OSS: COORDINATING MECHANISM FOR POST AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN THE SINO-SOVIET BLOC

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 34
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 25, 2013
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: May 1, 1962
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
SECRET
Economic Intelligence Report
N?
50X1
OSS: COORDINATING MECHANISM
FOR POST AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS
IN THE SINO-SOVIET BLOC
CIA/RR ER 62-15
May 1962
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Office of Research and Reports
SECRET
50X1
GROUP 1
EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC DOWN-
GRADING AND DECLASSIFICATION
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
SECRET
Economic Intelligence Report
OSS: COORDINATING MECHANISM
FOR POST AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS
IN THE SINO-SOVIET BLOC
CIA/RR ER 62-15
WARNING
This material contains information affecting
the National Defense of the United States
within the meaning of the espionage laws,
Title 18, USC, Secs. 793 and 794, the trans-
mission or revelation of which in any manner
to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Office of Research and Reports
SECRET
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
50X1
50X1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
FOREWORD
This report was occasioned by a recent influx of high-validity mate-
rial illustrating in detail many of the efforts now underway to achieve,
under economic specialization, long-range, integrated development of the
post and telecommunications sector of the Sino-Soviet Bloc. The report
shows that these efforts are either controlled by or contingent on the
decisions of the Organization for Cooperation Among Socialist Countries
in the Fields of Post and Communications (OSS) in conjunction with re-
sponsible organizations in associated fields. The form and content of
this report aim at a basic paper, against which future developments in
Bloc-wide post and telecommunications can be evaluated. 50X1
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
CONTENTS
Page
Summary and Conclusions 1
I. Organization of OSS 3
A. Purpose 3
B. Member Countries
C. Ministerial Conferences 4
D. Structure 5
E. Operating Procedures 6
II. Intra-Bloc Organizations Cooperating with OSS 7
A. Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA) . . . . 8
B. International Radiobroadcasting and Television Organ-
ization (On-IT) 8
C. Organization for Cooperation Among Socialist Rail-
9
roads (OSShD)
III. Evaluation of the Accomplishments of OSS 9
IV. Future of OSS 10
Appendixes
Appendix A. Glossary of Technical Terms
11
Appendix B. Organizations Mentioned in This Report 19
Appendix C. List of Independent OSS Projects 21
Appendix D. List of Coordinated OSS Projects 25
Chart
Participation of Countries in Bloc-Controlled Post and Tele-
collununications Organizations, 1961 following page
- v -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
8
50X1
50X1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
OSS: COORDINATING MECHANISM FOR POST AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS
IN THE SINO-SOVIET BLOC*
Summary and Conclusions
The Organization for Cooperation Among Socialist Countries in the
Fields of Post and Communications (OSS) operates under a general direc-
tive to coordinate long-term planning in its field. Under the directive,
OSS assigns research and development projects to those countries, or
groups of countries, possessing the best technical capability to carry
them out successfully and promptly. Its chief concern has been to in-
sure effective collaboration among scientific and engineering organs in
the design and installation of a huge, new arterial network of telecom-
munications facilities that will more efficiently tie together Bloc
activities over the long term. For this purpose, coaxial cable and micro-
wave radio relay media have been chosen.
By the end of 1961, concrete progress had been made in this huge
undertaking. Experimental transmissions have already commenced on the
first sections of the international and intra-Bloc automatic telephone
and telegraph service. Also, in conjunction with the International
Radiobroadcasting and Television Organization (OIRT), a Sino-Soviet
Bloc organ, the USSR and the European Satellites began the exchange of
live television programs.
Although the responsibility for providing this huge network falls on
civil ministries, military and other strategic requirements undoubtedly
are taken into account. Military representatives participate in OSS meet-
ings and probably press the military need. Also, the designed capaci-
ties of these new arterial media, far in excess of civil needs for some
years to come, will provide facilities to satisfy other strategic needs.
Thus far, the achievements of OSS have not been startling. Much of
its work has been of small scale and much of that in the embryonic
stages. But its effectiveness is gaining momentum as it continues to
produce more tangible results. The admittedly low level of technology
in some Bloc countries has convinced the members of OSS that more advan-
tages can be achieved in this field by working together.
* The estimates and conclusions in this report represent the best judg-
ment of this Office as of 1 April 1962. For a glossary of technical
terms, see Appendix A.
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
Under Soviet direction, OSS is likely to become an effective instru-
ment to aid fulfillment of the Soviet Seven Year Plan (1959-65). Under
the Plan the USSR has begun, for the first time, extensive exploitation
of modern technology (automation, mechanization, and modernization) for
the whole post and telecommunications sector of its economy. It probably
will wish to exploit Bloc resources to achieve this end as well as to
push this technological development forward into the other Bloc countries.
- 2 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
I. Organization of OSS
A. Purpose
OSS was established at a meeting held in Moscow in 1957 under the
chairmanship of the Minister of Communications, USSR. The initiative for
establishing OSS came from telecommunications authorities in the USSR who
had long recognized that, in order to build a new, arterial network cov-
ering the Bloc, maximal use must be made of the manpower and technological
resources of the national economies. They hoped to unify the efforts of,
and to create greater interdependency among, departments of common inter-
ests in the ministries of post and telecommunications; to achieve compati-
bility of intra-Bloc facilities and services; and to lessen the drain on
the Soviet economy.
The charter of the organization lists the following general tasks;
1. To develop and install more modern telegraph and tele-
phone circuitB between Bloc countries.
2. To advance the services of existing post and telecommuni-
cations networks between Bloc countries.
3. To consult on the problems, requirements, and specifi-
cations concerning designs and construction of microwave radio relay,
cables, overhead wirelines, and communications equipment.
4. To study and adopt technical measures that will insure
the mutual exchange of television and radiobroadcast programs.
5. To expand postal operations and to prepare and put into
effect advanced methods for organizing and mechanizing postal work.
6. To consult on, and determine rates for, post and tele-
communications services between one Bloc country and another.
development.
cies.
7.
To collaborate on scientific and technical research and
8. To coordinate the allocation and usage of radio frequen-
9. To cooperate in studies and to exchange data on iono-
spheric radio wave propagation.
- 3 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
10. To render service for improving facilities when re-
quested by members of OSS.
11. To coordinate the international activities of post and
telecommunications organizations. 1/*
B. Member Countries
Membership in OSS includes the following Bloc countries: the
USSR, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Pbland,
Rumania, Communist China, Outer Mongolia, North Korea, and North Viet-
nam. Yugoslavia, at one time, was represented by observers but has not
attended recent meetings.** The Minister of Post and Telecommunications
in each country is its senior representative.
C. Ministerial Conferences
All resolutions or projects adopted under the aegis of OSS must
be approved by a council of the ministers of post and telecommunications
of all member countries. The minister has the responsibility for execut-
ing all adopted projects that are assigned to his country. He also has
the responsibility for obtaining action from the outside agencies on pro-
jects that partially fall outside the province of his ministry.
Meetings of ministerial representatives were held in Moscow in
1957, in Prague in 1958, in East Berlin in 1959, and in Warsaw in 1961.
Following the 1959 meeting, it was decided to hold meetings on the min-
isterial level only every 2 years unless special reasons dictate other-
wise. The reasons for the 2-year spread are as follows:
1. Meetings of working groups have become increasingly fre-
quent and more tightly coordinated, thereby lessening the watch-dog re-
sponsibilities of the ministers.
2. The interchange of OSS and CEMA*** activities has become
so involved and the joint long-range plans so laboriously detailed that
* For serially numbered source references, see Appendix F.
** Post and telecommunications organizations that participate in OSS
projects are listed in Appendix B. The status of Albania and Communist
China as participants in future OSS projects is not known at the present
time.
xxx Council for Mutual Economic Assistance.
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
consultation, research, and decisions cannot be concluded adequately in
a form for final approval by the ministers within a 12-month period. .21
The next ministerial conference will be held in 1963, probably in Bucha-
rest or Budapest.
D. Structure
Insofar as is known, OSS has no permanent chairman or secretariat.
When ministerial conferences are not in session, the official activities
of OSS, the preparatory work for ensuing conferences, and all correspond-
ence are the responsibility of the national post and telecommunications
ministry that is assigned to call the next scheduled ministerial confer-
ence. Official languages for oral interpretation are Chinese, German,
Russian, and French. All official documents pertaining to conference
activities are written in German and Russian. All final decisions of
OSS are written in Chinese, German, and Russian. If there is any dis-
crepancy in the language of a decision, the Russian version becomes
authoritative. V
Administratively, OSS is broken down into at least six commis-
sions, all of which are believed to be chaired permanently by a particu-
lar country*:
1. The First Commission for Telecommunications (Chairman:
USSR) appears to be concerned with the development of wire, cable, and
telephone equipment.
2. The Second Commission for Radio Communications (Chairman:
USSR) handles the allocation of radio frequencies, the expansion of com-
mercial radio facilities, and the technology involved in the exchange of
television.
3. The Third Commission for Scientific and Technical Coop-
eration (Chairman: East Germany) is a coordinating group for the joint
research and development problems of the First, Second, and Fourth Com-
missions.
4. The Fourth Commission for Postal Affairs (Chairman:
Poland) is concerned with postal regulations, rates, and the develop-
ment of equipment and methods for improving local and intra-Bloc service.
* Very little is known of their individual methods of operation, but
details on their active projects are listed in numerical order in
Appendixes C and D.
- 5 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
5. The Fifth Commission for Project Editing (Chairman: USSR)
wields great power, inasmuch as it determines which projects of those pro-
posed will be acceptable for final approval as a joint OSS effort.
6. The Sixth Commission for Long-Term Cooperation and Plan-
ning (Chairman: POland), which was not created until 1959, compiles and
controls statistical data supplied by member countries which measure their
technological levels with those of the West.
Recently, two additional commissions may have been created, or
possibly two new functions were incorporated into the Fifth and Sixth
Commissions, respectively. One deals with the problems of press dissemi-
nation and the other with the economics of telecommunications./I/
E. Operating Procedures
In its formative years, OSS was beset with the usual problems of
a relatively new organization. By 1959, however, most of the difficulties
had been resolved, primarily by increasing awareness on the part of the
Satellite countries of the benefits to be accrued from a unified Bloc
program in the complex field of technology. Seemingly, one of the most
productive factors in the work of OSS is the relative freedom which re-
search and development teams are allowed in carrying out their projects.
Some control is evident -- and it probably is asserted by the USSR --
but it is neither cumbersome nor inhibiting.
Many initial concepts for projects undertaken by OSS originate
outside the organization. Military representatives attend OSS meetings,
and military requirements are bound to form fundamental considerations
in the development of at least the major telecommunications projects.
Some ideas on, and needs for, projects are known, however, to originate
within Section Nine of CEMA,* with OIRT, and with OSS itself.
OSS has two methods for handling Bloc-wide projects. One is
called the Independent Project, for which no country is designated as
project coordinator. These projects appear to be concerned chiefly
with local post and telecommunications problems, over which relatively
little control is exercised by OSS. Each country participating in an
independent project, however, forwards the results of its work to all
other members** of OSS.
The second method is called the Coordinated Project.*** These
are Bloc-wide in scope, they are controlled, and they proceed scrupulously
* Section Nine for Communications Technology, the Commission for Ma-
chine Building, CEMA, hereafter referred to as Section Nine.
For a list of current OSS independent projects, see Appendix C.
*-X-X- For a list of current OSS coordinated projects, see Appendix D.
- 6 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
according to the original plans. Target dates, however, sometimes are
deferred because equipment to be tested does not arrive on schedule.
Once this type of project is proposed, it first must be approved by the
Fifth Commission, which then forwards the approved project to the Cen-
tral Scientific Research Institute for Communications (TsNIIS) at Mos-
cow. Depending on the recommendations of member countries and on the
peculiar domestic requirements and productive capacities of these coun-
tries, TsNIIS assigns the responsibilities of project coordinator and
project participants to appropriate telecommunications institutes.
Section Nine of CEMA apparently retains the privilege of approving or
disapproving these assignments.
The Coordinating Institute for this type of project then allo-
cates individual responsibilities and target dates for the research,
construction, or testing phases of each project. This plan is followed
by all participating institutes.
Once the appropriate OSS commissions have drawn up the technical
requirements for an intra-Bloc project, these requirements are presented
to Section Nine, which in turn carries out further collaboration with
other CEMA commissions before the research project is given conclusive
approval. These other commissions are those that would be involved in
production of the various components for prototypes of telecommunications
equipment or in providing mathematical machines and instruments for tests
and measurements. After approving a completed project, OSS refers it to
Section Nine. After Section Nine consults with other components of CEMA,
the series production of equipment is allocated to the appropriate indus-
tries. 2/
The time that elapses between the initial presentation and final
completion of an OSS project depends on its scope and priority. The
development, for instance, of the intra-Bloc automatic telephone and
telegraph system began in 1957, but it is not expected to be fully auto-
mated until 1980. Minor projects, such as determining the comparable
advantages of using wooden or concrete telephone poles, often can be
completed within a year.
II. Intra-Bloc Organizations Cooperating with OSS
Numerous intra-Bloc organizations cooperate in the work done by OSS
working groups.* Three of the most important are described in the fol-
lowing subsections.
* For the participation of countries in Bloc-controlled telecommunica-
tions organizations, see the chart following p. 8.
- 7 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
A. Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA*)
CEMA was created in 1949 for the purpose of giving the USSR a key
agency to coordinate the economic activities of the Soviet Bloc.** With-
in CEMA, Section Nine for Telecommunications Technology of the Commission
for Machine Building conducts most of the coordinative effort with OSS.
Hungary provides the permanent chairman. Membership in CEMA is composed
of the USSR and the European Satellites. Communist China, North Korea,
North Vietnam, and Outer Mongolia participate as observers only, as did
Yugoslavia during 1956-57.
Within the framework of a given project, Section Nine collectively
assesses each country's natural resources, production capacity, traditions,
and labor skills and analyzes their comparative costs and labor productiv-
ity. In conjunction with OSS, it assigns research and development tasks
for designated equipment to specific Bloc countries. When the testing and
experimental stages are completed, series production is allocated to those
countries that are assumed to have adequate facilities to fill domestic
and export requirements of the entire Bloc. Because of CEMA's involve-
ment in coordinating so many aspects of the national economies, Section
Nine may accept or reject plans that previously have been agreed on with-
in OSS.
B. International Radiobroadcasting and Television Organization (OIRT)
The original International Radiobroadcasting and Television Organi-
zation (OIR) was founded in Brussels in 1946. Initially its membership
consisted of radiobroadcasting organizations of 28 European and Near East-
ern countries. By 1950, however, in consequence of the persistently ob-
structive tactics of the countries of the Soviet Bloc, all members, except
Finland and those of the Bloc, had withdrawn and formed the European
Broadcasting Union (EBU).
The remaining countries reorganized into the International Radio-
broadcasting and Television Organization (OIRT) to coordinate Bloc-wide
broadcasting and television activities, with headquarters permanently
set up in Prague. In 1952 the broadcasting organizations of Communist
China and East Germany joined OIRT and, in subsequent years, Outer Mon-
golia, North Korea, North Vietnam, Egypt, and Iraq. Late in 1961, Cuba
and Mali became members. Indonesia, Yugoslavia, and Morocco have attended
as observers.
* The German abbreviation is RGW (Rat fuer Gegenseitige Wirtschafts-
hilfe), and the Russian is SEV (Sovet Ekonomicheskoy Vzaimopomoshchi).
** For more detailed information on the organization and functions of
CEMA, see source
- 8 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
SECRET
PARTICIPATION OF COUNTRIES IN BLOC-CONTROLLED POST
AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ORGANIZATIONS, 1961
EUROPEAN BLOC
OSS'
OIRT2
CEMA3
OSShD4
USSR
?
?
?
?
Albania
?
?
?
?
Bulgaria
?
?
?
?
Czechoslovakia
?
?
?
?
East Germany
?
?
?
?
Hungary
?
?
?
?
Poland
?
?
?
?
Rumania
?
?
?
?
ASIAN BLOC
Communist China
?
?
?
?
Mongolia
?
411
?
?
North Korea
?
?
?
?
North Vietnam
?
?
?
? ,
OTHER
Cuba
?
Egypt
0
Finland
0
Indonesia
?
Iraq
0
Laos
0
Mali
0
Morocco
?
Yugoslavia
?
2International Radiobroadcasting and Television Organization
? Member ? Observer
Organization for Cooperation Among Socialist Countries in the Field of Post and Communications
3Council for Mutual Economic Assistance
Organization for Cooperation Among Socialist Railroads
4
36005 4-62
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
SECRET
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
According to its charter, OIRT tries to establish good working
relationships with other Bloc and non-Bloc organizations interested in
radio and television broadcasting. It also is required to exchange
technical information on problems of radio and television, on problems
of transmission interference, and on the improvement of the technical
quality of signals. Because television transmissions require broad-
band media, OIRT commissions work closely with OSS and Section Nine of
CEMA in effectuating those that OSS was directed to develop.
Three main divisions carry out these important missions: the
Technical Commission, the Program Commission, and the Television Com-
mission. The latter arranges for the development and supervision of
"Intervision," the intra-Bloc television network. 2/
C. Organization for Cooperation Among Socialist Railroads (OSShD)
The only other economic sector which has a coordinating organi-
zation comparable to OSS in structure and operation is the Organization
for Cooperation Among Socialist Railroads (OSShD).* Like OSS, OSShD was
formerly established in 1957 and includes as members all of the Sino-
Soviet Bloc countries. Yugoslavia is neither a member nor an observer.
OSShD contains several committees that are given specific tasks
to perform. Committee No. 7, which is permanently chaired by Fbland, is
concerned with signaling problems, automatic switching techniques, and
the telephone and telegraph requirements of rail transport. The ultimate
goal of Committee No. 7 is to standardize telecommunications equipments
and practices so that faster, more reliable service on all state rail-
roads in the countries of the Bloc in Europe and the Far East will be
insured.
Some degree of consultation is assumed to take place between
OSS and OSShD. Some member countries of OSShD recently set up special
institutes to coordinate the long-range research deemed necessary to
improve telecommunications and signaling. To achieve this coordina-
tion, it is likely that members of OSShD will employ facilities designed
by OSS. 11/
III. Evaluation of the Accomplishments of OSS
The effectiveness of OSS as a coordinating organ has been clearly
demonstrated by its concrete achievements. Statements made in the Bloc
openly acknowledge that, without the existence of OSS, several major
Bloc-wide projects could not have progressed as planned.
* For more detailed information on OSShD, see source 12/.
- 9 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
The most tangible measure of the effectiveness of OSS has been its
largest and most challenging project. Since 1957 the organization has
put its main efforts on the design and construction of a new Bloc-wide
arterial telecommunications network. This huge project is complex in
technology, extensive in geographical coverage, and massive in struc-
tural involvements. Nevertheless, some sections of this network of
microwave radio relay and coaxial cable media, which employ the most
modern technologies, are now going into service. In addition to new
services (teledata, telecontrol, telemetering, telemechanics), these
sections will yield a wide variety of conventional automatic telephone,
telegraph, television, and radiobroadcasting services. Thus they will
become the chief means of communication by which the Bloc will obtain
tighter cohesion of its many activities.
IV. Future of OSS
It is expected that OSS will continue to be the top-level agency for
bringing economic and technical talent together for the common solution
to common problems in the post and telecommunications sectors of Bloc
economies. Based on performance to the present, its future appears to
be assured. If it has been competent enough to press successfully a
project as massive as the new arterial network, it should be capable of
pushing ahead with the long list of projects currently planned.* As it
gains experience and prestige, OSS should be able to get things done
better and faster.
* For a listing of all known OSS projects, see Appendixes C and D.
- 10 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
APPENDIX A
GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS
Amplitude modulation (AM): The process by which a selected carrier
frequency is varied in magnitude (amplitude) by other frequencies
that contain the information to be transmitted in telecommunications.
(See Frequency modulation.)
Apparatus: Instruments, machines, appliances, and other assemblies
used in providing a telecommunications facility.
Automatic (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to any process involved
in producing telecommunications service that does not require direct,
Immediate human assistance.
Band (of frequencies): The entire range of frequencies between two
numerically specified frequency limits. The magnitude of this range
is a limiting factor on the amount of information that can be trans-
mitted in telecommunications. With respect to frequencies of the
radio spectrum as a Whole, the International Telecommunication Union
has for convenience divided the Whole radio spectrum into eight major
bands, as follows:
Frequency Bands
Range
Up to 30 kc**
30 to 300 kc
300 to 3,000 kc
3,000 to 30,000 kc
30,000 kc to
300 mc***
300 to 3,000 mc
3,000 to 30,000 mc
30,000 to 300,000 mc
Type
Very low frequencies (vi)
Low frequencies (LF)
Medium frequencies (MF)
High frequencies (1F)
Very high frequencies (VHF)
Ultra high frequencies (UHF)
Super high frequencies (SHF)
Extremely high frequencies
(En)
Corresponding Wave*
Band
Myriametric waves
Kilometric waves
Hectometric waves
Decametric waves
Metric waves
Decimetric wavest
Centimetric wavest
Millimetric wavest
* Waves are undulating disturbances: a sound wave is a disturbance
in the air, Which is an elastic medium, and an electric wave is a dis-
turbance in any medium whatever. The number of waves per second is the
frequency of a given wave. Because the speed of wave propagation is
considered to be constant, the length of a given wave is in inverse re-
lation to its frequency: the longer the wave length, the lower the fre-
quency; and the Shorter the wave length, gootnote continued on p.
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
Cable: A bundle of sheathed, insulated wires and/or coaxial tubes
used as a telecommunications medium. It is sometimes referred to as
"multiconductor cable."
Carrier (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to a technique for divid-
ing a circuit, lane, supergroup, group, or Channel into portions
that can be used independently of and simultaneously with all other
portions. Different frequencies or different pulses are selected for
each portion to "carry" the information to be transmitted, after al-
teration by the information frequencies. The carrier itself need not
be transmitted.
Channel: A portion, electrical or physical, of a telecommunications
circuit, lane, supergroup, or group that can be used to transmit in-
formation independently of and simultaneously with all other portions.
A channel may be used to provide two or more sub channels.
Circuit: A telecommunications connection between two or more distant
points by a wire, cable, or radio medium facility used to carry in-
formation. The circuit is the fundamental telecommunications connec-
tion between distant points. By the application of appropriate tech-
niques, a circuit may be arranged in many different combinations to
meet the need for various kinds and quantities of telecommunications
service. In its simplest form a circuit may carry only single tele-
communications units in sequence. In its most complex form it may by
apportionment carry simultaneously thousands of telephone Channels
and telegraph sdbdhannels; a number of television programs; and other
specialized kinds of service, such as high-fidelity broadcast programs,
radar signals, and data-processing signals.
For the most complex application, a circuit is often arranged
into lanes, each of Which can carry, in one direction, 1 television pro-
gram or up to 1,800 telephone channels. In turn, these 1,800 telephone
channels are subdivided into 10 supergroups of 60 telephone channels
each. Each supergroup is subdivided into 5 groups of 12 telephone chan-
nels each. One or more telephone Channels may be further subdivided
into 3 to 20 sixty-word-per minute teletype subchannels. Other special-
ized kinds of service may be accommodated by combining two or more tele-
phone channels.
the higher the frequency. Wave length usually is measured in linear
units of the metric system.
** Kilocycles per second, or 1,000 cycles per second.
*** Megacycles per second, or 1 million cycles per second.
It is becoming common usage to refer to waves (frequencies) in
these three bands as "microwaves."
- 12 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
Coaxial (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to a modern telecommuni-
cations cable medium technique using one or more tubes (sometimes
called "pipes"). Each metal tube surrounds a conducting wire sup-
ported concentrically by insulators. The space in the tube usually
contains nitrogen gas under pressure. Generally, coaxial cable is
used for the transmission of information in complex form, such as
radar, computer data, or television signals, and/or for the trans-
mission of telephone Channels and telegraph gdbchannels. A single
tube usually carries information in only one direction at a time.
The capacity of a tube depends in part on the distance between re-
peater stations. In the standard facility, which may have from
2 to 8 tubes in the cable, a single tube carries a lane of up to
1,800 telephone Channels or 1 television lane, for which the re-
peater station spacing is about 7 statute miles. In a new develop-
mental coaxial cable facility, a single tube may carry 3 lanes of a
total of 1,800 telephone Channels or 3 television lanes, for which
the repeater station spacing is expected to be about 3 statute miles.
Electronics: A general term used to identify that branch of elec-
trical science and technology WhiCh treats of the behaviour of elec-
trons in vacuums, gases, or solids. Today telecommunications makes
extensive use of electronic technology.
Facility: An association of apparatus, material, and electrical
energy required to furnish telecommunications service.
Facsimile (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to a telecommunications
?(1-aWiRph) service in which photographs, drawings, handwriting, and
printed matter are transmitted for graphically recorded reception.
In one method (Type A), images are built up of lines or dots of con-
stant intensity. In another method (Type B), images are built up of
lines or dots of varying intensity, sometimes referred to as "tele-
photo" and "photoradio."
Feeder (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to telecommunications fa-
cilities of relatively low capacity that join facilities of relatively
high capacity. (See Main.)
Frequency: The rate in cycles per second at which an electric current,
voltage, wave, or field alternates in amplitude and/or direction.
(See Band.)
Frequency modulation (FM): The process by which a selected carrier
frequency is varied in frequency by other frequencies that contain
the information to be transmitted in telecommunications. (See Ampli-,
tude modulation.)
-13 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
Functional (as an adjective): Of, pertaining to, or connected with
special, unique, or particular telecommunications facilities managed
and operated by a single agency, organization, company, department,
committee, ministry, or other entity, In contrast to the facilities
of a basic system. (See Basic system.)
Group: A number of channels (usmoly 12) or sub channels combined
(multiplexed) electrically in building up the total capacity of a
telecommunications circuit, lane, or supergroup.
Ionosphere: Those layers of the earth's atmosphere occupying the
space about 210 statute miles in thickness extending from about
30 statute miles above the earth's surface to the outer reaches
(exosphere) of the atmosphere. Reflection from these layers makes
possible long-distance transmission of radio signals. The layers,
however, are responsible for fading of signals, skip distance, and
differences between daytime and nighttime radio reception. The
layers also are used as a scattering reflector for ionospheric
scatter-transmission techniques to transmit to distances of about
1,000 to 1,500 statute miles.
Joint facility: A telecommunications facility owned, controlled, or
operated by two or more agencies, organizations, companies, depart-
ments, committees, ministries, or other entities.
Lane: A one-way portion, electrical or physical, of a two-way tele-
communications circuit that can be used independently of and simul-
taneously with all other portions. The largest lane today can handle
600 telephone Channels or 1 television program. In some applications
the direction of a lane may be reversed.
Leased (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to the direct operation
by a user of a telecommunications facility owned by another agency.
Line: A general term used to delineate a telecommunications circuit
facility. (wire, cable, or radio).
Main (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to telecommunications facili-
ties at and between principal cities and centers that have relatively
high capacity compared with feeder facilities. (See Feeder.)
Medium: Any substance or space that can be used practically to trans-
mit a form of electrical energy for the purpose of providing telecom-
munications service.
Microwave radio relay (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to a radio
medium technique in modern telecommunications employing radio fre-
quencies higher than 300 mc. These frequencies normally do not afford
- 14 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
practical direct transmission to great distances, principally be-
cause they do not bend well around the earthts surface and because
they do not reflect well from the ionosphere. They are, however,
capable of reliable transmission from horizon to horizon (line-of-
sight) by the use of special antennas that concentrate the radio
energy and give it desired direction. In consequence, great dis-
tances can be reached by this technique by the interposition of relay
stations along the route of the line with a spacing interval of from
25 to 4o statute miles, depending on terrain conditions. This tech-
nique can be employed practically to carry from a small number of tele-
phone channels and telegraph subchannels to thousands of such channels
and subdhannels through two or more lanes and to carry one of more
television and other specialized lanes and channels. (See Band.)
Mobile (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to a telecommunications
facility that is intended to be operational while in motion or dur-
ing halts at unspecified points. (See Portable.)
Modulation: The process of altering a carrier frequency or carrier
pulses by other frequencies or pulses representing the information
being transmitted.
Multiplex (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to the combining of
information signals, modulated or unmodulated, of two or more lanes,
supergroups, groups, channels, or sabchannels for transmission over
the same circuit.
Network: An interconnection, electrical or physical, of two or more
circuits or portions thereof for the purpose of facilitating tele-
communications service.
Point-to-point (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to telecommuni-
cations service between fixed points, using the radio medium.
Portable (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to a telecommunications
facility that can be readily moved from place to place but normally
is not operational while in motion. (See Mobile.)
Private (as an adjective): Belonging to or concerning an individual
person, organization, institution, or activity; not public or common.
Pulse: A spurt of electrical energy of extremely short duration
--(ugaally measured in millionths of a second) yet capable of being
used in telecommunications to transmit information.
Quad: In a multiconductor telecommunications cable, the physical as-
sociation of a group of four conductors in any one of various arrange-
ments for the purpose of providing two-way multichannel operation.
- 15 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
Reception base: The aggregate telecommunications receiving facilities
employed in providing a broadcast service.
Route: The geographical path followed by a wire, cable, or radio line.
Scatter (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to a radio medium tech-
nique in modern telecommunications by Which energy in radio frequen-
cies above 30 mc is deliberately scattered into one or the other of
two reflecting portions of the atmosphere (troposphere and ionosphere)
at such a predetermined angle that a usable portion of the energy
arrives at the desired receiving location. This technique is espe-
cially applicable to regions in high latitudes (Arctic and Antarctic)
Where facilities of other media suffer from the rigors of weather and
terrain and Where the conventional long-distance radio media of the
lower frequency bands (200 kc to 30 mc) are subject to serious dis-
ruptive propagational anomalies. (See Band.)
Subchannel: A, portion, electrical or physical, of a telecommunica-
tions channel that can be used independently of and simultaneously
with all other portions. An appreciable number of telephone channels
usually can be subchanneled to carry from 3 to 20 sixty-word-per-
minute teletype sdbChannels on each telephone channel so employed.
Subscriber: Any customer Who directly operates telecommunications
apparatus in obtaining telecommunications service.
Supergroup: A number of groups (often five) combined (multiplexed)
electrically in building up the total capacity of a telecommunications
circuit or lane.
System: All of the facilities and networks managed by a single agency,
organization, company, department, committee, ministry, or other en-
tity in rendering either functional or basic telecommunications ser-
vice.
Telecommunications: Transmission, reception, or exchange of informa-
tion between distant points by electrical energy over a wire, cable,
or radio medium facility to produce telephone, telegraph, facsimile,
broadcast (aural and visual), and other similar services.
Teletype (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to a technique for ef-
fecting telegraph service by the use of an apparatus similar to a
typewriter in Which information is transmitted by keyboard and re-
ceived by type printer on a roll of paper or tape or by perforations
on a roll of tape or both. The apparatus is sometimes called a
"teleprinter" or a "teletypewriter."
- 16 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
Transmission base: The aggregate telecommunications transmitting fa-
cilities employed in providing broadcast service.
Transistor: A modern device that is capable of performing in a solid
(g?er7?mailm or silicon) many of the functions performed by the conven-
tional electronic tube in a gas or vacuum.
Troposphere: The layer of the earth's atmosphere occupying the space
from the earth's surface to a height of About 6 statute miles. This
layer is used as a scattering reflector for tropospheric scatter-
transmission techniques to distances of about 200 to 500 statute miles.
Wave guide (as an adjective): Of or pertaining to a telecommunications
medium, now under development in several countries, that may be capa-
ble of transmitting extremely large amounts of conventional and complex
information. It consists of a circular or rectangular hollow metallic
tube in Which electrical energy travels in the form of waves, much as
do sound waves in a speaking tube.
Wire diffusion: Distribution of broadcast programs by a wire or cable
medium to wired loudspeakers.
Wired loudspeaker: A telecommunications loudspeaker that receives
from a distributiOn, point one or more broadcast programs by a wire
or cable medium.
Wireline: A general term used to identify a line consisting of either
an aerial cable (and/or separate wires) or an underground cable used
as a telecommunications medium.
-17-
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
APPENDIX B
ORGANIZATIONS MENTIONED IN THIS REPORT
Abbreviation Full Name
International
Translation Headquarters
EBU European Broadcasting Union Brussels
ITU International Telecommunication Union Geneva
OIRT International Radiobroadcasting and Television Prague
Organization
Intra-Bloc
CEMA Council for Mutual Economic Assistance Moscow
OSS Organizatsiya Sotrudnichestva Svyazi* Organization for Cooperation Among Socialist Moscow
Countries in the Fields of Post and Com-
munications
OSShD German transliteration of Russian OSZhD Organization for Cooperation Among Socialist Warsaw
Organizatsiya Sotrudnichestva Zheleznykh Railroads
Dorog
Internal
USSR
IZMIRAN Institut Zemnogo Magnetizma Ionosfery i Institute for Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere Krasnaya Pakhra,
Reprostraneniya Radiovoln, Akademiya Nauk and Radio-Wave Propagation, Academy of Sciences Moscow Oblast
The exact designation of OSS is unknown.
- 19 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25 : CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Abbreviation
Full Name
Translation
Headquarters
Internal
USSR (Continued)
NIITs
TsKB
TsNIIR
TsNIIS
Nauchno-Issledovatel'skiy Institut Gorodskoy i
Sel'skoy Telefonnoy Svyazi
Tsentral'noye Konstruktskoye Byuro
Tsentrallnyy Nauchno-Issledovatel'skiy
Institut Radioizmereniy
Tsentral'nyy Nauchno-Issledovatel'skiy
Scientific Research Institute of Urban and Rural
Telephone Communications
Central Design Bureau
Central Scientific Research Institute of
Radiomeasurements
Central Scientific Research Institute of
Leningrad
Moscow
Moscow
Moscow
Institut Svyazi
Communications
Bulgaria
NIIS
Nauchno-Issledovatelski Institut
Suobshteniyata
Scientific Research Institute for Communi-
cations
Sofia
Czechoslovakia
VURT
Vyzkumny Ustav Rozhlasu a Televize
Research Institute for Broadcasting and
Prague
Television
VUS
Vyzkumny Ustar Spoju
Research Institute for Communications
Prague
East Germany
BRF
Betriebslaboratorium fuer Rundfunk und
Laboratory for Radio and Television
East Berlin
Fernsehen
IFF
Institut fuer Post- und Fernmeldewesen
Institute for Postal Affairs and Communications
East Berlin
Hungary
PKI
Posta Kiserleti Intezet
Postal Service Experimental Institute
Budapest
Fbland
IL
Instytut Lacznosci
Institute for Communications
Warsaw
- 20 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
APPENDIX C
LIST OF INDEPENDENT OSS PROJECTS 21
Project Number
Subject
Participating
Country
Institute
1/59
Studies on the frequency compression of television signals
USSR
TsNIIR
East Germany
BRF
5/59
Studies of ionospheric and tropospheric scatter
USSR
IsNIIR
Bulgaria
NIIS
VUS
13/59
Development of measures to counteract the rotting of wooden masts
USSR
TsNIIS
Bulgaria
NIIS
Czechoslovakia
VUS
East Germany
IPF
Hungary
PKI
Poland
IL
Rumania
N.A.
14/59
Development of nonwood masts
USSR
TsNIIS
Bulgaria
NIIS
Czechoslovakia
VUS
Bland
IL
a. All data are from source 12/. Consecutive numbers appear to be assigned indiscriminately to either
independent projects or coordinated projects (which are listed in Appendix D). Some numbered projects
are not mentioned in this report, because information is not available.
-21 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved forRelease2013/03/25 : CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Project Number
Subject
Participating
Country
Institute
15/59
Studies in the field of telephone acoustics
USSR
TsNIIS
Bulgaria
NIIS
Czechoslovakia
VUS
East Germany
IPF
Hungary
PKI
Poland
IL
Rumania
N.A.
18.01/59
Development of railroad mail cars
Czechoslovakia
N.A.
East Germany
N.A.
Hungary
PKI
18.02/59
Development of containers for bag and package delivery
Czechoslovakia
N.A.
East Germany
N.A.
18.03/59
Development of machinery for posting and stamping letters
USSR
TsNIIS
TsEB
Rumania
N.A.
18.o4/59
Development of a semiautomatic machine for sorting letters in
USSR
TsNIIS
70 to 140 directions
TsKB
Bulgaria
NIIS
East Germany
IPF
Rumania
N.A.
- 22 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
Participating
Project Number Subject Country Institute
18.05/59 Development of an automatic machine for sorting letters in 200 or USSR TsNIIS
more directions TsKB
Bulgaria NIIS
East Germany IPF
18.06/59 Development of a semiautomatic machine for sorting packages Czechoslovakia VUS
weighing 3 to 5 kilograms East Germany N.A.
18.07/59 Development of semiautomatic machines for sorting packages in USSR TsNIIS
20 or more directions TsKB
East Germany IPF
18.08/59 Development of equipment for dispatching and signaling services USSR TsNIIS
in large post offices East Germany IFF
18.09/59 Development of a transfer-acceptance machine Czechoslovakia VUS
18.10/59 Development of an automatic scale for weighing letters up to Czechoslovakia VUS
2 kilograms Hungary PKI
Poland IL
18.11/59 Development of an automatic scale for weighing packages up to Czechoslovakia VUS
25 kilograms Hungary PKI
Poland IL
-23 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Project Number
18.12/59
Subject
Development of an automatic scale for counting and stamping
packages
Participating
Country Institute
Czechoslovakia VUS
Hungary PKI
Poland IL
18.13/59 Coin automats for the sale of stamps, postcards, and newspapers USSR TsNIIS
East Germany IkT
Hungary PKI
Rumania N.A.
18.14/59 Counter automats for the sale of stamps
East Germany IPF
Poland IL
18.15/59 Development of category-sorting of letters USSR N.A.
East Germany IFF
Poland IL
18.16/59 Study and evaluation of the economic advantages of mechanization USSR TsNIIS
in postal operations Czechoslovakia VUS
East Germany IPF
19.04/59 Development of semiautomatic machines for sorting letters in USSR TsNIIS
70 to 140 directions TsKB
Bulgaria NIIS
East Germany It-10
Rumania N.A.
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
APPENDIX D
LIST OF COORDINATED OSS PROJECTS 2/
Project Number
Subject
Directing
Participating
Country
Institute
Country
Institute
2/59
Studies in the field of telephone traffic theory
East Germany
IPF
USSR
VUS
Czechoslovakia
NIITs
Poland
IL
3/59
Studies in the field of radio interference
East Germany
BRF
USSR
TsNIIR
Bulgaria
NIIS
Czechoslovakia
VUS
Hungary
PKI
Poland
IL
4/59
Studies for perfecting black and white television
USSR
IsNIIR
Bulgaria
NIIS
Czechoslovakia
VURT
East Germany
BRF
Poland
IL
6/59
Studies on the extension of medium and long waves over
long distances
East Germany
BRF
USSR
Bulgaria
=MIRAN
NIIS
Poland
IL
a. All data are from source 11/. Consecutive numbers appear to be assigned indiscriminately to either coordinated projects or
independent projects (which are listed in Appendix C). Some numbered projects are not mentioned in this report, because infor-
mation is not available.
- 25 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
Project Number
8/59
10/59
11/59
12/59
16/59
Subject
Directing
Country
Studies for measuring the level of atmospheric interference USSR
Studies concerning technical requirements for intra-Bloc
and international telegraph service
Institute
Participating
Country
=MIRAN Bulgaria
Communist China
Czechoslovakia
East Germany IPF
Developments of procedures and instruments for keeping
cable under pressure and locating malfunctions Poland
Studies for protecting telecommunications facilities Hungary
against interference by high-tension power lines, elec-
tric railroads, and the like
Development of new testing procedures and instruments for USSR
long-distance traffic on cable and radio relay lines
- 26 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
IL
Rumania
USSR
Bulgaria
Poland
USSR
East Germany
USSR
Communist China
Czechoslovakia
East Germany
Poland
TsNIIR USSR
Bulgaria
Communist China
Czechoslovakia
East Germany
Hungary
Poland
Rumania
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Institute
NIIS
N.A.
VURT
VT-IS
N.A.
DOI'S
NIIS
IL
TsNIIS
IPF
TsNIIS
N.A.
VI-IS
IPF
IL
IsNIIS
NIIS
NIIS
VUS
IPF
PKI
IL
N.A.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
S-E-C-R-E-T
Project Number
Subject
Directing
Participating
Country
Institute
Country
Institute
17/59
Development of power installations for emergency switching
East Germany
IPF
Czechoslovakia
VUS
Bulgaria
NIIS
1/60
Studies on the construction and maintenance of wireline and
cable
USSR
TsNIIS
East Germany
Poland
IPF
IL
1/61
Development of radio interference measuring technology for
a range of 300 to 1,000 megacycles
East Germany
BRF
USSR
Czechoslovakia
TsNIIR
VUS
2/61
Economic studies for determining limits of research and
radio interference
Czechoslovakia
VUS
USSR
Poland
TsNIIR
IL
3/61
Equipment specifications for audio-frequency telegraph
installations
USSR
TsNIIS
Czechoslovakia
Communist China
VUS
NIIS
East Germany
IPF
Poland
IL
4/61
Equipment specifications for transmission channels for data
transmission
USSR
TsNIIS
Czechoslovakia
East Germany
VUS
IPF
Poland
IL
Communist China
N.A.
5/61
Development of electronic automatic telephone exchange and
related sets
East Germany
IPF
USSR
Czechoslovakia
NIITs
VUS
VURT
6/61
Development of a system for stereophonic radiobroadcasting
East Germany
BRF
USSR
IsNIIR
Czechoslovakia
VURT
Poland
IL
- 27 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25: CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Project Number
Subject
Directing
Participating
Country
Institute
Country
Institute
7/61
Development of a color television system
USSR
TsNIIR
Czechoslovakia
VURT
East Germany
BRF
Poland
IL
8/61
Development of technology for use of bands IV and V in
television
USSR
TsNIIR
Czechoslovakia
East Germany
1/US
BRF
Poland
IL
9/61
Development of technology for using coaxial cables on local
television feeder installations
USSR
TsNIIS
Czechoslovakia
East Germany
VUS
IPF
Poland
IL
10/61
Development of radio interference measuring devices for a
range of 300 to 1,000 megacycles
East Germany
BRF
USSR
Czechoslovakia
TsNIIR
VUS
Poland
IL
11/61
Development of system and specifications for the transport
of foreign mail
East Germany
IPF
Communist China
Czechoslovakia
N.A.
VUS
East Germany
IPF
Poland
IL
1/62
Investigation of the costs and reliability of plastic
cables
N.A.
N.A.
2/62
Research on wave propagation in bands IV and V
East Germany
BRF
Czechoslovakia
VUS
Poland
IL
Rumania
N.A.
3/62
Economic studies for mail processing procedures
Poland
IL
Czechoslovakia
1/US
East Germany
LET
Hungary
PKI
Poland
IL
- 28 -
S-E-C-R-E-T
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25 : CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
R
Next 2 Page(s) In Document Denied
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
50X1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
SECRET
SECRET
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/03/25:
CIA-RDP79R01141A002400060001-7
50X1
50X1