GOALS AND ATTAINMENTS OF EDUCATION IN THE USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79-01093A000100160004-7
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 35
• Document Creation Date: November 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 6, 1999
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: April 24, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

1., Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100160004-7
4AMMIONINONNirm
STECUa4TY JOITIOI
?nit' IS 10E AL LPITELLICs'IME ILE
GOALS AIM ATTAINIENTS C OG AT ION IN M
CIOR PR-16
24 Apill 1952
BAT
The data and conclusions contained this ANITC:A
do not neoessarily represent the final positic,n, oT
MR end should be regarded as provielmal may nn4
subject to revision.. Additional do:La or Ceititi;VA,Es
which za7 be available to the maw are tolicl,tei,
This report contains ilmforantion available to
as of 1 February 1952,
WARNING
This material contains information efeAin
national detente ot ti, -Onited Statos Ionhia 1:116
moaning of the espionage law, Title 1S, VW, Ei';C5
793 and 7940 the transmission or revelation of
whieli in any Donner tf, an hmomtborized percon
prohibited by law,
GENIRAL MiSILMLE A GM
afficel of TieseArelz mnd noporta "Gu'ENrNo. -
(..HAN(7;r: iN r!
ii .' /, : n:Vi
/ tir
foll
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100160004-7
?
f Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100160004-7
MUM.
Summary , ? . 4 0
I, General Goals and Objectives ? it, ?
II, General Pkesures of Progrews
0
?
?
?
0
0
?
3
D
4.
tP
0
0
0
N
6
0
0
c
0
?
,1
6
'!ntf4'
4
1, Lau Prerevolutionary Leval , . ,
,
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
...
4
2, Handicaps to Program . , . . . .,
-
.
,
9
P
9
1
? -
9
/
1
9
4
v
3? Educational Finance ? , . .
.
,,
Q
a
4
9
4, Range of Education . . . ? .. . .
.
?
0
.
?
,
?
:
.1
0
.5
5,, 00111Prari00130 with the VS-
9

9
6
,..
Gradsd Schools , . . ?
1, ? .,
2, Enrollment . , . . . . ? . ? .
,
?
,
,
,
.
,
,
?
,
,
.
?
3. Course of Study0-
4 4
0
0
1
V
1
4
9
4
P
I
1 -
4, TeaChers and TeachingVMthods ,9 /
:.
/
e.
.
,
A
,
.1
1
/
4
4
11
1
5., Limitations , ? , ? ., , . , 0 ,
19
9
z.
?
.
,
,
12
a, Retardatian and Drop-outs
,
c,
,
4
9
12
If
h, Shortage of Teachers , ; ,
.
.
?
,,
,
?
0, Buildings and Supplies : L.
V
.
::
T
,
14
d. i
1
,
,
.
.14.
6, Attainment og Goals . .4 9 4
,
V.
4
9
9
Z.
/
.
1
14
1:
117,
Specie, Types of Elementary' and Secondary
Sehools
14
1. Kindergartens end Day Nurseries :
.
4
:
0
t
9
9
.
4
9
4
14
g.. ki11tal7 SO/1001S , V - . 9 9 i
9
4
9
6
k
11
i
0
.
15
3, Schools for Retarded Pupils - N
-
6
:
0
,`
15
4. "PoprtilArn Education . , , ? 1
0
t
4
4
4
0
4
4
I
i
15
VG eat i mai Education - ? . ...,
...,,
13
Goals ? , ? ,

15
2. The SyIt i?,
3, labor Reserve Schools ? ,
?
,
9
9
P.:91,0?1=ITIA
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100160004-7
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100160004-7
PlatiFIT41111eigi
a. Goals . ? . ... . . . .16
? , .
b, Types and Recruitment,
c. Emorollment
d, Handicaps
e. Attainmmmt of Goals
Vocational High Schools . ? ?
? .....
a- Goals and acquirements?
. . , . .
b, Enrollsent . ?
o. Teachers . . , ? ? 1 ? ,r r? ??
d. Course of Study. ,
. . . . ? 9
0, Attainment of Goals , ,
. ? ? . . . .
177., Meier Education 9 `.4? 1.C 41 5. 00
1, Goals Q 4 0 4 0 0 V ? 4 , 4 4 9 1. 0 ? 4 t.
2, Types of Institutions . . . . 0 e 0 V .1 ?
3, Departments ? . . . . . ? , . ? Q 4
4. o,,,.?11mant and Graduates . , . , . . .
5, Course of Study , . , , 4 4 0 . 4, 4 T. f
6. Graduate Work ? . . 0 V 4, 4 L4.? 4.4
7, Scientific Research ? . . ? . . . . . .
8, Attainment of Goals . , 4 ? 4 0 4 0 e 6 0
VII. Political Education , . t, C .?
ummajzra
Appevity 1 Methodology
Appendix B., Sources and Eva/uation of Soar ceo
?
0
9
,
.
0
,
4
.
,
,
1
.
?
0
9
0
,
V
?
4
?
4
0
!?
a
?
.
1
, , ,
. -A0
, 0
4
5 5 3
.
?
05
, , 0
0 PO
,., 0 / :.
. . .
9 9
1,00 4
. , . .
4 0 ?
? / 5 0
5 9
.
.
0
2
V
,
.
4
9
17
18
19
19
19-
20
20
2D
21
21
21
22
23
23
24
26
28
29
Zrialtamtlant
Figure 1, Administrative Organization and Control
of Education in the USSR
2
cal.",gRIA&
3
Falkarbr, sZwe
4
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100160004-7
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A00010016'0004-7
cwith 1a-16
(am Project 9-51)
=UR= TIMMATION
4904LAID-11412X0 41FAIWN 470 THE Os,,
km=
.4)0 ot,thixejer goals of the Comunist regime in the USSR lus
develop g: 'k4mA facilities and uee them to ;emote totalibarian -7Tur
,
The 4110WwWiqapmee *doh permeate all types aDd levels of Soviet laai..m.s?
tion ere rieeable political indoctrination and practical vocational 1,ra..11,1.Lng.
Thiewo !ndf iered by a high degree of central control of Txhxcatio.1;.al.
polloy' and subject wetter0
liMmeeeee re public education in Czarist Rusaias and privat and climoh
?
sohoolP teeChed only a limited segment of the population:, :n spLte ZILNO
MWAWilibeginn4nws disruptions by ear end purges, an sypaing sobarA )C)
tion, and ldw,uatimeal inoome, subetantial progress in ntttiaing Oormt
goals has been made in the past 30 Jeers,
1MMo objective& of the graded- echoble in the USSR aro rnach thv.; SKIM at.
in the ;VS; ugh added emphasis on indoctrination nnd preindustrIki
Calm* as education was eompuleory only through .the fouret grade, tee eveae
asieriP1' of obildr14 did not progress beyond that point, At war.:mnt the1,4,
is 4 drive teAsehiergeenivarsal omapalsory seven-gtade ;ts
appar0t.SUcc4Wa Will *Pend the Potential Jetsam ef secwdcry vo-
0014* high.schools? end, eventually, colleges. The enr,311ment iu
high sehools,ie still small, and only about 1 percent of the tote." z:L.I.ILL.ent
An the first *a grades is in the graduating class, About the sane iv02.31,mt--.
hourrOle* are graduated from vocational high schools, end aUeni
n.tgbt 3coo1 Thu course of etudy is more condensed tIsaa in thn
largest'proPOtien of the time is devoted to those subjecte vhers favi;a2::
!Ster14 and political indoctrination can be omibined... AtaUtin.-
tion if even to sebjects whiCh ley the foundation for vocetional.
About 10 Oerekilt i alIgtted to ganee aad sporte with e otzong premilitta'd
emPhazia,
Ir( spite of the development of elaborate teachr?trOaltinis.
ties the supply of trained teachers has not kept pace with the 4.1xpanolw,
scho4p, Add1tion4 headicaps are the excessive retardatL'AL of puoiLii
shortakes in buildings, equipment, and tertbooke, in sumeary, g:claity(
taboo* are raplly-aarroaching the goal of univerual 0014Pul
attendance; high school 'enrollment is stil/ small.; and ouk5taatial "LS.L.1:2Z.;:,)06
is being made in the elimination of the shortage of tasahnrs,
14Pz. reeerve schoole are erganised to trair workere f6r thtl ral.a,,,.. 3 :-.ri,
of 1,i4 4., tompletion o fbu
f the r th grade is reqi
ured :or eat.:7, A1-67._,
rt
them* i somf.'*aluttiatrenrellment, compulsion is often reeorted to,
must** 4 years at an assigned J. The system providw2 a
. ?
amoicrigg
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100160004-7
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100160004-7
youth 44.1441417 and filling the requirements in Nomaele ure:111 zne 1L-
401.41!t, alr:41Tente reached 1 million in 1948 but have cubereee-t47
half that nudber. It is not Clear whether this eazinkage
or a permanent trend meey from thie type or ,:vaildad
lure to fulfill plans. Over the past 5 years the leeer
,
oct.Tbave 00tri17uted 3.5 million semiskilled worker to the eeemsete
_
where they were most critically needed.
, ?
,pohoolS (technicums) aecept pupils Who heve ccepletea
,t41,1e4n them as specialists. They are giver: a high aLata
?lel training for one of a wide variety of occapatiteee
tleel steadily increased to a level or over 14; eeLleen, eith
Use of about 320,000. The relative freedom of these eezeiee
tl? public' ciitieiem Indicates that they are performing their 1,24cticen
eatistaptorAir.
'Higher education is offered in 34 universities and over 3G0 ee alleed
lust/ es.
TheemeledepartMeets are included in the universities, bat leseetietea
for the meet part train for ene Darrow specialty. Resident etudentaivz ie-
eree004:5,0 percent in the 5 years orecedinf 1951. There are now 830.CCO reel.
dolt 40,U,0 006 correspendence etudente, with ennual graduatione at tee rat
or 7.500M0, regular and ZO 000 oo-reoponderce degreea. At preeent neeely hae,f
the grulneteP are 144inedfor teaching, about 23 percent fer eagluearieg, aad
the far Misoollaneous professions. Only about 4 percent of the dograos
eipo
In the fie?Jeregradnete degrees as compared with 13 percent in the DS. eleieeeee
',ark in ieelenee le integrated with the program of the Aoadeey of Soieeces, which
elm) tgecOellent laboratories but concentrates on applied reueereb.
tatiyoly, institutione of hieher education in the 'Malian
the goal, at training expert personnel as rapidly as induetry expazited. Iaavfix4
loft lefeteee for improved etaffing.' Qualitatively, Soviet greduatea aro humpered
br the narroWeenge of stbjeote taught in the specialised iretitutes, LIB
talleetion of research, and the, fact that only a small preportion el
them havp postgraduate treinieg. The high concentration of the ecohym W: the
USSR 04 e crit,1104ereduote of optaparatively simple designs, houovar, utito it
possibieto operate industry aucoeserully with fewer enginepr3 aud a xv.s.4-rou.ar
range or' 0114. Ifjudgemtes to the training of engineer i iz,baaed 4poa ehe
workman' lp In tie products which they subsequently turn out,. it is to ez ceue
tended t 14i/ntifiC and tealualcal =power* at leapt in the critleai leduatriee.
le of sriciezt volume and quality to produce the goodie Lii arzt
fitment'a for the operation of the Soviet economy at present levels,,
,
cal training for the officials of the Party and government
carried on in a special system of schools;
2
00,11111)
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100160004-7
Die
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000100160004-7
22EiRalja
0E4;014 40/4061#14- ObJetWo$,
A major camera of the Communist regime in the USSR h15 Loln 3ilin-ecre:11A
In the ;Ora a einoktion, wide extension of facilitiov, -A3 adtV;&Lion x?
44311,03.0t0 totalitarian objectives. The Constitution str.Llys these objeetivv.1
as falsars
4060