%, CARIFTA 19%, other 22%; imports -- U.K. 29%, U.S. 22%, Canada 11%, CARIFTA 11%, other 27% Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (Cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY67-70), $0.1 million in grants; from international organizations (FY63-70), $0.7 million Monetary conversion rate: 1.93 East Caribbean dollars=US$l Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 950 mi.; 800 mi. paved, 100 mi. gravel, 50 mi. improved earth Ports: 1 major, 2 minor Civil air: 1 major transport aircraft Airfields: 1 with permanent-surface runway 8,000-11,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: islandwide automatic telephone system with 26,100 telephones; key international traffic transit center for Caribbean area; tropospheric scatter links to Trinidad and St. Lucia; 86,000 radio and 16,000 TV sets, 2 AM and 1 TV stations; 2 telegraph submarine cables; planned construction of satellite earth station to be operational in 1972 DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: obtained primarily from the U.K.; some ammunition from Belgium 24 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 h,TC n, Approved For Release 2004/031 tVICIA-RDP79-O1O51AOOO4OOO1OOO2-1 LAND: 424,000 sq. mi.; 2% cultivated and fallow, 11% pasture and meadow, 45% urban, desert, waste, or other, 40% forest, 2% inland water (1967) Land boundaries: 3,780 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 4,832,000, average annual growth rate 2.5% (current); males 15-49 1,131,000; 715,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (19) annually about 54,000 Ethnic divisions: 50%-75% Indian, 20%-35% Mestizo, 5%-15% white Religion: predominantly Roman Catholic Language: Spanish and Indian (Aymara and Quechua) Literacy: 35%-40% Labor force: 1.9 million (1967); 69.1% agriculture, 3.3% mining, 9.6% services and utilities, 8% manufacturing, 10% other Organized labor: 40%-50% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Bolivia Type: republic; de-facto military-civilian coalition government by the Popular Nationalist Front Capital: La Paz (seat of government); Sucre (judicial capital) Political subdivisions: 9 departments with limited autonomy Legal system: based on Spanish law and Code Napoleon; constitution adopted 1967; constitution in force except where contrary to dispositions dictated by revolutionary governments since 1969; legal education at University of San Andres and several others; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive; congress of two chambers (Senate and Chamber of Deputies), congress disbanded after 26 September 1969 ouster of President Siles; judiciary Government leaders: President Hugo Banzer Suarez Suffrage: universal and compulsory at age 18 if married, 21 if single Elections: none scheduled Political parties and leaders: The Nationalist Revolutionary Movement (MNR) led by Victor Paz Estenssoro and the Bolivian Socialist Falange (FSB) led by Mario Gutierrez are part of the governing coalition and the only significant parties in the country; other political parties, although numerous, are relatively inactive and exert little influence including Nationalist Leftist Revolutionary Party (PRIN) Juan Lechin Oquendo (in exile), Christian Democratic Party (PDC) Benjamin Miguel, Revolutionary Christian Democratic Party (PDCR) Alfonso Camacho, Socialist Party (PS) Marcelo Quiroga and Alberto Baily, and Leftist Revolutionary Movement (MIR) Pablo Ramos Sanchez (in exile); with the exception of the Authentic Revolutionary Party (PRA) led by Walter Guevara Arze, the parties of the FRB coalition have practically disappeared including Popular Christian Movement (MPC) Hugo Bozo, Leftist Revolutionary Party (PIR) Ricardo Anaya, and Social Democratic Party (PSD) Hugo Sandoval Voting strength (1966 elections): Frente de la Revolucion Boliviana (a coalition composed of the MPC, PIR, PRA, PSD, and two interest groups, the campesinos and Chaco War Veterans) 61%, FSB 12%, MNR 10%, other 17% Member of: IAEA, IADB, ICAO, International Tin Council, LAFTA and Andean Sub-Regional Group (created in May 1969 within LAFTA), OAS, U.N. 31 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31: CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 1970), $270 per capita; ower parity estimate, 137/ gross domestic ECONOMY: bil lion (purchasing p public consumption, 3% GNP: $1.3 tion, ll?~ 970}; real growth rate 1970, na 78% private consump arcant, yucca, banas; investment, -2% net foreign balance (1970); rice, sug potatoes lard, vegetable oils, culture: main crops , 1866) f foodesper idayuperg capita, ( textiles, quantities o i Agriculture: significant 2,100 calores food processing, and wheat; caloric intake, etroleum refining, Major industries: mining, smelting, p 730 million kw.-hr. produced and clothing capacity (1970); Electric power: 281,000 kw. silver, kw.-hr. per capita etroleum, lead, zinc, (1970 160 1970); tin, p 192.0 million (f -o-b., old, coffee, and sugar. capital goods' Exports: Exports: $ $1 antimony, bismuth, g chemcals, foodstuffs , .7 million (f.o.b., 1970); Imports : $157 S 37%, Argentina 5%; pharmaceuticals U.K. 42%, entina 10% (1969) Major trade partners: exports -- 12%, Japan 16%, Arg imports U.S. 31%, West Germany $298.5 Aid: FY46-70) $1,226.7 million in 107.2 extensions from U.S. ( organizations (FY46-68), economic extens; from international org $12.6 million; million in grants 1960-66), million; from other Western countrFY58-70), $23.9 million assistance from pesos(US$1 (selling rate) military - Monetary conversion rate: l Fiscal year: calendar year mi., meter gage, 20 mi., 2'61' gage; of meter- COMMUNICATIONS: single track; 2,290 track; 5.6 mi Railroads: 2,310 mi., t 60 mi. of meter-gage all government owned except 55 mi. improved gage track electrified 3 500 mi. gravel, Highways: 15,000 mi.; 500 mi . paved, , , 6 , 000 mi. unimproved earth erwa s: off icially estimated to be 6,250 mi. of commercial earth, gas Inland wat Y navigable waterways,044 mi.; refined products and crude 888 mi.; natural crude oil, 1 Chile, and 20 mi. moved through Arica and Antofagasta, Ports: none (Bolivian cargo mMatarani, Peru) 1 with Civil air: 28 major transport aircraft permanent-surface runways; with ; runways 399 usable; 3 with Airfields: 464 total, 3 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., runway over 12,000 ft., 4,000-7,999 ft est. tions: poorest almost 38,000 telephones; nica telecom facilities on continent with and 6 FM stations; Telecommu rehabilitation; 1 TV, 72 AM, intercity dio eowoandrks 10, needi000- 1ng5,000 TV receivers; lemented tans revised and partly imP 75 0, 000 rad long-range improvement p DEFENSE FORCES budget: proposed for fiscal year aboout 9% of proposed central government budget Approved For Release 2004/08/ 9 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS lpproved For Release 2004/08/31 :BBI~I P79-01051A000400010002-1 11,800 sq. mi.; 53% agricultural land, of which about half is in crops, the rest meadows and pastures, 27% waste, urban, or other; 20% forested (1968) Land boundaries: 860 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 40 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 9,736,000, average annual growth rate 0.5% (January 65-71); males 15-49, 2,247,000; 1,795,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (19) annually 71,000 Ethnic divisions: 55% Flemings, 33% Walloons, 12% mixed or other Religion: 97% Roman Catholic, 3% none or other Language: French, Flemish (Dutch); divided along ethnic lines Literacy: 97% Labor force: 3.9 million; 5.5% agriculture, forestry, hunting, and fishing, 43% mining, manufacturing and construction, 39% commerce and services, 8% transportation, 1.8% insured unemployed; no shortage of unskilled labor Organized labor: 48% of labor force (1969) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Belgium Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: Brussels Political subdivisions: 9 provinces Legal system: civil law system influenced by English constitutional theory; constitution adopted 1831, since amended; judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at 4 law schools; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: executive branch consists of King and cabinet; cabinet responsible to bicameral parliament; independent judiciary; coalition governments are usual Government leader: Prime Minister Gaston Eyskens Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: held 7 November 1971 (held at least once every 4 years) Political parties and leaders: Social Christian, Senator Robert Houben, party president; Socialist, Edmund LeBurton and Joris Van Eynde, co-presidents; Liberty and Progress, Senator P. Descamps, party president; Francophone Democratic Front-Walloon Rally (Walloon nationalist), Jean Duvieusart, party president; Volksunie (Flemish Nationalist), Wim Jorrisen, party president; Communist, Marc Drumeaux, president of political bureau Voting strength (1971 election): 67 seats Social Christian, 61 seats Socialist, 5 seats Communist, 34 seats Liberty and Progress, 21 seats Volksunie, 21 seats Walloon nationalist Communists: 439; splinter parties (Chinese-oriented) 400 Member of: Benelux, BLEU (Belgium-Luxembourg Economic Union), Council of Europe, ECE, ECOSOC, EC, EMA, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, IMF, NATO, OECD, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, WEU, WHO ECONOMY: GNP: $25.7 billion (1970), $2,640 per capita (1970), 62% consumption, 23% investment, 14% government, 1% net exports of goods and services; 1970 growth rate 5.5%, 1963 constant prices Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Agriculture: livestock production predominates; main crops -- grains, beets, potatoes; 80% self-sufficient in food; food shortages -- edible and coarse grains, fats and oils; caloric intake, 3,150 calories per day per capita (1967-68 est.) Fishing: catch 58,700 metric tons, $16,766,000 (1969); exports $14,973,000 (including Luxembourg, 1969), imports $76,200,000 (including Luxembourg, 1969) Major industries: engineering and metal products, processed food and beverages, chemicals, basic metals, textiles, and petroleum Shortages: iron ore, nonferrous minerals, petroleum, cotton, wool, wood Crude steel: capacity 14.3 million metric tons (1969); 12.6 million metric tons produced (1970); 1,310 kilograms per capita Electric power: 6,855,000 kw. capacity (1970); 29,306 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 2,910 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $11,600 million (f.o.b., 1970) motor vehicles, refined copper, iron and steel products, finished or semifinished precious stones, textile products Imports: $11,350 million (c.i.f., 1970) crude materials, food, fuels, automotive parts, nonelectrical machinery and appliances, clothing Major trade partners: (Belgium-Luxembourg Economic Union, 1970) West Germany 24.0%, Netherlands 17.1%, France 18.5%, U.S. 7.4%, U.K. 4.7%, Italy 4.2%; EC 63.8%, EFTA 10.9%, Communist countries 1.7%. Aid: economic -- received - U.S., $767.4 million authorized (FY46-70); none since FY70; military -- received - $1,253.6 million authorized (FY46-69), $1.9 million in FY68, none since FY68; net official economic aid to less developed areas and multilateral agencies -- $1,003.6 million (FY60-70), $119.6 million in 1970 Monetary conversion rate: 50 francs=US$l (official IMF rate), as of 30 September 1971 the actual rate was 47.01 francs=US$l Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,873 mi.; 2,645 mi. standard gage, 1,615 mi. double track, 920 mi. electrified; 228 mi. (3'3 3/8") narrow gage Highways: 57,700 mi.; 26,550 mi. bituminous, stone block, or concrete; 31,150 mi. crushed stone, gravel, earth Inland waterways: 1,270 mi., of which 950 are in regular use by commercial transport Ports: 5 major, 1 minor Merchant marine: 78 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,801,900 GRT, 1,616,000 DWT; includes 1 passenger, 50 cargo, 13 tanker, 12 bulk, 2 specialized carrier Pipelines: refined products, 400 mi.; crude, 50 mi.; natural gas, 45 mi. Civil air: 57 major transport aircraft, including 6 based'in Libya Airfields: 51 total, 37 usable; 20 with permanent-surface runways; 8 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 10 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: excellent domestic and international telephone and telegraph facilities; 1,937,000 telephones; 3.6 million radio receivers; 2.1 million TV receivers; countrywide broadcast coverage provided by 7 AM, 10 FM, and 18 TV stations; submarine cables to U.K. and to Portugal EFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $675.2 million; about 8.3% of central government budget 26 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 roved For Release 2004/08/31 FffiJ-TP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 21 sq. mi.; 8% arable, 60% forested, 21% built on, wasteland, and other, 11% leased for air and naval bases (1964) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 64 mi. UNITED STATES PEOPLE: Population: 553,000, average annual growth rate 2.3% (October 60-April 70) Ethnic divisions: approximately 63% African, 37% white Religion: 47.5% Church of England, 10.2% Catholic, 38.2% other Protestant, other Language: English Literacy: virtually 100% Labor force: 19,498 employed (1960) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Colony of Bermuda Type: British crown colony Capital: Hamilton Political subdivisions: 9 parishes Legal system: English law Branches: elected House of Assembly; appointed Legislative Council; Executive Council (cabinet) Government leaders: Governor Lord Martonmere; Prime Minister Sir Henry Tucker Suffrage: universal over age 21; compulsory Elections: at least once every 5 years; last general election, May 1968 Political parties and leaders: United Bermuda Party (UBP), Sir Henry Tucker; Progressive Labor Party (PLP), Lois Browne-Evans (PLP parliamentary leader); Bermuda Democratic Labor Party (BDP), Arnold A. Francis, Charles W. Mayne Voting strength (1968 elections): UBP 56.5%, PLP 34.4%, BDP 6.7%, Independents 2.4%; House of Assembly seats -- UBP 30, PLP 10 ECONOMY: GNP: not available Agriculture: main products -- bananas, vegetables, Easter lilies, dairy products, citrus fruits Major industries: tourism, ship repair, small boat building Electric power: 51,740 kw. capacity (1969); 181.6 million kw.-hr. produced (1969), 3,425 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $70.0 million (f.o.b., 1969); mostly reexports of drugs and bunker fuel Imports: $85.5 million (c.i.f., 1969); fuel, foodstuffs, machinery Major trade partners: U.S. 46%, U.K. 22%, Canada 9% (1968) Monetary conversion rate: 1 Bermuda dollar=US$l (14 August 1971) Fiscal year: 1 April-31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 130 mi., all paved Ports: 4 major Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 1 with concrete runway 9,660 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: modern telecom system suited to island needs, includes fully automatic telephone system with 28,100 instruments; 29,000 radio and 17,000 TV receivers, 2 AM, 1 FM, and 2 TV stations; 3 submarine coaxial cables Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 35 BHUTAN LAND: 19,000 sq. mi.; 15% agricultural, 15% desert, waste, urban, 70% forested (1963) Land boundaries: about 540 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 750,000 (official est. for 1 July 1968); males 15-49, 195,000; 100,000 fit for military service; about 8,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 60% Bhotias, 25% ethnic Nepalese, 15% indigenous or migrant tribes Religion: 75% Lamaistic Buddhism, 25% Buddhist-influenced Hinduism Language: Bhotias speak various Tibetan dialects, most widely spoken dialect is Druk-ke, the official language; Nepalese speak various Nepalese dialects Literacy: insignificant Labor force: 300,000; 99% agriculture, 1% industry; massive lack of skilled labor GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Bhutan Type: monarchy; special treaty relationship with India Capital: Thimphu Political subdivisions: 4 regions (east, central, west, south), further divided into 15-18 subdivisions Legal system: based on Indian law and English common law; in 1964 the King assumed full power -- no constitution existed beforehand; a supreme court hears appeals from district administrators; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: appointed minister and indirectly elected assembly consisting of village elders, monastic representatives, and all district and senior government administrators Government leader: King Jigme Dorji Wangchuck Suffrage: each family has one vote Elections: popular elections on village level held every 3 years Political parties: all parties illegal Communists: no overt Communist presence Other political or pressure groups: Buddhist clergy Member of: Colombo Plan, UPU, U.N. ECONOMY: GNP: under $100 per capita Agriculture: rice, barley, wheat, potatoes, fruit Major industries: handicrafts (particularly textiles) Electric power: 400 kw. capacity Exports: about $1 million annually; rice, dolomite, and handicrafts Imports: about $1.4 million annually Major trading partner: India Aid: economic -- India (FY61-68) $35.2 million Monetary conversion rate: 7.5'Indian rupees=US$l Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Highways: 810 mi.; 260 mi. surfaced, 320 mi. improved, 230 mi. unimproved earth Freight carried: not available, very light traffic Civil air: no major transport aircraft Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATID1VSrivedtFpf:Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 con Airfields: 1 composite runway under 6,000 feet Telecommunications: facilities almost nonexistent; data not available on telephones; 6,000 radio sets; no TV sets; data not available on AM; no FM; and no TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on India 30 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 6i pproved For Release 2004/08/310,qK@DP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 220,000 sq. mi.; about 6% arable, less than 1% under cultivation, mostly desert (1970) Land boundaries: 2,345 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 678,000, average annual growth rate 3.0% (FY69); 98.9% Bantu; males 15-49, 162,000; 82,000 fit for military service; 8,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 94% Tswana, 5% Bushmen, 1% European Religion: 85% animist, 15% Christian Language: Africans speak Tswana vernacular Literacy: less than 25% in English; about 33% in Tswana; less than 1% secondary school graduates Labor force: most are engaged in sheep raising and subsistence agriculture (statistics unavailable); about 25,000 in internal cash economy, another 40,000 spend at least 6 to 9 months per year as wage earners in South Africa (1964) Organized labor: negligible GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Botswana Type: republic since independence in September 1966 Capital: Gaberone Political subdivisions: 12 administrative districts Legal system: based on English common law and local customary law; constitution came into effect 1966; judicial review limited to matters of interpretation; legal education at University of Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland (located in Lesotho); has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive -- President appoints and is the chief minister in the cabinet which is responsible to Legislative Assembly; legislative -- Legislative Assembly with 31 popularly elected members and 4 members elected by the 31 representatives, House of Chiefs with deliberative powers only; judicial -- African courts administer customary law, High Court and subordinate courts have criminal jurisdiction over all residents, Court of Appeal has appellate jurisdiction Government leader: President Seretse Khama Suffrage: universal, age 21 and over Elections; general elections held 18 October 1969 Political parties and leaders: Botswana Democratic Party (BDP), Seretse Khama; Bechuanaland People's Party (BPP), P.G. Matante; Botswana Independence Party (BIP), Motsamai Mpho; Botswana National Front (BNF), Kenneth Koma Voting strength: (October 1969 election) 68% BDP (24 seats); 13.5% BPP (3 seats); 12% BNF (3 seats); 6% BIP (1 seat) Communists: no known Communist organization; Koma of BNF has long history of Communist contacts Member of: Commonwealth, FAO, OAU, U.N., WMO ECONOMY: Agriculture: principal crops are corn and sorghum; livestock raised and exported Major industries: livestock processing, mining of asbestos, manganese Electric power: 8,000 kw. capacity (1970); 0.3 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), .5 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $18.3 million (f.o.b., 1969); cattle, animal products, minerals Imports: $43.1 million (f.o.b., 1969); foodstuffs, vehicles, textiles Major trade partner: South Africa Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cc l'pg?yed For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Monetary conversion rate: 1 SA Rand=US$l.40 (Botswana uses the South African Rand) (official); 0.714 SA Rand=US$1 Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 400 mi. 3'6" gage, single track; owned and operated by the Rhodesia Railroads Highways: 5,016 mi.; 16 mi. paved, 471 mi. crushed stone, gravel, or stabilized soil; 4,529 mi. improved or unimproved earth Inland waterways: native craft only; of local importance Civil air: 12 major transport aircraft Airfields: 81 total, 70 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 19 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: the system is a minimal combination of a single main wire line and a few radiocommunication stations; Gaberone is the center; 3,500 telephones; 20,000 radio receivers; 1 AM, 1 FM, and no TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Police only 34 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 NIS 9 pproved For Release 2004/08/31 gFAIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 3,290,000 sq. mi.; 4% cultivated, 14% pastures, 14% waste, urban, or other, 13% fallow, idle, or woodlot, 55% forested (1970) Land boundaries: 8,125 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 200 n. mi. Coastline: 4,655 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 96,818,000, average annual growth rate 2.9% (September 60-70); males 15-49, 22,031,000; 14,375,000 fit for military service; 1,130 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 61.8% white, 26.6% brown, 11% Negro, 0.6% yellow (Brazilian census color classifications, 1950) Religion: 93% Roman Catholic (nominal) Language: Portuguese Literacy: about 61% over age 14 Labor force: 33 million in 1970 (est.); 41% agriculture, 12% manufacturing industries, 33% commerce and services Organized labor: about 50% of labor force; only about 1.5 million pay dues GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Federative Republic of Brazil Type: federal republic; military-backed presidential regime since April 1964 Capital: Brasilia Political subdivisions: 22 states, 4 territories, federal district (Brasilia) Legal system: based on Latin codes; dual system of courts, state and federal; constitution adopted 1967 and extensively amended in 1969; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: strong executive with very broad powers; bicameral legislature (powers of the two bodies have been sharply reduced); 11-man Supreme Court Government leader: President Emilio Garrastazu Medici Suffrage: compulsory over age 18, except illiterates and those stripped of their political rights; approximately 30 million registered voters in October 1970 Elections: President Medici's successor will be chosen on 15 January 1974 and will take office in March Political parties and leaders: National Renewal Alliance (ARENA), pro-government; Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB), opposition Communists: less than 13,000; 100,000 sympathizers (est.) Member of: FAO, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IHB, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, LAFTA, OAS, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $42.7 billion (purchasing power parity estimate, 1970), $460 per capita; 17% gross investment, 83% consumption (est. 1970); real growth rate 1970, 9.5% Agriculture: main products -- coffee, rice, beef, corn, milk, sugarcane, beans; nearly self-sufficient; caloric intake, 2,900 calories per day per capita (1962) Fishing: catch 500,000 metric tons (1968); exports $10.2 million, imports $28.6 million Major industries: textiles and other consumer goods, cement, lumber, steel, motor vehicles, other metalworking industries Crude steel: 5.5 million metric tons capacity (1970 est.); 5.4 million metric tons produced (1970); 60 kilograms per capita (1970) Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cOAAjA'ved FQ Rele Se 2094/08/31 :. IA-R 9- 10 A 0040p010R02-1 Electric power: 11.5 million kw. capacity (1g7O~; ~6.5 billion kw .-hr. produced (1970), 503 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2,740 million (f.o.b., 1970); coffee, manufactures, iron ore, cotton, sugar, wood, cocoa Imports: $2,526 million (f.o.b., 1970); machinery, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, petroleum, wheat Major trade partners: exports -- U.S. 23%, West Germany 10%, Italy 7%, Argentina 7%, Netherlands 6%, Japan 5%, U.K. 5%; imports -- U.S. 31%, West Germany 13%, Argentina 6%, U.K. 5%, Italy 3% (1970) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70) -- loans $3,023.4 million, grants $599.8 million; from international organizations (FY46-68) $1,093.6 million; from other Western countries (1960-66) -- $343.6 million; from Communist countries (1954-70) $330.6 million; drawings $66 million Monetary conversion rate: 5.5 cruzeiros=US$l (free rate September 1971, changes frequently) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 20,160 mi.; 17,886 mi. 3'3 3/8" gage, 1,982 mi. 5'3" gage, 121 mi. 4'8 1/2" gage, 171 mi. narrow gages; 1,692 mi. electrified Highways: 583,800 mi.; 26,300 mi. paved, 36,700 mi. gravel, and 520,800 mi. of improved and unimproved earth Inland waterways: 31,000 mi. navigable Ports: 6 major, 24 minor Pipelines: crude oil, 633 mi.; refined products, 139 mi.; natural gam, 24 mi. Merchant marine: 210 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,492,800 GRT, 2,171,500 DWT; includes 2 passenger, 132 cargo, 47 tanker, 22 bulk, 7 specialized carrier; includes 3 naval tankers sometimes used commercially Civil air: 112 major transport aircraft Airfields: 2,416 total, 2,077 usable; 113 with permanent-surface runways; 8 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 306 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 18 seaplane stations Telecommunications: extensive telecom facility expansion programs; radio relay widely used; communications satellite ground station; almost 1.8 million telephones; est. 10.5 million radio and 6 million TV receivers; 850 AM, 145 FM, and 50 TV stations (plus relays); 10 telegraph submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1969, $736,339,520; 19.5% of federal budget Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 72 Approved For Release 20040$1SH: g79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 8,870 sq. mi.; 38% agricultural (5% cultivated), 46% exploitable forest, 16% urban, waste, water, offshore islands or other (1966) Land boundaries: 320 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 240 mi. Ff PEOPLE: PERU BRAZIL Population: 126,000, average annual growth rate 2.9% (April 60-70); males 15-49, 28",000; 16,000 fit for military service; 1,500 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 51% Negro, 22% mestizo, 19% Amerindian, 8% other Religion: 50% Roman Catholic; Anglican, Seventh-day Adventist, Methodist, Baptist, Jehovah's, Witnesses, Mennonite Language: English, Spanish, Maya, and Carib Literacy: 70%-80% Labor force: 26,000; 41% agriculture, 19% manufacturing, 8% commerce, 12% construction and transportation, 20% services; shortage of skilled labor and all types of technical personnel; over 15% are unemployed Organized labor: 8% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Colony of British Honduras Type.: British crown colony; obtained full internal self-government in January 1964 Capital: Belize City; seat of government in Belmopan Legal system: English law; constitution came into force in 1964, although country remains a British colony . Branches: 18-member elected National Assembly and 8-member Senate (either house may choose its speaker or president, respectively, from outside its elected membership); cabinet; judiciary Government leader: Premier George Price Suffrage: universal adult (probably 21) Elections: within 5 years of last election held 5 December 1969 Political parties and leaders: People's United Party (PUP), George Price; National Inde endence Party (NIP), Philip Goldson; People's Development Movement (PDMp), Dean Lindo Voting strength (1969 election): 57.6% PUP, 39.8% NIP, 2.6% void ballots Communists: none identified Other political or pressure groups: Christian Workers' Union (CWU) which is connected with PUP; United Black Association for Development (UBAD), Evan Hyde ECONOMY: GNP: $46 million (est. 1968), $380 per capita; 78% private consumption, 17% public consumption, 36% domestic investment, -31% net foreign balance (1968); real growth rate 1968 4.5% (est.) Agriculture: main products -- citrus fruits, sugar, corn, rice, beans, livestock products; net importer of food; caloric intake, 2,500 calories per day per capita Major industries: timber and forest products, food processing, furniture, rum, soap Electric power: 8,030 kw. capacity (1969 est.); 16 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 132 kw.-hr. per capita Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 App oved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont d~: Exports: $17 million (f.o.b., 1969); sugar, lumber, citrus fruits, fish Imports: $30 million (c.i.f., 1969); vehicles, petroleum, food, textiles, machinery Major trade partners: exports -- U.K. 31%, U.S. 29%, Mexico 16%, Canada 15%; imports -- U.S. 33%, U.K. 29%, Jamaica 7% (1968) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70), $5.8 million, grants; from international organizations (1946-69), $1.1 million Monetary conversion rate: $BH1.67=US$1 (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 1,350 mi.; 150 mi. paved, 600 mi. improved (gravel, earth), 600 mi. unimproved Inland waterways: 514 mi. river network used by shallow-draft craft Ports: 1 major, 4 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 49 total, 29 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: meager but adequate facilities; Belize City center of 2,405 telephone network; over 48,000 radio receivers; 2 AM stations; no submarine cables Approved For Release 2004/08/ : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 44 BRUNEI LAND: 2,230 sq. mi.; 3% cultivated; 3% industry, waste, or urban; 94% forested Land boundaries: 237 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 136 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 127,000, average annual growth rate 3.6% (FY69); males 15-49, 32,000; 17,000 fit for military service; about 1,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 52% Malays, 28% Chinese, 15% indigenous tribes, 5% other Religion: 60% Muslim (Islam official religion); 8% Christian; 32% other (Buddhist and animist) Language: Malay and English official, Chinese Literacy: 45% Labor force: 32,155; 30.5% agriculture, 32.8% industry, manufacturing, and construction, 33.8% trade, transport, services, 2.9% other Organized labor: 8.4% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: State of Brunei Type: British protectorate; constitutional sultanate Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan Political subdivisions: 4 administrative districts Legal system: based on Islamic law; constitution promulgated by the Sultan in 1959, though Brunei remains British protectorate; scheduled to become independent in late 1970 Branches: chief of state is Sultan (advised by appointed Privy Council) who appoints Executive Council and majority of Legislative Council Government leader: Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah Suffrage: universal age 21 and over; 3-tiered system of indirect elections; popular vote cast for lowest level (district councilors) Elections: last elections -- March 1965 Political parties and leaders: antigovernment People's Independence Front (Baker), Pengiran Dato Ali, chairman Voting strength (1965 election): 6 of 10 elective seats won by defunct antigovernment Partai Ra'ayat members ECONOMY : GNP: $132 million (estimated 1968), $1,200 per capita Agriculture: main crops -- rubber, rice, sago Major industry: crude petroleum Electric power: 58,000 kw. capacity (1970); 130 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,120 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $85 million (f.o.b. 1969 ; almost all crude petroleum Imports: $77 million (c.i.f. 1970 Major trade partners: exports of crude petroleum go to Sarawak for refining and reexport; 30% imports from U.K., Singapore 16%, Japan 13% Monetary conversion rate: 3.06 Brunei dollars=US$l Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 6 mi. narrow gage (2') Highways: 750 mi.; 110 mi. paved (bituminous treated), 220 mi. gravel or stone, 420 mi. unimproved Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 C0MMUN CAT 1F Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Inland waterways: 130 mi.; navigable by shallow-draft craft Ports: 2 minor (Bandar Seri Begawan, formerly Brunei, and Kuala Belait) Pipelines: crude oil, 84 mi.; refined products, 35 mi.; natural gas, 35 mi.; crude oil and natural gas, 150 mi. under construction Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 5 total, 4 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runway; 1 with runway over 12,000 ft., 2 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: service throughout country is adequate for present needs; international service good to adjacent Sabah and Sarawak; radiobroadcast coverage good; 3,819 telephones; 13,000 radio sets; Radio Brunei broadcasts from 3 stations and uses 4 mediumwave and 1 shortwave transmitter DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of U.K.; Brunei has an indigenous military force of about 1,150; about 1,100 police are maintained Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1970, $9.8 million for the military and $7.1 million for the police; about 15% of the total budget 40 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31,;, C1A;RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 42,800 sq. mi.; 41% arable, 11% other agricultural, 33% forested, 15% other (1966) Land boundaries: 1,170 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 220 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 8,601,000, average annual growth rate 0.8% (current); males 15-49, 2,263,000; 1,885,000 fit for military service; about 68,000 reach military age (19) annually Ethnic divisions: 85.3% Bulgarians, 8.5% Turks, 2.6% Gypsies, 2.5% Macedonians, 0.3% Armenians, 0.2% Russians, 0.6% other Religion: regime promotes atheism; religious background of population is 85% Bulgarian Orthodox, 13% Muslim, 0.8% Jewish, 0.7% Roman Catholic, 0.5% Protestant, Gregorian-Armenian and other Language: Bulgarian; secondary languages closely correspond to ethnic breakdown Literacy: 95% (est.) Labor force: 4.4 million (July 1970); 38% agriculture, 33% industry, 29% other GOVERNMENT: Legal name: People's Republic of Bulgaria Type: Communist state Capital: Sofiya Political subdivisions: 28 okrugs (districts), including capital city of Sofia Legal system: based on civil law system, with Soviet law influence; new constitution adopted in 1971; judicial review of legislative acts in the State Council; legal education at University of Sofiya; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: legislative (National Assembly), Council of Ministers, judiciary Government leaders: Todor Zhivkov, Chairman, State Council (chief of state); Stanko Todorov, Chairman, Council of Ministers (premier) Suffrage: universal and compulsory over age 18 Elections: theoretically held every 4 years for National Assembly; last elections held on 27 June 1971; 99.8% of the electorate voted Political parties and leaders: Bulgarian Communist Party, Todor Zhivkov, First Secretary; Bulgarian National Agrarian Union, a puppet party, Georgi Traykov, secretary Communists: 699,000 full members (April 1971) Mass organizations and front groups: Fatherland Front, Dimitrov Communist Youth League, Central Council of Trade Unions, National Committee for Defense of Peace, Union of Fighters Against Fascism and Capitalism, Committee of Bulgarian Women, All-National Committee for Bulgarian-Soviet Friendship Member of: CEMA, GATT, IAEA, ICAO, ILO, IMCO, ITU, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO, Warsaw Pact, International Organization of Journalists, International Medical Association, International Radio and Television Organization ECONOMY: GNP: $11.1 billion, 1970 (at 1969 prices), $1,300 per capita; 1970 growth rate 7.8% (current) Agriculture: mainly self-sufficient; main crops--grain, vegetables; no food shortages; caloric intake, 3,000 calories per day per capita (1965/66) Major industries: agricultural processing, machinery, textiles and clothing, mining, ore processing, timber Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Shortages: petroleum, some raw materials, metal product~20 k per capita 9. p Crude steel: 1.86 million metric tons produced igy50billion kw. -hr. produced Electric power: 4,035,000 kw. capacity (1970); (1970), 2,285 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2,009 million (f.o.b., 1970); in 1970, 29% machinery, equipment, and transportation equipment; 13% fuels, minerals, raw materials, metals, and 35% foodstuffs other industrial material; 8% agricultural-raw materials; and animals; 15% industrial consumer goods and Imports: $1,816 million (f.o.b., 1970); in 1970, 41% machinery, equipment, transportation equipment; 38% fuels, minerals, raw materials, metals, other 6% foodstuffs and animals; 5% materials; 10% agricultural raw materials; industrial consumer goods Major trade partners: $3,825 million in 1970; 22% with non-Communist countries; 78% with Communist countries (noncommercial) 1.99 leva=US $1 Monetary conversion rate: (commercial) 1.17 leva, Fiscal year: calendar year; economic data reported for calendar year30except for caloric intake, which is reported for consumption year 1 July COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,650 mi.; about 2,470 mi. standard gage, 180 mi. narrow gage; 127 mi. double track; 477 mi. electrified; government owned (1971) Highways: 20,700 mi.; 7,900 mi. paved, 8,100 mi. crushed stone and gravel, 4,700 mi. earth (1971) Inland waterways: 300 mi. (1971) 8.9 billion short ton/mi. Freight carried: rail -- 75.2 million short tons, (1970); highway -- 511.5 million short tons, 4.7 billion short ton/mi. (1970); waterway -- 3.5 million short tons, 1.2 billion short ton/mi. (1970) Merchant marine: 108 ships (1,000 GRT and over) totaling 675,200 GRT, 974,200 DWT; includes 5 passenger, 56 cargo, 18 tanker, 29 bulk Pipelines: crude oil, 41 mi.; natural gas, 29 mi.; refined, 3 mi. 42 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 38 BURMA LAND: 262,000 sq. mi.; 23% arable, of which 12% is cultivated, 67% forest, 10% urban and other area (1965) Land boundaries: 3,630 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. (extended base lines 15 November 1968) Coastline: 1,200 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 28,517,000, average annual growth rate 2.2% (FY69); males 15-49, 6,834,000; 2,965,000 fit for military service; about 275,000 males and 266,000 females reach military age (18) annually; both are liable for military service Ethnic divisions: 72% Burman, 7% Karen, 6% Shan, 2% Kachin, 2% Chin, 2% Chinese, 3% Indian, 6% other Religion: 85% Buddhist, 15% animist and other Language: Burmese; minority ethnic groups have their own languages Literacy: 60% (official claim) Labor force: 10 million; 67% agriculture, 13% industry, 20% services, commerce, and transportation Organized labor: no figure available; old labor organizations have been disbanded, and government is forming one central labor organization GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Union of Burma Type: military dictatorship since suspension of constitution in 1962 Capital: Rangoon Political subdivisions: Burma proper, 4 other constituent states and 1 special division for the ethnic minorities; subdivided into divisions, districts, muncipalities, townships, and villages Legal system: based on English common law and incorporates Buddhist, Hindu, and Islamic relgious law; constitution of 1947 superseded by acts of the new Revolutionary Government, which seized power in 1962; legal education at Universities of Rangoon and Mandalay; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: Revolutionary Council rules through a Council of Ministers Government leader: Chairman of Revolutionary Council, Gen. Ne Win Suffrage: universal over age 18 under suspended constitution Elections: none held under present regime Political parties and leaders: government-sponsored Burmese Socialist Program Party only legal party Communists: 5,000 Member of: Colombo Plan, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $2.08 billion (FY70), less than $100 per capita; real growth rate 4% (FY70) Agriculture: main crops -- paddy, sugarcane, peanuts; almost 100% self-sufficient; most rice grown in deltaic land Major industries: agricultural processing; textiles and footwear, wood and wood products Electric power: 253,000 kw. capacity (1969); 580 million kw.-hr. produced (1969), 21 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $112 million (f.o.b., 1970); rice, teak Imports: $163 million (c.i.f., 1970) Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Major trade partners: exports -- India, Western Europe, U.K., Japan; imports Japan, Western Europe, U.K., India Monetary conversion rate: 4.76 kyat=US$l Fiscal year: 1 October - 30 September COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,022 mi.; 1,952 mi. meter gage, 70 mi. narrow-gage industrial lines; 204 mi. double track; government owned Highways: 15,540 mi.; 4,210 mi. paved, 4,770 mi. gravel, 5,810 improved earth, 750 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 8,000 mi.; 2,000 mi. navigable by large commercial vessels Ports: 4 major, 6 minor Merchant marine: 9 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 55,500 GRT, 73,800 DWT Airfields: 118 total, 83 usable; 20 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 37 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations Telecommunications: provide minimum requirements for local intercity service; international service is fair; radiobroadcast coverage is limited to the more populous areas; 24,654 telephones; 500,000 radio sets; 1 AM, 1 FM, and no TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 September 1971; $126 million, an estimated 35% of total budget Approved For Release 2004/08/314: CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 proved For Release 2004/08/31 $FI DP79-01051A000400010002-1 11,000 sq. mi.; about 37% arable (about 66% cultivated), 23% pasture, 10% scrub and forest, 30% other Land boundary: 605 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 3,654,000, average annual growth rate 2.0% (FY69); males 15-49, 850,000; 410,000 fit for military service; 42,000 reach military age (16) annually Ethnic divisions: Africans -- 86% Hutu (Bantu), 13% Tutsi (Hamitic), 1% Twa (Pigmy); non-Africans include (late 1968) 3,000 Europeans, 1,000 Asians Religion: over 60% Christian (50% Catholic, 10% Protestant); rest mostly animist plus small number of Muslims Language: Kirundi and French official Literacy: about 55% in Kirundi, 10% in Swahili, or 6% in French Labor force: 1,865,471 (1970 est.) Organized labor: sole group is the Union of Burundi Workers (UTB), membership about 30,000, affiliated with government party GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Burundi Type: republic; military government since November 1966; no constitution Capital : Bujumbura Political subdivisions: 8 provinces, subdivided into 18 arrondissements and 78 communes Legal system: based on German and French civil codes and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: presidential cabinet with Council of Ministers; no legislature Government leader: President Michel Micombero Elections: latest legislative election May 1965 Political parties and leaders: National Party of Unity and Progress (UPRONA), a predominantly Tutsi party, is only legitimate party; other parties, mostly Hutu, since 1961 have been subverted, suppressed, intimidated by UPRONA, and have ceased to exist Voting strength (1965 elections): UPRONA won 21 of 33 Assembly seats; Hutu- dominated People's Party won 10 Communists: no Communist party; resumed diplomatic relations with The People's Republic of China in October 1971 following a six-year suspension; U.S.S.R. and North Korea have diplomatic missions in Burundi Member of: EAMA, ECA, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMO, OAU, U.N., UNESCO, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: about $207.4 million (1970), $60 per capita Agriculture: major cash crops -- coffee, cotton; main food crops -- manioc, yams, corn, sorghums, bananas, haricot beans; not self-sufficient Industries: light consumer goods such as beverages, shoes, soap Electric power: 13,100 kw. capacity (1970); 26 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 7 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $21.7 million (f.o.b., 1970); coffee, cotton, hides, skins Imports: $20.9 million (c.i.f., 1970); textiles, foodstuffs, transport equipment, petroleum products Major trade partners: U.S., Belgium, Congo; much trade unrecorded Aid: $14.9 million (1969) includes U.S. $340,000 (U.S. $7.5 million FY61-70), Belgium $7.6 million, U.N. $2.2 million, EDF $2.2 million Monetary conversion rate: 87.5 Burundi francs=US$1 (official) Fiscal year: calendar year Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATARproved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Railroads: none Highways: 3,700 mi.; 45 mi. bituminous, 3,655 mi. crushed stone, gravel, laterite, and improved or unimproved earth Inland waterways: Lake Tanganyika navigable for lake steamers and barges Ports: 1 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 32 total, 22 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft. Telecommunications: telegraph is principal service, limited telephones; 3,400 telephones, 65,000 radio receivers; 2 AM, 1 FM, and no TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending December 1971, $1,100,000; about 4.5% of ordinary budget 46 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 43Rproved For Release 2004/08/316AA jP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 69,898 sq. mi.; 16% cultivated, 74% forested, 10% built-on area, wasteland, and other (1958) Land boundaries: 1,515 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: about 400 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 7,075,000 average annual growth rate 2.2% (FY69); males 15-49, 1,589,000; 885,000 fit for military service; 83,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 89% Khmer (Cambodian), 3% Vietnamese, 5% Chinese, 3% other minorities Religion: 95% Theravada Buddhism, 5% various other Language: Cambodian Literacy: 55% (est.) Labor force: 2.56 million; 80.9% agriculture, 5.5% sales, 4.7% manufacturing, transport, communications, 3.9% professional, administrative, clerical, 3.5% defense; 1.5% unemployed Organized labor: .5% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Khmer Republic Type: constitution being revised to support presidential parliamentary system Capital: Phnom Penh Political subdivisions: 20 provinces with centrally appointed governors, 3 independent municipalities Legal system: based on French civil law system; constitution adopted 1947 and amended 1960; no judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: constituent assembly replaced legislature October 1971 for purpose of writing new constitution Government leader: chief of state, Cheng Heng; Prime Minister, Lon Nol; Prime Minister Delegate, Sirik Matak Suffrage: universal over age 20 Elections: postponed indefinitely Political parties and leaders: none Communists: party strength unknown; known Communist troops in excess of 15,000 Member of: ADB, Colombo Plan, IAEA, IBRD pending, ICAO, IMF pending, U.N., WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $634 million (1969), $90 per capita (constant 1966 prices, converted at 55.5 riels=US$1); 1960-69 average growth rate 3.6% (constant 1966 prices) Agriculture: Mainly subsistence except for rubber plantations; main crops -- rice, rubber, corn; largely self-sufficient; food shortages -- dairy products, sugar, flour Major industries: rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, textiles Shortages: fossil fuels Electric power: 101,000 kw. capacity (1969); 175 million kw.-hr. produced (1969), 26 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $37.8 million (1970); rice, rubber, corn Imports: $37.2 million (1970); metals and metal products, transportation equipment, food, textiles, petroleum products, minerals Major trade partners: (1970) exports -- France, Hong Kong, Senegal, 24% with Communist countries; imports -- Japan, France, U.S., 2% with Communist countries Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (Conpperpved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Monetary conversion rate: 55.5 riels=US$l (effective 18 August 1969) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 409 mi. meter gage; government owned Highways: 9,340 mi.; 1,600 mi. bituminous, 1,000 mi. crushed stone, gravel, or laterite; 275 mi. improved earth; and 6,465 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 1,220 mi. during high water, 1,010 mi. during low water; 90% of total navigability on Mekong system and Tonle Sap Freight carried: (1968) rail -- 50 million ton-miles; waterway -- approximately 300,000 short tons annually; figures unavailable for highways Ports: 2 major, 6 minor Merchant marine: 1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,398 GRT, 2,600 DWT; Airfields: 94 total, 42 usable; 8 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 10 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: service to general public considered poor; barely adequate for government requirements; international service fair to adjoining countries and a few other nations; radiobroadcasts and television coverage limited by small number of stations and receivers; 8,024 (est.) telephones; 102,500 radio receivers; 25,000 (est.) TV receivers; 1 AM, 2 AM relay, no FM, and 1 TV station; no submarine cables Approved For Release 2004/08/1 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 52C CAMEROON LAND: 183,400 sq. mi.; 4% cultivated, 18% grazing, 13% fallow, 50% forest, 15% other (1964) Land boundaries: 2,830 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 18 n. mi. Coastline: 250 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 5,989,000, average annual growth rate 1.7% (FY70); males 15-49, 1,352,000; 705,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (18) annually about 61,000 Ethnic divisions: about 200 tribes of widely differing background; 31% Cameroon Highlanders, 19% Equatorial Bantu, 8% North West Bantu, 10% Fulani, 7% Eastern Nigritic, 11% Kirdi, 13% other African, less than 1% non-African Religion: about one-half animist, one-third Christian; rest Muslim Language: English and French official, 24 major African language groups Literacy: South 40%, North 10% Labor force: most of population engaged in subsistence agriculture; 200,000 wage earners (maximum) including 22,000 government employees, 63,000 paid agricultural workers, 49,000 in manufacturing Organized labor: under 45% of wage labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Federal Republic of Cameroon Type: federal republic; one-party presidential regime Capital: Yaounde Political subdivisions: East Cameroon and West Cameroon make up two parts of federation, divided into 9 divisions (West), 30 departments (East), 6 administrative regions Legal system: based on French civil law system, with common law influence; constitution adopted 1961; judicial review in Federal Court of Justice, when a question of constitutionality is referred to it by the President of the Republic; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: federal -- executive, legislative, judicial; East Cameroon and West Cameroon each has own government as well Government leader: President Ahmadou Ahidjo Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: presidential elections held 28 March 1970; federal parliamentary elections last held 7 June 1970 Political parties and leaders: single party, Cameroonian National Union (UNC), President Ahmadou Ahidjo Voting strength: (1970 elections - 98% in presidential; 94% in parliamentary Communists: no Communist Party or significant sympathizers Other political or pressure groups: Cameroon People's Union (UPC), illegal exile group which has engaged in guerrilla warfare in the past and continues to carry out sporadic terror against the government Member of: African Development Bank, EAMA, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, Lake Chad Basin Commission, OAU, Seabeds Committee, UDEAC, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $872 million (1970 est.), per capita about $150; real growth rate about 7% per annum Agriculture: commercial and food crops -- cocoa, coffee, timber, cotton, rubber, bananas, peanuts, palm oil and palm kernels; root starches, livestock, millet, sorghum, and rice Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Ap roved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont c Fishing: catch about 73,000 tons (1970), value not available; exports -- none (1970), imports $1.6 million (1970) Major industries: small aluminum plant; food processing and light consumer goods industries, sawmills Electric power: 200,000 kw. capacity (1970); 1,150 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 194 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $226 million (f.o.b., 1970) cocoa and coffee about 55%; other exports include timber, aluminum, cotton, natural rubber, bananas, peanuts, tobacco, and tea Imports: $242 million (c.i.f., 1970) consumer goods, machinery, transport equipment, alumina for refining, petroleum products, food and beverages; about 2% from Communist countries Major trade partners: about 70% of total trade with France and other EC countries; less than 10% of total trade with U.S. Monetary conversion rate: 1 Communaute Financiere Africaine franc=0.02 French francs; prior to 13 August 1971, 277 CFA francs = US$1 (official) Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 623 mi.; 533 mi. meter gage, 90 mi. 1'11 5/8" gage Highways: approximately 8,545 mi.; 765 mi. BST, 7,780 mi. gravel, laterite, or improved earth Inland waterways: 1,300 mi. Ports: 1 major, 3 minor Civil air: 4 major transport aircraft Airfields: 59 total, 55 usable; 5 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 19 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: good telephone service between Douala and Yaounde, fair in southern part; fair to good telegraph service; 5,800 telephones; 211,500 radio receivers; 4 AM, no FM, and no TV stations; limited wired broadcast; 1 submarine cable DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: mostly from France Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June 1972, $24,174,500; 14.0% of total budget 50 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 STAT Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Next 1 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS r pproved For Release 20@Ei4gIpQ?11kF f&~[k~F pI1C051A000400010002-1 LAND: 242,000 sq. mi.; 10%-15% cultivated, 5% dense forests, 80-85% grazing, fallow, vacant arable land, urban, waste (1966 est.) Land boundaries: 3,095 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 1,596,000, average annual growth rate 2.0% (FY69); males 15-49, 415,000; 200,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: approximately 80 ethnic groups, the majority of which have related ethnic and linguistic characteristics; Banda (32%) and Baya-Mandjia (29%) are largest single groups; 6,500 Europeans, of whom 6,000 are French and majority of the rest Portuguese Religion: 40% Protestant, 28% Catholic, 27% animist, 5% Muslim; animistic beliefs and practices strongly influence the Christian majority Language: French official; Sangho, the lingua franca and unofficial national language Literacy: estimated at 5%-10% Labor force: about half the population economically active, 80% of whom are in agriculture; between 50,000 and 85,000 salaried workers (1966) Organized labor: 1% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Central African Republic Type: republic; constitution abrogated following military coup in January 1966 Capital: Bangui Political subdivisions: 14 prefectures, 47 subprefectures Legal system: based-on French, Islamic, and tribal law; in 1966 the Chief of State assumed all power and abrogated the existing constitution; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: Gen. Bokassa heads government and rules by decree; assisted by cabinet called Council of Ministers; judiciary, including Supreme Court, court of appeals, criminal court, and numerous lower courts Government leader: President Jean-Bedel Bokassa Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: none have been held under Bokassa regime Political parties and leaders: Black African Social Evolution Movement (MESAN), ruling party under former regime, still in existence but plays little role, led by President Jean-Bedel Bokassa Communists: no Communist Party or significant number of sympathizers Member of: EAMA, FAO, GATT, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMF, ITU, OAU, OCAM, UDEAC, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $168 million (1967), about $120 per capita Agriculture: commercial -- cotton, coffee, peanuts, sesame, wood; main food crops -- manioc, corn, peanuts, rice, potatoes, beef; requires wheat, flour, rice, beef, and sugar imports Major industries: sawmills, cotton textile mills, brewery, diamond mining and splitting Electric power: 15,100 kw. capacity (1970); 32 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 20 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $38 million (f.o.b., 1969); diamonds (43%), coffee, cotton, lumber Imports: $44 million (c.i.f., 1969); textiles, petroleum products, machinery and electrical equipment, motor vehicles and equipment, chemicals and pharmaceuticals Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Major trade partner: France; preferential franc zone; U.S. Monetary conversion rate: 277 Communaute (official) Fiscal year: calendar year tariff applied to EC countries and Financiere Africaine francs=US$l COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 13,250 mi.; 50 mi. bituminous, 2,330 mi. gravel and/or crushed stone, 3,420 mi. improved earth, 7,450 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 4,400 mi.; traditional trade carried on by means of dugouts on the extensive system of rivers and streams; only the Oubangui River between Bangui and Brazzaville and short sections of the Sangha and the Lobaye Rivers are navigable throughout year; during high-water period (July - December) Oubangui navigable upstream from Bangui as far as Ouango Port: Bangui, Ouango (river ports) Civil air: 4 major transport aircraft Airfields: 65 total, 49 usable; 3 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 15 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: facilities are meager and provide only barely sufficient services; principal network is 39 low-capacity, low-powered radiocommunica- tion stations; no cables or radio relay links are used; single center of Bangui has only international radio connections; 3,500 telephones; 46,000 radio receivers; 1 AM, 1 FM, and no TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: completely dependent on France Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1970, $4,878,000; about 11.2% of ordinary budget Approved For Release 2004/08/311: CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 37 CEYLON LAND: 25,300 sq. mi.; 23% arable; 20% desert, waste, or urban; 54% forested; 3% inland water (1968) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 835 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 12,814,000, average annual growth rate 2.3% (July 63-September 71); males 15-49, 3,086,000; 2,315,000 fit for military service; 143,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 71% Sinhalese, 21% Tamil, 6% Moor, 2% other Religion: 64% Buddhist, 20% Hindu, 9% Christian, 6% Muslim, 1% other Language: Sinhala official, spoken by about 70% of population; Tamil spoken by about 22%; English commonly used in government and spoken by about 10% of the population Literacy: 82% (1970 est.) Labor force: 4 million; at least 14% unemployed or underemployed; employed persons -- 53.4% agriculture, 14.8% mining and manufacturing, 12.4% trade and transport, 19.4% services and other Organized labor: 43% of labor force, over 50% of which employed on tea, rubber, and coconut estates GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Dominion of Ceylon (rarely used) Type: independent state since 1948; recognizes Elizabeth II as sovereign Capital: Colombo Political subdivisions: 9 provinces, 22 administrative districts, and four categories of semiautonomous elected local governments Legal system: a highly complex mixture of English common law, Roman-Dutch, Muslim and customary law; constitution adopted 1946-47, new constitution to be adopted soon; no judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at Ceylon Law College and University of Ceylon, Peradeniya; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: unitary parliamentary form of government; unicameral legislature and independent judiciary Government leader: Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike Suffrage: universal over age 18, but approximately 1.1 million Indian Tamils not enfranchised Elections: national elections, ordinarily held every 5 years (last election held May 1970); must be held more frequently if government loses confidence vote Political parties and leaders: Sri Lanka Freedom Party, Sirimavo Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike, President; Lanka Sama Samaja Party (Trotskyite), N. M. Perera, President; Mahajana Eksath Peramuna, Philip Gunawardena, President; Federal Party, S. J. V. Chelvanayakam, leader; United National Party, Dudley Senanayake, President; Ceylon Communist Party/Moscow, Pieter Keuneman, Secretary General; Ceylon Communist Party/Peking, N. Shanmugathasan Faction; Ceylon Communist Party/Peking, P. Kumarasiri Faction; All Ceylon Tamil Congress, G. G. Ponnambalam, President Voting strength (1970 election): 37% Sri Lanka Freedom Party, 38% United National Party, 9% Lanka Sama Samaja Party, 3.5% Communist Party/Moscow, 5% Federal Party, minor parties and independents accounted for remainder Communists: approximately 169,000 voted for the Communist Party in the May 1970 general election; Communist Party/Moscow approximately 2,000, Communist Party/Peking 532 (1968 est.) Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT pr?vp~ For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Other political or pressure groups: Buddhist clergy, Sinhalese Buddhist lay groups Member of: ADB, Colombo Plan, Commonwealth, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $1.95 billion (1970), $150 per capita; real growth rate 4.1% (1970) Agriculture: agriculture accounts for about 35% of GNP; main crops -- rice, rubber, tea, coconuts; 55% self-sufficient in food; food shortages -- rice, wheat, sugar, fish Fishing: catch 140,000 tons (1970), $64 million; exports $0.4 million, imports $11.7 million Major industries: processing of rubber, tea, and other agricultural commodities; consumer goods manufacture Electric power: 298,000 kw. capacity (1969); 750 million kw.-hr. produced (1969), 60 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $342 million (f.o.b., 1970); tea, rubber, coconut products Imports: $398 million (c.i.f., 1970) Major trade partners: (1969) exports -- U.K. 20.2%, China 12.8%, U.S. 8.0%, Australia 4.2%, South Africa 4.5%, U.S.S.R. 4.8%, West Germany 4.1%, Canada 2.6%; imports -- U.K. 17.4%, China 11.1%, India 8.3%, Australia 4.5%, U.S.S.R. 2.0%, U.S. 8.4%, Japan 7.4%, Burma 1.2% Monetary conversion rate: 5.95 rupees=US$l Fiscal year: 1 October - 30 September COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 938 mi.; 851 mi. 5'6" gage, 87 mi. 2'6" gage; 63 mi. double track; no electrification; government owned Highways: 25,580 mi.; 11,700 mi. paved (mostly bituminous treated), 11,500 mi. crushed stone or gravel, 530 mi. improved earth, 1,850 mi. unimproved earth; in addition several thousand mi. of tracks, mostly unmotorable Inland waterways: 270 mi.; navigable by shallow-draft craft Ports: 3 major, 9 minor Airfields: 17 total, 13 usable; 13 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 7 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: an inadequate telephone and a less extensive but more efficient telegraph system serves most areas, with greatest concentration around Colombo and Kandy; all areas are served by radio and/or wire broadcast; excellent international service; 60,841 telephones; 500,000 radio sets, no TV sets; 1 AM (plus 4 repeater stations), no FM, and no TV stations; submarine cables extend to India, Malaysia, Seychelle Islands, and Aden Approved For Release 2004/061 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 - FIlff-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 NIS 52A LAND: 496,000 sq. mi.; 17% arable, 35% pastureland, 2% forest and scrub, 46% other uses and waste (1967) Land boundaries: 3,720 mi. U" > > Boulala, and Wadai) in the north and center and non-Muslims (Sara, Mayo- Kebbi, and Chari) in the south; some 150,000 nonindigenous, 5,000 of them French Religion: about half Muslim, 5% Christian, remainder animist Language: French official; Chadian Arabic is lingua franca in north, Sara and Sangho in south Literacy: about 7% Labor force: only 55% of population in economically active group, of which 90% are engaged in unpaid subsistence farming, herding, and fishing; 60,000 wage earners in industry and civil service Organized labor: about 20% of wage labor force PEOPLE: Population: 3,842,000, average annual growth rate 2.4% (current); males 15-49, 933,000; 485,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (20) annually about 35,000 Ethnic divisions: over 240 tribes representing 12 ethnic groups -- white Muslims (Arabs, Toubou, and Fulani) A black Muslims (Kotoko Hausa Kanembou, Baguirmi, GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Chad Type: republic; one-party presidential regime since 1962 Capital: Fort-Lamy Political subdivisions: 14 prefectures Legal system: based on French civil law system and Chadian customary law; constitution adopted 1962; judicial review of legislative acts in theory a power of the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: President, who has sweeping powers, elected by universal adult suffrage to 7-year term; separate popularly elected unicameral National Assembly with 5-year term; independent judiciary Government leader: President Francois Tombalbaye Elections: presidential elections held June 1969, parliamentary elections last held December 1969 Political parties and leaders: Chadian Progressive Party (PPT), only legal party, led by Francois Tombalbaye Voting strength: (1969 elections) 93% in presidential, 97% in parliamentary Communists: no front organizations or underground party; probably a few Communists and some sympathizers Other political or pressure groups: lightly armed Muslim rebel bands have been sporadically harassing government forces since October 1965 in east-central and since August 1969 in northern Chad; in 1971, this dissidence was concentrated mainly in the north and east Member of: EAMA, FAO, GATT, ICAO, IBRD, IDA, ILO, IMF, ITU, Lake Chad Basin Commission, OAU, OCAM, UEAC, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: about $209 million (1967), about $60 per capita; annual growth rate 5.7% Agriculture: commercial -- cotton, gum arabic, livestock, fish; food crops -- peanuts, millet, sorghum, rice, dates, manioc, wheat; imports food Fishing: catch 100,000-110,000 tons annually; exports $300,000 (1969) Major industries: agricultural and livestock processing plants (cotton textile mill, slaughterhouses, brewery), natron Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (con 4pproved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO004000100~2 Electric power: 16,300 kw. capacity (1970); 45 million kw.-Fir. produce (970), 12 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $33.8 million (c.i.f., 1968) including trade with members of the Economic and Customs Union of Central Africa (UDEAC); cotton 80%, meat, hides Imports: $50.0 million (c.i.f., 1968) including UDEAC trade; petroleum, textiles, machinery and motor vehicles; $1.3 million from Communist countries (1967) Major trade partners: France (about 36%) and-UDEAC countries; preferential tariffs to EC and franc zone countries Aid: major source France, FY61-67 $49.1 million; EC (FY60-67) $28.6 million; U.S. (FY62-70) $9.2 million; U.S.S.R. $2.2 million (1968); military aid (1954-68) -- $5.4 million, from France $4.1 million, remainder from West Germany and Israel Monetary conversion rate: 277 Communaute Financiere Africaine francs=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 19,200 mi.; 160 rni. bituminous, 3,300 mi. gravel and laterite, and 15,740 mi. unimproved Inland waterways: approximately 1,300 mi. of year-round navigability, increased to 3,000 mi. during high-water period Civil air: 3 major transport aircraft Airfields: 74 total, 60 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 18 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: fair system of radiocommunication stations only for intercity links; principal center Fort-Lamy, secondary center Fort-Archambault; 4,200 telephones; 60,000 radio receivers; 1 AM, 1 FM, and no TV stations 58 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 89 CHILE LAND: 286,000 sq. mi; 2% cultivated, 7% other arable, 15% permanent pasture, grazing, 29% forest, 47% barren mountains, deserts, and cities (1965) Land boundaries: 3,930 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: claim 3 n. mi. (fishing, 200 n. mi.) Coastline: 4,000 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 9,124,000, average annual growth rate 1.9% (November 60-April 70); males 15-49, 2,177,000; 1,620,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (19) annually about 90,000 Ethnic divisions: 85%-90% mestizo, 3% Indian, 7% European, Asiatic, and other Religion: 90% Roman Catholic, 5% (est.) Evangelical, 5% other Language: Spanish Literacy: 84% Labor force: 3.1 million (1969); 28% agricultural, 24% industry and construction, 24% services, 10% commerce, 4% mining, 10% other (1962) Organized labor: 20% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Chile Type: republic Capital: Santiago Political subdivisions: 25 provinces Legal system: based on Code 1857 derived from Spanish law and subsequent codes influenced by French and Austrian law; constitution adopted 1925, amended since then; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; legal education at University of Chile, Catholic University, and several others; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jursidiction Branches: president; bicameral legislature; independent judiciary Government leader: President Salvador Allende Suffrage: universal (except enlisted military and police) and compulsory at age, 18 Elections: next presidential election (1976); next Chamber of Deputies election (1973); 20 senators (1973) Political parties and leaders:. Communist Party, Luis Corvalan; Socialist Party, Salvador Allende and Carlos Altamirano; Popular Socialist Union, Raul Ampuero; Christian Democratic Party, Eduardo Frei and Rodomiro Tomic; Radical Party, Carlos Morales; National Party, Sergio Onofre Jarpa Voting strength (1970 presidential election): 36.6% Marxist-led coalition, 35.3% conservative independent, 28.1% Christian Democrat; (1969 Congressional election) 12.9% Radical, 29.7% Christian Democrat, 12.2% Socialist, 15.7% Communist, 20.0% National, 9.5% other Communists: 65,000; sympathizers, 100,000 Other political or pressure groups: organized labor; business organizations; landowners' associations (SNA -- Sociedad Nacional de Agricultura); terrorist MIR (Movement of Revolutionary Left) Member of: ECOSOC, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDB, IHB, IMF, LAFTA and Andean Sub- Regional Group (created in May 1969 within LAFTA), OAS, Seabeds Committee, U.N. Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: GNP: $8.3 billion (purchasing power parity estimate, 1970), $850 per capita; 73% private consumption, 14% government consumption, 13% gross investment (1970 est.); real growth rate 1970, 2% (est.) Agriculture: main crops -- wheat, other cereals, potatoes; about 75% self- sufficient; 2,600 calories per day per capita (1970 est.) Fishing: catch 1.08 million tons; exports $25.4 million, imports $0.2 million Major industries: copper, nitrates, foodstuffs, fish processing, textiles and apparel, iron and steel, pulp and paper Crude steel: 0.7 million metric tons capacity (1967); 0.6 million metric tons produced (1969), 60 kg. per capita Electric power: 2.55 million kw. capacity (1970 est.); 8.9 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970 est.), 910 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $1,130 million (f.o.b., 1970 est.); copper, nitrates, iron Imports: $1,020 million (c.i.f., 1970 est.); machinery and equipment, chemicals petroleum, foodstuffs Major trade partners: exports -- EC 42%, U.K. 12%, U.S. 14%, Japan 12%, LAFTA 10%; imports -- U.S. 37%, EC 21%, U.K. 6%, Japan 3%, LAFTA 21% (1970) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70) -- $1,559.7 million ($1,354.2 million loans, $200.7 million grants); from international organizations (FY46-70) -- $566.3 million (of which IBRD $232.7 million, IDB $253.9 million); from other Western countries (1960-66) -- $170.6 million; from Communist countries (1967-70) -- $59.8 million; military (FY46-70) -- from U.S., $20.1 million in loans, $123.8 million in grants Monetary conversion rate: multiple exchange rate system; 28.03 escudos=US$l nontrade (broker) rate; 12.23 escudos=US$l trade rate; varying taxes drive effective rate as high as 43 escudos=US$l for some purposes; black market rate is upwards of 65 escudos=US$l (September 1971) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 5,090 mi.; 1,930 mi. 5'6" gage, 230 mi. 4'8 1/2" gage, 200 mi. 3'6" gage, 2,590 mi. 3'3 3/8" gage, 80 mi. 2'6" gage, 60 mi. 1'11 5/8" gage, 133 mi. double track; 437 mi. electrified Highways: 40,000 mi.; 4,600 mi. paved, 19,900 mi. gravel, 15,500 mi. improved and unimproved earth Inland waterways: 451 mi. Pipelines: crude oil, 380 mi.; refined products, 510 mi., natural gas, 200 mi. Ports: 10 major, 20 minor Merchant marine: 49 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 400,100 GRT, 595,100 DWT; includes 2 passenger, 30 cargo, 6 tanker, 9 bulk, 2 specialized carrier; includes 2 naval tankers and 1 transport sometimes used commercially Civil air: 48 major transport aircraft Airfields: 431 total, 302 usable; 40 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with run- ways 8,000-11,999 ft., 53 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 7 seaplane stations Telecommunications: extensive radio relay network under construction; telephone network modern but with only 349,000 instruments; communications satellite ground station; est. 2.5 million radio and 500,000 TV receivers, 137 AM, 30 FM, and 15 TV stations Approved For Release 2004/08/3160CIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 NIS 39Rproved For Release ?R08d?a,Fj~1-e~Lf~0'51A000400010002-1 LAND: 3.7 million sq. mi.; 11% cultivated, sown area extended by multicropping, 78% desert, waste, or urban (32% of this area consists largely of denuded wasteland, plains, rolling hills, and basins from which about 3% could be reclaimed), 8% forested; 2%-3% inland water (1971) Land boundaries: 15,000 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 9,000 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 864,530,000, average annual growth rate 2.3% (current) Ethnic divisions: 94% Han Chinese; 6% Chuang, Uighur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Pu-I, Korean, and numerous lesser nationalities Religion: most people, even before 1949, have been pragmatic and eclectic, not seriously religious; most important elements of religion are Confucian- ism, Taoism, Buddhism, ancestor worship; about 2%-3% Muslim, 1% Christian Language: Chinese (Mandarin mainly; also Cantonese, Wu, Fukienese, Amoy, Hsiang, Kan, Hakka dialects), and minority languages (see ethnic divisions above) Literacy: at least 25% Labor force: 335 million (mid-1966); 85% agriculture, 15% other; shortage of skilled labor (managerial, technical, mechanics, etc.); surplus of unskilled labor GOVERNMENT: Legal name: People's Republic of China Type: Communist state; since beginning of Cultural Revolution, real authority has become increasingly diffused as result of persistent rivalries within the top leadership Capital: Peking (Peiping) Political subdivisions: 21 provinces, 3 centrally governed municipalities, and 5 autonomous regions Legal system: before 1966, a complex amalgam of custom and statute, largely criminal; little ostensible development of uniform code of administrative and civil law; highest judicial organ is Supreme People's Court although legal activity centered in parallel network of Public Security organs; laws and legal procedure clearly subordinated to priorities of party policy; whole system largely suspended during Cultural Revolution and only gradually being revived under military tutelage Branches: prior to 1966 control was exercised by Chinese Communist Party, through State Council, which supervised more than 50 ministries, commissions, bureaus, etc., all technically under the standing committee of the National People's Congress; this system broke down under "Cultural Revolution" pressures and is currently in process of being reconsolidated and streamlined Government leader: Premier of State Council, Chou En-lai; Chairman, People's Republic of China (chief of state, a ceremonial post currently vacant); both subordinate to central committee of CCP, under Chairman Mao Tse-tung Suffrage: universal over age 18, though this is academic Elections: no meaningful elections Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMEN-Aop4TOV For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Political parties and leaders: Chinese Communist Party (CCP), headed by Mao Tse-tung; Mao is Chairman of political bureau, usually real locus of power in China, and also Chairman of Central Committee; a new central committee was formed at the 9th Party Congress held in April 1969 but the National People's Congress, the body which would confirm the new constitution, has not yet been held; all 29 provincial level party committees were reestablished by 19 August 1971 and most sub-provincial levels now have party committees Voting strength: 100% Communist for practical purposes; no political nonconformity permitted Communists: about 20 million in 1965 Other political or pressure groups: pre-Cultural Revolution mass organizations have not yet resumed their former roles of a united front facade; army (PLA) is dominant force in countryside, with soldiers performing a wide range of civil political-administrative duties Member of: U.N., Red Cross, other international bodies ECONOMY: GNP: about $120 billion (1970), $145 per capita Agriculture: main crops -- rice, wheat, miscellaneous grains, cotton; caloric intake, 2,000 calories per day per capita (1970); agriculture mainly subsistence; grain imports 4-5 million tons annually (1961-70) Major industries: iron and steel, coal, machine building, armaments, textiles Shortages: complex machinery and equipment, highly skilled scientists and technicians Crude steel: 17 million tons produced (1970), 20 kilograms per capita (1970) Exports: $2.1 billion (f.o.b., 1970), agricultural products, minerals and metals, manufactured goods Imports: $2.2 billion (c.i.f., 1970), grain, chemical fertilizer, industrial raw materials, machinery and equipment Major trade partners: Japan, Hong Kong, West Germany, U.K., Singapore, Malaysia, Canada, Australia (1970) Monetary conversion rate: 2.46 yuan=US$l (arbitrarily established) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: about 25,000 mi., of which 370 mi. 3'3 3/8" gage, 30 mi. 3'6" gage, 24,600 mi. 4'8 1/2" gage; mostly single track, less than 1% electrified; government owned Highways: 325,000 mi.; 1,000 mi. paved, 74,000 mi. gravel and crushed stone, 80,000 mi. improved earth, and 170,000 mi. unimproved earth, including tracks Inland waterways: 105,000 mi.; 25,000 mi. navigable by modern motorized craft Ports: 9 major, 157 minor Airfields: 303 total; 209 with permanent-surface runways; 4 with runways over 12,000 ft., 60 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 207 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station *In terms of DWT, 65% of the fleet is employed in domestic operations and the remainder in international operations to Southeast Asia, Africa, Europe, and Japan. 62 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS ARproved For Release 2004/O8I 1 : IA-RDP70-01O51AOOO4OOO1OOO2-1 LAND: 14,000 sq. mi. (Taiwan and Pescadores); 24% cultivated, 6% pasture, 55% forested, 15% other (urban, industrial, denuded, water area) (1969) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 615 mi. Taiwan, 285 mi. offshore islands PEOPLE: Population: 15,003,000 (excluding the population of Quemoy and Matsu Islands and foreigners), average annual growth rate 2.3% (January 70-71); males 15-49, 3,595,000; 2,720,000 fit for military service; average number currently reaching military age (19) annually 180,000 Ethnic divisions: 84% Taiwanese, 14% mainland Chinese, 2% aborigines Religion: 93% mixture of Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism; 4.5% Christian; 2.5% other Language: Mandarin, Taiwanese, Japanese, English Literacy: about 90% Labor force: 4.5 million; 41% agriculture, forestry, fishing, 18% manufacturing, 15% services, 15% commerce, 5% transportation and communications, 4% construction, 2% mining (1968) Organized labor: about 10% of 1968 labor force (government controlled) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of China Type: republic; one-party presidential regime Capital: Taipei Political subdivisions: 16 counties, 4 cities, 1 special municipality (Taipei) Legal system: based on civil law system; constitution adopted 1947, amended 1960 to permit Chiang Kai-shek to be reelected; some judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: 5 independent branches (executive, legislative, judicial, plus traditional Chinese functions of examination and control), dominated by executive branch; President and Vice President elected by National Assembly Government leaders: President Chiang Kai-shek; Vice President, Premier Yen Chia-kan; Vice-Premier, Chairman Council for International Economic Cooperation and Development Chiang Ching-kuo Suffrage: universal over age 20 Elections: national level -- legislative yuan every 3 years but not held since 1948 election on mainland (partial election for Taiwan province representatives December 1969); local level -- provincial assembly, county and municipal executives every 4 years; county and municipal assemblies every 4 years Political parties and leaders: Kuomintang, or National Party, led by Director General Chiang Kai-shek, has no real opposition; 2 insignificant parties are Democratic Socialist Party, Young China Party Voting strength (1968 provincial assembly election): 61 seats Kuomintang, 10 seats independents Member of: expelled from U.N. General Assembly and Security Council on 25 October 1971 and withdrew on same date from other charter-designated subsidiary organs; attempting to retain membership in specialized agencies, such as IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IHB, IMCO, IMF, ITU, UPU, WHO, WMO Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GNP: $4.8 billion (1969), $320 per capita; real growth, 9% Agriculture: most arable land intensely farmed -- 60% cultivated land under irrigation; main crops -- rice, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, bananas, pineapples, citrus fruits; 90% self-sufficient; food shortages -- wheat Fishing: catch 561,000 tons, $146 million (1969) Major industries: textile manufacturing, chemicals, plywood, electronics, sugar milling, food processing, cement Electric power: 2,345,000 kw. capacity (1969); 11.3 billion kw.-hr. produced (1969); 819 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $1,428 million (f.o.b., 1970); textiles 22%, metals and manufactures 25%, canned foods 5%, lumber and plywood 4%, bananas 5%, sugar 4% Imports: $1,524 million (c.i.f., 1970) Major trade partners: exports -- 37 U.S., 15% Japan; imports -- 38% Japan, 30% U.S. Aid: economic -- U.S. (FY53-69) $1.3 billion committed; IBRD (1964-68) $104 million committed; military -- U.S. (FY49-70) $3.4 billion committed Monetary conversion rate: NT$40 (New Taiwan)=US$l Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,823 mi., all narrow gage; 130 mi. double track; 623 mi. government owned, 2,200 mi. industrial Highways: 10,300 mi. plus 300 mi. on Penghu and offshore islands; 3,300 mi. paved, 5,000 mi. gravel and crushed stone, 2,000 mi. earth Ports: 7 major, 9 minor Merchant marine: 154 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,284,000 GRT, 1,906,400 DWT; includes 2 passenger, 110 cargo, 12 tanker, 17 bulk, 7 specialized carrier Approved For Release 2004/08341 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 NIS 85 COLOMBIA LAND: 440,000 sq. mi.; 6% cultivated, 18% meadows and pastures 53% forested, 5% inland water, 18% built-up area Land boundaries: 3,750 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 1,500 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 22,913,000, average annual growth rate 3.2% (current); males 15-49, 5,380,000; 3,255,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (18) annually about 244,000 Ethnic divisions: 70% mestizo, 20% white, 5% Negro, 5% Indian Religion: 95% Roman Catholic Language: Spanish Literacy: 47% of population over 15 years old Labor force: 5.6 million (1966); 42% agriculture, 15% manufacturing, 20% services, 23% other (1962) Organized labor: 13% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Colombia Type: republic; executive branch dominates government structure Capital: Bogota Political subdivisions: 22 departamentos, 4 intendencias, 4 comisarias, 1 federal district Legal system: based on Spanish law; religious courts regulate marriage and divorce; constitution decreed in 1886, amendments codified in 1946; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: President, bicameral legislature, judiciary Government leader: President Misael Pastrana Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: every fourth year; last presidential and congressional elections April 1970; municipal and departmental elections, 1972 Political parties and leaders: "Progressive Liberals," Carlos Lleras Restrepo, Alfonso Lopez Michelsen; Liberal Party, Julio Cesar Turbay; Conservative Party, Unionista Wing, Mariano Ospina Perez, Misael Pastrana; Conservative Party, Alzatista Wing, Alvaro Gomez Hurtado; National Popular Alliance (ANAPO), General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, Maria Eugenia Rojas de Moreno; Liberals probably command majority of votes over conservatives, but constitution under the National Front Coalition calls for 50-50 representation of Liberals and Conservatives in the National Congress until 1974; in local legislative bodies, parity terminated with the 1970 election; Conservative Party united with progovernment and Ospina wing in August 1969 to choose National Front presidential candidate; opposition wing (Lauro-Alzatista) led by Gomez Voting strength: 1970 presidential election -- Misael Pastrana 1.61 million votes, General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla 1.54 million votes, Belisario Betancur Cuartas .46 million votes, Evardisto Sourdis .3 million votes Other political or pressure groups: Communist Party (PCC), Gilberto Vieira White; MRL del Pueblo, Communist front for electoral purposes; PCC/ML, Chinese Line Communist Party, led by Pedro Lupo Leon Arboleda Roldan Member of: FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IFC, IHB, ILO, IMF, ITU, LAFTA and Andean Sub-Regional Group (created in May 1969 within LAFTA), OAS, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GNP: $10.4 billion (purchasing power parity estimate, 1970), $480 per capita; 72% private consumption, 7% public consumption, 21% gross investment (1969); real growth rate 1970, 7.0% Agriculture: main crops -- coffee, rice, corn, sugarcane, plantains, bananas, cotton, potatoes, yucca; caloric intake, 2,220 calories per day per capita (1965) Fishing: catch 70,600 tons; exports $2.9 million (1969), imports $5 million (1969) Major industries: textiles, food processing,-clothing and footwear, beverages, chemicals, and metal products Crude steel: 0.4 million metric tons capacity (1965); 0.26 million metric tons production (1969), 10 kilograms per capita Electric power: 22 million kw. capacity (1970); 8.8 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 396 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $638 million (f.o.b., 1969); coffee, petroleum, bananas, tobacco, cotton, sugar, textiles, cattle and hides Imports: $724 million (c.i.f., 1969); industrial metals and raw materials, transportation equipment, machinery, fuels, fertilizers, paper and paper products, wheat Major trade partners: U.S. 44%, West Germany 11%, other EC 9%, EFTA 9% Latin America 6%, Communist countries 4% (1968) Monetary conversion rate: 20.38 pesos=US$1 (September 1971, changes frequently) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,160 mi., all 3'0" gage, single track, 22 mi. electrified Highways: 28,600 mi.; 3,700 mi. paved, 19,900 mi. crushed stone or gravel, 3,100 mi. improved earth, 1,900 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 8,900 mi., navigable by river boats Pipelines: crude oil, 2,000 mi.; refined products, 828 mi.; natural gas, 370 mi.; natural gas liquids 83 mi. Ports: 5 major, 5 minor Merchant marine: 36 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 193,200 GRT, 246,600 DWT; 33 cargo, 3 tanker (includes 2 naval tankers sometimes used comercially) Civil air: 91 major transport aircraft Airfields: 727 total, 617 usable; 29 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway over 12,000 ft.; 6 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 76 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 11 seaplane stations Telecommunications: rapidly improving nationwide telecom system, with UHF relay system being installed; communications satellite ground station; over 575,000 telephones; est. 6 million radio and 730,000 TV receivers, 253 AM, 132 FM, and 16 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: proposed for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $89.4 million; about 10.2% of central government budget Approved For Release 2004/08/31 :CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/ 1 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 52E CONGO BRAZZAVILLE) LAND: 135,000 sq. mi.; 63% dense forest or woodland, 33% cultivable or grazing (2% cultivated est.), 4% urban or waste (1970) Land boundaries: 2,805 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: claim 15 n. mi. Coastline: 105 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 962,000, average annual growth rate 2.0% (current); males 15-49, 236,000; 113,000 fit for military service; about 10,000 reach military age (20) annually Ethnic divisions: about 15 ethnic groups divided into some 75 tribes, almost all Bantu; most important ethnic groups are Kongo (48%) in south, Teke (17%) in center, M'Bochi (12%) and Sangha (20%) in north;-about 8,500 Europeans, mostly French Religion: about half animist, half nominally Christian, less than 1% Muslim Language: French official, many African languages with Lingala and Kikongo most widely used Literacy: about 20% Labor force: about 40% of population economically active, most engaged in subsistence agriculture; 79,100 wage earners; 40,000-60,000 unemployed Organized labor: 16% of total labor force (1965 est.) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: People's Republic of the Congo Type: republic; military regime established September 1968 Capital: Brazzaville Political subdivisions: 9 regions divided into districts Legal system: based on French civil law system and customary law; constitution adopted 1963 and 1969 Branches: President, Council of State; National Assembly dissolved August 1968; judiciary presumably still functions according to provisions of 1963 constitution; all policy made by Congolese Workers Party Central Committee and Politburo Government leader: President, Maj. Marien Ngouabi Suffrage: universal over age 18 Elections: last legislative elections December 1963; none scheduled Political parties and leaders: Congolese Workers Party (PCT) is only legal party; 40 member Central Committee, 10 member Politburo, President, Maj. Manen Ngouabi, First Secretary, Claude Ndalla Graille Voting strength: no elections held since PCT formed Communists: some Communists and sympathizers Other political or pressure groups: Union of Congolese Socialist Youth (UJSC), Congolese Trade Union Congress (CSC), Revolutionary Union of Congolese, Union (URFC), General Union of Congolese Pupils and Students (UGEEC) Member of: EAMA, EC (associate), FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMF, ITU, OAU, OCAM, UDEAC, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: about $228 million (1967 est.), about $260 per capita, real growth rate about 4% per year Agriculture: cash crops -- sugarcane, wood, coffee, cocoa, palm kernels, peanuts, tobacco; food crops -- root crops, rice, corn, bananas, manioc, fish Fishing: catch 30,000 tons (1970 est.) Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY ( ) cigarettes, sugar mill, soap Major industries: sawmills, brewery, Electric power: 42,000 kw. capacity (1970); 68 million kw. hr. produced (1970), 70 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $60 million (f.o.b., 1968); lumber, sugar, tobacco, veneer, and plywood; diamonds smuggled from Zaire transport equipment, manufactured Imports: $86 million (c.i.f., 1968); machinery, petroleum products consumer goods, iron and steel, foodstuffs, p Major trade partners: France and other EC countries on preferential basis Monetary conversion rate: 277 Communaute Financiere Africaine francs=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 490 mi., 316" gage, single track Inland waterways: 4,030 mi . navigable Ports: 1 major Civil air: 8 major transport aircraft Airfields: 69 total, 49 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 16 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: all services only fair; barely adequate for government radio public; principal network is comprised of 30 low-capacity, lgp communication stations; few wire lines connect key centers of Brazzaville, Pointe-Noire, and Dolisie with maximum of 21 channels; 9,800 telephones; 65,000 radio receivers; 1,800 TV receivers; 3 AM, no FM, and 1 TV stations 68 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 76 Approved For Release 2004/08/~.STPI-DDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 19,700 sq. mi.; 30% agricultural land (8% cultivated, 22% meadows and pasture), 60% forested, 10% waste, urban, and other (1964) Land boundaries: 415 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing 200 n. mi..) Coastline: 800 mi. x Literacy. appro y Labor force: 457,000 (1968); 46.3% agriculture; 13.2% manufacturing; 11% commerce; 8% construction, transportation, and communications; 21.5% other; shortage of skilled labor Organized labor: about 10% of labor force PEOPLE: Population: 1,820,000, average annual growth rate 3.1% (FY69); males 15-49, 392,000; 265,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (18) annually about 22,000 Ethnic divisions: 98% white (including mestizo), 2% Negro Religion: 95% Roman Catholic Language: Spanish imatel 80% GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Costa Rica Type: unitary republic Capital: San Jose Political subdivisions: 7 provinces Legal system: based on Spanish civil law system; constitution adopted 1949; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; legal education at University of Costa Rica; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: President, unicameral legislature, Supreme Court elected by legislature Government leader: President Jose Figueres Suffrage: universal and compulsory age 18 and over Elections: every 4 years; next, February 1974 Political parties and leaders: National Liberation Party (PLN), Jose Figueres; National Union Party (PUN), Otilio Ulate; Republican Party (PR), former leader died in June 1970 (no new one as yet); Authentic Republican Union Party (PURA), Mario Echandi; Christian Democratic Party (PDC), Jorge Monge Zamora; Third Front (PFN), Virgilio Calvo; Socialist Action Party (PASO), Marcial Aguiluz; Revolutionary Civic Union Party (PUCR), Frank Marshall; Popular Vanguard Party (PVP, Communist, illegal), Manuel Mora Voting strength (1970 election): National Unification (coalition of PUN, PR, and PURA), 41.1%; PLN, 55%; PFN, 1.7%; PDC, 0.9%; PASO,w1.3% Member of: CACM, IADB, IAEA, ICAO, OAS, U.N. ECONOMY: GNP: $896 million (purchasing power parity estimate, 1970), $510 per capita; 14% government consumption, 67% private consumption, 23% domestic investment, 6% inventory, -10% net foreign balance (1969); real growth rate 1970, 8.0% Agriculture: main products -- bananas, coffee, sugarcane, rice, corn, cocoa, livestock products; caloric intake, 2,500 calories per day per capita Fishing: catch 4,100 tons (1970); exports, $1.4 million (1969), imports $0.4 million (1969) Major industries: food processing, textiles and clothing, construction materials, fertilizer Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (coo-p pved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Electric power: 237,000 kw. capacity (1969); 757 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 443 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $229 million (f.o.b., 1970); coffee, bananas, sugar, beef, fertilizers, cacao Imports: $317 million (c.i.f., 1970 est.); manufactured products, machinery, transportation equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs Major trade partners: exports -- 41% U.S., 20% CACM, 8% West Germany, 5% Netherlands; imports -- 35% U.S., 22% CACM, 8% West Germany, 9% Japan (1970) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70), $116.7 million loans, $91.5 million grants; from international organizations (FY46-69), $94.7 million; from other Western countries (1960-68), $1.8 million; military -- assistance from U.S. (FY60-70) $1.8 million Monetary conversion rate: 6.62 colones=US$l (official buying rate); 6.65 colones=US$l (official selling rate) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 407 mi.; 395 mi. 3'6" gage, 12 mi. 3'0" gage, all single track, 72 mi. electrified Highways: 11,700 mi.; 850 mi. paved, 3,200 mi. gravel, 7,650 mi. earth Inland waterways: about 455 mi. perennially navigable Pipelines: refined products, 75 mi. Ports: 3 major, 4 minor Civil air: 10 major transport aircraft Airfields: 197 total, 120 usable; 10 with permanent-surface runways; 9 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations Telecommunications: domestic telephone service greatly improved with new automatic exchanges; nearly 56,300 telephones; VHF radio system being installed; 330,000 radio and 100,000 television receivers in use, 45 AM, 9 FM, and 12 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on imports from U.S. Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $3.3 million for Ministry of Public Security, including the Civil Guard; about 2.3% of total central government budget 70 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 78 CUBA LAND: 44,200 sq. mi.; 35% cultivated, 30% meadow and pasture, 20% waste, urban, or other, 15% forested (1968) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 2,320 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 8,702,000, average annual growth rate 1.3% (current); males 15-49, 2,076,000; 1,155,000 fit for military service; about 77,000 males and 74,000 females reach military age (17) annually Ethnic divisions: 51% mulatto, 37% white, 11% Negro, 1% Chinese Religion: at least 85% nominally Roman Catholic before Castro assumed power Language: Spanish Literacy: about 96% Labor force: 2.6 million; 34% agriculture, 17% industry, 6% construction, 6% transportation, 29% services, 8% unemployed and underemployed Organized labor: 70% of total force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Cuba Type: Communist state Capital: Havana Political subdivisions: 6 provinces Legal system: based on Spanish and American law, with large elements of Communist legal theory; Fundamental Law of 1959 replaced constitution of 1940; legal education at Universities of Havana, Oriente, and Las Villas; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive; no legislature; controlled judiciary Government leader: Premier Fidel Castro Ruz Political parties and leaders: Cuban Communist Party (PCC), First Secretary Fidel Castro Ruz, Second Secretary Raul Castro Ruz Communists: approx. 120,000 party members Member of: CEMA (observer status), ECLA, FAO, GATT, IADB (nonparticipant), IAEA, ICAO, IHB, ILO, IMCO, International Rice Commission, International Sugar Council, International Wheat Agreement, ITU, OAS (nonparticipant), Permanent Court of Arbitration, Postal Union of the Americas and Spain, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $4.9 billion (est. 1970 at 1970 prices), $570 per capita; 60% private consumption, 20% public consumption, 20% gross investment; real growth rate 1970, 6% Agriculture: main crops -- sugar, tobacco, coffee, rice, potatoes, tubers, citrus fruits Fishing: catch 106,000 tons (1970); exports about $19 million (1970), imports $13 million (1970) Major industries: sugar milling, petroleum refining, food and tobacco processing, textiles, chemicals, paper and wood products, metals Shortages: spare parts for transportation and industrial machinery, consumer goods Crude steel: 0.35 million metric tons capacity (planned 1969); 165,000 metric tons produced (1970); 19 kg. per capita Electric power: 1.3 million kw. capacity (1970); 5.1 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 600 Exports: $970 million (f.o.b., 1970 est.); sugar, nickel, tobacco Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont d): Imports: $1,325 million (c.i.f., 1970 est.); petroleum, industrial raw materials, capital goods, food Major trade partners: exports -- U.S.S.R. 49%, China 7%, other Communist countries 15%, Japan 10%, Spain 3%; imports -- U.S.S.R. 54%, China 6%, other Communist countries 10%, France 5%, Italy 5% (1970 est.) Monetary conversion rate: 1 peso=US$l (nominal) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 9,150 mi. government owned; 3,150 mi. common carrier lines (8 mi. double track and 95 mi. electrified) and about 6,000 mi. plantation- industrial lines; common carrier lines comprise 3,100 mi. 4'8 1/2" standard gage, and about 50 mi. 3'0" and 2'6" narrow gage; plantation-industrial lines comprise about 4,000 mi. standard gage and 2,000 mi. narrow gage Highways: 11,600 mi.; 4,000 mi. (est.) paved, 2,500 mi. (est.) gravel or otherwise improved hard surfaces, 5,100 mi. (est.) improved or unimproved earth surface Inland waterways: 50 mi. Pipelines: natural gas, 47 mi. Ports: 8 major, 44 minor; Guantanamo under U.S. control Merchant marine: 51 ships (1,000 GRT and over) totaling 315,500 GRT, 428,300 DWT; includes 43 cargo, 6 tanker, 2 specialized carrier Airfields: 372 total, 211 usable; 36 with permanent-surface runways; 10 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 32 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 11 seaplane stations Telecommunications: modern facilities adequately serve military and most civil needs; excellent international facilities, planned satellite ground station; est. 270,000 telephones in use; 1.5 million radio and 260,000 TV receivers, 90 AM, 30 FM, and 19 TV stations with nationwide coverage; 6 submarine cables, including 1 coaxial DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1966, $213 million; about 7.8% of total budget Approved For Release 2004/08/31: CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 25C Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 CYPRUS LAND: 3,570 sq. mi.; 47% arable and land under permanent crops, 18% forested, 10% meadows and pasture, 25% waste, urban areas, and other (1968) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 400 mi. (approx.) Ethnic divisions: 78% Greek; 18% Turkish; 4% British, Armenian, and other Religion: 78% Greek Orthodox, 18% Muslim, 4% Armenian Orthodox and other Language: Greek, Turkish, English Literacy: about 82% of population 7 years or older Labor force: 254,000 (1967 est.), 38% agriculture, 23% industry, 9% commerce, 2% mining, 28% other; 3,130 registered unemployed (December 1968) Organized labor: 24% of labor force PEOPLE: Population: 653,000, average annual growth rate 1.7% (January 70-71); males 15-49, 156,000; 109,000 fit for military service, about 7,000 reach military age (18) annually GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Cyprus Type: republic since March 1961; separate de facto Greek/Cypriot, and Turkish/ Cypriot governments have evolved since outbreak of communal strife in 1963 Capital: Nicosia Political subdivisions: 6 administrative districts Legal system: based on common law, with civil law modifications; constitution came into force upon independence in 1960, but has often been in abeyance since then; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: currently a rump government consisting basically of Greek Cyriot parts of bodies provided for by constitution; headed by President of the Republic and comprised of Council of Ministers, House of Representatives, and Supreme Court Government leaders: President, Archbishop Makarios III (Greek); Vice President, Dr. Fazil Kucuk (Turk) Elections: held every 5 years; 1965 elections suspended; 1968 elections only for President and Vice President; 1970 parliamentary elections demonstrate notable increase in strength of Communist Party (AKEL) Political parties and leaders: Reform Party of the Working People (AKEL) (Communist Party), Ezekias Papaioannou; Unified Party (UP), Glafkos Clerides; Progressive Movement (PM) (pro-Makarios), Andreas Azinas; Democratic National Party (DEK), Takis Evdokas; United Democratic Union of the Center (EDEK), Vassos Lyssarides; Turkish National Union Party (TNUP), Rauf Denktash Voting strength: (1968 Presidential and Vice Presidential elections) Greek Cypriot President Makarios 90%; Turkish Cypriot Vice President Fazil Kucuk unopposed; (1970 parliamentary elections) 39% of Greek Cypriot vote for Reform Party of the Working People, 21% of the Greek Cypriot vote for the Progressive Movement, 9% of the Greek Cypriot vote for the Democratic National Party as well as 9% for the United Democratic Union of the Center, 4% of the Greek Cypriot vote for independents, 76% of the Greek Cypriot electorate voted; 80% of the Turkish Cypriot community voted and overwhelmingly elected 15 of Rauf Denktash's supporters to the Turk Cypriot House contingent in a separate election Communists: 12,000; sympathizers 60,000 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT~pRrRvg~: For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Other political or pressure groups: United Democratic Youth Organization (EDON) (Communist-controlled); Pan Cyprian Confederation of Labor (PEO) (Communist-controlled); Cyprus Confederation of Labor (SEK) (pro-U.S.); Cyprus Turkish Federation of Trade Unions (KTBIF) Member of: Commonwealth, Council of Europe, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, ILO, IMF, ITU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO ECONOMY: GNP: $504 million (1969), $800 per capita; 1969 growth 11%, 1958 constant prices Agriculture: main crops -- vine products, citrus, potatoes, other vegetables; food shortages -- grain, dairy products, meat, fish;'caloric intake, 2,590 calories per day per capita (1961) Major industries: mining (cupreous and iron pyrites, asbestos), manufactures principally for local consumption -- food, beverages, footwear Shortages: water, petroleum Electric power: 190,000 kw. capacity (1970); 553 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 850 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $108.5 million (f.o.b., 1970); principal items -- copper, pyrites, citrus, raisins, and other agricultural products Imports: $239 million (c.i.f., 1970); principal items -- manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, petroleum products, foods Major trade partners: (1969) U.K. 34%, West Germany 10%, Italy 9%, EC 29.4%, Communist countries 8.3% Aid: economic -- U.S., $22.2 million authorized (1961-70), none authorized in 1970; IBRD, $34.2 million (1963-70); U.N. Technical Assistance, $1.5 million (1946-68); U.N. Special Fund, $8 million (1953-70); Poland, $1.3 million authorized (1962) Monetary conversion rate: 1 Cyprus pound=US$2.40 Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 5,050 mi.; 2,010 mi. bituminous surface treated; 3,040 mi. gravel, crushed stone, and earth Ports: 3 major, 6 minor Merchant marine: 289 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,636,700 GRT, 2,337,000 DWT; includes 9 passenger, 241 cargo, 13 tanker, 26 bulk; all but a few are owned and operated by Greek nationals Civil air: 8 major transport aircraft Airfields: 19 total, 11 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft.; 3 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: modest but expanding telecommunication system; 42,500 telephones; 150,000 radio receivers; 45,800 TV receivers; 2 TV, 11 AM, and 4 FM stations; tropospheric scatter to Europe DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $7.5 million about 9.7% of central government budget 74 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS proved For Release 2004/08/31 : C AOVDP779-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 49,400 sq. mi.; 42% arable, 14% other agricultural, 35% forested, 9% other (1968) Land boundaries: 2,205 mi. Labor force: 7.1 million; 18% agriculture, 37% industry, 11% services, 34% construction, communications and others PEOPLE: Population: 14,426,000, average annual growth rate 0.4% (current); males 15-49, 3,668,000; 2,822,000 fit for military service; about 128,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 64.5% Czechs, 29.6% Slovaks, 3.9% Magyars, 1% Germans, 1% Ukrainians, Jews, Poles Religion: 77% Roman Catholic, 20% Protestant, 2% Orthodox, 1% other Language: Czech, Slovak, Hungarian Literacy: almost complete GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Czechoslovak Socialist Republic Type: Communist state Capital: Prague Political subdivisions: 2 separate autonomous republics (Czech Socialist Republic and Slovak Socialist Republic); 7 regions (kraj) in Czech lands, three regions in Slovakia; national capitals of Prague and Bratislava have regional status Legal system: civil law system based on German codes, modified by Communist legal theory; revised constitution adopted 1960 under revision; no judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at Universita Komenskeho School of Law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches:?executive --- President, cabinet (appointed by President); legislative -- Federal Assembly (elected directly), Czech and Slovak National Councils (also elected directly) legislate on limited area of Czech and Slovak affairs; judiciary -- Supreme Court (elected by Federal Assembly); entire governmental structure dominated by Communist Party Government leader: President Ludvik Svoboda Suffrage: universal over age 18 Elections: governmental bodies every 5 years; President every 5 years (provisions suspended after Soviet invasion, August 1968); elections scheduled for November 1971 Dominant political party and leader: Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSC), Gustav Husak, General Secretary; Communist Party of Slovakia has status of "provincial KSC organization" Voting strength (1964 election): 99.4% Communist-sponsored single slate Communists: 1.2 million party members Other political groups: puppet parties -- Czechoslovak Socialist Party, Czechoslovak People's Party, Slovak Freedom Party, Slovak Revival Party Member of: CEMA, GATT, IAEA, ICAO, Seabeds Committee, U.N., Warsaw Pact ECONOMY: GNP: $30.9 billion in 1970 (at 1969 prices), $2,130 per capita; 1970 real growth rate 4.1% Agriculture: diversified agriculture; main crops -- wheat, rye, potatoes, sugar beets; net food importer -- meat, wheat, vegetable oils, fresh fruits and vegetables; caloric intake, 3,100 calories per day per capita (1967) Major industries: machinery, food processing, metallurgy, textiles, chemicals Shortages: ores, crude oil, grain Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Crude steel: 11.5 million metric tons produced (1970), 750 kg. per capita Electric power: 10,612,000 kw. capacity (1970); 44.8 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 3,020 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $3,792 million (f.o.b., 1970); 50% machinery, equipment; 28% fuels, raw materials; 5% foods, food products, and live animals; 17% consumer goods, excluding foods (1969) Imports: $3,695 million (f.o.b., 1970); 32% machinery, equipment; 44% fuels, raw materials; 15% foods, food products, and live animals; 9% consumer goods, excluding foods (1969) Major trade partners: $7,487 million (1970); 70% Communist countries, 30% other Monetary conversion rate: commercial 7.20 crowns=US$1, noncommercial 14.36 crowns=US$1, tourist rate 16.20 crowns=US$l Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 8,269 mi.; 8,089 mi. standard gage, 70 mi. broad gage, 110 mi. narrow gage; 1,743 mi. double track; 1,483 mi. electrified; government owned (1969) Highways: 45,500 mi.; 600 mi. concrete; 20,700 mi. bituminous; 2,400 mi. cobblestone, brick sett, stone block; 21,800 mi. crushed stone, gravel, improved earth (1971) Inland waterways: 517 mi . (1971) Pipelines: crude oil, 900 mi.; refined products, 535 mi.; natural gas, 1,450 mi. Freight carried: rail -- 256.3 million short tons, 40.3 billion short ton/mi. (1970); highway -- 715 million short tons, 6.2 billion short ton/mi. (1970); waterway -- 4.9 million short tons, 1.7 billion short ton/mi. (1970) Ports: no maritime ports; outlets are Gdynia, Gdansk, Stettin in Poland; Rijeka, Yugoslavia; Hamburg, West Germany; Rostock, East Germany; principal river ports are Prague, Melnik, Usti nad Labem, Decin, Komarno, Bratislava (1970) Merchant marine: 12 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 97,700 GRT, 138,800 DWT; includes 8 cargo, 4 bulk Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 5pproved For Release 2004/08/31 jAg iDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 44,700 sq. mi.; southern third of country is most fertile; arable land 80% (actually cultivated 11%), forests and game preserves 19%, non-arable 1% (1968) Land boundaries: 1,220 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 75 mi. tary service; about 29,000 males and 27,000 females reach military age (18) annually; both sexes liable for military service Ethnic divisions: 99% Africans (42 ethnic groups, most important being Fon, Adja, Yoruba, Bariba), 5,500 Europeans Religion: 12% Muslim, 8% Christian, 80% animist Language: French official; Fon and Yoruba most common vernaculars in south, at least 6 major tribal languages in north Literacy: about 20% Labor force: 85% of labor force engaged in agriculture; 15% civil service, artisans, and industry Organized labor: approximately 75% of wage earners, divided among two major and several minor unions PEOPLE: Population: 2,834,000, average annual growth rate 2.8% (FY65-68); males 15-49, 662,000; 320,000 fit for mili- GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Dahomey Type: republic Capital: Porto-Novo (official), Cotonou (de facto) Political subdivisions: 6 departments, 30 arrondissements Legal system: based on French civil law and customary law; presidential charter adopted 1970; judicial review by 4-chambered Supreme Court; legal education generally obtained in France; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive -- 3-man Presidential Council, but actual executive authority vested in rotating presiding officer who also serves as Premier; no legislature; independent judiciary Government leaders: Hubert Maga, Premier and presiding officer of Presidential Council that functions as chief of state; Justin Ahomadegbe, member of Presidential Council; Sourou-Migan Apithy member of Presidential Council Suffrage: universal for adults whenever elections or referendums are held Elections: current government has held no elections and none are scheduled Political parties: none Communists: some; probably some sympathizers Member of: EAMA, Entente, FAO, ICAO, ILO, ITU, OAU, OCAM, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $219 million (1970 est.) $80 per capita; real growth rate, less than 5% per annum Agriculture: major cash crop is oil palms; peanuts, cotton, coffee, sheanuts, tobacco also produced commercially; main food crops -- corn, cassava, yams, sorghum and millet; livestock, fish Fishing: catch 35,000 tons (1970); exports none, imports 4,000 tons Major industries: palm oil and palm kernel oil processing Electric power: 7,500 kw. capacity (1970); 34 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 12 kw.-hr. per capita Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (co PQY ved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Exports: about $46 million (f.o.b., 1970); palm products (41%); other agricultural products Imports: about $68 million (f.o.b., 1970); clothing and other consumer goods, cement, lumber, fuels, foodstuffs, machinery, and transport equipment Major trade partners: France, EC, franc zone; preferential tariffs to EC and franc zone countries Aid: economic (1970) -- France, $8 million; EC, $4.2 million; U.N., $2 million; West Germany, $1 million; Taiwan, $1 million; U.S., (FY1960-70) $12.5 million Monetary conversion rate: 1 Communaute Financiere Africaine franc=0.02 French francs; prior to 13 August 1971, 277 CFA francs=USSI Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 360 mi., all meter gage (3'3 3/8") Highways: 4,300 mi.; 470 mi. paved, 1,670 mi. otherwise improved earth, 2,160 mi . unimproved Inland waterways: 400 mi. navigable Ports: 1 major, 1 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 11 total, 10 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway; 3 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: telephone service concentrated in south; telegraph limited, but more extensive than telephone; 4,800 telephones; 54,000 radio receivers; 2 AM, no FM, and no TV stations; 3 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on France Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1970, $4,420,000; about 12.4% of total budget 78 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 7 Approved For Release 2004/08/316E ~DP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 16,600 sq. mi. (exclusive of Greenland and Faeroe Islands); 64% arable, 8% meadows and pastures, 11% forested, 17% other (1966) Land boundaries: 42 mi. Limits o WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 2,100 mi. military service; 38,000 reach military age (20) annually Ethnic divisions: homogeneous white population Religion: 96% Evangelical Lutheran, 3% other Protestant and Roman Catholic, 1% other Language: Danish; small German-speaking minority Literacy: 99% Labor force: 2.4 million; 14.5% agriculture, forestry, fishing, 29.4% mining and manufacturing, 8.1% construction, 15.0% commerce, 6.6% transportation and communications, 23.6% services, 0.2% other; 2.6% unemployed Organized labor: 65% of labor force PEOPLE: Population: 4,971,000, average annual growth rate 0.7% (FY66-70)? males 15-49, 1,187,000; 1,040,000 fit for GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Denmark Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: Copenhagen Political subdivisions: 14 counties, 277 communes, 88 towns Legal system: civil law system; constitution adopted 1953; judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at Universities of Copenhagen and Arhus; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: legislative authority rests jointly with Crown and parliament (Folketing); executive power vested in Crown but exercised by cabinet responsible to parliament; Supreme Court, 2 superior courts, 106 lower courts Government leader: King Frederick IX; Prime Minister Jens Otto Krag Suffrage: universal, but not compulsory, over age 21 Elections: held every 4 years (next in 1975) Political parties and leaders: Social Democratic, Jens Otto Krag; Moderate Liberal, Poul Hartling; Conservative, Knud Thestrup; Radical Liberal, Soren Bjerregaard; Socialist Peoples, Sigurd Omann; Communist, Knud Jespersen; Left Socialist, Erik Sigsgaard Voting strength (1971 election): 37.4% Social Democratic, 15.7% Moderate Liberal, 16.7% Conservative, 14.3% Radical Liberal,, 9.1% Socialist Peoples, 1.4% Communist, 5.3% other Communists: 5,000; a number of sympathizers, as indicated by 39,344 Communist votes cast in 1971 elections Member of: Council of Europe, EFTA, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, NATO, Nordic Council, OECD, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $16.9 billion (1969), $3,420 per capita; 57.0% consumption, 28.2% invest- ment, 17.3% government, -2.5% net foreign balance; 1970 growth 10.9%, 1968 current prices Agriculture: highly intensive, specializes in dairying and animal husbandry; main crops -- cereals, root crops; food shortages -- oil, seeds; caloric intake, 3,180 calories per day per capita (1968-69) Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (Apprryred For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Fishing: catch 1,259,314 metric tons (1969), $100 million; exports $14.3 million, imports $22 million Major industries: food and food processing, textiles, clothing, footwear, en- gineering and electrical equipment, transportation equipment, chemicals Shortages: fuels, basic metals, fertilizers, grains Crude steel: 549,800 metric tons produced (1970), 110 kg. per capita Electric power: 4,370,000 kw. capacity (1970); 18,620 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 2,500 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $3,300 million (f.o.b., 1970); principal items -- meat, dairy products, fish, machinery and transport equipment, chemicals Imports: $4,510 million (c.i.f., 1970); principal items -- machinery and trans- port equipment, petroleum and coal, textile fibers and yarns, iron and steel products, chemicals, food, and live animals Major trade partners: U.K. 16%, West Germany 16.9%, Sweden 15.8%, U.S. 8.2%, Norway 5.5%; EC 28.3%; EFTA 45.05%; Communist countries 3.6% Aid: economic -- (received) U.S., $301.8 million authorized 1946-70, none since 1958; IBRD -- $85.0 million through June 1970, none since 1964; net official economic aid given to less developed areas and multilateral agencies, $241.4 million (1960-70), $54.3 million (1969), $59.1 million (1970) Monetary conversion rate: 7.5 Kroner=US$1 Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,399 mi. Danish State Railways (DSB) 1,472 mi. standard gage (4'8 1/2"), 52 mi. electrified and 438 mi. double tracked; and 25 route miles of meter gage (3'3 3/8"), remaining 902 mi. of standard gage lines are privately owned and operated Highways: 38,275 mi.; 31,205 mi. concrete, bitumen, or stone block; 5,640 mi. gravel and crushed stone; 1,430 mi. improved earth Inland waterways: 259 mi. Pipelines: refined products, 202 mi. Ports: 16 major, 42 minor Merchant marine: 240 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,074,500 GRT, 4,885,100 DWT; includes 11 passenger, 189 cargo, 42 tanker, 18 bulk, 30 specialized carrier Civil air: 58 major transport aircraft (including 2 based in Greenland) Airfields: 120 total, 107 usable; 16 with permanent-surface runways; 8 with run- ways 8,000-11,999 ft., 4 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: excellent telephone, telegraph, and broadcast services; major relay point for international telecom traffic; 1,600,000 telephones; 1,517,133 radiobroadcast receivers; 1,340,563 TV receivers; 7 AM, 10 FM, and 20 TV stations; 20 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 March 1972, $398 million; about 7.2% of central government budget 80 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 81A DOMINICA LAND: 305 sq. mi.; 24% arable, 2% pasture, 67% forests, 7% other (1966) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 92 mi. Labor force: est. at 23,000 in 1960; about 50% in agriculture Organized labor: 25% of the labor force PEOPLE: Population: 72,000, average annual growth rate 1.6% (April 60-70) Ethnic divisions: mostly of African Negro descent Religion: Roman Catholic, Church of England, Methodist Language: English; French patois Literacy: about 80% GOVERNMENT: Legal name: State of Dominica Type: dependent territory with full internal autonomy as a British "Associated State" Capital : Roseau Political subdivisions: 10 parishes Legal system: based on English common law; three local magistrate courts and the British Caribbean Court of Appeals Government leaders: Premier Edward 0. LeBlanc; U.K. Governor Louis Cools-Lartigue Suffrage: universal adult suffrage (age 18 effective June 1971) Elections: every 5 years; most recent October 1970 (by-election held December 1970) Political parties and leaders: Dominica Labor Party (DLP), Edward 0. LeBlanc; Dominica Freedom Party (DFP), Miss M. Eugenia Charles Voting strength: Legislative Council seats -- DFP 2 seats, DLP 8 seats, indepen- dent 1 seat Communists: negligible Member of: CARIFTA ECONOMY: GDP: $15.8 million (1968 est.), $230 per capita; economy is virtually stagnant in real terms Agricultural products: bananas, citrus, coconuts, cocoa Major industries: agricultural processing, tourism Electric power: 3,000 kw. capacity (1969 est.); 9 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 120 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $6.2 million (f.o.b., 1970); bananas, lime juice and oil, cocoa and reexports Imports: $15.9 million (c.i.f., 1970); foodstuffs, manufactured articles Major trade partners: U.K. 53%, Commonwealth Caribbean countries 15%, Canada 10%, U.S. 7% (1963) Monetary conversion rate: 1.93 East Caribbean dollars=US$1 (6 October 1971) COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 460 mi.; 175 mi. paved, 190 mi. gravel, crushed stone, or stabilized earth surface, 95 mi. unimproved Ports: 5 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 1 with asphalt runway 4,830 ft. Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIORPrpcoec F9r Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Telecommunications: over 1,000-line fully automatic telephone system; VHF interisland links to St. Lucia and Antigua; no data on radio or TV receivers; 1 AM station 82 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ~ Approved For Release 2004/08/3 I ? C LI F NIS 80 DOMI ~79C-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 18,800 sq. mi.; 14% cultivated, 4% fallow, 17% meadows and pastures, 45% forested, 20% built-on or waste (1967) Land boundaries: 224 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 6 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi. Coastline: 800 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 4,259,000, average annual growth rate 3.0% (August 60-January 70); males 15-49, 981,000; 620,000 fit for military service; 48,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 73% mulatto, 16% white, 11% Negro Religion: 95% Roman Catholic Language: Spanish Literacy: 35% to 40% of adult population Labor force: 1.3 million; 73% agriculture, 8% industry, 19% services and other Organized labor: 12% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Dominican Republic Type: republic Capital: Santo Domingo Political subdivisions: 26 provinces and the National District Legal system: based on French civil codes; 1966 constitution Branches: President popularly elected for a 4-year term; bicameral legislature consisting of Senate (27 seats) and Chamber of Deputies (74 seats) elected for 4-year terms; members of Supreme Court elected by Senate Government leader: President Joaquin Balaguer Suffrage: universal and compulsory, over age 18 or married Elections: national, May 1974 Political parties and leaders: Reformist Party (PR), Joaquin Balaguer; Dominican Revolutionary Party (PRD), Juan Bosch Gavino; Democratic Quisqueyan Party (PQD), Elias Wessin y Wessin; Revolutionary Social Christian Party (PRSC), Alfonso Moreno Martinez; Movement for National Conciliation (MNC), Jaime Manuel Fernandez Gonzalez; Anti-reelection Movement of Democratic Integration (MIDA) Francisco Augusto Lora; Fourteenth of June Revolutionary Movement (MR-1J4), split into several factions, illegal; Dominican Communist Party (PCD), central committee, illegal; Dominican Popular Movement (MPD), Rafael Taveras Rosario, illegal; Communist Party of the Dominican Republic (PCRD), Luis Montas Gonzalez, illegal; Popular Socialist Party (PSP), illegal Voting strength (1970 election): 57% PR, (abstained) PRD, 5% PRSC, 14% PQD, 3% MCN, 21% MIDA Member of: IADB, IAEA, ICAO, IHB, OAS, U.N. ECONOMY : GNP: $1.5 billion (purchasing power parity estimate, 1970), $350 per capita; real growth rate 1970, 6.5% Agriculture: main crops -- sugarcane, coffee, cocoa, tobacco, rice, corn; self- sufficient in rice; caloric intake, 2,200 calories per day per capita (1966) Major industries: sugar processing, bauxite mining, peanut processing, textiles, cement Electric power: 254,000 kw. capacity (1970 est.); 710 million kw.-hr. produced (1970 est.), 175 kw.-hr. per capita Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Ap roved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Exports: $213.5 million (f.o.b., 1970); sugar, coffee, cocoa, tobacco, bauxite Imports: $306 million (c.i.f., 1970); foodstuffs, petroleum, industrial raw materials, capital equipment Major trade partners: exports -- U.S. 89%, Europe 8%; imports -- U.S. 56%, Europe 25% (1968) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70), $198.8 million in grants, $257.4 million in loans; from international organizations (FY46-69), $82.2 million; military -- assistance from U.S. (FY53-70), $26.9 million Monetary conversion rate: 1 peso=US$l (31 August 1971) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1,000 route mi. of which 65 mi. government-owned common carrier (3'6" gage) and 935 mi. privately owned plantation network (approximately 4 different gages ranging from 1'10 1/2" to 4'8 1/2", with 2'6" predominating) Highways: 6,000 mi.; 3,000 mi. paved,.800 mi. gravel, 1,400 mi. improved earth, 800 mi. unimproved earth Pipelines: product lines (1.5 mi. and 43 mi.) under construction, to be completed in 1971 Ports: 5 major, 17 minor Merchant marine: 2 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,100 GRT, 3,800 DWT Civil air: 15 major transport aircraft Airfields: 47 total, 25 usable; 7 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 8 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: relatively efficient domestic system based on islandwide radio relay network; automatic telex exchange inaugurated in 1971 provides international connections via New York; 40,200 telephones; 400,400 radio and 1,250,000 TV viewers, 92 AM, 24 FM, and 6 TV stations; 2 submarine cables, 1 of which is coaxial DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent upon U.S. and Western Europe Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $32.3 million; about 12.3% of central government budget Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 87 ECUADOR LAND: 106,000 sq. mi. (including Galapagos Islands); 11% cultivated, 8% meadows and pastures, 55% forested, 26% waste, urban, or other (1961) Land boundaries: 1,200 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 200 n. mi. Coastline: 750 mi. (includes Galapagos Is.) PEOPLE: Population: 6,412,000 (excluding nomadic Indian tribes), average annual rate of growth 3.4% (FY69); males 15-49 1,494,000; 955,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (20) annually 63,000 Ethnic divisions: 41% mestizo, 39% Indian, 10% white, 5% Negro, 5% Oriental and other Religion: 95% Roman Catholic (majority nonpracticing), trace of Evangelical Language: Spanish, Quechua Literacy: 57% Labor force: 2 million, of which 55% agriculture, 16% manufacturing, 4% construction, 7% trade, 9% services, 9% other; shortage of skilled labor Organized labor: 12% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Ecuador Type: republic Capital: Quito Political subdivisions: 19 provinces and 1 territory (Galapagos Islands) Legal system: based on civil law system; modified 1946 Constitution replaced 1967 Constitution in June 1970, legal education at 4 state and 2 private universities; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: President and bicameral legislature elected in June 1968, under 1967 constitution; legislature closed following assumption of dictatorial power by Velasco on 23 June 1970; judiciary Government leader: President Jose Maria Velasco Suffrage: all literate over age 18; compulsory Elections: next presidential and congressional, June 1972 Political parties and leaders: National Velasquista Front, Jose Maria Velasco; Radical Liberal Party, Ignacio Hidalgo Villavicencio; Social Christian Party, Camilo Ponce; Conservative Party, Galo Pico Mantilla; Concentration of Popular Forces, Assad Bucaram; National Revolutionary Party, Carlos Julio Arosemena Voting strength: in June 1968 national elections, Velasquistas, a center-left coalition, and a rightist coalition each got approximately one-third Member of: ECOSOC, IADB, IAEA, ICAO, LAFTA and Andean Sub-Regional Group (formed in May 1969 within LAFTA), OAS, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N. ECONOMY: GNP: $2.8 billion (purchasing power parity estimate, 1970), $460 per capita; 72% private consumption, 14% public consumption, 14% gross investment (1970 est.); real growth rate 1970 est., 9% Agriculture: main crops -- sugarcane, beans, coffee, cotton, corn, bananas, cocoa, rice; nearly self-sufficient; caloric intake, 2,100 calories per day per capita (1964) Fishing: catch 91,500 tons (1970), $12.1 million (1970); exports $10.2 million (1970), imports negligible Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Major industries: food processing, textiles, cement, leather and rubber products, drugs, fishing, petroleum Electric power: 226,275 kw. capacity (1970 est.); 1.1 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 183 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $237 million (f.o.b., 1970); bananas, coffee, cocoa Imports: $275 million (f.o.b., 1970 est.); agricultural and industrial machinery, petroleum products, chemical products, transportation and communication equipment Major trade partners: U.S. 37%, EC 22%, Japan 14% (1970) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70), $192.0 million loans, $95.2 million grants; from international organizations (FY46-70), $152.4 million; from Communist countries (1954-70), $10 million loans; military -- assistance from U.S. (FY49-70), $53.6 million Monetary conversion rate: 25.25 sucres=US$l (selling rate) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 710 mi.; 615 mi. 3'6" gage, 95 mi. 2'5 1/2" gage; all single track Highways: 12,800 mi.; 1,800 mi. paved, 4,000 mi. gravel, 3,800 mi. improved earth, 3,200 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 960 mi. Pipelines: crude oil, 27 mi.; refined products, 50 mi. Ports: 2 major, 11 minor Merchant marine: 8 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 40,100 GRT, 48,600 DWT; includes 6 cargo, 2 tanker Civil air: 14 major transport aircraft Airfields: 187 total, 161 usable; 14 with permanent-surface runways; 6 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 16 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 3 seaplane stations Telecommunications: radio relay system, facilities adequate only in Quito and Guayaquil; 95,000 telephones; 650,000 radio and 70,000 TV receivers, 200 AM, 15 FM, and 11 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent primarily on U.S.; some major purchases from Western Europe Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $22.9 million; about 11.3% of central government budget Approved For Release 2004/01131 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 53Approved For Release 2004/08/31 tCq RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 386,000 sq. mi. (including 22,200 sq. mi. occupied by Israel); 2.8% cultivated (of which about 70% multiple cropped); 96.5% desert, waste, or urban; 0.7% inland water Land boundaries: 1,635 mi. (1967), excludes occupied area 1,534 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 2,140 mi. (1967), excludes occupied area 1,340 mi PEOPLE: Population: 34,614,000, average annual growth rate 2.5% (FY70); males 15-49, 7,913,000; 4,995,000 fit for military service; about 352,000 reach military age (20) annually Ethnic divisions: 90% Eastern Hamitic stock; 10% Greek, Italian, Syro-Lebanese Religion: 94% Muslim, 6% Copt and other Language: Arabic official, English and French widely understood by educated classes Literacy: around 40% Labor force: 12.3 million; 60% agriculture, 10% industry, 10% trade, 20% services and other; serious shortage of skilled labor Organized labor: 8% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Arab Republic of Egypt Type: republic; under presidential rule since June 1956 Capital: Cairo Political subdivisions: 25 governorates Legal system: based on English common law, Islamic law, and Napoleonic codes; interim constitution of 1964; judicial review of limited nature in Supreme Court, also in Council of State which oversees validity of administrative decisions; legal education at Cairo University; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: executive power vested in President, who appoints cabinet; National Assembly has little actual power (serves mainly for discussion and automa- tic approval); independent judiciary administered by Minister of Justice Government leader: Anwar Sadat Suffrage: universal over age 18 Elections: elections to People's Assembly every 5 years (most recent October 1971); presidential elections every 6 years Political parties and leaders: political parties banned; all candidates for election must be members of Arab Socialist Union, the only officially sanctioned sociopolitical grouping Member of: AAPSO, Arab League, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, OAU, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO, WPC ECONOMY: Agriculture: main cash crop -- cotton; other crops -- rice, onions, beans, wheat, corn, barley; not self-sufficient in food, but agriculture a net earner of foreign exchange Major industries: textiles, food processing, chemicals, petroleum, construction, cement Electric power: 4,350,000 kw. capacity (1971); 10,000 million kw.-hr. produced (1971), 265 kw.-hr. per capita Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (co Ppcrpy,d For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Aid: economic -- Communist countries, $1,681 million in credits through December 1970; U.S., $912.2 million in credits and grants through June 1967 (diplomatic relations and aid terminated June 1967); sizable credits from international agencies, West Germany, Italy, Kuwait; large grant from Libya since 1969; $250 million annual subsidy from Arab states while canal is closed; military -- Communist countries, about $2,700 million through December 1970 Monetary conversion rate: 1 Egyptian pound=US$2.30 (selling rate); 0.435 Egyptian pound=US$1 (selling rate) Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,976 mi.; 570 mi. double track; 15 mi. electrified; 2,594 mi. 4'8 1/2" gage, 156 mi. 3'3 3/8" gage, 226 mi. 2'5 1/2" gage Highways: 29,000 mi.; 5,190 mi. paved, 7,130 mi. gravel, crushed stone, and improved earth, 16,680 mi. unimproved earth, additional 1,500 mi. (mostly paved) in territory (Sinai) occupied by Israel Inland waterways: 2,100 mi.; Suez Canal, 100 mi. long, temporarily closed to navigation because of sunken vessels; normally used by ocean-going vessels drawing up to 38 ft. of water; Alexandria-Cairo waterway navigable by barges of 500-ton capacity; Nile and large canals by barges of 420-ton capacity; Ismailia Canal by barges of 200- to 300-ton capacity; secondary canals by sailing craft of 10- to 70-ton capacity Freight carried: Suez Canal (1966) -- 242 million tons of which 175.6 million tons were POL Pipelines: crude oil, 226 nii.; refined products, 294 mi.; natural gas, 31 mi. Ports: 5 major, 12 minor Merchant marine: 40 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 185,700 GRT, 238,300 DWT; includes 5 passenger, 27 cargo, 9 tanker Civil air: 17 major transport aircraft Airfields: 147 total, 78 usable; 62 with permanent-surface runways; 42 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 23 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations Telecommunications: second best system of coaxial and multiconductor cables, open-wire lines, and radio communication stations in Africa; principal centers Alexandria and Cairo, secondary centers Al Mansinah, Ismailia, and Tanta; 365,000 telephones; 4.4 million radio and 560,000 TV receivers; 12 AM, 1 FM, and 26 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June 1972, $1.5 billion; 25.1% of total budget 88 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 74 EL SALVADOR LAND: 8,260 sq. mi.; 32% cropland (9% corn, 5% cotton, 7% coffee, 11% other), 26% meadows and pastures, 31% nonagricultural, 11% forested (1965) Land boundaries: 320 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 200 n. mi. Coastline: 190 mi. Ethnic divisions: 84%-88% mestizo; Indian and white minorities, 6%-8% each Religion: predominantly Roman Catholic, probably 97%-98% Language: Spanish Literacy: 50% of population 10 years of age and over (1966 est.) Labor force: 1,048,000 (est. January 1970); 57% agriculture, 14% services, 14% manufacturing, 6% commerce, 9% other; shortage of skilled labor, but manpower training programs improving large pool of unskilled labor Organized labor: 4.5% of total labor force; 8% of nonagricultural labor force PEOPLE: Population: 3,741,000, average annual growth rate 3.4% (FY67-70); males 15-49, 863,000; 530,000 fit for mili- tary service; 36,000 reach military age (18) annually GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of El Salvador Type: republic Capital: San Salvador Political subdivisions: 14 departments Legal system: based on Spanish law, with traces of common law; constitution adopted 1962; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; legal education at University of El Salvador; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: traditionally dominant executive, unicameral legislature, Supreme Court Government leader: President Fidel Sanchez Hernandez Suffrage: universal over age 18 Elections: legislative elections every 2 years; presidential elections every 5 years; presidential elections February 1972, legislative and municipal elections March 1972 Political parties and leaders: National Conciliation Party (PCN), President Fidel Sanchez Hernandez, Dr. Enrique Mayorga Rivas, Rafael Rodriguez Gonzalez, Col. Arturo Armando Molina; Christian Democratic Party (PDC), Dr. Pablo Mauricio Alberque, Roberto Lara Velado; Dr. Abraham Rodriguez, Jose Napoleon Duarte; Revolutionary Party (PR -- formerly Renovating Action Party), not legally recognized, Shafick Handal, Dr. Fabio Castillo Figueroa, Julio Ernesto Contreras; Salvadoran Popular Party (PPS), Benjamin Wilfredo Navarrete, Dr. Rafael Antonio Carbello, Dr. Jose Antonio Guzman; Communist Party of El Salvador (PCES), illegal, Jorge Shafick Handal; National Revolutionary Movement (MNR), Dr. Guillermo Manuel Ungo; National Democratic Union Party (PUDN), Francisco Roberto Lima, Julio Ernesto Contreras, Julio Castro Belloso Voting strength: March 1967 presidential election -- PCN 54.4%, PDC 21.6%, PAR 14.4%, PPS 9.6%; March 1970 legislative election -- PCN 60%, PDC 27%, PPS 5%, MNR 2%, PUDN 6% Other political or pressure groups: the "14" prominent families; General Confederation of Trade Unions (CGS); Unifying Federation of Salvadoran Trade Unions (FUSS), Communist dominated; Federation of Construction and Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT (cont'd): Other political or pressure groups (cont'd): Transport Workers Unions (FESINCONSTRANS), independent; Catholic Church; the military; Salvadoran National Association of Educators (ANDES) Member of: Central American Common Market, IADB, IAEA, OAS, ODECA, Seabeds Committee, U.N. ECONOMY: GNP: $1.49 billion (purchasing power parity estimate, 1970), $420 per capita; 80% private consumption, 9% government consumption, 11% domestic investment (1970 est.); real growth rate 1970 est., 5.5% Agriculture: main crops -- coffee, cotton, corn, sugar, rice, beans; caloric intake, 2,000 calories per day per capita (1963-64) Fishing: catch 16,100 tons; exports $4.2 million (1969), imports $0.2 million (1969) Major industries: food processing, textiles, clothing, petroleum products Electric power: 166,600 kw. capacity (1969 est.); 680 million kw.-hr. produced (1970 est.), 190 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $229 million (f.o.b., 1970); coffee, cotton, sugar, chemicals, other manufactures Imports: $214 million (c.i.f., 1970); machinery, automotive vehicles, petroleum, foodstuffs Major trade partners: exports -- U.S. 19%, CACM 30%,. West Germany 27%, Japan 12%; imports -- U.S. 29%, CACM 29%, West Germany 8%, Japan 10% (1970) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70), $86.5 million loans, $55.1 million grants; from international organizations (FY46-70), $99.0 million; from other Western countries (1960-68) $3.7 million; military -- assistance from U.S. (FY46-70), $6.6 million Monetary conversion rate: 2.5 colones=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 375 mi., 3'0" gage; 285 mi. privately owned, 90 mi. government owned Highways: 5,400 mi.; 750 mi. bituminous, 950 mi. gravel or crushed stone, 3,700 mi. earth Inland waterways: Lempa River partially navigable Ports: 3 major, 1 minor Merchant marine: 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,580 GRT, 1,800 DWT Civil air: 10 major transport aircraft Airfields: 141 total, 111 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: nationwide trunk radio relay system completed; extensive local telephone exchange improvements completed; 35,500' telephones; 460,000 radio and 92,000 TV receivers, 58 AM, 6 FM, and 2 TV stations (3 additional TV stations planned) DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $7.2 million; about 6% of central government budget (excludes public security forces) Approved For Release 2004/08M q CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 52F EQUATORIAL GUINEA LAND: 10,800 sq. mi.; Rio Muni, about 10,000 sq. mi., largely forested; Fernando Po, about 800 sq. mi. Land boundaries: 335 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 6 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi. Coastline: 184 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 296,000, average annual growth rate 1.8% (FY69); Ot1A1~bNt4L . GUINEA 2.6% (FY69); males 15-49, 73,000; 35,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: indigenous population of Fernando Po primarily Bubi, some Fernandinos; of Rio Muni primarily Fang; some 10,000-20,000 Nigerians, mostly on Fernando Po; less than 1,000 Europeans, primarily Spanish Religion: natives all nominally Christian and predominantly Roman Catholic; some pagan practices retained Language: Spanish official language of government and business; also pidgin English, Fang Literacy: approximately 90% among younger generation Labor force: most Equatorial Guineans involved in subsistence agriculture; small wage labor force dominated by Nigerian contract laborers Rio Muni, 214,000, average annual growth rate 1.5% (FY69); Fernando Po, 85,000, average annual growth rate GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Equatorial Guinea Type: republic, one-party presidential regime since 1968 Capital: Santa Isabel, Fernando Po Political subdivisions: 2 provinces (Fernando Po and Rio Muni) Branches: elected President has strong executive power; elected Assembly of the Republic; elected Provincial Councils with broad responsibilities for administrative and social affairs; Council of Republic (3 members elected. by each Provincial Council) has powers of judicial review, mediates disputes between executive and legislative branches and between national provincial governments; judiciary includes Supreme Court Government leader: President Francisco Macias Nguema Suffrage: universal age 21 and over Elections: national and provincial elections held September 1968 Political parties and leaders: in January 1970 government abolished the five political parties existing at time of independence and the Council of Ministers approved the creation of the National Unity Party (PUN) Communists: no significant Communist activity Member of: IBRD, IMF, OAU, U.N. ECONOMY: GDP: $40 million (1968 est.); Rio Muni nearly $100 per capita, Fernando Po about $250 per capita Agriculture: major cash crops -- Rio Muni, timber, coffee; Fernando Po, cocoa; main food crops -- rice, yams, cassava, bananas, oil palm nuts, manioc, and livestock Fishing: exports $86,000 (1970) Major industries: fishing, sawmilling Electric power: 2,800 kw. capacity (1970); 9 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), about 30 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $24.9 million (1970); cocoa, coffee, and wood Imports: $21.0 million (1970); foodstuffs, chemicals and chemical products, textiles Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Major trade partner: Spain Aid: Spain, $14.0 million (1969); Libya, $1 million (1971) Monetary conversion rate: 70 Guinean pesetas=US$1 (official) COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: Rio Muni -- 1,553 mi.; Fernando Po -- 186 mi. Inland waterways: Rio Muni has approximately 104 mi. of year-round navigable waterway, used mostly by pirogues Ports: 2 major, 3 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 5 total, 4 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 1 with runway 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: fairly adequate for the size and stage of development of the country; international communications by radio from Bata and Santa Isabel to Cameroon, Nigeria, and Spain; 1,500 telephones; 71,000 radio receivers; 2 AM, no FM, and 1 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for FY70, $3,475,000, 14.3% of total budget Approved For Release 2004/08/32: CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 55~A proved For Release 2004/08/31ETCCJ TP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 455,000 sq. mi.; 9.5% cropland and orchards, 54.6% meadows and natural pastures, 6.5% forests and woodlands, 29.4% wasteland, built-on areas, and other Land boundaries: 3,230 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 680 mi. (includes offshore islands) Ethnic divisions: Galla 40%, Amhara and Tigrai 32%, Sidamo 9%, Shankella 6%, Somali 6%, Afar 4%, Gurage 2%, other 1% Religion: 35%-40% Ethiopian Orthodox, 40%-45% Muslims, 15%-20% animist, 5% other Language: Amharic official; many local languages and dialects; English major foreign language taught in schools Literacy: about 5% Labor force: 90% agriculture and animal husbandry; 10% government, military, and quasi-government Organized labor: 60,000 registered labor union members PEOPLE: Population: 26,220,000, average annual growth rate 2.3% (FY69); males 15-49, 6,640,000; 3,425,000 fit for military service GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Empire of Ethiopia Type: constitutional monarchy, but in effect an absolute monarchy Capital: Addis Ababa Political subdivisions: 14 provinces (also referred to as governorates-general) Legal system: complex structure with civil, Islamic, common and customary law influences; constitution adopted 1955; no specific constitutional provision for review by courts but all legislation inconsistent with the constitution is declared null and void; legal education at Haile Selassie I University; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: Emperor is all-powerful, with advisory cabinet and Prime Minister; legislature composed of elected Chamber of Deputies and appointed Senate; judiciary at higher levels based on Western pattern, at lower levels on traditional pattern, without jury system in either Government leader: Emperor Haile Selassie I Suffrage: universal over age 21 Political parties and leaders: only amorphous reform groups especially among younger, better educated Ethiopians Member of: ECA, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMF, ITU, OAU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $1.794 billion (1970 in current prices), $70 per capita; 1970 average annual growth rate 5% Agriculture: main crops -- coffee, teff, durra, barley, wheat, corn, sugarcane, cotton, pulses, oilseeds, livestock; almost self-sufficient in food Fishing: catch 6,927 metric tons (1970), $1.4 million (1970); exports $348,000 (1970) Major industries: cement, sugar refining, cotton textiles, food processing, oil refinery Electric power: 206,000 kw. capacity (1970); 453 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 18 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $122 million (f.o.b., 1969); coffee 59.8%, hides and skins 8.2%, oilseeds 9%, cereals 5.7%; $2.0 million to Communist countries (1970) Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Imports: $172 million (c.i.f., 1970); machinery and transport equipment 34.3;%, fuels 7.6%, chemicals 11.6%, manufactured goods 34.3%; $10 million from Communist countries (1970) Major trade partners: imports -- Italy, Japan, West Germany, and U.S.; exports -- U.S., West Germany, Italy, Saudi Arabia, Japan Monetary conversion rate: 2.50 Ethiopian dollars=US$1 (official) Fiscal year: 8 July - 7 July COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 630 mi.; 420 mi. 3'3 3/8" gage, 20 mi. 3'6" gage, .90 mi. 3'1 3/8" gage; all single track Highways: 14,300 mi.; 1,125 mi. bituminous, 2,850 mi. crushed stone, gravel, or stabilized earth, 10,325 mi. earth Inland waterways: navigation possible on approx. 140 mi. of unconnected and basically unimproved waterways, of which only 71 mi. are navigable year round Ports: 2 major, 1 minor Merchant marine: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 40,200 GRT, 59,700 DWT; includes 3 cargo, 2 tanker, 1 bulk Civil air: 17 major transport aircraft Airfields: 195 total, 117 usable; 7 with permanent-surface runways; 5 with run- ways 8,000-11,999 ft., 53 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: system better than in most African countries; composed of open-wire lines, radiocommunication stations, and small number of multi- conductor cable and radio-relay links; principal center Addis Ababa, secondary center Asmara; 41,100 telephones; 160,000 radio receivers; 8,000 TV receivers; 5 AM, no FM, and 2 TV stations Approved For Release 2004/08/4 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 7 FAEROE ISLANDS LAND: 540 sq. mi.; less than 5% arable, of which only a fraction cultivated; archipelago consisting of 18 inhabited islands and a few uninhabited islets (1966) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi.; fishing, 12 n. mi. (from extended base lines) Coastline: 475 mi. FRANCE PEOPLE: Population: 38,000, average annual growth rate 0.7% (FY67- 70); males 15-49 included with Denmark Ethnic divisions: homogeneous white population Religion: Evangelical Lutheran Languages: Faeroese (derived from Old Norse), Danish Literacy: 99% Labor force: 15,000; largely engaged in fishing, manufacturing, transportation, and commerce GOVERNMENT: Legal name: The Faeroe Islands Type: self-governing province within the Kingdom of Denmark; 2 representatives in Danish parliament Capital: Torshavn on the island of Streymoy Political subdivisions: 7 districts, 49 communes, 1 town Legal system: based on Danish law; Home Rule Act enacted 1948 Branches: legislative authority rests jointly with Crown, acting through appointed Righ Commissioner, and provincial parliament (Lagting) in matters of strictly Faeroese concern; executive power vested in Crown, acting through High Commissioner, but exercised by provincial cabinet responsible to provincial parliament Government leaders: King Frederick IX; Prime Minister, Atli Dam Suffrage: universal, but not compulsory, over age 21 Elections: held every 4 years; next election 1974 Political parties and leaders: Peoples, Hakun Djurhuus; Republican, Erlendur Patursson; Home Rule, Samuel Petersen; Progressive, Kjartan Mohr; Social Democratic, Atli Dam; Union, Kristian Djurhuus Voting strength (1970 election): Peoples 20.0%, Republican 20.0%, Home Rule 5.6%, Progressive 3.5%, Social Democratic 27.2%, Union 21.7% Member of: Nordic Council ECONOMY: GDP: $57.1 million (1969), about $1,460 per capita Agriculture: sheep and cattle gazing Fishing: catch 173,780 tons (1969); exports $23.6 million Major industry: fishing Electric power: 27,500 kw. capaity (1970); 59 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,590 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $24.3 million (f.o.b., 1969); fish and fish products Imports: $31.3 million (c.i.,f., 1969); machinery and transport equipment, pet- roleum and petroleum products, food products Major trade partners: (1968) De mark 42%, U.K. 9.9%, Sweden 5.0%, U.S. 2.1%, Norway 11.2%; EC 10.2%; EFT 71.4%; Communist countries 1.4% Monetary conversion rate: 7.5 Danish kroner=US$l Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 Marchl Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUN I CAT Neroved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 Railroads: none Highways: none Ports: 1 minor Airfields: 1 with permanent-surface runway, less than 4,000 ft. Civil air: no major transport aircraft Telecommunications: good international radiocommunications; fair domestic wire facilities; 6,300 telephones, 11,000 radio receivers, 1 AM, and 3 FM stations; 1 submarine cable connection 96 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 64 pproved For Release FRLOKL/RM3ISLANDSgIALVINASgg1A000400010002-1 LAND: Colony -- 4,700 sq. mi.; area consists of some 200 small islands, chief of which are East Falkland (2,580 sq. mi.) and West Falkland (2,038 sq. mi.); dependencies -- consists of the South Sandwich Islands, South Georgia. and the Shag and Clerke Rocks (1966) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 800 mi. Labor force: 1,100 (est.); over 95% (est.) in agriculture, mostly sheepherding PEOPLE: Population: 2,000 (official est. for 1 July 1970) Ethnic divisions: almost totally British Religion: predominantly Church of England Language: English Literacy: compulsory education up to age 14 GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Colony of the Falkland Islands Type: British crown colony Capital : Stanley Political subdivisions: local government is confined to capital Legal system: English common law Branches: Governor, Executive Council, Legislative Council Government leader: Governor and Commander in Chief Sir Cosmo Haskard (also High Commissioner for British Antarctic Colony) Suffrage: universal ECONOMY: Government budget: Colony -- revenues, $1.0 million (FY68); expenditures, $1.1 million (FY68) Agriculture: Colony -- predominantly sheep farming; dependencies -- whaling and sealing Major industries: Colony -- wool processing; dependencies -- whale and seal processing Electric power: 1,327 kw. capacity (1970); 4 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 2,000 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: Colony -- $2.52 million (1966); wool (97%), hides and skins (2%), and other (1%); dependencies -- $3.8 million (1965); whale and seal oil (62%) and other whale products (38%) Imports: Colony $1.7 million (1966); food, clothing, fuels, and machinery; dependencies -- $.2 million (1965); mineral fuels and lubricants, food, and machinery Major trade partners: nearly all exports to the U.K., 77% of imports from the U.K.; dependencies -- exports to the Netherlands (63%) and Japan (37%), imports from Curacao, Japan, and the U.K. Monetary conversion rate: 1 Falkland Island pound=US$2.40 COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 512 mi.; 9 mi. paved, 23 mi. gravel, 480 mi. earth Ports: 1 major, 4 minor Civil ai-r: no major transport aircraft *The possession of the Falkland Islands has been disputed by the U.K. and Argentina (which refers to them as the Malvinas) since 1833. Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS (cont'd): Airfields: 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: government-operated open-wire and radiotelephone networks providing effective service to almost all points on both islands; approx- imately 500 telephones; 1 AM station and approximately 1,100 radiobroadcast receivers Approved For Release 2004/08/3 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 102 FIJI LAND: 7,055 sq. mi.; landownership -- 83.6% Fijians, 1.7% Indians, 6.4% government, 7.2% European, 1.1% other; about 30% of land area is suitable for farming WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing 3 n. mi.) Coastline: 700 mi. (est.) dgJj;fRr 1$1A $ y ~~rCC76S ROI IS A Ib& PEOPLE: Population: 539,000, average annual growth rate 2.8% (FY69); males 15-49, 139,000; 75,000 fit for military service; 6,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 42% Fijian, 50% Indian, 8% European, Chinese and others Religion: Fijians mainly Christian, Indians are Hindu with a Muslim minority Language: English and Fijian (official), Hindustani widely spoken among Indians Literacy: over 80% Labor force: 95,000; over 50% in agriculture, no breakdown on remainder Organized labor: about 50% of labor force organized into 22 unions; unions organized along lines of work, breakdown by ethnic origin causes further fragmentation GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Fiji Type: independent state since 1970 Capital: Suva Political subdivisions: 14 provinces Legal system: based on British Branches: executive -- Prime Minister; legislative -- existing colonial Legis- lative Council to continue as first House of Representatives, first elections probably in 1972, to elect a 52-member House of Representatives, there will also be a 22-member appointed Senate (interim solution of equal representa- tion for Fijians and Indians); problem of ethnic representation to be examined and settled before second elections Government leader: Prime Minister Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara Suffrage: universal adult Elections: every 5 years unless House dissolves earlier Political parties: Alliance, primarily Fijian, headed by Ratu Mara; National Federation, primarily Indian, headed by S. M. Koya Communists: few, no figures available Member of: Commonwealth, U.N. ECONOMY: GNP: $204 million (1970), $370 per capita; 5% (est.) average annual growth rate (1965-70) Agriculture: main crops -- sugar, coconut products, bananas, rice; major deficiency, grains Major industries: tourism, sugar processing Electric power: 15,700 kw. capacity (1969); 23.5 million kw.-hr. produced (1969), 43 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $59.2 million (f.o.b., 1969 excluding reexports); sugar, copra, copper Imports: $89.6 million (c.i.f., 1969) Major trade partners: U.K., Australia, U.S., Japan, New Zealand Aid: disbursed 1968 -- Australia $1.5 million, U.S. $600,000, U.K. $4.2 million Monetary conversion rate: 0.87 Fijian dollar=US$l Fiscal year: calendar year Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATION-proved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Railroads: none Highways: 1,555 mi.; 150 mi. paved, 1,325 mi. gravel or crushed stone, 80 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 126 mi.; 76 mi. navigable by motorized craft and 200-ton barges Ports: 6 major, numerous minor landings Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft (incl. 2 leased) Airfields: 16, 11 usable; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 1 with runway 4,000-7,999 ft., 2 seaplane stations Telecommunications: modern local, interisland, and international (wire/radio integrated) public and special-purpose telephone, telegraph, and teleprinter facilities; regional radio center; important COMPAC cable link between U.S./Canada and New Zealand/Australia, et al; 16,789 telephones; 50,000 radio receivers; 5 AM, no FM or TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: the defense of the Fiji Islands was the responsibility of the U.K. until 10 October 1970; the military budget for 1971 is $314,000 100 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 -NCA -RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 12 LAND: 130,000 sq. mi.; 8% arable, 65% forested, 27% other (1966) Land boundaries: 1,575 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 4 n. mi. (fishing, 4 n. mi.); Aland Islands, 3 n. mi. Coastline: 700 mi. (approx.) includes islands Ethnic divisions: homogeneous white population, small Lappish minority Religion: 93% Evangelical Lutheran, 1% Greek Orthodox, 1% other, 5% no affiliation Language: Finnish 92%, Swedish 7%; small Lapp- and Russian-speaking minorities Literacy: 99% Labor force: 2.3 million; 28.1% agriculture, forestry, and fishing, 24.2% mining and manufacturing, 9.0% construction, 13.7% commerce, 6.6% transportation and communications, 16.5% services; 1.9% unemployed Organized'labor: 60% of labor force PEOPLE: Population: 4,683,000, average annual growth rate 0.1% (FY69-70); males 15-49, 1,203,000; 900,000 fit for military service; 40,000 reach military age (17) annually GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Finland Type: republic Capital: Helsinki Political subdivisions: 12 provinces; 443 communes, 78 towns Legal system: civil law system based on Swedish law; constitution adopted 1919; Supreme Court may request legislation interpreting or modifying laws; legal education at Universities of Helsinki and Turku; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: legislative authority rests jointly with President and parliament (Eduskunta); executive power vested in President and exercised through cabinet responsible to parliament; Supreme Court, 4 superior courts, 193 lower courts Government leader: President Urho K. Kekkonen; Prime Minister Ahti Karjalainen Suffrage: universal, over age 20; not compulsory Elections: parliamentary, every 4 years (next in 1974); presidential, every 6 years (next in 1974) Political parties and leaders: Social Democratic, Rafael Paasio; Center, Johannes Virolainen; Peoples Democratic League (Communist front), Ele Alenius; Conservative, Harri Holker; Liberal, Pekka Tarjanne; Swedish Peoples, Jan-Magnus Jansson; Rural, Veikko Vennamo; Social Democratic League, Uuno Nokelainen; Communist, Aarne Saarinen Voting strength (1970 election): 23.4% Social Democratic, 17.1% Center, 16.6% Peoples Democratic League, 18.0% Conservative, 6.0% Liberal, 5.6% Swedish Peoples, 10.5% Rural, 1.4% Social Democratic League, 1.4% other Communists: 47,000; an additional 65,000 persons belong to Peoples Democratic League; a further number of sympathizers, as indicated by 421,000 votes cast for Peoples Democratic League in 1970 elections Member of: EFTA (associate), FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, Nordic Council, OECD, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GNP: $9 billion (1970), $1,910 per capita; 53.4% consumption, 29.7% investment, 17.5% government, -0.6% net exports of goods and services; 1970 growth rate 8.9%, current prices Agriculture: animal husbandry, especially dairying, predominates; forestry important secondary occupation for rural population; main crops -- cereals, sugar beets, potatoes; 85% self-sufficient; shortages -- food and fodder grains; caloric intake 2,890 calories per day per capita (1968-69) Major industries: include metal manufacturing and shipbuilding, forestry and wood processing (pulp, paper), copper refining Shortages: fossil fuels; industrial raw materials, except wood, and iron ore Crude steel: 1,168,837 metric tons produced (1970), 250 kilograms per capita Electric power: 4,800,000 kw. capacity (1970); 22,313 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 4,000 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2,306 million (f.o.b., 1970); timber, paper and pulp, ships, machinery, iron and steel, clothing and footwear Imports: $2,638 million (c.i.f., 1970); foodstuffs, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, transport equipment, iron and steel, machinery, textile yarn and fabrics Major trade partners (1969): 25.6% EC, 39.5% EFTA, 13.1% West Germany, 15.8% U.K., 14.2% Sweden, 5.6% U.S., 13.3% U.S.S.R., 17.2% Communist countries Aid: U.S. $158.3 million authorized 1946-70, none in 1968 or 1969, $7.6 million in 1970; IBRD -- $221.5 million authorized through 1946-68, $22 million in 1969, $13 million in 1971; Finnish foreign aid programs have amounted to $23 million 1961-69, $15,000 in 1970 Monetary conversion rate: new markka (Fmk) 4.20=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 3,720 mi.; Finnish State Railways (VR) operate a total 3,693 mi. broad gage (5'0"), 290 mi. double track, and 41 mi. electrified; 14 mi. narrow gage (2' 5 1/2") and 13 mi. broad gage are privately owned Highways: 44,200 mi., 11,600 mi. bituminous, 31,900 mi. stablized gravel, 700 mi. gravel and earth; 12,400 mi. of private roads (surface type na) Inland waterways: 4,100 mi. total (including Saimaa Canal); 2,300 mi. suitable for steamers; canal locks (275 ft. by 42 ft. with a 16.7 ft. depth over sill) can accommodate vessels of up to 225 ft. in length, 36 ft. beam, and 14.5 ft. draft Ports: 11 major, 14 minor Merchant marine: 215 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,350,700 GRT, 2,011,500 UWT; includes 9 passenger, 136 cargo, 45 tanker, 13 bulk, 12 specialized carrier Civil air: 33 major transport aircraft Airfields: 92 total, 73 usable; 28 with permanent-surface runways; 15 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 22 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: facilities provide essential services for government and industry; 1,090,000 telephones; 1,774,569 radiobroadcast receivers; 1,042,700 TV receivers; 11 AM, 39 FM, and 55 TV stations; 6 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $177.3 million; about 6.7% of central government budget 102 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS #pproved For Release 2004/08/31 : FO&RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 213,000 sq. mi.; 31% cultivated, 25% meadows and pastures, 19% waste, urban, or other, 25% forested (1968) Land boundaries: 1,795 mi. Ethnic divisions: 45% Celtic; remainder Latin, Germanic, Slav, Basque Religion: 83% Catholic, 2% Protestant, 1% Jewish, 1% Muslim (North African workers), 11% unaffiliated Language: French (100% of population); rapidly declining regional patois -- Provencal, Breton, Germanic, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish Literacy: 97% Labor force: 20,002,240; 15.4% agriculture, 39.5% industry, 44.9% services, 2% unemployed Organized labor: 17% of labor force, 23.4% of salaried labor force WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 2,130 mi. (includes Corsica, 400 mi.) PEOPLE: Population: 51,443,000, average annual growth rate 0.8% (FY66-70); males 15-49, 12,454,000; fit for military service 10,035,000; 422,000 reach military age (18) annually GOVERNMENT: Legal name: French Republic Type: republic, with president having wide powers Capital : Paris Political subdivisions: 95 departments, 21 "regional action districts" Legal system: civil law system with indigenous concepts; new constitution adopted 1958, amended concerning election of President in 1962; judicial review of administrative but not legislative acts; legal education at over 25 schools of law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: presidentially appointed Prime Minister heads Council of Ministers, which is formally responsible to National Assembly; bicameral legislature -- National Assembly (487 members), Senate (283 members) restricted to a delaying action; judiciary independent in principle Government leader: President Georges Pompidou Suffrage: universal over age 21; not compulsory Elections: National Assembly -- every 5 years, last election June 1968, direct universal suffrage, 2 ballots; Senate -- indirect collegiate system for 9 years, renewable by one-third every 3 years; President -- direct, universal suffrage every 7 years, 2 ballots, last election June 1969 Political parties and leaders: Union of Democrats for the Republic (UDR), Rene Tomasini; Independent Republicans, Valery Giscard d'Estaing; Communist (PCF), Waldeck Rochet, George Marchais (acting); Progress and Modern Democracy (PDM), Jacques Duhamel; Radical Socialists, Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber; Socialist Party, Francois Mitterrand; Unified Socialist Party (PSU), Michel Rocard Voting strength (.first ballot, 1968 election): 43.6% UDR, 20% PCF, 16.5% Federation of Democratic and Socialist Left (grouping of parties of left), 10.3% Center, 9.6% other Communists: 250,000-300,000 (est.); Communist voters, 5 million average Other political or pressure groups: Communist-controlled labor union (Confederation Generale du Travail) nearly 1,000,000 members (est.), National Council of French Employers (Conseil National de Patronat Francais -- CNPF or Patronat) Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT (cont'd). Member of: Council of Europe, EC, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IHB, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, NATO (signatory), OECD, Seabeds Committee, SEATO, South Pacific Commission, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WEU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $145.9 billion (1970), $2,870 per capita; 60% consumption, 28% investment (including government), 11% government consumption; 1% net exports; 1970 growth rate 5.9%, 1963 constant prices Agriculture: Western Europe's foremost producer; main crops -- cereals, sugar beets, potatoes, wine grapes; self-sufficient for most temperate zone food- stuffs; food shortages -- fats and oils, tropical produce; caloric intake, 3,180 calories per day per capita (1967 est.) Fishing: catch 746,300 metric tons, $227,449,000 (1969); exports $27,158,000 (1969), imports $165,963,000 (1969) Major industries: steel, machinery and equipment, textiles and clothing, chemicals, food processing, metallurgy Shortages: crude oil, textile fibers, most nonferrous ores, coking coal, fats and oils Crude steel: 23.8 million metric tons produced (1970), 469 kilograms per capita (1970) Electric power: 36,500,000 kw. capacity (1970); 140.7 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 2,600 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $17.9 billion (f.o.b., 1970); principal items -- textiles and clothing, iron and steel products, machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs and agricultural products, alcoholic beverages Imports: $19.1 billion (c.i.f., 1970); principal items -- machinery and equipment, crude petroleum, iron and steel products, textile fibers, coal and coke, foodstuffs, alcoholic beverages Major trade partners: (1970) EC 49%; West Germany 21%; Belgium-Luxembourg 11%; Italy 10%; Netherlands 6%; EFTA 13%; U.S. 8%; Eastern Europe 2%; U.S.S.R. 1%; franc zone 10% Aid: economic (received) -- U.S., $5,215.4 million authorized (FY46-68), none since FY67; military -- U.S., $4,259 million authorized (FY46-70); net official economic aid to less developed areas and multilateral agencies -- $7,431 million (FY60-70), $951.7 million (FY70) Monetary conversion rate: 5.55419 francs=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 24,679 mi.; 23,829 mi. standard gage, 740 mi. meter gage, 110 mi. other gages (4' 8 7/8" to meter); 5,970 mi. electrified, 9,892 mi. double or multiple track Highways: National, Departmental, and Communal roads total 487,600 mi. comprising 292,600 mi. paved, 190,000 mi. crushed stone and gravel, and 14,600 mi. improved earth; in addition, there are approximately 434,000 mi. of local farm and forest roads Inland waterways: 9,320 mi.; 4,820 mi. heavily traveled Pipelines: total, 10,000 mi.; crude oil, 1,400 mi.; refined products, 2,700 mi.; natural gas, 5,900 mi. Ports: 22 major, 165 minor Merchant marine: 442 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 6,591,400 GRT, 10,302,000 DWT; includes 13 passenger, 225 cargo, 109 tanker, 58 bulk, 37 specialized carrier Civil air: 277 major transport aircraft Airfields: 509 total, 419 usable; 155 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways over 12,000 ft., 20 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 128 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 10 seaplane stations 104 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS (cont'd): Telecommunications: highly developed system provides satisfactory telephone, telegraph, telex, facsimile, and radio and TV broadcast services; 9.5 million telephones; 16 million radiobroadcast receivers; 11 million TV receivers; countrywide AM, FM, and TV service including 38 AM, 55 FM, and 40 primary TV stations; 25 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $5.1 billion; about 17.2% of central government budget Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 95C pproved For Release 2004/"91 q t P79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 35,100 sq. mi.; 90% forested, 10% wasteland, built-on, inland water, and other of which .05% is cultivated and pasture (1970) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 235 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 55,000, average annual growth rate 5.0% (FY67-70); males 15-49, 13,000; 9,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: 95% Negro or mulatto, 5% caucasian or East Indian Religion: predominantly Roman Catholic Language: French Literacy: 73% Labor force: 17,012 (1967 census); services 49%, construction 21%, agriculture 18%, industry 8%, transportation 4%; information on unemployment unavailable Organized labor: 7% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Overseas Department of French Guiana Type: overseas department of France; represented by one deputy in French National Assembly and one senator in French Senate Capital: Cayenne Political subdivisions: 2 arrondissements, 19 communes each with a locally elected municipal council Legal system: French legal system; highest court is Court of Appeal based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Martinique, Guadeloupe, and French Guiana Branches: executive: prefect appointed by Paris; legislative: popularly elected 16-member General Council; judicial, under jurisdiction of French judicial system Government leader: Prefect, Jean Monfraix Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: General Council elections coincide with those for the French National Assembly, normally every 5 years; last election March 1970 Political parties and leaders: Parti Socialiste Guyanais (PSG), Leopold Heder, Senator; Union Progressiste Guyanaise (UPG), weak, leftist allied with, but also reported to have been absorbed by, the PSG; Union of Democrats for the Republic (UDR), Hector Rivierez, delegate to French National Assembly Communists: UPG includes Communist sympathizers, but has little measurable following; no organized Communist party ECONOMY: GNP: $32 million (1966), $840 per capita Agriculture: main crops -- rice, corn, manioc, cocoa, bananas, sugarcane Fishing: catch 800 metric tons (1968); exports $2.4 million (1968.), imports $2.2 million (1967) Major industries: timber, rum, gold mining, production of rosewood essence and space center Electric power: 18,300 kw. capacity (1970); 54.9 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,058 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $3.4 million (f.o.b. 1968); shrimp, timber, rum, rosewood essence Imports: $52.0 million (c.i.f., 1968); food (grains, processed meat), other consumer goods, producer goods and petroleum Major trade partners: exports -- U.S. 78%, France 11%, Martinique 5%; imports -- France 72%, U.S. 13% and Trinidad and Tobago 3% (1967) Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (col 'rived For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Monetary conversion rate: commercial rate, 5.5187 francs=US$l ; financial rate, 5.3333 francs=US$l (1 October 1971) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 20 mi. private plantation line, 1'11 5/8" gage; 8 mi. abandoned narrow-gage line Highways: 450 mi.; 250 mi. paved, 150 mi. improved earth, 50 mi. gravel Inland waterways: 290 mi.; navigable by small oceangoing vessels and river and coastal steamers; 2,110 mi. possibly navigable by native craft Ports: 1 major, 7 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 15 total, 13 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: very limited open-wire telecom system with more than 4,000 telephones; 25% connected to automatic exchanges; est. 7,000 radio receivers and nearly 2,000 TV receivers, 1 AM, 2 FM and 2 TV stations; 1 satellite tracking and control station 108 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 55C FRENCH TERRITORY OF THE AFARS AND ISSAS LAND: 9,000 sq. mi.; 89% desert wasteland, 10% permanent pasture, and less than 1% cultivated (1970) Land boundaries: 321 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 195 mi. (includes offshore islands) PEOPLE: Population: 125,000 (official estimate for 1 July 1967): males 15-49, about 30,0Q0; about 15,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: 59,350 Somalis (large number of the Somalis are temporary immigrants from Somalia -- not citizens of territory), 53,650 Afars, 6,000 Arabs, 7,000 French (inclusive of French military forces) Religion: 94% Muslim, 6% Christian Language: Somali, Afar, French, Arabic, all widely used Literacy: about 5% Labor force: a small number of semiskilled laborers at port Organized labor: some 3,000 railway workers organized GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Overseas Territory of Afars and Issas Type: overseas territory of France; represented by one deputy in French National Assembly and by one senator in French Senate Capital: Djibouti, Legal system: based on French civil law system and customary law Branches: President of Council of Government; 8-member Council of Government appointed by 32-member Chamber of Deputies; ultimate political authority exercised by Paris-appointed President of the Council of Government, some- times referred to as Prime Minister Government leader: Ali Aref Bourhan Suffrage: universal Elections: Chamber of Deputies election held November 1968 Political parties and leaders: Parti du Mouvement Populaire, Moussa Ahmed Idriss; Rassemblement Democratique Afar, Ali Aref Bourhan; Union Democratique Afar, Mohamed Kamil; Union Populaire Africaine, Hassan Guled ECONOMY: Agriculture: livestock; desert conditions limit commercial crops to about 15 acres Industry: ship repairs Electric power: 18,300 kw. capacity (1970); 18 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 222 kw.-hr. per capita Imports: almost all domestically needed goods Exports: hides and skins Aid: $2.4 million in 1967 from France Monetary conversion rate: 214 Djibouti francs=US$l (official) Fiscal year: probably same as that for France (calendar year) COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 60 mi. meter gage Highways: 620 mi.; 50 mi. paved, 570 mi. earth Ports: 1 major, 1 minor Airfields: 27 total, 10 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 6 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICAT 3r oveed Fdo~ Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 IOZ Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft (registered in France) Telecommunications: fair telephone services; poor telegraph facilities; 2,000 telephones; 7,000 radio receivers; 1,100 TV receivers; 1 AM, no FM, and 1 TV stations Approved For Release 2004/0'th 1 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 5 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : GCIATRDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 102,000 sq. mi.; 75% forested, 15% savanna, 9% urban and wasteland, less than 1% cultivated (1967) Land boundaries: 1,505 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 25 n. mi. Coastline: 550 mi. Ethnic divisions: about 40 Bantu tribes, including 8 major tribal groupings (Omiene, Fang, Eshira, Bakota, Mbede, Seke, Okande, Bakele); about 3,000 Pygmies; 10,000 to 12,000 non-Africans Religion: 55% to 75% Christian, less than 1% Muslim, remainder animist Language: French official language and medium of instruction in schools; Fang is a major vernacular language Literacy: about 12% Labor force: about 280,000 of whom 56,000 in modern sector Organized labor: less than 30% of wage labor force PEOPLE: Population: 513,000, average annual growth rate 1.7% (FY66-70); males 15-49, 126,000; 63,000 fit for military service; 5,000 reach military age (18) annually GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Gabonese Republic Type: republic; one-party presidential regime since 1964 Capital: Libreville Political subdivisions: 9 regions, 6 communes, 4,500 villages Legal system: based on French civil law system and customary law; constitution adopted 1961; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court; legal education at Centre of Higher and Legal Studies at Libreville; compulsory ICJ jurisdiction not accepted Branches: power centralized in President, elected by universal suffrage for 7-year term; unicameral 47-member National Assembly has limited powers; judiciary Government leaders: President Albert-Bernard Bongo Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: Presidential and parliamentary elections last held March 1967 Political parties and leaders: Gabonese Democratic Party (PDG) led by President Bongo is only legal party Communists: possibly some Communists and probably some Communist sympathizers Member of: EAMA, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMF, ITU, OAU, OCAM, UDEAC, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $326 million (1970), about $660 per capita; 1965-70 real growth 8% average annual rate Agriculture: commercial -- cocoa, coffee, wood, palm oil, rice; main food crops -- bananas, manioc, peanuts, root crops; imports food Fishing: catch 4,000 tons (1969); exports $600,000 (1970), imports -- not available Major industries: sawmills, petroleum refinery, natural gas, agricultural processing; mining of increasing importance; major minerals -- manganese, uranium, gold, and iron Electric power: 16,750 kw. installed capacity (1970); 46 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 97 kw.-hr. per capita Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (conAp roved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Exports: $174 million (f.o.b., 1970) excluding trade with other members of the Economic and Customs Union of Central Africa (UDEAC); wood and wood products about 40%; minerals (manganese, uranium concentrates, gold, crude oil) Imports: $113 million (c.i.f., 1970) excluding UDEAC trade; mining, roadbuilding machinery, electrical equipment, transport vehicles, foodstuffs, textiles Major trade partners: France, U.S., West Germany, and Curacao; preferential tariffs to EC and franc zone Monetary conversion rate: 1 Communaute Financiere Africaine franc=0.02 French francs; prior to 13 August 1971, 277 CFA francs=US$1 Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 3,820 mi.; 125 mi. paved, 1,960 mi. gravel or crushed stone, 1,425 mi. improved earth, 310 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: approximately 1,000 mi. perennially navigable Pipelines: crude oil, 39 mi. Ports: 3 major, 2 minor Civil air: 9 major transport aircraft Airfields: 179 total, 98 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with run- way 8,000-11,999 ft., 14 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations Telecommunications: fair telephone and telegraph services; good broadcast coverage in vicinity of Libreville; 2 AM and 2 TV stations; 6,700 telephones; 62,000 radio receivers; 1,200 TV receivers DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on France Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, 5,545,000; about 6.3% of total budget 112 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 TC Approved For Release 2004/08/31GAlf-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 4,000 sq. mi.; 25% uncultivated savanna, 16% swamps, 4% forest parks, 55% upland cultivable areas, built-up areas, etc. Land boundaries: 460 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. (fishing, 18 n. mi.) Coastline: 50 mi. males 15- , , , , Ethnic divisions: over 99% Africans (Malinke 41%, Fulani 14%, Wolof 12%, remainder made up of several smaller groups), fewer than 1% Europeans and Lebanese Religion: 85% Muslim, 15% animist and Christian Language: English official; Malinke most widely used vernacular Literacy: about 10% Labor force: approx. 165,000, mostly engaged in subsistence farming; about 25,000 are wage earners (government, trade, services) Organized labor: 25% to 30% of wage labor force at most PEOPLE: Population: 375,000, average annual growth rate 2.0% (FY69,, 49 89 000. 43 000 fit for military service GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of The Gambia Type: republic; independent since February 1968 Capital : Bathurst Political subdivisions: Bathurst and 4 divisions Legal system: based on English common law and customary law; constitution came into force upon independence in 1965, new republican constitution adopted in April 1970; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: Executive Council of 8 ministers; 36-member House of Representatives, in which 4 seats are reserved for chiefs and 32 are filled by election for 5-year term; independent judiciary Government leader: Dawda K. Jawara, President Political parties and leaders: People's Progressive Party (PPP), Secretary General Dawda K. Jawara; o position coalition, People's Progressive Alliance (PPA) and United Party (UP) Elections: general elections held May 1966; PPP won 24 seats, alliance of UP and PPA won 5 Communists: probably some Communists and sympathizers Member of: Commonwealth, OAU, U.N. ECONOMY: GDP: $46 million (FY71 est.), about $120 per capita Agriculture: main crops -- peanuts, rice, palm kernels Fishing: catch 4,500 tons (1970); exports $94,000 (1970) Major industry: peanut processing Electric power: 5,000 kw. capacity (1970); 12 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 32 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $15.7 million (1970); peanuts and peanut products 90% to 95%, palm kernels Imports: $17 million (1970); textiles, foodstuffs, tobacco, machinery, petroleum products Major trade partners: exports -- U.K.; imports -- U.K. and Japan Aid: economic -- U.K. (1968-71) about $8 million commitment Monetary conversion rate: 1 Gambian pound=US$2.40 (official) Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATI Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Railroads: none Highways: 820 mi.; 130 mi. bituminous surface treated, 260 mi. gravel, 430 mi unimproved earth Inland waterways: 377 mi. Ports: 1 major Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 4 total, 1 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway; 1 with runway 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: good telephone and telegraph services; 1,600 telephones; 35,000 radio receivers; 2 AM, no FM or TV stations; 1 submarine cable DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of U.K.; no British troops present; police strength is about 600, including 6 expatriate officers 114 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 13A GERMANY, EAST LAND: 41,800 sq. mi.; 45% arable, 13% meadows and pasture, 27% forested, 15% other (1968) Land boundaries: 1,435 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 560 mi. (including islands) n Religion: 80% Protestant, 9% Roman Catholic, 11% unaffiliated or other; less than 5% of Protestants and about 25% of Roman Catholics actively participate Language: German, small Sorbin (West Slavic) minority Literacy: 99% Labor force: 8.2 million; 36.5% industry; 5.2% handicrafts; 7.4% construction; 12.8% agriculture; 7.3% transport and communications; 11.0% commerce; 17.5% services; 2.3% other Organized labor: 86% of total labor force PEOPLE: Population: 17,039,000 (including East Berlin), average annual growth rate -0% (current); males 15-49, 3,791,000; 3,076,000 fit for military service; about 133,000 reach military age (18) annually ic divisions? 99 7% German .3% Slavic and other Eth GOVERNMENT: Legal name: German Democratic Republic Type: Communist state Capital: East Berlin (not officially recognized by U.S., U.K., and France, which together with the U.S.S.R. have special rights and responsibilities in Berlin) Political subdivisions: (excluding East Berlin 14 districts (Bezirke), 217 counties (Kreise), 8,867 communities (Gemeinden) Legal system: Civil law system modified by Communist legal theory; new constitution adopted 1968 by approx. 95% of the voters in national "referendum;" court system parallels administrative divisions; no judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at Universities of Berlin, Leipsig, Haile and Jena; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; more stringent penal code adopted 1968 Branches: legislative -- Volkskammer (elected directly); executive -- Chairman of Council of State, Chairman of Council of Ministers, Cabinet (elected by Volkskammer); judiciary -- Supreme Court; entire structure dominated by Socialist Unity (Communist) Party Government leaders: Walter Ulbricht (Head of State); Chairman, Council of Ministers, Willi Stoph (Head of Government) Suffrage: all citizens age 18 and over Elections: national and local alternating every 2 years; prepared by an electoral commission of the National Front; ballot supposed to be secret and voters permitted to strike names off ballot; more candidates than offices available; parliamentary elections held 2 July 1967; local elections, 22 March 1970; new parliamentary elections scheduled for 14 November 1971 Political parties and leaders: Socialist Unity (Communist) Party (SED), headed by First Secretary Erich Honecker, dominates the regime; 4 token parties (Christian Democratic Union, National Democratic Party, Liberal Democratic Party, and Democratic Peasants' Party) and an amalgam of special interest organizations participate with the SED in National Front Voting strength: 1967 parliamentary elections: 99.93% voted the regime slate; 197 local elections: 99.85% voted the regime slate Communists: 1.9 million party members Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT (cont'd) : Other special interest groups: Free German Youth, Free German Trade Union Federation, Democratic Women's Federation of Germany, German Cultural Federation (all Communist dominated) Member of: CEMA, Warsaw Pact ECONOMY: Agriculture: food deficit area; main crops -- potatoes, rye, wheat, barley, oats, industrial crops; shortages in grain, vegetables, vegetable oil, beef; caloric intake, 3,000 calories per day per capita (1967-68) Major industries: metal fabrication, chemicals, light industry, brown coal, uranium, and shipbuilding Shortages: coking coal, coke, crude oil, rolled steel products, nonferrous metals Crude steel: 5.37 million metric tons produced (1970 est.), approx. 310 kg. per capita Electric power: 12,669,100 kw. capacity (1970); 67.7 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 3,020 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $4,581 million est. (f.o.b. delivering country, 1970) Imports: $4,847 million est. (f.o.b. delivering country, 1970) Major trade partners: $9,428 million (1970); 39% Soviet Union, 32% other Communist countries, 29% non-Communist countries Monetary conversion rate: 4.2 DME=US$l (unofficial rate actually used in East German accounting of foreign trade transactions) Fiscal year: same as calendar year; economic data reported for calendar years except for caloric intake, which is reported for the consumption year 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 9,109 route mi.; 8,762 mi. standard gage, 347 mi. meter and narrow gage, 1,731 mi. double track standard gage; 843 mi. overhead electrified (1970) Highways: 54,055 mi.; 29,369 mi. paved, 24,685 mi. unpaved; 910 mi. classified autobahn, 7,705 mi. national routes, 20,755 mi. district roads (1971) Inland waterways: 1,562 mi. (1971) Freight carried: rail -- 289.2 million short tons, 28.4 billion short ton/mi. (1969); highway -- 510.4 million short tons, 8.4 billion short ton/mi. (1970); waterway -- 14.3 to 15.1 million short tons, 1.6 billion short ton/mi. (1970) Pipelines: crude oil, 360 mi; refined products, 100 mi. Merchant marine: 130 ships (1,000 GRT and over) totaling 966,300 GRT, 1,299,800 DWT; includes 2 passenger, 99 cargo, 9 tanker, 11 bulk, 9 specialized carrier Telecommunications: domestic and international facilities modern and adequate; good coverage provided by 21 AM and 18 FM broadcast stations, 6,000,000 receivers; 15 major TV stations supplemented by 300 rebroadcast stations; 4.4 million TV receivers; 1,986,190 telephones (100% automatic) DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, 7.2 billion DME; about 9.5% of total budget Approved For Release 2004/08/H CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 STAT Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Next 1 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 50AApproved For Release 2004/08/31 GN-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 92,000 sq. mi.; 19% agricultural, 60% forest and brush, 21% other (1969) Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) PEOPLE: Population: 8,932,000, average annual growth rate 2.4% (March 60-70); males 15-49, 2,035,000; 1,090,000 fit for military service; 105,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 99.8% Negroid African (major tribes Fanti, Ashanti, Ewe), 0.2% European and other R 1' ' n ? 45% nimists 42 8% Christian 12% Muslim e ~g~o. o Language: English official; African languages include Akan 44%, Mole-Dagbani 16%, Ewe 13%, and Ga-Adangbe 8% Literacy: about 25% (in English) Labor force: 3.4 million; 61% agriculture and fishing, 16.8% industry, 15.2% sales and clerical, 4.1% services, transportation, and communications, 2.9% professional; 400,000 unemployed Organized labor: 350,000 or approximately 10% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Ghana Type: republic; independent since March 1957 Capital: Accra Political subdivisions: 8 administrative regions and separate Greater Accra Area; regions subdivided into 47 districts Legal system: based on English common law and customary law; Supreme Court has power of judicial review; new constitution adopted 1969; legal education at University of Ghana (Legon) and Ghana Law School (Accra); has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive authority vested primarily in prime minister, although president has some appointive powers; unicameral legislature; independent judiciary Government leaders: chief of state, President Edward Akufo-Addo; Prime Minister, Kofi A. Busia Suffrage: universal over 21 Elections: 140-man National Assembly elected to five-year term in August, 1969; 105 seats won by Progress Party which now governs Political parties and leaders: two major parties are Progress Party led by Kofi Busia and Justice Party led by E. R. Madjitey and Joe Appiah Communists: a small number of Communists and sympathizers, without influence since Nkrumah's overthrow Member of: Commonwealth, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, OAU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $2.3 billion (1969) at current prices, about $260 per capita; real growth rate about 3.6% Agriculture: main crop -- cocoa; other crops include root crops, corn, sorghum and millet, peanuts; not self-sufficient, but can become so Fishing: catch 163,000 tons (1969), $35 million Major industries: mining, lumbering, light manufacturing, fishing, aluminum Electric power: 675,000 kw. capacity (1970); 2.8 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 320 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $348 million (f.o.b., 1969); cocoa (about 70%), wood, gold, diamonds, manganese, bauxite, and aluminum (aluminum regularly excluded from balance of payments data) Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont' d)4cpproved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Imports: $300 million (f.o.b., 1969); textiles and other manufactured goods, food, fuels, transport equipment Major trade partners: U.K., EC, and U.S. Monetary conversion rate: 1 new Cedi=US$0.98 (official); 1.02 new Cedi=US$l Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 599 mi. -- all 3'6" gage; 20 mi. double track; diesel locomotives gradually replacing steam engines Highways: 21,350 mi., 3,100 mi. concrete or bituminous surface, 3,750 mi. gravel or laterite, 3,700 mi. improved earth, 10,800 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: Volta, Ankobra, and Tano rivers provide 145 mi. of perennial navigation for launches and lighters; additional routes navigable seasonally by small craft; Lake Volta reservoir provides 700 mi. of arterial and feeder waterways Pipelines: refined products, 2 mi. Ports: 2 major, 1 naval base (Sekondi), 4 minor Merchant marine: 16 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 113,900 GRT, 150,900 DWT Civil air: 7 major transport aircraft Airfields: 22 total, 19 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 9 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: telephone fair to good in urban areas; fairly good telegraph services; 54,000 telephones; about 703,000 radio receivers; 16,000 TV receivers; 2 AM, no FM, and 5 TV stations; 2 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Major ground units: 2 brigades (6 infantry battalions, 1 reinforced airborne company, 1 mortar battery, 1 field engineer battalion, 1 reconnaissance battalion) Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June 1971, $45,500,000; 8.8% of total budget 120 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 25A Approved For Release 2004/OWIIAL9 -RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 2.5 sq. mi. Land boundaries: 1 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 7.5 mi. Language: English and Spanish are primary languages; Italian, Portuguese, and Russian also spoken; English used in the schools and for all official purposes Literacy: illiteracy is negligible Labor force: approx. 14,800, including non-Gibraltarian laborers Organized labor: 3,369, in 27 registered trade unions PEOPLE: Population: 28,000 (official estimate for 31 December 1969); males 15-49, about 6,000; about 3,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: mostly Italian, English, Maltese, and Spanish descent Religion: predominantly Roman Catholic GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Colony of Gibraltar Type: U.K. colony Capital: none Legal system: English law; constitutional talks in July 1968; new system effected in 1969 after electoral enquiry Branches: parliamentary system comprised of the Gibraltar House of the Assembly (15 elected members and 2 ex officio members), the Council of Ministers headed by the Chief Minister, and the Gibraltar Council; the Governor is appointed by the Crown Government leaders: Governor and Commander in Chief, Adm. of the Fleet Sir Varyl Begg; Chief Minister, Maj. Robert Peliza; Deputy Chief Minister, Peter Isola Suffrage: all adult Gibraltarians, plus other U.K. subjects resident 6 months or more Elections: every 5 years; last held in July 1969 Political parties and leaders: Association for Advancement of Civil Rights (AACR), Sir Joshua Hassan; Labor, Sir Joshua Hassan; Independents, Peter Isola; Integrationists (IWBP), Maj. Robert Peliza Voting strength: In 1969, the AACR won 7 seats in the Assembly, the IWBP won 5, the Independents won 3; a coalition between the latter two parties was formed Communists: none known Other political or pressure groups: the Housewives Association; the Chamber of Commerce ECONOMY: Economic activity in Gibraltar centers on commerce and large British naval and air bases. Nearly all trade in the well-developed port is transit trade and port serves also as important supply depot for fuel, water, and ships' wares. Recently built dockyards and machine shops provide maintenance and repair services to 3,500-4,000 vessels that call at Gibraltar each year. U.K. military establishments and civil government employ nearly half the insured labor force. Local industry is confined to manufacture of tobacco, roasted coffee, ice, mineral waters, candy, and\canned fish. Some factories for manufacture of clothing are being developed. A small segment of local population makes its livelihood by fishing. In recent years tourism has increased in importance. Approved For Release 2004/08/3Y! CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Electric power: 29,170 kw. capacity (1970); 47 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,500 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $4.0 million (f.o.b., 1968); principally reexports of tobacco, petroleum, and wine Imports: $19.8 million (1967) Major trade partners: U.K., France, Spain, Netherlands, Italy, West Germany Monetary conversion rate: 1 Gibraltar pound=US$2.40 COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 19 miles, all paved Inland waterways: none Ports: 1 major Civil air: 1 major transport aircraft (registered in U.K.) Airfields: 1 permanent-surface runway, 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: international radiocommunication facilities; automatic telephone system serving 5,600 telephones; 6,000 radio receivers; 6,600 television receivers; 1 AM, 1 FM, and 2 TV stations; 14 submarine cables Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 NIS 24 Approved For Release 2004/0P ijCLCIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 51,200 sq. mi.; 29% arable and land under permanent crops, 40% meadows and pastures, 20% forested, 11% wasteland, urban, other (1966) Land boundaries: 740 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 6 n. mi. Coastline: 8,500 mi. Ethnic divisions: 96% Greek, 2% Turkish, 1% Albanian, 1% other Religion: 97% Greek Orthodox, 2.5% Muslim, 0.5% other Language: Greek; English and French widely understood Literacy: males about 92%; females about 73%; total about 82% Labor force: 3.7 million (1967 est.); 50% agriculture, 15% industry, 9% trade, 26% other; unemployment and underemployment, 20% total in all fields; shortage of skilled labor in nonagricultural sectors aggravated by large- scale emigration Organized labor: 10% of labor force PEOPLE: Population: 8,765,000, average annual growth rate 0.4% (March 61-71); males 15-49, 2,143,000; 1,725,000 fit for military service, about 69,000 reach military age (21) annually GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Greece Type: constitutional monarchy; power in hands of ex-military leaders since April 1967 Capital:.Athens Political subdivisions: 52 departments (nomoi) administered by the central government (probably will be altered) Legal system: based on Roman and Byzantine law, substantially altered by civil codes of 1946-51; legal training at University of Athens; compulsory ICJ jurisdiction not accepted Branches: new constitution implemented in November 1968, except for certain articles concerning individual rights, political activity, and powers of the courts theoretically implemented through new legislation in 1969; however, in practice repression of these rights still exists; Consultative Assembly elected in 1970 Government leaders: King Constantine, head of state (in exile); Lt. Gen. George Zoitakis, Regent; actual authority lies in hands of ex-military headed by Georgis Papadopoulos, Prime Minister, Minister of Defense, and Foreign Minister; Stylianos Pattakos, First Deputy Prime Minister; and Nikolaos Makarezos, Second Deputy Prime Minister Suffrage: universal age 21 and over Elections: subject to scheduling of government Political parties and leaders: political activities suppressed; party leadership and organization in disarray Communists: 12% of electorate in February 1964; hard-core elements imprisoned; Communist Party (KKE) outlawed since 1947 Member of: EC (associate member), FAO, FUND, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, ILO, IMCO, ITU, NATO, OECD, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $8.4 billion (1969), $950 per capita; 78% consumption, 22% investment; 1969 growth rate 8.5%, 1958 constant prices 123 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont' d) : Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Agriculture: subject to droughts; main crops -- wheat, olives, tobacco, cotton; nearly self-sufficient; food shortages -- livestock products; caloric intake, 2,960 calories per day per capita (1963) Major industries: food processing, tobacco, chemicals, textiles, petroleum refining, aluminum processing Shortages: petroleum, minerals, feed grains Crude steel: 210,000 metric tons produced (1969), 20 kg. per capita Electric power: 2,614,000 kw. capacity (1970); 8,900 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 780 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $612 million (f.o.b., 1970); principal items -- tobacco, cotton, fruits, metals Imports: $1,696 million (c.i.f., 1970); principal items -- machinery and automotive equipment, manufactured consumer goods, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals Major trade partners: (1970) imports -- 43% EC, 14.5% sterling area, 15% U.S., 6.4% CEMA countries; exports -- 40.4% EC, 10.7% sterling area, 15.6% U.S., 16.5% CEMA countries Aid: economic (authorized) -- U.S., $1,887 million (1946-70), $14 million in 1970; International Finance Corporation, $14.9 million through 1970; U.N. technical assistance, $3.9 million through 1970; U.N. Special Fund, $8.2 million through 1970; IBRD, $32.5 million (1968-70), $20 million in 1970; Consortium, $40 million in 1966; EC (1964-70) $69.2 million; military -?- U.S., $2,020 million (1946-70) Monetary conversion rate: 30 drachmae=US$1 (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1,620 mi.; 980 mi. standard gage (4'8 1/2"), 610 mi. meter gage (3'3 3/8"), 20 mi. I'll 5/8" narrow gage, 10 mi. 2'S 1/2" narrow gage Highways: 24,200 mi.; 7,100 mi. paved, 9,100 mi. crushed stone and gravel 4,800 mi. improved earth, 3,200 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: system consists of 3 coastal canals and 3 unconnected rivers which provide navigable length of just less than 50 mi. Pipelines: crude oil, 16 mi., refined products, 340 mi. Ports: 17 major, 37 minor Merchant marine: 1,419 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 13,296,900 GRT, 20,994,000 DWT; includes 52 passenger, 890 cargo, 234 tanker, 218 bulk, 25 specialized carrier; ethnic Greeks also own an estimated 18,421,000 GRT under other flags: about 16,192,000 GRT under Liberia, 732,000 under Panama, 1,437,000 under Cyprus, 46,000 under Lebanon, 5,300 under Malta, and 8,700 under Somali Republic Airfields: 54 total, 47 usable; 32 with permanent-surface runways; 15 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 10 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Civil air: 32 major transport aircraft Telecommunications: fairly modern networks reach all areas on mainland and islands; however, services generally inadequate; 881,000 telephones; 1.4 million radio receivers; 255,000 TV receivers; 27 AM, 6 FM and 12 TV stations; 9 submarine cables; communications satellite ground station DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1970, $471 million; 26.3% of central government budget 124 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Approved For Release 20041RL8L/RLANRIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 840,000 sq. mi.; less than 1% arable (of which only a fraction cultivated), 83% permanent ice and snow, 16% other (1964) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 27,400 mi. (approx., includes minor islands) y Labor force: 12,000; largely engaged in fishing and sheep breeding PEOPLE: Population: 49,000, average annual growth rate 2.2% (FY70); males 15-49, included with Denmark Ethnic divisions: 86% Greenlander (Eskimos and Greenland- born whites), 14% Danes Religion: Evangelical Lutheran Language: Danish, Eskimo dialects : 990/ Literac GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Greenland Type: province of Kingdom of Denmark; 2 representatives in Danish parliament; separate Minister for Greenland in the Danish cabinet Capital: Godthaab (administrative center) Political subdivisions: 3 counties, 19 communes Legal system: Danish law; transformed from colony to province in 1953 Branches: legislative authority rests jointly with Crown and Danish parliament; executive power vested in Crown, acting through provincial governor responsible to Minister for Greenland; local affairs handled by provincial council (Landsrad) subject to approval of provincial governor; 19 lower courts Government leader: King Frederick IX; Governor N.O. Christensen Suffrage: universal, but not compulsory, over age 21 Elections: held every 4 years (next 1975) Political parties: Inuit (advocating close ties with Denmark); Sukaq (moderate socialist, advocating more distinct Greenland identity) ECONOMY: GNP: included in that of Denmark Agriculture: arable areas largely in hay; sheep grazing; garden produce Fishing: catch 39,200 tons, $4.5 million (1969) Major industries: mining, slaughtering, fishing, sealing Electric power: 25,000 kw. capacity (1970); 49 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 580 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $13.2 million (f.o.b., 1968); fish and fish products, nonmetallic minerals Imports: $45.7 million (f.o.b., 1968); machinery and transport equipment, petroleum and petroleum products, food products Major trade partners: (1968) Denmark 83.5%, U.S. 7.6%, Venezuela 3.2% Monetary conversion rate: 7.5 Danish Kroner=US$l Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: none Ports: 7 major, 16 minor Civil air: 2 major transport aircraft registered in Denmark Airfields: 11 total, 8 usable; 3 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 4 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 7 seaplane stations 125 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS (cont'd): 5 AM, 1 FM, and Telecommunications: adequate domestircadandobinteroadcasrnattireceional provided by radio; 2,950 telephones; 7,100 2 TV stations; 2 submarine cables Approved For Release 2004/6031 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ^ n Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : IA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 133 sq. mi. (Grenada and southern Grenadines); 47% cultivated, 3% pastures, 12% forests, 20% unused but potentially productive, 18% built on, wasteland, other (1964) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 75 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 96,000, average annual growth rate 0.6% (April 60-70) 1 f African-Negro descent o Ethnic di visions. main y Religion: Church of England; other Protestant sects; Roman Catholic Language: English; some French patois Literacy: unknown Labor force: 25,170 (1960); 40% agriculture, 30% unemployed or underemployed Organized labor: 33% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: State of Grenada Type: dependent territory with full internal autonomy as a British "Associated State" Capital: St. Georges Political subdivisions: 6 parishes Legal system: based on English common law Government leaders: Premier Eric Matthew Gairy; U.K. Governor Dr. Hilda Bynoe Suffrage: universal adult suffrage Elections: every 5 years; most recent election August 1967 Political parties and leaders: Grenada United Labor Party (GULP), Eric Matthew Gairy; Grenada National Party (GNP), Herbert A. Blaize Voting strength (1967 election): GULP 53.9%, GNP 46.1%; Legislative Council seats, GULP 7, GNP 3 Communists: negligible Member of: CARIFTA ECONOMY: GDP: $22.0 million (1967), $220 per capita Agriculture: main crops -- cocoa, spices, bananas Electric power: 2,500 kw. capacity (1969); 8.75 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 82 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $5.1 million (f.o.b., 1968); cocoa beans, bananas, nutmeg, mace Imports: $13.2 million (c.i.f., 1968); textiles, flour, clothing, miscellaneous manufactured goods Major trade partners: U.K. 37%, U.S. 9%, Canada 9% (1966) Monetary conversion rate: 1.93 West Indies dollars=US$l (6 October 1971) COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 600 mi.; 380 mi. paved, 100 mi. gravel, crushed stone, or earth surface; 120 mi. unimproved Ports: 1 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 4 total, 3 usable; 1 with asphalt runway 5,000 ft. Telecommunications: automatic, islandwide telephone system with 2,700 telephones; VHF island link to Trinidad; no data on radio or TV receivers; 1 AM station Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 687 sq. mi.; 25% cropland, 8% pasture, 19% forest, 48% wasteland, built on; area consists of two islands (1970) axa~no ~~~~ ?rAB~~~i~ 5% Caucasian Religion: 95% Roman Catholic, 5% Hindu, and pagan African Language: French, Creole patois Literacy: over 70% Labor claboro,00%;of5laborlforcere' 25% unemployed Organized GOVERNMENT: in the French Legal name: Guadeloupe 3 deputies Type: overseas department of France; represented by National Assembly and 2 deputies in the Senate Capital: Basse-Terre Political subdivisions: 3 arrondissements; 34 communes, each with a local y elected municipal council appeal based Legal system: French civil law system; highest court Gis a uiana,uand Martinique in Martinique with jurisdictionoonted Guadeloupe, dPa~ise~legislative, popularly Branches: executive, Prefecture app elected council of 36 members; judicial, under jurisdiction of French legal system Government leader: Prefect Pierre Brunon Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: General Councierel5ctclast1General CounciloelectionetookNpla~ea Assembly, normally every years; Paul in March 1970 Political parties and leaders: Union of Democrats for the Republic (UDR), Greese; Communist Party of Guadeloupe (PCG) Henri Bangou; Socialist Party, Henri Rodes; leader unknown; Progressive Party of Guadeloupe (PPG), HIndependent Republicans, leader unknown UDR, 1 seat; Independent Voting strength: PCG, 1 seat in French National Assembly; Republicans, 1 seat (1968 election) Communists: 2,000, 11,000 sympathizers rroup of National Organization of Guadeloupe Other political or pressure groups: (GONG) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 190 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 337,000, average annual growth rate 1.8% (FY67-69); males 15-49, included with France Ethnic divisions: 90% Negro or mulatto, 5% East Indian, GDP: $206 growth rate (1968 est.) 1% ECONOMY: million (1968), per capita; real , Agriculture: main crops, sugarcane and bananas Major industry: agricultural processing, sugar milling and-rum distillat(o970), Electric power: 27,800 kw. capacity (1970); 213 kw.-hr. per capita bananas, rum Exports: $38 million (f.o.b., 1970), sugar, stuffs, clothing and other consumer Imports: $128 million (c.i.f.' 1970), goods, raw materials and supplies, and petroleum Major trade partners: exports -U S. 9%, GermanyS3%17Netherlands7Antilles 3%, 5%; imports - -- - France 70%, Netherlands 3%, other 12% (1968) 129 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont' d) : Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Monetary conversion rate: US$1=5.5187 francs (commercial), US$1=5.333 francs, 1 October 1971 Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: privately owned, narrow-gage plantation lines Highways: 1,200 mi.;*780 mi. paved, 420 mi. gravel and earth Ports: 1 major (Pointe-a-Pitre), 3 minor Civil air: 1 major transport Telecommunications: domestic facilities inadequate; international, approaching saturation point; 11,400 telephones, 83% automatic; telegrams re-transmitted by telephone; international radio-telegraph carries 5 telex circuits; inter-island VHF radio links; 2 AM radio and 2 TV transmitters, with about 22,500 radio and 5,200 TV receivers DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of France; data included with-France Airfields: 6 total, 5 usable, 4 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station 130 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/ ?OMALCAIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 42,040 sq. mi.; 14% cultivated, 10% pasture, 57% forest, 19% other (1967) Land boundaries: 1,010 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 250 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 5,497,000, average annual growth rate 2.8% (current); males 15-49, 11,348,000; 680,000 fit for military service; about 60,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 44% Indian, 56% Ladino (mestizo and Indian -- Westernized) Religion: predominantly Roman Catholic Language: Spanish, but over 40% of the population speaks an Indian language as a primary tongue Literacy: about 30% Labor force: 1.5 million (1969); 63.2% agriculture, 12.4% manufacturing, 11.8% services, 12.6% other, 2% unemployed; severe shortage of skilled labor; oversupply of unskilled labor; of this total an estimated 10% are unemployed at any one time Organized labor: 6.5% of labor force (1969) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Guatemala Type: republic Capital: Guatemala Political subdivisions: 22 departments Legal system: civil law system; constitution came into effect 1966; judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at University of San Carlos of Guatemala; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: traditionally dominant executive; elected unicameral legislature; 7-member (minimum) Supreme Court Government leader: President Carlos Arana Suffrage: universal over age 18, compulsory for literates, optional for illiterates Elections: next elections (President and Congress) March 1974 Political parties and leaders: Democratic Institutional Party (PID), Donaldo Alvarez Ruiz; Revolutionary Party (PR), Alberto Fuentes Mohr (Sec. Gen.); National Liberation Movement (MLN), Mario Sandoval Alarcon; Guatemalan Christian Democratic Party (DCG), Danilo Barillas Rodriguez PR 202 241 (32.5%), DCG Voting strength: for President -- MLN-PID 251,135 (40%), 125,948 (20%) null, 7.5%; for congressional seats -- PR 16, MLN-PID 34, DCG 5 Other political or pressure groups: outlawed (Communist) Guatemalan Labor Party (PGT), Bernardo Alvarado; Revolutionary Democratic Unity (URD), Francisco Villagran Kramer Member of: CACM, IADB, IAEA, ICAO, IHB, OAS, ODECA, U.N. ECONOMY: GNP: $2.0 billion (purchasing power parity estimate, 1969), $380 per capita; 79% private consumption, 8% government consumption, 14% domestic investment, -1% net foreign balance; real growth rate 1970, 5.6% Agriculture: main products -- coffee, cotton, corn, beans, sugarcane, bananas, livestock; caloric intake, 2,200 calories per day per capita (1967) Fishing: catch 3,700 tons (1970) Major industries: food processing, textiles and clothing, furniture, chemicals, nonmetallic minerals, metals 131 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Electric power: 230,000 kw. capacity (1970 est.); 730 million kw.-hr. produced (1970 est.), 137 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $298 million (f.o.b., 1970); coffee, cotton, meat, bananas, sugar, textiles, tires Imports: $284 million (c.i.f., 1970); manufactured products, machinery, trans- portation equipment, chemicals, fuels Major trade partners: exports -- U.S. 28%, CACM 29%, West Germany 10%, Japan 11%; imports -- U.S. 41%, CACM 20%, West Germany 10%, U.K. 17% (1968) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70), $171.3 million loans, $170.8 million grants; from international organizations (FY46-69), $108.8 million; from other western countries (1960-68) $7.6 million; military -- assistance from U.S. (FY46-70), $17.6 million Monetary conversion rate: 1 quetzal=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 550 mi., 3'0" gage; 510 mi. government owned, 40 mi. privately owned Highways: 7,600 mi., 1,300 mi. bituminous, 4,200 mi. gravel, 2,100 mi. improved or unimproved earth (1965) Inland waterways: 164 mi. navigable year-round; additional 458 mi. navigable during high-water season Pipelines: crude oil, 28 mi. Freight carried: rail (1960) -- 191.8 million ton/miles, 1.1 million tons Ports: 4 major, 1 minor Merchant marine: 2 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,600 GRT, 5,400 DWT Airfields: 476 total, 314 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 18 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Civil air: 112 major transport aircraft Telecommunications: modern telecom facilities largely limited to Guatemala; intercity open wire network; 38,500 telephones; est. 350,000 radio and 72,000 TV receivers, 77 AM, 25 FM, and 3 TV stations; construction plan for satellite earth station canceled DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1970, $15,904,000; about 8.6% of central government budget 132 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004I081 r IA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 nirr rnr LAND: 95,000 sq. mi.; 3.3% cropland, 10% forest (1969) Land boundaries: 2,160 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 130 n. mi. Coastline: 215 mi. L e anguag . Literacy: 5% to 10%; French only significant written language Labor force: 1.5 million, of which less than 10% are wage earners; most of population engages in subsistence agriculture Organized labor: virtually 100% of wage labor force loosely affiliated with the National Confederation of Guinean Workers, which is closely tied to the PDG PEOPLE: Population: 3,965,000, average annual growth rate 2.6% (FY67); males 15-49, 937,000; 450,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: 99% African (3 major tribes - Fulani, Malinke, Soussou; and 13 smaller tribes) Religion: 80% Muslim, 19% animist, 1% Christian French official: each tribe has own language GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Guinea Type: republic; under one-party presidential regime Capital: Conakry Political subdivisions: 30 administrative regions, 204 arrondissements, about 8,000 local entities of village or district level Legal system: based on French civil law system and customary law; constitution adopted 1958; no constitutional provision for judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive branch dominant, with power concentrated in President's hands and a small group who are both ministers and members of the party's politburo; unicameral National Assembly and judiciary have little independence Government leader: President Ahmed Sekou Toure, who has been designated "The Supreme Leader of the Revolution" Suffrage: universal over age 18 Elections: approximate schedule -- 5 years parliamentary, latest in 1968; 7 years Presidential, latest in 1968 Political parties and leaders: only party is Democratic Party of Guinea (PDG), headed by Sekou Toure Communists: no Guinean Communists have been identified, although there are some sympathizers Member of: FAO, ICAO, ILO, ITU, OAU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: about $275 million (1965), $80 per capita Agriculture: cash crops -- coffee, bananas, palm products, peanuts, and pine- apples; staple food crops -- cassava, rice, millet, corn, sweet potatoes; livestock raised in some areas Major industries: alumina, light manufacturing and processing industries, bauxite Electric power: 99,700 kw. capacity (1970); 239 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 60 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: export receipts, $56 million (FY69-70); alumina, coffee, pineapples, bananas, palm nuts Imports: $66 million (FY69-70); petroleum products, metals, machinery and transport equipment, foodstuffs, textiles 133 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont' d) : Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Major trade partners: Communist countries, Western Europe (including France), U.S. Monetary conversion rate: 247 Guinea francs=US$1 (provisional) Fiscal year: 1 October - 30 September COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 500 mi. meter gage, 5 mi. standard gage Highways: 6,000 mi.; 300 mi. paved, 2,000 mi. all weather, 3,700 mi. seasonal (dry) Inland waterways: 1,115 mi.; 310 mi. navigable by small oceangoing vessels, 805 mi. navigable by shallow-draft steamers and barges Ports: 1 major, 2 minor Merchant marine: 1 bulk carrier (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 10,764 GRT, 15,290 DWT Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft Airfields: 20 total, 15 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway; 3 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 5 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 3 seaplane stations Telecommunications: limited telephone service; fair telegraph facilities; 6,500 telephones; 91,000 radio receivers; 1 AM, no FM, and no TV stations; 3 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 September 1970, $6,073,000; 8.0% of total budget 134 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 95Approved For Release 2004/08/31GUCWRDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 83,000 sq. mi.; 1% cropland, 3% pasture, 9% savanna, 77% forested, 10% water, urban, and waste (1968 est.) Land boundaries: 1,600 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 285 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 745,000, average annual growth rate 2.5% (April 60-70); males 15-49, 173,000; 119,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: 50% East Indians, 44% Negro and Negro mixed, 4% Amerindian, 2% white and Chinese Religion: 57% Christian, 33% Hindu, 9% Muslim, 1% other Language: English Literacy: 86% Labor force: 175,000; about 75% agriculture, 10% mining, services, and manufacturing, 15% other; 21% unemployed; shortage of technical and managerial personnel Organized labor: 25% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Guyana Type: republic within Commonwealth Capital: Georgetown Political subdivisions: 9 administrative districts Legal system: based on English common law with certain admixtures of Roman- Dutch law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: Council of Ministers presided over by Prime Minister; 53-member unicameral legislative National Assembly (elected); Supreme Court Government leader: Prime Minister L.F.S. Burnham Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: last held in December 1968; next elections 1973 Political parties and leaders: People's Progressive Party (PPP), Cheddi Jagan; People's National Congress (PNC), L.F.S. Burnham; United Force (UF), Feilden Singh Voting strength (1968 election): 36.5% PPP, 55.8% PNC, 7.4% UF, 0.3% other Communists: unknown; top echelons of PPP and PYO (Progressive Youth Organization, militant wing of the PPP) include many Communists, but rank and file is non-Communist Other political or pressure groups: Justice Party, Guyana United Muslim Party, Guyana All-Indian League, African Society for Cultural Relations with Independent Africa, Progressive Youth Organization (PPP affiliate), Young Socialist Movement (PNC affiliate), Guyana United Youth Society (UF affiliate), Afro-Asian-American. Association, Committee for National Reconstruction, Guyana National Party (GNP) Member of: CARIFTA, FAO, GATT, IBRD, ICAO, IFC, ILO, IMF, ITU, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO5 WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $252 million (1970), $330 per capita; real growth rate 1970 (est.) 3% Agriculture: main crops -- sugarcane, rice, other food crops; food shortages -- wheat flour, potatoes, processed meat, dairy products; caloric intake, 2,110 calories per day per capita (1965) Fishing: catch 16,600 tons, $12 million (1970); exports $4.8 million (1970), imports $1.5 million (1970) 135 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Major industries: bauxite mining, alumina production, sugar and rice milling Electric power: 112,000 kw. capacity (1970 est.); 448 million kw.-hr. produced (1970 est.), 578 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $131 million (f.o.b., 1970); bauxite, sugar, alumina, rice, shrimp, molasses, timber, diamonds, rum petroleum Imports: $134 million (c.i.f., 1970); manufactures, machinery, food, pe Major trade partners: U.K. 28%, U.S. 23%, Canada 14%, Commonwealth Caribbean countries 13% (1969) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (1953-70), $41.1 million loans, $21.3 million grants; from international organizations (FY46-70), $19.0 million Monetary conversion rate: 2 Guyana dollars=US$l Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: 18 mi. 3'6" gage Railroads: 164 mi., all single track; 146 mi. 4'8 1/2" gage, Highways: 750 mi.; 300 mi. paved, 400 mi. gravel, crushed stone, and bauxite ore, 50 mi. earth and sand Inland waterways: 3,700 mi.; Demerara River navigable to Mackenzie by ocean steamers, others by ferryboats, small craft only Ports: 1 major, 3 minor Merchant marine: 1 bulk carrier (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,959 GRT, 3,149 DWT Civil air: 6 major transport aircraft Airfields: 102 total, 89 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 12 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations Telecommunications: highly developed telecom system with multistation radio relay network and over 13,500 telephones; tropospheric scatter link to Trinidad; 200,000 radio receivers, 2 AM stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: mostly U.K., some U.S. equipment Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1969, $2.35 million; 2.8% of central government budget 136 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/FlAIT' IA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 10,700 sq. mi.; 31% cultivated, 18% rough pastures, 10% forested, 44% unproductive (1960) Land boundary: 224 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 6 n. mi. Coastline: 1,100 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 5,020,000, average annual growth rate 2.1% (FY70); males 15-49, 1,256,000; 645,000 fit for military service; about 47,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: over 90% Negro, nearly 10% mulatto, few whites Religion: 10% Protestant, 75% to 80% Roman Catholic (of which an overwhelming majority also practice Voodoo) Language: French (official) spoken by only 10% of population; all speak Creole Literacy: 10% to 12% Labor force: 2.6 million (est. January 1968); 86% agriculture, 12% industry, 2% unemployed; shortage of skilled labor; unskilled labor abundant Organized labor: less than 1% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Haiti Type: republic under the 14-year dictatorship of Francois Duvalier who was succeeded upon his death on 21 April 1971 by his constitutional successor, his son, Jean-Claude Capital: Port-au-Prince Political subdivisions: 5 departments (despite constitutional provision for 9) Legal system: based on Roman civil law system; constitution adopted 1964 and amended 1970; legal education at State University in Port-au-Prince and private law colleges in Cap-Haitien, Les Cayes, Gonaives, and Jeremie; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: lifetime President, powerless unicameral 58-member legislature, judiciary appointed by President Government leader: Jean-Claude Duvalier Suffrage: universal over age 18 Election: constitution provides for lifetime presidency; provisions for presidential succession not specified in the constitution as amended in 1970; legislative elections to be held every 6 years Political parties: National Unity Party, only legal party; United Haitian Communist Party (PUCH), illegal (Communist) Voting strength (1967 legislative elections): 100% National Unity Party (Duvalier) Member of: GATT, IADB, IAEA, ICAO, IMF, IBRD, OAS, U.N. ECONOMY: GDP: about one-half billion U.S. dollars (purchasing power parity estimate, 1969), $100 per capita; economy has been stagnant in recent years, but some growth probably occurred in 1969-70 Agriculture: main crops -- coffee, sugarcane, rice, corn, sorghum, pulses; caloric intake, 1,850 calories per day per capita Major industries: sugar refining, textiles, flour milling, cement manufacturing, copper and bauxite mining, tourism Electric power: 30,000 kw. capacity (1970 est.); 78 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 16 kw.-hr. per capita 137 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cant'd)kpproved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Exports: $40 million (f.o.b., 1970 est.); coffee, bauxite, light industrial products, sisal, sugar, copper Imports: $42.0 million (f.o.b., 1970 est.); wheat, fish, vegetable oils, textiles, petroleum products, industrial equipment, medical supplies, construction materials Major trade partners: U.S. 59%, EC 15%, Japan 6% (1967 est.) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S., $34.1 million loans, $84.2 million grants (FY46-70); international organizations, $26.0 million (FY46-70); military -- U.S., $4.3 million (FY53-63) Monetary conversion rate: 5 gourdes=US$l (17 August 1971) Fiscal year: 1 October - 30 September COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 120 mi. 2' 6" gage, single-track, privately owned industrial line; government line dismantled Highways: 2,000 mi.; 325 mi. paved, 150 mi. otherwise improved, 1,525 mi. unimproved Inland waterways: negligible; about 60 mi. navigable Ports: 2 major, 12 minor Civil air: 4 major transport aircraft; 3 owned by the air force, 1 privately owned Airfields: 30 total, 15 usable; 3 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 5 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations Telecommunications: all domestic facilities inadequate, international facilities only slightly better; large-scale telephone expansion program; only 4,450 telephones, est. 282,000 radio and 8,000 TV receivers, 25 AM, 3 FM, and 1 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 September 1970, $5,800,000; about 20.7% of operational budget 138 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 73 Approved For Release 2004108( ~OL?-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 43,300 sq. mi.; 27% forested, 30% pasture, 36% waste, 7% cropland (1966) Land boundaries: 950 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 510 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 2,719,000, average annual growth rate 3.5% (FY70); males 15-49, 669,000; 395,000 fit for military service; about 28,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 90% mestizo, 7% Indian, 2% Negro, and 1% white Religion: about 97% Roman Catholic Language: Spanish Literacy: 47% of persons 10 years of age and over Labor force: approx. 800,000 (est. mid-1970); 66% agriculture, 12% services, 8% manufacturing, 5% commerce, 6% unemployed, 3% unspecified Organized labor: 7-10% of labor force (mid-1970) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Honduras Type: republic Capital: Tegucigalpa Political subdivisions: 18 departments Legal system: based on Roman and Spanish civil law; some influence of English common law; constitution adopted 1965; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court; legal education at University of Honduras in Tegucigalpa; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: constitution provides for elected President, unicameral legislature, and national judicial branch Government leader: President Ramon Ernesto Cruz Suffrage: universal and compulsory over age 18 Elections: May 1971, Nationalist Party candidate won election; next election February 1977 Political parties and leaders: Liberal Party (PLH), Carlos Roberto Reina -- President of Central Executive Council, Jorge Bueso Arias, Modesto Rodas Alvarado, Max Velasquez, Leonardo Godoy; Nationalist Party (PNH), Ramon Ernesto Cruz, Ricardo Zuniga Augustinus, General Oswaldo Lopez Arellano, Mario Rivera Lopez, Martin Aquero, Manuel Acosta Bonilla; Popular Progressive Party (PPP-uninscribed), Gonzalo Carias Castillo; Orthodox Republican Party (PRO-uninscribed), Roque Jacinto Rivera; Communist Party of Honduras (PCH-outlawed), Dionisio Ramos Bejarano, Tomas Erazo Pena; Christian Democrat (uninscribed), Miguel Andonie Fernandez, Napoleon Alcerro Olivia Voting strength (1971 elections): Nationalist Party (PNH) 306,028; Liberal Party (PLH) 276,777 Member of: IADB, ICAO, ILO, OAS, CACM, U.N. ECONOMY: GNP: $784 million (purchasing power parity estimate, 1970), $300 per capita; 76% private consumption, 9% government consumption, 19% domestic investment; 2% inventory, -7% net foreign balance; real growth rate 1970, 2.6% Agriculture: main crops -- bananas, coffee, corn, beans, cotton, sugarcane, tobacco; caloric intake, 2,300 calories per day per capita (1964-65) Fishing: exports $1.4 million (1970); imports $0.5 million (1970) Major industries: agricultural processing, textiles, clothing, wood products 139 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cant' d) : Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Electric power: 113,000 kw. capacity (1969 est.); 380 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 150 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $170 million (f.o.b., est. 1970); bananas, coffee, corn, cotton, lumber, minerals, beef Imports: $220 million (c.i.f., est. 1970); manufactured products, machinery, transportation equipment, chemicals, fuels Major trade partners: exports -- U.S. 53%, West Germany 11%, CACM 11%; imports -- U.S. 41%, CACM 25%, West Germany 5% Japan 8% (1970) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70), $65.6 million loans, $54.8 million grants; from international organizations (FY46-68), $118.5 million; from other Western countries (1960-68), $5.3 million; military -- assistance from U.S. (FY46-70), $8.1 million Monetary conversion rate: 2 lempiras=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 743 mi.; 443 mi. of 3'6" gage, 300 mi. of 3'0" gage Highways: 3,000 mi.; 520 mi. paved, 1,240 mi. gravel, 520 mi. improved earth, 720 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 750 mi. navigable by small craft Ports: 3 major, 9 minor Merchant marine: 13 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 60,200 GRT, 57,200 DWT; all foreign owned and operated Civil air: 23 major transport aircraft Airfields: 212 total, 122 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 8 with run- ways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations Telecommunications: improved, but still inadequate for all requirements; instal- lation of radio relay system completed; over 12,500 telephones; 300,000 radio and 21,000 TV receivers; 59 AM, 5 FM, and 6 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: traditional dependence on U.S. has for the time being shifted to Western Europe Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $11,400,000; about 9% of'central government budget (includes the armed forces and the Special Security Corps) 140 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/021KO IA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 400 sq. mi.; 14% arable, 10% forested, 76% other (mainly grass, shrub, steep hill country) (1970) Land boundaries: 15 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 455 mi. Religion: 10% Christian, 90% eclectic mixture of local religions Language: Chinese, English Literacy: 75% Labor force (1969 est.): 1.52 million; 40% manufacturing, 28% services, 11% construction, mining, quarrying and utilities, 11% commerce, 5% agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and hunting, 6% communications, 2% other; under- employment is a serious problem Organized labor: 12% of 1969 labor force PEOPLE: Population: 4,026,000, average annual growth rate 2.3% (March 61-71); males 15-49, 1,021,000; 790,000 fit for military service; about 45,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 98% Chinese, 2% other GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Colony of Hong Kong Capital: Victoria Type: U.K. crown colony Political subdivisions: Hong Kong, Kowloon, and New Territories Legal system: English common law Branches: Governor assisted by advisory Executive Council; he legislates with advice and consent of Legislative Council; Urban Council which alone includes elected representatives, responsible for health, recreation, and resettlement; New Territories divided into 4 districts, each presided over by a District Officer advised by a locally elected Rural Committee; independent judiciary Government leader: present Governor and Commander in Chief Sir David Trench is scheduled to be replaced by C. M. MacLehose in late 1971 Suffrage: limited to 200,000 to 300,000 professional or skilled persons Elections: every 2 years to select one-half of elected membership of Urban Council; other Urban Council members appointed by the Governor Political parties and leaders: Civic Association, Hu Pai-fu; Reform Club, B. A. Bernacchi; Socialist Democratic Party, Sun Po-kong; Hong Kong Labour Party, Tang Hon-tsai Voting strength: (elected Urban Council members) Civic Association 4, Reform Club 3, and 1 independent Other political or pressure groups: Federation of Trade Unions (Communist controlled), Hong Kong and Kowloon Trade Union Council (Nationalist Chinese dominated), Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce, Chinese General Chamber of Commerce (Communist controlled), Federation of Hong Kong Industries, Chinese Manufacturers' Association of Hong Kong ECONOMY: GNP: $3.6 billion 1970, $860 per capita Agriculture: agriculture occupies a minor position in the economy; main crops -- rice, vegetables, dairy products; less than 20% self-sufficient; food shortages -- rice, wheat Major industries: textiles and clothing, tourism, plastics, electronics, light metal products, food processing 141 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Shortages: industrial raw materials, water, food Electric power: 1,367,500 kw. capacity (1969); 4 billion kw.-hr. produced (1969), 1,095 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2.5 billion (f.o.b., 1970); including $477 million reexports; principal products clothing, plastic articles, textiles, electrical goods, wigs, footwear, light metal manufactures Imports: $2.9 billion (c.i.f., 1970) Major trade partners: 1970 exports -- U.S. 35%, U.K. 10%, Japan 7%, West Germany 7%; imports -- Japan 24%, China 16%, U.S. 13%, U.K. 9% Monetary conversion rate: HK$6.06=US$l Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 22 mi. standard gage; government owned Highways: 600 mi.; 410 mi. paved, 190 mi. gravel and crushed stone, or earth Freight carried: rail -- 903,180 short tons (FY68) Ports: 1 major Merchant marine: 59 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 489,500 GRT, 728,300 DWT; includes 2 passenger, 38 cargo, 5 tanker, 11 bulk cargo, 2 specialized carrier; ships registered in Hong Kong fly the British flag; over 400 Hong Kong-owned ships are registered elsewhere Civil air: 7 major transport aircraft Airfields: 2 total, 2 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 1 with runway 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is the responsibility of U.K. Approved For Release 20454/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 NIS 1 gApproved For Release 2004/08/31H: CIA AR-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 Y LAND: 35,900 sq. mi.; 60% arable, 14% other agricultural, 16% forested, 10% other (1968) Land boundaries: 1,395 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 10,358,000, average annual growth rate 0.3% (current); males 15-49, 2,651,000; 2,134,000 fit for military service; about 94,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 96.3% Magyar, 2.5% German, 1.2% other Religion: 67.5% Roman Catholic, 20% Calvinist, 5% Lutheran, 7.5% atheist and other Language: 96.2% Magyar, 2.5% German, 1.3% other Literacy: 97% Labor force: 5.0 million; 26% agriculture, 44% industry and building, 30% other nonagricultural GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Hungarian People's Republic Type: Communist state Capital: Budapest Political subdivisions: 19 Megyes (counties), 5 autonomous cities in county status, 113 Jaras (districts) Legal system: based on Communist legal theory, with both civil law system (civil code of 1960) and common law elements; constitution adopted 1949; Supreme Court renders decisions of principle that sometimes have the effect of declaring legislative acts unconstitutional; legal education at Eotvos Lorand Tudomanyegyetem School of Law in Budapest and 2 other schools of law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive -- Presidential Council (elected by Parliament); legislative -- Parliament (elected by direct suffrage); judicial -- Supreme Court (elected by Parliament) Government leaders: Jeno Fock, Chairman, Council of Ministers; Pal Losonczi, President, Presidential Council Suffrage: universal over age 18 Elections: every 4 years Political parties and leaders: Hungarian Socialist (Communist) Workers' Party (sole party); Janos Kadar is First Secretary of Central Committee Voting strength (1967 election): 7,086,596 (99.7%) for Communist-approved candidates; 19,113 (0.3%) negative votes; total eligible electorate about 7.2 million Communists: about 662,000 party members (November 1970) Member of: CEMA, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ILO, ITU, UNESCO, U.N., UPU, Warsaw Pact, WHO ECONOMY: GNP: $15.0 billion in 1970 (at 1969 prices), $1,450 per capita; 1970 growth rate 2.4% Agriculture: normally self-sufficient; main crops -- corn, wheat, potatoes, sugar beets, wine grapes; caloric intake 3,100 calories per day per capita (1966/67) Major industries: mining, metallurgy, engineering industries, processed foods, textiles, chemicals (especially pharmaceuticals) Shortages: metallic ores (except bauxite), copper, high grade coal, forest products Crude steel: 3.11 million metric tons produced (1970), about 300 kg. per capita Electric power: 2,930,000 kw. capacity (1970); 14.5 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,405 kw.-hr. per capita Approved For Release 2004/08/3114lA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Exports: $2,317 million (f.o.b., 1970); 26% machinery, 21% industrial consumer goods, 30% raw materials and semimanufactures, 23% food and raw materials for the food industry (distribution for 1970) Imports: $2,505 million (1970); 22% machinery, 10% industrial consumer goods, 57% raw materials and semimanufactures, 11% food and raw materials for the food industry (distribution for 1970) Major trade partners: $4,822 million (1970); 65% with Communist countries, 35% with non-Communist countries Monetary conversion rate: 11.74 forints=US$l (arbitrary commercial); 30 forints=US$1 (noncommercial) Fiscal year: same as calendar year; economic data reported for calendar years COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 5,948 route mi.; 5,102 mi. standard gage, 824 mi. narrow gage (mostly 2' 5 7/8"), 22 mi. broad gage (5'0"), 685 mi. double track, 486 mi. electrified; government owned (1970) Highways: 18,300 mi.; 7,700 mi. paved, 9,700 mi. crushed stone or gravel, 900 mi. earth (1971) Pipelines: crude oil, 330 mi.; natural gas, over 1,500 mi. Inland waterways: 1,320 mi. (1971) Freight carried: rail -- 125.4 million short tons (1970), 13.2 billion short ton/mi. (1970); highway -- 440 million short tons, 3.7 million short ton/mi. (1970); waterway -- 3.5 million short tons, 1.9 billion short ton/mi. (1970) River ports: 2 principal (Budapest, Dunaujvaros); no maritime ports; outlets are Rostock, East Germany and ports in Poland (1971) Merchant marine: 18 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 33,200 GRT, 44,500 DWT DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, 9.44 billion forints; about 4.8% of total budget Approved For Release 264 /08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 68 Approved For Release 2004/08/1LI4-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 39,750 sq. mi.; arable negligible, 22% meadows and pastures, forested negligible, 78% other (1967) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 4 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi. Coastline: 3,100 mi. Religion: 95% Evangelical Lutheran, 3% other Protestant and Roman Catholic, 2% no affiliation Language: Icelandic Literacy: 99% Labor force: 80,000; 22.6% agriculture, forestry, fishing; 25.6% mining and manufacturing; 10.7% construction; 12.8% commerce; 7.8% transportation and communications; 15.2% services; and 4.0% other; unemployment is insignificant Organized labor: 60% of labor force PEOPLE: Population: 207,000, average annual growth rate 1.1% (December 65-70); males 15-49, 49,000; 41,000 fit for military service (Iceland has no conscription or compulsory military service) Ethnic divisions: homogeneous white population GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Iceland Type: republic Capital: Reykjavik Political subdivisions: 16 districts, 212 rural communes, 14 towns Legal system: civil law system based on Danish law; constitution adopted 1944; legal education at University of Iceland; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: legislative authority rests jointly with President and parliament (Althing); executive power vested in President but exercised by cabinet responsible to parliament; Supreme Court and 26 lower courts Government leaders: President Kristian Eldjarn; Prime Minister Olafur Johannesson Suffrage: universal, over age 20; not compulsory Elections: parliamentary, every 4 years (next in 1975); presidential, every 4 years (next in 1972) Political parties and leaders: Independence (conservative), Johann Hafstein; Progressive, Olafur Johannesson; Social Democratic, Gylfi Gislason; Labor Alliance (Communist front), Ragnar Arnalds; Organization of Liberals, Hannibal Valdimarsson Voting strength (1971 election): 36.2% Independence, 25.2% Progressive, 10.4% Social Democratic, 17.1% Labor Alliance, organization of leftists and liberals 8.9% Communists: 1,000; a number of sympathizers, as indicated by 18,055 votes cast for Labor Alliance in 1971 election Member of: Council of Europe, EFTA, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, NATO, Nordic Council, OECD, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $383 million (1969), $1,860 per capita; 63.2% consumption, 26.8% investment, 10.8% government, -0.8% net foreign balance (1969); 1968 growth rate -5.0%, 1960 constant prices Agriculture: potatoes, turnips, animals, dairy products, hay; food shortages -- grains, sugar, vegetable and other fibers; caloric intake, 2,900 calories per day per capita (1964-66) 145 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Fishing: catch 689,400 metric tons; exports $69.7 million, imports $0.4 million Major industries: fish processing, aluminum smelting, diatomite production Shortages: grain, fuel, wood, minerals, vegetable fibers Electric power: 320,000 kw. capacity (1970); 1,351 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 3,800 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $107.6 million (f.o.b., 1969); fish and fish products, animal oils and fats, aluminum Imports: $123.4 million (c.i.f., 1969); machinery and transportation equipment, petroleum, foodstuffs, textiles Major trade partners: (1969) EFTA 39%, EC 21.5%, U.K. 13.3%, U.S. 18.1%, West Germany 18.6%, U.S.S.R. 8.4%, Communist countries 11.9% Aid: economic -- U.S. authorized (1946-70) $89.3 million, $2.0 million (1968) $2.3 million (1969), none in 1970; IBRD $25.9 million through June 1970, none in 1968, authorized $4.1 million loan in 1970 Monetary conversion rate: 88 kronur=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Ports: 5 major, 55 minor Merchant marine: 23 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 57,700 GRT, 78,900 DWT; includes 1 passenger, 19 cargo, 2 tanker, 1 specialized carrier Civil air: 13 major transport aircraft Airfields: 108 total, 93 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 15 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 5 seaplane stations Telecommunications: adequate domestic service provided by wire telephone and telegraph system which circles island; good international radiocommunica- tion service; 67,973 telephones; 62,000 radiobroadcast receivers; 38,000 TV receivers; main AM and FM station in Reykjavik is relayed by 5 AM, 15 FM, and 32 TV stations; 2 submarine cables 146 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ..:r nr Approved For Release 2004/08/NpIPIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 1,211,000 sq. mi. (includes Indian part of Jammu- Kashmir, Sikkim, Goa, Damao and Diu); 50% arable, 5% permanent meadows and pastures, 20% desert, waste, or urban, 22% forested, 3% inland water (1968) Land boundaries: 8,430 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. (fishing, 12. n. mi.) (100 mi. is fisheries conservation zone, December 1968) Coastline: 3,300 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 556,193,000 (including Sikkim and the Indian-held part of disputed Jammu-Kashmir, and excluding the several million refugees who entered India from East Pakistan during 1971), average annual growth rate 2.2% (March 61-April 71); males 15-49, 133,049,000; 75,640,000 fit for military service; about 6,014,000 reach military age (17) annually Ethnic divisions: 72% Indo-Aryan, 25% Dravidian, 3% Mongoloid and other Religion: 83.5% Hindu, 10.7% Muslim, 1.8% Sikh, 2.5% Christian, .7% Buddhist, .8% other Language: 24 languages spoken by a million or more persons each; numerous other languages and dialects, for the most part mutually unintelligible; Hindi is the national language and primary tongue of 30% of the people; English enjoys "associate" status but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindustani, a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu, is spoken widely throughout northern India Literacy: males 39%; females 18%; both sexes 29% (1971 census) Labor force: about 220 million; 72% agriculture, more than 10% unemployed and underemployed; shortage of skilled labor is significant and unemployment is rising Organized labor: 2.5% to 3% of total labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of India Type: federal republic Capital: New Delhi Political subdivisions: 18 states, 10 union territories, 1 protectorate (Sikkim), 1 substate (Meghalaya) Legal system: based on English common law; constitution adopted 1950; judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: parliamentary government, national and state; independent judiciary Government leader: Prime Minister Indira Gandhi Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: national and state elections ordinarily held every 5 years; may be postponed in emergency and may be held more frequently if government loses confidence vote; next general election to be held by March 1976, several state polls by March 1972 Political parties and leaders: Indian National Congress split into two factions in 1969, largest faction (the Ruling Congress) loyal to Prime Minister Gandhi led by D. Sanjivayya, and smaller faction (the Organization Congress) led by Sadiq Ali; Communist Party of India (CPI), S. A. Dange, general secretary; Communist Party of India/Marxist (CPI/M), P. Sundarayya, general secretary; Communist Party of India/Marxist-Leninist (CPI/ML), Charu Mazumdar, Chairman; Swatantra, N. Dandekar, president (acting); Bharatiya Jana Sangh, A. B. Vajpayee, president; The Socialist Party, Kappori Thakur, chairman; Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK), N. Karunanidhi, president Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : Li11-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT (cstren : Voting strength (1971 election): C4n8/eCPI,15.2% OpI/M;z3t5%nSocialist5 7.4% BharatiYa Jana Sangh, Parties, 3.7% DMK, 18.1% other Communists: 70,000 members of CPI (est.), 70,000 members of CPI/M; Communist sympathizers, 13 million Commonwealth, FAO,UTAEA, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, ILO, Member of: ADB, Colombo Plan, IMCO, IMF, Seabeds ECONOMY: less than $100 per capita; real GNP: $44 billion est. (year ending 31 March 1970), average annual growth (1 April 1966 - 31 March 1970), 3.5% Agriculture: main crops -- rice, other cereals, pulses, oilseeds, cotton, jute, sugarcane, tobacco, tea, and coffee; largely self-sufficient in foodgrains, but caloric intake is still low and diet is deficient in protein $275 million (1969); exports 26.9 million Fishing: catch 1.6 million tons (1970), (1969), imports $61 thousand (1969) Major industries: textiles, food processing Crude steel: 6.1 million metric tons produced d)(15702 Electric power: 16, billion kw.-hr. produced 16,099,000 kw. capacity (1970), 108 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2 billion (f.o.b., FY70); tea, jute manufactures, iron ore, cotton textiles, leather and leather products, iron and steel Imports: $2.2 billion (c.i.f., FY70); machinery and transport equipment, grains and flour Major trade partners: U.S., U.K., U.S.S.R. and Eastern Europe, Japan Monetary conversion rate: 7.5 rupees=US$l Fiscal year: 1 April, stated year - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: 17,462 mi. broad gage, Railroads: 36,188 mi.; 15,628 mi. meter (3'3 3/8") gage, 2,687 mi. (2'6'' and 2'0") narrow gage government owned; 411 mi. 2'6" and 2'0" gage privately owned; 5,555 mi. double track; 1,305 mi. electrified Highways: 604,176 mi.; 101,117 mi. paved, 97,351 gravel or crushed stone, 169,480 improved earth, 236,228 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 8,410 mi.; 1,600 mi. navigable by river steamers Ports: 7 major 53 minor Merchant marine: 244 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,nker532,300 bGRT ulk, and 3,892,000 DWT; includes 3 passenger, 186 cargo, 2 8 specialized carrier Airfields: 609 total, 373 usable; 190 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runway over 12,000 ft., 49 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 140 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 4 seaplane stations Telecommunications: fair domestic telephone service where available in and between major cities; facilities and services diminish in quantity and quality as size of communities decreases and distance between increases; telephone distribution is less than 2 per 1,000 population; telegraph TV limited to Delhi -- New facilities widespread; AM broadcast adequate; Delhi; international telephones and telegraph adequate; 1,159 279 telephones; 11.7 million radio and 24,833 TV sets; AM stations at 70 locations, 1 TV station; submarine cables extend to Malaysia, Ceylon, and Aden DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 March 1972, $1.66 billion; 21% of total budget 148 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 N I S ioo pproved For Release 2004/08%6 ARDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 736,000 sq. mi.; 11% small holdings and estates, 64% for- ests, 25% inland water, waste, urban, and other (1970) Land boundaries: 1,700 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 34,000 mi. Ethnic divisions: 45% Javanese, 14% Sundanese, 7.5% Madurese, 7.5% Coastal Malays, 26% other Religion: 90% Muslim, 4% Christian, 2% Buddhist, 2% Hindu, 2% other Language: Indonesian (modified form of Malay) official; English, and Dutch leading foreign languages Literacy: 60% (est.); 72% in 6-16 age group Labor force: 41 million; 70% agriculture, 15% industry, 15% miscellaneous and unemployed Organized labor: 10% of labor force PEOPLE: Population: 123,979,000 (including West Irian), average annual growth rate 2.5% (FY68); males 15-49, 28,596,000; 16,300,000 fit for military service; about 1,486,000 reach military age (18) annually GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Indonesia Type: republic Capital: Djakarta Political subdivisions: 26 first-level administrative subdivisions or provinces which are further subdivided into 281 second-level areas Legal system: based on Roman-Dutch law, substantially modified by indigenous concepts; constitution of 1945 is legal basis of government; legal education at University of Indonesia, Djakarta; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive headed by President who is chief of state and head of cabinet (president Suharto is concurrently Minister of Defense and Security); cabinet selected by President; unicameral legislature (Parliament); of 460 members (100 appointed, 360 elected) second and larger body (Congress) and 460 other members (chosen by several processes, but not directly elected) includes the legislature of 920 members, elects President and Vice President, and theoretically determines national policy Government leader: President Suharto (elected by Congress March 1968) Suffrage: universal over age 17 and married persons regardless of age Political parties and leaders: Golkar (quasi-official "party" based on functional groups), S. Sokowati; Indonesian National Party (PNI), Mohamad Isnaeni (acting); Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), Idham Chalid; Indonesian Muslim Party (PMI), Mintaredja Voting strength (1971 election): Golkar 236 seats (62.8%), NU 58 seats (18.7%), PNI 20 seats (6.9%), PMI 24 seats (5.4%), PSII 10 seats, Parkindo 7 seats, Catholic 3 seats, Perti 2 seats Communists: Communist Party (PKI) was officially banned in March 1966; current strength est. at 1,000, with less than 10% engaged in organized activity; pre-October 1965 hard core membership has been estimated at 1.5 million Minor legal parties: Catholic Party, Christian Party, Islamic Unity Party (PSII), Association of Supporters of Indonesian Independence (IPKI), Islamic Unity Party (PERTI), Murba Member of: ADB, ASEAN, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, IHB, ILO, IMF, U.N. (resumed membership in September 1966 and is now active in U.N. affiliated organizations), UNESCO 149 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GNP: $9.5 billion (1970), less than $100 per capita; real average annual growth (1965-70) 3% Agriculture: subsistence food production, and smallholder and plantation production for export; main crops -- rice, rubber, copra, other tropical products; substantially self-sufficient; food shortage -- rice Fishing: catch 1.2 million tons (1969); exports $1.5 million (1969), imports $.6 million (1969) Major industries: processing agricultural products and petroleum, textiles, cement, mining Electric power: 960,000 kw. capacity (1969); 2.35 billion kw.-hr. produced (1969), 20 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $1,181 million (f.o.b., 1970); petroleum, rubber, tin, copra, tea, coffee, tobacco, palm oil Imports: $1,145 million (f.o.b., 1970); rice, other foodstuffs, textiles, chemicals, iron and steel products, machinery, transport equipment, consumer durables Major trade partners: exports (1970) -- 16%'U.S., 55% Japan, 4% Singapore, 9% West Germany; imports -- 22% U.S., 55% Japan, 9% West Germany, 13% Singapore Monetary conversion rate: 415 rupiah=US$l Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 4,364 mi.; 3,990 mi. 3'6" gage, 317 mi. 2'5 1/2" gage, 57 mi. 1'11 5/8" gage; 132 mi. double track; 74 mi. electrified; government owned Highways: 57,460 mi.; 12,600 mi. paved, 25,200 mi. gravel or crushed stone, 19,660 mi. improved or unimproved earth Inland waterways: 14,010 mi.; Sumatra 4,000 mi., Java and Madura 510 mi., Borneo 6,500 mi., Celebes 150 mi., and West New Guinea 2,850 mi. Ports: 10 major, 62 minor Merchant marine: 156 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 513,700 GRT, 620,100 DWT; includes 8 passenger, 118 cargo, 16 tanker, 11 bulk, 3 specialized carrier -- includes 1 naval tanker and 5 transports sometimes used commercially; a small proportion of the fleet is in overseas trade; in the interisland fleet over two-thirds are commercially inoperable because of a chronic lack of spare parts and trained personnel Airfields: 330 total, 216 usable; 33 with permanent-surface runways; 8 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 56 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 11 seaplane stations Telecommunications: extensive police net for interisland service; international and domestic service is limited; radiobroadcast coverage adequate but TV available on Java only; 182,319 telephones; 3.2 million radio sets; 90,000 TV sets; AM stations at 53 locations; 1 FM and 5 TV stations; 2 submarine cables to Singapore 150 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 33 Approved For Release 2004/08/IRANVCIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 636,000 sq. mi.; 14% agricultural, 11% forested, 16% cultivable with adequate irrigation, 51% desert, waste, or urban, 8% migratory grazing and other (1968) Land boundaries: 3,305 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 1,580 mi. Ethnic divisions: 63% Ethnic Persians, 3% Kurds, 13% other Iranian, 18% Turkic, 3% Arab and other Semitic, 1% other Religion: 93% Shia Muslim; 5% Sunni Muslim; 2% Zoroastrians, Jews, and Christians Language: Farsi (Persian), Turki, Kurdish, Arabic Literacy: about 30% of those 10 years of age and older Labor force: 7.5 million; 47% agriculture, 53% industry, commerce and services; shortage of skilled labor substantial Organized labor: 1.1% of labor force PEOPLE: Population: 29,912,000, average annual growth rate 2.9% (FY70); males 15-49, 7,052,000; 4,170,000 fit for military service; about 310,000 reach military age (21) annually GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Empire of Iran (becoming obsolete) Type: constitutional monarchy, actually controlled by the Shah Capital: Tehran Political subdivisions: 13 provinces and 6 independent governorates, subdivided into counties, municipalities, and rural districts Legal system: based largely on Belgian law, with elements drawn from other continental systems; personal law based on Islamic practice generally with residual traces of Roman law; constitution adopted 1906 and constitutional law of 1907; High Court of Appeal may judge disputes relating to government departments acting according to law; legal education at University of Teheran; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive power rests in Shah who appoints a Prime Minister; Prime Minister must be approved by lower house (Majlis); while Cabinet theoretically responsibility of Prime Minister, Shah usually exerts strong influence over its selection; bicameral legislature; Majlis has 268 seats (with 2 vacant for islands of the Persian Gulf) elected to 4-year terms, and Senate 60 members serving 4-year terms; half of Senate members appointed by Shah, other half elected; no provision for judicial review of constitutionality of legislative acts Government leaders: Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and Prime Minister Amir Abbas Hoveyda Suffrage: universal over age 20 Elections: Majlis every 4 years; Senate every 4 years; latest national. elections July 1971, district and provincial elections in September 1970 Political parties and leaders: New Iran Party, Manuchehr Kalali; Mardom (Peoples) Party, Alinagi Kani; Iranians Party, Dr. Fazlollah Sadr; Pan Iranist Party, Mohsen Pezeshkpur (apparently moribund) Voting strength (1971 election): Majlis -- New Iran Party, 231 seats; Mardom Party, 36 seats; Iranians Party, 1 seat; Senate -- New Iran Party, 28 seats; Mardom Party, 2 seats; plus 30 seats appointed by the Shah; all candidates government approved Communists: 1,000-2,000 (hard-core, est.); sympathizers (15,000-20,000 est.); mostly pro-U.S.S.R. but pro-Chinese faction developing Approved For Release 2004/08/31 ! CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT (cont'd): Other political or pressure groups: Tudeh Party (Communist, illegal); National Front (coalition of neutralist urban elements virtually discredited because of opposition to Shah's reform program); Confederation of Iranian Students (illegal) Member of: CENTO, Colombo Plan, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, OPEC, RCD, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $10.2 billion (1971 est.), $350 per capita; real GNP growth, FY70-71, 9.4% est. Agriculture: dates, fruit, nuts, vegetables, grains, sugar beets, cotton, gum, rice, sheep, and goats Electric power: 2,842,000 kw. capacity (1970); 12 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 410 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2,360 million (f.o.b., 1970); 89% petroleum; also carpets, raw cotton, fresh and dried fruits, hide and leather items, ores; Communist countries (primarily U.S.S.R.) took about 4.5% of total exports Imports: $1,632 million (c.i.f., 1970); machinery, iron and steel products, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, electrical equipment; Communist countries supplied 12% of commodity imports Major trade partners: exports -- U.K., Japan, U.S., South Africa, U.S.S.R. and other Communist countries; imports -- West Germany, U.S., U.S.S.R., U.K., Japan, Italy, France, Netherlands Monetary conversion rate: 75.75 rials=US$l Fiscal year: 21 March - 20 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,257 mi. mi. 4'8 1/2" gage Highways: 24,309 mi.; 6,524 mi. paved, 10,637 mi. gravel and crushed stone, 7,148 mi. improved earth Inland waterways: 565 mi., not including Caspian Sea and Shatt al Arab Pipelines: crude oil, 2,351 mi.; refined products, 2,241 mi.; natural gas, 1,552 mi. Ports: 7 major, 6 minor Merchant marine: 13 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 129,700 GRT, 187,100 DWT; includes 10 cargo, 3 tanker Civil air: 17 major transport aircraft Airfields: 225 total, 149 usable; 50 with permanent-surface runways; 6 with runways over 12,000 ft., 15 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 50 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: excellent international radiocommunications; good domestic telecommunication facilities; 286,200 telephones; 1.8 million radio and 200,000 TV receivers; 17 AM, 2 FM, and 11 TV stations; satellite earth station DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 20 March 1972, $1,023.0 million; about 22.0% of total budget Approved For Release 2014/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08j/: CIA-RDP79-01051A0004 NIS 30 PEOPLE: average annual grow 200 000 fit population: 9 5-70); males r15-49, 2,219,000; 1, , age (18) annually 7.7% 2.4% Turkomans, 7.7/ (October 65-70); ? Assyria for military service; about1813% reach 0.7~lns, Ethnic divisions: 70.9% Arabs, other Muslim, 8% Christian, 2% other Religion: 90% c, Kurdish minority speaks Kurdish Language: Arabic, 6.7% government, Literacy: 20% to 40% riculture, 6.5% industry, Labor force: 2.4 million; 70% aghigh, but not serious severe causshoow 16.B% other; rural make underemployment to care for unemployed; subsistence levels ma ersonnel of technically trained p Organized labor: 11% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Republic of Iraq 1968 Legal name: Repocparty military regime established in July Type: republic; a ointed officials Capital: Baghdad 16 provinces under centrally pp civil law system rts, Political subdivisions: i review was adopted in 1968; j elsewhere; provisional based religious constitution adoy of Baghdad; suspended; legal education at University ewer since 1968 lutionary coup compulsory ICJ jurisdiction of Iraq has been in p Branches: moderate wing of Ba'th Party Deputy Chairman of the Revo Governmen8d leaders: SaddameTikratan al-Bakr; Comma Suffrage: no elective bodies exist hin 1958 Elections: none since overthrow pressed nanddisorganized major opposition to Communists: Communist Party parties banned, and Nasirist pressure groups: political Communist Party Political or of the Ba'th Party, officers regime is from leftw me IFC, ILO, IMF, ITU, OPEC, disaffected members of the regime and army IAEA, IBRD, groups, FAO, Member of: UNESCOI, League, WHO, WMO U.N. , , LAND: 18% cultivated, 68% desert, waste, or mi.; land, 4% forest 172,000 sq? urban, 10% seasonal and other grazing and woodland mi. Land boundaries: 2,280 WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n? mi. Coastline: 36 mi. th rate 3.2% ECONOMY: $300 per capita largely self-sufficient GNP: $2,693 million in 1969, barley, rice, livestock; Agriculture: dates, wheat, est producer in Middle East) in food crude petroleum (fourth largest reduce (1970), Major industry: (1970); 2 billion kw.-hr. p Electric power: 740,000 kw. capacity 220 kw.-hr. per capita not including oil revenue of $513.3 million f.o.b., 1970), 1969) Exports. $63 million (f 26% from Communist countries (countri c.i.f ? 1970oi -- U.S. 7%, Western Europ ean imports : $509 million (C.i.f., (non oil) 4%, -- U.S. Major trade p es 4%, partners: exp Communist countries countries Arab 44%, Jcountriapan 3% Communist countries 26%, Arab , es 54%, other 20%; imports Western European ccountries 7%, other 16% 153 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 :CONOMY (cont' d) :Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Monetary conversion rate: 1 Iraqi dinar=US$2.80 (freely convertible); 0.357 Iraqi dinar=US$1 Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1,408 mi.; 698 mi. 4'8 1/2" gage, 710 mi. meter (313 3/8") gage; 10 mi. meter gage double track Highways: 12,900 mi.; 4,000 mi. paved; 2,900 mi. crushed stone, gravel, or improved earth; 6,000 mi. earth and sand tracks Inland waterways: 1,950 mi.; Shatt al Arab navigable by maritime traffic for about 80 mi.; Tigris and Euphrates navigable by shallow-draft steamers Ports: 3 major Pipelines: crude oil, 2,860 mi.; 81 mi. refined products; 548 mi. natural gas Merchant marine: 3 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 17,500 GRT, 24,500 DWT Civil air: 6 major transport aircraft Airfields: 162 total, 63 usable; 22 with permanent-surface runways; 31 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 14 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: fair international radiocommunication service; poor domestic telephone and telegraph service; 119,600 telephones; 200,000 radio receivers; 177,000 TV receivers; 4 TV and 4 AM stations 154 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/0NJ1AS:IA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 26,600 sq. mi.; 17% arable, 51% meadows and pastures, 3% forested, 2% inland water, 27% waste and urban (1967) Land boundaries: 224 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 900 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 2,967,000, average annual growth rate 0.5% (FY67-70); males 15-49, 674,000; 530,000 fit for military service; about 28,000 reach military age (17) annually Ethnic divisions: racially homogeneous Celts Religion: 94% Roman Catholic, 4% Episcopalian, 2% other Language: English and Gaelic official; English is generally spoken Literacy: 98%-99% Labor force: about 1,130,000; 28% agriculture, forestry, fishing; 19% manufac turing; 15% commerce; 6% construction; 5% transportation; 4% government; 18% other Organized labor: 36% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Ireland, Eire (Gaelic) Type: republic Capital: Dublin Political subdivisions: 26 counties Legal system: based on English common law, substantially modified by indigenous concepts; constitution adopted 1937; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: elected President; bicameral parliament reflecting proportional and vocational representation; judiciary appointed by President on advice of government Government leader: Taoiseach (Prime Minister) John (Jack) Lynch Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: Dail (lower house) elected every 5 years -- last election June 1969; President elected for 7-year term Political parties and leaders: Fianna Fail, John (Jack) Lynch; Labor Party, Brendan Corish; Fine Gael, Liam Cosgrave; Irish Workers' Party (Communist), Michael O'Riordan Voting strength (1969 election): 75 seats Fianna Fail, 50 seats Fine Gael, 18 seats Labor Party, 10 Independents Communists: approximately 200 Member of: Council of Europe, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $3,950 million (1970 est.), $1,350 per capita; 67.3% consumption, 22.5% investment, 13.9% government; -3.7% net export of goods and services; 1970 real growth rate 1.4% est., 1958 constant prices Agriculture: about 2/3 of agricultural area used for permanent hay and pasture; main products -- livestock and dairy products, barley, potatoes, sugar beets, wheat; 85% self-sufficient; food shortages -- grains, fruits, vegetables; caloric intake 3,450 calories per day per capita (1968) Fishing: catch 66,200 tons, $13.7 million (1969); exports of fish and fish products $6.7 million (1968), imports of fish and fish products $6.2 million (1968) 155 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Major industries: food products, brewing, textiles and clothing, machinery and transportation equipment Shortages: coal, petroleum, timber and woodpulp, steel and nonferrous metals, fertilizers, cereals and animal feeds, textile fibers and textiles Crude steel:.67,000 metric tons produced in 1968, 20 kilograms per capita Electric power: 1,500,000 kw. capacity (1970); 5,652 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,555 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $1,034 million (f.o.b., 1970); live animals, meat, textile products, clothing, machinery, dairy products, chemicals Imports: $1,570 million (c.i.f., 1970); machinery, chemicals, textiles, transportation equipment, petroleum, metal manufactures, cereals Major trade partners: 14.5% EC, 5.4% West Germany, 62.7% EFTA, 58.4% U.K., 8.2% U.S., 1.5% Communist countries (1970) Aid: economic -- U.S., $193 million authorized (FY49-70), no activity (FY55-66), $46.5 million authorized (FY67-70), $14.7 million authorized in FY69, none authorized in FY70; IBRD $14.5 million authorized (FY69), none authorized in FY70 Monetary conversion rate: 1 Irish pound=US$2.40 (official) Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1,332 mi., 5'3" gage; government-owned Highways: 53,700 mi.; 46,950 mi. surfaced, 6,750 mi. earth Inland waterways: approx. 650 mi. Ports: 6 major, 38 minor Merchant marine: 17 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 139,000 GRT, 193,000 DWT; includes 4 cargo, 5 bulk, 3 specialized carrier Civil air: 22 major transport aircraft Airfields: 28 total, 23 usable; 7 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 4 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: small, modern system; all cities interconnected for telephone and telegraph service and broadcast netting; 287,100 telephones; 700,000 radiobroadcast receivers; 438,000 TV receivers; 3 AM, 9 FM, and 20 TV stations; 12 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: formerly from the U.K. primarily, but since 1961 from other European countries Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 March 1970, $38.3 million; about 3.7% of the central government budget 156 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 STAT Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Next 1 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 17 Approved For Release 2004/0813: CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 116,300 sq. mi.; 51% arable, 17% meadow and pasture, 20% forest, 3% unused but potentially productive, 9% inland water, waste, urban (1968) Land boundaries: 1,058 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 6 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 3,105 mi. military service; 407,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: a composite of the Mediterranean, Alpine, Adriatic, and Nordic racial types; Mediterranean type predominates in southern and insular Italy Religion: almost 100% nominally Roman Catholic (de facto state religion) Language: Italian; parts of Trentino-Alto Adige Region (e.g., Bolzano) are predominantly German speaking; significant French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta Region; Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area Literacy: 5-7% of population illiterate (1967); illiteracy varies widely by region Labor force: 19,752,000 (October 1970); 18.9% agriculture, 42.0% industry, 37.2% other, 3.1% unemployed; underemployment, particularly in southern Italy, remains widespread; 1.5 million Italians employed in other Western European countries Organized labor: 20% (est.) of labor force PEOPLE: Population: 4,174,000 average annual growth rate 0.8% (FY61-67); males 15-49, 13,448,000; 11,310,000 fit for GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Italian Republic Type: republic Capital: Rome Political subdivisions: constitution provides for establishment of 20 regions; 5 (Sicilia, Sardegna, Trentino-Alto Adige, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, and Valle d'Aosta) have been created and are functioning; some but not all aspects of enabling legislation providing for remaining 15 regions have been enacted; 93 provinces Legal system: based on civil law system, with ecclesiastical law influence; constitution came into effect 1 January 1948; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive -- President empowered to dissolve Parliament and call national election; he is also Commander of the Armed Forces and presides over the Supreme Defense Council; otherwise, authority to govern invested in Council of Ministers; legislative power invested in bicameral, popularly elected Parliament; Italy has an independent judicial establishment Government leaders: President Giuseppe Saragat; Premier Emilio Colombo Suffrage: universal over age 21 (except in Senatorial elections where minimum age of voter is 25) Elections: national elections for Parliament held every 5 years (most recent, May 1968); provincial and municipal elections held every 5 years with some out of phase; regional elections every 5 years Political parties and leaders: Christian Democratic party (DC), Arnaldo Forlani (party secretary) Emilio Colombo (Premier), Aldo Moro, Amintore Fanfani (Senate President); Communist Party (PCI), Luigi Longo, Enrico Berlinguer; Italian Socialist Party (PSI), Pietro Nenni (ex-party secretary), Francesco De Martino (Vice Premier), Unitary Socialist Party (PSU), Mauro Ferri (party Approved For Release 2004/08/31159 CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Political parties and leaders (cont'd): pSIUP), Tullio Vecchietti, secretary); Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity Liberal Party (PLI), Giovanni Malagodi; Italian Social Movement (MSI), Giorgio Almirante; Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity (PDIUM), Alfredo Covelli; Republican Party (PRI), Ugo La Malfa Voting strength (1968 election): 39.1% DC, 26.9% PCI, 14.5% PSI, 5.8% PLI, 4.5% PSIUP, 4.5% MSI, 2% PRI, 1.3% PDIUM, 1.4% other Communists: 1,500,000 members; number of sympathizers cannot be determined Other political or pressure groups: the Vatican, whose influence on the Christian Democratic party is important factor in that party's policies; three major trade union confederations (CGIL -- Communist dominated, CISL -- Christian Democratic, and UIL -- Social Democratic and Republican); Italian manufac- turers association (Confindustria); organized farm groups BLO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, NATO, Member of: UNESCO, UPU, EA WHO, H WMO Seabeds Committee, ECONOMY: GNP: $93.2 billion (1970), $1,740 per capita; 63.9% consumption, 22.7% investment, 12.7% government, net foreign balance 0.7% (1970); 1970 provisional growth rate 5.1%, 1963 constant prices Agriculture: important producer of fruits and vegetables; main crops -- cereals, potatoes, olives; 95% self-sufficient; food shortages -- fats, meat, fish, and eggs; caloric intake, 3,100 calories per capita (1970) Fishing: catch 353,100 metric tons (1969), $196,558,000 (1969); exports $8,142,000 (1969), imports $131,715,000 (1969) Major industries: machinery and transportation-equipment, iron and steel, chemicals, food processing, textiles Shortages: coal, fuels, minerals Crude steel: 17.3 million metric tons produced (1970), 320 kilograms per capita Electric power: 33 million kw. capacity (1970); 115,600 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 2,200 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $13.2 billion (f.o.b., 1970); principal items -- machinery and transport equipment, textiles, foodstuffs, chemicals Imports: $14.8 billion (c.i.f., 1970); principal items -- machinery and transport equipment, foodstuffs, ferrous and nonferrous metals, wool, cotton Major 4% trade Belgium-Luxembourg, Netherlands a3% Switzerland; 6% Communist countries Aid: economic -- U.S., $3,893 million (FY46-70), $121.8 million authorized FY ; IBRD, $398 million authorized through FY68, none since FY65; International Finance Corporation, $1 million authorized through FY67, none since FY60; military -- U.S., $2,466 million (FY46-69), $62.4 million authorized in FY68 (Export-Import Bank credits), none in FY69 Monetary conversion rate: 625 lira=US$l (official); as of 30 September 1971 the actual rate was 612 lira=US$l Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: 1 490 mi. 3'l 3/8" gage, 2,860 Railroads: 12,890 mi.; 11,390 mi. 4'8 1/2" gage, , mi. double track 4' 8 1/2" gage, 120 mi. double track 3' 1 3/8" gage, 5,712 mi. electrified 4' 8 1/2" gage, 320 mi. electrified 3' 1 3/8" gage Highways: 126,500 mi.; state highways 25,985 mi., provincial highways 45,850 mi., communal highways 54,665 mi.; 60,200 mi. concrete, bituminous, or stone block, 66,300 mi. gravel and crushed stone Inland waterways: 2,547 mi. navigable routes; 1,180 mi. are rivers and canals, 1,367 mi. are lake routes Pipelines: crude oil, 1,100 mi.; refined products, 655 mi.; natural gas, 3,600 mi. Ports: 16 major, 148 minor 160 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved Fqr Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A0?~401q"2-10,303,200 COMMUNICATIONS (cont d : 1 000 GRT or over) totaling 7,U es664 passenger, 243 cargo, 164 tanker, 122 bulk, 53 specialized MerchDWTt marine carrier 2 with Civil air: 130 major transport aircraft permanent-surface runways; Airfields: 227 total, 151 usable; 81 with p 49 with rnunways over 12,000 ft., 24 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., runways evision 4,000-7,999 ft.; 11 seaplane stations e Telecommunications: well engineered,2e5lmconitru tedi, aand nd 9.6 6illion to el as receivers; 8.53 million telephones; 1 with ndrostation a ter receivers; 68 AM, 16FM, communication stations, satellite grou stations; 9 submarine DEFENSE FORCES: 31 December 1971, $2.65 billion; about Military budget: for fiscal year ending 12% of central government budget 161 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 50K Approved For Release 2004 1COIMA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 125,000 sq. mi.; 40% forest and woodland, 8% cultivated, 52% grazing, fallow, and waste, 200 mi. of lagoons and connecting canals along eastern coast (1970) Land boundaries: 2,005 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 320 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 4,471,000, average annual growth rate 2.5% (current); males 15-49, 1,521,000; 455,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: 7 major indigenous ethnic groups; no single tribe more than 15% of population; most important are Agni, Baoule, Krou, Senoufou, Mandingo; approx. 1 million foreign Africans, mostly Voltaics; about 33,000 non-Africans (25,000 French) Religion: 67% animist, 22% Muslim, 11% Christian Language: French official, over 60 native dialects, Dioula most widely spoken Literacy: about 20% Labor force: over 85% of population engaged in agriculture, forestry, livestock raising;"about 11% of labor force are wage earners, nearly half in agricul- ture, remainder in government, industry, commerce, and professions Organized labor: 20% of wage labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Ivory Coast Type: republic, one-party presidential regime Capital: Abidjan Political subdivisions: 6 departments subdivided into 127 subprefectures Legal system: based on French civil law system and customary law; constitution adopted 1960, amended 1963; judicial review in the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court; legal education at Abidjan School of Law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: President has sweeping powers, unicameral legislature, separate judiciary Government leader: President Felix Houphouet-Boigny Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: uncontested Presidential and legislative elections held in November 1965; similar elections held November 1970 Political parties and leaders: Parti Democratique de la Cote d'Ivoire (PDCI), (only party); official party leader is Secretary General Philippe Yace, but Houphouet-Boigny is in control Communists: no Communist party; some Communists and probably some sympathizers Member of: EAMA, Entente, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, OAU, OCAM, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $1.5 billion (1970), $350 per capita (1970); average annual growth rate 1960-670, 8% Agriculture: commercial -- coffee, wood, cocoa, bananas, pineapples, palm oil; food crops -- corn, millet, yams, rice; other commodities -- cotton, rubber, tobacco, fish; self-sufficient in most foodstuffs, but rice, sugar, and meat imported Fishing: catch 70,000 tons (1970), $12.7 million (1969); exports. $1.6 million (1969), imports $1.9 million (1969) 163 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Major industries: food and lumber processing, oil refinery, automobile assembly plant, texiltes, soap, flour mill, matches, three small shipyards Electric power: 180,000 kw. capacity (1970); 540 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 128 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $470 million (f.o.b., 1970); coffee, tropical woods, cocoa, 76% of total; bananas, pineapples, palm oil Imports: $389 million (c.i.f., 1970); consumer goods 44%, raw materials and fuels 8%, manufactured goods and semi-finished products, 48% Major trade partners: France and other EC countries about 65%, U.S. 13%, Communist countries about 1% Aid: economic -- France (1960-69) $312 million; EC $123 million, including 1971 commitments; U.S. (FY61-70), $85.6 million; others (1960-71), $76 million, including $18.5 million comitted; no Communist aid programs military -- non-Communist countries, $7.3 million (1954-67) Monetary conversion rate: 1 Communaute Financiere Africaine franc=0.02 French francs (prior to 13 August 1971, 277 CFA francs=US$1) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 408 mi. of the 728 mi. Abidjan to Ouagadougou, Upper Volta line, all single track meter gage; only diesel locomotives in use Highways: 24,600 mi.; 800 mi. bituminous and bituminous-surface treatment; 11,200 mi. gravel, crushed stone, laterite, and improved earth; 12,600 mi. unimproved earth roads Inland waterways: 460 mi. navigable rivers and numerous coastal lagoons Ports: 2 major, 3 minor Merchant marine: 11 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 79,100 GRT, 122,800 DWT Civil air: 15 major transport aircraft Airfields: 49 total, 43 usable; 3 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 6 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: system only slightly above African average; consists of open-wire lines and radio relay links, which provide incomplete coverage of country; Abidjan is only center; 24,800 telephones; 75,000 radio and 10,500 TV receivers; 3 AM, no FM, and 4 TV stations; 2 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on France Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $18,550,000; about 4.9% of total budget 164 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 81 C Approved For Release 2004/08/31p; tAARDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 4,410 sq. mi.; 21% arable, 23% meadows and pastures, 19% forested, 37% waste, urban, or other (1964) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi: Coastline: 635 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 1,909,000, average annual growth rate 1.5% (April 60-70); males 15-49, 401,000 270,000 fit for military service; no conscription; average number currently reaching minimum volunteer age (18) 22,000 Ethnic divisions: African 76.3%, Afro-European 15.1%, European 0.8%, Chinese and Afro-Chinese 1.2%, East Indian and Afro-East Indian 3.4%, other 3.2% Religion: predominantly Protestant, some Roman Catholic (12%), some spiritualist cults Language: English Literacy: Ministry of Education estimates between 43% and 57% of adult population truly literate Labor force: about 687,000; 33% in agriculture, 1% forestry and fishing, 13% manufacturing, 7% construction, 8% commerce, 2% transportation and communi- cations, 13% services, 23% unaccounted for; 16% to 18% (est.) unemployed (seasonal unemployment in agriculture can push the unemployment figure to 25%); shortage of technical and managerial personnel Organized labor: about 25% of labor force (1966) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Jamaica Type: independent state within Commonwealth since August 1962, recognizing Elizabeth II as head of state Capital: Kingston Political subdivisions: 12 parishes and the Kingston-St. Andrew corporate area Legal system: based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: cabinet headed by Prime Minister; 53-member elected House of Represent- atives; 21-member Senate (13 nominated by the Prime Minister, 8 by opposition leader); judiciary follows British tradition under a Chief Justice Government leader: Prime Minister Hugh Shearer Suffrage: universal, age 21 and over Elections: at discretion of Governor-General upon advice of Prime Minister but within 5 years; latest held 21 February 1967 Political parties and leaders: Jamaica Labor Party (JLP), Sir Alexander Bustamante, Hugh Shearer; People's National Party (PNP), Michael Manley Voting strength (1969 local elections): 48.59% JLP, 51.54% PNP, 0.24% other Communists: a few hundred Marxist and Communist sympathizers Other political or pressure groups: New World Group (Caribbean regionalists, nationalists, and leftist intellectual fraternity); Rastafarians (Negro religious/racial cultists, pan-Africanists); New Creation International Peacemakers Tabernacle (leftist group) Member of: CARIFTA, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IFC, ILO, IMF, OAS, Pan American Health Organization, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N.; wishes to gain Associated Overseas Territory status with EC if U.K. joins 165 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: million (1970), $590 per capita; real growth rate pimento, GNP: $1,177.6 coconuts, Agriculture: main crops -- sugarcane, citrus fruits, bananas, , p p coffee, cocoa Major industries: bauxite, textiles, food Op rocejsing27lightlmanufacture5, tourism kw.-h. ced Electric ower: 550,000 kw. capacity (1969 , 650 kw.-hr. per capita bananas, citrus bauxite, sugar, Exports: $340 million (f.o.b., 1970); alumina, fruits and fruit products, rum, cocoa transportation and electrical Imports: $522 million (c.i.f., 1970); machinery, equipment, food, fuels, fertilizer Major trade partners: exports -- U.S. 52%, U.K. 16%, Canada 8%, Norway 8%; imports -- U.S. 43%, U.K. 19%, Canada 9% (1970) Aid: $43.2 million in loans; (AID economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY56-70), $43$4 on ii grants (A (AID $10.7 million, Import-Export Bank $32.5 million), technical assistance $14.2 million, Food for Freedom $24.2 million); from international organizations (FY46-70), $55.6 million; from other Western countries (FY46-69), $54.0 million; $1.1 million military -- assistance from U.S. (FY63-70), Monetary conversion rate: 1 Jamaican dollar=US$1.20 Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 204 mi. government-owned, 50 mi. privately owned, all standard gage, single track Highways: 7,100 mi.; 1,200 mi. paved, 4,400 mi. gravel, 1,500 mi. unimproved earth surfaces Pipelines: refined products, 6 mi. Ports: 1 major, 11 minor Merchant marine: 2 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 11,900 GRT, 10,500 DWT Civil air: 3 major transport aircraft Airfields: 47 total, 35 usable; 11 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with run- way 8,000-11,999 ft., 2 with runway 4,000-7,999 ft.; 3 seaplane stations Telecommunications: fully automatic domestic telephone network with 66,700 telephones; intraisland VHF network; satellite ground station under construction to be operational in 1971; 500,000 radio and 70,000 TV receivers; 8 AM, 5 FM, and 8 TV stations; 5 submarine cables, including 2 coaxial, with third coaxial being laid and expected to be completed about the end of 1971 DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on U.K. and U.S. Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 March 1970, $5 million; about 2.0% of central government budget 166 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 STAT Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Next 1 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/0F RIAPIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 NOTE: The war between Israel and the Arab states in June 1967 ended with Israel in control of West Jordan. Although approx. 930,000 persons resided in this area prior to the start of the war, fewer than 750,000 of them remain there under the Israeli occupation, the remainder having fled to East Jordan. Over 14,000 of those who fled were repatriated in August 1967, but their return has been more than offset by other Arabs who have crossed and are. continuing to cross from West to East Jordan. These and certain other effects of the Arab-Israeli war are not included in the data below. LAND: 37,100 sq. mi. (including about 2,100 sq. mi. occupied by Israel); 11% agricultural, 88% desert, waste, or urban, 1% forested (1964) Land boundaries: 1,141 mi. (1967, 1,037 mi. excluding occupied areas) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi Coastline: 16 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 2,443,000, average annual growth rate 3.9% (FY67-69); males 15-49, 571,000; 435,000 fit for military service; average number currently reaching military age (18) annually 25,000 Ethnic divisions: 97% Arab, 2% Circassian, 1% Armenian Religion: 94% Sunni Muslim, 6% Christian Language: Arabic official, English widely understood among upper and middle classes Literacy: 33% West Jordan, 32% East Jordan Labor force: 434,000; 33% unemployed Organized labor: 5% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: 'Amman Political subdivisions: 8 districts (3 are under Israeli occupation) under centrally appointed officials Legal system: based on Islamic law and French codes; constitution adopted 1952; judicial review of legislative acts in a specially provided High Tribunal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive branch holds balance of power; King is effective ruler with Prime Minister exercising executive authority in name of King; Cabinet appointed by King and responsible to parliament; bicameral parliament with Chamber of Deputies chosen by national elections, Senate appointed by King; each house contains equal representation from East and West Jordan; present parliament subservient to executive as a result of rigged elections (April 1967); secular court system based on differing legal systems of the former Transjordan and Palestine; law Western in concept and structure; Sharia (religious) courts for Muslims, and religious community council courts for non-Muslim communities; desert police carry out quasi-judicial functions in desert areas Government leader: King Husayn ibn Talal al-Hashimi Suffrage: male citizens over age 20 Political parties and leaders: political party activity illegal since 1957; Palestine Liberation Organization and Fatah, Yasir Arafat; various smaller fedayeen groups; Ba'th Party of Jordan, Dr. Mun'if Razzaz; National Socialist Party, Sulayman al-Nabulusi; Communist Party actively repressed; Muslim Brethren 169 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Member of: Arab League, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, ILO, IMF, ITU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $648 million (1969), $270 per capita Agriculture: main crops -- cereals, fruits, vegetables, olive oil; not self- sufficient in many foodstuffs Major industries: phosphate mining, petroleum refining, and cement Electric power: 61,800 kw. capacity (1970); 140 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 60 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $34 million (f.o.b., 1970); major items -- fruits and vegetables, phosphate rock; Communist share 9% of total (1970) Imports: $183 million (c.i.f., 1970); major items -- petroleum products, textiles, capital goods, motor vehicles, foodstuffs; Communist share 16% of total (1970) Aid: economic -- U.S., $601 million economic assistance (FY51-70), of which $31 million loans, $570 million grants; military -- $184 million total from U.S. (July 1949-March 1971) including $72 million in MAP grants Monetary conversion rate: 1 Jordanian dinar=US$2.80, freely convertible; 0.357 Jordanian dinar=US$l Fiscal year: 1 January - 31 December COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 230 mi. 3'5 3/8" gage, single track Highways: 3,971 mi.; 3,210 mi. bituminous, 224 mi. improved, 537 unimproved earth (these mileages include approximately 670 mi. -- mostly bituminous -- of Jordanian territory held by Israel) Pipelines: crude oil, 168 mi. Ports: 1 major Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft Airfields: 51 total, 16 usable; 9 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway over 12,000 ft., 9 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 3 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: adequate telecommunication system for the needs of the country; 34,500 telephones; 170,000 radio and 55,000 TV receivers; 1 AM and 2 TV stations; earth satellite station under construction DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on outside sources; U.S., U.K., France, and West Germany principal suppliers of military equipment Approved For Release' 804/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 56D Approved For Release 2004/084yjCIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 225,000 sq. mi.; about 21% forest and woodland, 13% suitable for agriculture, 66% mainly grassland adequate for grazing (1970) Land boundaries: 2,093 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 333 mi. Ethnic divisions: 97% native African (including Bantu, Nilotic, Hamitic and Nilo-Hamitic); 3% European, Asian, and Arab Religion: 56% Christian, 36% animist, 7% Muslim, 1% Hindu Language: English and Swahili official; each tribe has own language Literacy: 20% to 25% Labor force: 2.5 million; about 977,000, (39%) in monetary economy (1967) Organized labor: about 215,000 PEOPLE: Population: 11,711,000, average annual growth rate 2.9% (FY69); males 15-49, 2,610,000; 1,270,000 fit for military service; no conscription GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Kenya Type: republic within Commonwealth since December 1963 Capital: Nairobi Political subdivisions: 7 provinces plus Nairobi Area Legal system: based on English common law, tribal law and Islamic law; constitution enacted 1963; judicial review in Supreme Court; legal education at University Kenya School of Law in Nairobi; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: President and Cabinet responsible to unicameral legislature (National Assembly) of 170 seats, 158 directly elected by constituencies and 12 specially elected by the Assembly; Assembly must be reelected at least every 5 years; High Court, with Chief Justice and at least 11 justices, has unlimited original jurisdiction to hear and determine any civil or criminal proceeding; provision for systems of courts of appeal with ultimate appeal to East African Court of Appeals Government leader: President Jomo Kenyatta Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: general election (December 1969) elected present National Assembly Political party and leaders: Kenyan African National Union (KANU), president - Jomo Kenyatta Voting strength: KANU controls National Assembly; holds all seats Communists: may be a few Communists and sympathizers Member of: EAC, IAEA, ICAO, OAU, Seabeds Committee, U.N. ECONOMY: GNP: $1.33 billion (1969), $120 per capita; 6.3% real growth per year between 1964 and 1969 Agriculture: main cash crops -- coffee, sisal, tea, pyrethrum, cotton, livestock; food crops -- corn, wheat, rice, cassava; largely self-sufficient in food Fishing: catch 31,900 tons, $3,424,000; exports $230,000, imports $1,097,000 Major industries: small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles, soap, agricultural processing, cigarettes, flour), oil refining, cement Electric power: 153,000 kw. capacity (1970); 402 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 38 kw.-hr. per capita 171 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Exports: $250.2 million (f.o.b., 1969); coffee, tea, livestock products, pyrethrum, soda ash, wattle-bark tanning extract Imports: $338.6 million (c.i.f., 1969); machinery, transport equipment, crude oil, paper and paper products, iron and steel products, and textiles Major trade partners: U.K. and EC, also Uganda and Tanzania, which are part of East African Economic Community Monetary conversion rate: 1 Kenya shilling=US$0.14 (official); 7.143 Kenya shillings=US$1 Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1,275 mi.; meter gage Highways: 26,970 mi.; 1,532 mi. paved, 8,849 mi. gravel or improved earth, about 16,589 mi. unimproved or tracks Inland waterways: part of Lake Victoria and Lake Rudolph are within boundaries of Kenya Ports: 1 major, 3 minor Merchant marine: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 16,200 GRT, 25,300 DWT; includes 3 cargo, 2 tanker, 1 specialized carrier Civil air: 10 major transport aircraft Airfields: 258 total, 202 usable; 5 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway over 12,000 ft., 1 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 43 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 3 seaplane stations Telecommunications: in top group of African systems; consists of radio-relay links, open-wire lines, and radiocommunication stations; principal center Nairobi, secondary centers Mombasa and Nakuru; 72,300 telephones; 774,000 radio and 16,400 TV receivers; 5 AM, 2 FM, and 3 TV stations; 2 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on U.K. Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June 1971, $6,392,000; about 5.0% of ordinary budget Approved For Release 2b0'4/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ~'Tr Al A Approved For Release 20011/ 1 N(PIpgy-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 47,000 sq. mi.; 17% arable and cultivated, 74% in forest, scrub, and brush; remainder wasteland and urban (1971) Land boundaries: 1,040 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 1,550 mi. Ethnic divisions: racia y omog Religion: Buddhism and Confucianism; religious activities now almost nonexistent Language: Korean Literacy: 90% (est.) Labor force: 5.7 million; 50% agriculture, 50% industry; shortage of skilled and unskilled labor PEOPLE: Population: 14,765,000, average annual growth rate 2.8% (current); males 15-49, 3,260,000; 1,935,000 fit for military service; 164,000 reach military age (18) annually 11 h eneous GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Democratic People's Republic of Korea Type: Communist state; one-man rule Capital: Pyongyang Political subdivisions: 9 provinces, 3 special cities (P'yongyang, Hamhung, Ch'ongjin), and 1 special district (Kaesong) Legal system: based on German civil law system with Japanese influences and Communist legal theory; constitution adopted 1948; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: constitution provides for a Supreme People's Assembly (SPA), with provincial government under complete control of central authorities Government and party leaders: Kim II-song, Premier and General Secretary of the Korean Labor Party Suffrage: universal at age 18 Elections: election to SPA every 4 years, but this constitutional provision not necessarily followed -- last election (November 1967), with claimed 100% of electorate voting for official slate Political party: Korean Labor (Communist) Party; claimed membership of about 1.6 million, or about 12% of population Member of: no international bodies ECONOMY: GNP: roughly $300 per capita (1970) Agriculture: main crops -- rice, corn, vegetables; food shortages -- meat, cooking oils; production of foodstuffs adequate for domestic needs at low levels of consumption Major industries: machine building, electric power, chemicals, mining, metallurgy, textiles Shortages: heavy machinery and equipment, bituminous and coking coal, petroleum, rubber Crude steel: 2.2 million metric tons produced (1970), about 160 kilograms per capita Exports: minerals, chemical and metallurgical products Imports: machinery and equipment, petroleum, foodstuffs, coking coal Major trade partners: total trade turnover about $680 million (1970); 17% with non-Communist countries, 83% with Communist countries (55% with the U.S.S.R.) 173 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Monetary conversion rate: 2.57 won=US$1 (noncommercial), 1.20 won=US$1 (commercial) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,818 route mi. operating in 1968; 2,137 mi. standard gage, 681 mi. 2'6" narrow gage; 99 mi. double tracked; about 588 mi. electrified; government owned Highways: about 12,600 mi., 95% gravel or earth surface Inland waterways: 1,400 mi.; mostly navigable by small craft only Freight carried (1969): rail -- 13 billion metric ton/kffi., 62 million metric tons; highway -- 765 million metric ton/km., 116 million metric tons; waterway -- 540 million metric ton/km., 7.7 million metric tons; coastal -- 170 million metric ton/km., 0.4 million metric tons Ports: 6 major, 26 minor Merchant marine: 7 cargo ships (1,000 GRT and over) totaling 23,200 GRT, 28,600 DWT; additionally 6 refrigerated ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 34,600 GRT, 28,700 DWT are subordinate to the fishing fleet DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, announced at 2,051,040,000 won; 28% of total budget (converted at 2.57 won=US$1) Approved For Release 16t4/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 41 B Approved For Release 2004/90 1 :S I RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 38,000 sq. mi.; 23% arable (22% cultivated), 10% urban and other, 67% forested (1968) Land boundaries: 150 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 1,550 mi. Ethnic divisions: homogeneous; small Chinese minority (approx. 20,000) Religion: strong Confucian tradition; pervasive folk religion (Shamanism); vigorous Christian minority (5.5% of population); Buddhism (including estimated 20,000 members of Soka Gakkai); Chondokyo (religion of the heavenly way), eclectic religion with nationalist overtones founded in 19th century, claims about 1.5 million adherents Language: Korean Literacy: about 90% Labor force: about 10.0 million (1970); 48.3% agriculture, fishing, forestry, 30.0% services, 13.6% mining and manufacturing, 2.8% construction, 4.5% unemployed Organized labor: about 10% of nonagricultural labor force PEOPLE: Population: 32,219,000, average annual growth rate 1.9% (October 66-70); males 15-49, 7,773,000; 4,920,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (18) annually 338,000 GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Korea Type: republic; power centralized in a strong executive Capital: Seoul Political subdivisions: 9 provinces, 2 special cities; heads centrally appointed Legal system: combines elements of continental European civil law systems, Anglo-American law, and Chinese classical thought; constitution approved 1962; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive, legislative (unicameral), and judiciary Government leaders: President Pak Chong-hui; Prime Minister Kim Chong-pil Suffrage: universal over age 20 Elections: presidential and National Assembly elections must be held every 4 years; National Assembly elections due about 1 month after Presidential elections; last elections held in April and May 1971 respectively Principal political parties and leaders: Democratic Republican Party, Pak Chong-hui; New Democratic Party, Kim Hong-il Voting strength: April 1971 presidential election -- Democratic ~epublican Party, 51.1%; New Democratic Party, 43.4%; minor parties, 1.5%; invalid, 4.0% June 1971 National Assembly elections -- Democratic Republican Party, 49%; New Democratic Party, 44%; minor parties, 3.0%; invalid 2.0% composition of legislature (25 May 1971) -- Democratic Republican Party, 113 seats; New Democratic Party, 89 seats; Peoples' Party, l seat; Nationalist Party, 1 seat Other political or pressure groups: Federation of Korean Trade Unions; Korean Veterans' Association; large volatile student population concentrated in Seoul Member of: ADB, Asian Parliamentary Union, Asian People's Anti-Communist League (APACL), ASPAC, Colombo Plan, ECAFE, FAO, GATT, Geneva Conventions of 1949 for the protection of war victims, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, IMCO, IMF, INTELSAT, Inter-Parliamentary Union, INTERPOL, ITU, UNESCO, U.N. Special Fund, UPU, WHO, WMO, World Anti-Communist League (WACL); does not hold U.N. membership Approved For Release 2004/08/311 i~IA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GNP: $8.1 billion (1970), $250 per capita; real growth 9% (1965-70) Agriculture: 50% of the population live on the land, but agriculture constitutes 27% GNP; main crops -- rice, barley, wheat; not self-sufficient; food shortages -- barley, wheat, dairy products, rice, corn Fishing: Catch 852,000 tons, $172 million (1969) Major industries: textiles and clothing, food processing, chemical fertilizers, chemicals, plywood, coal Shortages: base metals, fertilizer, petroleum, lumber and certain food grains Electric power: 1,794,000 kw. capacity (1968); 8.1 billion kw.-hr. produced (1969), 250 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $835 million (f.o.b., 1970); clothing and textiles, veneer and plywood, silk, wigs Imports: $1,984 million (c.i.f., 1970) Major trade partners: 1970 exports -- U.S. 47%, Japan 28%; imports -- Japan 41%, U.S. 29% Aid: economic -- U.S. (FY46-70), $5.1 billion committed; Japan (1965-70), $580 million extended; military -- U.S. (FY46-70), $3.6 billion committed Monetary conversion rate: 310 won=US$l (floating-rate average value in 1970), 370 won=US$l by end of June 1971 Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1,964 mi.; 1,887 mi. standard gage, 77 mi. (2'6") narrow gage; 280 mi. double track; government owned Highways: 25,340 mi.; 1,600 mi. paved, 16,140 mi. gravel, 4,000 mi. improved earth, 3,600 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 1,000 mi.; use restricted to small native craft Freight carried: rail (1963) 2,708.2 million short ton/mi., 19.8 million short tons; highway (1963) 21.9 million short tons; air (1959) 796,260 lbs. carried Pipelines: 255 mi., refined products, under construction Ports: 10 major, 10 minor Merchant marine: 116 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 886,000 GRT, 1,455,800 DWT; includes 81 cargo, 19 tanker, 12 bulk, 4 specialized carriers Airfields: 257 total, 125 usable; 47 with permanent-surface runways; 8 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 17 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations 176 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31: CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 KUWAI LAND: 6,200 sq. mi. (excluding neutral zone but including islands); insignificant amount forested; nearly all desert, waste, or urban (1969) Land boundaries: 285 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 310 mi. e v fit for military s Ethnic divisions: 87% Arabs, 12% Iranians, Indians, and Pakistani, 1% other Religion: 95% Muslim, 5% Christian, Hindu, Parsi, other Language: Arabic; English commonly used foreign language Literacy: about 55% (1965) Labor force: 250,000 (1969); 9% manufacturing, 16% construction, 45% services, 13% commerce Organized labor: labor unions, first authorized in 1964., formed in oil industry and among government personnel PEOPLE: Population: 857,000, average annual growth rate 9.4% (April 65-70); males 15-49, about 292,000; about 160,000 ice GOVERNMENT: Legal name: State of Kuwait Type: nominal constitutional monarchy Capital: Al Kuwayt Political subdivisions: 3 governates, 10 voting constituencies Legal system: based on Islamic law in personal matters, civil law system with Islamic law significant in personal matters; constitution adopted 1962; judicial review of legislative acts not yet determined; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: Council of Ministers; National Assembly Government leader: Amir Sabah Al Salim Al Sabah Suffrage: native born and naturalized males over age 21 Elections: held every 4 years for National Assembly; last held January 1971 Communists: insignificant Member of: Arab League, FAO, FUND, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, ILO, IMCO, ITU, OPEC, OAPEC, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: Agriculture: virtually none, dependent on imports for food; approx. 75% of potable water must be distilled or imported Major industries: crude petroleum production averaging\2.99 million b.p.d. (includes Kuwait's share of neutral zone) (1970); government revenues from taxes and royalties on production, refining, and consumption was $850 million in FY69; refinery capacity est. at 504,000 bbls. per day (1970); other major industries include fishing, processing of building materials, fertilizers, chemicals, and flour Electric power: 838,000 kw. capacity (1970); 1,670 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 2,140 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $1.6 billion (1968), of which petroleum accounted for 98%; nonpetroleum exports are mostly reexports and totaled $58 million (1969) Imports: $646 million (1969); major suppliers -- U.S., Japan, U.K., West Germany Aid: $50 million loan from Export-Import Bank, 1967; $2.6 million from international organizations (FY63-70); extended about $50 million in credits to other Arab nations from 1961 to January 1969 Monetary conversion rate: 1 Kuwaiti dinar=US$2.80 (freely convertible) Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March 177 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Railroads: none Pipelines: crude oil, 254 mi.; refined products, 27 mi.; natural gas, 74 mi. Ports: 2 major, 1 minor Merchant marine: 30 ships (1,000 GRT or over), totaling 593,900 GRT, 1,013,100 DWT; includes 22 cargo, 6 tankers, 2 specialized carrier Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft Airfields: 13 total, 4 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 1 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: excellent international radiocommunications; adequate domestic telecommunication facilities; 58,000 telephones; 105,000 radio and 100,000 TV sets; 3 AM and 3 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on U.K. Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 March 1972, $86,800,000; about 11.7% of total budget 178 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/L3AOrCIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 91,430 sq. mi.; 7% agri-cultural, 60% forests, 33% urban, waste, and other; except in very limited areas, soil is very poor; most of forested area is not exploitable (May 1969, est.) Land boundaries: 2,700 mi. Yao, and other age specified Ethnic divisions: 47% Lao; 14% Tai; 25% Phoutheng (Kha), Meo, Religion: 50% Buddhist, 50% animist and other Language: Lao official, French predominant foreign language also used in administration Literacy: about 12% Labor force: about 1,268,000; 80%-90% agriculture; 159,286 engaged in manufacturing and services; 11,864 government employees Organized. labor: only civil servants are organized PEOPLE: Population: 3,069,000, average annual growth rate 2.4% (FY70); males 15-49, 733,000; 390,000 fit for military service; average number currently reaching usual military age (18) annually, 33,000; no conscription GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Laos Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: Vientiane (Louangphrabang royal capital) Political subdivisions: 16 provinces subdivided into districts, cantons, and villages Legal system: based on civil law system; constitution of 1947 superseded by international agreements of 1962 and subsequent events; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: King, 59-member National Assembly, 12-member King's Council; provisional coalition government formally composed of 3 "tendencies" -- neutralists, Communists, rightists -- but Communists not participating Government leaders: King Savang Vatthana; Premier Souvanna Phouma, neutralist; Deputy Premier Prince Souphanouvong, Communist (absent); Deputy Premier Leuam Insisiengmay, rightist Suffrage: universal over age 18 Elections: National Assembly designated by King; general election last held in 1967, assembly election scheduled for January 1972 Political parties and leaders: Neo Lao Hak Sat, Communist-front organization which includes the Lao People's Party (Communist), only party active Communists: Lao People's Party (clandestine) membership unknown Other political or pressure groups: Communists are resisting "neutralist" government; insurgent Communist forces with North Vietnamese backing pose serious threat to existing government; other political groups are informal and associated with regional family and military leaders; Prince Boun Oum is the acknowledged, though not formal leader of the Laotian rightists; Royal Armed Forces (FAR) leaders, Commander in Chief Bounpone Vang Pao, Soutchay Makthepharack, and Generals Kouprasith Abhay, Phasouk Somly, Vongsavanh, and Ret. Gen. Ouan Rathi Koun Member of: Colombo Plan, ECAFE, ICAO, IMF, Mekong Committee, SEAMES, U.N., UNCTAD ECONOMY: GNP: $211 million, $73 per capita (1969 est.) Agriculture: main crops -- rice (overwhelmingly dominant), corn, coffee, cotton and tobacco; largely self-sufficient; food shortages (due in part to distribution deficiencies) including' rice 179 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont' d) : Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Fishing: catch data unavailable; imports fish and fish products 278 tons, $119,000 (1969) Major industries: tin mining, timber Shortages: capital equipment, petroleum, transportation system Electric power: 23,200 kw. capacity (1969); 29 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 11 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $3.0 million (f.o.b., 1970 est.); forest products, coffee, tin concentrates, and timber; undeclared exports of opium significant but value unknown Imports: $51.4 million (c.i.f., 1969); rice, petroleum products, textiles, transportation equipment, machinery Major trade partners: imports from Thailand,U.S., Japan, France, Hong Kong, U.K., Indonesia, and West Germany; exports to Malaysia and Thailand; trade with Communist countries insignificant; Laos a major transit point in world gold trade; gold imports and approx. offsetting gold exports excluded from official trade data; value of 1969 gold imports $36.7 million Monetary conversion rate: 240 kip=US$1; open market rate approx. 505 kip=US$1 (1969); all but restricted list of developmental commodities now imported at open market rate Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Highways: about 9,200 mi. (including Communist-held areas); 500 mi. bituminous or bituminous treated, 1,900 mi. gravel, crushed stone, or improved earth; 6,800 mi.-unimproved earth and often impassable during rainy season mid-May to mid-September Inland waterways: about 2,850 mi., primarily Mekong and tributaries; 1,800 additional miles are sectionally navigable by craft drawing less than 1.5 ft. Ports (river): 5 major, 4 minor Airfields: 378 total, 222 usable; 5 with permanent-surface runways; 18 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft., 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft. Telecommunications: service to general public considered poor; radio network provides generally erratic service to government users; poor international service recently improved by radio relay link to Thailand; radiobroadcast transmitters operate in a few towns; 1,148 (est.) telephones; 70,000 (est.) radio receivers DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June 1971, $37,000,000; about 49% of total budget 180 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 28B Approved For Release 2004/O8L3tAN K-RDP79-O1O51AOOO4OOO1OOO2-1 LAND: 4,000 sq. mi.; 27% agricultural land, 64% desert, waste, or urban, 9% forested Land boundaries: 285 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: no claims (fishing, 6 n. mi.) Coastline: 140 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 2,918,000 (including Lebanese nationals living outside the country who are on the population register, but excluding registered Palestinian refugees numbering 171, 517 on 30 June 1969), average annual growth rate 3.1% (current); males 15-49, 704,000; 415,000 fit for military service; average of about 30,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 93% Arab, 6% Armenian, 1% other Religion: 55% Christian, 44% Muslim and Druze, 1% other (official estimates); Muslims believed to constitute slight majority Language: Arabic (official); French is widely spoken Literacy: 86% Labor force: about 1 million economically active; 49% agriculture, 11% industry, 14% commerce, 26% other; moderate-unemployment Organized labor: about 55,000 GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Lebanon Type: republic Capital: Beirut Political-subdivisions: 5 provinces Legal system: mixture of Ottoman law, canon law, and civil law system; consti- tution mandated in 1920; no judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at University of Lebanon; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: power lies with President elected by parliament (Chamber of Deputies); Cabinet appointed by President, approved by parliament; independent secular courts on French pattern; religious courts for matters of marriage, divorce, inheritance, etc.; by custom,, President is a Maronite Christian, Prime Minister a Sunni Muslim, and president of parliament a Shia Muslim; each of 9 religious communities represented in parliament in proportion to national numerical strength Government leader: President Sulayman Franjiyyah Suffrage: compulsory for all males over 21; authorized for women over 21 with elementary education Elections: for Chamber of Deputies, held every 4 years or within 3 months of dissolution of Chamber; held March-April 1968 Political parties and leaders: political party activity is organized along. sectarian lines; numerous political groupings exist, consisting of individual political figures and followers motivated by religious, clan, and economic considerations; political stability dependent on maintenance of balance between religious communities; Communist Party one of largest in Middle East, was made a legal party on 15 August 1970 Member of: Arab League, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, ILO, IMF, ITU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: Agriculture: fruits, wheat, corn, barley, potatoes, tobacco, olives, onions; not self-sufficient in food 181 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A0004000101002-1 Major industries: service industries, food processing, textiles, cement, of refining, chemicals, some metal fabricating, tourism Electric power: 552,000 kw. capacity (1970); 1,394 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 500 kw.-hr. per capita Major trade partners: exports $179 million (f.o.b., 1969 est.); 67% to Arab countries; imports $643 million (c.i.f., 1969 est.); chiefly from EC, U.K., and Arab countries; 8.4% from Communist countries; trade deficit covered by large net receipts from invisibles (particularly tourism and transportation) and private capital inflow Monetary conversion rate: 3.08 Lebanese pounds=US$l (provisional parity); free market (January 1971) 3.24 Lebanese pounds=US$l Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Highways: 5,133 mi.; 3,821 mi. paved, 342 mi. gravel and crushed stone, 373 mi. improved earth, 597 mi. unimproved earth Pipelines: crude oil, 85 mi. Ports: 3 major, 5 minor Merchant marine: 43 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 121,100 GRT, 183,500 DWT; includes 39 cargo, 4 bulk; 17 ships are foreign owned or operated Civil air: 14 major transport aircraft Airfields: 11 total, 4 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: excellent international telecommunication facilities include satellite ground station; good domestic telephone and telegraph service; 150,500 telephones; 600,000 radio and 300,000 TV receivers; 7 TV, 2 FM, and 1 AM radiobroadcast stations; 1 submarine cable DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $55.8 million; about 20.7% of proposed total budget 182 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 61 Approved For Release 2004/08til(JTFl A-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 11,700 sq. mi. (1969); 12% cultivable; largely mountainous Land boundaries: 500 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 926,000, average annual growth rate 1.6% (FY69); males 15-49, 188,000; fit for military service 95,000 Ethnic divisions: 99.7% Bantu, 1,600 Europeans, 800 Asians Religion: 70% or more Christian, rest animist Language: all Africans speak Sesotho vernacular; English is second language for literates Literacy: 40% Labor force: 87.4% of resident population engaged in subsistence agriculture; 150,000 to 250,000 spend 6 months to many years as wage earners in South Africa Organized labor: negligible GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Lesotho Type: constitutional monarchy under King Moshoeshoe II Capital: Maseru Political subdivisions: 9 administrative districts Legal system: based on English common law and Roman-Dutch law; constitution came into effect 1966; judicial review of legislative acts in High Court and Court of Appeal; legal education at University of Botswana, Lesotho, and Swaziland (located in Lesotho); has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive, divided between a largely ceremonial King and a Prime Minister who leads cabinet of at least 7 members; a bicameral legislature consisting of a National Assembly (60 seats) and a Senate (33 seats); judicial -- 63 Lesotho courts administer customary law for Africans, High Court and subordinate courts have criminal jurisdiction over all residents, Court of Appeal at Maseru has appellate jurisdiction Government leader: Prime Minister Chief Leabua Jonathan Suffrage: universal for adults Elections: elections held in January 1970; nullified allegedly because of election irregularities; subsequent elections promised at unspecified date Political parties and leaders: Basutoland Congress Party (BCP), Ntsu Mokhele; Marema-tlou Freedom Party (MFP), Dr. Seth Makotoko; National Party.(BNP), Chief Leabua Jonathan Voting strength: National Assembly -- BNP 32 seats, BCP 22 seats, MFP 2 seats, LDP 2 seats, 2 seats vacant; Senate -- BNP holds 24 of 33 seats (1965 elections) Communists: Communist Party of Lesotho banned in early 1970, although in past it received support from Chinese Communists Member of: Commonwealth, FAO, ILO, ITU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO ECONOMY: GNP: $90 million (1968), about $100 per capita Agriculture: exceedingly primitive, mostly subsistence farming and livestock; principal crops are corn, wheat, pulses, sorghum, barley Major industries: none Electric power: 2,820 kw. capacity (1970); 2.5 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 3 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: labor to South Africa (remittances $15 million in 1969); $5 million (f.o.b., 1968), wool, mohair, wheat, cattle, diamonds, peas, beans, corn, hides, skins Approved For Release 2004/08/31183 CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont' d) : Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Imports: $29 million (f.o.b., 1968); mainly corn, building materials, clothing, vehicles, machinery, POL Major trade partner: South Africa Aid: economic aid $6.9 million (budget FY71-72); U.K. $6.4 million (budget FY71-72); no military aid Monetary conversion rate: Lesotho uses the South African rand; 1 SA rand=US$1.40 (official); 0.714 SA rand=US$1 Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1 mi.; owned, operated, and included in the statistics of the Republic of South Africa Highways: approx. 1,136 mi.; 76 mi. paved; 269 mi. crushed stone, gravel, or stablized soil; 791 mi. improved or unimproved earth Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 36 total, 21 usable; 3 with runways 4,000-7,000 ft. Telecommunications: system a modest one consisting of a few landlines, a small radio-relay system, and minor radiocommunication stations; Maseru is the center; 2,000 telephones; 5,000 radio receivers; 2 AM, no FM or TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: None, police only 184 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/q8I/ 1RlglA-RDP79-O1O51AOOO4OOO1OOO2-1 LAND: 43,000 sq. mi.; 20% agricultural, 30% jungle and swamps, 40% forested, 10% unclassified (1969) Land boundaries: 830 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi. Coastline: 360 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 1,592,000, average annual growth rate 3.0% (current); males 15-49, 282,000; 155,000 fit for i on military service; no conscript s K5%, indigenous Ethnic divisions: 5% coastal descendants of immigrant Negroes; Kpelle, 95% indigenous Mandingo Negroid African tribes including Gola, Kissi, Religion: probably more Muslims than Christians; 80%-90% animist d English used Language: English official; 28 tribal languages or dialects, p gin by about 20% Literacy: about 24% over age 5 nomy; of Labor force: 450,000, of which 360,000 are in tribal, noveonmonetarnment se ecoronom; f% 90,000 in modern economy, 45% in agriculture; mining, construction, and manufacturing; and 12% in trade and transportation; about 3,000 non-African foreigners hold about 95% of the top level manage- ment and engineering jobs Organized labor: 2% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Liberia executive Type: republic; dominated by strong Capital: Monrovia Political subdivisions: country divided into 9 counties; President appoints all officials of significance recent codes drawn up by Legal system: based on U.S. constitutional theory; Cornell University; constitution adopted 1847; amended 1907, 1926, 1934, and 1955; no constitutional provision for judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at Louis Arthur Grimes School of Law, University of Liberia; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: President, elected by popular vote initially for 8-year rttermpandrs and eligible for successive 4-year terms, controls through app authority over national expenditures; 2-house legislature elected by popular vote is rubber stamp; judiciary consisting of Supreme Court and variety of lower courts theoretically independent but in fact subordinate to executive Government leader: President William R. Tolbert Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: members of House of Representatives elected for 4-year terms, most recently in May 1971; Senate members elected for 6-year terms, one-half elected in May 1971; President Tolbert, constitutional successor to President Tubman who died in July 1971, is eligible to complete the four year term to which Tubman was elected in May 1971; next scheduled presidential election May 1975 Political parties and leaders: True Whig Party, in power since 1878, only political party; President Tolbert is leader Voting strength: 1971 elections uncontested; True Whig Party won all but a handful of votes Communists: no Communist Party and only a few sympathizers Member of: ECA, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, OAU, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO 185 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GDP: $417 million (1970), 3% real growth rate (approx. 6% 1969 real growth rate), $360 per capita Agriculture: rubber, oil palm, cassava, coffee, rice; imports of rice, wheat, and meat are necessary for basic diet Fishing: catch 18,500 tons, $6.1 million (1969) Industry: rubber processing, food processing, construction materials, furniture, palm oil processing, mining (iron ore, diamonds), 10,000 b/d oil refinery Electric power: 152,000 kw. capacity (1970); 540 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 470 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $214 million (f.o.b., 1970); iron ore, diamonds, rubber, palm kernels, coffee, cocoa Imports: $151 million (c.i.f., 1970); machinery, transportation equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods Major trade partners: U.S., West Germany, Japan, U.K. Aid: economic -- (FY62-70) U.S., $158.3 million; military -- (FY62-70) U.S., $6.8 million; other aid sources include IBRD, U.N., IMF, and West Germany Monetary conversion rate: Liberia uses U.S. currency Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 310 mi.; 220 mi. standard gage, 90 mi. narrow gage (3'6"); all lines single track; rail systems owned and operated by foreign steel and financial interests in conjunction with Liberian Government Highways: 4,150 mi.; 325 mi. bituminous treated, 875 mi. laterite, 2,950 mi. unimproved Inland waterways: 230 mi. navigable Ports: 3 major, 4 minor Merchant marine: 1,966 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 37,945,400 GRT, 67,814,400 DWT; includes 12 passenger, 529 cargo, 741 tanker, 535 bulk, 149 specialized carrier; though this registry ranks first in tonnage in the world, all but 3 ships are foreign owned and operated Civil air: 2 major transport aircraft Airfields: 59 total, 40 usable; 3 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 6 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: telephone and telegraph limited; main center is Monrovia; 6,000 telephones; 155,000 radio and 6,500 TV receivers.; 3 AM, no FM, 2 TV stations; 2 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent mainly on U.S., has received small arms and ammunition from Israel, 6 armored cars from Switzerland and 16 trucks from Japan Military budget: for year ending 31 December 1970, $3,383,000; 5.6% of total budget 186 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08tilyACIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 679,000 sq. mi.; 6% agricultural, 1% forested, 93% desert, waste, or urban (1962) Land boundaries: 2,700 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 1,100 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 2,045,000, average annual growth rate 3.7% (current); males 15-49, 468,000; 280,000 fit for militar, service; about 20,000 reach military age (17) annually; t' n now bein implemented ~o g sA~m~ ARABIA conscr~p Ethnic divisions: 97% Berber and Arab with some Negroid stock; some Greeks, Maltese, Jews, Italians Religion: 100% Muslim Language: Arabic; Italian and English widely understood in major cities Literacy: 35% Labor force: 458,000-500,000; between ages 15-64, 405,000-430,000; 61% of labor force in agriculture (1964) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Libyan Arab Republic Type: republic; under military control following ouster of king on 1 September 1969; provisional constitution promulgated December 1969 Capital: Tripoli (defacto) Political subdivisions: 10 administrative provinces closely controlled by central government; district commissioners appointed by Revolutionary Command Council Legal system: based on Italian civil law system and Islamic law; separate religious courts; no constitutional provision for judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at Law School, at University of Libya at Banghazi; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: paramount political power and authority rests with the Revolutionary Command Council; cabinet of 12 ministers; Parliament has been dissolved Government leaders: Revolutionary Command Council Presidentt Colonel Mu'ammar Qadhafi Elections: last held in May 1965, Libyan Arab Socialist Union scheduled in October 1971 Political parties and leaders: Libyan Arab Socialist Union still being formed Communists: no organized party, negligible membership Other political or pressure groups: various Arab nationalist movements and the Arab Socialist Resurrection (Ba'th) Party with small, almost negligible memberships may be functioning clandestinely Member of: Arab League, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, ILO, IMF, ITU, OAU, OPEC, OAPEC, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $2.91 billion (1970 est.), $1,500 per capita, approximately constant over 1967-70 GDP: $3.5 billion (1970 est.), $1,800 per capita Agriculture: main crops -- wheat, barley, olives, dates, citrus fruits, peanuts; not self-sufficient in food Major industries: petroleum production averaged 3.3 million b.p.d. (1970); estimated oil revenues for FY71 about $1.5 billion; food processing, textiles, handicrafts 187 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Electric power: 146,600 kw. capacity (1969); 430 million kw.-hr. produced (1969), 230 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2,366 million (1970 est.); over 99% petroleum Imports: $544 million (1970 est.) Major trade partners: imports -- Italy, West Germany, U.S. Aid: economic -- $17.4 (FY52-70); no Communist country assistance; U.S. aid extended $212.6 million (1949-70) military -- arms obtained by cash purchase; chief suppliers France, U.S.S.R., Czechoslovakia; U.S. suspended since September 1969 Monetary conversion rate: 1 Libyan pound=US$2.80 Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 5,300 mi.; 3,450 mi. bituminous or bituminous surface treated, 1,250 mi. improved earth and gravel, 600 mi. unimproved earth Pipelines: crude oil 1,890 mi.; natural gas 311 mi.; refined products 143 mi. Ports: 4 major, 12 minor Civil air: 7 major transport aircraft; an additional 27 major transports are operated by external carriers engaged in charter work for several oil companies Airfields: 102 total, 81 usable; 14 with permanent-surface runways; 4 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 36 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations Telecommunications: system is just within top one-third of African systems; con- sists of radio-relay and tropospheric-scatter links, open-wire lines, and radiocommunication stations; principal centers are Tripoli and Benghazi; 34,790 telephones; 225,000 radio and 12,500 TV receivers; 7 AM, 5 FM, and 3 TV stations; 3 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 March 1970, $254,500,000; 21.3% of total budget 188 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 200 L4Y08VI.3HItSU RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 65 sq. mi. Land boundaries: 47 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 25,000, average annual growth rate 4.8% (FY69) Ethnic divisions: 95% Germanic, 5% Italian and other Religion: 92% Roman Catholic Language: German (dialect) Literacy: 98% Labor force: 7,000, 3,500 foreign workers; 59% industry, 20% trade and commerce, 13% professional and other, 8% agriculture GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Principality of Liechtenstein Type: hereditary constitutional monarchy Capital: Vaduz Political subdivisions: 11 districts Legal system: based on Swiss law; constitution adopted 1921; judicial review of legislative acts in a special Constitutional Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: unicameral Parliament, hereditary Prince, independent judiciary Government leaders: Head of State, Prince Franz Joseph II; Chief of Government, Dr. Alfred Hilbe Suffrage: males age 20 and over Elections: every 4 years; next elections 1974 Alfred Hilbe; Political parties and leaders: Fatherland Union Party (VU), Dr. Progressive Citizens Party (PCP), Dr. Gerard Batliner Voting strength (1970 election): 50.5% VU, 49.5% PCP Communists: none Member of: IAEA, IPU, ITU; seeking U.N. membership; under a 1923 treaty, Switzer- land handles Liechtenstein's post and telegraph systems, customs, and foreign relations ECONOMY: Despite its small size and sparse natural resources, Liechtenstein has a prosperous economy based primarily on small-scale light industry and farming. Textiles, ceramics, precision instruments, pharmaceuticals, and canned foods are the principal manufactures produced, almost entirely for export. Live- stock raising and dairying are the main sources of farm income; cereals and potatoes are the most important farm crops. The Liechtenstein economy is tied closely to that of Switzerland in a virtual customs union. No national accounts data are available. Major trade partners: exports (1967) -- $45.5 million; 41% Switzerland, 28% EC, 56.1% EFTA Electric power: 22,600 kw. capacity (1970); 55 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,800 kw.-hr. per capita; power is exchanged with Switzerland, but net exports average 35 million kw. yearly COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 9.94 mi. 4'8 1/2" gage, electrified; owned, operated, and included in statistics of Austrian Federal Railways Highways: no information on total mileage Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: none Telecommunications: automatic telephone system serving about 9,500 telephones; no broadcast facilities; 4,000 radio and 3,400 TV receivers (programed from Switzerland) 189 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 6 Approved For Release 2004/O@ j MB RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Language: Luxembourgish, German, French; most educated Luxembourgers also speak English Literacy: 98% Labor force: (1969) 139,000; 11.1% agriculture (including forestry and fishing), 44.2% industry, 44.7% services, no significant unemployment; shortage of skilled labor 800 (1970) Organized labor: 45% of labor force 1,000 sq. mi.; 26% arable, 26% meadows and pasture, 16% waste or urban, 32% forested, negligible amount of inland water (1969) Land boundaries: 221 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 342,000, average annual growth rate 0.8% (January 61-71); males 15-49, 78,000; 62,000 fit for military service; about 2,500 reach military age (19) annually Ethnic divisions: 83% Luxembourger, including an estimated 5% of Italian descent; remainder French, German, Belgian, etc. Religion: more than 90% Roman Catholic GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: Luxembourg Political subdivisions: unitary state, but for administrative purposes has 3 districts (Luxembourg, Diekirch, Grevenmacher) and 12 cantons Legal system: based on civil law system; constitution adopted 1868; judicial review of legislative acts in the Cassation Court only; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: parliamentary democracy; seven ministers comprise Council of Government headed by President, which constitutes the executive; it is responsible to the unicameral legislature, the Chamber of Deputies; the Council of State, appointed for indefinite term, exercises some powers of an upper house; judicial power exercised by independent courts Government leader: Pierre Werner, Minister of State and President of the Govern- ment as well as Minister of Treasury Suffrage: universal and compulsory over age 21 Elections: every 5 years for entire Chamber of Deputies; latest elections Dec- ember 1968; next election, December 1973 Political parties and leaders: Christian Social Union, Pierre Werner and Jean Dupong (Party President); Socialist, Antone Wehenkel (Party President); Social Democrat, Ernst Lay (Party President); Democratic, Gaston Thorn (Party President and Foreign Minister); Communist, Dominique Urbany Voting strength (1968 election, approx.): 32% Socialist, 35% Christian Socialist, 15% Communist, 17% Democratic, 1% other; it should be noted that these are percentages of votes cast rather than voters, since Luxembourg has a weighted proportional representation system in which voters in most populous areas have largest multiple votes Communists: 520 party members Other political or pressure groups: group of steel industries representing iron and steel industry, Centrale Paysanne representing agricultural producers; Christian and Socialist labor unions, Federation of Industrialists; Artisans and Shopkeepers Federation Member of: Benelux, BLEU (Belgium-Luxembourg Economic Union), Council of Europe, EC, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IFC, ILO, IMF, NATO, OECD, U.N., UPU, WEU, WHO, WMO 191 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GNP: $995.7 million (1970), $2,910 per capita; 56.4% consumption, 29.8% investment, 11.0% government, 2.8% net exports of goods and services, 1970 growth rate 3.5% at 1963 constant prices Agriculture: mixed farming; main crops -- grains, potatoes, fodder beets; food shortages -- sugar, bread grains, fats; caloric intake, 3,090 calories per day per capita (1967-68 est.) Major industries: iron and steel, food processing, chemicals, metal products and engineering, tires Shortages: crude petroleum, coal, textile materials Crude steel: 5.5 million metric tons produced (1970), about 16,080 kg. per capita Electric power: 1,177,000 kw. capacity (1970); 2,520 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 6,290 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $869.0 million (f.o.b., 1970) Imports: $686.4 million (c.i.f., 1970) Major trade partners: Luxembourg and Belgium form an economic and customs union and report their foreign trade jointly (see Belgium); Luxembourg's principal exports are iron and steel products; principal imports are coal and consumer products; most foreign trade is with Germany, Belgium, and other EC countries; about 7% of steel exports to the U.S. (1969) Aid: foreign aid to Luxembourg is included in aid to Belgium Monetary conversion rate: 50 Luxembourg francs=US$1 (official); under the BLEU agreement, the Luxembourg franc is equal to the Belgian franc which circulates freely in Luxembourg Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 203 mi. standard gage; 100 mi. double track; 85 mi. electrified Highways: 3,070 mi.; all paved Pipelines: refined products, 30 mi. Inland waterways: 23 mi.; Moselle River Port: Mertert Civil air: 7 major transport aircraft Airfields: 2 total, 1 usable with permanent-surface runway 8,000-11,999 ft. Telecommunications: adequate and efficient modern system; serves as transfer point for international European communications; 105,500 telephones; 152,000 radiobroadcast receivers; 66,600 TV receivers; AM megawatt service of Radio Luxembourg reaches most of Europe; 3 FM stations; 1 TV station with 6 relays DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $8.5 million; 3.0% of central government budget 192 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 39C Approved For Release 2004/08/OACACIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 6 sq. mi.; 10% agricultural, 90% urban (1968) Land boundaries: 220 yds. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: territorial sea claim 6 n. mi fishing, 12 n. mi. Coastline: 25 mi. Literacy: almost 100% among Portuguese and Macanese; no data on Chinese population Labor force: 5% agriculture, 30% manufacturing, 3% construction, 1% utilities, 27% commerce, 8% transportation and communications, 26% services (1960 data) PEOPLE: Population: 244,000 (official estimate for 1 July 1969); males 15-49, 67,000; 42,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: 99% Chinese, 1% Portuguese Religion: mainly Buddhist; 17,000 Catholics, about one- half are Chinese Language: Chinese 98%, Portuguese 2% GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Province of Macao Type: overseas province of Portugal Capital: Lisbon (Portugal) Political subdivisions: municipality of Macao, and 2 islands Legal system: Portuguese civil law system Branches: Governor, who dominates legislative and executive branches, assisted by Legislative Council with unknown number of appointed and 8 elected members; the Urban Council with 3 governor-appointed and 4 elected members; all high-ranking officials appointive under provisions of revised Organic Overseas Law Government leader: Brigadier Jose Manuel Nobre De Carvalho, Governor Suffrage: restricted to Portuguese citizens Elections: conducted every 4 years; last held November 1968 Political parties and leaders: Portuguese National Union (Uniao Nacional) only legal party, as in Portugal; Governor is leading political figure Other political or pressure groups: wealthy Macanese and Chinese representing local interests, wealthy pro-Communist merchants representing China's interests; in January 1967 Macao Government acceded to Chinese demands which gave Chinese veto power over administration of the enclave ECONOMY: Agriculture: main crops -- rice, vegetables; food shortages -- rice, vegetables, meat; depends mostly on imports for food requirements Major industries: textiles, fireworks Electric power: 14,000 kw. capacity (1969); 30.6 million kw.-hr. produced (1969), 120 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $37 million (f.o.b., 1969); textiles and clothing, foodstuffs, fireworks Imports: $50 million (f.o.b., 1968) Major trade partners: exports -- Hong Kong 24%, West Germany 21%; imports -- Hong Kong 67%, China 30% (1968) Monetary conversion rate: 6.06 patacas=US$1 Fiscal year: calendar year 193 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Highways: 26 mi. paved Ports: 1 major Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: none; 1 seaplane station DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of Portugal lqd 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release NIS 62 Approved For Release 2004 REQ1SYC P P79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 230,000 sq. mi.; 5% cultivated, 58% pastureland, 21% forested, 8% wasteland, 2% rivers and lakes, 6% other (1965) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 3,000 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 6,982,000, average annual growth rate 2.3% (FY70); males 15-49, 1,574,000; 925,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (20) annually about 65,000 Ethnic divisions: basic split between highlanders of predominantly Malayo-Indonesian origin, consisting of Merina (1,643,000) and related Betsileo (760,000), on the one hand, and coastal tribes with mixed Negroid, Malayo-Indonesian, and Arab ancestry on the other; coastal tribes include Betsimisaraka 941,000, Tsimihety 442,000, Sakalava 375,000, Antaisaka 415,000; there are also 38,000 French, 66,000 other Religion: more than half animist; about 35% Christian, less than 10% Muslim Language: French and Malagasy official Literacy: 30% to 35% Labor force: about 3.4 million, of which 90% are nonsalaried family workers engaged in subsistence agriculture; of 175,000 wage and salary earners, 26% agriculture, 17% domestic service, 15% industry, 14% commerce, 11% construction, 9% services, 6% transportation, 2% miscellaneous Organized labor: 4% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Malagasy Republic Type: republic; under one-party rule since independence in June 1960 Capital: Tananarive Political subdivisions: 6 provinces Legal system: based on French civil law system and Islamic law; constitution adopted 1959, amended 1960, 1962, and 1970; judicial review of legislative acts in High Council of Institutions; legal education at National School of Law, University of Tananarive; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive -- President has wide powers, elected for 7-year term by direct universal suffrage; legislative -- bicameral (National Assembly and Senate); judicial -- patterned after French system Government leader: President Philibert Tsiranana Suffrage: universal for adults Elections: held regularly but opposition parties are hampered by restrictions on campaigning Political parties and leaders: Parti Social Democrate (PSD), led by Tsiranana as National President and a secretary General, appointed by National President, for 1 year; leading opposition party is AKFM (Congress Party for the Independence of Madagascar), led by Pastor Richard Andriamanjato Voting strength: (1970 elections) President Tsiranana received 97% of votes cast; PSD candidates for National Assembly won 94%; AKFM 3% Communists: small Communist party under close surveillance by government security forces; Communist party virtually of no importance; small and vocal group of Communists has gained strong position in leadership of AKFM, the rank and file of which is non-Communist Member of: EAMA, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ILO, IMCO, ITU, OAU, OCAM, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO Approved For Release 2004/08/311?bIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GNP: $794.2 million (1969), about $120 per capita; a real increase of 8.9% between 1968 and 1969, almost all due to price increases because of franc devaluation Agriculture: cash crops -- coffee, vanilla, sugar, tobacco, sisal, rice, cloves, raphia; food crops -- rice, cassava, cereals, potatoes, corn, beans, bananas, coconuts, and peanuts; animal husbandry widespread; self- sufficient in foodstuffs, but some milk and cereals imported Fishing: catch 69,000 tons Major industries: agricultural processing (meat canneries, soap factories, brewery, tanneries, sugar refining), light consumer goods industries (textiles, glassware), cement plant, auto assembly plant, paper mill, oil refinery Electric power: 14,600 kw. capacity (1970); 200 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 30 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $104.9 million (f.o.b., 1969); coffee 28%, rice 8%, vanilla 10%, sugar 7%, petroleum products 4%, sisal 3%; mineral products, graphite and mica 3%; agricultural and livestock products account for about 85% of export earnings Imports: $145.0 million (f.o.b., 1969); consumer goods 46% -- food, beverages, textiles, clothing; capital equipment 26% -- machinery, appliances, and electrical; raw materials 28% -- cement, energy products, fertilizers (percent figures for 1969) Major trade partners: France (in 1969 accounted for 36% of exports and 52% of imports); U.S., preferential tariffs to EC and franc zone countries; trade with Communist countries remains a minute part of total trade Monetary conversion rate: 278 Malagasy francs =US$l (official); member of French franc zone Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 540 mi. of meter gage Highways: 5,300 mi.; 1,550 mi. paved 2,550 mi. crushed stone, gravel, or stabi- lized soil; 1,200 mi. improved and unimproved earth; remainder are tracks Inland waterways: 1,200 mi. navigable; Lac Alaotra (200 sq. mi.) Ports: 4 major, 13 minor Merchant marine: 8 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 37,500 GRT, 54,100 DWT; includes 6 cargo, 1 tanker, 1 specialized carrier Civil air: 11 major transport aircraft Airfields: 359 total, 178 usable; 24 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with run- ways 8,000-11,999 ft,, 49 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 6 seaplane stations Telecommunications: telephone and telegraph generally adequate in urban areas; 25,300 telephones; 500,000 radio and 300 TV receivers; 4 AM, no FM, and 1 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: largely dependent on France; has received some ground force materiel from Israel and West Germany Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1970, $12.2 million; about 7:8% of total budget 196 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 57C Approved For Release 2004/08/ EW-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 36,700 sq. mi.; about 31% of land area arable (of which less than half is cultivated), nearly 25% forested, 6% meadow and pasture, 38% other (1966) Land boundaries: 1,790 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 4,736,000, average annual growth rate 3.0% (FY69-70); males 15-49, 983,000; about 495,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: over 99% native African, less than 1% European and Asian Religion: majority animist; rest Christian and Muslim Language: English and Chichewa official; Lomwe is second African language Literacy: 6% of population over 21 years old Labor force: 120,000-150,000 wage earners (1966); 6,000 Europeans permanently employed; 300,000 live and work in Rhodesia, South Africa, and Zambia; 30% agriculture, 11% construction, 10% commerce, 13% manufacturing, 10% admini- stration, 26% miscellaneous services Organized labor: small minority of wage earners are unionized GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Malawi Type: republic since July 1966; independent member of Commonwealth Capital: Zomba Political subdivisions: local government unit is the district Legal system: based on English common law and customary law; constitution adopted 1964; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Appeal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: strong presidential system with cabinet appointed by President; uni- cameral National Assembly of 60 elected and 15 nominated members; High Court with Chief Justice and at least 2 justices Government leader: President Hastings Kamuzu Banda Suffrage: universal adult Elections: scheduled for April 1971 but not held since MCP candidates were unopposed Political parties and leaders: Malawi Congress Party (MCP), Dr. Hastings Kamuzu Banda Communists: no Communist Party; may be a few Communist sympathizers Member of: FAO, GATT, IBRD, I.CAO, IFC, ILO, IMF, ITU, OAU, U.N., UNESCO, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $319 million (1970), $70 per capita; average annual growth rate in constant prices 5.3% (1964-70) Agriculture: cash crops -- tea, tobacco, peanuts, cotton, tung; subsistence crops -- corn, sorghum, millet, pulses, root crops, fruit, vegetables, rice Electric power: 38,200 kw. capacity (1970); 133 million kw.-hr. produced (1970); 30 kw.-hr. per capita Major industries: agricultural processing (tea, tobacco, sugar), sawmilling, cement, consumer goods Exports: $57 million (f.o.b., 1970); tea, tobacco, cotton, tung, peanuts Imports: $82.1 million (f.o.b., 1970); manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, food, fuels Major trade partners: exports -- U.K., Zambia, Rhodesia, U.S.; imports -- U.K., Rhodesia, South Africa Approved For Release 2004/08/3119 CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Aid: economic -- U.K. provides both budgetary and development support, about $35 million through FY1971; U.S. aid commitments, $26 million (1962-70); military -- U.K., $0.9 million (1954-68) Monetary conversion rate: 1 Malawi kwacha=US$1.20 (official) Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 352 mi. (3'6" gage) Highways: 6,610 mi.; 430 mi. paved; 555 mi. crushed stone, gravel, or stabilized soil; 5,625 mi. earth Inland waterways: Lake Nyasa, 800 route mi. and Shire River, 90 mi. Ports: 2 minor Civil air: 4 major transport aircraft Airfields: 37 total, 35 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway; 7 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: the system is barely above average for African countries and consists of thinly spread open-wire lines, radio-relay links, and radiocommunication stations; principal centers are Blantyre and Zomba; 11,500 telephones; 106,000 radio receivers; 5 AM, 4 FM and no TV stations 198 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/91j 1 lA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 NOTE: Malaysia, which came into being on 16 September 1963, consists of West Malaysia, which includes 11 states of the former Federation of Malaya, plus East Malaysia, which includes the 2 former colonies of North Borneo (renamed Sabah) and Sarawa.k LAND: West Malaysia: 50,700 sq. mi.; 20% cultivated, 26% forest reserves, 54% other (1965) Sabah: 29,400 sq. mi.; 13% cultivated, 34% forest 53% other (1966) reserves , Sarawak: 48,300 sq. mi.; 21% cultivated, 24% forest reserves, oo other Land boundaries: West Malaysia 315 mi., East Malaysia 873 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: West Malaysia, 1,045 mi., East Malaysia 1,439 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 10,912,000, average annual growth rate 2.7% (current) West Malaysia: 9,210,000, average annual growth rate 2.7% (June 57-August 70); males 15-49, 2,154,000; 1,320,000 fit for military service Sabah: 655,000, average annual growth rate 3.3% (July 60-August 70); males 15-49, 156,000; 92,000 fit for military service Sarawak: 1,047,000, average annual growth rate 3.0% (June 60-August 70); males 15-49, 249,000; 148,000 fit for military service; conscription age for Malaysia is 21 -- an age reached by about 1121,000 annually Ethnic divisions: Malaysia: 44% Malay, 36% Chinese, 8% tribal, 10% Indian and Pakistani, 2% other West Malaysia: 50.1% Malay, 36.9% Chinese, 11% Indian and Pakistani, 2% other Sabah: 23.1% Chinese, 67.3% indigenous tribes, 9.6% other Sarawak: 31.5% Chinese, 50% indigenous tribes, 17.5% Malay, 1% other Religion: West Malaysia: Malays nearly all Muslim, Chinese predominantly Buddhists, Indians predominantly Hindu Sabah: 38% Muslim, 17% Christian, 45% other Sarawak: 23% Muslim, 24% Buddhist and Confucianist, 16% Christian, 35% tribal religion, 2% other Language: West Malaysia: Malay (official); English, Chinese dialects, Tamil Sabah: English, Malay, numerous tribal dialects, Mandarin and Hakka dialects predominate among Chinese Sarawak: English, Malay, Mandarin, numerous tribal languages Literacy: West Malaysia: about 48% Sabah and Sarawak: 23% Labor force: Malaysia: 3.45 million (1967) West Malaysia: 2.9 million; 55% agriculture, forestry, and fishing, 11% manufacturing and construction, 34% trade, transport, and services 199 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Labor force (cont'd): Sabah: 213,000 (1967); 80% agriculture, forestry, and fishing, 6% manu- facturing and construction, 13% trade and transportation, 1% other Sarawak: 341,000 (1967); 80% agriculture, forestry, and fishing, 6% manu- facturing and construction, 13% trade, transportation, and services, 1% other Organized labor: 370,000 (official 1967 est.) about 10.5% of total labor force; 28% of wage labor force; unemployment about 8% of total labor force, but higher in urban areas GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Malaysia Type: Malaysia: constitutional monarchy nominally headed by Paramount Ruler (King) West Malaysian states: hereditary rulers in all but Penang and Malacca where Governors appointed by Malaysian Government; powers of state governments limited by federal constitution Sabah: self-governing state within Malaysia in which it holds 16 seats in House of Representatives; foreign affairs, defense, internal security, and other powers delegated to federal government Sarawak: self-governing state within Malaysia in which it holds 24 seats in House of Representatives; foreign affairs, defense, and internal security, and other powers are delegated to federal government Capital: West Malaysia: Kuala Lumpur Sabah: Kota Kinabalu (formerly Jesselton) Sarawak: Kuching Political subdivisions: 13 states (including Sabah and Sarawak) Legal system: based on English common law; constitution came into force 1963; judicial review of-legislative acts in the Supreme Court at request of Supreme Head of the Federation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: 9 state rulers alternate as Paramount Ruler for 5-year terms; locus of executive power vested in Prime Minister and cabinet, who are responsible to bicameral parliament; following communal rioting in May 1969, govern- ment imposed state of emergency and suspended constitutional rights of all parliamentary bodies; parliamentary democracy resumed in February 1971 West Malaysia: executive branches of 11 states vary in detail but are similar in design; a Chief Minister, appointed by hereditary ruler or Governor, heads an executive council (cabinet) which is responsible to an elected, unicameral legislature Sarawak and Sabah: executive branch headed by Governor appointed by central government, largely ceremonial role; executive power exercised by Chief Minister who heads parliamentary cabinet responsible to unicameral legislature; judiciary part of Malaysian judicial system Government leader: Head of State, Tun Abdul Razak Suffrage: universal over age 20 Elections: minimum of every 5 years Political parties and leaders: West Malaysia: Alliance Party consisting of United Malays National Organiza- tion (UMNO), Tun Abdul Razak; Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA), Tan Siew Sin; and Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC), V.T. Sambanthan; major opposition parties -- Pan Malayan Islamic Party (PMIP), Dato Asri bin Haji 200 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT P(ppnO'/ For Rele se 2004/08/.,1 ? CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Political parties and leaders con d) West Malaysia (cont'd): Siew (acting); Muda (acting); Labor Party of Malaya (LPM), Lim Kean Democratic Action Party (DAP); Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia (GRM); minor opposition parties -- Party Rakyat (PR), People's Progressive Party (PPP), Partai Keadilan Masharakyat (KEMAS), United Malaysian Chinese Organization (UMCO); Communist Party illegal Sabah: United Sabah National Organization (USNO), Tun Mustapha b.in Dato Harun; Sabah Chinese Association (SCA), Khoo Siak Chiew; no organized opposition Sarawak: coalition composed of Sarawak Alliance and Sarawak United Peoples Party (SUPP), Ong Kee Hui; Opposition Sarawak National Party, Stephen Ningkan Voting strength: West Malaysia: (1969 election) Alliance Party controls 9 of 11 state legislatures, won estimated 49% of total vote; Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party polled 24%; Democratic Action Party polled 12%; Gerakan 7% Sabah: (October 1971 Assembly Elections) Alliance unopposed, opposition candidates disqualified Sarawak: (1970 elections) Alliance 24 seats, SNAP 12 seats, SUPP 11 seats; SUPP has joined the Alliance to form a coalition state government Member of: ADB, ASEAN, ASPAC, Commonwealth, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IFC, ILO, IMF, ITU, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: Malaysia: $3.9 billion (1970), $360 per capita; average annual real growth (1966-70) 6% Agriculture: West Malaysia: mixed plantation and subsistence; main crops -- rubber, rice, oil palm; 25% of rice requirements imported Sabah: mainly subsistence; main crops -- rubber, coconut, rice; food deficit -- rice Sarawak: main crops -- rubber, pepper; food deficit -- rice Fishing: catch 406,000 tons, $93.2 million (1968) Major industries: West Malaysia: rubber and oil palm processing and manufacturing, tin mining and smelting, logging and processing timber, light consumer goods Sabah: logging Sarawak: agriculture processing, petroleum refining, logging Electric power: West Malaysia: 908,000 kw. capacity (1970); 3.47 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 373 kw.-hr. per capita Sabah: 41,400 kw. capacity (1970); 85 million kw.-hr. produced (1969); 133 kw.-hr. per capita Sarawak: 47,300 kw. capacity (1970); 98 million kw.-hr. produced (1969), 95 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $1,680 million (f.o.b., 1970); 40% rubber, 18% tin, 15% timber Imports: $1,393 million (c.i.f. 1970) Major trade partners: exports -- Singapore, Japan, U.S.; imports -- Japan, U.S., Singapore, China Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Monetary conversion rate: Malaysia: 3.06 Malaysian dollars=US$l Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 8 mi. double track; government-owned West Malaysia: 1,014 mi. 3'3 3/8" gage; East Malaysia: 96 mi. meter gage in Sabah Highways: West Malaysia: 10,500 mi.; 8,925 mi. hard surfaced (mostly bituminous surface treatment), 1,150 mi. crushed stone/gravel, 425 mi. improved or unimproved earth East Malaysia: about 3,140 mi. (1,608 in Sarawak, 1,532 in Sabah); 520 mi. hard surfaced (mostly bituminous surface treatment), 1,853 mi. gravel or crushed stone, 767 mi. earth Inland waterways: West Malaysia: 1,985 mi. East Malaysia: 2,540 mi. (975 mi. in Sabah, 1,565 mi. in Sarawak) Ports: West Malaysia: 3 major, 10 minor East Malaysia: 4 major, 7 minor (3 major, 3 minor in Sabah; 1 major, 4 minor in Sarawak) Merchant marine: 11 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 57,300 GRT, 67,600 DWT; includes 9 cargo, 2 tanker Civil air: 10 major transport aircraft Pipelines: crude oil, 90 mi.; refined products, 35 mi. Airfields: West 2wiMalia: tharunway108,0totl, 70 00x11,999uft., 111 with trunways n4,000-7,999 ft.; 3s; seaplane stations Sabah: 37 total, 32 usable; 5 with permanent-surface runways; 5 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 3 seaplane stations Sarawak: 48 total, 43 usable; 5 with permanent-surface runways; 4 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: West Malaysia: good intercity service provided mainly by microwave relay; international service good; good coverage by radio and television broad- casts; 146,212 telephones; 430,000 radio and 130,000 TV receivers; 9 towns have AM stations; no FM, 8 TV stations; submarine cables extend to India, Ceylon, and Singapore; connected to SEACOM submarine cable terminal at Singapore by microwave relay Sabah: adequate intercity radio-relay network extends to Sarawak via Brunei; 10,246 telephones; 48,800 radio receivers; 3 AM, 1 FM, no TV stations; SEACOM submarine cable links to Hong Kong and Singapore no network Sarawak: no rTVe1~ TV wo receivers; 2 t AM, no h FM, via telephones; 49,055 radio and radio-relay 12 stations 202 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 DEFENSE FOR Epsroved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 External defense dependent on loose Five Power Defense Agreement (FPDA) which replaced Anglo-Malayan defense agreement of 1957 as amended in 1963; FPDA, effective as of 1 November 1971, also provides for small ANZUK Joint Force composed of Australia, New Zealand, and U.K. ground, naval, and air elements, headquarters in Singapore Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $262 million; 25% of total budget 203 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/018A8!I:VE$A-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 115 sq. mi.; 2,000 islands grouped into 12 atolls, 214 islands inhabited WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 2.75-55 n. mi. (fishing, 100-150 n. mi.) Coastline: 400 mi. (approx.) PEOPLE: Population: 113,000, average annual growth rate 1.9% (FY69) Ethnic divisions: presumed Aryan stock with Arab admixtures Religion: official Sunni Muslim Language: Divehi (dialect of Sinhala) illiterate l l y arge Literacy: Labor force: fishing industry employs almost all the male population GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Maldives Type: republic Capital: Male Political subdivisions: 19 administrative areas broken down by clusters of atolls Legal system; based on Islamic law with admixtures of English common law primari- ly in commercial matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: popularly elected unicameral national legislature (Majlis) (members elected for 5-year terms); elected President, chief executive; appointed Chief Justice responsible for administration of Islamic law Government leaders: President Ibrahim Nasir Suffrage: universal over age 21 Political parties and leaders: no organized political parties; country governed by the Didi clan for the past eight centuries Member of: Colombo Plan, U.N. ECONOMY: GNP: under $100 per capita Agriculture: crops -- coconut and millet; shortages -- rice, wheat Fishing: catch 32,000 tons (1970) Major industries: fishing; some coconut processing Electric power: 2,500 kw. capacity (1970); 7 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 65 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2.5 million (f.o.b., 1967); fish Imports: $2.5 million (c.i.f., 1967) Major trade partner: Ceylon Aid: U.K. (1960-65), $1.4 million drawn; Ceylon (1967), $1 million committed Monetary conversion rate: 4.76 rupees=US$l Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: none Ports: 2 minor ports (Male and Gan) Merchant marine: 20 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 53,400 GRT, 70,100 DWT; includes 18 cargo, 2 bulk Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 3 total, 2 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 1 with runway 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: no domestic and international telecommunication facilities; 200 telephones; 1,250 radio sets; 1 AM station 205 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08fiI: CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 465,000 sq. mi.; only about a fourth of area arable, forests negligible, rest sparse pasture or desert (1967) Land boundaries: 4,635 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 5,206,000, average annual growth rate 2.4% (FY69-70); males 15-49, 1,230,000; 690,000 fit for military service; no conscription Ethnic divisions: 99% native African including tribes of both Berber and Negro descent Religion: 90% Muslim, 9% animist, 1% Christian Language: French official; most African languages, of which Mande group Literacy: under 5% Labor force: approximately 60,000 salaried, 40,000 of whom are civil Servants; most of population engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry Organized labor: UNTM, which claimed all eligible nempl controlled disc lved; thirteen national unions currently directed by a g Committee of Mali Trade Unions (CCSM) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Mali Type: republic; under military regime since November 1968 Capital: Bamako Political subdivisions: 6 administrative regions; 42 administrative districts (cercles), arrondissements, villages; all subordinate to central government Legal system: based on French civil law system and customary compulsoryacts ti jurisdiction ICJn te; has r not accepted legislative adopted 1960, amended Court 9 of ; Stajudicial tional Section of Committee of National Branches: executive authority exercised by Military Liberation (MCNL) composed of 11 army officers; under MCNL functional cabinet composed of civilians and army officers; judiciary Government leaders: Col. Moussa Traore, president of MCNL, Chief of State' and head of government Suffrage: universal over age 21 Political parties and leaders: former Union Soudanaise-RDA dissolved and political activity proscribed by military government Elections: MCNL promises elections at unspecified date Communists: there are a few Communists and a somewhat larger number of sympathizers; some are under detention by MCNL Member of: EAMA, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ILO, IMF, ITU, OAU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: capita about $50 GDP: about $245 million (FY69), per c Agriculture: main crops -- millet, sorghum, rice, corn, peanuts; cash crops -- peanuts, cotton, livestock imports $6,000 (1969) Fishing: exports $1,399,000 (1969); iMajor industries: small local consumer goods and processing Electric power: 22,500 kw. capacity (1970); 38 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 7 kw.-hr. per capita peanuts, dried fish, cotton, Exports: $30.2 million (f.o.b., 1970); livestock, skins petroleum products, 1970); textiles, vehicles, p Imports: $35.8 million (c.i.f., machinery, and sugar Major trade partners: mostly with franc zone and Western Europe; also with U.S.S.R. China 207 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont' d) : Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-0105~j000400010002-1 Monetary conversion rate: since August 1969, 555.4 Mali francs= Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 400 mi. meter gage Highways: approximately 7,500 mi.; 870 mi. bituminous, 3,215 mi. gravel, 580 mi. improved earth, 2,835 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 1,141 mi. navigable Civil air: 7 major transport aircraft Airfields: 55 total, 39 usable; 6 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 11 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: system poor and provides only minimum service to government, business, and public; open-wire and radiocommunication used for long distance telecommunications; radio sometimes only link to outlying points; 6,670 telephones; 60,000 radio receivers; 2 AM, no FM, and no TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $6,100,000; about 14.5% of total budget 208 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/0, {YA: CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ITC 7GQ LAND: 121 sq. mi.; 50% arable, negligible amount forested, remainder urban, waste, or other (1965) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 87 mi. Languagee g Literacy: about 83%; compulsory education introduced in 1946 Labor force: 99,000; 39% services, 28% government, 22% manufacturing, 7% agriculture, 4% unemployed Organized labor: approximately 33% of labor force PEOPLE: Population: 323,000 (official estimate for 30 September 1970); males 15-49, 86,000; 65,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: mixture of Arab, Sicilian, Norman, Spanish, Italian, British Religion: 98% Roman Catholic En lish and Maltese GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Malta Type: independent state since September 1964, recognizing Elizabeth II as chief of state Capital: Valletta Political subdivisions: 2 main populated islands, Malta and Gozo, divided into 10 electoral districts (divisions) Legal system: based on English common law; constitution adopted 1961, came into force 1964; has accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdication, with reservations Branches: executive, consisting of prime minister and cabinet; legislative, comprising 55-member House of Representatives; independent judiciary Government leader: Prime Minister Dom Mintoff Suffrage: universal over age 21; registration required Elections: at the discretion of the Prime Minister, but must be held before the expiration of a.5-year electoral mandate; last election June 1971 Political parties and leaders: Nationalist Party, George Borg Olivier; Malta Labor Party, Dom Mintoff Voting strength (1971 election): Labor, 28 seats; Nationalist, 27 seats Member of: Commonwealth, Council of Europe, FAO, GATT, ICAO, ILO, IMF, Seabeds Committee, TDB, U.N., UNESCO, WHO ECONOMY: GNP: $212 million (1969 current prices), $660 per capita; 71% private consumption, 29% gross investment; 1969 growth rate 15% in current prices Agriculture: overall, 20% self-sufficient; adequate supplies of vegetables, poultry, milk and pork products; shortages in beef, grain, animal fodder, and fruits at various seasons; main products -- potatoes, cauliflowers, grapes, wheat, barley, tomatoes, citrus, cut flowers, green peppers, hogs, poultry, eggs Major industries: ship repair yard, building industry, food manufacturing, textiles, tourism Shortages: most consumer and industrial needs (fuels and raw materials) must be imported Electric power: 85,000 kw. capacity (1970); 276 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 570 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $38.2 million (1969); textiles, scrap metal, wine, agricultural products, and footwear 209 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Imports: $147.6 million (1969) Major trade partners: U.K. 44%, Italy 15.7%; EFTA 48%; EC 28.2%; Communist countries 2.5%; North and Central America 3.8% Aid: economic -- U.S., $8.3 million (1949-70), of which $0.3 million authorized in 1968, $1.7 million authorized 1969 and $0.1 million authorized in 1970; U.K. Financial Agreement (loans and grants) 1964-74, $140 million; IBRD $6 million through 1970, none since 1964; U.N. Special Fund $2.1 million through 1970, none in 1970; U.N. Technical Assistance $1.1 million through 1970, of which $0.1 million in 1970 Monetary conversion rate: 1 Maltese Pound=US$2.40 (official) Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Highways: 743 mi., 625 mi. paved (asphalt), 85 mi. crushed stone, 15 mi. improved earth, 18 mi. unimproved Ports: 2 minor Merchant marine: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 29,500 GRT, 45,900 DWT; includes 3 cargo, 2 bulk; 2 ships are foreign owned and operated Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 4 total, all usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: modern automatic telephone system centered in Valletta; 33,100 telephones; 67,000 radio receivers (including 46,700 subscribers to the wired broadcast service of Rediffusion Malta, Ltd.); 50,000 television receivers; 3 AM, 2 FM, and 1 TV stations; extensive wired broadcast service; 10 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 March 1971, $739,200; about 1.6% of central government bugdet Approved For Release 22004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 83 Approved For Release 2004/08pl aT:IPW DP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 425 sq. mi.; 31% cropland, 16% pasture, 29% forest, 24% wasteland, built on (1970) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 180 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 347,000, average annual growth rate 1.8% (FY70); males 15-49, included in France Ethnic divisions: 90% African and African-Caucasian-Indian mixture, 5% East Indian, 5% Caucasian Religion: 95% Roman Catholic, 5% Hindu and pagan African Language: French, Creole patois Literacy: over 70% Labor force: 100,000; 25% agriculture, 25% unemployed Organized labor: 17% of labor force ffltdft 5? GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Martinique Type: overseas department of France; represented by 3 deputies in the French National Assembly and 2 deputies in the Senate Capital: Fort-de-France Political subdivisions: 2 arrondissements; 34 communes, each with a locally elected municipal council Legal system: French civil law system; highest court is a court of appeal based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Guadeloupe, Guiana, and Martinique Branches: executive, Prefect appointed by Paris; legislative, popularly elected council of 36 members; judicial, under jurisdiction of French judicial system Government leader: Prefect Jean Terrade Suffrage: universal over age 21 Political parties and leaders: Union of Democrats for the Republic (UDR), Emil Maurice; Progressive Party of Martinique (PPM), Aime Cesaire; Communist Party of Martinique (PCM), Armand Nicolas; Democratic Union of Martinique, Leon-Laurent Valere; Socialist Party, leader unknown; Federation of the Left, leader unknown Voting strength: UDR, 2 seats in French National Assembly; PPM, 1 seat (1968 election) Communists: 2,000, 10,000 sympathizers Other political or pressure groups: Organization of the Anti-colonialist Martinique Youth (OJAM), Proletarian Action Group (GAP) ECONOMY: GDP: $245 million (1968), $750 per capita; real growth rate 8% (1968, est.) Agriculture: bananas, sugarcane, and pineapples Major industries: agricultural processing, particularly sugar milling and rum distillation; cement, oil refining and tourism Electric power: 26,400 kw. capacity (1970); 74 million kw.-hrs. produced (1970), 219 kw.-hrs. per capita Exports: $30 million (f.o.b., 1970), bananas, sugar, rum, pineapples Imports: $146 million (c.i.f., 1970), foodstuffs, clothing and other consumer goods, raw materials and supplies, and petroleum Major trading partners: exports -- France 82%, Italy 9%, other 9%; imports -- France 70%, United States 6%, Netherlands Antilles 3%, Netherlands 3%, other 18% (1968) Monetary conversion rate: US$1=5.5187 francs (commercial), US$1=5.3333 francs (financial), 1 October 1971 211 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 1,100 mi.; 600 mi. paved, 500 mi. gravel and earth Ports: 1 major (Fort-de-France), 5 minor Civil air: no major transport Airfields: 2 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway; 1 with runway 4,000-7,999 ft; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: domestic facilities inadequate; international facilities approaching saturation point; 15,900 telephones, 72% automatic; international radiotelegraph carriers, 25 telex circuits; inter-island VHF radio links; satellite earth station under construction and scheduled for completion at end of 1971; 1 AM radio station and 1 TV station with 3 rebroadcast transmitters; about 33,000 radio and 9,200 TV receivers DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of France 212 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 50F Approved For Release 2004/qfl 1T.ActA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 419,000 sq. mi.; less than 1% suitable for crops, 10% pasture, 90% desert (1970) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 490 mi. Labor force: about 18,000 wage earners (1964); remainder of population in farming and herding Organized labor: 18,000 union members claimed by single union, Mauritanian Workers' Union PEOPLE: Population: 1,213,000, average annual growth rate 2.3% (FY67-68); males 15-49, 287,000; 140,000 fit for military service; conscription law not implemented Ethnic divisions: 80% Moor, 20% Negro Religion: nearly 100% Muslim Language: French and Arabic official Literacy: under 5% GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Islamic Republic of Mauritania Type: republic; one-party presidential rule since 1960 Capital: Nouakchott Political subdivisions: 7 regions and a capital administration Legal system: based on French civil law system and Islamic law; constitution adopted 1961; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: president; unicameral National Assembly of 50 elected members; separate judiciary (appointed by president) Government leader: President Moktar Ould Daddah Suffrage: universal for adults Elections: presidential and parliamentary election every 5 years; most recent August 1971 Political parties and leaders: Mauritanian People's Party is only legal party, Secretary General Moktar Ould Daddah Communists: no Communist Party; sympathizers exist, particularly for Chinese Communists Member of: EAMA, FAO, ICAO, ILO, IMCO, ITU, OAU, Organization of Riparian States of the Senegal River (OERS), Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: about $170 million (1968), about $150 per capita; average annual rate of growth (real terms, 1962-66) 9% Agriculture: most Mauritanians are nomads or subsistence farmers; main crops -- livestock, small grains, dates; cash crops -- livestock, gum arabic Fishing: catch, traditional river fishing, 15,000 tons (1969), traditional sea fishing, 2,750 tons (valued at $437,000); fish supplied to processing plants by foreign fishing fleets from France, Spain, Canary Islands using Mauritanian waters; exports 21,090 tons, $7.3 million (1970) Major industries: mining of iron ore, salt fishing, exploitation of copper resources planned Electric power: 20,200 kw. capacity (1970); 38 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 32 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $71 million (f.o.b., 1967); iron ore, fish, gum arabic Imports: $25 million (c.i.f., 1967); sugar, cloth, tea, and fuels 213 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cant' d) : Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Major trade partners: (trade figures not complete because Mauritania has a form of customs union with Senegal and much local trade unreported) France and other EC members, U.K., and U.S. are main overseas partners Monetary conversion rate: 277 Communaute Financiere Africaine francs=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 400 mi. standard gage, single track, privately owned Highways: 3,785 mi.; 220 mi. paved; 500 mi. gravel,. crushed stone, or otherwise improved; 3,065 mi. unimproved Inland waterways: 500 mi. Ports: 3 major Merchant marine: 1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,520 GRT, 1,695 DWT Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft Airfields: 40 total, 29 usable; 9 with permanent-surface runways; 16 with run- ways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: telephone poor, telegraph fair; 1,200 telephones; 55,000 radio receivers; 1 AM, no FM or TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on France Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $5,400,000; 16.0% of total budget 214 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004iIlA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 720 sq. mi. (excluding dependencies); 50% agricultural, in- tensely cultivated; 39% forests, woodlands, mountains, river, and natural reserves; 3% built-up areas; 5% water bodies, 2% roads and tracks, 1% permanent wastelands (1970) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 110 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 855,000, average annual growth rate 1.5% (FY69); males 15-49, 201,000; 100,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: Indians 67%, Creoles 29%, Chinese 3.5%, English and French 0.5% Religion: 51% Hindu, 33% Christian (mostly Catholic with a few Anglican Protestants), 16% Muslim Language: English official language; Hindi, Chinese, French Creole Literacy: not known, but very high (90% of school ag30~hildrenemnlsyho,lunder- Labor force: 120,000; 65% agriculture, 5% industry; employed, or self-employed Organized labor: about 10% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Mauritius Type: independent state since 1968, recognizing Elizabeth II as chief of state Capital: Port Louis political subdivisions: 5 "organized municipalities" and various island dependencies Legal system: based on French civil law system with elements of English common law in certain areas; constitution adopted 6 March 1968 Branches: executive power exercised by Prime Minister and 15-man Council of Ministers; unicameral legislature (National Assembly) with 62 members elected by direct suffrage and 8 specially elected Government leader: Prime Minister Dr. S. Ramgoolam Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: last held in August 1967; next scheduled in 1972 postponed at least 4 years by constitutional amendment Political parties and leaders: a loose government coalition consisting of Labor Party (S. Ramgoolam), Muslim Committee of Action (A. R. Mohamed), and Parti Mauricien Social Democrate (G. Duval); Independent Forward Bloc (S. Bissoondoyal); Mauritius Democratic Union (M. Lesage); a few independents; Mouvement Militant Mauritian (P. Berenger) Voting strength: Muslim Committee of Action, 6 seats; Independent Forward Bloc, 7 seats; Mauritius Labor Party, 32 seats; Mauritius Democratic Union, 12 seats; Parti Mauricien Social Democrate, 10 seats; independent 2 seats; Mouvement Militant Mauritian 1 seat Communists: may be 2,000 sympathizers; several Communist organizations; Mauritius Lenin Youth Organization, Mauritius Women's Committee, Mauritius Communist Party, Mauritius People's Progressive Party, Mauritius Young Communist League, Mauritius Liberation Front, Chinese Middle School Friendly Association, Mauritius/USSR Friendship Society Other political or pressure groups: Tamil United Party, Mauritius Workers Party Member of: Commonwealth, OAU, ICAM, U.N. 215 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GNP: est. $157 million (1969), approximately $200 per capita Agriculture: sugar crop is major economic asset; about 40% of land area is planted to sugar;. tea production rising slowly; most food imported -- rice is the staple food -- and since cultivation is already intense and expansion of cultivable areas is unlikely, heavy reliance on food imports except sugar and tea will continue Shortage: land Industries: mainly confined to processing sugarcane, tea; some small-scale, simple manufactures; tobacco fiber; some fishing; tourism, diamond cutting, weaving and textiles Electric power: 61,340 kw. capacity (1970); 134 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 160 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $66.1 million (f.o.b., 1969); 33% foodstuffs (rice, wheat, flour, meat, fruit); manufactured goods, machinery, chemicals, fuels Imports: $59.2 million (1969); foodstuffs 40%, manufactured goods 18% Major trade partners: U.K. has preferential treatment, buys over 50% of Mauritius' sugar export at heavily subsidized prices; small amount of sugar exported to Canada, U.S., and Italy; imports from U.K. and EC primarily, also from South Africa, Australia, and Burma; some minor trade with China Aid: U.K. financed 40% of 1960-66 development programs with loans and grants totaling $33 million; U.K.'s sugar subsidies amount to approx. $30 million annually; U.S. $4.1 million since 1967 (P.L. 480); Soviet Union made some small-scale offers in 1969 Monetary conversion rate: 5.55 Mauritian rupees=US$l Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Highways: 1,100 mi.; 990 mi. paved, 110 mi. earth Civil air: no major transport aircraft Ports: 1 major, 2 minor Airfields: 6 total, 5 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway 8,000-11,999 ft. Telecommunications: 16,800 telephones; radio telegraph service with Reunion, Malagasy Republic, Seychelles, Zanzibar, and other places in Africa; 1 AM, no FM, and 4 TV stations; 103,500 radio and 18,800 TV sets; submarine cables extend to Republic of South Africa and Seychelles Islands DEFENSE FORCES: Military bud et: for fiscal year 1971-72, $2,864,000 (combined military and internal security; 6.1% of total budget 216 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 STAT Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Next 1 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/OWAMCIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 0.6 sq. mi. Land boundaries: 2.3 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: claims 3 n. mi. (fishing 12 n. mi.) Coastline 2.6 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 24,000 (official estimate for 30 September 1970) Ethnic divisions: Rhaetian stock Religion: Roman Catholicism is official state religion Language: French Literacy: almost complete Labor force: not available Organized labor: not available GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Principality of Monaco Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: Monaco Political subdivisions: 4 sections Legal system: based on French law; new constitution adopted 1962; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: National Council (18 members); Communal Council (15 members, headed by a mayor) Government leader: Prince Rainier III Suffrage: universal Elections: National Council every 5 years; most recent 1968 Political parties and leaders: National Union of Independents, National Democratic Entente (1965) Voting strength: figures for 1968 election not available; (1958) 61% National Union of Independents, 39% National Democratic Entente Communists: not available Member of:.IAEA, IHB, ITU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO ECONOMY: GNP: 55% tourism; 25%-30% industry (small and primarily tourist oriented); 10%-15% registration fees and sales of postage stamps; about 4% traceable to the Monte Carlo casino Major industries: chemicals, food processing, precision instruments, glassmaking, printing Electric power: 8,000 kw. capacity (1970); 60 million kw.-hr. supplied by France (1970), 2,250 kw.-hr. per capita Trade: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monacan trade duties Monetary conversion rate: 5.55419 francs=US$l COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1 mi. (see France) Highways: none; city streets Ports: 1 minor Merchant marine: 4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 27,400 GRT, 40,300 DWT; includes 2 cargo, 2 tankers Civil air: no major aircraft Airfields: none 219 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS (contqo roved Fob- I Q~/ 1 ~ RO 961?ffi~ b ar 62-1 Telecommunicatios: serve telephone system with about 14,800 telep5 10O;TVnreceiveorsal roa ca , FM and TV facilities; 10,500 radio and DEFENSE FORCES: France responsible for defense Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 40 Approved For Release 2004/9?QtiIgIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 604,100 sq. mi.; almost 90% of land area is pasture or desert wasteland, varying in usefulness, less than 1% arable, 10% forested (1971) Land boundaries: 4,975 mi. Religion: predominantly Tibetan Buddhist, about 4% Muslim, limited religious activity because of Communist regime Languages: Khalkha Mongol used by over 90% of population; minor languages include Turkic, Russian, and Chinese Literacy: about 80% Labor force: primarily agricultural, over half the population is in the labor force, including a large percentage of Mongolian women; acute shortage of both skilled and unskilled labor (no reliable information available) PEOPLE: Population: 1,344,000, average annual growth rate 3.0% (current); males 15-49, 286,000; 185,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (18) annually, about 14,000 Ethnic divisions: 90% Mongol, 4% Kazakh, 2% Chinese, 2% Russian 2% other GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Mongolian People's Republic Type: Communist state Capital: Ulaanbaatar Political subdivisions: 18 provinces and 2 autonomous municipalities (Ulaanbaatar and Darhan) Legal system: blend of-Russian, Chinese, and Turkish systems of law; constitution adopted 1940; no constitutional provision for judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at Ulaanbaatar State University; has not accepted compulsory I-CJ jurisdiction Branches: constitution provides for a Great People's Hural (national assembly) and a highly centralized administration Party and government leader: Y. Tsedenbal, First Secretary of the MPRP and Chairman of the Council of Ministers Suffrage: universal; age 18 and over Elections: national assembly elections held in June 1969; next elections scheduled for 1972 Political party: Mongolian People's Revolutionary (Communist) Party (MPRP); estimated membership, 48,500 (less than 5% of the population) Member of: CEMA, ECAFE, U.N., WHO ECONOMY: Agriculture: self-sufficient in animal products; main crops -- wheat, oats, barley Industries: processing of animal products and building materials; mining Exports: animal and dairy products, fluorspar, woolen textiles, leather shoes, glass, and paper Imports: machinery and equipment, petroleum., cloth, coal, and building materials, sugar, and tea Aid: heavily dependent on U.S.S.R. Monetary conversion rate: 4 tugriks=US$l (arbitrarily established) Fiscal year: calendar year 221 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : IA-RpP 0105' eggp4c 10002-1 1, 0 mi? e Railroads: 1,130 route mi.; 800 mi. broad gage 5'C (3'3 3/8") (1971) Highways: 52,000 mi.; 125 mi. paved, 5,275 mi. improved natural surface and gravel, 46,600 mi. unimproved earth (1971) DEFENSE FORCES: by U.S.S.R. Supply: military equipment supplied Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1969, 131.7 million tugriks, 7% of total budget; value in dollars $33 million (est.) 222 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 48 Approved For Release 2004/08/A8RbR6-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 158,000 sq. mi.; 19% farmland and orchard, 19% pasture, 20% forest and esparto, 42% desert, waste, or urban (1965) Land boundaries: 1,240 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 1,140 mi. Ethnic divisions: 98.9% Arab-Berber, .25% Hebrew, 1% non-Moroccan Religion: 9% Muslim, 1% Christian, .25% Jewish Language: Arabic (official); several Berber dialects; French is language of much business, government, diplomacy, and education Literacy: 10% to 15% Labor force: 4.4 million; 70% agriculture, 15% industry, 15% other (military, police, civil service, transportation, mines, teachers, merchants, construction workers) Organized labor: 10% to 15% of labor force PEOPLE: Population: 16,324,000, average annual growth rate 3.2% (FY69); males 15-49, 3,897,000; 2,645,000 fit for military service; about 180,000 reach military age (18) annually; limited conscription GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Morocco Type: constitutional monarchy (constitution adopted 1970) Capital: Rabat Political subdivisions: 19 provinces and 2 prefectures Legal system: based on Islamic law and French and Spanish civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Chamber of Supreme Court; modern legal education at branches of Mohamed V University in Rabat and Casablanca and Karaouine University in Fes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: constitution provides for Prime Minister and ministers named by and responsible to King; King has paramount executive powers; unicameral legislature; judiciary independent of other branches Government leaders: King Hassan II; Prime Minister Mohamed Karim-Lamrani Suffrage: universal over age 20 Elections: 150 members of parliament indirectly elected on 21 August 1970 and remaining 90 directly elected on 28 August 1970 Political parties and leaders: Istiqlal Party, Allal el-Fassi; Popular Movement (MP), Mahjoubi Aherdan; Constitutional and Democratic Popular Movement (MPCD), Dr. Abdelkrim Khatib; National Union of Popular Forces (UNFP), collegial leadership of Abderrahim Bouabid, Abdallah Ibrahim, and Mahjoub Ben Seddik; Democratic Socialist Party (PSD), Ahmed Reda Guedira; Party for Liberation and Socialism (PLS), established in June 1968 and banned September 1969, is front for Moroccan Communist Party (MCP), which was proscribed in 1959, Ali Yata; Istiqlal and the UNFP formed a National Front in July 1970 to oppose the new constitution, boycotted the parliamentary elections Voting strength: (1970 election) not yet available; new parliament is composed of 158 Independents, 60 Popular Movement, 9 Istiqlal, 2 UNFP, 11 other Communists: 300 est. Member of: Arab League, EC (association until 1974), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, ILO, IMC, IMCO, IMF, ITU,.OAU, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO 223 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Agriculture: cereals farming and livestock raising predominate; main crops -- cereals, citrus fruit, wine, truck garden produce, olives Major industries: mining and mineral processing, food processing, textiles Electric power: 748,300 kw. capacity (1970); 1,850 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 115 kw.-hr. per capita Monetary conversion rate: 5.06 dirhams=US$1 (IMF par value) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1,105 mi. standard gage, 100 mi. double track; 454 mi. electrified Pipelines: crude oil, 86 mi.; refined products, 307 mi.; natural gas, 18 mi. Ports: 8 major, 12 minor Merchant marine: 12 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 35,100 GRT, 46,000 DWT; includes 10 cargo, 2 specialized carrier Civil air: 10 major transport aircraft Airfields: 139 total, 84 usable; 23 with permanent-surface runways; 2 witn runways over 12,000 ft., 8 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 40 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 4 seaplane stations Telecommunications: superior system by African standards composed of open wave lines, coaxial multi-conductor and submarine cables and radio relay links; principal centers Casablanca and Rabat, secondary centers Fes, Marrakech, Oujda, Sebaa Aioun, Tangier and Ftetouan; 170,000 telephones; 934,689 radio and 173,904 TV receivers; 25 Moroccan AM, 1 Voice of America AM, 3 FM, 17 TV stations; 11 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1970, $140.8 million; 17.5% of total budget 224 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 58 Approved For Release 20044ni LAND: 292,000 sq. mi.; 30% arable, of which 1% cultivated, 56% woodland and forest, 14% wasteland and inland water (1966) Land boundaries: 2,885 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 6 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 1,800 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 8,421,000, average annual growth rate 2.2% (September 60-December 70); males 15-49, 1,953,000; service ilitar y 940,000 fit for m Ethnic divisions: 97.5% native Africans, 2.5% Europeans and Asians Religion: primarily animist, 1,100,000 Muslims, 860,000 Christians Language: Portuguese (official); many tribal dialects Literacy: 7% Labor force: (1963 est.) 610,000; 50,000 non-African wage earners, 560,000 African wage earners in Mozambique; 290,000 additional African wage earners temporarily working in Rhodesia and South Africa; unemployment serious problem, most native Africans provide unskilled labor or remain in subsistence agricultural sector Organized labor: approx. 44,000 (end of 1970); 75% are white GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Province of Mozambique Type: overseas province of Portugal Capital: Lourenco Marques Political subdivisions: province divided into 10 districts administered by district governors; municipalities governed by appointed official Legal system: based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law Branches: Governor General appointed by Lisbon is chief executive officer for internal administration; he also has certain legislative powers which he exercises with a legislative council; all action in province may be vetoed by Minister of Overseas in Lisbon; judiciary is constitutionally independent Government leader: Governor General Manuel Pimentel dos Santos Suffrage: all adults able to read and write Portuguese and in full possession of political and civil rights Political parties and leaders: National Popular Action (ANP), formerly the National Union (UN), provincial president Manuel Montiero Ribeiro Jeloso; no legal opposition political parties Other political or pressure groups: the National Liberation Front (FRELIMO), led by Moises Samora Machel, operates primarily from Tanzania; Revolutionary Committee (COREMO), led by Paulo Gumane, based in Zambia ECONOMY: GNP: $700 million (est. 1966), about $100 per capita Agriculture: cash crops -- raw cotton, cashew nuts, sugar, tea, copra, sisal; other crops -- corn, wheat, peanuts, potatoes, beans, sorghum, and cassava; self-sufficient in food except for wheat which must be imported Major industries: food processing (chiefly sugar, tea, wheat, flour, cashew kernels); chemicals (vegetable oil, oilcakes, soap, paints); petroleum products; beverages; textiles; nonmetallic mineral products (cement, glass, asbestos, cement products); tobacco 225 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Electric power: 232,000 kw. capacity (1969); 464 million kw.-hr. produced (1969), 64 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $149 million (f.o.b., 1970); cotton, sugar, cashew nuts, mineral products, timber products, tea, copra, petroleum products Imports: $288 million (c.i.f., 1970); machinery and electrical equipment, cotton textiles, vehicles, petroleum products, wine, iron and steel Major trade partners: over one-third of foreign trade with Portugal; South Africa, U.S., U.K., West Germany Aid: from Portugal only Monetary conversion rate: 28.75 escudos=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: (6 mi. double track), 92 mi. 2'5 1/2" Railroads: 2,437 mi.; 2,345 mi. 3'6" gage gage Highways: 20,000 mi.; 1,000 mi. paved; 19,000 other (mostly earth) Inland waterways: approx. 2,330 mi. of navigable routes Pipelines: crude oil, 186 mi. Ports: 3 major, 13 minor Civil air: 16 major transport aircraft Airfields: 319 total, 277 usable; 14 with permanent-surface runways; 5 with run- ways 8,000-11,999 ft., 24 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 5 seaplane stations Telecommunications: system ranks at the bottom toptwo-fifths suoflAfrican systems and employs a basic low-capacity open-wire by numerous small radiocommunication stations and a single tropospheric hscatter system; important centers are Lourenco Marques, Beira, and Tete; 25,400 telephones; 110,000 radio receivers; 9 AM, 1 FM, and no TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of Portugal Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $34.6 million; about 12.6%.of national budget Approved For Release 204/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 102 Approved For Release 2004/08/Ajjp iA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 8.2 sq. mi.; insignificant arable land, no urban areas, extensive phosphate mines (1970) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi. Coastline: 15 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 7,000 (official estimate for 30 June 1969); males 15-49, about 1,800; fit for military service, about 950; average number reaching military age (18) annually, 1971-75, less than 100 Ethnic divisions: 2,921 Nauruans, 1,167 Chinese, 428 Europeans, 1,532 other Pacific Islanders Religion: Christian (2/3 Protestant, 1/3 Catholic) Language: Nauruan, a distinct Pacific Island tongue; English, the language of school instruction, spoken and understood by nearly all Literacy: nearly universal GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Nauru Type: republic; independent since January 1968 Capital: no capital city per se; government offices in Uaboe District Political subdivisions: 14 districts Branches: President elected from and by Parliament for an unfixed term; popularly elected unicameral legislature, the Parliament; Cabinet to assist the President,. four members, appointed by President from Parliament members Government leader: President Hammer De Roburt Suffrage: universal adult Political parties and leaders: De Roburt is only significant political figure; has almost universal support of Nauruans Member of: no present plans to join U.N. or other international agencies; enjoys "special membership" in Commonwealth ECONOMY: GNP: $25 million (1970), $3,570 per capita Agriculture: negligible; almost completely dependent on imports for food, water Major industries: mining of phosphates, about 2 million tons per year (1966) Electric power: 7,600 kw. capacity (1969); 17 million kw.-hr. produced (1969), 2,429 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $17 million (f.o.b., 1968), consisting entirely of phosphates Imports: $5 million (c.i.f., 1968) Major trade partners: Australia, New Zealand, and United Kingdom Monetary conversion rate: 1 Australian dollar=US$1.12 (official) Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: about 17 mi.; 13 mi. paved, 4 mi. improved earth Inland waterways: none Ports: 1 minor Merchant marine: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 23,800 GRT; 25,500 DWT; includes 2 cargo, 1 bulk Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 1, coral-surfaced, 5,270 ft. 227 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS (cont'd ): Telecommunications: adequate interisland and international radiocommunications provided via Australian facilities; 381 telephones; 1 AM, but no TV or FM radiobroadcasting facilities; number of radios unknown DEFENSE FORCES: No formal defense structure and no regular armed forces Approved For Release 26204/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 35A Approved For Release 2004/08/9Ep jIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 54,600 sq. mi.; 16% agricultural area, 14% permanent meadows and pastures, 38% alpine land (unarable), waste, or urban; 32% forested (1966) Land boundaries: 1,720 mi. Mongolian racial strains; country divided among many quasi-tribal communities Religion: only official Hindu Kingdom in world, although no sharp distinction between many Hindu and Buddhist groups; small groups of Muslims and Christians Language: 20 mutually unintelligible languages divided into numerous dialects; Nepali official language and lingua franca for much of the country; same script as Hindi Literacy: about 12% Labor force: 4.1 million; 95% agriculture, 5% industry; great lack of skilled labor PEOPLE: Population: 11,343,000, average annual growth rate 1.8% (FY69); males 15-49, 2,796,000; 1,410,000 fit for military service; 129,000 reach military age (17) annually Ethnic divisions: two main categories, Indo-Nepalese (about 80%) and Tibeto-Nepalese (about 20%), representing considerable intermixture of Indo-Aryan and GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Nepal Type: constitutional monarchy; King Mahendra exercises autocratic control over multitiered panchayat system of government Capital: Kathmandu Political subdivisions: 75 districts, 14 zones Legal system: based on Hindu legal concepts and English common law; legal education at Nepal Law College in Kathmandu; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: Council of Ministers appointed by the King; indirectly elected National Panchayat (Assembly) Government leader: King Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Deva; Prime Minister Kirti Nidhi Bista Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: village and town councils (panchayats) elected by universal suffrage; district, zonal, and National Panchayat members indirectly elected, most for 6-year terms; 15 National Panchayat members elected from five class organizations (women, workers, youth, and ex-servicemen), four directly elected by all voters possessing a B.A. or its equivalent, and 16 are appointed by the King Political parties and leaders: all political parties outlawed Member of: ADB, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, ILO, IMF, ITU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO ECONOMY: GDP: $1 billion (1969), less than $100 per capita Agriculture: over 90% of population engaged in agriculture; main crops -- rice, corn, wheat, sugarcane, oilseeds; largely self-sufficient Major industries: small rice, jute, sugar, and oilseed mills; match, cigarette, and brick factories Electric power: 44,000 kw. capacity (1970); 61 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 6 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $55 million (FY69 est.); rice and other food products, jute, timber Imports: $62 million (FY69 est.); manufactured consumer goods, food grains and food products 229 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Major trade p Ryp_d oF, -r F? pa i2a004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Monetary conversion rate: 10.1 Nepalese rupees=US$l Fiscal year: 15 July - 14 July COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 63 mi., all narrow gage (2'6"); 50% government owned; all in Teraiarea close to Indian border and little used Highways: 1,660 mi.; 410 mi. paved, 255 mi. gravel or crushed stone, 475 mi. improved earth; 525 mi. unimproved earth, 200 mi. of seasonally motorable tracks Airfields: 47 total, 45 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 5 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: poor telephone and telegraph service; good radiocommunication and broadcast service; international radiocommunication service is poor; 5,400 telephones, 55,000 radio and no TV sets, 2 AM, no FM, and no TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: all military supplies imported; India, U.K., U.S. principal suppliers Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 20ONgWi~ICAf-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 13,100 sq. mi.; 25% arable, 31% meadows and pastures, 31% waste or urban, 8% forested; inland water areas excluded (1968) Land boundaries: 635 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi,.) Coastline: 280 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 13,261,000, average annual growth rate 1.1% (current); males 15-49, 3,320,000; 2,980,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (20) annually 116,000 Ethnic divisions: 99% Dutch, 1% Indonesian and other Religion: 41% Protestant, 40% Roman Catholic, 19% unaffiliated Language: Dutch Literacy: 98% Labor force: 4.7 million; 30% manufacturing, 24% services, 16% commerce, 10% agriculture, 9% construction, 7% transportation and communications, 4% other; 1.05% registered unemployed; no shortage of skilled labor but shortage of semi-skilled labor; 129,000 unfilled vacancies reported by employers in January, 1971 Organized labor: 33% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of the Netherlands Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: Amsterdam, but government resides at The Hague Political subdivisions: 11. provinces governed by centrally appointed commissioners of Queen Legal system: civil law system incorporating French penal theory; constitution of 1815 frequently amended, reissued 1947; judicial review in the Supreme Court of legislation of lower order than Acts of Parliament; legal education at six law schools; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: executive, (Queen and Cabinet of Ministers), which is responsible to bicameral states general (parliament); independent judiciary Government leader: Barend Willem Biesheuvel, Prime Minister. Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: must be held at least every 4 years for lower house (most recent April 1971), and every 3 years for upper house (most recent April 1971) Political parties and leaders: Catholic People's Party (KVP), A.P. van der Stee; Antirevolutionary (ARP), A. Veerman; Labor (PvdA), Andre van der Louw; Liberal (VVD), Mrs. H. van Someren-Downer; Christian Historical Union (CHU), Prof. J. W. van Hulst; Democrats '66 (D-66), J. Beekmans; Communist (CPN), Henk Hoekstra; Pacifist Socialist (PSP), H. Wiebenga; Political Reformed (SGP), H. G. Abma; Reformed Political Union (GVP), W. G. Beeftink; Radical Party (PPR), J. Tonnaer; Democratic Socialist '70 (DS-70), Dr. Wilhelm Dress, Jr. Voting strength (1971 election): 21.9% KVP, 10.3% VVD, 8.6% ARP, 6.3%'CHU, 24.6% PvdA, 6.8% D-66, 5.3% DS-70, 3.9% CPN, 1.4% PSP, 1.8% PRP, 2.4% SGP, 1.6% GVP Communists: 10,200 members; 246,328 votes in 1971 election Member of: Benelux, Council of Europe, ECE, ECSC, EC, EMA, EURATOM, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IHB, NATO, OECD, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UNESCO, WEU, WHO 231 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GNP: $31.3 billion (1970), $2,410 per capita (based on 1970 population); 56% consumption, 29% investment, 16% government, -1% net exports of goods and services; 1970 growth rate 5.9%, in 1963 constant prices Agriculture: animal husbandry predominates; main crops -- horticultural crops, grains, potatoes, sugar beets; food shortages -- grains, fats, oils; caloric intake, 3,030 calories per day per capita (1967-68) Fishing: catch 323,100 metric tons, $66,938,000 (1969); exports $94,542,000 (1969), imports $82,531,000 (1969) Major industries: food processing, metal and engineering products, electrical and electronic machinery and equipment, chemicals, and petroleum products Shortages: crude petroleum, raw cotton, base metals and ores, pulp, pulpwood, lumber, feedgrains, and oilseeds Crude steel: 5 million metric tons produced (1970), 383 kilograms per capita Electric power: 10,682,000 kw. capacity (1970); 38.7 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 2,869 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $11,772 million (f.o.b.,. 1970); foodstuffs, machinery, transportation equipment, consumer manufactures, chemicals, petroleum products, textiles Imports: $13,392 million (c.i.f., 1970); machinery, transportation equipment, consumer manufactures, crude petroleum, foodstuffs, chemicals, raw cotton, base metals and ores, pulp Major trade partners: (1970) 58.7% EC, 29.7% W. Germany, 15.5% Belgium- Luxembourg, 8.7% France, 12.9% EFTA, 6.3% U.K., 7.2% U.S., 1.7% Eastern Europe economic -- (received) U.S., $1,279 million authorized (FY46-69); none since FY58; IBRD, $236 million authorized (FY46-58), none since 1958; military -- (received) U.S., $1,241 million authorized (FY46-68), none since FY67; net official aid given to less developed areas and multilateral agencies -- $1,005 million (FY60-70), $200 million (FY70) Monetary conversion rate: 3.62 guilders=US$l (official IMF rate); actual rate 3.36 guilders=US$l (30 September 1971) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1,956 mi., standard gage; 970 mi. double track; 1,022 mi. electrified Highways: 46,000 mi.; 26,000 mi. paved, 4,000 mi. crushed stone and gravel, 16,000 mi. earth Inland waterways: 3,940 mi.; less than 962 mi. is natural river; more than 1,400 mi. navigable by craft of 1,000-ton capacity; 1,011 mi. will take 1,500-ton vessels Pipelines: crude oil, 254 mi.; refined products, 602 mi.; natural gas, 4,203 mi. Ports: 8 major, 5 minor Merchant marine: 469 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,663,800 GRT, 6,877,500 DWT; includes 8 passenger, 339 cargo, 81 tanker, 29 bulk, 12 specialized carrier Civil air: 91 major transport aircraft Airfields: 27 total, 25 usable; 16 with permanent-surface runways; 12 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 3 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: highly developed, excellently maintained, and well integrated; extensive system of multiconductor cables, supplemented by radio relay links, submarine cables, and radiocommunication stations; 3.12 million telephones; 4.81 million radiobroadcast and 3.04 million TV receivers; 5 AM, 12 FM, and 7 TV stations which provide countrywide service; 10 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $1,113 million; about 12% of central government budget 232 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 95? ( :Aqf. P79-01051 A000400010002-1 394 sq. mi.; 5% arable, 95% waste, urban, or other (1951) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 226 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 226,000, average annual growth rate 1.4% (FY69); males 15-49, 58,000; 30,000 fit for military service; about 2,000 reach military age (20) annually Ethnic divisions: 85% largely mixed Negro stock except on Aruba where 12% Negro and approx. 55% mixed Carib Indian and European; rest European with some Chinese, eciall on Aruba s e p y Religion: predominantly Roman Catholic; sizable Protestant, smaller Jewish minorities Language: officially Dutch; predominantly English; colloquial "papiamento," a Spanish-Portuguese-Dutch-English mixture Literacy: 75%-80% Labor force: 66,000; 1% agriculture, 21% industry, 21% unemployed, 8% construction, 41% government and services, 8% other Organized labor: approx. 15% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Netherlands Antilles Type: territory within Kingdom of the Netherlands, enjoying complete domestic autonomy Capital: Willemstad; Curacao, center of government Political subdivisions: 4 island territories -- Aruba, Bonaire, Curacao, and the Windward Islands -- St. Eustatius, southern part of St. Martin (northern part is French), Saba Legal system: based on civil law system, with some English common law influence; Dutch Country Statute of 1955 serves as constitution Branches: executive power, under nominal head of Governor (appointed by the Crown), exercised by 8-member Council of Ministers or Cabinet; legislative power rests with 22-member Legislative Council; independent court system under control of Chief Justice of Supreme Court of Justice (administrative functions under Minister of Justice); each island territory has island council headed by Lieutenant Governor for local administration Government leaders: Minister President Ramez Jorge Isa (new government formed 6 February 1971) Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: held every 4 years Political parties and leaders: the Democratic Party (DP); Antilles Social Progress Movement (MASA) led by Ciro Kroon; the Aruba Patriotic Party (PPA) led by S.J. Trompe; the National People's Party (NVP), S.U. Abbad; the Aruba People's Party (AVP) led by Dominico Guzman Croes; the National Aruban Union Party/Independent Aruban Party (UNA/PIA) led by A. Werleman/M. Croes; Bonaire Democratic Party led by L.A. Abraham; Windward Island Democratic Party led by A. C. Wathey; Social Progressive Action Party, S. R. Goeloe; Antillean Reform Union (URA), Roberto Suriel; Curacao Independent Party (COP), Peter Vander Hoven; Radical Peoples Party (PRP), Max de Castro; Workers' Party (Frente Obrero) -- coalition in power includes DP, PPA, and Workers' Party Voting strength (1969 local election): 46% DP/PPA; 15% NVP; 14% Worker Front; 14% AVP; 11% other (new elections may be called soon) Member of: EC (associate), WHO Approved For Release 2004/08/3123 CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GNP: $254 million (1967), $1,190 per capita; real growth rate 1967, 3.6% Agriculture: little production Major industries: petroleum refining on Curacao and Aruba; tourism on Curacao, Aruba, and St. Martin; phosphate mining on Curacao Electric power: 288,500 kw. capacity (1969); 1.3 billion kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 5,909 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $625 million (f.o.b., 1969); petroleum products, phosphate Imports: $830 million (c.i.f., 1969); crude petroleum, food manufactures Major trade partners: exports -- U.S. 43%, EC 16%, Latin America 13%, U.K. 10%, Canada 7%; imports -- Venezuela 72%, U.S. 10%, Netherlands 4% (1968) Monetary conversion rate: 1.88 Netherlands Antillean florins (NAF)=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 760 mi.; 350 mi. paved, 100 mi. gravel, 200 mi. improved earth, 110 mi. unimproved earth Ports: 3 major, 6 minor Civil air: 6 major transport aircraft Airfields: 7 total, all usable; 6 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 2 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: generally adequate telecom facilities; extensive inter- island VHF links; plan troposcatter link to Curacao, Venezuela; 26,000 telephones, 105,000 radio and 30,000 TV receivers, 10 AM and 2 TV stations, 4 telegraph submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of the Netherlands Supply: dependent on Netherlands -- which itself is dependent for heavier equipment on other non-Communist countries 234 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 102 Approved For Release 2004181 tp,CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 8,500 sq. mi.; 6% cultivable, 22% pasture land, 7% forests, 65% waste or other (1968) "AL DONi~ WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing, 3 n. mi.) Coastline: 1,000 mi. ~ 1G{PWXN~.S XN~Of5~5iA AUSTRALIA Labor force: size unknown; Javanese and Tonkinese laborers were imported for plantations and mines in pre-World War II period; immigrant labor now coming from Wallis Islands, New Hebrides, and French Polynesia Organized labor: unorganized PEOPLE: Population: 108,000, average annual growth rate 2.6% (May 63-March 69) Ethnic divisions: Melanesian-Polynesian admixture, over 28,000 Europeans of French extraction Religion: natives 90% Christian Language: Melanesian-Polynesian aialects Literacy: unknown GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Overseas Territory of New Caledonia Type: French overseas territory; represented in French parliament by one deputy and one Senator Capital: Noumea Political subdivisions: 4 islands or island group dependencies -- Isle of Pines, Loyalty Islands, Huon Islands, Island of New Caledonia Legal system: French law Branches: administered by Governor, who is also High Commissioner for France in the Pacific; responsible to French Ministry for Overseas France and Governing Council; Assemblee Territoriale Government leader: Jean Risterucci, Governor and French High Commissioner Suffrage: restricted (1957 election roll listed 32,370 males and females over 21 years of age, of whom 18,964 were classed as indigenous inhabitants) Elections: Assembly elections in 1967 Political parties and leaders: Union Caledonienne, led by M. Rock Pidjot; Entente Caledonienne, Lafleur; Caledonie Nouvelle; Union des Patentes Voting strength (1967 election): Union Caledonienne, 22 seats; Entente Caledon- ienne, (alliance of R. C. Caledonienne and United Nouvelle Republique), 10 seats; Caledonie Nouvelle, 2 seats; Union des Patentes, 1 seat Communists: number unknown; Union Caledonienne strongly leftist; some political- ly active Communists were deported during 1950's; small number of North Vietnamese Other political parties and pressure groups: several lesser parties ECONOMY: GNP: $190 million, $1,780 per capita (1969 est.) Agriculture: main crops -- coffee, copra, fruits, and vegetables Industry: mining of nickel Electric power: 105,000 kw. capacity (1970); 725 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 6,780 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $131 million (f.o.b., 1969) 98% nickel Imports: $124 million (c.i.f., 1969) Major trade partners: (1968) exports -- France (47%), Japan (40%); imports -- France (49%), Australia (19%) Monetary conversion rate: 95 CFP francs=US$l Approved For Release 2004/08/3135CIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Railroads: none Highways: 2,900 mi.; 180 mi. paved; 1,170 mi. gravel, crushed stone, or stabilized surface; 1,550 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: none Ports: 1 major, 21 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 34 total, 29 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 airfield over 8,000 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: 8,073 telephones; 25,000 radio and 8,000 TV sets; 1 AM, no FM, and 1 TV stations 236 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 STAT Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Next 1 Page(s) In Document Exempt Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/0O1 R~lJJ/ -RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 .- 11 LAND: 57,100 sq. mi.; 7% arable, 7% prairie and pasture, 50% forest, 36% urban, waste, or other (1963) Land boundaries: 760 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing, 200 n. mi. Coastline: 565 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 1,926,000, average annual growth rate 2.6% (April 63-September 71); males 15-49, 505,000; 300,000 fit for military service; 24,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 75% mestizo, 15% white, 10% Negro, Indian or mulatto Religion: 96% Roman Catholic Language: Spanish (official); small English-speaking minority on Atlantic coast Literacy: 50% of population 10 years of age and over Labor shortage7of;skilledrlabor~,rbutlunderemploymentg of lun- skilled labor except during harvest Organized labor: about 6% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Nicaragua Type: republic; dominated by president Capital: Managua Political subdivisions: 1 national district and 16 departments Legal system: based on Spanish civil law system; constitution adopted in 1950; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; legal education at Universidad Nacional de Nicaragua; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: President, bicameral legislature, judiciary elected by legislature, and Supreme Electoral Tribunal (4th branch) Government. leader: President Anastasio Somoza Debayle Suffrage: universal over age 18 if married or literate, otherwise 21 Elections: every 5 years; however, due to agreement between liberal and conservative parties', next elections will not be held until mid-1974 Political parties and leaders: Nationalist Liberal Party (PLN), Anastasio Somoza, Ramiro Sacasa, Francisco Urcuyo; Alfonso Callejas; Traditionalist Conservative Party (PCT), Fernando Aguero Rocha; Nicaraguan Conservative Party (PCN), Alejandro Abaunza Marenco, Enrique Belli Chamorro; Independent Liberal Party (PLI), not legal, Victor Manuel Ordonez, Arges Sequeira, Juan Manuel Gutierrez; Social Christian Party (PSC), not legal, Ignacio Zelaya, Cesar Delgadillo (President) and Roberto Ferrey (Secretary General) Voting strength (1967 elections): PLN 480,162 votes (74%), PCN 14,650 votes (2%), PCT and supporting parties, 157,432 votes (24%) Member of: CACM, FAO, GATT, IADB, IAEA, ICAO, ICJ, ILO, INTELSAT, ITU, OAS, ODECA, Seabeds Committee (observer) U.N., UNESCO, UNICEF, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $933 million (purchasing power parity estimate, 1970), $470 per capita; 73% private consumption, 10% government consumption, 19% domestic investment, -2% net foreign balance; real growth rate 1970, 4.5% Agriculture: main crops -- cotton, coffee, sugarcane, rice, corn, beans; caloric intake, 2,300 calories per day per capita (1966) Fishing: catch 7,200 tons (1970) Major industries: food processing, textiles and clothing, chemicals, petroleum products 239 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Electric power: 173,000 kw. capacity (1969 est.); 550 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 290 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $179 million (1970); cotton, coffee, cottonseed, meat, sugar Imports: $178 million (1970); machinery, equipment, vehicles, manufactures, chemicals, foods, fuels Major trade partners: exports -- U.S. 33%, Japan 19%, CACM 21%; imports -- U.S. 38%, CACM 24%, West Germany 7% (1969) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70), $105.8 million loans, $61.4 million grants; international organizations, $124.2 million (1946-69); military -- from U.S. (FY53-70), $12.8 million (1946-70) Monetary conversion rate: 7 cordobas=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 220 mi.; 200 mi. of 3'6" gage, government owned; 20 mi. narrow gage, privately owned Highways.: 6,400 mi.; 750 mi. paved, 600 mi,. gravel or crushed stone, 1,850 mi. improved earth, 3,200 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 1,380 mi., including 2 large lakes Pipelines: crude oil, 36 mi. Freight carried: rail 1960 -- 25 million ton/km. Ports: 4 major, 6 minor Merchant marine: 4 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 9,800 GRT, 14,800 DWT Civil air: 10 major transport aircraft Airfields: 459 total, 414 usable; 5 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with run- way 8,000-11,999 ft., 8 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations Telecommunications: extensive but low-capacity wire network; single radio relay link; 23,500 telephones; est. 700,000 radio and 55,000 TV receivers, 70 AM, 26 FM, and 5 TV stations; satellite ground service station scheduled to enter service in 1973 DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent primarily upon U.S. Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1970, $11.6 million for the Ministry of Defense, including civil functions (e.g., police and civil air); 11.8% of central government budget Approved For Release904/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 50L Approved For Release 2004/08~3q%IA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 489,000 sq. mi.; about 3% cultivated, perhaps 20% somewhat arable, remainder desert (1970) Land boundaries: 3,570 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 4,182,000, average annual growth rate 2.7% (FY70); males 15-49, 988,000; 555,000 fit for military service; about 33,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: main Negroid groups 75% (of which, Hausa 50%, Djerma and Songhai 21%); Caucasian elements include Tuareg, Toubous, and Tamacheks; mixed group includes Fulani Religion: 80% Muslim, remainder largely animists and a very few Christians Language: French official, many African languages; Hausa used for trade Literacy: about 5% Labor force: 26,000 wage earners; bulk of population engaged in subsistence agriculture and animal husbandry Organized labor: negligible GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Niger Type: republic; one-party rule established 1960 Capital: Niamey Political subdivisions: 7 departments, 32 arrondissements Legal system: based on French civil law system and customary law; constitution adopted 1960; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: President selected for 5 years by direct universal suffrage; unicameral, 60-member National Assembly elected for 5 years; judiciary constitutionally independent of executive and legislature Government leader: President Diori Hamani Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: presidential and parliamentary elections in 1970; about 99% of voters approved unopposed-official candidates Political parties and leaders: Parti Progressiste Nigerien (PPN), led by Diori Hamani Communists: some Communists and Communist sympathizers, especially among supporters of outlawed Sawaba party Member of: EAMA, Entente, FAO, GATT, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMF, ITU, Lake Chad Basin Commission, OAU, OCAM, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $319 million (1966 est.), less than $100 per capita Agriculture: commercial -- peanuts, cotton, livestock; main food crops -- millet, sorghum, niebe beans, vegetables Major industries: cement plant, brick factory, rice mill, small cotton gins, oil presses, slaughterhouse, and a few other small light industries; uranium production began., in 1971 Electric power: 40,000 kw. capacity (1970); 40 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 10 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $31.4 million (f.o.b., 1968-69 est.); about 74% peanuts and related products, rest largely livestock, hides, skins; exports badly understated because much regional trade not recorded Imports: $31.2 million (c.i.f., 1968-69 est.); fuels, machinery, transport equip- ment, foodstuffs, consumer goods (largely for European residents); sizable imports unrecorded Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Major trade partners: France (about 50%), other EC countries, Nigeria, UDEAC countries, U.S.; preferential tariff to EC and franc zone countries Aid: economic -- France (1960 to mid-1967) $68 million; EC (1966-67) $51.3 million; U.S. (FY62-70) $15.8 million; West Germany, Israel, Republic of China, and U.N. have also extended aid; military -- $2.8 million (1954-68) Monetary conversion rate: 277 Communaute Financiere Africaine francs=US$l (official) Fiscal year: 1 October - 30 September COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: approx. 4,300 mi.; 300 mi. bituminous, 1,850 mi. gravel, 2,150 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: Niger River navigable 185 miles from Niamey to Gaya on the Dahomey frontier from mid-December through March Ports: Niger landlocked; outlet to sea is Cotonou, Dahomey Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft Airfields: 74 total, 59 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 15 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: principal telecommunication center Niamey; telephone poor, telegraph fair, 3,300 telephones; 85,000 radio receivers; unknown number of TV receivers; 4 AM, no FM, and 1 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on France exclusively until 1964; since then has obtained ground force materiel from other non-Communist countries including Belgium, Israel, and West Germany Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 September 1971, $3,665,000; 8.0% of total budget 242 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/R,?~I:ACIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 357,000 sq. mi.; 24% arable (13% of total land area under cultivation), 35% forested, 41% desert, waste, urban, or other (1969) Land boundaries: 2,501 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 30 n. mi. Coastline: 530 mi. PEOPLE: Population: about 57,000,000, average annual growth rate 2 7?/ (current) males 15-49, 12,940,000; 6,270,000 fit GV4 5A ARABIA for military service total over are 60% Hausa-Fulani of population; Ethnic divisions: 250 tribal l groups, of these which 3 trimostbes important (north), Ibo and Yoruba (south); about 27,000 non-Africans 18.3% other Religion: 47% Muslim, 34.5% Christian, Literacy: est. 25% Language: English official; Hausa, Yoruba, and Ibo also widely used 80% of those 11 Labor force: approx. 26.6 million; about 48% of total population, to 55 years of age of both sexes, are accounted "economically active,; only stry, about 700,000 are wage earners, of whom 8% are in agriculture, ftre% hunting, and fishing; 7% mining and quarrying; 8% maing; construction; 2% electricity; 8% commerce; 8% transportation and communication; 37% services approx. 2% of total labor force, Organized labor: about 530,000 wage earners, app belong to some 666 unions GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Nigeria Type: federal republic since 1963; under military rule since January 1966, military rule scheduled to last until 1976 Capital: Lagos Political subdivisions: 12 states, each headed by a military governor tribal law, and Islamic law; new Legal system: based on English common law, Aconstitution to be drafted; legal educati~nratdUniversities ofsIfe, Ahmadu, ma Bello, and Lagos; accepts compulsory ICJ Council Branches: Federal Military Government, administered by Supreme Military and Federal Executive Council, which includes 13 civilian commissioners (ministers) Government Government leader: Maj. Gen. Yakubu Gowon, Head of Federal Military and Commander in Chief of Nigerian Armed Forces women in former Northern Region) Suffrage: universal adult suffrage (except Elections: sometime in next 6 years Political parties and leaders: political parties 1966posomecsubrosatpoliticall societies were dissolved by decree on activity continues Member of: Commonwealth, FAD,UTAEA,IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, OAU, Seabeds Committee, U.N., ECONOMY: GDP: $4.9 billion (1970 est.), probably about $80 per capita; 6.3% growth rate assumed FY69-70 Agriculture: main crops -- peanuts, cotton, cocoa, rubber, yams, cassava, , palm kernels, millet, corn, rice; livestock; almost self-sufficient sorghum Fishing: catch 114,000 tons (1970 est.); imports $4 million (1970) 243 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (): Major industries: processing industries -- oil palm, peanut, cotton, rubber, petroleum, wood, hides, skins; manufacturing industries -- textiles, cement, building materials, food products, footwear, chemical, printing, ceramics; mining -- crude oil, natural gas, coal, tin, columbite Electric power: 1,111,000 kw. capacity (1970 est.); 1,667 million kw.-hr. produced (1970 est.), 30 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $1,240 million (f.o.b., 1970); oil, peanuts, palm products, cocoa, rubber, cotton, timber, tin Imports: $1,059 million (c.i.f., 1970); machinery and transport equipment, manu- factured goods, textiles, chemicals Major trade partners: U.K., EC, U.S. Monetary conversion rate: 1 Nigerian pound=US$2.80 (official) Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,180 route mi.; 3'6" gage Highways: 55,400 mi.; 9,475 mi. paved (mostly bituminous surface treatment); 45,925 mi. laterite, gravel, crushed stone, improved earth Inland waterways: 5,330 mi. consisting of Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and creeks; additionally, the newly formed Kainji Lake has several hundred miles of navigable lake routes Pipelines: crude oil, 581 mi.; natural gas, 56 mi.; refined products, 3 mi. Ports: 4 major, 5 minor Merchant marine: 14 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 84,800 GRT, 123,800 DWT Civil air: 9 major transport aircraft Airfields: 86 total, 73 usable; 12 with permanent-surface runways; 4 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 26 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 4 seaplane stations Telecommunications: one of the best systems in Africa composed of radio-relay links, open-wire lines, and radiocommunication stations; principal center 86 ,FM, 1tati,275,000 receiverssecondary , Ibadan 25 AM, Kaduna; radio Lagos, submarine cables Approved For Release 20644108/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/0$W WpCIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: sq. mi.; Norway: 125,000 sq. mi.; Svalbard, 24,000 Jan Mayen, 144 sq. mi.; 3% arable, 2% meadows and pastures, 21% forested, 74% other (1968) Land boundaries: 1,603 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 4 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. ml.) Coastline: mainland 2,125 mi.; islands 1,500 mi. (excludes long fjords and numerous small islands and minor indentations which total as much as 10,000 mi. overall) PEOPLE: population: 3,926,000, average annual growth rate 0.9% (current); males 15-49, 907,000; 732,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (20) annually, 31,000 Ethnic divisions: homogeneous white population, small Lappish minority Religion: 96% Evangelical Lutheran, 4% other Protestant and Roman Catholic, 1% other Language: Norwegian, small Lapp and Finnish-speaking minorities Literacy: 99% Labor force: 1.6 million; 19.5% agriculture, forestry, fishing, 27.0% mining and manufacturing, 9.5% construction, 13.3% commerce, 11.9% transportation and communication, 17.7% services; 1.1% unemployed Organized labor: 60% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Norway Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: Oslo Political subdivisions: 20 counties, 404 communes, 47 towns Legal system: mixture of customary law, civil law system, and common law traditions; constitution adopted 1814, modified 1884; Supreme Court renders advisory opinions to legislature when asked; legal education at University of Oslo; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: legislative authority rests jointly with Crown and parliament (Storting); creresponsible to executive power vested in Crown but exercised by04cabinet parliament; Supreme Court, 5 superior courts, Government leaders: King Olav V; Prime Minister Trygve Bratteli Suffrage: universal, but not compulsory, over age 20 Elections: held every 4 years (next in 1973) Political parties and leaders: Conservative, Kare Willoch; Christian Liberal Helge Seip; Labor, Lars Korvald; Center, John Austrheim; Bratteli; Socialist Peoples, Finn Gustavsen; Communist, Reidar Larsen Voting strength (1969 election): 19.6% Conservative; 9.4% Christian Peoples; 10.5% Center; 9.4% Liberal; 46.5% Labor; 3.5% Socialist Peoples; 1.0% Communist Communists: 2,000; a number of sympathizers as indicated by the 22,500 Communist votes cast in the 1969 election Member of: Council of Europe, EFTA, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, NATO, Nordic Council, OECD, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO 245 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A00040001( 002-1 55.1% consumption; 28.8% roves men , ECONOMY: GNP: $11.1 billion (1970), $2,860 per capita; including government; 17.8% government, including defense (current); net foreign balance -1.7%; 1969 growth rate 4.8%, in 1969 fc eedtgraipnslcpotatoes, - , Agriculture: animal husbandry predominates; main crops - fruits, vegetables; 40% self-sufficient; food shortages -- food grains, sugar:, d er ca ita (1968-69) p caloric intake, 2,910 calories per ay p Fishing: catch 2,695,633 metric tons (1970), $14.7 million; exports $190 million, imports $11 million products, metals, machinery, Major industries: food processing, wood pulp, paper p chemicals, shipbuilding 4 Shortages: feed and bread grains, coal, petroleum and petroleum products, cotton, wool Crude steel: 870,133 metric tons produced 970)572204kil o g amskwerhrapproduced Electric power: 12,580,000 kw. capacity (1970); (1970), 14,500 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2,498 million (f.o.b., 1969); principal items -- fish and fish products, metal and metal products, pulp and paper, chemicals, ships Imports: $3,670 million (c.i.f., 1969); principal items -- ships, machinery, fuels, foodstuffs Major trade partners: 17.2% Sweden, 15.3% U.K., 14.7% West Germany, 7% U.S., 6.9% Denmark; 26.2% EC; 44.6% EFTA; 2.6% Communist countries (1969) Aid: $1.2 million in 1967, economic -- U.S., $355.2 million authorized (1946-70), $2.1 million in 1970; IBRD, $145 million authorized through 1970, none since.1964; net official economic aid given tless developed and multilateral agencies, $134.2 million (1960-69), $26.6 million (1969); $24.2 million (1968), military -- U.S., $900 million authorized (1946-70), $11.0 million (1969), $0.3 million (1970) Monetary conversion rate: 7.14 kroner=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: 1,420 mi. electrified, Railroads: 2,711 mi.; 2,669 mi. single track standard gage; including 47 mi. double track Highways: 44,180 mi.; 7,135 mi. paved, 37,045 mi. crushed stone and gravel Inland waterways: 980 mi.; 5' draft vessels maximum Pipelines: refined products, 33 mi. Ports: 9 major, 69 minor 20,492,000 GRT, Merchant marine: 1;168 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 34,344,400 DWT;. includes 25 passenger, 425 cargo, 291 tanker, 264 bulk, 163 specialized carrier Civil air: 47 major transport aircraft se11 with runwayspermanent-surface Airfields: 6usable; aplane 4r,000-7,999 ft.; 24runways; , 143withwith runways 8,000-a11,999 stations Telecommunications: high-quality domestic and intenation al elephone, telegraph, and telex service; 1,091,000 telephones; 1.9 million 816,941 TV receivers; 34 AM, 43 FM, and 41 TV stations (including many high powered transmitters); 6 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $410 million; about 13% of central government budget Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 32B Approved For Release 2004/08/ 1 CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: About 82,000 sq. mi.; negligible amount forested, remainder desert, waste, or urban Land boundaries: 860 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 1,300 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 688,000 (official est. 1 July 1966), average annual growth rate 3.1% (current); males 15-49, 166,000; 85,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: almost entirely Arab with small groups of Iranians, Baluchis, and Indians Religion: Muslim Language: Arabic Literacy: very low GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Sultanate of Oman Type: absolute monarchy; nominally independent but under strong U.K. influence Capital: Muscat Legal system: based on English common law and Islamic law; no constitution; ultimate appeal to the Sultan; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Government leader: Sultan Qabus ibn Said Al Bu Sa'id Member of: Arab League, U.N. ECONOMY: Agriculture: based on subsistence farming (fruits, dates, cereals, cattle, camels, fish) and trade Major industries: petroleum discovery in 1964; production began in 1967; production 1970 equaled 333,000 b.p.d.; pipeline capacity 400,000 b.p.d.; revenue for 1970 about 108 million Electric pbwer: 24,000 kw. capacity (1970); 70 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 120 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: petroleum exports worth $140 million (1968); dates, fish, limes, hides, wool $930,000 (1970) Imports: household goods, automobiles, electrical goods, machinery $18 million (1970) Major trade partners: U.K., Gulf states, India, Australia, China, Japan Aid: multilateral annual average 1967-69 $350,000 Monetary conversion rate: new currency introduced Riyal Said; R0.42=US$l Fiscal year: no budget year COMMUNICATIONS: Pipelines: crude oil 223 mi. Ports: 7 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 188 total, 111 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 36 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: poor international radiocommunications (service to Bahrain only); very poor domestic wire service; 800 telephones; 1 AM station; tropospheric scatter-link to Bahrain 247 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 36 Approved For Release 2004/&/ T/qlA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 405,000 sq. mi. (includes Pakistani part of Jammu-Kashmir) (West Pakistan 86%; East Pakistan 14% in two non- contiguous provinces); 38% arable, including 24% cultivated, 58% desert, waste, or urban, 4% forested (1967) Land boundaries: 6,925 mi. (West Pakistan 5,350 mi., East Pakistan 1,575 mi.) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 1,010 mi. (West Pakistan 650 mi., East Pakistan 360 mi.) PEOPLE: Population: 117,827,000* (excluding Junagardh, Manavador, Gilgit, Baltistan, and the disputed area of Jammu-Kashmir, and including several million refugees who entered India from East Pakistan during 1971), average annual growth rate 2.1% (FY70); East Pakistan 62,408,000, average annual growth rate 1.9% (FY70); West Pakistan 55,419,000, average annual growth rate 2.4% (FY70); males 15-49, 28,332,000; 15,150,000 fit for military service; 1,484,000 reach military age (17) annually Ethnic divisions: West Pakistan -- 66.4% Punjabi, 12.6% Sindhis, 7.6% Urdu, 4.6% other; East Pakistan -- 98.4% Bengali, 1.6% other Religion: 88% Muslim, 10% Hindu, 2% other Language: official, Urdu (West Pakistan) and Bengali (East Pakistan); total spoken languages -- 4% Urdu, 55% Bengali, 25% Punjabi, 6% Pushtu, 10% minor languages (Sindhi, Baluchi, Brahui); English is lingua franca Literacy: about 16% Labor force: 30 million (est. 1961); 73% agriculture, 10% industry, 5% commerce, 10% service, 2% unemployed; substantial shortage of skilled labor; seasonal shortages of unskilled labor in some areas; severe underemployment Organized labor: 5% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan Type: republic (by late 1971 Pakistan's future as a unified state was gravely in doubt as a result of the open rebellion of the Bengalis in East Pakistan who are demanding independence as the nation of Bangla Desh; the outbreak of the hostilities between India and Pakistan in early December, and New Delhi's subsequent recognition of Bangla Desh would appear to-mark the beginning of the end of West Pakistan's authority over the eastern wing of the country) Capital: Islamabad; many government offices functioning in Rawalpindi, temporary capital Political subdivisions: 2 noncontiguous wings -- West Pakistan and East Pakistan; East Pakistan is one province, and West Pakistan has 4 provinces -- Punjab, Sind, Baluchistan, Northwest Frontier -- with the capital territory of Islamabad and certain tribal areas centrally administered *Based on data reported by Pakistan's Central Statistical Office, the Pakistani population was est. at 117,827,000 on 1 January 1972. Projections based on estimates used by Pakistan's Planning Commission, which allows for an underenumeration of 8% in the 1961 census suggest, however, that the population may be as high as 135 million. 249 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT (cont' d) Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Legal system: based on English common law; constitution of 1962 abrogated by martial law regime, but country governed as closely as possible in accordance vith it, although several important basic rights have been rescinded; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; six law schools, including University of Punjab School of Law in Lahore; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Government leaders: President and Martial Law Administrator Yahya Khan, assisted by Deputy Martial Law Administrators Vice Admiral Muzaffar Hasan, Air Marshal A. Rahim Khan, and Gen. Abdul Hamid Khan Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: national elections for 313-member National Assembly based on one-man/ a one-vote formula, and for provincial assemblies were held in December 1970; subsequently about half of the East Pakistanis elected were disqualified Political parties and leaders: Awami League (AL) (outlawed), Mujibur Rahman (jailed), Tajuddin Ahmed (in exile); Pakistan People's Party (PPP), Z. A. Bhutto; Council Muslim League (CML), Mumtaz Daultana; Jama'at-i-Islam (JI), ? Maulana Madoodi; Pakistan Democratic Party (PDP), Nurul Amin; National Awami Party/Left (NAP/L), Maulana Bhashani (in exile); National Awami Party/ Requisitionist (NAP/R), Abdul Wali Khan; All Pakistan Muslim League (PML/ Qaiyum), Abdul Qaiyum Khan; Markazi Jamiat-ul-Ulema-i-Pakistan (MJUP), Khamaja Qamar-u-Din Sialvi; Jamiat-ul-Ulema-i-Islam (JUI), Maulana Ghulam Ghaus Hazarvi, Mufti Mahmud Member of: ADB, CENTO, Colombo Plan, Commonwealth, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, RCD, Seabeds Committee, SEATO,,U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $16.2 billion (FY71), $120 per capita; real growth (FY71) 5.8% Agriculture: largely subsistence farming, heavily dependent on monsoon rainfall in East Pakistan and extensive irrigation in West Pakistan; main crops -- Jute and rice in the East, and wheat and cotton in the West; West largely self-sufficient; East -- shortages in rice and wheat Fishing: catch 455.9 thousand tons, $191.8 million (1969) Major industries: cotton textiles, jute manufacturers, food processing, natural gas Electric power: 2,616,000 kw. capacity (1970); 7.85 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 69 kw.-hr. per capita =xports: $706 million (f.o.b., FY71); jute and cotton (raw and manufactured) Imports: $1,071 million (c.i.f., FY71) machinery, transport equipment, chemicals Major trade partners: U.S., U.K., Japan, West Germany Monetary conversion rate: 4.762 rupees=US$l Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 7,049 mi. (5,322 mi. West, 1,752 mi. East); 1,455 mi. meter gage (277 mi. West, 1,178 mi. East) 5,219 mi. broad gage (4,665 mi. West, 554 mi. East); 400 mi. narrow gage (380 mi. West, 20 mi. East); 722 mi. double track (635 mi. West, 87 mi. East); government owned Highways: 71,850 mi. (43,500 mi. West, 28,350 mi. East); 15,159 mi. paved (12,700 mi. West, 2,450 mi. East); 14,200 mi. gravel (12,450 mi. West, 1,750 mi. East); 42,500 mi. earth (18,350 mi. West, 24,150 mi. East) Inland waterways: 4,600 mi., East Pakistan; 1,150 mi., West Pakistan; river steamers navigate main waterways in East Pakistan Pipelines: crude oil, 143 mi.; natural gas, 1,200 mi. Ports: 2 major, 10 minor Merchant marine: 76 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 604,800 GRT, 816,700 DWT; includes 5 passenger, 68 cargo, 1 tanker, 2 bulk Civil air: 23 major transport aircraft (includes 2 leased) Airfields: 251 total, 133 usable; 80 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway over 12,000 ft., 22 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 68 with runways 4,000- 7,999 ft.; 3 seaplane stations 250 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 .e lease 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 o COMMUNICA SYpo 0cC) Telecommunications: excellent international radiocommunication service over CENTO links; domestic wire and radiocommunication and broadcast service very good; 193,493 telephones; 1,626,146 radio and 80,000 TV sets; 12 AM, no FM, and 7 stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June 1971 $630,000,000; about 27% of total budget 251 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 77 Approved For Release 2004/0$41,.CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 29,208 sq. mi. (excluding Canal Zone, 553 sq. mi.); 24% agricultural land (9% fallow, 4% cropland, 11% pasture), 20% exploitable forest, 56% other forests, urban, and waste (1967 crop year) Land boundaries: 390 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 200 n. mi. Coastline: 1,545 mi. PEOPLE: average annual growth rate 3.0% 000 497 1 i , , , on: Populat (December 60 - May 70); males 15-49, 364,000; 250,000 fit for military service; no conscription Ethnic divisions: 70% mestizo, 14% Negro, 9% white, 7% Indian and other Religion: over 90% Roman Catholic, remainder mainly Protestant Language: Spanish; about 14% speak English as native tongue; many Panamanians bilingual Literacy: 80% of population 10 years of age and over Labor force: 390,000 (1967 est.); 49.1% agriculture, 19.9% services, 9.8% commerce, 8.4% manufacturing, 3.6% construction, 2.6% transportation and communications, 1% other (1964 est.); 5.6% Canal Zone; national average of 5% or less unemployed; 25% to 30% of unemployed in Panama and Colon; shortage of skilled labor but an oversupply of unskilled labor Organized labor: 5% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Panama Type: republic; under military rule since October 1968 Capital: Panama Political subdivisions: 9 provinces, 1 Indian reservation Legal system: based on civil law system; constitution adopted in 1946; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; legal education at University of Panama; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: popularly elected executive and unicameral legislature (currently disbanded), presidentially appointed Supreme Court Government leaders: elected President Arias ousted by military Junta on 11 October 1968; locus of power remains with National Guard Commandant, General Omar Torrijos; Demetrio Lakas is President of the Provisional Junta Government and Chief of State Suffrage: universal and compulsory over age 21 Elections: May 1968 elections won by National Union (NU) coalition candidate Arnulfo Arias Madrid, who assumed presidency on 1 October 1968; elections held every 4 years; elections for assembly of representatives of the corregimientos to be held by August 1972 Political parties and leaders: political parties suspended pending revision of electoral code Voting strength (1968 election): 55% Arnulfo Arias Madrid (National Union Coalition), 42% David Samudio (People's Alliance), 3% Antonio Gonzalez Revilla (Christian Democratic Party) Member of: IADB, IAEA, ICAO, OAS, U.N. 253 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: GNP: $1.32 billion (purchasing power parity estimate, 1970), $900 per capita; 68% private consumption, 14% government consumption, 22% gross fixed investment, -4% net foreign balance (1969); real growth rate 1970, 7.0% Agriculture: main crops -- bananas, rice, corn, coffee, sugarcane; self-sufficient in most basic foods; 2,400 calories per day per capita (1965-66) Fishing: catch 32,000 tons, $8 million (1970); exports $10.9 million (1969); imports $1.5 million (1969) Major industries: food processing, metal products, construction materials, petroleum products, clothing Electric power: 218,000 kw. capacity (1969 est.); 621 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 480 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $114 million (f.o.b., 1970); bananas, petroleum products, shrimp, sugar, coffee Imports: $353 million (c.i.f., 1970); manufactures, transportation equipment, crude petroleum, foodstuffs, chemicals Major trade partners: U.S. 43%, Venezuela 15%, Canal Zone 9%, Colon Free Zone 6% (1969) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70), $153.1 million loans, $101.6 million grants; from international organizations (FY46-69), $53.5 million; from other Western countries (1960-68), $14.0 million; military -- assistance from U.S. (FY61-70), $4 million Monetary conversion rate: 1 balboa=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 345 mi.; 48 mi. 5'0" gage, 107 mi. 3'0" gage; 190 mi. plantation feeder lines Highways: 4,200 mi.; 950 mi. paved, 700 mi. gravel or crushed stone, 300 mi. improved earth, 2,250 mi. unimproved earth; Panama Canal Zone 145 mi.; 140 mi. paved; 5 mi. gravel Inland waterways: 500 mi. navigable by shallow draft vessels; 50-mile Panama Canal Pipelines: refined products, 56 mi. Ports: 2 major, 10 minor Merchant marine: 742 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 6,131,000 GRT, 9,670,700 DWT; includes 13 passenger, 458 cargo, 168 tanker, 70 bulk, 33 specialized carrier; all foreign owned and operated Civil air: 28 major transport aircraft Airfields: 237 total, 120 usable; 15 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft.; 10 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations Telecommunications: domestic and international telecom facilities well developed, including nearly nationwide radio-relay system; communications satellite ground station; 72,900 telephones; 550,000 radio and 108,000 TV receivers, 77 AM, 25 FM, and 13 TV stations; 1 coaxial submarine cable Approved For Release22%04/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 102 Approved For Release 2~Ro(98g1 : I DP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 183,540 sq. mi. (Papua 90,540 sq. mi., New Guinea 93,000 sq. mi.) Land boundaries: 600 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: about 2,000 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 2,566,000, average annual growth rate 2.8% (FY67-70); males 15-49, 668,,000?(Papua 173,000, New Guinea 485,000); about 345,000 fit for military service 000) Guinea 255 N 00 , ew , (Papua 90,0 Ethnic divisions: predominantly Melanesian and Papuan, some Negrito, Micronesian, and Polynesian types Religion: over one-half of population nominally Christian (490,000 Catholic, 320,000 Lutheran, other Protestant sects); remainder animist Language: 700 indigenous languages; pidgin English and 2 or 3 native languages are linguae francae for over one-half of population; English spoken.by 1% to 2% of population Literacy: 1%; in English, 0.1% Labor force: no available figures; mostly subsistence farmers GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Papua New Guinea Type: dependent territory under Administrator appointed by Australia Capital: Port Moresby Political subdivisions: 18 administrative districts (12 in New Guinea, 6 in Papua); New Guinea (including Bismarck archipelago and Bougainville) is a U.N. Trust Territory Legal system: based on English common law; highest judicial organ is High Court of Australia Branches: executive -- Administrator and Executive Council; legislature -- House of Assembly (94 members, including 10 appointed); judiciary -- court system consists of Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea and various inferior courts (District Courts, Local Courts, Children's Courts, Wardens' Courts); Supreme Court decisions may be appealed to High Court of Australia Government leader: Administrator, L. W. Johnson Elections: preferential-type elections for 84 members of 94-member House of Assembly every 4 years; 10 are appointed "official" members; last elections in February-March 1968 Political parties: proindependence Pangu Pati is principal political group; 5 or 6 other small parties and numerous independents Suffrage: universal adult suffrage Voting strength (1968 election): 1.18 million registered voters,'of which an estimated 65% to 75% voted; Pangu Pati and pro-Pangu Pati sympathizers won 21-26 assembly seats, minor parties and independents won remainder Communists: no significant strength ECONOMY: GNP: $550 million (FY70 estimate), $225 per capita; real average annual growth rate (1960-69) 7.5% Agriculture: main crops -- coconuts, coffee, cocoa, tea Major industries: sawmilling and timber processing, copper mining (Bougainville) Electric power: 70,500 kw. capacity (1970); 196 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 80 kw.-hr. per capita 255 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Exports: $84.3 million (f.o.b., FY69); principal products -- coconut products, coffee beans, cocoa beans, timber Imports: $168.5 million (f.o.b., FY69) Major trade partners: Australia, U.K., Japan Aid: economic -- Australia (FY46-69) $909 million extended; World Bank group (1968-September 1969) -- $7.5 million committed Monetary conversion rate: 0.893 Australian dollar=US$l Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Papua: Railroads: none Highways: approx. 2,480 mi.; about 1,360 mi. suitable for heavy and medium traffic, and about 1,120 mi. suitable for light traffic Inland waterways: 800 mi., not including minor rivers Ports: 1 principal (Port Moresby), 1 secondary Civil air: see New Guinea (below) Airfields: 180 total, 128 usable; 7 with permanent-surface runways; 14 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 10 seaplane stations, inactive Telecommunications: see New Guinea (below) New Guinea: Railroads: none Highways: approx. 6,430 mi.; approx. 3,865 mi. suitable for heavy and medium traffic, and 2,565 mi. suitable for light traffic only Inland waterways: 1,350 mi., northeast New Guinea; minor rivers not included Pipelines: crude oil, 87 mi. Ports: 4 principal (Rabaul, Lae, Madang, Kavieng), 4 minor Civil air: 16 major transport aircraft (plus 26 registered in Australia) Airfields: 631 total, 422 usable; 13 with permanent-surface runways; 48 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 14 seaplane stations, inactive Telecommunications: Papua New Guinea telecom services are adequate and are being improved; principal telecom centers include Goroka, Lae, Madang, Mount Hagen, and Wewak in New Guinea; and Daru, Port Moresby and Samarai in Papua; facilities provide radiobroadcast, radiotelephone and telegraph, coastal radio, aeronautical radio and international radiocommunication services; numerous privately owned radio facilities exist; submarine cables extend from Madang to Australia and Guam; 18,998 telephones, 75,000 radios, but no TV sets; 11 AM, no FM and no TV facilities DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of Australia 256 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 92 Approved For Release 2004/qW'LOIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 157,000 sq. mi.; 2% under crops, 24% meadow and pasture, 52% forested, 22% urban, waste, and other Land boundaries: 2,140 mi. age (17) annua y, Ethnic divisions: 95% mestizo, 5% white and Indian Religion: 97% Roman Catholic PEOPLE: Population: 2,498,000, average annual growth rate 3.1% (FY69); males 15-49, 602,000; 415,000 fit for military service; average number currently reaching military 11 25 000 Language: Spanish and Guarani Literacy: officially estimated at 74% above age 10, but probably much lower (40%) Labor force: 715,000 (1968 est.); 55% agriculture, forestry, fishing; 8% transport and other services; 19% manufacturing and construction; 13% commerce and professions; 5% miscellaneous (est. 1962) Organized labor: about 6% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Paraguay Type: republic; under authoritarian rule Capital: Asuncion Political subdivisions: 16 departments and the national capital, 154 municipalities Legal system: based on Argentine codes, Roman law, and French codes; constitution promulgated 1967; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court; legal education at National University of Asuncion and Catholic University of Our Lady of the Assumption; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: President heads executive; bicameral legislature; judiciary headed by Supreme Court Government leader: President (General) Alfredo Stroessner Suffrage: universal; compulsory between ages of 18-60 Elections: President and Congress elected together every 5 years; 4-party participation for first time in 1968 elections Political parties and leaders: Colorado Party, Juan Ramon Chavez; Levi-Liberal Party, Carlos Levi Ruffinelli; Febrerista Party, Ignacio Iramain; Radical Liberal Party, Carlos Alberto Gonzalez; Christian Democratic Party (not officially inscribed), Alfredo Ayala Haedo 71% 22% Radical Voting strength (February 1968 general election): 71% Colorado Party, Liberal Party, 4% Liberal Party, 3% Febrerista Party Communists: Oscar Creydt faction and Miguel Angel Soler faction (both illegal); perhaps several thousand party members and sympathizers in Paraguay, very few are hard core; party in exile is small and deeply divided Other political or pressure groups: Popular Colorado Movement (MoPoCo) led by Epifanio Mendez Fleitas, in exile Member of: FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IMF, LAFTA, OAS, U.N., WHO ECONOMY: GNP: $755 million (purchasing power parity estimate, 1970), $320 per capita; 77% private consumption; 11% public consumption; 15% gross domestic investment; -3% net foreign balance (1968); real growth rate 1970, 7% Agriculture: main crops -- oilseeds, cotton, wheat, manioc, sweet potatoes, tobacco, corn, rice, sugarcane; self-sufficient in most foods; caloric intake, 2,580 calories per day per capita (1963-64); protein intake, 70 grams per day per capita (20 grams of animal origin) Major industries: meat packing, oilseed crushing, milling, brewing, textiles, light consumer goods, cement 257 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont' d) : Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Electric power: 150,000 kw. capacity (1970 est.); 201 million kw.-hr. produced (1970 est.), 80 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $64 million (f.o.b., 1970); meat, timber, oilseeds, tobacco, cotton, quebracho extract, hides, yerba mate Imports: $76 million (c.i.f., 1970); foodstuffs, machinery, transport equipment, engines, consumer durables, fuels and lubricants, textiles Major trade partners: U.S. 25%, Argentina 20%, West Germany 8%, U.K. 8% Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70), $79.3 million loans, $53.9 million grants; from international organizations (FY46-68), $88.4 million; from other Western countries (1960-66), $7.4 million; military -- assistance from U.S. (FY58-70), $11.0 million Monetary conversion rate: 126 guaranies=US$l (selling rate) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 652 mi.; 273 mi. standard gage, 85 mi. 3'3 3/8'' gage, 294 mi. various narrow gage (privately owned) Highways: 9,900 mi.; 400 mi. bituminous treated, 3,100 mi. otherwise improved, 6,400 mi unimproved earth Inland waterways: 1,970 mi. Freight carried: 70% carried by inland waterway in 1960 Ports: 1 major, 7 minor (all river) Merchant marine: 14 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 15,700 GRT, 12,300 DWT; includes 2 passenger, 9 cargo, 2 tanker, 1 specialized carrier; domestic ships are operated mostly in river traffic; most international waterborne trade is carried by foreign flag ships Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft Airfields: 774 total, 659 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 23 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: local telecom facilities in Asuncion good, but intercity net still poor; only 21,225 telephones; est. 720,000 radio and 25,000 TV receivers; 18 AM, 5 FM, and 1 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on foreign sources (U.S., Brazil, Argentina, and Belgium) for all materials Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $16.5 million; about 19% of proposed central government budget 258 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release Approved For Release 2004/08, 4 CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 496,000 sq. mi. (other estimates range as low as 482,000 sq. mi.); 2% cropland, 14% meadows and pastures, 55% forested, 29% urban, waste, other (1962) Land boundaries: 3,810 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 200 n. mi. Coastline: 1,500 mi. 10 which was estimated at , , growth rate 3.1% (FY70); males 15-49, 3,293,000; 2,230,000 fit for military service; average number currently reaching military age (20) annually, 138,000 Ethnic divisions: 46% Indian; 38% mestizo (white-Indian); 15% white; 1% Negro, Japanese, Chinese Religion: predominantly Roman Catholic Language: Spanish, Quechua, Aymara Literacy: 45% to 50% Labor force: 3.5 million (1967); 46% agriculture, 17% services, 14% manufacturing, 9% trade, 4% construction, 4% transportation, 2% mining, 4% other Organized labor: 25% of labor force PEOPLE: Population: 14,233,000 (excluding Indian jungle population 1 000 in 1961) average annual GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Peru Type: republic; under military regime since October 1968 Capital: Lima plus constitutional Political subdivisions: 23 departments with limited autonomy p Province of Callao Legal system: based on civil law system; military government rules by decree; legal education at the National Universities in Lima, in Trujillo, in Arequipa, and in Cuzco; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive, legislative, judicial; congress disbanded after 3 October 1968 ouster of President Fernando Belaunde Terry Gov.ernment leader: President Juan Velasco Alvarado Suffrage: literacy requirement Elections: presidential and congressional elections held every 6 years; all elections canceled after the coup Political parties and leaders: Popular Action Party (AP), Fernando Belaunde Terry in exile; Christian Democratic Party (PDC), Hector Cornejo Chavez; Popular American Revolutionary Alliance Party (APRA), Victor Raul Haya de la Torre; Popular Christian Party (PPC), Luis Bedoya Reyes Voting strength (1963 election): 39% AP-PDC, 34% APRA, 25% UNO, 1% Communist, 1% other Member of: GATT, IADB, IAEA, ICAO, LAFTA and Andean Sub-Regional Group (created in May 1969 within LAFTA), OAS, Seabeds Committee, U.N. ECONOMY: GNP: $8.3 billion (purchasing power parity estimate, 1970), $610 per capita; 72% private consumption, 10% public consumption, 13% gross investment (1970); 5% net foreign balance; real growth rate 1970, 7% Agriculture: main crops -- wheat, corn, potatoes, beans, barley, coffee, cotton, sugarcane; imports wheat, meat, lard and oils, rice, corn; caloric intake, 2,300 calories per day per capita (1964) Fishing: catch 12.6 million tons (1970); exports $300.3 million (1970), imports $0.3 million (1969) 259 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Major industries: mining of metals, petroleum, fishing, textiles and clothing, food processing, cement Electric power: 2 million kw. capacity (1970); 5.3 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 390 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $1,048 million (f.o.b., 1970); fish and fish products, copper, silver, iron, cotton, sugar, lead, zinc, petroleum, coffee Imports: $618 million (f.o.b., 1970); foodstuffs, machinery, transport equipment, iron and steel semimanufactures, chemicals, pharmaceuticals Major trade partners: exports -- U.S. 33%, Western Europe 42%, Japan 14%, Latin America 6%; imports -- U.S. 32%, Western Europe 33%, Latin America 17%, Japan 6% (1970) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY46-70), $453 million loans, $178 million grants; from international organizations (FY46-70), $372 million; from other Western countries (1960-66), $43.4 million; Communist countries (1968-70) $59.3 million; military -- assistance from.U.S., (FY49-70), $141 million Monetary conversion rate: 38.70 soles=US$l (trade); 43.38 soles=US$l (non-trade) August 1971 Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: approx. 2,144 mi.; 1,800 mi. 4' 8 1/2" gage; 130 mi. gage less than 3'0"; 214 mi. 3' 0" gage; 9 mi. double track Highways: 31,100 mi.; 3,000 mi. paved, 5,400 mi. gravel or crushed stone', 8,500 mi. improved earth, 14,200 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 5,400 mi. of navigable tributaries of Amazon River system and 130 mi. Lake Titicaca Pipelines: crude oil, 200 mi.; natural gas and natural gas liquids, 1,411 mi. Ports: 7 major, 20 minor Merchant marine: 37 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 276,800 GRT, 390,400 DWT; includes 26 cargo, 9 tanker (includes 5 naval tankers sometimes used commercially), 1'specialized carrier, 1 bulk Civil air: 34 major transport aircraft Airfields: 318 total, 273 usable; 16 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runway over 12,000 ft., 19 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 47 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 3 seaplane stations Telecommunications: fairly adequate for most public requirements; communications satellite ground station; est. 200,000 telephones; est. 1.8 million radio and 450,000 TV receivers; 200 AM, 7 FM, and 29 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: a biennial budget for 1 January 1971 through 31 December 1972, $485.2 million; about 16.2% of central government biennial budget 260 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004MCI1 -RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 116,000 sq. mi.; 37% cropland, 41% forested, 22% other (1968) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 0-300 n. mi. (treaty limits of the Philippines) Coastline: about 14,000 mi. age (20) annually 1.5% Chinese, 3% other Ethnic divisions: 91.5% Filipino (Malay), 4% Moros (Malay), Religion: 83% Roman Catholic, 10% Protestant, 4% Muslim, 3% Buddhist and other Language: Tagalog (renamed Pilipino) is the national language of the Philippine Republic; English is the language of school instruction and government business Literacy: about 75% Labor force: 11 million; 60% o agriculture, forestry, fishing, 12% manufacturing, 10.5% commerce, 10.5% government and services (business, recreation, domestic, personal), 3.5% transport, storage, communication, 3% construction; 0.5% other PEOPLE: Population: 38,931,000, average annual growth rate 3.1% (February 60-May 70); males 15-49, 8,853,000; 5,790,000 fit for military service; about 394,000 reach military GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of the Philippines Type: republic Capi tal : Quezon Political subdivisions: 67 provinces Legal system: based on Spanish, Islamic, and Anglo-American law; constitution passed 1935, ratified as amended 1947; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; legal education at University of the Philippines, Ateneo de Manila University, and 71 other law schools; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: strong executive branch with Presidential Cabinet; bicameral legislature -- Senate and House of Representatives; judicial branch by Supreme Court with descending authority in a Court of Appeals, of First Instance in various provinces, municipal courts in chartered cities, and justices of the peace in towns and municipalities; these justices have considerably more authority than do justices of the peace in the U.S. Government leader: President Ferdinand E. Marcos Suffrage: universal over age 21, and literate Elections: elections for President and House of Representatives held every 4 years; Senate elections staggered with one-third membership elected every 2 years Political parties and leaders: Liberal Party, Gerardo M. Roxas; Nacionalista Party, Gil J. Puyat Voting strength (1971): Senate -- Nacionalista Party, 19 seats; Liberal Party, 5 seats; House of Representatives -- Nacionalista Party, 92; Liberal Party, 18 Communists: under 1,000; sympathizers, 5,000-6,000 (est.) Member of: ADB, ASEAN, ASPAC, Colombo Plan, ECAFE, IAEA, ICAO, IHB, Seabeds Committee (observer), SEATO, U.N., UNESCO, UNICEF, WHO ECONOMY: GNP: $8.5 billion (1970), $210 per capita Agriculture: main crops -- rice, corn, coconut, sugarcane, abaca, tobacco Fishing: catch 978,000 tons, $332 million (1969) 261 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd)A v sps4 631 9JA RP 01 a sARRP4~00100p2-1 Major indu # s~? ed rF~ 1~~a~ r~O~~sS~Q to 1Te Em1Ca a c em' products Electric power: 2,201,000 kw. capacity (1970); 8.3 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 216 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $1,062 million (f.o.b., 1970); copra, sugar, logs and lumber, coconut oil, copper concentrates, abaca Imports: $1,210 million (c.i.f., 1970) Major trade partners: (1968) exports -- 43% U.S., 39% Japan; imports -- 29% U.S., 35% Japan Aid: economic -- U.S. (FY46-69), $1.5 billion committed; Japan (reparations), $550 million extended in 1956, $337 million drawn through July 1969; IBRD (1953-68), $158 million committed; military -- U.S. (FY46-68), $552.3 million committed Monetary conversion rate: 6.43 pesos=US$1 (July, 1970) (floating rate) Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,160 mi.; 2 common-carrier systems (3'6" gage) totaling about 710 mi.; 19 industrial systems with 4 different gages totaling 1,450 mi.; 34% government owned Highways: 39,516 mi.; 7,647 mi. paved; 22,791 mi. gravel, crushed stone, or stabilized soil surface; 9,078 mi. improved earth Inland waterways: 2,000 mi.; limited to shallow-draft (less than 5 ft.) vessels Pipelines: refined products, 157 mi. Ports: 13 major, 89 minor Merchant marine: 176 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 925,800 GRT, 1,321,500 DWT; includes 9 passenger, 122 cargo, 28 tanker, 11 bulk, 6 specialized carrier Civil air: 92 major transport aircraft Airfields: 297 total, 188 usable; 35 with permanent-surface runways; 6 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 20 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 8 seaplane stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: almost exclusively from U.S.; naval ships and equipment also from Australia, Japan, and Italy Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June 1972, $117.0 million; about 10% of total budget 262 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08lVDCIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 120,600 sq. mi.; 49% arable, 14% other agricultural, 27% forested, 10% other (1969) Land boundaries: 1,920 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 305 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 32,892,000, average annual growth rate 0.9% (current); males 15-49, 8,638,000; 6,824,000 fit for military service; 355,000 reach military age (19) ll y annua Ethnic divisions: 98.7% Polish, .6% Ukrainians, .5% Belorussians, less than .05% Jews, .2% other Religion: 95% Roman Catholic (about 75% practicing), 5% Uniate, Greek Orthodox, Protestant, and other Language: Polish, no significant dialects Literacy: about 98% Labor force: 16.3 million; 38% agriculture, 26% industry, 36% other nonagricultural* GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Polish People's Republic (PRL) Type: Communist state Capital : Warsaw Political subdivisions: 17 provinces, 5 city provinces, 391 districts Legal system: mixture of Continental (Napoleonic) civil law and Communist legal theory; constitution adopted 1952; court system parallels administrative divisions with Supreme Court, composed of 104 justices, at apex; no judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at 7 law schools; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: legislative, executive, judicial system dominated by parallel Communist Party apparatus Government leader: Piotr Jaroszewicz, Premier; Jozef Cyrankiewicz, chairman of Council of State (president) Suffrage: universal and compulsory over age 18 Elections: parliamentary and local government every 4 years Dominant political party and leader: Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR) (Communist) Edward Gierek, First Secretary Voting strength (1969 election): 97% voted for Communist-approved single slate Communists: 2,100,000 party members (September 1971) Other political or pressure groups: National Unity Front (FJN), including United Peasant Party (ZSL), Democratic Party (SD), progovernment pseudo-Catholic Pax Association and Christian Social Association, Catholic independent Znak group; powerful Roman Catholic Church, Stefan Cardinal Wyszynski, Primate Member of: CEMA, GATT, ICAO, IHB, Indochina Truce Commission, Korea Truce Commission, Seabeds Committee, U.N. and all specialized agencies except IMF and IBRD, Warsaw Pact ECONOMY: GNP: $43.8 billion in 1970 at 1969 prices, $1,330 per capita; 1970 growth rate 4.5% Agriculture: self-sufficient for minimum requirements; main crops -- grain, sugar beets, oilseeds, potatoes, exporter of livestock products and sugar; importer of grains; 3,300 calories per day per capita (1968-69) *Excludes armed forces and other classified categories of employment. 263 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Major industries: chemistry, food processing, transportation equipment, machine building, iron and steel, textiles, and shipbuilding Crude steel: 11.8 million metric tons produced (1970), about 360 kg. per capita Electric power: 13,875,000 kw. capacity (1970); 64.5 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,965 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $3,548 million (f.o.b., 1970); 39% machinery and equipment, 33% fuels, raw materials, and semimanufactures, 13% agricultural and food products, 16% industrial consumer goods Imports: $3,608 million (f.o.b., 1970); 36% machinery and equipment; 48% fuels, raw materials, and semimanufactures; 10% agricultural and food products; S 6% industrial consumer goods Major trade partners: $7,155 million (1970); 66% with Communist countries, 34% with West (1970) Monetary conversion rate: 4 zlotys=US$l (commercial); 24 zlotys=US$l (noncommercial) Fiscal year: same as calendar year; economic data are reported for calendar years except for caloric intake which is reported for the consumption year, ? 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 16,469 route mi.; 14,381 mi. standard gage, 2,088 mi. narrow gage, 4,644 mi. double track; 2,400 mi. electrified; government owned (1970) Highways: 190,095 mi.; 40,389 mi. paved; 39,479 mi. crushed stone, gravel; 110,227 mi. earth (improved and unimproved) (1971) Inland waterways: 3,158 mi. navigable streams and canals (1971) Pipelines: 1,700 mi. for natural gas; 500 mi. for crude oil; 117 mi. for refined products Freight carried: rail -- 421.4 billion short ton, 67.9 million short ton/mi. (1970); highway 920.7 million short tons, 9.8 billion short ton/mi. (1970); waterway -- 7 million short tons, 1.6 billion short ton/mi. (1970) Merchant marine: 239 ships (1,000 GRT and over) totaling 1,562,600 GRT and 2,166,700 DWT; includes 1 passenger, 169 cargo, 5 tanker, 64 bulk 264 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/WGALCIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: Metropolitan Portugal: 36,400 sq. mi., including the Azores and Madeira Islands; 48% arable, 6% meadow and pasture, 31% forested, 15% waste and urban, inland water, and other (1966) Cape Verde Islands: 1,560 sq. mi., divided among 10 islands and several islets (not a part of Metropolitan Portugal) Land boundaries: 750 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: territorial sea claim 6 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 1,945 mi. (excludes Azores, Maderia, and Cape Verde Islands, 1,180 mi.) PEOPLE: Population: metropolitan Portugal 8,668,182 (1970); Cape Verde Islands 250,300 (1969); males 15-49, 2,199,000; 1,700,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (20) annually, about 74,000 Ethnic divisions: homogeneous Mediterranean stock in mainland, Azores, Madeira Islands; small number of black workers from the Cape Verde Islands Religion: 97% Roman Catholic, 1% Protestant sects, 2% other Language: Portuguese Literacy: 65% (a figure considered very high by some sources) Labor force: 3.3 million (1970); 32% agriculture, 34% industry, 34% services; unemployment virtually nil, but underemployment widespread Organized labor: 33.3% of labor force in syndicates subject to varying degrees of government control GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Portugal Type: republic, with single legal party controlled by a Prime Minister Capital: Lisbon Political subdivisions: 18 districts in mainland Portugal and 4 "autonomous districts" in Azores and Madeira Islands; 7 overseas provinces in Africa and Asia Legal system: civil law system; constitution adopted 1933, frequently amended since; no judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at Universities of Lisbon and Coimbra; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: executive with President, Council of State, and Council of Ministers; legislative with National Assembly dominated by executive and a Corporative Chamber, the latter consultative and advisory; and judicial completely controlled by executive branch Government leader: Prime Minister Marcello Caetano, appointed September 1968 Suffrage: all citizens over age 21 who are literate and have not been deprived of their civil rights Elections: National Assembly, direct but government-controlled, held every 4 years, next in 1973; local direct parish board elections held every 4 years, next in 1975; President, by government-controlled electoral college every 7 years, next in 1972 Political parties and leaders: government-controlled National Popular Action (ANP) -- formerly called National Union -- only legally recognized political organization; Monarchist Cause group is tolerated by regime; various opposition groups include -- Communist Party (PCP) whose secretary, Alvaro Cunhal, is in exile; a dissident Communist exile group, Patriotic Front of National Liberation (FPLN); and several small non-Communist groups such as the moribund Democratic Social Action (ADS); Portuguese Socialist Action (ASP) leader Mario Soares; extremist opposition group, League of Revolutionary Union 265 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT (cont' approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Political parties and leaders (cont'd): and Action (LUAR) has been dormant since 1970, with leader, Herminio de Palma Inacio in exile abroad; Armed Revolutionary Action (ARA) is radical and violence-prone group which appeared in October 1970 and claimed credit for several sabotage acts Voting strength (1969 election): National Union, as ANP was then called, won all 130 seats in National Assembly in first contested election Communists: 2,000-7,000 est.; sympathizers cannot be determined Other political or pressure groups: Portuguese Legion, Portuguese Youth, Association for the Study of Economic and Social Development (SEDES) authorized in October 1970 as a discussion group with political overtones Member of: EFTA, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IHB, ILO, IMF, ITU, NATO, OECD, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $6,350 million, $660 per capita (1970 est.); 72.9% consumption, 17.7% investment, 14.1% government, -4.7% net exports of goods and services (1970), growth rate 6.6% (1970) in 1963 constant prices Agriculture: generally underdeveloped; main crops -- grains, potatoes, olives, grapes for wine; food shortages -- sugar, wheat; caloric intake, 2,930 calories per day per capita (1968) Fishing: catch 334,000 tons, $74.1 million; exports $47.3 million, imports $24.6 million, trade includes fish and fish products Major industries: cotton textiles, cork processing, fish canning, petroleum refining, pulp and paper, chemical fertilizer Shortages: coal, petroleum, cotton, steel Crude steel: .38 million metric tons produced (1970), 40 kg. per capita (1970) Electric power: 2,700,000 kw. capacity (1970); 7,400 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,000 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $946 million (f.o.b. 1970); principal items -- cotton textiles, cork and cork products, canned fish, wine, timber and timber products, resin Imports: $1,556 million (c.i.f., 1970); principal items -- petroleum, cotton, industrial machinery, iron and steel, chemicals Major trade partners: (1969) 16.5% U.K., 12% West Germany, 6.1% France, 7.6% U.S., 10.7% Angola, 6% Mozambique; 27.5% EC; 28.8% EFTA; .7% Communist countries Aid: economic -- U.S., $180.7 million (1949-70), $4.7 million authorized 1969, $4.3 million authorized 1970; IBRD, $57.5 million authorized (1964-66), none since 1966; net official aid to less developed areas and multilateral agencies $462 million (1961-70), $79.5 million (1969), $57.1 million (1970); military -- U.S., $328.1 million authorized (1949-70), $2.7 million authorized in 1969, $1.3 million authorized in 1970 Monetary conversion rate: 28.75 escudos=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,230 mi.; 472 mi. 3'3 3/8" meter gage, 1,758 mi. broad gage (5'5 9/16"); 265 mi. double track; 274 mi. electrified Highways: 18,500 mi.; 11,000 mi. bituminous, bituminous treatment, concrete and stoneblock; 7,200 mi. gravel and crushed stone; 300 mi. improved earth; plus an additional 10,500 mi. of unimproved earth roads (motorable tracks) Inland waterways: 508 mi. navigable; relatively unimportant to national economy, used by shallow-draft craft limited to 330-ton cargo capacity Ports: 7 major, 33 minor Merchant marine: 111 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 824,900 GRT, 1,065,500 DWT; includes 15 passenger, 70 cargo, 19 tanker, 4 bulk, 3 specialized carrier Civil air: 21 major transport aircraft 266 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 oved F Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICA I (colt 25: Airfields (including Azores, Cape Verde Islands, and Madeira Islands): 62 total, 54 usable; 26 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways over 12,000 ft., 9 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 17 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 7 seaplane stations Telecommunications: facilities are generally adequate; 720,000 telephones; 1.6 million radio receivers; 400,000 television receivers; 35 AM, 35 FM, and 30 TV stations; 18 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $409.4 million; about 37% of central government budget 267 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 nirc Fns Approved For Release 2%f/ 13 1 qffpP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 14,000 sq. mi. (includes Bijagos archipelago) Land boundaries: 460 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: claims 6 n. mi. (fishing 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 170 mi PEOPLE: Population: 488,000, average annual growth rate 0.2% (FY69); males 15-49, 116,000; 65,000 fit for e i c military serv Ethnic divisions: about 99% African (Balanta 30%, Fulani 20%, Mandyako 14%, Malinke 13%, and 23% other tribes); less than 1% European and mulatto Religion: 66% animist, 30% Muslim, 4% Christian Language: Portuguese official, numerous African languages Literacy: 3% to 5% Labor force: bulk of population engaged in subsistence agriculture GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Province of Guinea Type: overseas province of Portugal Capital: Bissau Political subdivisions: 9 municipalities (concelhos-areas containing Europeans and Educated Africans), 3 circumscriptions (predominantly indigenous population) Legal system: based on Portuguese law Branches: Governor General appointed by Ministry of Overseas has wide local authority; he is assisted by an appointed Secretary-General and an 8-man Government Council; a 15-member Legislative Council, 11 of whose members are elected by various groups, represents economic and tribal interests of province; Minister of Overseas can nullify any provincial legislation or Governor's decision; judiciary based on Portuguese system Government leader: Governor General Antonio Sebastiao Ribeiro de Spinola Political parties and leaders: National Popular Action of Portugal only legal party; opposition parties (illegal) include Partido Africano da Independencia da Guinee e Cabo Verde (PAIGC), led by Amilcar Cabral, a Communist-supported nationalist party which is chief political force conducting current rebellion against Portuguese rule and which operates mainly from Republic of Guinea; Front de Lutte pour l'Independence Nationale de la Guinee (FLING), a loose coalition of Senegal-based nationalist elements opposed both to the Portuguese and the PAIGC, leadership fragmented, headed by Benjamin Pinto- Bull; other nationalist factions Suffrage: limited to those satisfying fairly rigid economic and cultural requirements ECONOMY: Agriculture: main crops -- palm oil, root crops, rice, coconuts, peanuts Electric power: 1,200 kw. capacity (1970); 2 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 4 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $3.2 million (f.o.b., 1967); principally peanuts, coconuts Imports: $16.4 million (c.i.f., 1967); manufactured goods, fuels, transport equipment, rice Major trade partners: mostly Portugal, also immediate neighbors Aid: Portugal, small amounts Monetary conversion rate: 28.75 escudos=US$l (official) Fiscal year: probably is the calendar year 269 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Railroads: none Highways: approx. 2,000 mi. (205 mi. bituminous, remainder earth) Inland waterways: 994 mi. Ports: 1 major, 2 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 63 total, 60 usable; 3 with permanent-surface runways; 9 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: limited telephone and telegraph service; 1,800 telephones; 3,600 radio receivers; 1 AM, no FM or TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of Portugal 270 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 20"9@&@IStqDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 7,000 sq. mi.; 34% forest, 33% grassland, and 33% cultivated (1968) Land boundaries: 90 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: territorial sea claim 6 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 1,600 mi. PORTUGUESE ,s,..~.:T1M0R approx. 4,600 Chinese and 10,000 ha cos Christian (almost equally divided between Catholic and Religion: 17% Chri Protestant), remainder practice animism unintelligible; Language: an estimated 9-15 dialects, of Malay origin but mutually 75% of the population speaks the Tetum dialect low; educational system being Literacy: rate of literacy is unknown, but is very 967 total school 67 of total school expanded under first Five Year Development Plan; by a9 1 of enrollment was 25,000 out of total school-age p P natives can speak Portuguese Labor engaged in primitive village subsistence economy, 10% engaged as town laborers PEOPLE: Population: 620,000, average annual growth rate 1.8% (FY66-69) Ethnic divisions: 95% indigenous Timorese belonging to the Malay racial group; 9 ethnic divisions, each speaking a distinct dialect of Malay structure; GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Province of Timor Type: overseas province of Portugal Capital: Dili political subdivisions: 12 administrative districts Legal system: based on Portuguese law Branches: Governor General appointed by Portuguese Minister of Overseas; advised by a 7-member council composed of 4 ex offico members and 3 members elected from the Legislative Council of 14 members (3 ex Health, ciosande11Eelected); Jc, in usual executive departments such as Treasury, Transportation exist, each of which is headed by a director (appointed 1968) Government leader: Governor Brig. Jose Noqoueira Valente Pires (Suffrage: high school education required Elections: Timor elects one representative to the Portuguese National Assembly, scarcely more than a gesture the National Popular Action Political parties and leaders: single party only, on Timor Voting strength: limited to Portuguese on Timor and small group of Timorese who fulfill requirement Communists: prior to 1 October 1965, infiltration by Indonesian Communist Party from Indonesian Timor, especially in the Oe-Cusse enclave ECONOMY: GNP: less than $100 per capita Agriculture: principal crops -- corn,ri0je,8rubber, coffee, (1970), Electric power: 2,000 kw. capacity million kw 13 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2.6 million (f.o.b., 1967); coffee, copra Imports: $5.2 million (c.i.f., 1967) Major trade partners: Portugal and its possessions, Singapore, and Hong Kong 271 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Monetary conversion rate: Portuguese escudo known in Timor as pataca; 28.75 patacas=US$l Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 463 mi.; 293 mi. gravel or crushed stone, 170 mi. improved and unimproved earth Inland waterways: none Ports: 1 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 14 total, 10 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 3 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: domestic and international radio stations used primarily for administrative and military purposes; 1 low-power radiobroadcast station; unreliable open-wire lines and 12 small manual switchboards serve about 679 telephones; 3,075 radio sets Approved For Release H04/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 84 Approved For Release 200410813i : CJ,-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 3,440 sq. mi.; 33% arable, 35% meadow and pasture, 13% forested, 19% waste, urban, or other (1964) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi. Coastline: 300 mi. .PQMIHI,Cv~#!4: ,.. AIT 11 EPU~4~ N~ 6.1~R8AX2DS ... `^TAlryl4a~; PEOPLE: COLOMBIA J l Population: 2,766,000, average annual growth rate 1.1% (FY69) BRAZIL Ethnic divisions: 80% white, 20% mixed (with Indian and RERU Negro elements) Religion: predominantly Roman Catholic Language: Spanish, English Literacy: 88% Labor force: 706,000; 19% agriculture, 14% manufacturing, 7% construction, 39% government services and trade, 8% other, 13% unemployed Organized labor: 45% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Commonwealth of Puerto Rico Type: commonwealth voluntarily associated with U.S. Capital: San Juan Political subdivisions: 76 municipalities Legal system: based on civil codes; constitution came into effect 1952, U.S. Constitution also applies; local courts and U.S. federal court; legal education at University of Puerto Rico Law School Branches: elected Governor and bicameral legislature; 9-judge Supreme Court appointed by Governor Government leader: Governor Luis A. Ferre Elections: every 4 years, last election November 1968; plebescite held July 1967 on question of opting for statehood, continued commonwealth status, or full independence; 60.5% for commonwealth status, 38.9% for statehood, 0.6% for independence Suffrage: universal over age 21 Political parties and leaders: Popular Democratic Party (PPD), Luis Negron Lopez; Republican Statehood Party (PER); New Progressive Party (PPN), Luis A. Ferre; Christian Action Party (PAC), Catholic Church; Independence Party (PI); People's Party (formed August 1968), Roberto Sanchez Voting strength (1968 election): 44.6% PPN, 42.2% PPD, 9.4% People's Party; distribution of house seats -- NPP 26, PPD 25; distribution of Senate seats -- PPD 16, PPN 11 ECONOMY: GNP: $4.6 billion (FY70), $1,650 per capita Agriculture: main crops -- sugar, coffee, tobacco, bananas Major industries: textiles, clothing manufacture, food processing, petroleum refining, petro-chemicals Electric power: 1.2 million kw. capacity (1969); 5.9 billion kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 2,010 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $1,680 million (f.o.b., 1970); sugar, pineapple, citrus fruits, coffee, rum, textiles Imports: $2,680 million (f.o.b., 1970); food, machinery, transportation equip- ment, fuels, minerals Major trade partner: exports -- U.S. 93%; imports -- U.S. 77% Monetary conversion rate: uses U.S. currency Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June Approved For Release 2004/08/31278IA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Railroads: more than 450 mi. plantation lines; 6 gages from 1'8" to 3'3 3/8" with latter predominating Highways: 4,800 mi.; 3,900 mi. paved, 260 mi. gravel, 640 mi. otherwise improved and unimproved earth Inland waterways: negligible Pipelines: refined products, 90 mi. Ports: 3 major, 7 minor Civil air: major transport aircraft are included in U.S. registered total Airfields: 31 total, 27 usable; 16 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 9 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 3 seaplane stations Telecommunications: highly developed telecom system of open-wire and radio relay links; communications satellite ground station; 302,300 telephones; over 1 million radio and 410,000 TV receivers; 48 AM, 18 FM, and 11 TV stations; 5 submarine cables, including 4 coaxial DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of U.S. 274 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 NIS 32 Approved For Release 2004/08/TApC:IA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: About 4,000 sq. mi.; negligible amount forested; mostly desert, waste, or urban (1963) Land boundaries: 35 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 350 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 129,000, average annual growth rate 10.8% (FY65-69); males 15-49, about 31,000; about 18,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: 56% Arab; 23% Iranian; 14% Pakistani; 7% other Religion: Muslim Language: Arabic Literacy: 10%-15% Labor force: 48,000 (1969) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: State of Qatar Type: traditional monarchy; independence declared in 1971 Capital: Ad Dawhah Legal system: discretionary system of law controlled by the ruler, although new civil codes are being implemented; Islamic law is significant in personal matters; a constitution was promulgated in 1970 Government leader: Amir Ahmad ibn 'Ali Al-Thani Political parties and pressure groups: none; a few small clandestine organizations are active Branches: Council of Ministers Member of: Arab League, U.N. ECONOMY: GNP: $65 million (1969 est.) Agriculture: farming and grazing on small scale; commercial fishing increasing in importance; most food imported; rice and dates staple diet Major industries: oil production and refining; crude oil production from onshore and offshore averaged 362,000 bbls. per day in 1970; oil revenues estimated $122 million at the beginning of 1970, representing 99% of government/royal family income; major development projects include $7 million harbor at Ad Dawhah, fertilizer plant, 2 desalting plants, refrigerated storage for fishing, and a cement plant Electric power: capacity 80,000 kw. (1970); 200 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,709 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: crude oil dominates; reexports $56 million (1968) Imports: approx. $53 million in 1969 Aid: multilateral annual average $170,000 (1967-69) Monetary conversion rate: 1 Qatar-Dubai riyal=US$0.21 Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 275 mi. bituminous; 225 mi. gravel; surfaced; undetermined mileage of earth tracks Pipelines: crude oil, 73 mi.; natural gas, 60 mi. Ports: 2 minor Airfields: 10 total, 1 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft. 275 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 roved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS (cohl Civil air: no major transport aircraft Telecommunications: all international telecom traffic is by radio thru Bahrain; fair domestic wire facilities; 9,400 telephones; 25,000 radio and 20,000 TV receivers; 1 AM and 1 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: from U.K. 276 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 62 Approved For Release 2004/O83lI:NCIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 970 sq. mi.; two-thirds of island extremely rugged, consisting of volcanic mountains; 120,000 acres (less than one-fifth of the land) under cultivation WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 125 mi. Labor force: primarily agricultural workers; high seasonal unemployment PEOPLE: Population: 461,000, average annual growth rate 2.3% (FY69) Ethnic divisions: most of the population is of thoroughly intermixed ancestry of French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, and Indian origin Religion: predominantly Roman Catholic Language: French (official), Creole widely used Literacy: over 80% among younger generation GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Overseas Department of Reunion Type: overseas department of France; represented in French Parliament by three Deputies and two Senators Capital: Saint-Denis Legal system: French law Branches: Reunion is administered by a Prefect appointed by the French Minister of Interior, assisted by a Secretary-General and an elected 36-man General Council Government leader: Prefect Jean Vaudeville Suffrage: universal adult Elections: last municipal elections in 1971; parliamentary election June 1968 Political parties and leaders: Reunion Communist Party (RCP) led by Paul Verges, only organized political movement on island; other political candidates affiliated with metropolitan French parties, which do not maintain permanent organizations on Reunion Voting strength (parliamentary election 1968): Gaullist candidates swept all 3 districts Communists: Communist Party small -- probably only 15-20 hard-line Communists -- but has support among peasant sugarcane cutters and in Le Port district ECONOMY: Agriculture: cash crops -- almost entirely sugarcane, small amounts of vanilla and perfume plants; food crops -- tropical fruit and vegetables, manioc, bananas, corn, market garden produce, also some tea, tobacco, and coffee; food crop inadequate, most food needs imported Major industries: 12 sugar processing mills, rum distilling plants, cigarette factory, 2 tea plants, fruit juice plant, canning factory, a slaughterhouse, and a number of small shops producing handicraft items Electric power: 54,400 kw. capacity (1970); 108 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 246 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $46.2 million (f.o.b., 1968); 84% sugar, 10% perfume essences, 5% rum, 1% vanilla Imports: $126 million (c.i.f., 1968); 45% manufactured goods, 30% food, beverages, and tobacco, 20% machinery and transportation equipment, 5% raw materials and petroleum products Major trade partners: France (supplies 75% of Reunion's imports, purchases 90% of its exports); Madagascar (supplies 6% of its imports) 277 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cant' d) : Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Monetary conversion rate: 277 Communaute Financiere Africaine francs=US$l (official) Fiscal year: probably calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 1,092 mi.; 814 mi. paved, 278 mi. gravel, crushed stone, or stabilized earth Ports: 1 major Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 6 total, 6 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 2 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: adequate for size of island and fairly modern; international communications by radio to France, Malagasy, and Mauritius; 11,300 telephones; 71,000 radio and 17,700 TV receivers; 1 AM, no FM, and 8 TV stations 278 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 57B Approved For Release 2004/pNggS:IFIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 151,000 sq. mi.; 40% arable (of which 6% cultivated); 60% available for extensive cattle grazing; European alienated lands (farmed by modern methods) 39%, African 48%, national land 7%, 6% not alienated (1970) Land boundaries: 1,875 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 5,537,000, average annual growth rate 3.3% (FY67-70); males 15-49, 1,284,000; 785,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military age (18) annually, 53,000 Ethnic divisions: 96% African, 3% European, less than 1% Coloreds and Asians Religion: 51% syncretic (part Christian, part animist), 24% Christian, 24% animist, a few Muslim Language: English official; Chishona and Sindebele also widely used Literacy: 25%-30%; of whites, nearly 100% Labor force: (1971) 776,000 Africans (including many migrants from Zambia and Malawi), Europeans, Asians, and coloreds (people of mixed heritage); 35% agriculture, 25% mining, manufacturing, construction, 40% transport and services Organized labor: about one-third of European wage earners are unionized, but only a small minority of Africans (1966) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Colony of Southern Rhodesia Type: self-proclaimed independent state since 1965 (not recognized by U.S.); settlement reached with U.K. in November 1971, legal independence expected first half of 1972 Capital: Salisbury Political subdivisions: 11 magisterial districts Legal system: Smith government implemented a republican constitution on 2 March 1970 which institutionalized white rule Branches: President Dupont is ceremonial head of state; executive council (cabinet) lead by Prime Minister Smith; National Assembly gives highly disproportionate representation to white minority -- 50 white constituency seats and 16 black constituency seats Government leaders: Prime Minister Ian Smith and President Clifford Dupont Suffrage: franchise is based on income, property holdings, and education; there are separate rolls for Africans and non-Africans Elections: must be held every 5 years Political parties and leaders: Rhodesian Front, Prime Minister Smith; Centre Party, Pat Bashford Voting strength (1970 elections): Rhodesian Front won all 50 white constituency seats in Parliament Communists: negligible Other pressure groups and leaders: African nationalist organizations banned from political activity -- Zimbabwe African People's Union, Joshua Nkomo; Zimbabwe African National Union, Ndabaningi Sithole; these leaders detained by government; exiled leaders in Lusaka, Zambia, are James Chikerema (ZAPU) and Herbert Chitepo (ZANU) Member of: no international bodies ECONOMY: GDP: $1,359 million (1970 est.), $260 per capita; real growth rate 4.5% (1970) Agriculture: main crops -- tobacco, corn, sugar, cotton, citrus fruits; live- stock; self-sufficient in foodstuffs except wheat 279 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Major industries: mining and steel, textiles Electric power: 1,187,000 kw. capacity (1970); 5,580 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,160 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $384 million (f.o.b., 1970), including net gold sales and reexports; tobacco, asbestos, copper, clothing, meat, chrome, sugar Imports: $329 million (f.o.b., 1970); textiles, machinery, petroleum products, wheat, transport equipment Major trade partners: South Africa, Portugal, and Portuguese territories Aid: no substantial military or economic aid Monetary conversion rate: 1 Rhodesian dollar=US$1.40 (official); 0.714 Rhodesian dollar=US$l Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1,610 mi. narrow gage (3'6"); 26 mi. double track Highways: 49,385 mi.; 4,965 mi. paved, 18,350 mi. crushed stone, gravel, stabilized soil, or improved earth; 26,070 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 175 mi. on Lake Kariba Airfields: 289 total, 200 usable; 7 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with run- way over 12,000 ft., 23 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Civil air: 12 major transport aircraft Telecommunications: system is one of the best in Africa; consists of radio-relay links, open-wire lines, and radiocommunication stations; principal center Salisbury, secondary center Bulawayo; 122,100 telephones; 145,300 radio and 50,000 TV receivers; 8 AM, no FM and 2 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June 1972, $51,260,000; 15.5% of total budget 280 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004I0R5 1 lA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 91,700 sq. mi.; 44% arable, 19% other agriculture, 27% forested, 10% other (1969) Land boundary: 1,845 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 140 mi. Ethnic divisions: 87% Romanian, 8% Hungarian, 2% German, 3% other Religion: 14,000,000 Romanian Orthodox, 1,000,000 Roman Catholic, 1,000,000 Protestants, 100,000 Jews, 30,000 Muslims Language: Romanian, Hungarian, German Literacy: 98%-99% of total population Labor force: 10.4 million (est. 1 July 1966); 57% agriculture, 19% industry, 24% other nonagricultural PEOPLE: Population: 20,596,000, average annual growth rate 1.1% (current); males 15-49, 5,368,000; 4,510,000 fit for military service; 187,000 reach military age (20) annually GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Socialist Republic of Romania Type: Communist state Capital: Bucharest Political subdivisions: 39 counties and 46 municipalities, including Bucharest Legal system: mixture of civil law system and Communist legal theory which increasingly reflects Romanian traditions; constitution adopted 1965; legal education at University of Bucharest and two other law schools; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: Council of Ministers; the Grand National Assembly, under which is Office of Prosecutor General and Supreme Court; Council of State is a collective head of state Government leaders: Ion Gheorghe Maurer, President of the Council of Ministers, head of government; Nicolae Ceausescu, President of Council of State, titular head of state Suffrage: universal over age 18, compulsory Elections: elections in Romania held every 2 years for the local people's councils and every 4 years for Grand National Assembly deputies Political parties and leaders: Communist Party of Romania only functioning party, Nicolae Ceausescu, General Secretary Voting strength (1969 election): overall participation reached 99.96%; of those registered to vote (13,577,143), 99.75% voted for party candidates Communists: 2,089,085 party members (December 1970) Member of: CEMA, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ILO, ITU, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, Warsaw Pact, WHO, WMO, GATT ECONOMY: GNP: $23.2 billion in 1970 (at 1969 prices), $1,140 per capita; 1970 growth rate 5.0% Agriculture: net exporter; main crops -- corn, wheat, oilseed; livestock -- cattle, hogs, sheep; caloric intake, 3,000 calories per day per capita (1967-68) Major industries: machinery, metals, fuels, chemicals, textiles, food processing, timber processing Shortages: iron ore, coking coal, metallurgical coke, cotton fibers, natural rubber 281 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Crude steel: 6.5 million metric tons produced (1970), 320 kg. per capita Electric power: 7.5 million kw. capacity (1970); 34.9 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,710 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $1,850 million (f.o.b., 1970); 22% machinery and equipment; 40% fuels, raw materials, semifinished products; 22% foodstuffs; and 16% consumer goods (1969) Imports: $1,949 million (mixture f.o.b. and c.i.f., 1970); 44% machinery and equipment; 46% fuels, raw materials, semifinished products; 4% foodstuffs; and 6% consumer goods (1969) Major trade partners: $3,799 million in 1970; 45% non-Communist countries, 55% Communist countries Monetary conversion rate: 6 lei=US$l (commercial); 12 lei=US$l (noncommercial); 18 lei=US$l (tourist) Fiscal year: same as calendar year; economic data reported for calendar years except for caloric intake, which is reported for consumption year, 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 9,700 mi.; 6,430 mi. standard gage, 3,252 mi. narrow gage, 18 mi. broad gage; 187 mi. electrified, 421 mi. double track; government owned (1970) Highways: 48,000 mi.; 7,600 mi. paved; 16,300 mi. other improved surfaces, 24,100 mi. earth (1969) Inland waterways: 1,445 mi. (1971) Pipelines: crude oil, 1,600 mi.; refined products, 888 mi.; natural gas, 3,100 mi. Freight carried: rail -- 178.6 million short tons, 32.3 billion short ton/mi. (1970); highway -- 435 million short tons, 4.8 billion short ton/mi. (1970); waterway -- 3.4 million short tons, .77 billion short ton/mi. (1970) Merchant marine: 49 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 349,600 GRT, 509,100 DWT; includes 1 passenger, 33 cargo, 4 tanker, 11 bulk Approved For ReleaseB204/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 ?r- Approved For Release 2004/OPMAI /CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 10,000 sq. mi.; almost all the arable land, about 1/3 under cultivation, about 1/3 pastureland (1967) Land boundaries: 545 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 3,791,000 (African population only), average annual growth rate 3.1% (FY65-67); males 15-49, 880,000; 425,000 fit for military service; no conscription; 36,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 90% Hutu, 9% Tutsi, 1% Twa (Pygmoid) Religion: 45% Catholic, 9% Protestant, 1% Muslim, rest animist Language: Kinyarwanda and French official; Kiswahili language of African commerce, Kinyarwanda language of interior and used in National Assembly Literacy: 10% in French and Kinyarwanda Labor force: less than 5% in cash economy GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Rwanda Type: republic, formerly combined with Burundi in U.N. trusteeship under Belgium; became separate independent country in July 1962 Capital: Kigali Political subdivisions: 10 prefectures, subdivided into 141 communes Legal system: based on German and Belgian civil law systems and customary law; constitution adopted 1962; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive consists of President, popularly elected.for 4-year term, and 14 cabinet ministers; single house 47-member National Assembly, popularly elected for 4-year terms; 6-member Supreme Court appointed by President Government leader: President Gregoire Kayibanda Suffrage: universal and compulsory over age 18 Elections: last legislative election September 1969; president reelected September 1969; both elected for 4-year terms Political parties and leaders: Party of the Hutu Emancipation Movement (PARMEHUTU), led by President Gregoire Kayibanda, dominates at all levels Member of EAMA, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMF, ITU, OCAM, OAU, U.N., UNESCO, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $195 million (1970), $50 per capita Agriculture: cash crops -- mainly coffee, tea, cotton, some pyrethrum; main food crops -- bananas, cassava; stock raising; self-sufficiency increasing but country still imports some foodstuffs Major industries: mining of cassiterite (tin ore), agricultural processing, and light consumer goods Electric power: 21,460 kw. capacity (1970); 100 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 28 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $24.6 million (f.o.b., 1970); mainly coffee, tea, pyrethrum, cassiterite Imports: $26.4 million (c.i.f., 1970); textiles, foodstuffs, machines, equipment Major trade partners: U.S., Belgium, Congo (Kinshasa) Aid: U.S., FY64-70, $7.5 million; Belgium, France, Germany, and Canada, FY64-67, $33.4 million obligated Monetary conversion rate: 100 Rwanda francs=US$l (official) Fiscal year: calendar year 283 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Railroads: none Highways: 3,728 mi.; 1,243 mi. primary roads (only 6 mi. paved), 2,485 mi. secondary roads; most roads improved or unimproved earth Inland waterways: Lake Kivu navigable by steamers and barges Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 20 total, 15 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft., 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft. Telecommunications: telephone and telegraph limited; main center is Kigali; 1,400 telephones; 30,000 radio receivers; 2 AM, no FM or TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $3,900,000; about 20.4% of total budget 284 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 45 Approved For Release 2004/0?(K?6yA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 848 sq. mi.; 44% forested, 25% cropland, 10% grassland, 21% other, including building sites, roads, wasteland, etc. (1968) Land boundaries: 1,000 mi. Labor force: 423,000; about 33.6% agriculture, forestry, fishing; 28.4% trade and services; 16.9% industry; 11.6% government and utilities; 9% employed by U.S. forces; .5% unemployed (1970) Organized labor: 8% of labor force 1.1% (FY65-69) ; males 15-49, 240,000; 169,000 fit for L military service Ethnic divisions: homogeneous; no significant minorities Religion: basically animist; no significant minorities Language: Japanese (strong local dialect) Literacy! 95% Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. PEOPLE: Population: about 999,000, average annual growth rate GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Ryukyu, southern Type: U.S.-administered territory; will revert to Japan in 1972 Capital: Naha Political subdivisions: 3 main island groups (Okinawa, Yaeyama, Miyako); 60 cities, towns, and villages Legal system: based on Japanese civil law with specific U.S. enactments dealing with the islands; U.S. Executive Order of 1957 functions as constitution Branches: executive, judicial, and legislative branches Government leader: Chief Executive, Chobyo Yara Suffrage: universal over age 20 Elections: Japanese Diet elections held every four years or upon dissolution of Lower House, triennially for one half of Upper House; Legislative Assembly, every 3 years Political parties and leaders: Okinawa Liberal Democratic Party (OLDP), Seisaku Ota, president; Okinawa Socialist Masses Party (OSMP), Tsumichiyo Asato, chairman; Okinawa People's Party (OPP) (pro-Communist), Kamejiro Senaga, chairman; Okinawa Prefecture Headquarters Japan Socialist Party (OJSP), Kosuke Vehara, chairman Voting strength: seats in Legislative Assembly following 1968 election -- OLDP 18, OSMP 9, OPP 3, OJSP 2 Communists: 300-400; sympathizers 2,000 ECONOMY: GNP: $860 million (FY70), $870 per capita Agriculture: sugarcane, pineapple, rice; 65% self-sufficient Major industries: sugarcane and pineapple processing; various light industries Electric power: 485,600 kw. capacity (1970); 1.42 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,430 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $108 million (f.o.b., FY70); sugar, pineapples Imports: $481 million (c.i.f., FY70) Major trade partners: Japan, U.S. Aid: economic -- U.S. (FY46-69), $397 million committed Monetary conversion rate: U.S. currency used Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June 285 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Railroads: none Highways: 2,060 mi.; 286 paved, 596 gravel, remainder earth Pipelines: refined products, 33 mi. Ports: 2 major, 3 minor Civil air: 8 major transport aircraft (registered in Japan) Airfields: 22 total, 16 usable; 12 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway over 12,000 ft., 2 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 8 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of U.S. 286 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 81A Approved For Releases?OQ(3pHC4W79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 150 sq. mi.; 40% arable, 10% pasture, 17% forest, 33% wasteland and built-on (1962) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 120 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 65,000 (official estimate for 31 December 1967), average annual growth rate 1.2% (April 60-70) Ethnic divisions: mainly of African Negro descent Religion: Church of England, other Protestant sects, Roman Catholic Language: English Literacy: about 80% Labor force: not available Organized labor: 6,700 GOVERNMENT: Legal name: State of St. Christopher-Nevis Type: dependent territory with full internal autonomy as a British "Associated State"; Anguilla formally seceded in May 1967 but has not been recognized as an independent state by any government; in July 1968 a legislative council headed by Ronald Webster was elected to govern Anguilla; in March 1969 the U.K. sent troops to Anguilla, placing the island again under colonial rule Capital: Basseterre Political subdivisions: 10 districts Legal system: based on English common law; constitution of 1960; highest judicial organ is Court of Appeal of Leeward and Windward Islands Government leaders: Premier, Robert L. Bradshaw; U.K. Governor, M. P. Allen Suffrage: universal adult suffrage Elections: at least every 5 years; most recent 10 May 1971 Political parties and leaders: OSt. Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla Labor Party, Robert L. Bradshaw; People's Action Movement (PAM), William Herbert; Nevis Reformation Party (NFP), Ivor Stevens Voting strength (1971 election): St. Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla Labor Party won 7 seats in the House of Assembly, PAM won 2, 1 seat remains open for Anguilla which did not participate in the election as a protest to United Kingdom's resumption of control over St. Christopher and Nevis Communists: none known Member of: CARIFTA ECONOMY: GDP: $15.2 million (1969), $270 per capita Agriculture: main crops -- sugar on St. Christopher, cotton on Nevis Major industries: sugar processing, salt extraction Electric power: 147,500 kw. capacity (1969 est.); 260 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 437 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $4.3 million (f.o.b., 1969); sugar, molasses, cotton, salt, copra Imports: $9.6 million (c..i.f., 1969); foodstuffs, fuel, manufactures Major trade partners: U.K. 45%, Canada 14%, U.S. 12% (1966) Monetary conversion rate: 1.93 East Caribbean dollars=US$l (6 October 1971) 287 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Railroads: none Highways: 180 mi.; 60 mi. paved, 90 mi. gravel, crushed stone, or improved earth, 30 mi. unimproved earth Ports: 2 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 3 total, 3 usable; 1 with asphalt runway 5,700 ft. Telecommunications: good interisland VHF radio connections and international link via Antigua; about 1,600 telephones; no data on radio, 6,000 TV receivers; 2 AM and 1 TV stations 288 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 81A Approved For Release 2004/0f31L:Ucc4-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 238 sq. mi.; 34% arable, 5% pasture, 21% forest, 22% unused but potentially productive, 18% wasteland and built-on (1964) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 98 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 104,000, average annual growth rate 1.6% (April 60-70) Ethnic divisions: mainly of African Negro descent Religion: predominantly Roman Catholic Language: English, French patois Literacy: about 80% Labor force: 27,000 (1960); 50% agriculture Organized labor: 20% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: State of St. Lucia Type: dependent territory with full internal autonomy as a British "Associated State" Capital: Castries Political subdivisions: 14 parishes Legal system: based on English common law; constitution of 1960; highest judicial body is Court of Appeal of Leeward and Windward Islands Government leaders: Premier John Compton; U.K. Governor Frederick Clarke Suffrage: universal adult suffrage Elections: every 5 years; most recent April 1969 Political parties and leaders: United Worker's Party (UWP), John Compton; St.. Lucia Labor Party (SLP), Martin Jean Baptiste; St. Lucia Labor Party United Front (LPUF) led by George Charles Voting strength (1969 election): UWP won 6 of the 10 elected seats in Legislative Council; SLP won 3 seats; LPUF won 1 seat Communists: negligible Member of:. CARIFTA ECONOMY: GDP: $28.2 million (1969), $230 per capita Agriculture: main crops -- bananas, copra, sugar, cocoa, spices Major industries: tourism, lime processing Shortages: food, machinery, capital goods Electric power: 4,565 kw. capacity (1969); 9.3 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.); 82 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $6.2 million (f.o.b., 1968); sugar, bananas, cocoa Imports: $14.7 million (c.i.f., 1968); foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fertilizers, petroleum products Major trade partners: U.K. 49%, Canada 9%, U.S. 8% (1964) Monetary conversion rate: 1.93 East Caribbean dollars=US$l (6 October 1971) COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 440 mi.; 150 mi. paved; 190 mi. gravel, crushed stone, or improved earth; 100 mi. unimproved earth Ports: 1 major, 1 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 3 total, 3 usable; 1 with asphalt runway 5,700 ft., 1 with concrete runway 5,000 ft.; 2 seaplane stations 289 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS (co4pp peed For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Telecommunications: partly automatic telephone system with 2,700 telephones to be improved as result of initiation of operation of microwave radio link between two main towns; interisland tropospheric links to Barbados and Antigua; no data on radio or TV receivers, 1 AM station 290 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 81AApproved For Release 2004/08/31 CIA RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ST. LAND: 150 sq. mi. (including northern Grenadines); 50% arable, 3% pasture, 44% forest, 3% wasteland and built-on (1964) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 52 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 91,000, average annual growth rate 1.1% (April 60-70) Ethnic divisions: mainly of African Negro descent; remainder mixed with some white and East Indian and Carib Indian Religion: Church of England, Methodist, Roman Catholic Language: English, some French patois Literacy: about 80% Labor force: 24,000 (1960); about 40% in agriculture Organized labor: 10% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: State of St. Vincent Type: dependent territory with full internal autonomy as a British "Associated State" Capital: Kingstown Political subdivisions: 10 local government authorities Legal system: based on English common law; constitution of 1960; highest judicial body is Court of Appeal of Leeward and Windward Islands Government leader: Premier, R. Milton Cato; Administrator (U.K.) Rupert John Suffrage: universal adult suffrage Elections: every 5 years; most recent May 1967 Political parties and leaders: People's Political Party (PPP), Ebenezer Joshua; St. Vincent Labor Party (LP), R. Milton Cato Voting strength (1967 election): LP won 6 seats to PPP's 3 in the Legislative Council Communists: negligible Member of: CARIFTA ECONOMY: GDP: $16.9 million (1969), $180 per capita Agriculture: main crops -- bananas, arrowroot, coconut Major industries: food processing Electric power: 1,700 kw. capacity (1969); 5.1 million kw.-hr. produced (1969 est.), 53 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $3.7 million (f.o.b., 1968); bananas, arrowroot, copra, cotton Imports: $1.0 million (c.i.f., 1968); fertilizer, flour, transportation equipment, lumber, textiles Major trade partners: U.K. 39%, U.S. 10%, Canada 10% (1967) Monetary conversion rate: 1.93 East Caribbean dollars=US$l (6 October 1971) COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 600 mi.; 150 mi. paved; 450 mi. gravel, crushed stone, or improved earth Ports: 1 minor Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 3 total; 2 usable, with asphalt runway 4,800 ft. Approved For Release 2004/08/3129blA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 Appproved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS (cont d): Telecommunications: islandwide automatic telephone system with 900 instruments; VHF interisland links to Barbados and St. Lucia; no data on radio or TV receivers; 2 AM stations Approved For Release 104/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/0> 'MARc RDP79-O1O51AO00400010002-1 LAND: 24 sq. mi.; 74% cultivated, 22% meadows and pastures, 4% built-on (1964) Land boundaries: 21 mi. Organized labor: General Democratic Federation of Sanmarinese Workers (affiliated with ICFTU) has about 1,800 members; Communist-dominated Camera del Lavoro, about 1,000 members PEOPLE: Population: 20,000, average annual growth rate 1.9% (FY65-70) Ethnic divisions: composite of Mediterranean, Alpine, Adriatic, and Nordic racial types Religion: Roman Catholic Language: Italian Literacy: illiteracy relatively insignificant Labor force: approx. 4,300 GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of San Marino Type: republic (dates from 4th century A.D.); in 1862 the Kingdom of Italy concluded a treaty guaranteeing the independence of San Marino; although legally sovereign, San Marino is vulnerable to pressure from the Italian Government Capital: San Marino Political subdivisions: San Marino is divided into 9 sections: Guaita, Fratta, Serravalle, Domagnano, Acquaviva, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, Faetano, Chiesanuova Legal system: based on civil law system with Italian law influences; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: the Grand and General Council is the legislative body elected by popular vote; its 60 members serve 5-year terms; Council in turn elects two Captains- Regent who exercise executive power for term of 6 months, the Council of State whose members head government administrative departments and the Council of Twelve, the supreme judicial body; actual executive power is wielded by the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and the Secretary of State for Internal Affairs Government leaders: Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Federico Bigi (Christian Democratic party); Secretary of State for Internal Affairs Gian Luigi Berti (Christian Democratic party) Suffrage: universal (since 1960) Elections: elections to the Grand and General Council required at least every 5 years; next elections 1974 Political parties and leaders: Christian Democratic party (DCS), Federico Bigi Social Democratic Party (PSDIS), Alvaro Casali; Socialist Party (PSS), Gino Giacomini, Domenico Forcellini; Communist Party (PCS), Umberto Barulli Voting strength (1969 election): 45% DCS, 25% PCS, 18.3% PSDIS, 11.7% PSS Communists: approx. 300 members (number of sympathizers cannot be determined); PCS is technically autonomous but in fact closely tied to Italian Communist Party (PCI); PCS-PSS coalition dominated San Marino Government until 1957; PSS, unlike its Italian counterpart, remains securely allied with PCS Other political parties and pressure groups: political parties influenced by policies of their counterparts in Italy, but the two Socialist parties are not united as in Italy Member of: ICJ, International Institute for Unification of Private Law, International Relief Union, IRC, UPU Approved For Release 2004/08/312931A-RDP79-O1O51AOOO4OOO1OOO2-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 ECONOMY: and i tourism; the n goMarino are vernment's farming, livestock rais Principal economic manufacturing, isgabougt $1 $12 million, on, with the largest share of revenue derived from the sale of postage stamps throughout the world and from payments by the Italian government in exchange for Italy's monopoly in retailing tobacco, gasoline, and a few other goods; main problem is finding an additional $3 million to finance badly needed water and electric power systems expansions Agriculture: principal crops are wheat (average annual output about 4,400 metric tons/year) and grapes (average annual output about 700 metric tons/year); other grains, fruits, vegetables, andanimal cows, oxen, feedstuffsaarndeshalso 6,000 livestock population numbers roughly and hides are most important livestock products Electric power: obtained from Italy Manufacturing: consists mainly of cotton textile production at Serravalle, brick and tile production at Dogane, cement production atAcquaviva,Do hides, Fiorentino, and pottery production at Borgo Maggiore; paper, candy, baked goods, Moscato wine, and gold and silver souvenirs are also produced Foreign transactions: dominated by tourism; in summer months 20,000 to 30,000 foreigners visit San Marino every day; a number of hotels and restaurants have been built in recent years to accommodate them; remittances from Sanmarinese abroad also represent an important net foreign inflow; commodity trade wheat,cwine, sortoanwie, manufactures COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: about 65 mi. Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: none Telecommunications: automatic telephone system serving 2,400 telephones; no radiobroadcasting or television facilities, 3,000 radio and 600 TV receivers (Italian broadcasts) Approved For Release 2044/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 NIS 32D Approved For Release 200~4q~/I3lRAc1 -RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 618,000 sq. mi. (boundaries are poorly defined); 1% agricultural, 1% forested, 98% desert, waste, or urban (1963) Land boundaries: 2,820 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 1,560 mi. rwrLL.. Population: about 4.7 million, average annual growth rate 000; 720,000 fit 350 1 les 15-49 t , , , ); ma 2.5% (curren for military service; about 69,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 90% Arab, 10% Afro-Asian (est.) Religion: 100% Muslim Language: Arabic Literacy: 15% (est.) Labor force: about 25% of population; 40% agriculture and herding, 12% construction, 12% service, 12% government, 11% commerce GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Type: monarchy Capital: Riyadh; foreign ministry and foreign diplomatic representatives located in Juddah Political subdivisions: 18 amirates Legal system: largely based on Islamic law, several secular codes have been introduced; commercial disputes handled by special committees; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: King Faysal (Al Saud, Faysal ibn Abd al-Aziz) rules in consultation with ruling family, Council of Ministers, and religious leaders Government leader: King Faysal Communists: negligible Member of: Arab League, FAO, IAEA, IATA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IMF, ITU, OAPEC, OPEC, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: Agriculture: dates, grains, livestock; not self-sufficient in food Major industries: petroleum production 3.8 million barrels per day (1970); est. payments to Saudi Arabian Government, $1,223 million in 1970; cement production and small steel-rolling mill and oil refinery; several other light industries, including factories producing detergents, plastic products, furniture, etc.; PETROMIN, a semipublic agency associated with the Ministry of Petroleum, has recently completed a major fertilizer plant Electric power: 290,000 kw. capacity (1970); 1 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 180 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2,185 million (f.o.b., 1970); 99% petroleum and petroleum products Imports: $842 million (c.i.f., 1970); manufactured goods, transportation equipment, construction materials, and processed food products Major trade partners: exports -- U.S., Western Europe, Japan; imports -- U.S., Japan, West Germany Monetary conversion rate: 4.5 Saudi riyals=US$l (IMF par value, freely convertible) Fiscal year: follows Islamic year; the 1970-71 Saudi fiscal year covers the period 2 September 1970 through 20 August 1971 295 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 350 mi., 4'8 1/2" gage Highways: 7,542 mi.; 4,971 mi. bituminous, 520 mi. gravel and crushed stone, 2,051 mi. improved earth, undetermined mileage of earth and desert track Pipelines: crude oil, 1,792 mi.; refined products, 96 mi.; natural gas, 275 mi. Ports: 3 major, 6 minor Merchant marine: 10 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 46,200 GRT, 61,500 DWT; includes 2 passenger, 6 cargo, 1 bulk, 1 tanker Civil air: 23 major transport aircraft Airfields: 228 total, 71 usable; 16 with permanent-surface runways; 9 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 40 with runways 4,000-7,999-ft. Telecommunications: excellent international radio communications; poor domestic wire service; 44,250 telephones; 85,000 radio and 75,000 TV receivers; 11 TV, 1 FM, and 4 AM stations; 2 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 10 August 1972, $712.8 million; about 29.7% of total budget 296 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/0S$LL ~ ? CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 nirc cnr GAL LAND: 76,000 sq. mi.; 13% forested, 40% agricultural (10% cultivated), 47% built-up areas, waste, etc. Land boundaries: 1,665 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 330 mi. 1/ Europeans an Religion: 80% Muslim, 15% animist, 5% Christian (mostly Roman Catholic) Language: French official, but regular use limited to literate minority; most Senegalese speak own tribal language; use of Wolof vernacular spreading -- now spoken to some degree by nearly half the population Literacy: 10% (est.) in 14 plus age group Labor force: 1,732,000; about 70% subsistence agricultural workers; about 125,000 wage earners Organized labor: majority of wage-labor force represented by unions; however, dues-paying membership very limited PEOPLE: Population: 4,029,000, average annual growth rate 2.6% (FY69); males 15-49, 952,000; 455,000 fit for military service; 42,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 36% Wolof, 18% Fulani, 17% Serer, 9% Tukulor, 9% Dyola, 7% Malinke, 3% other African, A Lebanese GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Senegal Type: republic; only one legal party since 1966 Capital: Dakar Political subdivisions: 7 regions, each subdivided into 28 departments and 90 arrondissements Legal system: based on French civil law system; laws dealing with marriage, inheritance, succession, etc., based on Islamic law with elements of traditional practices; constitution adopted 1960, revised 1963 and 1970; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court (which also audits the government's accounting office); legal education at University of Dakar; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: Government dominated by President who is assisted by Prime Minister, appointed by President and subject to dismissal by President or censure by National Assembly; 80-member National Assembly, elected for 5 years (effective 1968); President elected for 5-year term (effective 1968) by universal suffrage; judiciary headed by Supreme Court, with members appointed by President Government leaders: Leopold Sedar Senghor, President; Abdou Diouf, Prime Minister Suffrage: universal adult Political parties and leaders: Union Progressiste Senegalaise (UPS), ruling party led by President Leopold Senghor, has absorbed all major opposition parties; illegal parties include Communist-backed Parti Africain de 1'Independence (PAI), led by Majmout Diop, and Parti Communiste Senegalais (PCS) a splinter group Elections: single party (UPS) presidential and legislative elections held February 1968 Communists: a few Communists and sympathizers; PAI is pro-Moscow; PCS is pro-Peking Member of: EAMA, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, OCAM, Organization of Senegal River States (OERS), U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO 2 Approved For Release 2004/08/319CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: GDP: $824 million (1969, calculated at exchange rate prevailing after August 1969); $210 per capita; real growth rate 2% (per annum) Agriculture: main crops -- peanuts, millet, sorghum, manioc, rice; peanuts primary cash crop; production of food crops increasing but still insufficient for domestic requirements Fishing: catch 182,000 tons, $23 million (1969); exports $151,000 (1969), imports (not available) Major industries: fishing, agricultural processing plants, light manufacturing, mining Electric power: 110,400 kw. capacity (1970); 337 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 84 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $115 million (f.o.b., 1969); approx. 50% peanuts and peanut products; phosphate rock; canned fish Imports: $185 million (c.i.f., 1969); food, consumer goods, machinery, transport equipment Major trade partners: France, EC (other than France), and franc zone Aid: economic -- France (1964-67) $93.1 million; U.S. (1961-70) $37.3 million; U.S.S.R. $6.7 million loan negotiated; EC (1962-70) $100.5 million; military -- U.S. (FY61-70) $2.8 million Monetary conversion rate: 1 Communaute Financiere Africaine franc=0.02 French francs; prior to 13 August 1971, 277 CFA francs=US$l Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads::640 mi. meter gage; 40 mi. double track Highways: 8,725 mi.; 1,335 mi. bituminous, 990 mi. gravel, 400 mi. improved earth, 6,000 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 935 mi. Merchant marine: 3 ships (1,000 GRT and over) totaling 5,300 GRT, 6,500 DWT; includes 2 cargo, 1 tanker Ports: 1 major, 4 minor Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft, including 1 leased to Air Mauritanie Airfields: 40 total, 25 usable; 8 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 17 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 3 seaplane stations Telecommunications: relatively advanced for Africa; 29,300 telephones; 268,000 radio receivers; 1,400 TV receivers; 3 AM, no FM, and 1 TV stations; 3 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: primarily dependent on France Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June 1972, $17,874,100; about 10.5% of total budget Approved For Release 2084/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004 4ILEPIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 156 sq. mi.; 54% arable land, nearly all of it is under cultivation, 17% wood and forest land, 29% other (mainly reefs and other surfaces unsuited for agriculture); 40 granitic and 43 coral islands WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 305 mi. (Mahe Island 58 mi.) PEOPLE: Population: 54,000, average annual growth rate 2.0% (FY69); males 15-49, 13,000; 7,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: Seychellois (admixture of Asians, Africans, Europeans) Religion: 90% Roman Catholic Language: English official; Creole most widely spoken Literacy: limited Labor force: 22,000 agriculture Organized labor: 3 major trade unions GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Colony of the Seychelles Type: British crown colony Capital: Victoria, Mahe Island Legal system: based on English common law, French civil law system, and customary law Branches: Governor, Council of Ministers, Legislative Assembly Government leader: Governor Sir Bruce Greatbatch Suffrage: universal adult Elections: November 1970 Political parties and leaders: Seychelles Democratic Party (SDP), James R. Mancham, President; Seychelles Peoples United Party (SPUP), France Albert Rene, President Voting strength: SDP won 4 seats on Governing Council with 52.8% popular vote in 1970 election; SPUP won 5 seats with 47.2% of votes Communists: negligible of Other political or pressure groups: trade unions which are appendages political parties ECONOMY: Agriculture: islands depend largely on coconut production and export of copra; cinnamon, vanilla, and patchouli (used for perfumes) are other cash crops; food crops -- small quantities of sweet potatoes, cassava, sugarcane, and bananas; islands not self-sufficient in foodstuffs and the bulk of the supply must be imported Major industries: processing of coconut and vanilla, fishing, small-scale manufacture of consumer goods, coir rope factory, tea factory Electric power: 3,400 kw. capacity (1970); 8.5 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 162 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $3 million (f.o.b., 1968); cinnamon (bark and oil) and vanilla account for almost 50% of the total, copra accounts for about 40%, the remainder consisting of vanilla, patchouli, fish, and guano Imports: $6.3 million (c.i.f., 1968); food, tobacco, and beverages account for about 40% of imports, manufactured goods about 25%, machinery and transport equipment, petroleum products, textiles Major trade partners: exports -- India, U.S.; imports -- U.K., Burma, India, South Africa, Kenya, Australia 299 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Aid: $1.2 million in aid in both 1965 and 1966 from U.K. Monetary conversion rate: 5.4 Seychelles rupees=US$l Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 141 mi.; 62 mi. bituminous, 79 mi. crushed stone or earth Ports: 1 minor port (Victoria) Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 2 total, 1 usable on Astove Island, 1 permanent surface 8,000-11,999 ft.; former RAF seaplane station at Port Victoria, Mahe Island, although not in present use, could be used in emergency Telecommunications: direct radiotelegraph communications with other adjacent islands and African coastal countries; 600 telephones; 11,000 radio sets; no TV sets; 2 AM, no FM, and no TV stations; submarine cables extend to Aden, Tanzania, Ceylon, and Mauritius DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of U.K.; no U.K. troops present 300 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004ff~f1 L?E-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 RTC cnn LAND: 27,900 sq. mi.; 65% arable (6% of total land area under cultivation), 27% pasture, 4% swampland, 4% forested (1967) Land boundaries: 580 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: territorial sea claim 200 n. mi. (no fishing claim) Coastline: 250 mi. PEOPLE: 2 607 000 average annual growth rate 1.5% Population. , , , (FY69); males 15-49, 616,000; 295,000 fit for military service; no conscription Ethnic divisions: over 99% native African, rest European and Asian; 13 tribes Religion: 70% animist, 25% Muslim, 5% Christian Language: English official, but regular use limited to literate minority; principal vernaculars are Mende in south and Temne in north; "Creole," a form of pidgin English, is also widely spoken Literacy: about 10% Labor force: about 1.5 million; most of population engages in subsistence agriculture; only small minority, some 100,000, earn wages Organized labor: 35% of wage earners (35,000) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Sierra Leone Type: republic under presidential regime since April 1971 Capital: Freetown Political subdivisions: 3 provinces; divided into 12 districts with 146 chief- doms, where paramount chief and council of elders constitute basic unit of government; plus western area, which comprises Freetown and other coastal areas of the former colony Legal system: based on English law and customary laws indigenous to local tribes; constitution adopted April 1970; highest court of appeal is the Sierra Leone Court of Appeals; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive authority exercised by President; parliament consists of 78 members, 66 of whom are elected representatives and 12 paramount chiefs representing tribal councils in provincial districts; independent judiciary Government leader: Siaka Stevens, President, heads APC government composed of members of his political party, and paramount chiefs Elections: the maximum life of an elected parliament is 5 years, but it may be dissolved earlier by the President; last election March 1967; President is elected by parliament for 5 year term; next presidential election 1976 Political parties and leaders: All People's Congress (APC), headed by Stevens; Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP) is the opposition party Communists: no party, although there are a few Communists and a slightly larger number of sympathizers Member of: Commonwealth, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMF, ITU, OAU, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $425 million (FY70), approx. $170 per capita; real growth rate 1970, 2%-3% Agriculture: main crops -- palm kernels, coffee, cocoa, rice, yams, millet, cassava; much of cultivated land devoted to subsistence farming; food crops insufficient for domestic consumption Fishing: catch 25.5 thousand tons (1969), $3.8 million (1969) 301 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): -- diamonds, iron ore, bauxite, rutile; manufacturing Major industries: mining -- beverages, textiles, cigarettes, cons125cmillionokw.-hr oilprodrefineucedry(1970), (1970); Electric power: 45,000 kw. capacity 50 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $107 million (f . o.b., 1969); 69% 69/ diamonds; iron ore, palm kernels, cocoa, coffee 1969); machinery and transportation equipment, Imports: $111 million (c.i.f?~ manufactured goods, foodstuffs, petroleum products Major trade partners: U.K., EC, Japan, U.S., Communist countries Monetary conversion rate: 1 Leone=US$1.20 (official); 0.833 leone=US$l Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June (since 1 July 1966) COMMUNICATIONS: Leone Goveernment Railroads: 370 route miles; 310 mi. narrow gage privy Sierra rra Leonal re Railroad (SLR), 60 mi. narrow gage (3'6") operated by the Sierra Leone Development-Company Highways: 4,950 mi.; 450 mi. bituminous (including some bituminous treatment)., 1,750 mi. laterite (some gravel), and 2,750 mi. earth Inland waterways: 500 mi.; 372 mi. navigable year-round Ports: 1 major, 2 minor 1 with runway Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 15 total, 15 usable; 5 with permaneent_surfacesranlays;statitn 8,000-11,999 ft., 4 with runways 4,000-7,999 rndeieleg;ap1 hAarenadeMuate; 6,5000stelephones; ins; Telecommunications: telephone 35,000 radio and 3 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on U.K. Military budget: for year ending 30 June 1972, 6,122,000; 8.4% of total budget 302 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/MRA'PbIOA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 225 sq. mi.; 31% built up area, roads, railroads, and airfields, 22% agricultural, 47% other (1970) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 120 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 2,127,000, average annual growth rate 1.6% (FY70); males 15-49, 492,000; 335,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: 78% Chinese, 12% Malay, 7% Indians and Pakistani, 3% other Religion: majority of Chinese are Buddhists or atheists; Malays nearly all Muslim; minorities include Christians, Hindus, Sikhs, Taoists, Confucianists Language: national language is Malay; Chinese, Malay, Tamil, and English are official languages Literacy: 88% (1967) Labor force: 577,000; 3% agriculture and fishing; 24% manufacturing and construction; 67% trade, transportation, communications, and other services; 6% other Organized labor: 26% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Singapore Type: republic within Commonwealth since separation from Malaysia in August 1965 Capital: Singapore Legal system: based on English common law; constitution based on preindependence State of Singapore constitution; legal education at University of Singapore; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: ceremonial President; executive power exercised by Prime Minister and cabinet responsible to unitary legislature Government leaders: President, Dr. Benjamin Sheares; Prime Minister, Lee Kuan Yew Suffrage: universal over age 20; voting compulsory Elections: normally every 5 years Political parties and leaders: government -- People's Action Party (PAP), Lee Kuan Yew; opposition -- Barisan Sosialis Party (BSP), Dr. Lee Siew Choh; Workers' Party, J.B. Jeyaretnam; Communist Party illegal Voting strength (1968 election): PAP returned unopposed in 51 of 58 constituencies; in remaining 7 constituencies PAP received 84% of vote, independents 9%; Worker's Party 4%; BSP boycotted election Member of: ASEAN, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $1.9 billion (1970), $910 per capita; 11% average annual real growth Agriculture: occupies a position of minor importance in the economy, main crops -- poultry, hogs, small truck farming; food shortages -- grains, sugar, dairy products Fishing: catch 170,000 tons (1970), $5.8 million (1969) Major industries: rubber processing and rubber products, processed food and beverages, electronics, ship repair, entrepot trade Electric power: 584,000 kw. capacity (1970); 2.2 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 728 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $1.6 billion (f.o.b., 1970); almost 90% reexports; rubber, fuels, food 303 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Imports: $2.5 billion (c.i.f., 1970); over 40% goods reexported Major trade partners: exports -- Malaysia, Indonesia, U.S., Japan, U.K.; imports -- Malaysia, Japan, Indonesia, China, U.K., U.S. Aid: U.K. -- (1960-September 1969) $254 million disbursed; (1969-73) $120 million extended; IBRD -- (1963-June 1970) $111 million committed, $61 million disbursed Monetary conversion rate: 3.06 Singapore dollars=US$l Fiscal year: converted to 1 April - 31 March fiscal year on 1 April 1970; formerly on calendar year basis COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 24 mi. of meter gage Highways: 1,080 mi.; 650 mi. paved, 260 mi. crushed stone, 170 mi. improved earth Ports: 3 major Merchant marine: 115 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 633,200 GRT, 837,900 DWT; includes 4 passenger, 90 cargo, 12 tanker, 6 bulk, 3 specialized carrier Civil air: 10 major transport aircraft Airfields: 5 total, 5 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 2 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: adequate domestic facilities; good international service; good radio and television broadcast coverage; about 136,267 telephones; est. 227,410 radio and 145,258 TV sets; 2 AM, 4 FM, and 2 TV stations; new SEACOM submarine cable extends to Hong Kong via Sabah, Malaysia DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: produces some small arms ammunition, rifles, and quartermaster-type individual equipment; some small patrol craft built; all other materiel imported, mainly from U.K. and U.S. Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 March 1972, $191 million; 32% of total budget 304 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 55B Approved For Release 2004/0>()C.IqIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 246,000 sq: mi.; 13% arable (0.3% cultivated), 32% grazing, 14% scrub and forest, 41% mainly desert, urban, or other (1970) Land boundaries: 1,406 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 1,880 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 2,886,000, average annual growth rate 2.2% (FY69); males 15-49, 700,000; 365,000 fit for military service; no conscription 3ABIA Ethnic divisions: 85% Hamitic, rest mainly Bantu; 30,000 Arabs, 3,000 Europeans, 800 Asians Religion: almost entirely Muslim Language: Somali (but no written form); Arabic, Italian, English Literacy: under 5% Labor force: 965,000 (1968 est.); very few are skilled laborers; 70% pastoral nomads, 30% agriculturists, government employees, traders, fishermen, handicraftsmen, other Organized labor: law providing for government-controlled labor union promulgated in June 1971, but union so far not established GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Somali Democratic Republic Type: republic; under military rule since October 1969 Capital: Mogadiscio Political subdivisions: 8 regions, 48 districts Organization: the junta has assumed all authority, calling itself the Supreme Revolutionary Council, membership of which consists of 18 army and 3 police officers; the Council has abrogated the constitution, dissolved the parliament, and banned political parties Government leader: President of the Supreme Revolutionary Council, Gen. Mohamed Siad Barre Member of: EAMA, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMF, ITU, OAU, U.N., UNESCO, UNICEF, UPU, WHO ECONOMY: GDP: $137 million (1968 est.), about $50 per capita Agriculture: mainly a pastoral country; main crops -- bananas, livestock, sugarcane, cotton, cereals Major industries: a few small industries, including a sugar refinery, tuna and beef canneries, iron rod plant Electric power: 13,000 kw. capacity (1970); 31 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 10 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $34.5 million (f.o.b., 1969, est.); bananas, livestock, hides, skins Imports: $46.9 million (c.i.f., 1969, est.); textiles, cereals, transport equipment Major trade partners: Italy and U.K.; Arab countries; $6.9 million imports from Communist countries (1965) Monetary conversion rate: 7.143 Somali shillings=US$l (official) Fiscal year: 1 January - 31 December 305 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Railroads: none Highways: 8,324 mi.; 492 mi. paved; 478 mi. crushed stone, gravel, or stablized soil; 7,354 mi. improved or unimproved earth Inland waterways: Fiume Giuba navigable 345 mi. from May to mid-June and August to late November Ports: 4 major, 17 minor Civil air: 6 major transport aircraft Merchant marine: 107 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 644,600 GRT, 957,100 DWT; 1 passenger, 10 tanker, 95 cargo; 1 bulk; all foreign owned and operated Airfields: 107 total, 57 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 11 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 5 seaplane stations Telecommunications: telephone poor, telegraph fair; 4,800 telephones; 45,000 radio receivers; 2 AM, no FM or TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, 17,662,800; 40.9% of total budget 306 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 61 SOUTH AFRICA LAND: 472,000 sq. mi. (includes enclave of Walvis Bay, 434 sq. mi.); 12% cultivable, 2% forested, 86% desert, waste, or urban (1970) Land boundaries: 1,270 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 6 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 1,790 mi. mi i ary Force begins at 18; volunteers for service in permanent force must be 17 Ethnic divisions: 17.8% white, 69.9% Bantu, 9.4% Colored, 2.9% Asian Religion: primarily Christian except Asian and Bantu; 60% of Bantu are animists Language: Afrikaans and English official, Bantu have many vernacular languages Literacy: almost all white population literate; government estimates 35% of Bantu literate Labor force: 8.7 million (total of economically active, 1960); 53% agriculture, 8% manufacturing, 7% mining, 5% commerce, 27% miscellaneous services Organized labor: about 5% of total labor force is unionized (mostly white workers); nonwhites have no bargaining power PEOPLE: Population: 22,118,000, average annual growth rate 2.4% (FY69); males 15-49, 5,060,000; 3,065,000 fit for '1t service- obligation for service in Citizen GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of South Africa Type: republic Capital: administrative, Pretoria; legislative, Cape Town; judicial, Bloemfontein Political subdivisions: 4 provinces, each headed by centrally appointed administrator; provincial councils, elected by white electorate, retain limited powers Legal system: based-on Roman-Dutch law and English common law; constitution, enacted 1961, changing the Union of South Africa into a Republic; possibility of judicial review of Acts of Parliament concerning dual official iuiiguages; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: President as formal chief of state; Prime Minister as head of government; Cabinet responsible to bicameral legislature, lower house elected directly by white electorate; upper house indirectly elected and appointed; judiciary maintains substantial independence of government influence Government leader: Prime Minister Balthazar J. Vorster Suffrage: general suffrage limited to whites over 18 (17 in Natal Province) Elections: must be held at least every 5 years; last elections April 1970 Political parties and leaders: National Party, B. J. Vorster, P. W. Botha, B. J. Shoeman, M. C. Botha, Jan De Klerk; United Party, Sir De Villiers Graaff; Progressive Party, Colin Eglin, Helen Suzman; Herstigte Nasionale Party, Albert Hertzog, Jaap Marais Voting strength (1970 general elections): of 166 legislative seats, National Party 118, United Party 47, Progressive Party 1 Communists: small Communist Party illegal since 1950; party in exile maintains headquarters in London; Dr. Yasuf Dadoo, Michael Harmel, Joe Slovo Other political groups: (insurgent groups in exile) African National Congress (ANC) Oliver Tambo; Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC), leadership in dispute Member of: IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IHB, IMF, ITU, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UPU, WHO, WMO Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : 6YA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GNP: $16.7 billion (1970), $830 per capita; real growth rate 5.1% (1970) Agriculture: main crops -- corn, wool, dairy products, wheat, sugarcane, tobacco, citrus fruits; self-sufficient in foodstuffs Fishing: catch 1,079,000 tons (1968); exports $45 million (1970), imports $10 million (1970) Major industries: mining, automobile assembly, metal working, machinery, textiles, iron and steel, chemical, fertilizer, fishing Electric power: 11,635,000 kw. capacity (1970); 48.8 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 2,279 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2.2 billion (f.o.b., 1970 excluding gold); wool, diamonds, corn, uranium, sugar, fruit, hides, skins, metals, metallic ores, asbestos, fish products; gold output $1.1 billion (1970) Imports: $3.6 billion (f.o.b., 1970); motor vehicles, machinery, metals, petroleum products, textiles, chemicals Major trade partners: U.K. and other Commonwealth nations, U.S., Germany, Japan Aid: no substantial military or economic aid Monetary conversion rate: 1 SA Rand=US$1.40 (official); 0.714 SA Rand=US$1 Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 12,277 mi.; 11,837 mi. 3'6" gage of which 1,323 mi. are multiple track; 2,634 mi. electrified; 440 mi. 2'0" gage single track Highways: 220,000 mi.; 27,300 mi. paved, 47,050 mi. crushed stone or gravel, 145,650 mi. improved and unimproved earth Pipelines: crude oil, 520 mi.; refined products, 450 mi.; natural gas, 200 mi. Ports: 5 major, 6 minor Merchant marine: 58 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 405,300 GRT, 496,200 DWT; includes 2 passenger, 51 cargo, 3 bulk, 2 specialized carrier Civil air: 53 major transport aircraft Airfields: 735 total, 588 usable; 40 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway over 12,000 ft., 6 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 131 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 4 seaplane stations Telecommunications: the system, except for the lack of television, is the best developed, most modern, and highest capacity in Africa and consists of carrier-equipped open-wire lines, coaxial cables, radio-relay links, and radiocommunication stations; key centers are Bloemfontein, Cape Town, Durban, Johannesburg, Port Elizabeth, and Pretoria; 1.5 million telephones; 2 million radio receivers; 13 AM, 60 FM, and no TV stations; 4 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for year ending 31 March 1971, $360,000,000; about 9.9% of total budget Approved For Release 31&04/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release iDOTH- 1:A9"DP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 318,000 sq. mi.; mostly desert except for interior plateau and area along northern border (1970) Land boundaries: 2,360 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 6 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 925 mi. , (mulattoes); almost half the Africans belong to Ovambo tribe; Herero, Okavango, Nama, and Damara tribes have about 30,000 members each Religion: whites predominantly Christian, nonwhites either animist or Christian Language: Afrikaans principal language of about 70% of white population, German of 22%, and English of 8%; several African languages Literacy: high for white population; low for nonwhite Labor force: 75,000 African wage earners (1964 est.); 68% agriculture, 15% railroads, 13% mining, 4% fishing Organized labor: no trade unions, although some white wage earners belong to South African unions PEOPLE: Population: 773,000, average annual growth rate 1.9% (FY60-65); males 15-49, about 155,000; about 90,000 fit for military service 81% Africans, 5% Coloured Eth ' divisions: 14% white GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Territory of South-West Africa Type: administered as part of Republic of South Africa, under a League of Nations mandate; U.N. formally ended South Africa's mandate, and status now in dispute Capital: Windhoek Political subdivisions: police zone (police-protected area, consisting of 17 magisterial districts, in which all-white settlement and several Bantu reserves are found), northern territories (exclusively Bantu magisterial districts under control of officials of South African Department of Bantu Administration and Development) Legal system: based on Roman-Dutch law and customary law Branches: administrator, appointee of South African Government, principal local executive; structure similar to that of a province of the Republic; South-West Africa elects 4 Senators and 6 lower house members to the Republic's legislature; judicial system patterned on that of Republic Government leader: B.J. van der Walt, Administrator Suffrage: limited to white adults Elections: last general election, 1970 Political parties and leaders: white parties -- National Party (NP), led in South-West Africa by A. H. du Plessis; United National South-West Party (UNSWP), J. P. Niehaus; nonwhite parties -- South-West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), almost exclusively based on Ovambo tribe led by Sam Nujoma, in exile; South-West Africa National Union (SWANU), primarily based on Herero tribe, leaders in exile; National Unity Democratic Organization (NUDO), primarily based on Herero tribe led by Clements Kapuuo Voting strength: NP (1970 election) won all 10 seats in Republic legislature and all 18 seats in South-West Africa Legislative Assembly Communists: no Communist Party, but some influence by South African Communists and other Communists on South-West African Bantu outside territory Approved For Release 2004/08/31. CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Agriculture: livestock raising (cattle and crops (millet, sorghum, corn, and some must be imported Fishing: catch 979,000 tons (1968), mostly in South African enclave Major industries: meatpacking, fish mining, dairy products Electric power: 95,200 kw. capacity 463 kw.-hr. per capita sheep) predominates, subsistence wheat) are raised but most food $56 million (1970 -- after processing, of Walvis Bay) processing, copper, lead, and diamond (1969); Aid: South Africa is only major donor Monetary conversion rate: 1 South African Rand=US$l Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March 295 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), Rand=US$1.40 (official); 0.714 SA COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1,454 mi., all 3'6" gage, single track Highways: 21,000 mi.; 2,344 mi. bituminous treated, 220 mi. gravel and 18,436 mi. earth road and tracks Ports: 1 major, 1 minor Civil air: 3 major transport aircraft (registered in South Africa) Airfields: 118 total, 93 usable; 10 with permanent-surface runways; 4 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 39 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: system is a meager combination of open-wire lines, a single short radio-relay link, and scattered radiocommunication stations; Windhoek is the center; 32,100 telephones; unknown number of radio receivers; no AM, 1 FM, and no TV stations DEFENSE: Defense is responsibility of Republic of South Africa Approved For Release 20&1908/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08j~ IN CIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 195,000 sq. mi., including Canary (2,900 sq. mi.) and Balearic Islands (1,940 sq. mi.); 41% arable and land under permanent crops, 27% meadow and pasture, 22% forest, 10% urban or other (1969) Land boundaries: 1,180 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 6 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 3,085 mi. (includes Balearic Islands, 420 mi., and Canary Islands, 720 mi.) PEOPLE: Population: 33,833,000, average annual growth rate 1.1% (January 70-71); males 15-49, 8,263,000; 6,345,000 fit for military service; 289,000 reach military age (20) annually Ethnic divisions: homogeneous composite of Mediterranean and Nordic types Religion: 99% Roman Catholic, 1% other sects Language: Castilian Spanish spoken by great majority; but 17% speak Catalan, 7% Galician, and 2% Basque Literacy: about 90% Labor force (1969): 12.6 million; 30.2% agriculture, 36.9% industry, 32.9% services; registered unemployment is 1% of labor force Organized labor: 90% of labor force in compulsory government-controlled syndicates GOVERNMENT: Legal name: (The) Spanish State Type: nominally a monarchy, but without a king; actually a dictatorship under Generalissimo Franco with Prince Juan Carlos designated to succeed him as chief of state and become king Capital: Madrid Political subdivisions: metropolitan Spain, including the Canaries and Balearics, divided into 50 provinces with governors appointed by the central government, also 1 province and 5 places of sovereignty (presidios) in Africa; Ifni province ceded by Spain to Morocco in June 1969; 2 former provinces com- prising Equatorial Guinea were granted independence in October 1968 Legal system: civil law system, with regional applications of customary law; 7 basic laws including Organic Law of the State of January 1967 serve as a constitution; legal education at 14 schools of law; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive, with chief of government dominating all branches of government through his appointive powers and authority to legislate by decree; legislative with unicameral Cortes controlled by executive; judicial, completely subservient and limited to interpretation of laws Government leader: Generalissimo Francisco Franco -- who is also Chief of State, Commander in Chief of the armed forces, and head of the National Movement (formerly called the Falange) Suffrage: universal in national referendums, over age 21 Elections: only two types of direct election other than referendum provided: representatives to municipal councils for which only heads of households vote (last election November 1970) and, under new constitutional law of 1967, 104 members of the Cortes elected by heads of households and married women for a 4-year term (last election September 1971) 311 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GOVERNMENT (cont'2Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Political parties and leaders: National Movement (formerly called Falange) only legally recognized party, headed by Franco; Torcuato Fernandez Miranda, minister-secretary general of the movement; various semiclandestine opposition groups include -- Christian Democratic factions under Jose Maria Gil Robles and Joaquin Ruiz Gimenez; the Socialists, whose secretary general, Rodolfo Llopis, is in exile; "Internal Socialists" under Enrique Tierno Galvan; the Anarchists; Republicans; Monarchists; smaller regional and national splinter groups; the Communist Party, whose secretary general, Santiago Carrillo Solares, is in exile; and a pro-Chinese Communist faction Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Spain Voting strength: 556 seats, but only 534 members as some hold more than one seat -- 19% representing the family elected directly; 45% representing municipalities, syndicates, and professions elected indirectly under close regime control; and 36% are appointed by regime or are ex officio Communists: (inside and outside Spain, est.) 5,000; sympathizers up to 20,000 Other political or pressure groups: the state-controlled organization of syndicates, comprising representatives of management and labor, an illegal labor group called the Workers' Commissions, the Catholic Church, business and land owning interests, Opus Dei, Catholic Action, university students Member of: FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IHB, IMF, ITU, OECD, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $30.5 billion; $920 per capita (1970); 68.5% consumption, 24.3% investment, 10.4% government; -3.2% net export of goods and services (1969); 1970 (est.) real growth rate 6.4%, in 1964 constant prices Agriculture: main crops -- cereals, oranges, grapes for wine, potatoes, olives, sugar beets; virtually self-sufficient in good crop years; caloric intake, 2,680 (1968-69) calories per day per capita Fishing: catch 1.2 million tons, $326.8 million (1969); exports $67.2 million (1969 fish and fish products); imports $41.1 million (1969 fish and fish products) Major industries: food processing, textiles and apparel (including footwear), metal manufacturing, chemicals, shipbuilding Shortages: crude petroleum Crude steel: 7.4 million metric tons produced, 220 kilograms per capita (1970 Electric power: 17,906,000 kw. capacity (1970); 56,397 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 1,400 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $2,387 million (f.o.b., 1970); principal items -- oranges and other fruits, iron and steel products, textiles, wines, mercury, ships, canned fruits, vegetables Imports: $4,747 million (f.o.b., 1970); principal items -- machinery and transportation equipment, petroleum and petroleum products, grains, cotton, iron and steel Major trade partners: (1970) 32.7% U.S., 23.3% West Germany, 18.7% France, 14.5% U.K., 10.7% Italy, 6.8% Netherlands; 64.2% EC; 29.2% EFTA; 20.4% Latin America; 4.5% Eastern European countries Aid: economic -- U.S., $1,647.2 million authorized (FY49-70), $50.5 million authorized (FY69), $64 million authorized (FY70); IBRD, $224 million authorized (FY64-70), $37 million authorized (FY70); military -- U.S., $771.4 million authorized (FY53-70), $130.9 million authorized in FY70 Monetary conversion rate: 70 pesetas=US$1 (official) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 10,763 mi.; 8,493 mi.; (5'6" gage), 2,270 mi. other gages (4'8 1/2" to 1'11 5/8"), 1,309 mi., double track; 2,348 mi. electrified Approved For Release 1004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS (cont'd): Highways: 83,080 mi.; national -- 24,800 mi., bituminous, 22,940 mi. crushed stone; provincial -- 32,860 mi., 80% crushed stone, 20% paved; 2,480 mi. other Inland waterways: about 650 mi.; of minor importance as transport arteries and contribute little to economy Pipelines: crude oil, 229 mi.; refined products, 515 mi.; natural gas, 3 mi. Ports: 23 major, 20 minor Merchant marine: 432 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,149,100 GRT, 4,817,300 DWT; includes 38 passenger, 237 cargo, 85 tanker, 35 bulk, 37 specialized carrier Civil air: 162 major transport aircraft Airfields (including Balearic and Canary Islands): 118 total, 78 usable; 42 with permanent-surface runways; 4 with runways over 12,000 ft., 17 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 36 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 5 seaplane stations Telecommunications: modern, well engineered, well maintained; 4.5 million telephones; 5.5 million radio and 4.5 million television receivers; 190 AM, 40 FM, and 27 TV stations with numerous FM/TV repeaters; 15 submarine cables; 3 communication satellite ground stations DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for biennium ending 31 December 1971, $1,226 million; about 28% of total budget Approved For Release 2004/08/341:3CIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 NIS 50Approved For Release 2004/0?jjI:Spl4A , 79-O1O51AOOO4OOO1OOO2-1 LAND: 103,000 sq. mi., nearly all desert Land boundaries: 1,296 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 6 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi.) Coastline: 690 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 63,000 (official est. 1 July 1969); males 15-49, 15,000; 7,000-8,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: 51.2% Arab, Berber, and Negro nomads; 48.8% Spanish Religion: 51% Muslim, 49% Catholic Language: Spanish (official), local Arabic or Hassania Literacy: among Spanish, probably nearly 100%; among nomads, perhaps 5% Labor force: 12,000; 50% agriculture, 50% other Organized labor: none GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Province of Sahara Type: province of Spain, subordinate to Ministry of the Presidency Capital: El Aaiun Political, subdivisions: two regions -- Rio de Oro and Saguia el Hamra Legal system: based on Spanish civil law system and customary law Branches: Provincial Council; 80 members, of whom half are elected natives Government leader: Governor General responsible to Directorate General of the Promotion of the Sahara (a division of the Ministry of the Presidency), Br. Gen. Fernando de Santiago y Diaz de Mendivil Suffrage: heads of families only Elections: 40 members of Provincial Council, August 1967; half of municipal councillors May 1969 Political party: National Movement Communists: party proscribed; Communist sympathizers, few (if any) Other political or pressure groups: none ECONOMY: Agriculture: practically none; some barley is grown in nondrought years; fruit and vegetables in the few oases; food imports are essential; camels, sheep, and goats are kept by the nomadic natives; cash economy exists largely for the garrison forces , Major industries: confined to fishing and handicrafts; exploitation of huge phosphate deposit is planned Shortages: water Electric power: 300 kw. capacity (1970); 0.2 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 3 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $445,600 (1968); dried fish, goatskins Imports: $1,443,000 (1968); fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs Major trade partners: monetary trade largely with Spain and Spanish possessions Aid: small amounts from Spain Monetary conversion rate: 70 pesetas=US$l (official) COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 3,790 mi.; 305 bituminous treated, 3,485 mi. unimproved earth roads and tracks Ports: 2 major, 2 minor 315 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS (cAppg9ved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 23 total, 15 usable; 3 with permanent-surface runways; 5 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: telephone poor, telegraph poor to fair; 540 telephones; 1,500 radio receivers; 1 AM, no FM or TV stations 316 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/gW : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 967,000 sq. mi.; 37% arable (3% cultivated), 15% grazing, 33% desert, waste, or urban, 15% forest (1970) Land boundaries: 4,850 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 530 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 16,289,000, average annual growth rate 2.5% (FY70); males 15-49, 3,708,000; 2,200,000 fit for military service; average number reaching military 160 000 age (18) annually, Ethnic divisions: 39% Arab, 6% Beja, 52% Negro, 2% foreigners, 1% other Religion: 73% Sunni Muslims in north, 23% pagan, 4% Christian (mostly in south) Language: Arabic, Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, and Sudanic languages, English; program of Arabization in process Literacy: 5% to 10% Labor force: 5.8 million; 85% agriculture, 15% industry, commerce, services, etc.; labor shortages exist for almost all categories of employment GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Democratic Republic of the Sudan Type: republic under military control since coup in May 1969 Capital: Khartoum Political subdivisions: 9 provinces, provincial and local administrations controlled by central government Legal system: based on English common law and Islamic law; some separate religious courts; constitution adopted 1956, suspended 1958, restored on an interim basis in 1964; suspended with military coup in May 1969; temporary constitution established by Republican order in August 1971; Revolutionary Command Council established in 1969 disolved in October 1971 with the installation of Ja'far al-Numayrias president and chief executive; Numayri has reorganized government through a series of Republican decrees; legal education at University of Khartoum and Khartoum extension of Cairo University at Khartoum; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Government leader: RCC President and Prime Minister Ja'far al-Numayri Suffrage: universal adult but franchise has not been exercised under present regime Elections: parliamentary elections, first after 6 years of military rule held in April and May 1965 in 6 northern provinces; latest elections in April 1968; presidential plebescite held in September 1971 Political parties and leaders: all parties outlawed since May 1969; the ban was not enforced on the Sudan Communist Party until after abortive coup in July 1971 Voting strength: not tabulated by party Communists: party decimated following July 1971 coup and counter-coup, several top leaders including Secretary-General Mahjub executed; actual hard-core membership down to lowest point in years; party control over labor unions, professional groups and university student groups ended; Communists purged from government Member of: Arab League, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, ILO, IMF, ITU, OAU, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UPU, WMO 317 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GDP: $1.4 billion (1968 provisional), under $100 per capita; 7% growth at current prices 1967-68 Agriculture: main crops -- sorghum, millet, wheat, sesame, peanuts, beans, barley; not self-sufficient in food production; main cash crops -- cotton, gum arabic Major industries: cotton ginning, textiles, brewery, cement, edible oils, soap, distilling, shoes, pharmaceuticals Electric power: 132,000 kw. capacity (1970); 303 million kw.-hr. produced (1969), 19 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $287 million (f.o.b., FY70); cotton (64%), gum arabic, peanuts, sesame; $64.7 million exports to bloc (FY70) Imports: $268 million (c.i.f., FY70); textiles, petroleum products, vehicles, tea, wheat; $22.2 million imports from bloc (1968) Major trade partners: U.K., West Germany, Italy, India, U.S.S.R. Monetary conversion rate: ] Sudanese pound=US$2.87 (official); 0.348 Sudanese pound=US$l Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,950 mi.; 2,730 mi. 3'6" gage, 440 mi. 2' gage plantation line Highways: 6,550 mi.; 680 mi. crushed stone or gravel, 190 mi. bituminous-treated, and 5,680 mi. improved and unimproved earth roads; in addition, there are an undetermined number of tracks Inland waterways: 3,300 mi. navigable Ports: 1 major, 7 minor Merchant marine: 5 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 16,400 GRT, 19,800 DWT Civil air: 9 major transport aircraft Airfields: 86 total, 66 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 29 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: large system by African standards, but still barely adequate for size of country; consists of open-wire lines, radio-relay links, multi- conductor cables, radio communication stations and a tropospheric scatter link; principal center of Khartoum, secondary centers at Al Fashir and Port Sudan; 45,600 telephones; 650,000 radio and 35,000 TV receivers; 2 AM, no FM, and 1 TV stations; 5 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June 1971, $106.0 million; 24.0% of total budget Approved For Release 2408/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 95B Approved For Release 2004/0?(I' NA4IA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 55,100 sq. mi.; negligible amount of arable land, meadows and pastures, 76% forest, 8% unused but potentially productive, 16% built-on area, wasteland, and other (1964) Land boundaries: 970 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 240 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 425,000, average annual growth rate 3.6% (FY70); males 15-49, 101,000; 56,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: 35.5% Creole (Negro and mixed), 34.7% Hindustani (East Indian), 14.9% Javanese, 8.5% Bush Negro, 2.2% Amerindian, 1.6% Chinese, 1.3% Europeans, 1.3% other and unknown Reli ion: Muslim, Hindu, Moravian, Roman Catholic, other -- in order of size g(% figures unknown) Language: Dutch official; English widely spoken; Taki-Taki (Surinam Creole) is native language of Creoles and lingua franca; Hindi; Javanese Literacy: 70% to 75% Labor force: 80,190 (1964); 24.9% agriculture, 6.9% mining, 10% industry, 2.8% building trades, 13.5% trade and transport, 6.7% services, 22.2% government employees, 3.1% unclassified, 9.9% unemployed and seeking work Organized labor: approx. 10% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Surinam Type: territory within Kingdom of the Netherlands, enjoying complete domestic autonomy Capital: Paramaribo Political subdivisions: 9 districts, each headed by district commissioner responsible to Minister of Internal Affairs Legal system: Dutch civil law system; country statute of 1955 serves as constitution Branches: Council of Ministers headed by a Minister-President, which constitutes the Cabinet; 39-member legislative council (Staten) popularly elected for 4-year term; court system administered by Attorney-General under Minister of Justice and Police Government leader: Minister-President, Jules Sedney Suffrage: universal over age 23 Elections: every 4 years or earlier upon request of Minister-President Political parties and leaders: National Party of Surinam (NPS), (temporary leader M. Ch. Calor); Party of the People's Welfare (VHP), J. Lachmon; Action Group (AG), R. Janki; Progressive National Party (PNP), Frank E. Essed; Surinam Democratic Party (SDP), B. F. J. Oostburg; United Indonesian People's Party (SRI), F. Karsowidijojo; Javanese Farmers' Party (KTPI), H. I. Soemita; Nationalist Republic Party (PNR), Edward Bruma (principal leftist party) Voting strength (1969): 27.7% NPS, 35.1% VHP, .2% AG, 23.3% PNP, 1.1% SDP, 3.4% SRI, 8.8% other Communists: no overt Communist Party Member of: EC (associate), WHO 319 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GNP: $214 million (1969 est.); $550 per capita; real growth rate 1969, 0% Agriculture: main crops -- rice, sugarcane, bananas; self-sufficient in major staple (rice); caloric intake 2,500 calories per day per capita (1962) Major industries: bauxite mining, alumina and aluminum production, lumbering, food processing Electric power: 220,000 kw. capacity (1970); 1.2 billion kw.-hr. production (1970), 3,190 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $150 million (f.o.b., 1970); bauxite, alumina, wood and wood products, rice Imports: $123 million (c.i.f., 1970); capital equipment, petroleum, iron and steel, cotton, flour, meat, dairy products Major trade partners: exports -- U.S. 74%, Canada 9%, Netherlands 7%; imports -- U.S. 47%, Netherlands 20%, Europe 16% (1966) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY54-70), $5.0 million loans, $4.7 million grants; from international organizations (FY49-70), $33.2 million Monetary conversion rate: 1.75 Surinam guilders (S. fl.)=US$l (1 October 1971) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 104 mi.; 54 mi. 3'3 3/8" gage (government owned) and 50 mi. narrow gage (industrial line); all single track Highways: 1,550 mi.; 300 mi. paved, 130 mi. gravel, 370 mi. improved earth, 750 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 2,850 mi.; most important means of transport; oceangoing vessels with drafts ranging from 14 to 23 ft. can navigate many of the principal waterways while native canoes navigate upper reaches Ports: 1 major, 6 minor Civil air: 2 major transport aircraft Airfields: 31 total, 30 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 4 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: international facilities good and domestic network under improvement; 10,000 telephones; 60,000 radio and 25,000 TV receivers, 5 AM, 1 FM, and 3 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of the Netherlands; the Netherlands maintains an army force in Surinam; also available are naval, marine corps, and naval air personnel located in the Netherlands Antilles Ships: none 320 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 200 ~/R k1AN6;IA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 6,700 sq. mi.; most of area suitable for crops or pastureland (1970) Land boundaries: 270 mi. 55-60 Literacy: about 25% Labor force: 120,000; about 60,000 engaginlsub3i~tencecagriculture;g556,00000, wage earners, many only intermittently, ) 11% manufacturing, 12% mining and forestry, 35% other (1968 est.); 7,900 employed in South African mines (1969) Organized labor: about 15% of wage earners are unionized PEOPLE: Population: 427,000 (African population only), average annual growth rate 3.0% (FY70); males 15-49, 98,000; 50,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: 96% African, 3% European, 1% mulatto Religion: 43% animist, 57% Christian Language: English and siSwati are official languages; government business conducted in English GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Swaziland Type: constitutional monarchy, under King Sobhuza II; independent member of Commonwealth since September 1968 Capital: Mbabane (administrative), Lobamba (royal and legislative) Political subdivisions: 4 administrative districts Legal system: based on South African Roman-Dutch law in statutory courts, Swazi traditional law and custom in traditional courts; constitution adopted in 1968; legal education at University of Botswana, Lesotho, and Swaziland (located in Lesotho); has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive authority vested in King but exercised through Prime Min- ister and cabinet; cabinet appointed by King from legislative maaorittterney House of Assembly (24 elected, 6 appointed by King plus Speaker General) and Senate (6 elected by House of Assembly, 6 appointed by King, Speaker) -- 17 Swazi courts administer customary law for Africans, High Court and Subordinate Courts have criminal jurisdiction over all residents, Court of Appeal has appellate jurisdiction Government leader: Head of State King Sobhuza II; Prime Minister Makhosini Dalmini Suffrage: universal for adults Elections: first elections for Legislative Council held in June 1964; latest in April 1967 Political parties and leaders: Imbokodvo, the traditionalist party, controlled by King Sobhuza II; Ngwane National Liberatory Congress (NNLC), led by Dr. Ambrose Zwane, is only active opposition Voting strength: Imbokodvo won 80% of vote in 1967 elections and all seats in parliament; NNLC won 20% of vote but no seats Communists: no Swaziland Communist Party Member of: OAU, U.N. ECONOMY: GDP: approx. $75 million (1968), about $190 per capita; real growth rate about 8% (1967) Agriculture: main crops -- sugar, rice, and citrus fruits Major industry: mining Electric power: 63,300 kw. capacity (1970); 204 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 500 kw.-hr. per capita 321 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Exports: $68 million (f.o.b., 1970); iron ore, asbestos, sugar, wood and forest products, citrus, meat products, cotton Imports: $59 million (f.o.b.,'1970); food products, manufactured goods, machinery, fertilizer, fuel Major trade partners: Japan, U.K., South Africa Aid: economic aid -- U.K. $8.4 million (budgeted, 1971-72), others approximately $2.9 million; no military aid Monetary conversion rate: 1 South African Rand=US$1.40 (Swaziland uses the South African Rand) (official); 0.714 SA Rand=US$l Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 139 mi., 3'6" gage, single track Highways: 1,660 mi.; 135 mi. paved; 840 mi. crushed stone, gravel, or stabilized soil; 685 mi. improved or unimproved earth Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft Airfields: 29 total, 26 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway; 2 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: the system consists of a few open-wire lines and low-powered radiocommunication stations; Mbabane is the center; 4,800 telephones; 30,000 radio receivers; 1 AM, no FM or TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: None, police only 322 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/0>3SI 1 FlA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 173,000 sq. mi.; 8% arable, 1% meadows and pastures, 55% forested, 36% other (1968) Land boundaries: 1,365 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 4 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi..) Coastline: 2,000 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 8,159,000, average annual growth rate 1.0% (January 70-71); males 15-49, 1,905,000; 1,637,000 fit for military service; 59,000'reach military age (19) annuall y Ethnic divisions: homogeneous white population; small Lappish minority Religion: 92% Evangelical Lutheran, 7% other Protestant, Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, 1% other Language: Swedish, small Lapp- and Finnish-speaking minorities Literacy: 99% Labor force: 3.5 million; 11.8% agriculture, forestry, fishing; 33.5% mining and manufacturing; 9.6% construction; 15.5% commerce; 7.2% transportation and communications; 20.9% services; 4.0% unemployed Organized labor: 70% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Sweden Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: Stockholm Political subdivisions: 24 provinces, 624 communes, 224 towns Legal system: civil law system influenced by customary law; Acts of 1809, 1886, 1910, and 1949 serve as constitution; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court; legal education at Universities of Lund, Stockholm, and Uppsala; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: legislative authority rests jointly with Crown and parliament (Riksdag); executive power vested in Crown but exercised by cabinet responsible to parliament; Supreme Court, 6 superior courts, 152 lower courts Government leaders: King Gustav VI Adolf; Prime Minister Olof Palme Suffrage: universal, but not compulsory, over age 20 Elections: every 3 years.(next in 1973) Political parties and leaders: Conservative, Gosta Bohman; Center, Gunnar Hedlund; Liberal, Gunnar Helen; Social Democratic, Olof Palme; Communist, Carl-Henrik Hermansson; Communist League of Marxists-Leninists (KFML), Gunnar Bylin Voting strength (1970 election): 11.5% Conservative, 19.9% Center, 16.2% Liberal, 45.3% Social Democratic, 4.8% Communist, 0.4% KFML, 1.8% other Communists: 17,000; a number of sympathizers as indicated by the 236,700 Communist votes cast in 1970 elections; an additional 21,200 votes cast for Maoist KFML Member of: Council of Europe, EFTA, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, Nordic Council, OECD, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $31.2 billion, $3,850 per capita (1970); 52.3% consumption, 23.9% investment, 23.1% government; -0.7% net exports of goods and services (1970); 1970 growth rate 9.4% in current prices Approved For Release 2004/08/313231A-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Agriculture: animal husbandry predominates with milk and dairy products accounting for 40% of farm income; main crops -- grains, sugar beets, potatoes; 90% self-sufficient; food shortages -- oils and fats, tropical products; caloric intake, 2,880 calories per day per capita (1967-68) Major industries: iron and steel, precision equipment (bearings, radio and telephone parts, armaments), shipbuilding, wood pulp and paper products, processed foods, textiles, chemicals Shortages: coal, petroleum, textile fibers, potash, salt Crude steel: 5.5 million metric tons produced (1970), 680 kilograms per capita Electric power: 15 million kw. capacity (1970); 60,612 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 7,000 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $6,743 million (f.o.b., 1970); machinery, motor vehicles and ships, wood pulp, paper products, iron and steel products, metal ores and scrap, chemicals Imports: $6,937 million (c.i.f., 1970); machinery, motor vehicles, petroleum and petroleum products, textile yarn and fabrics, iron and steel, chemicals, food, and live animals Major trade partners: (1970) West Germany 15.4%, U.K. 13.4%, U.S. 7.4%, Norway 7.9%, Denmark 8.8%; EFTA 40%; EC 31.0%; Communist countries 5.4% Aid: economic -- U.S., $188.1 million authorized (FY46-70); none since 1968; net official aid to less developed countries and multilateral agencies, $662.4 million (1960-70), $71.4 million in 1968, $120.8 million in 1969, $154.6 million in 1970 Monetary conversion rate: 5.173 kronor=US$l (official) Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 7,767 mi.; Swedish State Railways (SJ) 7,096 mi. standard gage (4'8 1/2"), 4,324 mi. electrified; 48 mi. narrow gage (3'6"), 241 mi. narrow gage (211"), 29 mi. of narrow gage (2'11"), 2 mi. narrow gage (2'), and 351 mi. standard gage (4' 8 1/2") are privately owned and operated Highways: 60,925 mi.; 44,530 mi. are crushed stone, gravel, or improved earth; and 16,395 mi. are bitumen, stone block, or cobblestone Inland waterways: 1,268 mi. navigable for small steamers and barges Ports: 17 major, and 23 minor Merchant marine: 373 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,576,100 GRT, 7,073,500 DWT; includes 10 passenger, 178 cargo, 49 tanker, 53 bulk, 83 specialized carrier Civil air: 68 major transports registered Airfields: 187 total, 159 usable; 85 with permanent-surface runways; 5 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 58 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 9 seaplane stations Telecommunications: telephone the primary service, but extensive telegraph and broadcast services are available; excellent domestic and international facilities; 4,307,000 telephones; 42 AM, 70 FM, and 168 TV stations available to over 90% of population; 4.8 million radio and 2.8 million TV receivers; 12 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June 1972, $1.2 billion; about 11% of proposed central government budget Approved For Release 2'd64/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 15 Approved For Release 2004/0 / .zER'- DP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 16,000 sq. mi.; 10% arable, 42% meadows and pastures, 21% waste or urban, 24% forested, 3% inland water (1970) Land boundaries: 1,171 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 6,386,000, average annual growth rate 1.0% (January 67-71); males 15-49, 1,524,000; 1,320,000 fit for military service; 45,000 reach military age (20) annually Ethnic divisions: total population -- 69% German, 19% French, 10% Italian, 1% Romansch, 1% other; Swiss nationals -- 74% German, 20% French, 4% Italian, 1% Romansch, 1% other Religion: 53% Protestant, 46% Roman Catholic Language: Swiss nationals --.74% German, 20% French, 4% Italian, 1% Romansch, 1% other; total population -- 69% German, 19% French, 10% Italian, 1% Romansch, 1% other Literacy: 98% Labor force: 2.5 million; 16% agriculture and forestry, 47% industry and crafts, 20% trade and transportation, 5% professions, 2% in public service, 10% domestic and other; no significant unemployment shortage of both skilled and unskilled labor -- 4,400 unfilled vacancies in January 1971 Organized labor: 20% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Swiss Confederation Type: federal republic Capital: Bern Political subdivisions: 22 cantons (3 divided into half cantons) Legal system: civil law system influenced by customary law; constitution adopted 1874, amended since; judicial review of legislative acts, except with respect to Federal decrees of general obligatory character; legal education at Universities of Bern, Geneva and Lausanne, and four other university schools of law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Branches: bicameral parliament has legislative authority; federal council (Bundesrat) has executive authority; justice left chiefly to cantons Government leader: Rudolf Gnaegi, President Suffrage: universal over age 20 Elections: held every 4 years; next elections 1975 Political parties and leaders: Social Democratic Party (SPS), Fritz Gruetter, president; Radical Democratic Party (FDP), Henri Schmitt, president; Christian Conservative People's Party (CVP), Franz Josef Kurmann, president; Farmer, Artisan, and Middle Class Party (BGB), Hans Conzett, president; Communist Party (PdA), Jacob Lechleiter, Jean Vincent, Andre Muret, all Secretariat members; Republican Movement (REP)-National Action (N.A.), James Schwarzenbach Voting strength (1971 election): 49 seats FDP, 44 seats &VP, 46 seats SPS, 23 seats BGB, 5 seats pdA, 4 seats N.A., 7 seats REP, 22 seats others Communists: 3,500; 50,831 votes in 1971 election Member of: Council of Europe, EFTA, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, OECD, U.N. (permanent observer), WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GNP: $20.1 billion (1970), $3,190 per capita; 57% consumption, 29% investment, 12% government, net foreign balance 2% (1970); 1970 growth rate 4.4%, 1958 constant prices Approved For Release 2004/08/31 :325A-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont' d) : Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 Agriculture: dairy farming predominates; less than 50% self-sufficient; food shortages -- fish, refined sugar, fats and oils (other than butter), grains, eggs, fruits, vegetables, meat; caloric intake, 2,990 calories per day per capita (1967-68 est.) Major industries: machinery, chemicals, watches, textiles, precision instruments Shortages: practically all important raw materials except hydroelectric energy Crude steel: 453,000 metric tons produced (1969), 70 kg. per capita Electric power: 10.3 million kw. capacity (1971); 35,245 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 4,220 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $5.1 billion (f.o.b., 1970); principal items -- machinery and equip- ment, chemicals, precision instruments, textiles, foodstuffs Imports: $6.5 billion (c.i.f., 1970); principal items -- machinery and trans- portation equipment, metals and metal products, foodstuffs, chemicals, textile fibers and yarns Major trade partners: West Germany 23%, France 10%, U.S. 9%, Austria 5%, Italy 9%, U.K. 8%; EC 49%; EFTA 20%; Communist countries 3% (1970) Aid: some disbursed; none received Monetary conversion rate: 4.0841 Swiss francs=US$l Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 3,040 mi.; 2,195 mi. 4'8 1/2" gage, 780 mi. double track; 845 mi. narrow gage (810 mi. at 3'3 3/8", 35 mi. at 2'7 1/2"); 3,040 mi. electrified Highways: 31,300 mi.; 12,300 mi. paved, 19,000 mi. otherwise improved Pipelines: crude oil, 195 mi. Inland waterways: 41 mi.; Rhine River-Basel to Rheinfelden, Schaffhausen to Constanz; in addition, there are 12 navigable lakes ranging in size from Lake Geneva to Hallwilersee Freight carried: rail -- 34.8 million metric tons (1963); 4.59 billion ton/km. (1963) Ports: 1 major, 2 minor Merchant marine: 27 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 204,300 GRT, 294,500 DWT; includes 24 cargo, 3 bulk; fleet is registered in Basel, operates mainly out of Genoa, Hamburg, and Rotterdam Civil air: 59 major transport aircraft Airfields: 89 total, 73 usable; 34 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways over 12,000 ft., 5 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 12 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: excellent services; 2.8 million telephones; 1.8 million radio and 1.3 million TV receivers; 8 AM, 70 FM, and 205 TV stations including repeaters DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: produces moderate amounts of all types of materiel; some medium and heavy equipment is imported from U.S. and Western Europe; formerly produced jet aircraft (under license); produces surface-to-air missiles in limited quantities Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1970, $457,907,010; 26% of central government budget 326 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 NIS 28A Approved For Release 2004/0' 14IACIA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 72,000 sq. mi.; (including about 500 sq. mi. occupied by Israel); mainly semiarid and desert plains; 38% arable, 41% grazi,ng, 3% forest, 18% other Land boundaries: 1,365 (1967) (excluding occupied area 1,340 mi.) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: Coastline: 120 mi. PEOPLE: rowth rate 3.3% nnual g Population: 6,557,000, average a (September 60-70); males 15-49, 1,490,000; 810,000 fit for military service; about 73,000 reach military age (19) annually Ethnic divisions: 90.3% Arab; 9.7% Kurds, Armenians, and other Religion: 70.5% Sunni Muslim, 16.3% other Muslim sects, 13.2% Christians of various sects Language: Arabic, Kurdish, Armenian; French and English widely understood Literacy: about 40% Labor force: 1.2 million; 53% agriculture, 17% industry, 30% miscellaneous services; majority unskilled; shortage of skilled labor Organized labor: 5% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Syrian Arab Republic Type: republic; under left-wing military regime since March 1963 Capital: Damascus Political subdivisions: 13 provinces and city of Damascus administered as separate unit Legal system: based on Islamic law and civil law system; special religious courts; provisional constitution promulgated in 1964; legal education at Damascus University and University of Aleppo; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: legislative and executive powers vested in President and Council of Ministers; seat of power is the Ba'th Party Regional (Syrian) Command Government leaders: President Hafiz Al-Asad Suffrage: universal over age 18 Elections: no electoral laws in force; last elections in December 1961; presidential referendum in 1971 Political parties and leaders: Arab Socialist Resurrection (Ba'th) Party only recognized party Other political or pressure groups: all officially banned; conservative Populist and Nationalist Parties have lost all effective political influence; Communist Party ineffective; small pro-Nasir organizations (United Socialist Movement, Arab National Front, Arab Nationalist Movement) constitute greatest threat to Ba'thist regime aside from factionalism in Ba'th Party itself Member of: Arab League, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, ILO, IMF, ITU, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: Agriculture: main crops -- cotton, wheat, sugar beets and barley; sheep and goat raising; self-sufficient in food in years of average weather Major industries: textiles, cement, glass, petroleum (83,000 bpd. production, refining capacity 59,000 bbls. per day, 1970) food processing, soap Electric power: 350,000 kw. capacity (1970); 900 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 210 kw.-hr. per capita 327 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Exports: $203 million (1970); 40% cotton, grain and wool in good years, livestock (Eastern Europe and U.S.S.R. received 19%) Imports: $359.8 million (c.i.f., 1970); metal products, textiles, machinery, sugar Monetary conversion rate: 3.82 Syrian pounds=US$l (controlled rate); 4.20 Syrian pounds=US$l (free rate) (1970, October) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 649 mi.; 459 mi. standard gage, 190 mi. narrow gage (3'5 3/8") Highways: 7,150 mi.; 4,300 mi. paved, 810 mi. gravel or crushed stone, 1,540 mi. improved earth, 497 mi. unimproved earth Inland waterways: 420 mi.; of little importance Pipelines: crude oil, 1,577 mi.; refined products, 320 mi. Ports: 3 major, 4 minor Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft Airfields: 86 total, 26 usable; 20 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway over 12,000 ft., 15 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 5 with runways 4,000- 7,999 ft. Telecommunications: fair international radiocommunication service; poor domestic telecommunication service; 104,000 telephones; 300,000 radio and 111,000 TV receivers; 5 TV and 5 AM stations 328 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 56E Approved For Release 2004/OWfRZ1ANpA-RDP79-01051AO00400010002-1 LAND: 362,800 sq. mi. (including islands of Zanzibar and Pemba, 1,020 sq. mi.); 6% inland water, 8% cultivated, 9% used for grazing, 77% forest, woodland, or grassland on mainland; 50% arable, of which 40% cultivated on islands of Zanzibar and Pemba (1965) Land boundaries: 2,413 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 575 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 13,812,000, average annual growth rate 2.7% (FY70); males 15-49, 3,203,000; 1,775,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: 99% native Africans consisting of well over 100 tribes; 1% Asian, European, and Arab Religion: Tanganyika -- 45% animist, 29% Christian, 25% Muslim; Zanzibar -- almost all Muslim Language: Swahili official; English often used as administrative language; primary language of about 89% of the population is one of the many Bantu, Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, and Hamitic languages; 10% Swahili; 1% English Literacy: 5% to- 10% Labor force: under 400,000 in paid employment, over 90% in agriculture Organized labor: 15% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: United Republic of Tanzania Type: republic; single parties dominate both on the mainland and on Zanzibar Capital: Dar es Salaam Political subdivisions: 22 regions -- 18 on mainland, 4 on Zanzibar islands Legal system: based on English common law, Islamic law, customary law, and German civil law system; interim constitution adopted 1965; judicial review of legislative acts limited to matters of interpretation; legal education at University College, Dar es Salaam; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: President Julius Nyerere has full executive authority; National Assembly dominated by Nyerere and the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU), consists of 120 elected members, 17 ex officio members, and up to 25 appointed members from mainland, and 3 ex officio members and up to 52 appointed members from Zanzibar; First Vice President Abeid Karume and the Revolutionary Council still run Zanzibar despite the efforts of Nyerere to integrate the islands into the political system of the mainland Government leader: President Julius Nyerere Suffrage: universal adult Political party and leaders: Tanganyika African National Union (TANU), only main- land political party, dominated by Nyerere with Second Vice President Rashidi Kawawa as his top lieutenant; Karume's Afro-Shirazi Party in Zanzibar is supposed to merge with TANU eventually Voting strength (October 1970 national elections): 5 million registered voters; Nyerere received 95% of 3.6 million votes cast Communists: a few Communists and sympathizers Member of: Commonwealth, EAC, FAO, GATT, IBRD, ICAO, IFC, ILO, IMF, ITU, OAU, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: Mainland: GDP: $1,058 million at 1966 prices (1969), about $80 per capita; growth rate in constant 1966 prices for 1969 3.1% Approved For Release 2004/08/31 32 1A-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Agriculture: main crops -- cotton, coffee, sisal on mainland; largely self- sufficient in food Fishing: catch 140,200 tons, $1,329,200; exports $734,000, imports $655,000 Major industries: primarily agricultural processing (sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal twine), diamond mine, oil refinery, shoes, cement Electric power: 93,500 kw. capacity (1970); 360 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 24 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $256 million (f.o.b., 1969); coffee,-cotton, sisal, cashew nuts, meat, diamonds, cloves, coconut products Imports: $244 million (c.i.f., 1969); manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, cotton piece goods, crude oil, foodstuffs (mainly for Zanzibar); Zanzibar accounted for $6.8 million of total imports (1968) Major trade partners: exports -- Communist countries $11.7 million, Zanzibar $14 million (cloves and coconut products); imports -- Communist countries $25.3 million (1968) Monetary conversion rate: 1 Tanzanian shilling=US$0.14; 7.143 Tanzanian shillings=US$l Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June Zanzibar: GNP: $35 million (1967) Agriculture: main crops -- cloves, coconuts Industries: agricultural processing Electric power: see Tanganyika (above) Exports: $12.6 million (1968); cloves and clove products, coconut products Imports: $5.6 million (1968); mainly foodstuffs and consumer goods Major trade partners: imports -- China, Japan, and mainland Tanzania; exports -- Singapore, China, Hong Kong, U.K. Aid: U.K. principal source of aid until 1964; China and East Germany extended through June 1968 -- $25 million Exchange rate: 1 Tanzanian shilling=US$0.14; 7.143 Tanzanian shillings=US$l Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 1,638 mi., meter gage, 4 mi. double track Highways: total 21,200 mi., including 390 mi. on Zanzibar Island and 277 mi. on Pemba and Mafia Islands; about 1,400 mi. bituminous treated, (370 mi. on Zanzibar and Pemba); 19,800 mi. gravel, crushed stone, or unimproved earth Pipelines: refined products 610 mi. Inland waterways: 730 mi. of navigable streams; several thousand mi. navigable on Lakes Tanganyika, Victoria, and Nyasa Ports: 4 major, 8 minor Merchant marine: 4 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 21,500 GRT, 31,200 DWT Civil air: 9 major transport aircraft Airfields: 101 total, 89 usable; 7 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000 to 11,999 ft., 37 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 4 seaplane stations Telecommunications: telephone and telegraph good in main centers, only fair outside main towns; 31,600 telephones; 150,000 radio receivers; 4 AM, no FM or TV stations; 4 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June 1972, $41.4 million; 11% of total budget Approved For Release 2384/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 42 Approved For Release 2004/%AJ1 GIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 198,000. sq. mi.; 24% in farms, 56% forested, 20% other (1969) Land boundaries: 3,025 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 2,200 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 35,774,000, average annual growth rate 2.7% (April 60-70); males 15-49, 8,562,000; 5,220,000 fit for military service; about 385,000 reach military age (18) annually Ethnic divisions: 75% Thai, 14% Chinese, 11% minorities Religion: 95.5% Buddhist, 4% Muslim, 0.5% Christian Language: Thai; English secondary language of elite Literacy: 70% Labor force: 88% agriculture, 9% commerce, 3% industry GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Thailand Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: Bangkok Political subdivisions: 71 centrally controlled provinces Legal system: based on civil law system, with influences of common law; new constitution promulgated in 1968, suspended 17 November 1971; legal education at Thammasat University; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: King is head of state with nominal powers; Chairman heads a 16-man national executive council, a caretaker body, pending an appointment of a new cabinet under a provisional constitution; judiciary relatively independent except in important political subversive cases Government leaders: King Phumiphon Adundet; Field Marshal Thanom Kittikachorn, Chairman; General Praphat Charusathien, Deputy Chairman Suffrage: universal Elections: suspended Political parties and leaders: dissolved under the revolutionary order 17 November 1971 Member of: ADB, ASA, ASEAN, ASPAC, Colombo Plan, ECAFE, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHB, ILO, ITU, Seabeds Committee, SEAMES, SEATO, U.N., UNESCO, UNICEF, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $6.5 billion (1970 est. in current prices), $175 per capita; estimated 6% real growth in 1970 Agriculture: world's second largest rice exporter; main crops -- rice, rubber, corn; almost 100% self-sufficient in food Fishing: catch 1.27 million tons, $220 million (1969); exports -- none, imports-- none (1969) Major industries: agricultural processing, textiles, wood and wood products, cement, tin mining; non-Communist world's third largest tin producer Shortages: fuel sources, including coal and petroleum Electric power: 1,287,000 kw. capacity (1970); 5 billion kw.-hr. produced (1970), 140 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $711 million (f.o.b., 1970); rice, rubber, corn, tin, cassava, kenaf Imports: $1,262 million (c.i.f., 1970); excluding U.S. military imports; machinery and transport equipment, textiles, fuels and lubricants, base metals, chemicals Approved For Release 2004/08/3 i CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Major trade partners: exports -- Japan, U.S., Singapore, Hong Kong, Netherlands, Malaysia; imports -- Japan, U.S., West Germany, U.K.; about 1% or less trade with Communist countries Monetary conversion rate: 20.8 baht=US$1 Fiscal year: 1 October - 30 September COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 2,382 mi. meter gage; 60 mi. double track Highways: 12,590 mi.; 5,440 mi. paved, 4,820 mi. crushed stone or gravel, 2,330 earth and laterite Inland waterways: 2,485 mi. principal waterways; 2,300 mi. with navigable depths of 3 ft. or more throughout the year; numerous minor waterways navigable by shallow-draft native craft Ports: 2 major, 16 minor Merchant marine: 22 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 68,600 GRT, 101,600 DWT; includes 15 cargo, 6 tanker, 1 specialized carrier Airfields: 219 total, 187 usable; 40 with permanent-surface runways; 10 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 21 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 3 seaplane stations Telecommunications: service to general public being improved, but still inadequate; bulk of service to government activities provided by numerous radiocommunica- tion stations and radio-relay network; satellite ground station connects to Intelsat II and will connect to Indian Ocean satellite; 134,663 telephones; 2,775,000 radios; 222,000 televisions; estimated 50 AM, 5 FM, and 6 TV stations in two government-controlled networks; U.S. military submarine cable to South Vietnam DEFENSE FORCES: Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 September 1972, $256,000,000; 18.2% of total budget 332 Approved For Release 0 04/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 50N Approved For Release 2004/08131 - CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 TOGO LAND: 22,000 sq. mi.; nearly half total is arable, under 15% cultivated (1970) Land boundaries: 940 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 35 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 2,095,000, average annual growth rate 2.5% (FY67-70); males 15-49, 494,000;.246,000 fit for military service; no conscription Ethnic divisions: some 40 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe in south and Cabrais in north; under 1% European and Syrian-Lebanese Religion: about 20% Christian, 5% Muslim, 75% animist Language: French, both official and language of commerce; major African languages are Ewe and Mina in south and Dagoma, Tim, and Cabrais in north Literacy: 5% to 10% Labor force: bulk of population engaged in subsistence agriculture; about 30,000 wage earners, evenly divided between public and private sectors GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Togo Type: republic; under military rule since January 1967 Capital: Lome Political subdivisions: 18 circumscriptions Legal system: based on French civil law and customary practice; draft constitution presented to President in 1968, no indication of when it will be submitted to referendum; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: military government, with civilian participation in the cabinet, took over on 14 April 1967, replacing provisional government created after January coup; no legislature; separate judiciary including State Security Court established 1970 Government leader: Brig. Gen. Etienne Eyadema, President Suffrage: universal adult Elections: no elections since 1963 and none scheduled Political parties: single party formed by President Eyadema in September 1969; Rassemblement de Peuple Togolais, structure and staffing of party closely controlled by government Communists: no Communist Party; there may be a few Communists and-sympathizers Member of: EAMA, ENTENTE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMF, ITU, OAU, OCAM, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: GDP: $267 million, about $140 per capita; estimated real growth 1966-70, 5.3% average annual rate Agriculture: main cash crops -- coffee, cocoa; major food crops -- yams, cassava, corn, beans, rice, fish;,must import some foodstuffs Major industries: phosphate mining, agricultural processing, handicrafts, textiles, beverages Electric power: 11,900 kw. capacity (1970); 38 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 20 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $54.8 million (f.o.b., 1970); phosphates, cocoa, coffee, palm kernels, and cassava Imports: $64.7 million (c.i.f., 1970); consumer goods, fuels, machinery, tobacco, foodstuffs Approved For Release 2004/08/33 CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY (cont'd): Major trade partners: mostly with France and other EC countries Aid: (1970 disbursements) France $2.3 million, West Germany $2.0 million, U.S. $0.7 million (FY60-70 total commitments $1.6 million), EC $5.5 million, U.N. $1.8 million, others $1.1 million Monetary conversion rate: 1 Communaute Financiere Africaine franc=0.02 French francs (prior to 13 August 1971, 277 CFA francs=US$1) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: 310 mi. meter gage, single track Highways: approx. 4,475 mi.; 235 mi. paved, 120 mi. gravel, 910 mi. improved earth, 3,210 mi. unimproved Inland waterways: section of Mono River and about 30 mi. of coastal lagoons and tidal creeks Ports: 1 major, 1 minor Civil air: 1 major transport aircraft Airfields: 10 total, 10 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runway 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: Togo has poor system based on skeletal network of open-wire lines, supplemented by a few radiocommunication stations; only center is Lome; 4,600 telephones; 45,000 radio receivers; 1 AM, no FM or TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: most military materiel obtained from France Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1971, $3,262,000; 9.0% of total budget Approved For Release 20N/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 MIS 102 Approved For Release 2004/08/3i1ON&IA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 385 sq. mi. (150 islands); 77% arable, 3% pasture, 13% forest, 3% inland water, 4% other WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi. Coastline: 350 mi. (est.) PEOPLE: Population: 88,000, average annual growth rate 2.5% (FY69)rv Ethnic divisions: Polynesian, about 300 Europeans Religion: Christian; Free Wesleyan Church claims over 30,000 adherents Language: Tongan, English Literacy: 90%-95%; compulsory education for children between ages of 6-14 Labor force: agriculture 10,303; mining 599 Organized labor: unorganized GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Kingdom of Tonga Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: Nukualofa Political subdivisions: 3 main island groups (Tongatapu, Haapi, Vavau) Legal system: based on English law Branches: Executive (King and Privy Council); Legislative (Legislative Assembly composed of 7 nobles elected by their peers, 7 elected representatives of the people, 7 Ministers of the Crown; the King appoints one of the 7 nobles to be the speaker); Judiciary (Supreme Court, magistrate courts, Land Court) Government leaders: King Taufa'ahau Tupou IV; Premier, Prince Tu'ipelehake (younger brother of the King) Suffrage: granted to all literate adults over 21 years of age who pay taxes Elections: held triennially Communists: none known Member of: Commonwealth ECONOMY: Agriculture: largely dominated by coconut production with subsistence crops of taro, yams, sweet potatoes, manioc, and bread fruit Electric power: 900 kw. capacity (1970); 2.6 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 30 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $3.8 million (f.o.b., 1969); copra and bananas Imports: $5.7 million (c.i.f., 1969) Major trade partners: Australia, New Zealand, Netherlands, Norway Monetary conversion rate: 0.893 Tonga dollar=US$l COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 365 mi.; 132 mi. metalled all-weather, 233 mi. earth Ports: 5 minor Merchant marine: 1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,820 GRT, 2,700 DWT Civil air: (see Western Samoa) Airfields: 3 total; 1 usable, with grass runway 7,000 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: 936 telephones; 7,600 radio sets; no TV sets; 1 AM station Approved For Release 2004/08/31 :38A-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 NiTC Q, n Approved For Release- 9JtRW J0 q P79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 1,980 sq. mi.; 41.9% in farms (of which 25.7% cropped or fallow, 1.5% pasture, 10.6% forests, 4.1% unused or built-on), 58.1% outside of farms, including grassland, forest, built-up area, and wasteland WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 12 n. mi. Coastline: 225 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 967,000, average annual growth rate 1.3% (April 60-70); males 15-49, 213,000; 150,000 fit for vice lit ary ser mi Ethnic divisions: 43% Negro, 36% East Indian, 16% mixed, 2% white, 3% other Religion: 26.8% Protestant, 31.2% Roman Catholic, 23% Hindu, 6% Muslim, 13% unknown Language: English Literacy: 80% Labor force: about 368,400 (June 1969), at least 15% unemployed; about 20.4% agriculture, 18.3% mining, quarrying, and manufacturing, 15.8% commerce; 14.6% construction and utilities; 6.9% transportation and communications; 20.8% services (1965); shortage of technical and managerial personnel Organized labor: 24% of labor force GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Trinidad and Tobago Type: independent state since August 1962; recognizes Elizabeth II as chief of state Capital: Port-of-Spain Political subdivisions: 8 counties (29 wards, Tobago is 30th) Legal system: based on English common law; constitution came into effect 1962; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: legislative branch consists of 36-member elected House of Representatives and 24-member Senate (13 nominated by Prime Minister, 4 by opposition leader, 7 at discretion of Governor General); executive is cabinet led by the Prime Minister; judiciary is Supreme Court Government leader: Prime Minister, Dr. Eric Williams Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: last election 24 May 1971, PNIM won all seats (constitutionality of situation is under review) Political parties and leaders: People's National Movement (PNM), Dr. Eric Williams; Democratic Labor Party (DLP), Vernon Jamadar; Democratic Liberation Party (DLIBP), Bhadase Sagan Maraj; United National Independence Party, James Millette; Democratic Action Congress (DAG), Arthur Napoleon Raymond Robinson Voting strength (1971 election): 32.9% of registered voters cast ballots, 83.7% PNM, 16.3% other Communists: not significant Other political pressure groups: Tapia House Group (headed by Lloyd Best); National Youth Congress (NYC); Oilfield Workers Trade Union (OWTU), pro- Marxist leadership; National Joint Action Committee (NJAC), antigovernment, extremist organization; United Revolutionary Organization (URO), Marxist-led amalgam Member of: CARIFTA, Commonwealth, GATT, IBRD, ICAO, IDB, IMF, OAS, Seabeds Committee, U.N. 337 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ECONOMY: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 GDP: $858.5 million (1970 est.), $820 per capita; real growth rate 1970, 1.9% est. Agriculture: main crops -- sugarcane, cocoa, coffee, rice, citrus, bananas; largely dependent upon imports of food Fishing: catch 4,000 metric tons (1969); exports $1.5 million (1969), imports $2.3 million (1969) Major industries: petroleum, tourism, food processing, cement Electric power: 285,000 kw. capacity (1969); 1.21 billion kw.-hr. produced (1969), 1,170 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: $482 million (f.o.b., 1970 est.); petroleum and petroleum products, sugar, cocoa Imports: $544 million (c.i.f., 1970 est.); crude petroleum, machinery, transportation equipment, manufactured goods, food Major trade partners: exports -- U.S. 46%, U.K. 10%, CARIFTA 10%; imports -- Venezuela and Colombia 25%, U.S. 16%, U.K. 13%, CARIFTA 2% (1970) Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S. (FY56-70) $22.7 million loans, $40.1 million grants; from international organizations (FY53-70), $60.2 million Monetary conversion rate: TT$1.93=US$l (6 October 1971) Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 4,200 mi.; 2,500 mi. paved, 1,700 mi. gravel or otherwise improved Pipelines: crude oil, 243 mi.; refined products, 12 mi.; natural gas, 130 mi. Ports: 3 major, 6 minor Civil air: 8 major transport aircraft Airfields: 12 total, 9 usable; 3 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 3 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations Telecommunications: excellent international service via tropospheric scatter link to Barbados and Guyana; good local service; satellite ground station to be operational in 1971; 51,700 telephones; est. 250,000 radio and 54,000 TV receivers; 2 AM, 2 FM, and 2 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: mostly from U.K. Military budget: proposed for fiscal year ending 31 December 1969, $2,500,000; about 1.5% of central government budget Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 ^^^ Approved For Release 2O9 (p 1 g-jISRDP79-01051A000400010002-1 LAND: 32,000 sq. mi. (1965); almost all desert, waste or urban (1963) Land boundaries: 680 mi. (does not include boundaries between adjacent Trucial Sheikhdoms) WATER: Limits of territorial waters: Abu Dhabi 3 n. mi., Sharjah. 12 n. mi., others not available Coastline: 900 mi. PEOPLE: Population: 179,000 (census of 15 March - 16 April 1968); males 15-49, about 43,000; about 22,000 fit for military service Ethnic divisions: Arabs 72%; others include Iranians, Pakistanis, and Indians Religion: Muslim 96%, Christian, Hindu and other 4% Language: Arabic Literacy: 20% est. (1968) Labor force: 77,000 (1.968) GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Trucial States (7 amirates) Type: ruled by traditional leading families, each headed by a sheikh Legal system: based on Islamic law with ultimate appeal to the Sheikh; some secular and civil codes being introduced States and rulers: Abu Dhabi, Zayid ibn Sultan; Ajman, Rashid ibn Humayd; Dubai, Rashid ibn Sa'id; Fujairah, Muhammad ibn Hamad; Ras al Khaimah, Saqr ibn Muhammad; Sharjah, Khalid ibn Muhammad; Umm al Qaiwain, Ahmad ibn Rashid ECONOMY: Agriculture: food imported, but some dates, alfalfa, vegetables, fruit, tobacco raised Major industries: fishing, trading, oil production; oil production began in Abu Dhabi in 1962, and in 1970 reached 694,000 bbls. per day; oil revenues accruing to Abu Dhabi estimated $200 million in 1970; Dubai has best port and is commercial center -- oil was discovered in commercial quantities in 1966; production began in 1969, 1970 production 86,000 b.p.d.; oil revenues for 1970 estimated at $33 million; small fishing, some boat building, handicrafts, animal husbandry, pearling throughout area Electric power: 36,000 kw. capacity (1970); 90 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 676 kw.-hr. per capita Exports: crude petroleum, pearls, fish; Abu Dhabi crude exports $244 million (est. 1968) and Dubai $20 million total, of which $18.8 million reexports (1968) Imports: food, consumer and capital goods; Abu Dhabi $120 million estimated (1969) and Dubai $197 million total (1970) Major trade partners: Japan, U.K., India Aid: multilateral annual average (1967-69) $1.17 million Monetary conversion rate: 1 Qatar-Dubai riyal=US$0.21; Abu Dhabi, 1 Bahrain dinar=US$2.10 COMMUNICATIONS: Railroads: none Highways: 175 mi. bituminous, Pipelines: crude oil, 170 mi. Ports: 2 major, 4 minor Merchant marine: 2 cargo ships undetermined mileage of earth tracks (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 6,500 GRT, 11,500 DWT 339 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS (conigegroved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airfields: 86 total, 37 usable; 3 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 15 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft. Telecommunications: telephone system in Dabai and Al Sharjah, also links these towns; Abu Dhabi Petroleum operates a telecom system throughout t0 the sheikhdom; key centers are Tarif, Habshaan, and Jebel Dhana; telephones; 250,000 radio and 10,000 TV receivers; 3 AM, 1 FM, and 1 TV stations DEFENSE FORCES: Defense is responsibility of U.K. 340 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 46 Approved For Release 2004/08t3li5CAA-RDP79-01051 A000400010002-1 LAND: 63,400 sq. mi.; 28% arable land and tree crops, 23% range and esparto grass, 6% forest, 43% desert, waste or urban Land boundaries: 875 mi. WATER: Limits of territorial waters: 6 n. mi. (fishing, 12 n. mi follows meter isobath in south; maximum extent 80 n. mi.) Coastline: 710 mi. (includes offshore islands) PEOPLE: Population: 5,325,000, average annual growth rate 2.9% (current); males 15-49, 1,274,000; 680,000 fit for military service; about 49,000 reach military age (20) annually Ethnic divisions: 98% Arab, 1% European, less than 1% Jewish Religion: 98% Muslim, 1% Christian, less than 1% Hebrew Language: Arabic (official), Arabic and French (commerce) Literacy: about 30% Labor force: 1.5 million; 70% agriculture, 10% manufacturing and construction, 20% other; 25% underemployed; shortage of skilled labor Organized labor: 10% of labor force; General Union of Tunisian Workers (UGTT), subordinate to Destourian Socialist Party GOVERNMENT: Legal name: Republic of Tunisia Type: republic Capital: Tunis Political subdivisions: 13 governorates (provinces) Legal system: based on French civil law system and Islamic law; constitution patterned on Turkish and U.S. constitutions adopted 1959; some judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court in joint session; legal education at Institute of Higher Studies and Ecole Superieure de Droit in Tunis; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Branches: executive dominant; unicameral legislative largely advisory; judicial, patterned on French system and Koranic law Government leader: President Habib Bourguiba; Prime Minister Hedi Nouira Suffrage: universal over age 21 Elections: national elections held every 5 years; last elections 2 November 1969 Political party and leader: Destourian Socialist Party, Habib Bourguiba Voting strength (1969 election): 100% Destourian Socialist Party Communists: 100 est.; a few sympathizers; Tunisian Communist Party proscribed in 1962 Member of: Arab League, EC (association until 1974), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ITU, OAU, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO ECONOMY: Agriculture: cereal farming and livestock herding predominate; main crops -- wheat, barley, olives, fruits (especially citrus), viticulture, vegetables, dates Major industries: mining, food processing, textiles and leather, light manufacturing, construction materials, chemical fertilizers Electric power: 270,000 kw. capacity (1970); 710 million kw.-hr. produced (1970), 137 kw.-hr. per capita Monetary conversion rate: 0.52 dinar=US$l (IMF par value) Fiscal year:-calendar year 341 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 COMMUNICATIONS: Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 Railroads: 1,273 mi.; 298 mi. standard gage (4'8 1/2"), mi. double track; 975 mi. meter gage (3'3 3/8") Highways: 10,000 mi.; 4,560 mi. bituminous, 465 mi. gravel, 2,050 mi. improved earth, 2,925 mi. unimproved earth Pipelines: crude oil, 496 mi.; refined products, 6 mi.; natural gas, 43 mi. Ports: 4 major, 14 minor Merchant marine: 8 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 15,400 GRT, 19,300 DWT; includes 6 cargo, 2 specialized carrier Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft Airfields: 60 total, 36 usable; 10 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 19 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station Telecommunications: the system is above the African average in amount and capacity of facilities which consist of open-wire lines with multiconductor cable or radio relay on trunk routes; key centers are Safagis, Susah, Bizerte, and Tunis; 70,000 telephones; 400,000 radio and 50,000 TV receivers; 2 AM, 3 FM, and 7 TV stations; 2 submarine cables DEFENSE FORCES: Supply: dependent on foreign sources of supply; mostly U.S., with lesser amounts from France, Italy, and West Germany 342 Approved For Release 2004/08/31 : CIA-RDP79-01051A000400010002-1 NIS 27 Approved For Release 2004/08/Aln a ,_ Sakhalin Att I A LEDTIAN ISLANDS y M O N G --= `~ O L I A 1 Leos vI s , f I } rv F r< z 4 SYR" A ~ P ' ssa ~ I S l IRA xAS R 1 R AN H EOPLE S REPUBLIC OF CHItiA IrAKISTA*I EGI PT SAUDI ATA BONIN IS A R A B I Ir ~ ' . / i OkinawaY ~ AJ ~ HAWAIIAN IS. A TS b -2 I N D I A VOLCANO IS Marcus I RYJV' -'= .4 N REPUBLIC OF CHINA :HAD fl'EMEN ~` ~1 NPr0. ~e ~~ IS Wake SUDAN z ./~ Socotra LACCADVE S ANDAMAI IS c +"~ PHILIPPINE ETHIOP IA SO cexu 1 MALIA NICOBP7E iS PA 1S 0 L I E 7 ~. , MALDIVES IS, TRUK IS. MARSH ILL Is lk:w NDA KE ~ f NYA M A L A Y S I A S:~pepen ' manes GILBERT IS .' ZAIRE ANbs -{-- . ~- Bo,neo ~ \ ~ra/"uNOI LnxiWr , c ro?s~' - - t PA PC Gll\EA Sumat ~-- TANZANI A S[YCHBLLE`1 ARCIIIPEOLAGO I I N D 0- N A NEW GUINEA }, ALA ogM URO is SO v LOMON ISLANDS ELLICE IS J_AMBIA N !~ ----- - P, V5 # ^C, f MALAGASY w TH lS t4` REPUBLIC sT BTBVFANA CA REPUBLIC '-~ OP LESOTIfo SOUTH AFRICA % M Y0 RElIN10u I N D I A N 0 C E A N .lr NEW HEBRIDES IS '_SAMOA IS=_~ HJI IS Approved or a ease 131--CiA RDP7a=0,051-AOA940OG-1D4Q2-1.-.-. KERGUELEN IS NEW ZEALAND',.