THE PATTERN OF LAND USE IN RELATION TO TARGET GRAINS IN THE USSR AND THE PROBABLE SPREAD OF STEM RUST ON CEREAL GRAINS

Document Type: 
Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8
Release Decision: 
RIFPUB
Original Classification: 
T
Document Page Count: 
152
Document Creation Date: 
November 9, 2016
Document Release Date: 
October 20, 1998
Sequence Number: 
2
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
February 18, 1953
Content Type: 
REPORT
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8.pdf5.47 MB
Body: 
Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300069002-8 10.9C*Fifitim SECURITY INFORMATION Copy No. Kt Ts 4, ROVISIONAL INTELLIGENCE REPORT THE PATTERN OF LAND USE IN RELATION TO TARGET GRAINS IN THE USSR AND THE PROBABLE SPREAD OF STEM RUST ON CEREAL GRAINS CIA/RR PR-23 18 February' 1953 DOCUMENT NO CHANGE 0 DECLASSIFIED CLASS. CHANGED T NEXT REVIEW DATE: AUTH 1HR 7 Part II of this report was prepared by the Office of Scientific Intelligence. CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND REPORTS Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 WARNING This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the espionage laws, Title 18, USC, Secs. 793 and 794, the trans- mission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law. Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 pePICCRET Approved For Release 199 e /09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 SECURITY INFORMATION PROVISIONAL INTELLIGENCE REPORT THE PATTERN OF LAND USE IN RELATION TO TARGET GRAINS IN THE USSR AND THE PROBABLE SPREAD OF STEM RUST ON CEREAL GRAINS CIA/RR PR-23 Part II of this report was prepared by the Office of Scientific Intelligence. CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Office of Research and Reports Approved For Release 1999/0;e1A-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 SECRET dolerSECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 FOREWORD This report is in two parts. Part I deals with the relationship of the land-use patterns of the principal cereal grain-producing administra- tive districts in the biological warfare (BW) target regions of the USSR to the magnitude of local targets, in terms of vulnerable grain expressed as percentages of the total production of the USSR. Part II deals with the probable spread of stem-rust infection from foci of primary infection. Part I 'is based on the latest available Soviet acreage statistics, those for 1938, a climatically normal year. The total acreage presently seeded to grain crops and its distribution by regions are still much the same. The 1938 pattern is therefore believed to be satisfactory for the purposes of this report, although the 1938 figures are only approximately applicable to present conditions and are subject to revision. Part II is based largely on case histories of stem-rust spread from infected barberry bushes in the US. The spread of infection from the more or less concentrated yet limited foci of barberry bushes bears a very uncertain relation to the spread of infection from the larger and originally more diffuse centers developing from feather-bomb drops. A great many factors are involved, and the data now available are not adequate to assess these factors. It is therefore impossible at present to calculate with accuracy the area in which a specified crop loss will occur as a result of stem-rust spread from a given successfully estab- lished infected area. Approved For Release 1999/092 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 soW#M SECRET 400Te 1:1 Surplus Regions Region I Winter Wheat and Barley 9,594.4 61.5 917.6 5.1 2,257.0 11.5 12,769.0 24.0 3,851.1 42.2 1,657.1 10.2 18,277.2 23.3 CID Region II 6 Spring Wheat 613.9 4.0 4,971.0 27.7 3,116.6 15.8 8,701.5 16.3 1,039.3 11.4 1,593.5 9.9 11,334.3 14.4 CD CA) Region III-A Winter Rye and Oats 2,359.6 15.1 1,547.0 8.6 5,915.0 30.0 9,821.6 18.4 928.3 10.1 3,195.8 19.8 13,945.7 17.7 - 4 - TOP SECRET 8-Z0009000?000V?601.0-6/dC1N-V10 : Z0/60/6661. eseeieN .10d peA0iddV Area TOP SECRET CD Table 1 0. Target Grains: Production Bases Computed on the 1938 Acreage c) of Winter Wheat, Spring Wheat, Winter Rye, Barley, and Oats -1 in Specified Regions of the USSR PO (Continued) CD Er pa C,) Bread Grains Feed Grains CD " IV Total All Grains (JD Winter Wheat Spring Wheat Winter Rye !( Total Barley Oats C.0 C.0 Thou- Thou- Thou- Thou- Thou- Thou- Thou- sand sand sand sand sand sand sand 8 to Metric Per- Metric Per.. Metric Per- Metric Per- Metric Per- Metric Peru Metric Per- Tons cent Tons cent Tons cent Tons cent Tons cent Tons cent Tons cent " IV European USSR (Continued) 0 Total European USSR Surplus - Surplus Regions 12,567.9 80.6 7,435.6 41.4 11,288.6 57.3 31,292.1 58.7 5,818.7 63.7 6,446.4 39.9 43,557.2 55.4 '1U Deficit Region 10 Region 111-B 1,351.1 8.7 1,387.1 7.7 7,015.9 35.6 9,754.1 18.3 1,698.0 18.6 5,758.2 35.6 17,2:33 21.9 CID CD 72.5 0.8 64.6 0.4 -& Other Areas 178.7 1.1 20.6 0.1 245.2 0.5 0.5 CD 45.9 0.2 CID Total European USSR 14,097.7 90.4 8,8113.3 49.2 18 350.4 93.1 111,22.1.14 77.5 7,589.2 83.1 12 269.2 75.9 61,1119.8 77.8 ca CD CD CD CO CD - 5 - CD CD CD CD CD CD CO3 TOP SECRET 8-Z0009000?000VE601.0-6/dC1N-V10 ZO/60/6661. eseeieN iod peAwddv TOP SECRET Table 1 Target Grains: Production Bases Computed on the 1938 Acreage of Winter Wheat, Spring Wheat, Winter Rye, Barley, and Oats in Specified Regions of the USSR (Continued) Bread Grains Feed Grains 12/ Winter Wheat Spring Wheat Winter Rye 2/ Total Barley Oats Total All Grains Area Thou- sand Metric Tons Per- cent Thou- sand Metric Tons Per= cent Thou- sand Metric Tons Per- cent Thou- sand Metric Tons Per- cent Thou- sand Metric Tons Per- cent Thou- sand Metric Tons Per- cent Thou- sand Metric Tons Per- cent Asiatic USSR Surplus Region Spring Wheat and Oats 27.7 0.2 6,030.1 33.6 1,046.7 5.3 7,104.5 13.3 368.5 4.0 2,547.1 15.8 10,020.1 12.8 Other Areae 1,471.1 9.4 3,089.0 17.2 319.0 LA 1.,879_1 9.2 1,173.5 12.9 1,349.1 8.3 7,394.7 9.4 Total Asiatic USSR 1,1.98.8 9.6 9,119.1 50.8 1,358.7 6.9 U,976,6 22.5 1,542.0 16.9 3 896.2 24.1 17 414.8 22.2 Total USSR 15.596.5 100.0 17 962.4 100.0 19 709.1 100.0 53,268.0 100.0 9,131.2 100.0 l6.65.1 100.0 78 564.6 100.0 a. Spring rye, a relatively unimportant cereal crop in the USSR, is not included. b. Figures for bread grains as such are not included in the area totals. - 6 - TOP SECRET 8-0009000?000V?601.0-6/dC1N-V10 ZO/60/6661. eseeleN Jod peAcuddy TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 While the data used in this report are based on the 1938 land-use patterns because 1938 is the last year for which published data are available on a detailed regional basis, it is believed that shifts in acreage during the past 14 years have not been sufficiently great to render the 1938 acreage and the computed production bases invalid for the purposes of this report. The total acreage seeded to grain crops is not materially different now from what it was in 1938, and distribu- tion by regions is much the same. There have been some shifts among grains, such as a tendency to stress bread grains as against feed grains and to plant rye rather than wheat in some regions, but, generally speaking, these shifts have for the most part taken place within the potential target areas, the major grain surplus regions. Therefore, the 1938 pattern is still believed to be a realistic one. There has certainly been no shift in the weather pattern, and the use of average yields gives a basic picture of what may be expected under normal conditions as well as a point of departure for comparing the effect of annual fluctuations in weather and other growing conditions on produc- tion in other years. In several treatises the vulnerability of Russian grain to BW attack has been analyzed in considerable detail, and certain potential target areas have been indicated. It is a matter of record that in 1938 the territories now comprising the USSR seeded 98.7 million hectares to the four cereal target grains -- wheat, rye, barley, and oats -- and that 74.8 million hectares, or 75.8 percent, were seeded in European USSR, while 23.9 million hectares, or 24.2 percent, were seeded in Asiatic USSR. Under normal growing conditions the 75.8 percent of the total acreage of the USSR seeded in European USSR in 1938 would have accounted for 78 percent of all the cereal target grains produced in the USSR in that year, including 90 percent of the winter wheat, 49 percent of the spring wheat, 93 percent of the winter rye, 83 percent of the barley, and 76 percent of the oats (see Table 1). Likewise under normal growing conditions the acreage seeded in Asiatic USSR in 1938, 24.2 percent of the total, would have accounted for 22 percent of all the cereal target grains produced in the USSR in that year, including 10 percent of the winter wheat, 51 percent of the spring wheat, 7 percent of the winter rye, 17 percent of the barley, and 24 percent of the oats (see Table 1). B. Regions of Production. The grain surplus regions of the USSR are located in the southern part of European USSR and in a narrow belt of Asiatic USSR between the parallels of 45 and 55 degrees north latitude extending from the Ural Mountains eastward to the Altai Mountains. There are various ways of describing these European and Asiatic grain surplus regions in which growing grains may become logical targets for BW attack, If the attack is to be made with use of E-73 feather bombs which are carrying spores of rusts that will attack wheat, rye, barley, and oats separately or in combination, it is not necessary to consider separately the target potentialities of - 7 - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 the area seeded to each grain. For the purposes of this report, European USSR has been divided into three regions based on land use (see the accompanying map),* as follows: Region I, in which winter wheat is the most important crop and barley is second in importance; Region II, in which spring wheat is the most important crop; and Region III, in which winter rye and oats are the important crops. The only grain surplus region of Asiatic USSR, in which spring wheat and oats are the important crops, will be designated, for the purposes of this report, as Region IV (not shown on the map). Ninety-nine of the varying land-use patterns of these regions are indicated in the tables of the Annex, The Statistical Basis Indicating the Land-Use Pattern and Distribution of Grain Production in Specified Administrative Districts of the USSR,** Tables 1 to 87, inclusive, being devoted to European USSR and Tables 88 to 99, inclusive, to Asiatic USSR. In each table the total area of each district is given, as well as the area seeded to each of the target grains -- winter wheat, spring wheat, winter rye, barley, and oats -- and the total area seeded to these target grains, together with the percentage that each such area is of the total area of each district. These percentages for European USSR are also indicated, in black, on the map in each corresponding district that is shown. The tables in the Annex also give the production of each target grain and the total of these grains, as well as the percentage that each such production is of the total production of the corresponding grain in the USSR. These percentages for European USSR are also indicated, in red, on the map in each corresponding district that is shown. These grain surplus regions of European and Asiatic USSR show perceptible differences in land-use patterns, but, in reality, adjoin- ing regions tend to merge and are not sharply delineated as indicated on the map for European USSR. A description follows of the broad characteristics of each region. 1. Region I. Region I is the winter wheat and barley region, a surplus region, of European USSR, including parts of West and North Ukraine, all of South Ukraine, the Moldavian SSR, the Crimea, and the North Caucasus Economic Region.xxx Winter wheat is the most important of the target grains in Region I.xxxx Winter rye is generally the second most impor- tant crop in West and North Ukraine, although barley follows winter wheat in order of importance in South Ukraine except in Voroshilovgrad and Stalino oblasts. Spring wheat is the least important target grain in this region. * Following p. 18. ** Following p. 43. xxx The North Caucasus Economic Region comprises Krasnodar and Stavropol' krays, Groznyy Oblast, and Dagestan ASSR. xxx,x Ismail' Oblast (in South Ukraine), in which barley is the most important target grain, is the single exception. - 8 - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Under normal growing conditions the acreage seeded in the poten- tial target area* of Region I in 1938 would have accounted for 23 per- cent of all the target grains produced in the USSR in that year (see Table 1). The region would have produced 62 percent of the winter wheat, 5 percent of the spring wheat, 12 percent of the winter rye, 42 percent of the barley, and 10 percent of the oats. Under normal growing condi- tions the bread-grain production of the potential target area of Region I in 1938 would have been 24 percent of the total bread-grain production in the USSR. In that part of the Ukraine which is included in Region I the statistical approach to the pattern of land use indicates that, for example, 58 percent of the total area of Nikolayev Oblast was seeded to the four cereal target grains (see the map and Table 13 in the Annex). The distribution of acreages in Nikolayev Oblast is fairly uniform. If it is assumed that the grain rust spores disseminated from a single E-73 feather-bomb drop have an initial spread of 10 square miles, it may be construed that some spores from a single feather-bomb drop in Nikolayev Oblast would have more than a 58-percent chance of hitting one or another of the four cereal targbt grains. Conversely, as indicated on the map, the statistical chance of making a direct hit in the Transcarpathian Oblast in the extreme west of Region I is only 8 percent, whereas in,Groznyy Oblast in the extreme southeast there is a statistical chance of only 4 percent and in Dagestan ASSR (not shown on the map) only 6 percent of making a direct hit. It is obvious that an attempt at a BW attack on the grain growing in these districts would not be worth while. There are three districts in Region I in which the statistical approach to land use is not directly valid. In the southern part of the Crimea there is a range of low mountains where the use of land for field-crop production is negligfble. In the area north of these mountains the chance of making a direct hit is greater than the 28 per- cent indicated on the map for the Crimea Oblast as a whole. The two other questionable districts in Region I are Krasnodar kray and Stavropol' Kray. For example, Krasnodar Kray (see the map and Table 19 in the Annex) has a total area of 8.5 million hectares, of which only 2.4 million hectares, or 28 percent, were seeded to target grains in 1938. These target grains, however, are distributed through- out the general seeded acreage of only 3.8 million hectares, or 45 per- cent of the total area. The seeded area lies north of the Caucasus Mountains, which occupy 55 percent of the whole area of the kray. Out- side the seeded area the land of the kray is occupied by orchards, meadows, pastures, and agricultural wasteland. It is not possible at this time to delineate the land-use pattern within the limits of the total seeded area. * In Region I, three districts lie outside the potential target area of a probable BW attack on grains: the Transcarpathian Oblast in the west and Groznyy Oblast and Dagestan ASSR in the southeast. - 9 - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/OM ?b5RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Stavropol' Kray (see the map and Table 20 in the Annex) has a total area of 7.66 million hectares, of which only 2 million hectares, or 26 percent, were seeded to target grains in 1938. These target grains, however, are distributed throughout the general seeded acreage of only 3.1 million hectares, or 41 percent of the total area, lying in the west-central part of the kray. A large percentage of the kray is occupied by the Caucasus Mountains to the south and by arid wastes to the northeast. It is not possible at this time to delineate the land-use pattern within the limits of the total seeded area. Although in each of the several ()blasts of the Ukraine, as well as in the Moldavian SSR, the statistical approach to land use indicates in a rough way the chance of making a direct hit by an E-73 feather-bomb drop. An analysis of aerial photographs may indicate, in some instances, localities to be avoided in a bombing attack, thus increasing the chance of a hit. 2. Region II. Region II is the spring wheat region, a surplus region, of European USSR, including the dblasts of Rostov,* Stalingrad, Saratov, Ul'yanovsk, Kuybyshev, and Chkalov and Bashkir ASSR. Spring wheat is the most important of the target grains in Region II. Rye is second in importance except in Rostov Oblast, where it gives place to both barley and winter wheat. Except in Rostov Oblast, winter wheat is an unimportant grain. Oats are relatively unimportant in Rostov and Stalingrad oblasts but are third in importance in the northern oblasts Barley is significant only in the south. Under normal growing conditions the acreage seeded in the potential target area of Region II in 1938 would have accounted for 14 percent of all the target grains produced in the USSR in that year (see Table 1). The region would have produced 4 percent of the winter wheat, 28 percent of the spring wheat, 16 percent of the winter rye, 11 percent of the barley, and 10 percent of the oats. Under normal growing conditions the bread-grain production in the potential target area of Region II in 1938 would have been 16 percent of the total bread- grain production in the USSR. The statistical method of describing the pattern of land use in the individual administrative districts of Region II loses much of its usefulness because a considerable part of each of the territories is made up of wasteland or land on which target grains are seeded on scattered acreages. The greater part of the region is adjacent to the vast Asiatic desert, and light rainfall and chronic drought have tended to crowd much of the agricultural production against the western boundary * Rostov Oblast is conventionally considered as part of the Lower Don-North Caucasus Economic Region. In this discussion, however, Rostov Oblast is considered together with the dblasts of the Lower Volga because spring wheat is the dominant seeded grain in Rostov Oblast. -10 - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 ISCOOMP79-01093A000300060002-8 of the region. For example, Rostov Oblast (see the map and Table 23 in the Annex) has a total area of 10.45 million hectares, of which only 3.13 million hectares, or 30 percent, were seeded to target grains in 1938. These target grains, however, are distributed primarily through- out the general seeded acreage of only 4.64 million hectares, or 44 percent of the total area, lying chiefly in the western part of the oblast. The eastern part of the oblast is largely land unsuited to profitable field-crop production, and seeded acreages are widely scattered. The land-use pattern of this oblast is varied, with barren stretches in the area of the city of Rostov and in other scattered localities. It is not possible at this time to delineate the intricate land-use pattern within the limits of the total seeded area. Similar land-use patterns prevail in the oblasts of Stalingrad, Saratov, Kuybyshev, and Chkalov. In the north, Bashkir ASSR (see the map and Table 30 in the Annex) has a total area of 14.35 million hectares, of which only 2.6 million hectares, or 18 percent, were seeded to target grains in 1938. These target grains, however, are distributed largely throughout the general seeded acreage of only 3.5 million hectares, or 24 percent of the total area, concentrated in the western and northwestern parts of the republic. About 76 percent of the .republic is mountainous or covered with forests, pastures, and other land areas not well suited to field-crop production. 3. Region III. Region III, in which rye (almost exclusively winter rye) and oats are the predominating crops, is made up of a normally grain surplus region (III-A) in the south of European USSR and a normally grain deficit region (III-B) in the north. a. Region III-A. Region III-A includes all of West Ukraine (except the Trans- carpathian and Chernovtsy oblasts); the North Ukrainian oblasts of Zhitomir, Chernigov, and Sumy; as well as the northern part of Kiev Oblast of North Ukraine. It also includes the Central Agricultural (Black Soil) Region,* as well as Chuvash ASSR and Tatar ASSR. This grain surplus region is characterized by winter rye as the most important of the target grains. The second most important crop is generally either winter wheat or oats. In North and West Ukraine, barley tends to be a more important crop than spring wheat, whereas in the Central Agricultural (Black Soil) Region the reverse tends to be the case. * The Central Agricultural (Black Soil) Region includes the oblasts of Bryansk, Kursk, Oral, Voronezh, Tambov, and Penza and Mordvin ASSR. - 11 - Approved For Release 1999/09102,:s2MRDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 19990P02sPCINRDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Under normal growing conditions the acreage seeded in the potential target area of Region III-A in 1938 would have accounted for 18 percent of the production of all the target grains produced in the USSR in that year (see Table 1). The region would have produced 15 percent of the winter wheat, 9 percent of the spring wheat, 30 per- cent of the winter rye, 10 percent of the barley, and 20 percent of the oats. Under normal growing conditions the bread-grain production in the potential target area of Region III-A in 1938 would have been 18 percent of the total bread-grain production in the USSR. The land-use pattern in most of the eastern half of Region III-A is more or less similar to that of North Ukraine, The country is generally open steppe with seeded acreages fairly uniform in their distribution, but wooded areas are more frequently encountered than in the south. Kursk Oblast presents at least a 37-percent statis- tical chance of a direct hit by a feather-bomb drop; Voronezh, 31-percent; Tambov, 34-percent; Penza, 33-percent; and so on. Toward the west the region is more heavily wooded, and the statistical chance of making direct hits on the ()blasts in this area becomes less than in the east -- Chernigov, 23 percent; Zhitomir, 23 percent; Rovno, 22 percent; and so on. Summarizing the situations in the grain surplus Regions I, II, and III-A, under normal growing conditions, the acreages seeded in the potential target areas of these three regions in 1938 taken as a whole would have accounted for 55 percent of the four target grains -- wheat, rye, barley, and oats -- produced in the USSR in that year (see Table 1). The three regions would have produced 81 percent of the winter wheat, 41 percent of the spring wheat, 57 percent of the winter rye, 64 percent of the barley, and 40 percent of the oats. Under normal growing conditions the combined bread-grain production in Regions I, II, and III-A would have been 59 percent of the total bread-grain produc- tion in the USSR. This vast grain surplus region, which is the primary target for a BW attack on grains, has a total area of 775,900 -square miles, of which 3184400 square miles, or 41 percent, were under field-crop produc- tion in 1938. Wheat, rye, barley, and oats were seeded on 215,300 square miles, or 28 percent of the total area. Although, as pointed out in the discussion of Region II (the spring wheat region), the statistical approach to employing the land-use pattern as an indication of the percentage of chance of making a direct hit on one or another of the target grains by any single feather-bomb drop is, in some cases, invalid, nevertheless it would be the grain growing on this 28 percent of the total area of Regions I, II, and III-A that would logically be the potential primary target for a BW attack. In the Ukraine and the Central Agricultural (Black Soil) Region the chances are considerably more than 28 percent. By avoiding the mountains and wasteland areas of the North Caucasus region, the valleys of the Lower Don and the Volga rivers, and the mountainous and forested areas - 12 - Approved For Release 1999V/p2s~DP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 of the Urals Economic Regicin, the chances of making a direct hit would also be greater than the 28-percent average for Regions I, II, and b. Region III-B. The districts in grain deficit Region III-B, on the other hand, offer relatively poor targets (less than a 28-percent chance) for successful feather-bomb drops. Vast forests cover the northern part of this whole region, and south of these primeval forests the region is characterized by marshes, pastures, and wooded areas, which in many oblasts are more uniformly distributed than are cultivated areas. Often these cultivated areas appear as "islands" scattered irregularly through- out lands that are not well suited to production. The map shows only part of Region III-B, the northern limits of which extend above the Arctic Circle. Region III-B includes the North- west Economic Region with Leningrad as a center; Northern European USSR with Arkangelfsk as a center; the Baltic Economic Region; Belorussia (west and east); Industrial Concentration B in Central European USSR with Moscow as a center; Velikiye Luki Oblast in the west; Kirov Oblast, Chuvash ASSR, and Mari ASSR in the east; and, finally, Udmurt ASSR and Molotov Oblast in the northern part of the Urals Economic Region. Under normal growing conditions the acreage seeded. in the potential target area of Region III-B in 1938 would have accounted for 22 percent of all the target grains produced in the USSR in that year (see Table 1). The region would have produced 9 percent of the winter wheat, 8 percent of the spring wheat, 36 percent of the winter rye, 19 percent of the barley, a.nd 36 percent of the oats. Under normal growing conditions the bread-grain production of the potential target area of Region III-B would have been 18 percent of the total bread-grain production in the USSR. The target potentialities of Region III-B are poor, with the exception of Tula Oblast, with a 29-percent statistical chance of a direct hit on one or another of the target grains by a feather-bomb drop, and Ryazan' Oblast, with a 31-percent statistical chance. Smolensk Oblast presents only a 19-percent statistical chance of a direct hit by a feather-bomb drop; Kirov, 15-percent; Minsk, 16-percent; Moscow, 9-percent; Kalinin, 11-percent; and so on. 4. Region IV (Asiatic USSR). The chief grain-producing region of Asiatic USSR, which produces a surplus of spring wheat and oats, is a relatively narrow belt extending from the foothills of the Ural Mountains eastward to the foothills of the Altai Mountains. Region IV includes all administrative districts for which data are given in Tables 88 to 99, inclusive, in .the Annex. iFor the most -13- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 part, this surplus area lies in the West Siberia Economic Region. The remainder of Asiatic USSR (which is not included in Region IV and which is not included in the tables in the Annex), comprising most of the Central Asia, East Siberia, and Far East Economic Regions, is deficient in the production of all grains. Neither Region IV nor the remainder of Asiatic USSR is shown on the map in this report, as the seeding of grains therein is often discontinuous and is dispersed to such a degree that the seeded grains offer unsatisfactory targets. Region IV irregularly follows the 55th parallel of north lati- tude and includes Chelyabinsk Oblast and the southern part of Sverdlovsk Oblast of the Urals Economic Region. It also includes Kurgan Oblast; the southern part of Tyumen Oblast; parts of Omsk, Novosibirsk, and Kemerovo ?blasts; as well as the northern part of Altai Kray of the West Siberia Economic Region. The belt also includes North Kazakhstan Oblast and the northern parts of Kustanay, Kokchetav, and Pavlodar oblasts of Kazakh SSR. Under normal growing conditions the acreage seeded in the poten- tial target area of Region IV in 1938 would have accounted for only 13 percent of all the target grains produced in the USSR in that year (see Table 1). The region would have produced 0.2 percent of the winter wheat, 34 percent of the spring wheat, 5 percent of the winter rye, 4 percent of the barley, and 16 percent of the oats. Under normal growing conditions the bread-grain production in the potential target area of Region IV in 1938 would have been 13 percent of the total bread- grain production in the USSR. Many of the rivers traversing Region IV take their rise in the Kazakh tableland and flow north to the Arctic Ocean. During part of the year their mouths are frozen, and their waters back up into the area of the surplus belt, creating extensive marsh lands bordered by areas suitable only for the production of grass. In fact, much of the grain can be grown only on "islands" of tilled land where the water table is sufficiently low to admit cultivation of field crops. Grain is grown extensively in the foothills of the mountains bordering the belt on the west and east, as well as in favorable valleys of the tablelands to the south. The statistical method of indicating the land-use pattern is of questionable utility in such cases as Tyumen Oblast with 0.7 percent of the total area seeded to target grains in 1938, Sverdlovsk with L. percent, Kemerovo with 3 percent, Kustanay with 3 percent, Kokchetav with 4 percent, and Pavlodar with 3 percent. From dot maps based on seeded areas in 1938, it appears that the spring wheat and oats acreages in Kurgan Oblast are fairly evenly distrib- uted. In Kurgan Oblast (see Table 90 in the Annex), with a total area of 7.11 million hectares, only 1.74 million hectares were under target grains in 1938 as follows:* spring wheat, 14 percent; winter rye, 3 percent; -14- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 . barley, 1 percent; oats, 6 percent; or 24 percent in all. Statistically, the grain in this oblast offers a fair target to a feather-bomb drop with a 24-percent chance of a direct hit. Grain in North Kazakhstan Oblast and the southern part of Omsk Oblast appears to have a concentration about the same as that in Kurgan. There is thus a strip of fairly heavily con- centrated grain acreage extending about 600 miles from 65 to 75 degrees east longitude and 150 miles wide extending somewhat north and south of 55 degrees north latitude, or 90,000 square miles in all. There appears to be considerable grain in Altai Kray (see Table 95 in the Annex), which has a total area of 26.16 million hectares with a total seeded acreage of 3.9 million hectares, or 15 percent of the total acreage. Scattered throughout this total seeded acreage 3.3 million hectares were seeded to target grains in 1938, largely in three river valleys some distance apart. It is questionable whether the grain in Altai Kray or in any other part of Asia, except in the limited belt indicated above, offers a worth-while target for a BW attack on grain. About 10 percent of all the target grains grown in the USSR are produced in other parts of Asia (see Table 1), in scattered areas through- out East Siberia and the Far East, in and about the oases of Central Asia and South Kazakh SSR, or in Transcaucasus. These areas probably are of only secondary interest or of negligible value from the point of view of BW attack. C. Famine of 1932-33. 1/* There is no authentic information available relative to the extent of stem-rust spread from a single focus of infection in the USSR or relative to the degree to which any rust damage has reduced yields. Otto Schiller, the former Agricultural Attache of the German Embassy in Moscow, in discussing the agricultural crisis of 1932-33, which was attended by famine, mentions a stem-rust epidemic in that year in cer- tain areas of the USSR. Since there has been considerable confusion in the minds of certain analysts as to the cause of the famine of 1932-33, the following discussion is given in some detail. To understand the famine of 1932-33, it is essential to know that in 1930-31 grain production was "good" -- reported at 83.5 million metric tons, from which the Soviet government procured 22.1 million tons, or 26.5 percent, leaving 61.4 million tons on farms. The deduction of the 6 million tons that were exported from the government's procurement of 22.1 million tons leaves the equivalent of 16.1 million tons for nonfarm utilization. * Footnote references in arabic numerals are to sources listed in Appendix C. -15- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 In 1931-32 there was a crop failure. Generally unfavorable grow- ing conditions, including drought and hot winds from the Asiatic desert, destroyed a large part of the production in the Volga Valley, in the Urals Economic Region, and in West Siberia. Total grain production dropped to an estimated 66.1 million metric tons. In spite of the poor harvest the government exacted deliveries from farmers amounting to 22.8 million tons, or 34.5 percent. The government exported 4.8 million metric tons of grain that year, which,deducted from the procurement of 22.8 million tons, leaves the equivalent of 18 million tons for nonfarm utilization. Because 22.8 million tons had been procured by the govern- ment from a production of 66.1 million tons, only 43.3 million tons were left on farms as compared with 61.7 million tons in 1930-31. Although famine conditions were not reported, the populations of the chief agri- cultural regions were faced with the problem of mere existence. Farm stocks were depleted. Considerable numbers of livestock, including draft animals, were slaughtered, and in some areas farmers were forced to eat some of their seed reserves. It is reported that whole villages migrated from the worst stricken areas to seek better living conditions. The seeding campaign for the harvest of 1932-33 was handicapped by a shortage of manpower and draft animals. There was also a shortage of seed because some had been consumed. The total grain acreage dropped 4.5 percent below that of 1931-32. The drastic steps taken by the government in forcing excessive deliveries of grain in 1931-32 had greatly lowered the morale of the peasants. The hastily established collectives were poorly managed and badly organized.* Work in collective fields was poorly done, and the peasants tended to concentrate their energies on the cultivation of their own garden plots. Because the peasants could not or would not cope with the situation, weeds gained the upper hand, and often it was impossible to identify what kind of grain had been seeded in a field. There were also heavy harvesting losses because work was performed too late. Much grain spoiled in the sheaf and shock in the fields. Finally mice appeared in large numbers in North Caucasus, in South Ukraine, in the Crimea, and in Kazakh SSR, destroying much grain in stacks and storage sheds. In addition to the foregoing factors tending to lower production, Schiller makes the following statement: "Heavy rust damage appeared in certain areas in North Caucasus, in parts of the western side of the Lower Volga, in the Central Black Soil Belt, and in West Ukraine" 2/ that is, in the oblasts west of the Dnepr River. In certain other * The great drive to collectivize 100 million peasants began in 1929. In March 1930, Stalin called a temporary halt, but the good harvest of 1930-31 was taken as an indication of the success of collectivization, and the drive was continued. By the middle of 1931, official statistics show that 13 million households, or 52.7 percent of the total, had been collectivized. The Ukrainians and the Cossacks living in the grain-producing regions had resisted collectivization, and the measures taken against them were ruthless, accompanied by marauding, arrest, and even slaughter of the better class of farmers, leaving the conduct of the collectivized land holdings in the hands of the poorer and less able peasants. - 16 - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 districts of the Central Agricultural (Black Soil) Region and of the western side of the Lower Volga, 1932-33 harvests were better than in 1931-32. There were also better harvests in South Ukraine and the Crimea. Although the harvests in 1932-33 in the Volga, the Urals, and West Siberia were better than in 1931-32, the production could not be considered "good." In Central* and West European USSR?xx in East Siberia, and in Central Asia, an average production was obtained. On the other hand, production in the southern grain surplus regions of European USSR as a whole was poorer than in the previous year. The weather conditions in 1932-33 were generally favorable, and, in fact, the production estimated at 66,4 million metric tons was slightly better in 1932-33 than in 1931-32 but about 20.5 percent below that of 1930-31. The government, however, again went onto the farms as though there had been no crop failure and exacted heavy deliveries amounting to 18:8 million tons, or 28.3 percent of the production. During 1932-33 the government exported 1.5 million metric tons of grain, which, if deducted from the 18.8 million tons of procurements, indicates the equivalent of 17.3 million tons left for nonfarm utiliza- tion. This quantity was 3.9 percent below the nonfarm grain availability during 1931-32 but was 7.5 percent greater than during the good crop year 1930-31. Deducting 18.8 million tons of procurements from the estimated production of 66.4 million tons indicates that the farm popula- tion had about 47.6 million tons to carry them through the consumption year 1932-33. Although, taking the USSR as a whole, this total is 4.3 million tons left on farms in 1931-32, the distribution was irregular, with somewhat better availabilities in Asiatic USSR and in the central and northern parts of European USSR. The southern grain surplus regions suffered, and millions of the rural population, particularly in the Ukraine and Lower Don-North Caucasus Economic Regions, starved to death. The situation in the USSR in1932-33 brings out certain fundamental facts, as follows: 1. Although the grain production in 1932-33 was reduced for the second year, 20 percent below the good crop year 1930-31, the equanimity of the Kremlin was not disturbed. The government stripped farms of nearly the same quantities of grain for nonfarm utilization as in preceding years and, although millions of people were * By Nittelrussland," 3/ Schiller means the former Central Indus- trial Region, which conforms roughly to the modern Central European USSR. ** West European USSR, in this case, includes Kalinin and Smolensk oblasts and the oblasts of Belorussia (frontiers of 1937). - 17 - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02: CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 starving, ruthlessly exported 1.5 million metric tons of grain.* 2. It is possible for a stem-rust epidemic to spread Over parts of the southern grain surplus Regions I, II, and III-A of European USSR There is, however, no evi- dence indicating the extent of the spread or the inten- sity of the damage caused by the infection.** It must be borne in mind that the success of a BW attack on Soviet grain with feather-bomb drops will depend very largely on the extent of the stem-rust spread grids and the intensity of the destruction, within these grids, of the wheat, rye, barley, and oats growing in the three grain surplus regions of European USSR at the time of the attack.xxx * In a previous report, CIA/RR 5, A Preliminary Appraisal of the Effects of a Biological Attack on Grains in the USSR, 10 June 1952, TOP SECRET, an effort was made to assess the effects on Soviet economy attending each of three loss patterns of the grains most susceptible to rust. In discussing the first of these three loss patterns, it was concluded that if as a result of a BW-attack on Soviet grain a 20-per- cent loss of all the wheat, rye, and oats and a 10-percent loss of all the barley produced in the USSR were sustained, the effects on the Soviet economy would be relatively small even in the second year of such an attack. ** It should be noted, however, that in two of the regions in which heavy stem-rust damage was reported the production was better in 1932-33 than in 1931-32. These regions are the Central Agricultural (Black Soil) Region (Region III-A) and the western part of the Lower Volga Valley (Region II). xxx An analysis of evidence based on US experience with stem-rust spread follows in Part II of this report. -18- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET PROVISIONAL EUROPEAN USSR Seeding and Production of Wheat, Winter Rye, Barley, and Oats by Administrative Districts EXPLANATION ZHITOMIR 22.7 (Winter rye) R 9.6 (Oats) 0 4.7 (Winter wheat) WW 4.6 (Barley) 13 3.5 (Spring wheat) SW 0.1 Percentage of area seeded to wheat, winter rye, barley, and oats 1.3 1.0 Production of each specified grain percentage of USSR total 1.0 Percentage of area seeded to each specified grain GRAIN-PRODUCING REGIONS Surplus Regions Region, I Winter Wheat and Barley Region II Spring Wheat Region HI-A Winter Rye and Oats Deficit Region Region III-13 Winter Rye and Oats 50 100 150 200 250 MILES 0 50 100 150 200 250 II KILOMETERS SECRET II Some boundaries shown on this map are de facto bound- aries 0952), not necessarily recognized as definitive by the United States Government; the United States Government has not recognized the ;ncorporation of Estonia, Latvia, end Liat...ua into she Sonnet Union. 12312 CIA, 12-52 Baltic Sea KALININGRA.D 15.3 R 7.2 12 0 36 0.7 B 2.6 0.9 WW 1.6 0.3 SW 0.2'L LITHUANIAN S.S.R. 19.3 R 8.5 3.1 0 5.1 2.6 B 3.0 30 WW 1.9 1.3 SW 0.7 02 LATVIAN S.S.R. 15.2 0 5.4 27 R 4.7 1'g B 2.7 24 WW 1.1 0.7 SW 1.1 0.4 PSKOV 4.5 0 2.7 0.4 R 1.2 01 B 0.2 7. SW 0.1 - WW - - NOVGOROD 8.0 R 3.2 O 2.3 WW 1.0 B 0.7 SW 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.1 POLOTSK 16.5 R 8.0 O 4.9 B 2.0 t SW 0.9 WW 0.8 ,..'"MOLODECHNO' 22.3 tSZ12.2 0.4 59 0.3 B 2.6 0.2 SW 0.9 1WW 0.5 POLAND BG17.91-30N.6?,,, WwB h, 20.8 0.3 0 5.2 0.3 pARANOVICHI S'BN 201: 02 R 10.1 0.3 grain surplus regions ,SW wwI3 .012009:533:701,N... 3.i2s Northern boundary of 101.):7:..*485:80:1:3 14.6 svEI, 7. WW Ew :B" OBRUYSK 06 0.1 OLYN MINSK 15.5 R 7.5 O 4.1 B 1.9 SW 1.2 WW 0.9 25.0 R 11.3 i. WW0 5.4 4.2 B 2.9 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 7.4 3.5 1.9 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 POLES'YE 7.6 I R 4.8 0.4 0 1.2 0.1 , ...6.......... B 0.8 02 "VW0.4 - 1 0.4 - ROVNO .?If ?'''.I CHERNIGOV ' hl '1 23.3 22.0 ...., s-,-?,. \) VELIKIYE LUKI 10.3 R 4.1 0.6 0 3.9 0.8 B 0.9 0.3 SW 0.8 0.1 WW 0.7 0.1 VITEBSK 14.0 R. 6.0 O 4.2 B 2.1 SW 1.0 WW 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1 MOGILEV 18.5 R 9.2 O4.3 B 2.8 SW 1.8 WW 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.2 GOMEL' / 16.0 \ R 9 1 0.6 ) 13 32 CP 23 \ SW 1.5 0.1 WW 0.4 - SMOLENSK 18.7 R 8.9 1.8 0 7.1 1.9 B 1.3 0.6 SW 1.1 0.2 WW 0.3 0 R 4.2 1.0 0 3.9 1.3 WW 0.8 0.2 SW 0.8 0.2 B 0.8 0.5 III-B KALUGA R 41818 0.4 ....? .522 91:4A1.. /1 WW 1.8 i2:81 O 4.5 B 0.5 000:.36, 1 08 31021-u 1.6 It WSW .3: 0.9 r ' BRYANSK (-. '..."Ce.oS 1.013 - - I) ....? a3 4..... +..... "*) 24.1 ORELSN,.. YAROSLAVL' 7.7 O 2.7 0.5 s ww ? 1.1 0.2 B 01 O 4.3 0.5 o o 5 B 0 2 MA 1As6R.s2IR 15. woowBR.. 81 5800, :WHAU.s1V. s3A. RS: H1 24.8 TATAR A.S.S.R. WS WWB ?OS 422 ?01 281 OR 31 7: 42 31 R 4.6 0.4 WW 1.0 11,...,1 3 KOSTROMA /0.0 0 4.5 R 2.9 SW 1.0 0.9 WW 0.7 IVANOVO 10.8 1.1 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.2 KIROV 14.9 R 6.6 2.8 O 5.6 2.9 B 1.6 1.5 SW 1.0 0.4 WW 0.1 - UDMURT A.S.S.R. 22.0 R 9.7 1.5 O 7.5 1.3 SW 3.4 0.5 B 1.4 0.5 WW - SW 0.6 0.2 VLADIMIR /5.7 R 5.8 0.5 0 5.7 0.8 . SW MOSCOW ww 9.1 g 0.1 _ O 4.6 1.4 R 2.5 0.5 WW 1.4 0.4 SW 0.4 0.1 B - R 12.1 O 7.7 SW 2.0 B 1.4 WW 0.8 1.5 1.3 0.4 0.5 0.2 wi:v 94'20 0085 71241-2.70.7MIR ll SW?B 2.9 C0:6 W WRB 19.; 0111 DROGOBF78H.5 0'.42?: s l' &::' :'f-C:5 . L',V0V wwR.190:1 00157 SW 0.1 _ I OB 2952 . 4: 00 . . 6' 2' ' SW 0, :,8, T?;RNOPOL WW 4.8 0.3 w 0.4 -, R 45.6 7;7 WWR 22.83 .1 0 2.2 1 STANwISwBLAIV..669111..80,...2541 I, 19.0 0.2 O 4.3 0.4 'SW 1.2 - W 0.4 - RANS- ARPATHIA SW 0,67.7 . B 0.2 - KAMENETS- PODOL'SK 33.5 WW 11.5 R 9.9 B 6.0 O 5.9 SW - HERNOVTSY' W 9.004, 21.9?..* R 6 0 0.2 "- B 3 3 0 3 1.7 1.1 1.3 0.8 VINNITSA 35.4 WW 14.2 32 R 7.8 1'3 8 7.1 24 0 6.1 1.1 SW - 7. RUMANIA KIEV 27.8 WW 9.3 3.4 R 8.2 2.0 13 5.1 2.6 0 5.1 2 6 SW - R 12.6 O 5.0 B 3.0 WW 2.1 SW 0.5 1.3 0.6 0.9 0.5 SUMY 30.0 R 12.0 WW 6.6 O 5.4 B 3.7 SW 2.2 POLTAVA 35.3 WW 12.2 3.0 R 10.8 1.5 B 5.2 2.0 O 3.8 0,8 SW 3.2 5,5 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.9 0.2 R 13.7 1.8 O 5.7 0.9 WW 3.0 0.7 SW 2.6 0.4 B 0.6 0.1 KURSK 36.5 R 14.4 3.6 O 7.9 2.3 WW 7.1 2.8 SW 3.7 1.5 ? 3.3 1.6 KHAR'KOV 34.6 WW 1315! 2110..7: 9. 4 B 7.3 1.6 t DNEPROPETROVSK 'I a / SW 4.7 0.6 :1 Irl 4,ki. OWRINOSH1IL2.03V2G.2RAD 11...... 'EICWIWRO2V2.02 GRA2.5D 39.6 . swoR .,.757 0001 WW 20.4 4 4 i'''' ' i ST3A3L.2INO I.., \ 37-4 ' ia, , M 0 LsDsARV. I A N t' Si?B 3g:.7 821'1! ,??? I wsv,v, 1H i:6 ?,,, WW0OBR D42ES96321....974:SA !.32 0 2 1,, P-11 WW 40.8 NIKOLAYEV 57.5 '. ZAPOROZWYE 1- `...'"I \ 0c 2.7 o 4 w:9.272.6 ,21.: R 3.2 0.3 0 1.9 0.3 BR 48:t 0.6 , SW 1.4 0.1 B 10.5 R 2.8 '8' 81 g:1 (,,,, SW 1.4 GOR'KIY 16.9 R 7.6 20 0 5.9 2'S SW 1.8 06 WW 1.4 0'6 El 0.2 0:1 O C W 0.2 SW 38U:35;00'1622AI:2;0 V2i1S...87K /1 11..4, 8 aR 1? 5;i: W56 i? RY933.A.z0Z.7AN21,'.42 SW 142.74 30..16 CT) 27.5 MOA.RsD.s A.S.S.R. B 0.2 - 45.7 KUYBYSHEV B 0.1 WW 0.7 0.1 41.6 Ar- " VORONEZH 30.7 R 10.8 3.3 SW 7.0 1.7 WW 6.1 2.6 O 4.8 1.8 B 2.0 0.9 IZMAIL' 44.7 4 :B. 20.3 W 13.8 R 4.4 SW 4.2 0 1.8 2.2 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 2.9 1,5 01 0.1 KHERSON 34.9 WW 22.8 2.1 B 8.0 1.5 R 1.6 0,1 0 SW 1.2 - 1.0 _ 41.2 WW 27.1 B 8.3 O 2.1 R 1.9 SW 1.6 CRIMEA 28.3 lac 1 W 4.4 1.9 0.3 0:1 TAMBOV 33.9 R 16.2 O 8.7 WW 4.5 SW 4.3 ? 0.3 2.8 1.8 1.1 0.8 0.1 ROSTOV 29.9 SW 9.6 1.2 B 7.0 6.2 WW 6.9 2:5 B R 4.7 1..1 0 1.4 0..5 PENZA 32.5 R 13.6 O 9.7 SW 7.0 WW 1.6 B 0.4 2.5 1.8 1.0 0.4 0.2 STAL/NGRAD 26.6 SW 14.3 5.2 R 7.6 2.9 B 2.5 2.5 0 1.3 0.7 WW 1.0 0,5 SARATOV 28.9 SW 15.2 4.4 R 8.4 2.9 O 3.1 1.2 B 1.6 0.9 WW 0.6 0.3 SW 24.4 1.2 R 8.3 1.4 O 7.9 0.5 E 1.0 0.3 WW - - II ASTRAKHAN' 1.4 R 0.5 - WW 0.3 - SW 0.3 - B 0.2 - O0,1 - :3 _ MOLOTOV SECRET 7.2 SECURIA' INFORMATION 0 2.6 2.5 R 2.6 1.9 SW 1.4 1.2 B 0.6 1.1 WW - _ BASHKIR A.S.S.R. 18.2 SW 7.4 4.1 R 5.9 3.7 O 0.6 3.1 B 0.2 0.3 WW 0.1 0.1 CHICALOV 23.2 SW 14.3 63 R 14.8 1.7 O 3.0 1.4 B 0.9 0.7 WW 0.1 - Sea BULGARIA KRASNODAR 27.8 WW 16.1 9.0 B 7.8 6.1 O 1.9 1.0 SW 1.7 0.7 R - - STAVROPOL' 26.1 Caspian WW 14.6 B 7.9 O 3.2 SW 0.1 R 0.1 GROZNYY 3.9 W 2.8 0.3 O 0.6 0.1 B 0.4 0.1 SW - - R - - ET ffeT ECR Approved For Release 1999/O 02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 PART II PRELIMINARY STUDY OF PROBABLE STEM-RUST SPEhAD ON CEREAL GRAINS* A. Problem. To estimate on the basis of recorded instances of cereal stem-rust spread from infected barberry bushes in the US the areal extent which disease of damaging proportions might be expected to reach following a single drop of the currently available BW munition. B. Conclusion. In spite of limitations imposed in comparing stem-rust spread from barberry bushes with that from a munition drop, it is apparent that heavy damage over an area of not less than 100 square miles can be expected from each successfully established focus of infection resulting from BW attack with stem rust early in the growing season, given a susceptible variety of grain and at least reasonably favorable ensuing weather conditions. C. Discussion. 1. Scope of Inquiry. The success of overt attacks aimed at establishing cereal stem- rust spread of epidemic proportions is dependent on the same complex of time-weather factors which govern the development of natural epidemics. At the present time, data on all the factors in this complex, as related to natural epidemics, are inadequate for an accurate assessment of the development and spread of stem rust which might result from the artificial establishment of a single focus of infection. Within imposed time limits, full use has been made of available data on the natural spread of cereal stem rust from barberry bushes in the US (see Appendix A). In connection with the barberry eradication program of the US Department of Agriculture, some 1,528 case histories of stem-rust spread from infected barberry bushes were compiled. The great majority of these case histories, over 90 percent, represent very limited spreads from small local foci of infection, obviously limiting their usefulness for the purpose of this survey. This limited spread may have resulted from one or more of several factors, as follows: (a) only one small bush or at best a few small bushes in a restricted area were involved; (b) the barberry bushes were only moderately infected; and (c) considerable distance intervened between barberry bushes and susceptible grain or grasses. Because these histories were collected during the course of barberry eradication work, many * Prepared by the Office of Scientific Intelligence. -19- Approved For Release 1999/0350rCIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 SECRET Approved For Release 1999/0T9IS:ECFIZTRDP79-01093A000300060002-8 were taken two or more weeks before crop maturity and so do not give an accurate picture of total spread or final severity. Some 132 cases, or 8.5 percent of the total, were selected as representing spreads of more than 1 mile. In the selected group are found examples from every kind of terrain and most of the broad land- use patterns under which small grains are grown in the US. The survey also includes, insofar as there are parallel conditions in the US, all of the climatic variants likely to be important in a target area. 2. Findings. a. Of the 132 cases where stem-rust spread extended more than 1 mile, 28 were dramatic, ranging from 50 up to 2,260 square miles. Heavy damage in these instances covered from 5 to 250 square miles, depending on time and other factors, such as the amount of susceptible crops near the focus of original infection. b. Presence of abundant early inoculum was common to all of the more dramatic spreads. The number of barberry bushes was less important than their size and the heaviness of infection. The distance of the barberry bushes from the susceptible crop has an important effect in determining the amount of original infection on the crop and the subsequent build-up and spread. c. Stem-rust spread from local foci of infection has occurred under the full range of geographical location, climate, and terrain characterizing 18 states of the US in which barberry eradication has been conducted. d. Land-use pattern -- that is, proportion of land in total farms, cropland, pasture, and woodland, where? this last does not exceed 25 percent scattered through cropland -- does not seem to limit the spread of stem rust. When intensive infection is established on small grain, extensive spread is possible even though fields of suscep- tible small grain are scattered among nonsusceptfble crops. e. In open plains or rolling country, spread will go in any direction, controlled only by winds. In valleys, heavy infection patterns, probably influenced by diurnal air movements, often follow drainage lines. Woodland which is near or which completely surrounds barberry bushes has some effect in reducing build-up. Stem-rust spread was rarely symmetrical in the case histories reviewed, being commonly fan-shaped or some modification thereof, extending away from the focus of infection in the direction of prevailing winds. 3. Limitations Imposed by the Nature of the Survey. The survey here reported is of a preliminary nature and will be supplemented, within a year, by the findings of work now under way, -20- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000.300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 part of it in the field. In view of this and of the nature of the material employed, it is essential to stress the following specific limitations in order that the findings be correctly evaluated: a. The case histories which furnish the basis for this survey were developed primarily for educational and demonstration purposes and in the great majority of instances contain little data other than the extent of stem-rust spread from one or more barberry bushes which may have served as a primary source of inoculum. In some cases a general statement is made as to rust severity and grain loss. General state- ments on yields are occasionally given, but, on the whole, there is no very valid basis for estimating the extent of damage. b. Time limitations have precluded the study of certain factors which should be taken into consideration in such a survey. Weather during the seasons and in the localities involved, the most important of these factors, has not been taken into account, nor has there been considered the relative earliness or lateness of the season as it influences the time for build-up of inoculum. c. As noted above, available data were customarily taken at the time of barberry destruction work, considerably before actual harvest time. These data often represent a very much smaller total effect than that actually experienced. d. It has not been possible to develop any satisfactory way of translating stem-rust spread occurring from the more or less con- centrated yet limited foci of barberry bushes into what might be expected from the larger, and originally more diffuse, centers develop- ing from feather-bomb drops. Case No. 11, Appendix A, most closely parallels the overt BW attack. e. Presently available data are not adequate to predict with accuracy the square-mile area in which a crop loss of 50 percent will occur as a result of stem-rust spread from a successfully established infected area of 1 square mile (the problem originally proposed). The historical record of rust development in eastern Manitoba during the years 1929 and 1935 illustrates this fact. The former was a year of "light" rust; the latter, "very heavy."* Data comparing dates of crop heading, occurrence of spore showers, earliest and light general infec- tion, and general harvest, together with the amounts of spore fall and final amounts of rust, are given in Table 2.** Weather during the period from heading to harvest was clearly the determining factor. (See Appendix B.) * With one exception, in which "heavy" damage was defined as 20 per- cent or more (see Case No. 5, Appendix A), there are no percentage values equivalent to the terms "very heavy," "heavy," "moderate," "light," and the like. ** Table 2 follows on p. 22. - 21 - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Table 2 Record of Stem-Rust Development in Eastern Manitoba 1929 and 1935 Number of Spores Dates of per Dates of Infection Date of Occurrence of Square General Amount Year Spore Showers Inch Earliest Light General Harvest of Rust 1929 14 - 18 June 326 3 July 3 - lo July 8 August Light 1935 24 - 30 June 365 3 July 3 - 10 July 8 August Heavy 4. Implications with Respect to Biological Warfare Operations. While recognizing the above limitations, the several records of stem-rust spread from barberry bushes presented in Appendix A show positively that, under a wide variety of conditions as to terrain, geo- graphical location, and season, a destructive spread of varying extent will occur when a central source of inoculum is established. It is believed that careful meteorological analysis of target areas, with current utilization of meteorological data and 3- to 5-day forecasts, will remove many elements of uncertainty from operations. The failure of significant spread in over 90 percent of the case histories emphasizes the necessity for large amounts of early inoculum which, by infecting a sufficiently extensive area, builds up the immense quantities of inoculum required for major epidemic spread. As an alternative, the failure of significant spread suggests a large number of relatively closely spaced, smaller foci from which spreads will coalesce. One case, in Goodhue County, Minnesota (not included in the series of examples cited in this summary), illustrates such a situation. In this case a spread covering one township was formed of the coalesced small spreads from some 4o or more scattered foci. Intensive research is therefore necessary (a) to determine whether operational spore distribu- tion should be diffuse over an entire area so as to form numerous rela- tively closely spaced, small foci or in more massive concentrations regularly distributed at intervals of several miles and (b) to perfect munitions designed most effectively to achieve optimum spore distribution. In nature, those spore showers which establish original infec- tion commonly extend over periods of time and occur at intervals of several days each. Hence, in connection with a BW operation, the number -22 - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 of drops necessary to give reasonable assurance of an adequate initial infection must be determined. The pattern of munition drop must take into account the unsymmetrical nature of the hoped-for spread in relation to wind and topographic features. It seems that land-use patterns will not materially affect development within wide limits. The Pine Camp test of the currently available crop BW munition achieved primary infection over an area of 25 square miles. The early establishment of such a focus should result in a build-up and heavily damaging spread over at least 100 square miles. Actual experience in 1946 in Adams, Cumberland, and York counties, Pennsylvania, indicates that, in a favorable season, spread from a focus smaller than that reasonably expected from a BW drop covered 600 square miles, with 250 square miles of heavy damage. Recognizing that this spread of heavy damage is not to be expected under average conditions, it seems conserv- ative to plan on the basis of 100 square miles. If weather conditions are so unfavorable that this result is not achieved, it is one of the calculated risks that must be taken. -23- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 APPENDIX A SUMMARY OF ELEVEN CASE HISTORIES OF STEM-RUST SPREAD IN THE US ? In studying the interrelations of land-use pattern, terrain, and general climate in stem-rust spread, 28 studies of case histories in the US showing extraordinary spread were analyzed. These were representative of at least four types, as follows: (1) Level to gently rolling areas where a high proportion of all land was in cultivated crops, where grain crops occupied more than 20 percent of all land, and where woodland was less than 5 percent; (2) Topographically similar areas where the proportion of all land in cultivated crops was 60 percent or less, where mixed cropping was general, where grain crops occupied less than 20 percent of all land, and where woodland was 0 to 10 percent; (3) Wide stretches of rolling terrain, only a very small part of which was cropland and the remainder of which was an un- improved treeless expanse, with grain fields generally scattered widely; and (4) Mixed farming confined to intermountain valleys, inter- spersed with woodland, with grain crops occupying 5 to 20 percent of the total cultivated area. The geographic range of these studies includes northeastern Washington, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Nebraska, North Dakota, Minnesota, Ibwa, Missouri, Wisconsin, Indiana, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. Summaries of 11 considered examples follow.* 1. Rice County, Minnesota, 1922. In Rice County, according to the 1925 census, cropland made up 59.1 percent of the total area; small grains, 24.2 percent; pasture, 19.2 percent; and woodland, 8.7 percent. Centering about the town of Northfield, at distances of 1 to 6 miles, were seven groups of barberry bushes from which stem-rust spread extended to the surrounding area in 1922. The average date of first infection of grains from aeciospores in Minnesota is 24 May. A map showing distribution as of 10 July, about 7 weeks later, indicates that the entire area within four townships (144 square miles) * For presentation in tabular form, see Table 3, p. 32. - 25 - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 carried a stem-rust infection ranging from "heavy" in the area nearest to the barberry bushes to a "trace" in areas farthest away. The average date for spring wheat harvest in the area is 1 to 11 August, so that 3 to 4 weeks still remained prior to harvest. Winter wheat, on the other hand, was approaching maturity, while oats had pproximately 3 weeks to go. On 10 July the map indicates that stem rust was "heavy" in 19 square miles, "moderate" in 38 square miles, and "light" in 72 square miles, with a 'trace" infection in the remainder of the 144 square miles (leading off the map). During the interval before harvest, "moderate" infection built up to the "heavy" level, and a large part of the entire 144 square miles developed a very seriously damaging epidemic, the total spread reaching 315 square miles. Data are not adequate on which to make a firm estimate of the area in which damage reached 50 percent of the crop. 2. Faribault County, Minnesota, 1926. In Faribault County in 1925, farms made up 70.7 percent of the total land area; grain crops, 27.1 perOent; and woodland, 2.5 percent. In 1926, some 70 barberry bushes growing in the vicinity of Rice Lake served as an infection center for the spread of stem rust. A map, dated only as "July," covers 12 townships in which rust is shown over the entire area in varying degrees of intensity. Approximately 66 square miles are indicated to be "heavy"; 184 additional square miles, 'moderate"; and the remainder of the 432 square miles, or 182 square miles, as a "trace" to "light." A report, apparently of a later date, states that stem-rust spread to wheat was "heavy" over the entire eastern half of the county, or 360 square miles. The inclusion of this later state- ment suggests that the data for the map were collected before harvest, but how long before is not indicated. No data are available on which to make a firm estimate of the area in which damage reached 50 percent of the crop. 3. Barnes County, North Dakota 1925. tarnes County is typical of the Northern Great Plains. In 1925, cropland made up 71.2 percent of the total land area; grain, principally wheat, 44.4 percent; and woodland, less than 1 percent. Two groups of barberry bushes lying about 6.5 miles apart -- one 6 miles northeast of Valley City and the other 9 miles east -- served as focal points for stem-rust spread in Barnes County. One contained 15 bushes, and the other 10. A map dated only "August 1925," which probably indicates stem-rust spread at harvest or shortly before, harvest being 1 to 11 August in that area, shows coalescence of spread from the two foci. An area of 'heavy" infection scales out something more than 20 square miles; "moderate" infection, 80 square miles; and "light" infection, 80 more square miles. The statement is made that, -26- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300080002-8 within 1 mile Of the first group of bushes, yields were between 6 and 11 bushels per acre and graded No. 3 and that at correspond- ing distances from the second group yields ranged between. 7 and 9 bushels per acre of a corresponding grade. The statement suggests a probable reduction in the heavily infected area ranging from 20 to 40 percent depending on distance from the primary infection foci. There are no other data suggesting the degree of actual loss. 4. Grand Forks and Traill Counties, North Dakota, 1928. These counties are typical of the Red River Valley. The terrain is level, and woodland occupies less than 2.5 percent of the total land area of both counties. In 1929 the percentage of all land in small grains was 38.8 in Grand Forks County and 43.9 in Traill County. Two large barberry bushes, 9 feet high and with a spread of 107 square feet, located in Grand Forks County, were the center of a stem-rust spread in the two counties. Both bushes were very, heavily infected. Spread to grains probably began in late June. Observations in August, presumably at about wheat harvest, showed a spread fanning out more than 10 miles to the southeast. Spread to the east reached the Red River, a distance of about 2.5 miles. The pattern of spread indicated continuation across the state line into Minnesota, but no observations were noted for that state. In North Dakota the map indicates a spread ranging in severity from "heavy" to "light" infection over an area of 55 square miles. Of this spread, some 12 square miles were indicated to be "heavy"; about an equal area was indicated to be "moderate," and the remainder "light." The pattern of spread suggests an added area in Minnesota approaching in size that in North Dakota. Although 1928 was a year of light stem rust in the north-central states, the amount and distance of spread in this instance indicates that conditions for the establish- ment and development of stem rust, at least in the Red River Valley, were favorable enough to create a destructive epidemic spread for at least 25 square miles, with less damage over a wider area. No data are available on which to make a firm estimate of the area in which damage reached 50 percent of the crop. 5. McLean, Sheridan, Burleigh, Oliver, and Morton Counties, North Dakota, 1929. These counties are located along the Missouri River in the west- central part of the state. The area concerned, immediately northwest, north, and northeast of Bismarck, is typical of the Northern Great Plains. Taking Burleigh, Morton, and Oliver as typical, according to the 1930 census, cropland made up approximately 40 percent of the total land area of each county; small grains, approximately 24 percent; and woodland, less than 1 percent. - 27 - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300080002-8 within 1 mile of the first group of bushes, yields were between 6 and 11 bushels per acre and graded No. 3 and that at correspond- ing distances from the second group yields ranged between 7 and 9 bushels per acre of a corresponding grade. The statement suggests a probable reduction in the heavily infected area ranging from 20 to 40 percent depending on distance from the primary infection foci. There are no other data suggesting the degree of actual loss. 4. Grand Forks and Traill Counties, North Dakota, 1928. These counties are typical of the Red River Valley. The terrain is level, and woodland occupies less than 2.5 percent of the total land area of both counties. In 1929 the percentage of all land in small grains was 38.8 in Grand Forks County and 43.9 in Traill County. Two large barberry bushes, 9 feet high and with a spread of 107 square feet, located in Grand Forks County, were the center of a stem-rust spread in the two counties. Both bushes were very, heavily infected. Spread to grains probably began in late June. Observations in August, presumably at about wheat harvest, showed a spread fanning out more than 10 milesto the southeast. Spread to the east reached the Red River, a distance of about 2.5 miles. The pattern of spread indicated continuation across the state line into Minnesota, but no observations were noted for that state. In North Dakota the map indicates a spread ranging in severity from "heavy" to "light" infection over an area of 55 square miles. Of this spread, some 12 square miles were indicated to be "heavy"; about an equal area was indicated to be "moderate," and the remainder "light." The pattern of spread suggests an added area in Minnesota approaching in size that in North Dakota. Although 1928 was a year . of light stem rust in the north-central states, the amount and distance of spread in this instance indicates that. conditions for the establish- ment and development of stem rust, at least in the Red River Valley, were favorable enough to create a destructive epidemic spread for at least 25 square miles, with less damage over a wider area. No data are available on which to make a firm estimate of the area in which damage reached 50 percent of the crop. 5. McLean, Sheridan, Burleigh, Oliver, and Morton Counties, North Dakota, 1929. These counties are located along the Missouri River in the west- central part of the state. The area concerned, immediately northwest, north, and northeast of Bismarck, is typical of the Northern Great Plains. Taking Burleigh, Morton, and Oliver as typical, according to the 1930 census, cropland made up approximately 40 percent of the total land area of each county; small grains, approximately 24 percent; and woodland, less than 1 percent. - 27 - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/0V0P27611AKDP79-01093A000300060002-8 In August 1929 the stem-rust spread was mapped from two groups of barberry bushes, one of 12 and the other of 16 bushes. The two groups were situated 2 miles apart, near the west bank of the Missouri in eastern Oliver County. A survey made in the week of 8 August showed a total spread, ranging from "light" to "heavy," covering some 2,260 square miles. Of this total, approximately. 215 square miles were rated "heavy"; 245 square miles, "medium"; and the remaining 1,800 square miles, "light." Outside the 2,260-square-mile area, all grain was indicated to carry a "trace" of rust. Since 1929 was a year of "medium" stem-rust damage in the north-central region, a general sprinkling of stem rust would be expected by 8 August over most of North Dakota, including this area, even though it is outside the section where greatest damage occurred from the general epidemic of that year. In these counties the principal stem-rust damage was caused by the spread from the barberry bushes. No data are available on yields or extent of damage by field or areas. The survey was made by an experienced individual, however, and elsewhere in his surveys, "heavy" indicates damage ranging from 20 percent up. 6. Kit Carson County, Colorado, 1922. Kit garson County is typical of the high plains of eastern Colorado and northwestern Kansas. The topography is that of the rolling plains. In 1922, much of the land was still undeveloped. Cropland made up only 14.3 percent of the total land area; small grains, 6.2 percent; and woodland, all of which was along stream valleys, less than 2 percent. Twelve heavily rusted barberry bushes in the town of Burlington provided the primary sten-rust inoculUm. The average date in Colorado for the first appearance of rust infection on grains and grasses from barberry bushes is 2 June. By 26 June a "moderate" infection on grasses and grain extended one-half mile from the bushes; "light" infection, 1 mile; and a "trace," beyond 2 miles. Final reports indicated that in the 3 to 5 weeks before harvest, depending on whether the crop was winter wheat, spring wheat, or oats, the spread had extended 20 to 25 miles from the bushes, with a severity rendering many fields unfit for harvest. The final report gave no estimate of total area of spread or of the area within which damage was severe. 7. Decatur County, Indiana, 1922. Decatur County is representative of the slightly rolling topography of the east-central states. According to the 1920 census, cropland made up 51 percent of the total land area; small grains, some 16 percent (or approximately 30 percent of all cropland); and woodland, slightly less than 10 percent. One very large barberry bush, probably 60 years old, was the center of infection for an extensive spread. The average date of first infec- tions on grains from barberry bushes in Indiana is 17 May. By 1 July the average date of the winter wheat harvest, severe infection had -28- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 spread to 50 square miles. The usual yield of wheat in the area at that time was about 22 bushels per acre, which was cut to an estimated 8.8-bushel average, or, considering reduced bushel weight and poorer quality, more than 60-percent damage. How much farther the spread extended with less damage was not recorded. 8. Laramie and Platte Counties, Wyoming, 1920. The area in these two counties in which the spread occurred is typical of the rolling high plains. In 1920, only limited land had been broken out, and cropped and grain fields were few and far between. In the two counties, according to the 1920 census, the percentage of the total area in grain crops was only 3.9 percent in Laramie County and 1.9 in Platte County. A barberry hedge surrounding a park in the city of Cheyenne was the center of a rather long-range spread in 1920. Fields some 42 miles north of Cheyenne were rusted from 20 to 35 percent, and at 80 miles north at Wheatland, 10 to 20 percent. At the same time, wheat at Pine Bluffs, 45 miles east of the barberry bushes, was pastured off as not worth cutting. Similar spreads occurred in 1921 and 1922, the bushes being removed in the latter year. The widely scattered occurrence of wheat and other grain fields did not give opportunity for extensive early season build-up close to the bushes and therefore gave no criterion of the area of "heavy" damage. 9. Flathead County, Montana, 1942. The area involved was the Flathead Valley in western Montana immediately to the north and west of Flathead Lake and west of the Continental Divide. Farmland in Flathead County is practically all confined to this valley. Of the farmland, cropland (one-third in small grains) made up 31.5 percent; woodland, 45 percent; and pasture, the rest. Much of the cropland, however, is contiguous. Two barberry bushes within 100 feet of a field of winter wheat located just west of the town of Big Fork were the center of infection. On 1 July, when wheat was flowering, only 4 weeks before harvest, stem-rust spread was fanning out into the wheat. A map prepared at the end of the season showed a "heavy" infection extending over 4 square miles, "moderate" infection over 4 additional square miles, a "light" spread over 57 more square miles, and a "trace" over the remainder of the 216 square miles that were mapped. This spread was very significant, considering the short time involved. No data are given on yields on which to make a firm estimate of the area in which damage reached 50 percent of the crop. -29- Approved For Release 1999/0?ffl Eg.RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/03g2 SECRET: D P 7 9 - 0 1 0 9 3 A 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 2 - 8 10. Monroe County, West Virginia, 1943. Monroe County is in the mountainous country of southeastern West Virginia. A series of interconnecting mountain valleys with valley farmlands and hillside woodland and pasture is characteristic. Only about 20 percent of the land in farms is cropped, and about 20 percent of the cropland is in small grain. Woodland occupies about 30 percent of all farmland. On a map of the area, barberry bushes are shown at nine points along a 5-mile stretch running southeast from the intersection of Greenbrier, Monroe, and Summers counties. Stem-rust spread was principally in Wolf Creek and Second Creek townships. The survey map, dated 16 June, indicates a "very heavy" infection over some 17 square miles, "heavy" over 8 more square miles, and "moderate" over at least 50 additional square miles. As mapping was stopped at geographic and other boundaries with no apparent relation to stem-rust spread, the extent of total spread cannot be determined. At the time when the crop was in the medium dough stage, rust severity ranged from 100-percent prevalence and 80-percent severity to 50-percent prevalence and 10-percent severity at the more distant points. Some 10 days remained before harvest, and these degrees of severity undoubtedly built up to more destructive proportions. No data are given on yields, but the rust readings suggest at least a 50-percent yield reduction from 10 to 15 June in the 25 square miles of "very heavy" and "heavy" infection. 11. Adams, Cumberland, and York Counties, Pennsylvania, 1946. These counties, located in south-central Pennsylvania, represent an intensively farmed, productive area of moderately rolling terrain. There are a number of streams, draining generally northeast toward the Susquehanna River. In these counties, 76 percent of the total land area was in farms in 1946. About 63 percent of this farmland was in crops, of which grain crops made up one-third. Woodland occupied some 15 percent of the total land area. Some 1,200 or more barberry bushes, of which about 50 large ones were strategically located near grain fields, all within a square-mile area, were the primary center of an extensive stem-rust spread in 1946. The stem-rust spread extended irregularly with a rough conformity to drainage patterns in all directions, but more particularly to the east, west, and north. The spread covered about 35 miles east to west and 30 miles north to south. An area approximating 600 square miles was generally infected. In some 250 square miles the damage was heavy. Farm yields were obtained on one leg to the east of the infection center in the most heavily damaged area. These yields ranged from reductions of 20 to 45 percent. A thresher operator in the area reported that the average yield for the area which he served in this heavily infected section was 20 bushels per acre as compared with an average of 30 bushels -30- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 in normal years -- an over-all reduction of 33-1/3 percent. If this reduction be accepted as average for "heavy" infection, it probably meant at least a 40-percent loss for half of the wheat in the 250- square-mile area. -31- Approved For Release 1999/094n :safrDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET > - 10 -0 Z3 4C CD a. Table3 711 0 Selected Cases of Stem-Rust Spread in Specified Areas of the US 1920 to 1946 X CD (7) CD Land-Use Pattern CD (Percent) Average CD Number and Area of Damage Location Date of Date (Square Miles) ?% Case of Barberry Crop. Wood- Initial Damage Other Indications (JD No. Location Date Bushes land Grain land Infection Examined Heavi Moderate Light Trace Total of Degree of Loss (JD (JD 1. Rice County, 1922 7 groups of 59.1 W11 8.7 . 24 May a. 10 July 19 38 72 15 14h Data not adequate 8 Minnesota bushes, 1 b. Harvest "Large 315 to make firm (JD to 6 miles grains) time part estimate of area th 6- from Nor- f field in which damage K.) reached 50 per- .. cent of crop. 0 2. Faribault 1926 70 bushes 70.0 27.1 a. "July" 66 184 182 near Rice (in 2.5 N.A. 432 Data not adequate ..=_ County, b. "Later 360 date" to make firm Minnesota Lake estimate of area i3 in which damage 0 reached 50 per- cent of crop. "NI 3. Barnes 1925 2 groups of 71.2 44.2 1.0 N.A. "August" 20 80 80 180 Probable reduc- CCP County, bushes, (mostly tion in "heavy" 4:5 North Dakota 6i miles Wheat) area of 20 to ?% apart (25 0 bushes) 1401=Irgiton (JD distance from CO > primary infec 0 tian foci. 0 0 CO - 32 -. 0 0 0 CD 0 0 0 K.) TOP SECRET Co 8-Z0009000?000V?601.0-6/dC1N-V10 : Z0/60/6661. eseeieN .10d peA0.1ddV TOP SECRET > 13 13 3 < CD 0- Table 3 711 0 Selected Cases of Stem-Rust Spread in Specified Areas of the US -1 1920 to 1946 X (Continued) CD CD su Land-Use Pattern co Number and (Percent) Average Area of Damage CI) Location Date of Date (Square Miles) ?% Case of Barberry Crop- Wood,. Initial Damage Other Indications CID No. Location Date Bushes land Grain land Infection Examined Heavy Moderate Light Trace Total of Degree of Loss ttg 4. Grand Forks and 1928 2 large 38.8 2.5 Probably August at 12 12 31 55 A year of light a Traill Counties, heavily and late June above har- rust generally; CID North Dakota rusted 43.9 vest probably spread C) bushes in to an area of K) Grand Forks about equal size .. County, 2i in Minnesota; 0 miles from area with 50- ,? Minnesota percent loss cannot be esti- i3 0 5. Five Counties, 1929 2 groups of 40.0 24.0 1.0 N.A. 8 August 215 245 1,600 (Grain 2,260 ":::vet3 indicates -0 North Dakota bushes (12 i111id! a year of medium ...,i and 16 rust damage ("heavy" indica. Cre, bushes), area had 2 miles a "trace") ting 20.-percent :1 apart in damage and up). a west-central CID North Dakota Cd4 on the > Missouri 0 River 0 0 Cd4 0 0 0 0) 0 0 0 K.) 63 TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET Table 3 Selected Cases of Stem-Rust Spread in Specified Areas of the US 1920 to 1946 (Continued) Land-Use Pattern Number and (Percent) Average Area of Damage Location Date of Date (Square Miles) Case of Barberry Crop- Wood- Initial Damage Other Indications No. Location Date Bushes land Grain land Infection Examined Heavy Moderate Light Trace Total of Degree of Loss 6. Kit Carson 1922 12 heavily 14.3 6.2 2.0 2 June 26 June "Extended "Extended "Extended N.A. County, rusted i mile" 1 mile" beyond Colorado bushes in 2 miles" Burlington 7. Decatur County, 1922 1 large 51.0 16.0 10.0 17 May 1 July 50 N.A. 60-percent damage; Indiana bush (small yield cut from grains) 22 to 8.8 bushels; extent of further spread not recorded. 8. Laramie and 1920 Barberry 3.9 in N.A. N.A. N.A. Fields 42 miles Platte Counties, hedge in Laramie north rusted Wyoming Cheyenne 1.9 in 20 to 35 percent; Platte 80 miles north, 10 to 20 percent; 45 miles east, wheat not worth cutting. TOP SECRET CD 0- -11 0 CD (7) a) C,) CD CID CID CID CID 1.) 0 0 CID 6 CD (A) (A) 63 Approved For Release'1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET Table 3 Selected Cases of Stem-Rust Spread in Specified Areas of the US 1920 to 1946 (Continued) Case No. Location Land-Use Pattern Number and (Percent) Location of Barberry Crop- Date Bushes land Grain land Wood- 9. Flathead County, 1942 2 bushes; Montana (Flat- 100 feet of head Valley) winter wheat field; west of Big Fork 10. Monroe County, 1943 9 points on West Virginia 5-mile stretch Farms practically confined to valley. Farms: 31.5 10.5 45.0 Mountains and scat- tered farms. 20 percent farms cropped with 20 per- cent small grain; woodland 30 percent of farms. Average Date of Initial Infection 1 July (rust was spreading) Date Damage Examined Area of Damage (Square Miles) Other Indications Heavy Moderate Light Trace Total of Degree of Loss 1 August 4 4 57 151 216 Considered signif- icant spread in the short time involved; no basis for estima- ting area of 50- percent damage. Ranged from 100 percent prev- alence and BO percent severity to 50 percent prevalence and 10 percent sever- ity. No data on yields, but read- ings suggest at least 50 percent yield reduction in the 25 square miles of "very heavy" and "heavy." infec- tion. N.A. 10-15 June 25 50 (17 "very heavy") -35- TOP SECRET CD a. ?11 0 CD (7) a) C,) CD CID CID CID CID 1.) 0 CID 6 CD CD G4 G4 63 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET Table 3 Selected Cases of Stem-Rust Spread in Specified Areas of the US 1920 to 1946 (Continued) Land-Use Pattern Number and (Percent) Average Area of Damage Location Date of Date (Square Miles) Case of Barberry Crop- Wood- Initial Damage Other Indications No. Location Date Bushes land Grain land Infection Examined Heavy Moderate Light Trace Total of Degree of Loss 11. Adams, Cumberland, 1946 1,200 or 76 percent 15.0 N.A. N.A. 250 600 Losses 20 to York Counties, more (50 farms, of (all 45 percent, one Pennsylvania large) which: land) leg of heavily within 63.0 21.0 damaged areas. 1 square One thresher mile operator indi- cated yields to be down one- third (30 to 20 bushels per acre) in a heav- ily infested area. 36 TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 APPENDIX B RELATION OF SPORE SHOWERS IN THE CANADIAN PROVINCE OF MANITOBA TO YIELD OF GRAIN PER ACRE 1. General. For wheat, rye barley, and oats, Table 4* shows the seeded acreage, yield per seeded acre, and total production in the Canadian Province of Manitoba for the years 1929, 1935, and 1938, and a 43-year average, 1908-50. The table also shows the percentage relationship of the yield per acre in each of the three years to the 43-year average. Table 5** shows precipitation figures reported by nine stations in Manitoba for the most critical months of the growing season in 1929, 1935, and 1938, together with the amount of deviation from the normal. No very definite conclusions can be drawn from these data and from what little is known on the basis of available information about the stem-rust infestation. More detailed and "personalized" informa- tion relative to the exact conditions that existed in each of the years is necessary. In any case, it would be difficult to say much from only three examples, even if there appeared to be a fully consist- ent pattern. Some implications may be drawn, however, and some surmises made in each of the 3 years. a. Case I. "In 1935 at Winnipeg, Manitoba, a few rust spores were trapped on June 19, but in no significant quantity. Beginning 4 days later, in 96 hours ending June 261 there was a fall equivalent to 4.7 grams of spores per acre, or 300 per square inch of surface. First infec- tions appeared in quantity six days later on July 2. This was a year of heavy rust." 4/ In 1935 a heavy infestation and heavy damage from stem-rust spread were reported. It was a very wet summer. Most of the nine weather stations in Manitoba reported weather conditions greatly above average. In June, especially, rainfall was heavy -- 3, 4, and 5 inches above normal at many stations. Wheat yields per seeded acre were almost 50 percent below normal and were the lowest in the 43-year history. Oats yields were 31 percent below normal, and barley 14 per- cent below normal. Rye yields were above normal, but rye acreage in Manitoba was very small. It appears likely that the stem-rust spread * Table 4 follows on p. 40. ** Table 5 follows on p. 41. -37- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 got an excellent start as a result of the wet weather and that the low wheat yield may largely be attributed to rust damage. Inasmuch as the oats yield was also low, though not so low as wheat, it seems likely that rust, though a different variety from that attacking wheat, affected that grain also. Barley may have been affected to a lesser degree by the wheat rust. Precipitation continued heavy throughout the summer and perhaps was so heavy as to have had an adverse affect on yields, aside from providing a good environment for rust spores. b. Case II. "In 1938, rust fall began at Winnipeg on June 1, but was rela- tively light. In the 48 hours ending on June 14, there occurred a fall equivalent to slightly less than 0.1 gram. First infections appeared on June 22. Beginning two days before these first infections, in the 48 hours ending on June 20 there occurred a spore shower equivalent to 0.4 grams per acre. This shower undoubtedly had some effect, but the first infections were the important ones. The end result was heavy rust." 5/ In 1938, stem-rust infestation was light, but damage reportedly heavy. In June, precipitation was below normal, about 1.5 inches at most stations, and in July and August just about normal. Wheat yields per seeded acre were 9 percent below average; oats) 10 percent below; and barley, 4 percent below. Rye yields were practically average. It is difficult to draw any sure implications from this set of circumstances. However, it is possible that a light initial infestation of rust combined with the dry month of June sufficiently delayed the spread of the rust, so that even though there appeared to be extensive damage, it did not develop in time to greatly affect yields. c. Case III. "In 1929, there occurred at Winnipeg during the 96 hours from June 15 to June 18 spore showers equivalent to 5.0 grams per acre, or about 325 spores per square inch. Conditions were unfavorable for development of the rust, however, and while infection occurred, uredinia did not appear until 3 July, fifteen days late. In spite of heavy early exposure, because of otherwise unfavorable circumstances, 1929 was a light rust year in Manitoba." 6/ In 1929 a heavy stem-rust infestation was reported, but apparently very light rust damage resulted. Weather during the months of June and July was extremely dry. At all weather stations, rainfall was below normal for both months, in most areas about 2 inches below normal. In 1929, yields per seeded acre for each of the three grains widely grown (wheat, barley, and oats) suffered roughly about the same reduction from normal -- wheat, 28 percent; barley, 30 percent; and oats, 37 per- cent. Rye yields were about average. Apparently the dry weather adversely affected both the rust and the grain, with resulting small damage from -38- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 rust but low grain yields. 2. Conclusions. It would appear from the rather sketchy data on which these conclusions are based that heavy moisture early in the growing season provides the environment necessary for a severe reduction in grain yields due to stem-rust, whereas little moisture, particularly in the early months, may either prevent the spread of rust or delay it sufficiently, so that actual damage to the crop may be minimized. -39- Approved For Release 1999/094$ :sa-EIFP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/0'9/72 ECCIIAE-R'DP79-01093A000300060002-8 Table 4 Seeded Acreage, Yield per Seeded Acre, and Total Production of Wheat, Rye, Barley, and Oats in Manitoba for Specified Years Relation of Yield per Seeded Acre Yield per Total to 43-Year Seeded Acreage Seeded Acre Production Average a/ Grain (Thousand Acres) (Bushels) (Thousand Bushels) (PercentT 1. Wheat 2,301 2,587 3,184 12.4 9.0 15.7 28,565 23,250 50,000 -28 -48 - 9 1929 1935 1938 43-Year Average a/ 2,637 17.2 44,930 2. Rye 85 15.4 1,309 - 3 1929 1935 107 17.0 1,816 + 7 1938 205 15.8 3,240 - 1 43-Year Average a/ 115 15.9 1,787 3. Barley 2,182 16.7 36,518 -30 -1929 1935 1,121 20.6 23,100 -14 1938 1,355 22.9 31,000 - 4 43-Year Average a/ 1,283 23.9 30,898 4. oats 1,558 19.7 30,740 -37 1929 1935 1,434 21.4 30,700 -31 1938 1,462 28.0 41,000 -10 43-Year Average a/ 1,535 31.1 47,690 a. 1906-50. -110- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 TOP SECRET Table 5 Precipitation in Manitoba for Specified Months 1929, 1935, and 1938 Inches May June July August SepteMber Stations Actual Difference from Average Actual Difference from Average Actual Difference from Average Actual Difference from Average Actual Difference from Average 1929 Brandon (Experimental Farm) 1.86 40.01 1.69 -1.41 2.27 0.43 -1.84 2.40 40.98 Minnedosa 1.02 -0.91 1.39 -1.76 0.73 -1.90 0.27 -1.85 1.40 Pierson 3.64 +1.68 0.62 -1.94 0.64 -1.60 0.60 -1.78 0.57 -0.91 Portage la Prairie 1.63 -0.22 0.87 -1.93 0.91 -1.72 0.35 -1.67 2.34 -0.10 Russel 2.50 +0.89 0.86 -2.26 2.04 -0.36 0.53 -1.54 0.55 -1.14 Morden (Experimental Farm) 0.92 -1.29 0.44 -2.67 1.25 -1.81 0.81 -1.10 2.59 -0.10 Sprague 2.45 40.83 1.45 -1.21 1.68 -1.05 1.32 -0.18 1.76 Winnipeg 2.69 +0.46 1.37 -1.90 1.10 -1.94 0.55 -1.83 2.39 +0.42 Dauphin 1.54 -0.36 0.73 -1.92 0.49 -2.50 0.87 -1.23 0.36 -1.77 1935 Brandon (Experimental Farm) 1.40 -0.35 7.08 43.98 6.68 +4.13 4.43 +2.14 1.05 Minnedosa 0.93 -0.85 6.75 43.77 5.92 +3.43 3.04 +0.91 1.47 -0.13 Pierson 3.55 +1.65 9.22 46.65 4.53 42.33 2.95 40.76 0.40 -0.93 Portage la Prairie 2.42 +0.60 7.32 +4.49 4.38 41.81 2.26 40.34 1.51 -0.82 Russel 0.82 -0.83 6.08 43.02 4.28 41.90 2.74 40.76 1.48 -0.14 Morden (Experimental Farm) 1.59 -0.60 5.33 42.07 2.80 -0.29 3.59 .1.91 1.54 -1.02 Sprague 1.25 -0.95 2.38 -0.72 2.48 -0.32 5.96 44.23 1.70 -0.54 Winnipeg 1.72 -0.47 4.15 t1.07 1.92 -1.15 4.75 42.41 1.63 -0.63 Dauphin 0.87 -0.88 7.85 +5.35 4.77 42.21 3.84 41.95 2.14 40.22 - 41 - TOP SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 1151.7"-S-"ECRET > -0 13 7: < CD Table 5 a -n Precipitation in Manitoba for Specified Months o 1929, 1935, and 1938 -1 P3 (Continued) -Inches CD CD A) May June cn CD Difference Difference Stations Actual from Average Actual 1938 1.15 1.12 2.01 0.96 2.00 1.47 3.79 1.60 0.89 -0.60 -0.66 40.11 -o.86 40.35 -0.72 .1.59 -0.59 -0.86 1.64 1.62 1.14 1.66 4.24 2.24 1.61 1.32 1.99 Brandon (Experimental Farm) Mirmedosa Pierson Portage la Prairie Russel Morden (Experimental Farm) Sprague Winnipeg Dauphin from Average :-1... -1.17 41.18 --n -1.76 -0.51 July August September Actual Difference from AverageActual Actual Difference from Average 0.280 . 0 8 0.12 0.09 0.88 0.02 0.61 0.24 0.68 Difference from .27210.__ 222 2.30 1.00 1.94 2.56 1.62 4.26 1.73 4.08 2.26 --i:g -0.26 -0.01 -0.76 ,1.17 -1.07 41.01 -0.30 1.31 1.75 12:8130 1411:.087884 1.78 2.81 -0.98 ;00.6318 _0.79 41.10 40.20 4.-.4n -1.21 -2.24 -1.32-::...576 5:43 -2.54 -2.02 a CD C.44 a a a a a 142 - a a a a 63 TOP SECRET 8-Z0009000?000V?601.0-6/dC1N-V10 : Z0/60/6661. eseeieN .10d peA0iddV K-SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/0 : CIARDP79-01093A000300060002-8 APPENDIX C SOURCES 1. This discussion of the famine is based on Otto Schiller, Die Krise der sozialistischen Landwirtschaft in der Sowjetunion, Berlin, 1933, pp. 5713; Naum Jasny, The Socialized Agriculture of the USSR, Stanford University Press, 1949, pp. 792-794; and Lazar Volin, A Survey of Soviet Russian Agriculture, Agricultural Monograph 5, US Department of Agriculture, 1951, p. 180. 2. Translated from Schiller, op. cit., p. 6. 3. Ibid., p. 7. 4. Dr. Max A. McCall: Data for Weapons System Evaluation Group (WSEG), pursuant to Three Questions Posed in Letter to Director, ORO, dated 18 Mar 1952, attached to letter of F.L. Weldon to Dr. Howard P. Robertson, Director of Research, WSEG, Office of the Secretary of Defense, dated 14 Apr 1952. 5. Ibid. 6. Ibid. -43 - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CJA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 ? SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 SECURITY INFORMATION PROVISIONAL INTELLIGENCE REPORT THE PATTERN OF LAND USE IN RELATION TO TARGET GRAINS IN THE USSR AND THE PROBABLE SPREAD OF STEM RUST ON CEREAL GRAINS CIA/RR PR-23 ANNEX TBE STATISTICAL BASIS INDICATING TBE LAND-USE PATTERN AND DISTRIBUTION OF GRAIN PRODUCTION IN SPECIFIED ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICTS OF TBE USSR CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Office of Research and Reports S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 CIA/RR PR-23 S-E-C-R-E-T SECURITY INFORMATION ' ANNEX Ta STATISTICAL BASIS INDICATING THE LAND-USE PATTERN AND DISTRIBUTION OF GRAIN PRODUCTION IN SPECIFIED ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICTS OF TRE USSR FOREWORD The varying land-use patterns of regions of European USSR and Asiatic USSR are indicated in the 99 tables that follow. Tables 1 to 87, inclusive, are devoted to European USSR, and Tables 88 to 99, inclusive, to Asiatic USSR. In each table the total area of each district is given, as well as the areas seeded to each of the target grains -- winter wheat, spring wheat, winter rye, barley, and oats -- and the total area seeded to these target grains, together with the percentage that each such area is of the total area of each district. The tables also give the production of each target grain and the total of these grains, as well as the percentage that each such production is of the total production of the corresponding grain in the USSR. The acreage figures used in the tables are based on the Soviet 1938 land-use pattern because 1938 is the.. last year for which reliable pub- lished data exist on a detailed regional basis. It is not believed that shifts in acreage have been sufficiently great during the past 14 years to render the 1938 figures invalid for the purposes of this analysis. Total acreage seeded to grain crops is not greatly different now in the USSR from what it was in 1938. The distribution by regions is much the same. There have been some shifts as between grains, such as a tendency to stress bread grains as against feed grains and to shift from rye to wheat in some areas, but generally the 1938 pattern is still thought to be a realistic one. There has been no shift in the weather pattern, so that the applica- tion of average yields to the 1938 acreage figures gives a production picture of what may be expected under normal conditions as well as furnishing a point of departure for comparing the effect of annual fluc- tuations in weather and in other growing conditions. S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 1 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (West): Transcarpathian Oblast ? (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 12,900 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat Spring Wheat Total Wheat Winter Rye Total Bread Grains Specified Feed Grains Barley Oats Total Specified Grains Area Seeded To All Grains To Other Crops Total 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) )..290.0 37.1 0.8 30.1 680 2.9 28.6 22.11 N.A. N.A. Percentage of Total Area 1000 2.8 0.6 2.42 2.3 0.2 2.2 L2 N.A. N.A. NAL 1938 Production Base .(Thousand. Metric Tons) 38.7 0.6 22a2 30.0 04.2 2.9 30.9 103t1 Percentage of 1938 Production Base 0.2 Negligible Negligible 0.1 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 2 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (West): Chernovtsy Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 8,1-OO Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Pase 840.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 76.0 9.0 75.8 0.4 Spring Wheat 6.4 0.7 4.7 Negligible Total Wheat gat& 2.1 80.5 QAR Winter Rye 50.5 6.0 46.7 0.2 Total Bread Grains lad 127.2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 29.4 3.5 28.1 0.3 Oats 21.9 2.6 24.1 0.1 Total Specified Grains 184.2 219 P.AZ Area Seeded To All Grains 291.6 34.7 To Other Crops 120.1 14.2 Total 42Al2 - 2 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 3 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (North): Kamenets-Podoltsk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 20,800 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base .080.0 loo.0 Winter Wheat 239.9 11.5 278.4 1.7 Spring Wheat 0.5 Negligible 0.4 Negligible Total Wheat Nagi 11.5 g78:4 Winter Rye 207.6 9.9 223.7 1.1 Total Bread Grains 448.0, 2.1.4 502.5 42,2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 126.5 6.0 126.5 1.3 Oats 123.7 5.9 133.6 0.8 Total Specified Grains 698_.2 /2A2 762.6 ' Area Seeded To All Grains 894.7 43.0 To Other Crops 444.0 21.3 Tota3 1,338.7 - 3 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 4 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (North): Vinnitsa Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 27,500 Square Kilometers) 1938 1938 Area Production Percentage Base Percentage Base of 1938 (Thousand of (Thousand Production Hectares) ,Total Area Metric Tons Base Total Area '2 750.0 Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 390.7 Spring Wheat 0.2 Total Wheat 390.9 Winter Rye 215.6 Total Bread Grains 606.5, Specified Feed Grains Barley 197.5 Oats 169.5 Total Specified Grains 973.5 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,223.8 To Other Crops 617.1 Total 14840.9 14.2 Negligible S-E-C-R-E-T uta. 7.8 22.0 44.5- N.A. 502.6 0.2 502.8 3.2 Negligible 260.0 1.3 762.8 219.2 2.4 188.1 1.1 1.170.1, 1.4 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 5 Region-r(Sutplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (North): Kiev Oblast. ' (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 41,100 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base I,110.1 100.0. Winter Wheat 385.9 ? 9.3 539.1 3.4 Spring Wheat 2.6 Negligible 2.3 Negligible Total Wheat =a5. -an& 541.4 Winter Rye 37.4 8.2 412.7 2.0 Total Bread: Grains 72.9 12.6 954.1 Specified Feed Grains Barley 210.0 ? 5.1 239.4 2.6 Oats 210.0 5.1 239.4 2.6 Total Specified Grains 1,145.9 ZZA 1.432.9 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,438.0 34.9 To Other Crops 673.2 16.3 Total 2,111.2 ?5? S-E -C -R-E -T - - - - - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Table 6 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (North): Poltava Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 34,300 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 3,430.0 1.9.24 Winter Wheat 420.8 12.2 483.4 3.0 Spring Wheat 110.1 3.2 96.9 0.5 Total Wheat 5.39.42 15.mk 580.3 Winter Rye 371.0 10.8 300.3 1.5 Total Bread Grains 901.9 2?-12. 880.6 142 Specified Feed Grains Barley 181.6 5.2 188.9 2.0 Oats 130.4 3.8 135.6 0.8 Total Specified Grains L2-13 k9 35.3 1.205.1 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,456.1 42.4 To Other Crops 630.8 18.3 Total g,086.9 LI& - 6 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 7 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (North): Kharikov Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 31,100 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 3.110.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 363.5 11.6 423.3 2.7 Spring Wheat 146,8 4.7 104.2 0.5 Total Wheat 16.L1L 527.5 Winter Rye 298.7 9.6 282.8 1.4 Total Bread Grains 809.0 aka 810.3 Specified Feed Grains Barley 165.5 5.3 127.4 1.3 . Oats 104.3 3.3 108.5 0.6 Total Specified Grains 1.078.8 31.6 1,046.2 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,244.7 40.0 To Other Crops 504.6 16.2 Total 1,749.3 5?4sa -7- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Table 8 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (North): Moldavian SSR (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 33,800 Square Kilometer) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 3.380.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 765.3 22.6 704.2 4.5 Spring Wheat 128.5 3.8 79.7 0.4 Total Wheat 893.8 26.4 783t9 Winter Rye 139..7 4.1 124.7 0.6 Total Bread Grains 1,033.5 /2A1 908.6, Specified Feed Grains Barley 287.0 8.4 252.6 2.7 Oats 23.2 0.6 25.5 0.1 Total Specified Grains 1?343.7 39.7 1.186.7 Area Seeded To All Grains 2,158.0 ? 63.8 To Other Crops 401.9 U.S Total 2,559.9 21.42 - 8 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 9 Region I (Surplus): - Winter 'Wheat and Barley Ukraine (South): Izmailt Oblast ,(Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 12,400 Square Kilometers) 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base Total Area 4,;240.0 100.0 Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 171.5 13.8 159.6 1.0 Spring Wheat 52.6 4.2 32.6 0.1 -Total Wheat R24.1 11,2 192.2 (2,1 Winter Rye 55.3 4.4 38.6 0.1 ? Total Bread Grains Specified Feed Grains 279.4 230.8 (LA Barley 251.9 20.3 206.4 2.2 Oats 23.2 1.8 19.7 0.1 Total Specified Grains 554.5 44.7 456.9 0.5 Area Seeded To All Grains 807.1 65.0 To Other Crops 39.0 3.1 Total 846.1 60.2 -9 S-E -C -R-E -T _ _ _ _ Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 10 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (South): Odessa Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 27,900 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand He Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 2.790.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 751.1 26.9 527.2 3.3 Spring Wheat 39.8 1.4 24.3 0.1 Total Wheat 790.9 a.1,1 551..5 Lb. Winter Rye 67.5 2.4 49.1 0.2 Total Bread Grains 058.4 6006 La. Specified Feed Grains Barley 255.2 9.1 214.4 2.3 Oats 50.0 1.7 43.5 0.2 Total Specified Grains 1.163.6 4142 858.5 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,328.2 47.6 To Other Crops 444.5 15.9 Total 1,772.7 63.5 - 10 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 11 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (South): Kirovograd Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 24,900 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 2,490.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 554.1 22.2 405.5 2.5 Spring Wheat 43.6 1.7 26.6 0.1 Total Wheat 597.7 &WI 4.31a la Winter Rye 137.0 5.5 105.1 0.5 Total Bread Grains 734.7 29.5 537.2 1.0 Specified Feed Grains Barley 182.9 7.3 153.6 1.6 Oats 69.1 2.7 60.1 0.3 Total Specified Grains 986.7 12,12. 750.9 (2,2 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,126.0 45.2 To Other Crops 440.7 17.6 Total 1,566.7 62,9 S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 12 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (South): Dnepropetrovsk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 32,600 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 100 ? 0 Winter Wheat 665.6 20.4 687.0 4.4 Spring Wheat 121.5 3.7 89.9 0.5 Total Wheat ALL &La 776.9 'Winter Rye 171.6 5.2 138.3 0 . 7 Total Bread Grains 958.7 .42,2 915.2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 200.6 6.1 184.6 2.0 Oats 62.0. 1.9 58.9 0.3 Total Specified Grains 1.221.2 37.4 1,158.7 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,415.4 43.4 To Other Crops 508.0 15.5 Total 1,923.4 52,2 - 12 -; S-E7C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 13 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (South): Nikolayev Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 19,500 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1.950.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 796.2 40.8 466.7 2.9 Spring Wheat 28.8 1.4 17.6 Negligible Total Wheat 825.0 asal 484.3 Winter Rye 55.9 2.8 35.3 0.1 Total Bread Grains 880.9 112?k Specified Feed Grains Barley 205.4 10.5 169.4 1.8 Oats 36.6 1.8 31.8 0.1 Total Specified Grains l,122.9 52.Z. 720.4 2s2 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,282.4 65.7 To Other Crops 513.4 26.3 Total 1 795.8 22..2 -13- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Table 14 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (South): Kherson Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 19)47, 27,500 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 20750.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 629.1 22.8 334.2 2.1 Spring Wheat 28.8 1.0 8.5 Negligible Total Wheat 657.9 23.9 3I2 .7 1,11, Winter Rye 45.5 1.6 21.1 0.1 Total Bread Grains 703.4 ale/ 363.8 g.t2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 222.7 8.0 143.3 1.5 Oats 35.6 1.2 9.3 Negligible Total Specified Grains 961.7 39 52L4 0 6 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,039.4 37.7 To Other Crops 367.5 13.3 Total 1.406.9 S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 15 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (South): Zaporozhlye Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 26,900 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 2,690.0 1000 Winter Wheat 730.3 27.1 689.6 4.4 Spring Wheat 43.6 1.6 32.3 0.1 Total Wheat 773.9 28.7 721.9 Winter Rye 53.1 1.9 36.0 0.1 Total Bread Grains 827.0, 12:1 7.5.24.2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 223.7 8.3 181.1 1.9 Oats 58.0 2.1 48.7 0.3 Total Specified Grains 1,108.7 41.2 987.7 Lig Area Seeded To All Grains 1,212.6 45.0 To Other Crops 401.2 14.9 Total 1,613.8 -15- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 16 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (South): Stalin() Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 26,500 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 . Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 2.650.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 367.9 13.8 399.6 2.5 Spring Wheat 184.6 6.9 131.1 0.7 Total Wheat 552.5 20.8 530.7 Winter Rye 86.4 3.2 64.1 0.3 Total Bread Grains 638.9 594.8 Specified Feed Grains Barley 169.9 6.4 147.8 1.6 Oats 73.5 2.7 67.6 0.4 Total Specified Grains 482.3, 33. 8102 1 0 Area Seeded To All Grains 992.4 37.4 To Other Crops 495.3 18.6 Total 1.487.7 56.1 - 2.6 S=E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02: CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 17 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (South): Voroshilovgrad Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 26,700 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area/ Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 2,670.0, Winter Wheat 301.5 11.2 348.0 2.2 Spring Wheat 184.0 6.8 127.0 0.7 Total Wheat 445.5 475.0 Winter Rye 120.7 4.5 95.9 0.4 Total Bread Grains 606.2 22.6 570.9 Specified Feed Grains Barley 159.6 5.9 129.3 1.4 Oats 70.9 2.6 65.2 0,4 Total Specified Grains 836.7 11A1 765.4 Area Seeded To All Grains 937.8 35.1 To Other Crops 342.5 12.8 Total l,280.3 42.a. -17- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 18 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley Ukraine (South): Crimea Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 26,000 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 2,600.0 11)9_,Q, Winter Wheat 479.6 18.4 429.9 2.7 Spring Wheat N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Total Wheat 1796 49.9 lag Winter Eye 3.6 0.1 2.2 Negligible Total Bread Grains h.83 .2 4)2.1 Specified Feed Grains Barley 7.8 138.7 1.5 Oats 49.0 1.8 36.8 0.2 Total Specified Grains 736.5 28.3 607.6, Q.22 Area Seeded To All Grains 780.9 30.0 To Other Crops 198.9 7.6 Total 979. 8 37.6 S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 19 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley North Caucasus: Krasnodar Kray (Total Area as of 1 June 1946, 85,000 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat Spring Wheat Total Wheat Winter Rye Total Bread Grains Specified Feed Grains Barley Oats Total Specified Grains Area Seeded To All Grains To Other Crops Total 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) 8.500.0, 1,370.9 149.4 1,520.3 5.4 1,525.7 669.5 168.0 2,363.2 2,609.0 1,228.7 Percentage of Total Area 100.0 16.1 1.7 12,2 Negligible 17.8 -19- 30.6 14.4 S-E-C-R-E-T _ _ _ _ _ _ 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) 1,418.8 133.0 1,551.8 5.2 1,557.0 562.3 176.4 2,295.7 Percentage of 1938 Production Base 9.0 0.7 4.,fa Negligible 2.21 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 20 Region I (Surplus); Winter Wheat and Barley North Caucasus: Stavropol, Kray (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 76,600 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousana Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 7.660.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 1,121.6 14.6 721.5 4.6 Spring Wheat 10.2 0.1 6.3 Negligible Total Wheat 1,131.8 727.8 Winter Rye 15.3 O.1 15.2 Negligible Total Bread Grains 1,147.1 743.0 1.2-4 Specified Feed Grains Barley 610.4 7.9 438.1 4.7 Oats 245.7 3.2 184.3 1.1 Total Specified Grains 2,003.2 aka 1,365.4 Area Seeded To All Grains 2,107.9 27.5 To Other Crops 1,032.6 13.4 Total 3,140.5 - 20 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 21 Region I (Surplus): Winter Wheat and Barley North Caucasus: Groznyy Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 33,000 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base lO0.0 Winter Wheat 93.3 2.8 51.3 0.3 Spring Wheat 2.6 Negligible 1.4 Negligible Total Wheat 95.9 52.7 QJ. Winter Rye 0.1 Negligible 0.1 Negligible Total Bread Grains 9.6.0 ga2 0 1 Specified Feed Grains Barley 14.2 0.4 12.8 0.1 Oats 21.4 0.6 19.7 0.1 Total Specified Grains 131.6 24.2 85.3 0 1 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total N.A. - 21 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 22 Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat North Caucasus: Dagestan ASSR (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 38,200 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base .820.0 100.0 Winter Wheat Spring Wheat 117.6 13.0 3.0 0.3 82.0 7.8 0.5 Negligible Total Wheat 130.6 fasa 0 2 Winter Rye 9.6 0.2 5.6 Negligible Total Bread Grains 140.2 25-a 2,1 Specified Feed Grains Barley 77.7 2.0 50.4 0,5 Oats 10.6 0.2 8.5 Negligible Total Specified Graina 228.5 5.2.2 154.3 gal Area Seeded To All Grains. 296.8 7.7 To Other Crops 48.9 1.2 Total 3h.5.7 - 22 - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 23 Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat Lower Don: Rostov Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 104,500 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 138 Production Base 10,450.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 730.8 6.9 450.7 2.8 Spring Wheat 1,010.1 9.6 585.9 3.2 Total Wheat 1,740.9 16,6 1,036.6 Winter Rye 500.8 4.7 218.8 1.1 Total Bread Grains 2,241.7 1,225.4 as& Specified Feed Grains Barley 738.1 7.0 568.0 6.2 Oats 151.4 1.4 84.8 0.5 Total Specified Grains 3,130.7 29.9 az& Area Seeded To All Grains 3,466.7 33.1 To Other Crops 1,168.6 11.1 Total 4,635.3 Uk.A.2 -23- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 24 Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat Lower Volga: Astrakhan' Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 92,200 Square Kilometers) 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production. Base Total Area 9,220.0 100.0 Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 24.4 0.3 6.7 Negligible Spring Wheat 28.3 0.3 10.8 Negligible Total Wheat 52.7 0 6 17.5 Negligible Winter Rye 42.7 0.5 10.2 Negligible Total Bread Grains 95.4 27.7 Negligible Specified Feed Grains Barley 16.0 0.2 6.4 Negligible Oats 14.0 0.1 5.5 Negligible Total Specified Grains X25.4 Negligible 422.2.6 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total N.A. N.A. - 211- - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 25 Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat Lower Volga: Stalingrad Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 127,200 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production ' Base 12,720.0 1000 Winter Wheat 123.2 1.0 75.9 0.5 Spring Wheat 1,816.4 14.3 926.4 5.2 Total Wheat 1,939.6 152 X,002.3 .2.111 Winter Rye 964.2 7.6 580.0 2.9 Total Bread Grains Z?903.8 Specified Feed Grains Barley 318.9 2.5 229.6 2.5 Oats 167.1 1.3 115.3 0.7 Total Specified Grains 3,3890 1.927_.2 Area Seeded To All Grains 3,654.6 28.7 To Other Crops 808.5 6.4 Total 4.463.1 35.1 -25 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 26 Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat Middle Volga: Saratov Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 102,300 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 10.230.0 1c)a.2 Winter Wheat 63.0 0.6 51.0 0.3 Spring Wheat - 1,552.9 15.2 792.0 4.4 Total Wheat 1.615.9 11,1 843.0 Winter Rye 856.0 8.4 567.9 2.9 Total Bread Grains 2,471.9 24.2 1,410.a. Specified Feed Grains Barley 171.2 1.6 83.9 0.9 Oats 313.5 3.1 191.2 1.2 Total Specified Grains 2.956.6 28.9 16860 2.1 Area Seeded To All Grains 3,278.2 32.0 To Other Crops 617.2 6.0 Total 3,895.4 38.1 -26- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 27 Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat Middle Volga: Ullyanovsk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 37,200 Square Kilometers) 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base Total Area Specified Bread Grains ',720.0 100t0 -Winter Wheat 25.9 0.7 16.9 0.1 Spring Wheat 906.2 24.4 476.3 2.7 Total Wheat 222a1 25.0 421,2 1.t.1 Winter Rye 467.5 12.6 359.7 1.8 Total Bread Grains 1.399.6 2z,s2 82.9 1 6 Specified Feed Grains Barley 25.1 0.7 16.6 0.2 Oats 273.9 7.4 166.1 1.0 Total Specified Grains 14698.6 4.L.2 1,035.6 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total N.A. N.A. - 27 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 28 Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat Middle Volga: Kuybyshev Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 53,900 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 5,390.0 l00.0 1.2 Negligible 2.0 Negligible Spring Wheat 1,312.2 24.4 219.2 1.2 Total Wheat 1,31.4.2 24.4 220.4 12,2 Winter Rye 450.0 8.3 275.4 1.4 Total Bread Grains 1,764.2 32-A2 495.8 Specified Feed Grains Barley 54.0 1.0 24.0 0.3 Oats 423.9 7.9 84.0 0.5 Total Specified Grains 2,244,?1 ALS! 603.8 0 8 Area Seeded To All Grains 2,612.4 48.5 To Other Crops 634.3 11.8 Total 3,246.7 60.2 -28- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 . Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 29 Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat Urals: Chkalov Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 122,800 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base. (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 12,280.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 7.7 0.1 5.7 Negligible Spring Wheat 1,758.6 14.3 1,020.0 5.7 Total Wheat ;.,766.3 1,025.7 Winter Rye 596.0 4.8 333.5 1.7 Total Bread Grains 2,36s3 19,2 1.359.2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 108.5 0.9 61.8 0.7 Oats 374.2 3.0 220.8 1.4 Total Specified Grains 2.845.0 &La X.641.8 Area Seeded To All Grains 3,086.8 25.1 To Other Crops 474.3 3.8 Total 3,561.1 28.9 -29- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 30 Region II (Surplus): Spring Wheat Urals: Bashkir ASSR (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 143,500 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 14,350.0 100.0 11.7 0.1 15.9 0.1 Spring Wheat 1,056.0 7.4 739.2 4.1 Total Wheat 1,071.9 7.5 750.9 2.2 Winter Rye 850.3 5.9 737.4 3.7 Total Bread Grains 1,922.2 13.4 11_11L.J., 2.8 Specified Feed Grains Barley 31.8 0.2 24.2 0.3 Oats 661.7 4.6 496.3 3.1 Total Specified Grains 2,615.7 18.2 ?_008 8 2.6 Area Seeded To All Grains 3,012.1 20.9 To Other Crops 483.4 3.3 Total 3,495.5 24.3 -30- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E -C-R-E-T Table 31 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Ukraine (West): LIvov Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 11,100 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Productipn Base 1,110.0 100)0 Winter Wheat 104.6 9.4 109.3 0.7 Spring Wheat 9.7 0.8 7.8 Negligible Total Wheat ;14.3 10.2 117.1 Winter Rye 122.0 10.9 103.3 0.5 Total Bread Grains 236.3 2141 220.4 0.4 Specified Feed Grains Barley 46.4 4.1 43.0 0.4 Oats 83.0 7.4 93.8 0.5 Total Specified Grains 365.7 32.9 35L Z 0.4 Area Seeded To All Grains 393.5 35.4 To Other Crops 189.9 17.1 Total 583.4 52.5 - 31 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 32 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Ukraine (West): Stanislav Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 13,900 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1,390,0 100:0 Winter Wheat Spring Wheat 77.9 6.0 5.6 0.4 81.4 4.6 0.5 Negligible Total Wheat 83.9 86.0 0 2 Winter Rye 96.6 6.9 95.6 0.4 Total Bread Grains 180.5 129 181.6 Specified Feed Grains Barley 23.2 1.6 23.2 0.2 Oats 60.4 4.3 65.2 0.4 Total Specified Grains 264.1 19,0 27o.o. C.4,1 Area Seeded To All Grains 319.8 23.0 To Other Crops 165.1 11.8 Total 484.9 -32- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 33 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Ukraine (West): Drogobych Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 10,400 Square Kilometers) 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1,040.0 100.0, Winter Wheat 50.2 4.8 52.5 0.3 Spring Wheat 5.0 0.4 4.0 Negligible Total Wheat 55.2 5.3 56.5 0.1 Winter Rye 89.1 8.5 87.6 0.4 Total Bread Grains 144.3 13,8 144.1 (2,2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 21.0 2.0 20.5 0.2 Oats 98.0 9.4 105.8 0.6 Total Specified Grains 263.3 ?la 270.4 (2.2 Area Seeded To All Grains 275.4 26.4 To Other Crops 141.5 13.6 Total 416.9 40.0 -33- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 34 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Ukraine (West): Volyn Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 19,900 Square Kilometers) 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of /938 Production Base To?1,1 Area 1,990_.0 L00.o Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 108.4 5.4 116.4 0.7 Spring Wheat 22.1 1.1 17.9 Negligible Total Wheat 1/2,2 g!?1, 134.3 Winter Rye 225.3 11.3 192.3 0.9 Total Bread Grains 355.8 17.21 326.6 0 6 Specified Feed Grains Barley 59.3 2.9 55.6 0.6 Oats 83.6 4.2 94.5 0.5 Total Specified Grains 498.7 2542 476.7 Q.E1 Area Seeded To All Grains 535.5 26.9 To Other Crops 197.2 9.9 Total 732.7 36.8 - 34- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 35 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Ukraine (West): Rovno Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 20,600 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat Spring Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 2,060.0 10010 89.6 13.6 0.5 Negligible 83.4 16.8 4.0 0.8 Total Wheat 100.a 103-2 Winter Rye 191.2 9.2 163.3 0.8 Total Bread Grains 291.4 14.0 a(1.1.4.2 11,1 Specified Feed Grains Barley 60.9 2.9 57.2 0.6 Oats 102.6 4.9 115.9 0.7 Total Specified Grains 454.9 22.0 439.6 Area Seeded To All Grains 508.7 24.6 To Other Crops 193.8 9.4 Total 702.5 14,1 -35- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 36 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Ukraine (West): Ternopol' Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947? 13,700 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (ThOusand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1,370.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 186.1 13.5 203.3 1.3 Spring Wheat 17.1 1.2 13.7 Negligible Total Wheat ,203.2 217.0 0 6 Winter Rye 201.7 14.7 172.3 0.8 Total Bread Grains 404.9 29.5 389.3 Q2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 116.0 8.4 108.6 1.1 Oats 104.8 7.6 118.4 0.7 Total Specified Grains 625.7 4.5,62 616.3 Area Seeded To All Grains 755.9 55.1 To Other Crops 253.4 18.4 Total 1,009.3 -36- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 37 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Ukraine (North): Zhitomir Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 30,000 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938, Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base )?000.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 139.3 4.6 150.6 0.9 Spring Wheat 4.6 0.1 3.7 Negligible Total Wheat 143.9 4A2 .3 Winter Rye 288.2 9.6 257.9 1.3 Total Bread Grains 432.1 412.2, 0 8 Specified Feed Grains Barley 105.7 3.5 99.4 1.0 Oats 143.5 4.7 162.2 1.0 Total Specified Grains 681.3 22..2 673.8 Q.Ag Area Seeded To All Grains 845.6 28.1 To Other Crops 390.5 13.0 Total 1.236,1 Alaa -37- S-E-C-R-E-T _ _ _ _ _ Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 38 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Ukraine (North): Chernigov Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 31,600 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat Spring Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1,1s2u2 66.9 17.0 1000 78.2 16.2 0.5 Negligible 2.1 0.5 Total Wheat 83 Zak Winter Rye 399.9 12.6 273.8 1.3 Total Bread Grains 483.8 15.2 )68.2 2,2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 95.0 3.0 90.2 0.9 Oats 160.1 5.0 110.5 0.6 Total Specified Grains 738.9 21.2 568.9 Area Seeded To All Grains 985.3 31.1 To Other Crops 460.9 14.5 Total 1,446.2 41,2 -38- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 39 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Ukraine (North): Sumy Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 24,400 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 2,440,0 100.0 Winter Wheat 161.3 6.6 194.6 1.2 Spring Wheat 56.0 2.2 49.3 0.2 Total Wheat 2.1a0 243.9 9-12 Winter Rye 293.7 12.0 246.1 1.2 Total Bread Grains 11129. 20.9 490.0 QA2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 90.4 3.7 83.2 0.9 Oats 132.8 5.4 119.5 0.7 Total Specified Grains 734.2 (11,2 692.7 0 8 Area Seeded To All Grains 933.2 38.2 To Other Crops 381.1 15.6 Total 1,386.0 56 -39- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 40 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Central Black Soil: Bryansk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 34,700 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 3.470.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 27.4 0.8 28.9 0.2 Spring Wheat 70.0 2.0 64.4 0.4 Total Wheat 27.4k 2,,L3 93.3 .94.2 Winter Rye 419.7 12.1 295.0 1.5 Total Bread Grains 517.1 388.3 Specified Feed Grains Barley Oats 52.0 268.3 1.4 7.7 44.2 . 209.3 0.5 1.3 Total Specified Grains 827.4 24.1 61.1.8 9.?.4 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total NAL S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 41 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye ana Oats Central Black Soil: Kursk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 50,800 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat Spring Wheat Total Wheat Winter Rye 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 5,080.0 100.0 431.0 174.5 2.8 1.0 Lg. 3.6 360.6 185.6 546.2 7.1 3.7 734.0 14.4 710.8 Total Bread Grains 14280.2 1*316.3 Specified Feed Grains Barley 168.7 3.3 148.5 1.6 Oats 403.8 7.9 371.5 2.3 Total Specified Grains 1,852.7 36.5 1.836.3 2.L.1 Area Seeded To All Grains 2,212.0 43.5 To Other Crops 757.7 14.9 Total 2,969.7 511 S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 42 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Central Black Soil: Orel Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 31,600 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 3.160.0 1000 Winter Wheat 96.3 3.0 109.4 0.7 Spring Wheat 83.3 2.6 73.3 0.4 Total Wheat 122.e.(2 5-s.2 18 .7 Winter Rye 433.8 13.7 349.0 1.8 Total Bread Grains 613.4 =Ai Specified Feed Grains Barley 20.0 0.6 12.4 0.1 Oats 182.0 5.7 142.0 0.9 Total Specified Grains 815.4 686.1 (2,2 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,171.5 37.1 To Other Crops 889.8 28.2 Total 2,061.3 45.2 -42 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP7901093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 43 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Central Black Soil: Voronezh Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 68,400 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 6,40.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 415.0 6.1 40.6.6 2.6 Spring Wheat 479.4 7.0 311.6 1.7 Total Wheat 894.4 13.1 2-11ca Winter Rye 741.1 10.8 648.9 3.3 Total Bread Grains 1,635.5 23.9 1.367.1 2 6 Specified Feed Grains Barley 135.3 2.0 83.9 0.9 Oats 331.4 4.8 281.7 1.8 Total Specified Grains RJ102.2 1,732.7 aLa Area Seeded To All Grains 2,488.1 36.4 To Other Crops 1,009.7 14.8 Total 3,497.8 51.1 S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 44 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Central Black Soil: Tambov Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 34,300 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) 2ercentage of 1938 Production Base 3,430.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 153.1 4.5 173.6 1.1 Spring Wheat 146.9 4.3 135.1 0.8 Total Wheat X0.0 20.A2 CL.2. Winter Rye 554.8 16.2 546.9 2.8 Total Bread Grains 854.8 24.9 855.6 1.6 Specified Feed Grains Barley 9.8 0.3 10.3 0.1 Oats 299.7 8.7 284.7 1.8 Total Specified Grains 1,164.3 33.9 1-150.6 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,472.0 42.9 To Other Crops 487.0 14.2 Total 1,959.0 57.1 S-E-C-R-E-T , Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 45 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Central Black Soil: Penza Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 43,300 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 4,330t0 100.0 Winter Wheat 71.1 1.6 68.8 9.4 Spring Wheat 304.5 7.0 194.9 1.0 Total Wheat 375.6 8 6 263.7 QAZ Winter Rye 591.1 13.6 498.2 2.5 Total Bread Grains 11,26 aLa 761.9 Specified Feed Grains Barley 20.0 0.4 14.8 0.2 Oats 423.1 9.7 300.4 1.8 Total Specified Grains 1,409.8 32.5 1,077.1 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,788.4 41.3 To Other Crops 422.2 9.7 Total 2,210.6 - 14-5 - S-E-C-R-E-T _ Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 46 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Central Black Soil: Mordvin ASSR (Total Area as of 1 January 1947 26,100 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat Spring Wheat Total Wheat Winter Rye Total Bread Grains Specified Feed Grains Barley Oats Total Specified Grains Area Seeded To All Grains To Other Crops Total 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectarel 21610.0 28.3 151.3 ).79.6 316.4 496.0 5.7 218.1 891.6 236.3 1,127.9 Percentage of of Total Area 00.0 S-F-C-R-E-T _ _ _ _ 0.2 8.3 aza 34.1 9.0 Alak 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) 33.8 104.4 138.2 290.4 428.0 4.3 163.6 596.5 Percentage of 1938 Production Base 0.2 0.5 Negligible 1.0 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T _ Table 47 Region III-A (Surplus): Winter Rye and Oats Upper Volga: Tatar ASSR (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 67,600 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 6.760.0 ;.00J0 10.9 0.1 14.9 0.2 Spring Wheat 556.3 8.2 322.6 1.8 . Total Wheat 571.2 .11.L4 333.5 1 0 Winter Rye 1,020.3 15.1 817.7 4.1 Total Bread Grains 1,591.5 23.5 2..ta Specified Feed Grains Barley 28.7 0.4 22.4 0.2 Oats 588.6 8.7 364.9 2.3 Total Specified Grains 2.?08.8 lad 1.538.5 Area Seeded To All Grains 2,670.3 39.5 To Other Crops 567.3 8.4 Total 3.237.6 4742 S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 48 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Belorussian SSR: Grodno Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 13,000 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1,300.0 1912,c2 Winter Wheat 9.6 0.7 7.7 Negligible Spring Wheat 6.5 0.5 4.5 Negligible Total Wheat 16.1 1 2 ia??. Negligible Winter Rye 155.5 11.9 116.2 0.6 Total Bread Grains 171.0 13.1 128.4 0 2 Specified Feed Grains Barley Oats 32.3 67.4 2.5 5.2 24.2 43.8 0.3 0.3 Total Specified Grains 270.7 20.8. .96.4 Area Seeded To All Grains 292.9 22.5 To Other Crops 129.0 9.9 Total 421.9 32.4 -48- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 49 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats . Belorussian SSR: Pinsk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 16,300 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1,630.0 1000 Winter Wheat 2.9 0.1 2.8 Negligible Spring Wheat 1.8 0.1 1.3 Negligible Total Wheat 4.L2 p_La eligible Winter Rye 89.0 5.4 75.4 0.3 Total Bread Grains 93.7 5-1.f2 2221 Specified Feed Grains Barley 10.0 0.6 8.5 Negligible Oats 31.0 1.9 27.6 0.1 Total Specified Grains 134.7 8.2 115.6 0 1 Area Seeded To All Grains 149.9 9.1 ,To Other Crops 81.1 4.9 Total 231.0 34.1 -49- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 50 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Belorussian SSR: Brest Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 13,500 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat Spring Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1,350.0 1000 11.5 5.3 Negligible Negligible 12.5 7.3 0.9 0.5 Total Wheat 12,1 16.8 Fealigible Winter Rye 143.0 10.5 115.5 0.5 Total Bread Grains 162.8 11.9 132.3 02 Specified Feed Grains Barley 21.2 1.5 16.5 0.1 Oats 51.7 3.8 35.2 0.2 Total Specified Grains 235.7 17.4 184.0 0 2 Area Seeded To All Grains 251.3 18.6 To Other Crops 106.6 7.8 Total 357.9 26.5 -50- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 51 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Belorussian SSR: Molodechno Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 13,700 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1,370.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 7.6 0.5 4.2 Negligible Spring Wheat 12.8 0.9 3.4 Negligible Total Wheat aka 1.LA zL Negligible Winter Rye 168.5 12.2 97.o 0.4 Total Bread Grains 188.9 13.6 104.6 0.2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 36.3 2.6 25.6 0.2 Oats 81.5 5.9 53.9 0.3 Total Specified Grains 306.7 gaa 184.1 0 2 Area Seeded To All Grains 335.0 24.4 To Other Crops 163.9 11.9 Total 498.9 1LA -51- S -E -0 -R -E -T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 52 Region IIT-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Belorussian SSR: Baranovichi Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 14,800 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1,480.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 5.6 03 7.2 Negligible Spring Wheat 5.2 0.3 9.2 Negligible Total Wheat 16.1. PegliRible Winter Rye 150.6 10.1 129.0 0.6 Total Bread Grains 10 8 145.4 2.1.2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 37.1 2.5 28.3 0.3 Oats 82.9 5.6 58.7 0.3 Total Specified Grains 281.4 19.0 232.4 o 2 Area Seeded To All Grains 305.1 20.6 To Other Crops 151.3 10.2 Total 451.4 30.8 - 52- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 53 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Belorussian SSR: Polotsk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 18,000 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1,800.0 100 .0 Winter Wheat 13.9 0.8 9.8 0.1 Spring Wheat 15.8 0.9 9.6 0.1 Total Wheat as.A.7 1:2 ;14 Winter Rye 143.7 8;0 86.0 0.4 Total Bread Grains 12.3.ak 105.4 0 2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 35.6 2.0 23.1 0.3 Oats 88.8 4.9 57.7 0.3 Total Specified Grains 297.8 16.5 1862 0 2 Area Seeded To All Grains 320.5 17.8 To Other Crops 494.8 27.4 Total MAJ. -53- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 54 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Belorussian SSR: Vitebsk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 19600 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of. Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1.938 Production Base ;,960.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 14.0 10.8 0.1 Spring Wheat 19.8 1.0 13.7 0.1 Total Wheat 33.8 1J-7 0 1 Winter Rye 118.0 6.0 74.3 0.4 Total Bread Grains La& 2.22 91,1 Q.16.a Specified Feed Grains Barley 40.5 2.1 27.9 0.3 Oats 81.8 4.2 60.5 0.4 Total Specified Grains 274.1 Ursil 1872 2,6a Area Seeded To All Grains 297.8 15.1 To Other Crops Total 165.4 463.2 23.60.7 8.4 -54- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09h02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T _ _ _ _ _ _ Table 55 Region (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Belorussian SSR: Mogilev Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 20,700 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons Percentage of 1938 Production Base 2,070.0 1_91),,c2 Winter Wheat 6.8 0.3 5.7 Negligible Spring Wheat 37.2 1.8 30.5 0.2 Total Wheat 24.1 12.?2 Winter Rye 191.4 9.2 135.7 0.7 Total Bread Grains 235.4 114.2 171.9 Specified Feed Grains Barley 59.0 2.8 44.2 0.5 Oats 88.4 4.3 71.6 0.4 Total Specified Grains J82.8 11,1 28Z-7 Q.L.4 Area Seeded To All Grains 429.0 20.7 To Other Crops 196.0 9.4 Total 625.0 .30.1 -55- S-E-C-R-E-T _ _ _ Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 56 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Belorussian SSR: Minsk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 20,800 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base Winter Wheat Spring Wheat 18.4 24.3 0.9 1.2 17.0 17.2 0.1 0.1 Total Wheat 42.7 2 1 QA Winter Rye 155.5 7.5 105.4 0.5 Total Bread Grains 198.2 139.6 Specified Feed Grains Barley 39.5 1.9 30.8 0.3 Oats 85.7 4.1 64.3 0.4 Total Specified Grains 323.4 15.5 234.7 (.1,1 Area Seeded To All Grains 351.1 16.8 To Other Crops 165.0 7.9 Total 516.1 24.8 -56- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 57 Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Belorussian SSR: Bobruysk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 19,700 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base .,970.0 1000 Winter Wheat 12.3 0.6 11.4 0.1 Spring Wheat 23.4 1.2 16.6 0.1 Total Wheat 25.,2 1 8 28.0 Qi Winter Rye 145.4 7.4 100.7 0.5 Total Bread Grains 181.1 128.7 2,2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 37.9 1.9 30.3 0.3 Oats . 69.6 3.5 55.7 0.3 Total Specified Grains 288.6 14,12 24.7 . Q.2.1 Area Seeded To All Grains 321.5 16.3 To Other Crops 148.4 7.5 Total 462,9 22,_8 - 57 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 58 Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Belorussian SSR: Gomel' Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 15,800 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1,580.0 100.0 5.4 Negligible 6.1 0.4 Spring Wheat 23.3 1.5 19.1 0.1 Total Wheat 29.4 142 0 1 Winter Rye 143.4 9.1 110.8 0.6 Total Bread Grains 172,8 1142 125.3 Specified Feed Grains Barley 33.8 2.1 28.4 0.3 Oats 46.9 3,0 39.4 0.2 Total Specified Grains 253.5 16.0 203.1 Area Seeded To All Grains 305.0 19.3 To Other Crops 171.4 10.8 Total i2L.4 30.1 -58- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 59 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Belorussian SSR: Poles 'ye Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 21,700 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 2,170.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 9.0 0.4 8.3 Negligible Spring Wheat 9.8 0.4 7.0 Negligible Total Wheat 18.8 0 8 15.3 Nealigible Winter Rye 103.2 4.8 79.2 0.4 Total Bread Grains la& 0 2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 16.8 0.8 14.8 0.2 Oats 26.5 1.2 23.3 0.1 Total Specified Grains 1.(21,1 Zai) ;32.6 Qa Area Seeded To All Grains 202.9 9.3 To Other Crops 91.2 4.2 Total 294.1 12.1 -59- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 60 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Belorussian SSR: Kaliningrad Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 15,800 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1.580.0 100.0 Winter Wheat . 25.9 1.6 54.7 0.3 Spring Wheat 3.9 0.2 7.7 Negligible Total Wheat 29.8 LiA4 0 1 Winter Rye 114.3 7.2 237.8 1.2 Total Bread Grains 144,1 2.1.1 300.2 (2,1 Specified Feed Grains Barley 41.7 2.6 89.6 0.9 Oats 57.0 3.6 118.3 0.7 Total Specified Grains 2h.2.8 508.1 0 6 Area Seeded To All Grains 314.7 19.9 To Other Crops 261.3 16.5 Total 576.0 -6o- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 61 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Baltic: Lithuanian SSR (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 80,900 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectare) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 8,090.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 156.7 1.9 206.1 1.3 Spring Wheat 60.6 -0.7 45.2 0.2 Total Wheat 17.3 251.3 2,22 Winter Rye 689.4 8.5 623.7 3.1 Total Bread Grains 24.2 114 875,0 Specified Feed Grains Barley 246.0 3.0 274.0 3.0 Oats 413.1 5.1 420.0 2.6 Total Specified Grains 1,565.8 12.162 1,569.0 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,771.6 21.8 To Other Crops 881.5 10.8 Total g,653.1 .3242 -61- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 62 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Baltic: Latvian SSR (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 63,600 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 6,360.0 OO .0 Winter Wheat 71.1 1.1 113.2 0.7 Spring Wheat 73.5 1.1 78.7 0.4 Total Wheat 2A2, 191.9 2,1 Winter Rye 302.0- 4.7 378.7 1.9 Total Bread Grains 446.6 LQ 570.6 1-21-0 Specified Feed Grains Barley 177.9 2.7 220.6 2.4 Oats 347.9 5.4 446.6 2.7 Total Specified Grains 972.4 15.2 1,237.8 Area Seeded To Al]. Grains 1,091.6 17.1 To Other Crops 870.2 13.6 Total 1,961.8 30.8 -62- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T ????? ????? ?xlm. Table 63 Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Baltic: Estonian SSR (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 45,100 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 4,510.0 100.0, Winter Wheat 28.8 0.6 44.5 0.2 Spring Wheat 42.3 0.9 41.0 0.2 Total Wheat 71.1 1.21 85.5 gAa Winter Rye 147.8 3.2 188.0 0.9 Total Bread Grains 218.9 &AA 2735 Specified Feed Grains Barley 87.7 1.9 96.7 1.0 Oats 148.9 3.3 176.5 1.0 Total Specified Grains 455.5 10.0 546.7 Area Seeded To All Grains 544.4 12.0 To Other Crops 351.8 7.8 Total 8964 19.8 -63- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 64 Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Northwest: Pskov Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 31,700 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 3,170.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 2.1 Negligible 1.5 Negligible Spring Wheat 6.0 0.1 3.7 Negligible Total Wheat gul 0 2 Winter Rye 40.0 1.2 28.5 0.1 Total Bread Grains 33.7 liggligible Specified Feed Grains Barley ' 9.0 0.2 6.4 Negligible Oats 86.9 2.7 66.9 0.4 Total Specified Grains 144.0 107.0 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total ILL. - 64 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T _ _ _ _ _ Table 65 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Northwest: Novgorod Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 53,700 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 5,370,0 Nu?. Winter Wheat 56.2 1.0 39.5 0.2 Spring Wheat 34.0 0.6 20.4 0.1 Total Wheat 90.2 lab4 59.9 Winter Rye 173.8 3.2 117.2 0.5 Total Bread Grains 264.0 4,42 177.1 Specified Feed Grains Barley 41.0 0.7 33.2 0.3 Oats 126.4 2.3 93.5 0.5 Total Specified Grains 431.4 8 0 303.8 P.A.2 Area Seeded To All Grains To Other Crops Total N.A. N.A. L. -65- S-E-C-R-E-T N.A. N.A. N.A. Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 66 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Industrial Concentration B: Kalinin Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 66,000 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 6.kaas2 100.0 Winter Wheat 50.4 0.8 37.7 0.2 Spring Wheat 52.0 0.8 39.0 0.2 Total Wheat ;.02.4 Lk. 2642 Winter Rye 279.9 4.2 194.3 1.0 Total Bread Grains 382.3 5-sg. 271.0 itt.2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 52.0 0.8 42.1 0.5 Oats 260.0 3.9 213.2 1.3 Total Specified Grains 694.3 10 5 52.643 0 6 Area Seeded To All Grains 778.6 11.8 To Other Crops 1,009.4 15.3 Total 1.788.0 22=1 -66- S-E-C-RE-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 67 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Central European USSR: Velikiye Luki Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 44,900 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 4,490.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 31.8 0,7 21.7 0.1 Spring Wheat 34.0 0.8 19.0 0.1 Total Wheat 4S1.2.2 Winter Rye 184.2 4.1 120.8 0.6 Total Bread Grains g50.0 111.1 g.42 Specified Feed Grains Barley 38.5 0.9 25.0 0.3 Oats 173.0 3.9 122.8 0.8 Total Specified Grains 461.5 10.3 309.3 9_1.4 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total -67- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E -C.-R-E -T - - - - - - Table 68 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Industrial Concentration B: Smolensk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 49,000 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 4,900.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 15.1 0.3 12.7 0.1 Spring Wheat 51.5 1.1 44.8 0.2 Total Wheat 66.6 57.5 9. -La Winter Rye 437.6 8.9 351.0 1.8 Total Bread Grains 504.2 12,/ 468.5 0 8 Specified Feed Grains Barley 65.8 1.3 54.0 0.6 Oats 347.4 7.1 302.2 1.9 Specified Grains 917.4 18.7 764.7 ,Total Area Seeded To All Grains 1,009.5 20.6 To Other Crops 955.7 19.5 Total 1,965.2 42,1 -68- S-E -C -R-E -T _ _ _ _ _ _ Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 69 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Industrial Concentration B: Kaluga Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 29,800 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat Spring Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 2,980.0 100.0 47.0 47.2 0.3 0-3 52.6 63.0 1.8 2.1 Total Wheat 115. %A& ita Winter Rye 143.2 4.8 84.3 0.4 Total Bread Grains 258.8 178.5 9,1 Specified Feed Grains Barley 16.1 0.5 10.0 0.1 Oats 135.0 4.5 95.8 0.6 Total Specified Grains 409.9 12../1 284.3 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total N.A. N.A. -69- S-E-C-R-E-T _ _ _ _ _ _ Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 70 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Industrial Concentration B: Moscow Oblast (Total Area as of 1 June 1944, 55,000 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 5,500.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 79.7 1.4 57.2 0.4 Spring Wheat 26.6 0,4 20.0 0.1 Total Wheat 106.3 1.A.2 77.2 0.2 Winter Rye 138.3 2.5 97.0 0.5 Total Bread Grains 244.6 174.2 .Q.L2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 2.4 Negligible 1.7 Negligible Oats 255.7 4.6 217.3 1.4 Total Specified Grains 502.7 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total N.A. -70- S-E-C-R-E-T - - - - Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 71 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Industrial Concentration B: Tula Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1944, 31,900 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base .3,190.0 100,0 Winter Wheat 124.8 3.9 137.5 0.9 Spring Wheat 84.0 2.6 48.7 0.3 Total Wheat 208.8 186.2 0 6 Winter Rye 390.3 12.2 308.3 1.6 Total Bread Grains 599.1 18.7 494.5 2.12 Specified Feed Grains Barley 2.7 Negligible 2.2 Negligible Oats 337.8 10.5 293.9 1.8 Total Specified Grains 939.6 29.4 790.6 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,099.7 34.4 To Other Crops 578.6 24.0 Total 1,678.3 52.6 -71- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 72 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Industrial Concentration B: Ryazan' Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 43,900 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 - Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 4,390.0 1000 Winter Wheat 157.1 1.6 189.6 1.2 Spring Wheat 107.4 2.4 98.8 0.6 Total Wheat 264.5 6 0 48.4 Q.L.9. Winter Rye 647.2 14.7 604.5 3.1 Total Bread Grains 911.7 2.9.42 892.9 Specified Feed Grains Barley 3.7 0.1 3.6 Negligible Oats 434.1 9.9 382.0 2.4 Total Specified Grains 1,349.5 30.7 .,278.5 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,598.8 36.4 To Other Crops 675.0 15.3 Total 2,271,8 51.7 -72- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 73 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Industrial Concentration B: Vladimir Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 26,800 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 2,680.0 Winter Wheat 54.7 2.0 Spring Wheat 52.4 2.0 Total Wheat 2,(22,1 44:a Winter Rye 155.8 5.8 Total Bread Grains 262.9 9.8 Specified Feed Grains Barley 4.0 0.1 Oats 153.3 5.7 Total Specified Grains ala.a 15.7 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total 11.40. LILL -73- S-E-C-R-E-T 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) 54.6 33.5 au 106.6 194.7 3.3 125.7 )23.7 Percentage of 1938 Production Base 0.4 0.2 2.1.2 0.5 o.4 Negligible 0.8 2,1k Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 74 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Industrial Concentration B: Ivanovo Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 24,600 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 2,460.0 ;00.0 Winter Wheat 25.7 1.0 23.8 0.2 Spring Wheat 14.2 0.6 8.7 Negligible Total Wheat 1.2.2 32.5. gal Winter Rye 112.9 4.6 76.3 0.4 Total Bread Grains 52.8 ;.08.8 Specified Feed Grains Barley 6.0 0.2 4.9 Negligible Oats 106.0 4.3 81.6 0.5 Total Specified Grains z.6u 10.8 125.3 Area Seeded To All Grains 346.1 14.0 To Other Crops 484.5 19.6 Total 030.6 33.7 S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T _ _ _ Table 75 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Industrial Concentration B: Yaroslavl' Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 36,900 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1,122?s2 100.0 Winter Wheat 40.2 1.1 34.5 0.2 Spring Wheat 59.8 1.6 47.8 0.3 Total Wheat 100.0, RAZ Aga c1,2 Winter Rye 81.5 2.2 68.0 0.3 Total Bread Grains 181.5 4.A2. Specified Feed Grains Barley 4.0 0.1 3.7 Negligible Oats 98.6 2.7 85.8 0.5 Total Specified Grains 284.1 Li 2398 Area Seeded To All Grains 315.2 8.5 To Other Crops 528.7 14.3 Total 813.9 22.8, -75- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 76 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Industrial Concentration B: Kostroma Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 58,000 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 5.800.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 40.0 0.7 34.2 0.2 Spring Wheat 60.4 1.0 32.6 0.2 Total Wheat 100,4 66 8 0 2 Winter Rye 166.0 2.9 113.8 0.6 Total Bread Grains 266.4 &Lk 180.6 2,1 Specified Feed Grains Barley Oats 50.7 260.0 0.9 4.5 38.5 184.6 0.4 1.1 Total Specified Grains 577.1 10.0 403.7 2,1 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. Total -76- S-E-C-R-E-T _ _ _ _ _ Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 77 Region III?B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Industrial Concentration B: Gortkiy Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 75,400 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 7,540.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 102.4 1.4 101.0 0.6 Spring Wheat 139.9 1.8 86.7 0.5 Total Wheat 242.3 LZ 187,7 0 6 Winter Rye . 576.2 7.6 406.6 2.0 Total Bread Grains 818.5 10.8 594.3 Specified Feed Grains Barley 13,1 0.2 10.1 0.1 Oats 445.7 5.9 329.8 2.0 Total Specified Grains 1,277.3 16_,2 934.2 1,12 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,447.6 19.1 To Other Crops 608.7 8.0 Total 2,056,3 27.2 -77- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 78 Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Central European USSR: Chuvash ASSR (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 18,300 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 1422,2 100.0 Winter Wheat 24.0 1.3 20.7 0.1 Spring Wheat 61.1 3.3 35.4 0.2 Total Wheat 85.1 4.6 56.1 0 2 Winter Rye 203.9 11.1 165.9 0.8 Total Bread Grains 289.0 15.7 222.0 9.44, Specified Feed Grains Barley 8.7 0.5 6.7 0.1 Oats 155.8 8.5 91.9 0.6 Total Specified Grains 453.5 24.41 320.6z ga..4 Area Seeded To All Grains 527.4 28.8 To Other Crops 193.4 10.5 Total 720.4 1241 -78- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table ,79 Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Central European USSR: Nhri ASSR (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 23,100 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 2.310.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 6.3 0.3 3.0 Negligible Spring Wheat 29.8 1.3 17.3 0.1 Total Wheat 34.1 10 Winter Rye 194.4 8.4 -La 140.1 0.7 Total Bread Grains 230.5 10.0 160.4 4.12 Specified Feed Grains Barley 9.9 0.4 7.8 0.1 Oats 133.6 5.8 85.5 0.5 Total Specified Grains 375.0 1E1,2 2537 g.R.2 Area Seeded To All Grains 395.2 17.1 To Other Crops 101,3 4.3 Total 496.5 2,121k -79- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 80 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Central European USSR: Kirov Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 121,600 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 12,160.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 12.9 0.1 5.1 Negligible Spring Wheat 119.2 1.0 73.9. 0.4 Total Wheat 132.1 79.0 0 2 Winter Rye 809.8 6.6 552.1 2.8 Total Bread Grains 941.9 L.2 631.1 Specified Feed Grains Barley 195.4 1.6 138.7 1.5 Oats 679.0 5.6 461.7 2.9 Total Specified Grains 1,816.3 11.9 14231.5 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,884.0 15.4 To Other Crops 273.9 2.2 Total 2,157.9 laa -80- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 81 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Urals: Udmurt ASSR (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 42,200 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 4,220.0 1000 Winter Wheat 2.2 Negligible 0.4 Negligible Spring Wheat 142.9 3.4 88.6 0.5 Total Wheat 145.1 e.a.C2 Anter Rye 408.3 9.7 289.4 1.5 Total Bread Grains 551.4 378.4 9.22. Specified Feed Grains Barley 59.1 1.4 42.6 0.5 Oats 317.7 7.5 216.0 1.3 Total Specified Grains 930.2 2g.S2 637.0 {) 8 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,006.8 23.8 To Other Crops 240.2 5.6 Total 14U2Ag 21.5. -81- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 82 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Urals: Molotov Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 170,800 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat Spring Wheat Total Wheat Winter Rye Total Bread Grains Specified Feed Grains Barley Oats Total Specified Grains Area Seeded To All Grains To Other Crops Total 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) 17,080.0 0.1 233.0 g33.1 449.4 68g .5 99.7 444.8 1.227.0 1,337.3 272.6 14609.9 -82- Percentage of Total Area 100.0 Negligible 1.4 S-E-C-R-E-T 1.8.4 2.6 4A.Q. 0.6 2.6 2.A.Z 7.8 1.5 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) N.A. 207.4 207.4 372.1 579.5 100.7 409.2 1,089.4 Percentage of 1938 Production Base Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 8-E-C-R-E-T Table 83 Region 111-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Northwest: Leningrad Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 85,100 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 8,510.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 19.0 0.2 14.8 Negligible Spring Wheat 40.0 0.4 25.6 0.1 Total Wheat 5.242 0 6 40.4 2,1 Winter Rye 69.4 0.8 48.4 0.2 Total Bread Grains 128.4 88.8 Specified Feed Grains Barley 31.1 0.3 24.0 0.2 Oats 50.0 0.5 42.0 0.2 Total Specified Grains 209.5 154.4 0 1 Area Seeded To All Grains 277.4 3.2 To Other Crops 700.6 8.2 Total 978?0 -83- s-E-c-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 84 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Northwest: Karelo-Finnish SSR (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 178,500 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 17,850.0 1000 Spring Wheat 2.9 Negligible 2.0 Negligible Total Wheat Negligible 2.49. Negligible Winter Rye 13.0 Negligible 9.2 Negligible Total Bread Grains 15.9 Negligible 11.2 Negligible Specified Feed Grains Barley 6.2 Negligible 5.2 Negligible Oats 15.8 Negligible 11.4 Negligible Total Specified Grains IL/ 0 2 27.8 Negligible Area Seeded To All Grains 40.3 0.2 To Other Crops 18.8 0.1 Total 59.1 S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 85 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Northwest: Arkhangellsk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 594,200 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 59,420.0 100 0 Winter Wheat 4.8 Negligible 3.6 Negligible Spring Wheat 36.2 Negligible 25.0 0.1 Total Wheat 41.0 Negligible 28.6 Negligible Winter Rye 96.1 0.1 64.1 0.3 Total Bread Grains 137.1 0 2 2Z,Z 0 1 Specified Feed Grains Barley 45.6 Negligible 42.0 0.4 Oats 96.2 0.1 63.0 0.3 Total Specified Grains 278.9 L97 .7 9,a Area Seeded To All Grains 291.8 0.4 To Other Crops 70.5 0.1 Total 362.3 -85- Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 86 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Northern European USSR: Vologdsk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 147,400 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 14.740.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 13.3 Negligible 10.1 Negligible Spring Wheat 104.2 0.7 71.9 0.4 Total Wheat 117.5 2,2 82.0. Winter Rye 250.2 1.6 179.6 0.9 Total Bread Graini 1.0.2.L2 261.6 Q_sA Specified Feed Grains Barley 106.0 0.7 86.9 0.9 Oats 242.8 1 . 6 182.1 1.1 Total Specified Grains 716.1 0 6 Area Seeded To All Grains 756.3 5.1 To Other Crops 293.3 1.9 Total 1,049.6 L.1 -86- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 87 Region III-B (Deficit): Winter Rye and Oats Northern European USSR: Komi ASSR (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 4o4,600 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 40,460.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 0.3 Negligible 0.2 Negligible Spring Wheat 3.8 Negligible 2.6 Negligible Total Wheat Negligible 2 8 Negligible Winter Rye 18.8 Negligible 12.5 Negligible Total Bread Grains 22.9 negligible 15.3 negligible Specified Feed Grains Barley 21.4 Negligible 19.7 0.2 Oats 12.3 Negligible 8.4 Negligible Total Specified Grains Ikek c.),1 L3 .3 negligible Area Seeded To All Grains 58.3 0.1 To Other Crops 22.8 Negligible Total 81.1 -87- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09h02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T _ _ _ _ _ _ Table 88 Region IV (Surplus); Spring Wheat and Oats Urals: Sverdlovsk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 193,100 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 19,310.0 100 ? 0 1.0 Negligible 2.2 Negligible Spring Wheat 299.8 1.6 204.5 1.1 Total Wheat 302.0 1 6 205.5 0 6 Winter Rye 210.0 1.1 171.6 0.9 Total Bread Grains 512.0 /22:1 Specified Feed Grains Barley Oats 52.8 278.2 0.3 1.4 53.3 255.9 0.6 1.6 Total Specified Grains 843t0 686.3 p_t2 Area Seeded To All Grains 908.8 4.7 To Other Crops 182.7 0.9 Total 1,091.5 5,,f2 -88- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 89 Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats Urals: Chelyabinsk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 87,800 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 4,780.0, 100?0 Winter Wheat 2.3 Negligible 1.3 Negligible Spring Wheat 673.4 7.7 417.5 2.3 Total Wheat 675.7 Li 418.8 Winter Rye 173.8 2.0 80.1 0.4 Total Bread Grains 849.5 2.12 498.9 Specified Feed Grains Barley 18.0 0.2 10.8 0.1. Oats 270.0 3.1 164.7 1.0 Total Specified Grains 1,137.5 1,1,2 674.4 0 8 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,320.1 15.0 To Other Crops 333.6 3.7 Total 1,653.7 18.8 -89- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 90 Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats West Siberia: Kurgan Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1946, 71,100 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage. of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 7,110.0 1.00.0 Winter Wheat 2.1 Negligible 1.9 Negligible Spring Wheat 1,010.0 14.2 656.5 3.6 Total Wheat 1,012.1 likaa 658.4 2 0 Winter Rye 237.7 3.3 . 133.2 0.7 Total Bread Grains 1,249.817..5 791.6 Specified Feed Grains Barley 81.7 1.1 48.2 0.5 Oats 405.0 5.7 211..6 1.3 Total Specified Grains 1,736.5 3A.L.2 1,054.4 1,1 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total LA.. -90- S-E-C-R-E-T ? ? ? ? Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 91 Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats West Siberia: Tyumen Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 139,300 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat Spring Wheat Total Wheat Winter Rye Total Bread Grains Specified Feed Grains Barley Oats Total Specified Grains Area Seeded To All Grains To Other Crops Total 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) 136,300.0 561.0 561.0 97.9 658.9 Percentage of Total Area 100.0 0.4 0.1 2:1 46.0 Negligible 258.0 0.2 962.9 N.A. N.A. A. -91- S-E-C-R-E-T as2 N.A. N.A. 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) 398.3 398.3 67.0 465.3 37.7 178.0 6810 Percentage of 3.938 Production Base 2.2 0.3 0.4 1.1 Q.1.2 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 92 Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats West Siberia: Omsk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 139,300 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 13,930.0 100.0 Winter Wheat 6.9 Negligible 1.4 Negligible Spring Wheat 842.3 6.0 598.0 3.3 Total Wheat 849.2 6 122,4 Winter Rye 234.7 1.7 156.9 0.8 Total Bread Grains 1.083.9 756.3 Specified Feed Grains Barley 64.5 0.5 52.9 0.6 Oats 387.0 2.8 267.0 1.7 Total Specified Grains 1,535.4 11,2 1.076.2, 1.2.4 Area Seeded To All Grains 1,680.3 12.0 To Other Crops 518.6 3.7 Total 2.198.9 15.7 - 92 - S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 93 Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats West Siberia: Novosibirsk Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 178,800 Square Kilometers) 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Total Area Specified Bread Grains 17.880.0 100 .0 Winter Wheat 18.7 0.1 12.9 Spring Wheat 1,286.2 7.2 964.6 Total Wheat 1,304.9 ZAI 977.5 Winter Rye 253.2 1.4 185.6 Total Bread Grains 1,558,1 ,163.1 Specified Feed Grains Barley 66.8 0.4 56.1 Oats 635.0 3.5 533.4 Total Specified Grains 2,259.9 la& 1,752.6 Area Seeded To All Grains 2,385.5 13.3 To Other Crops 443.2 2.4 Total 2,828.7 15.8 -93- S-E-C-R-E-T _ _ _ _ _ _ Percentage of 1938 Production Base 0.1 5.4 asa 0.9 L2 0.6 3.3 zia Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 94 Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats West Siberia: Kemerovo Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 95,500 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 9.550.0 100.0 Spring Wheat 64.0 0.7 48.0 0.3 Total Wheat 64,g. 04.2 o Winter Rye 90.5 0.9 64.5 0.3 Total Bread Grains 154.5 1 6 112.5 Qa Specified Feed Grains Barley 10.0 0.1 8.4 0.1 Oats 122.0 1.3 102.5 0.6 Total Specified Grains 286.5, 34.9. 223.4 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total ILL. N.A. - 911- - S-E-C-R-E-T ma. amm. as. Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 95 Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats West Siberia: Altai Kray (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 261,600 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat Spring Wheat Total Wheat Winter Rye Total Bread Grains Specified Feed Grains Barley Oats Total Specified Grains Area Seeded To All Grains To Other Crops Total 1938 Area Babe (Thousand He 26,160.0 9.3 2,466.2 2,475.5 97.6 2,572.1 45.6 726.1 3,344.8 3,467.6 475.6 3,943.2 -95 - Percentage of Total Area 100.0 Negligible 9.4 S-E-C-R-E-T 0.4 13.2 1.8 15.0 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) 8.9 1,849.6 1,858.5 71.3 ;,929.8 38.3 609.9 2,578.0 Percentage of 1938 Production Base 0.1 10.3 0.4 0.4 3.8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 96 Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats Kazakh SSR: Kustanay Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 198,700 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 19.870.0 1000 Spring Wheat 424.6 2.1 246.3 1.4 Total Wheat 424.6 246.3 Winter Rye 37.1 0.2 22.3 0.1 Total Bread Grains 461.7 24.2 268.6 cj.L2 Specified Feed Grains Barley 39.6 0.2 17.0 0.2 Oats 74.1 0.4 36.3 0.2 Total Specified Grains 575.4 242 )21.9 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total N.A. -96- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 97 Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats Kazakh SSR: North Kazakhstan Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 45,700 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat Spring Wheat Total Wheat Winter Rye 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 4,570.0 0.3 314.2 3.14.2-1 13.7 Negligible 1.7 2,2 0.1 0.4 532.6 533.0 Negligible 11.7 11,2 0.5 21.1 Total Bread Grains 554L1 12,2, 328.2 0 6 Specified Feed Grains Barley 53.9 1.2 30.2 0.3 Oats 36.0 0.8 22.0 0.1 Total Specified Grains 644.0 114.4 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total -97- S -E - C -R -E - T ? ? ? ? ? Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 98 Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats Kazakh SSR: Kokchetav Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 74,100 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 7,419,0 100.0 Spring Wheat 236.0 3.1 144.0 0.8 Total Wheat 236.0 0.4 Winter Rye Total Bread Grains 236.0 Li 144.0 0.3 Specified Feed Grains Barley 4.0 Negligible 2.4 Negligible Oats 48.0 0.6 29.8 0.1 Total Specified Grains 288.0 176.2 0.2 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 S-E-C-R-E-T Table 99 Region IV (Surplus): Spring Wheat and Oats Kazakh SSR: Pavlodar Oblast (Total Area as of 1 January 1947, 138,900 Square Kilometers) Total Area Specified Bread Grains Winter Wheat 1938 Area Base (Thousand Hectares) Percentage of Total Area 1938 Production Base (Thousand Metric Tons) Percentage of 1938 Production Base 13,890.0 100.0 Spring Wheat 283.3 2.0 184.1 1.0 Total Wheat 283.3 ac.Q. Q.a.1 Winter Rye 1.5 Negligible 1.0 Negligible Total Bread Grains 284.8 2.16Q, X85J P.A.1 Specified Feed Grains Barley 17.7 0.1 11.5 0.1 Oats 62.7 0.4 38.9 0.2 Total Specified Grains 365.2 ask 235.5 1.),1 Area Seeded To All Grains N.A. N.A. To Other Crops N.A. N.A. Total N.A. -99- S-E-C-R-E-T Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8 roved- For Release1999/49102,-;7GIA4Z-DP79_41-093A0Q03000 0002-8 , SECRET Approved For Release 1999/09/02 : CIA-RDP79-01093A000300060002-8