CHRONOLOGY OF SIGNIFICANT EVENTS SINCE 20 JANUARY 1961

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CIA-RDP79S00427A000400050001-0
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December 15, 1999
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TOP SECRET DINAR ; Approved For Rele 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S004A000400050001-0 CHRONOLOGY OF SIGNIFICANT EV WIS .SINCE 20 January 1961 90 January 1961 'Thy American embassy in Moscow. reported that "solidarity meetings" in Soviet factories, as described by a n tuber of press reports, featured pledge* of support by Soviet trade union groups for the Cuban .revolution. Accounts of these meetings usually featured the "warning" that in the event of a US attack on Cuba, the Cuban people would have the support of 25X1D all peoples., ",.and first in. lime will be the heroic working class of the Soviet union." 25 January 1961 25X1 D 12 February .1961 In a speech given .at the. conclusion of a meeting of technical advisers in Havana, Fidel Castro savagely attacked the Kennedy administration and then said: "As of today Cuba is.going to dec.lase that if the Un#ed States has the right to promote counter- revolution in Cuba and Latin America, Cuba has the right to encourage revolution in Latin. America 'V ''me;, Guevara speAUing at the same meeting, told the delegates: "You must recall that we have already overcome many. obstacles and'our responsibility extends beyond the frontiers of Cuba. Each time Approved for Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S00427A000400050001-0 11 . TOP SECRET DINAR TOP SECRET DINAR Approved For Relae 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S00A000400050001-0 we take a step ahead we are aiding the liberation of all America from a savage yoke," 25X1 D 22 February 1.961 Armed force minister Raul Castro, in an address to a group of militiamen who were graduating from. a training course, said that when the Eisenhower administration "threatened to attack Cuba, the Chinese People's Republic sent Cuba hundreds of machine guns for which the people of Cuba did not have to pay a single centavo, as a gift from the workers and farmers of the CPR," This constitutes the only 25X1D occasion upon which a regime leader men- d d cone irect Cnicom mall assistance to Cuba. G4~.614 UA --UV, bl.1 ti c:vntaanea ttie announcement that 38 Cuban students were going to the Soviet Union for nine months of "aeronautical studies," and that they d~ would specialize in cvh an hel ese probably are the Cubans referred to 6 March 1961 13 March 1961 which they had been trained. in an early May report from a Cuban defector in West Berlin, who said that "30 Cubans" arrived in Prague on l March and left the next day for the USSR, where they were to undergo "eight months of pilot training" 25X1D for an unspecified type of military air- craft. The report added that the Cubans would return to Cuba with the planes for 25X1 C 25X1 C Approved For Release2000/0P 7 CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 ET DINAR TOP SECRET DINAR Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S004goPA000400050001-0 14 March 1961 Fidel Castro referring to alleged US plans to support an anti-Castro Cuban government-in- exile, said- "Very well' Let the Yankees name the government-in-exile when they want to; we will name many governments-in.exile, and to begin with, the government-in-exile of Free Puerto Rico," 25X1 D Mid-March 1961 A Salvadoran newspaper featured several two- page spreads which reproduced documents purportedly taken from secret Cuban embassy files directly implicating embassy officials25X1D and the Cuban foreign office in intervention in Salvadoran internal affairs. 25X1 D 18 March 1961 25X1 D 22 March 1961 25X1 C 25X1 D 28 March 1961 The Panamanian government declared the Cuban consul in Colon persona non grata, chargh.g him with associating with subversive elements. The Cuban representative had arrived in Pamiama on 13 December but had never been issued an exequatur by the Panamanian government, He 25X1D had replaced a consul expelled on s? ? r charges on 3 December, 30 March 1961 The American embassy in Prague reported that during a recent recruiting drive for specia- lists to go to Cuba, a Czechoslovak official noted that a special team of Czech experts had already been sent to train Cubans in modern police methods. The official, who was from the Ministry of the Interior, stated that Czechoslovakia was actively recruiting medical specialists, party workers, propagandists, and production engineers to go to Cuba for two-or- three-year tours, 3 Approved For Release 200 0/04//117 : CIA DINAR S00427A000400050001-0 SECRET TOP SECRET DINAR Approved For Rel&e 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S00A000400050001-0 25X1 D 4 April 1961 10 April 1961 On 19 May the embassy reported receiving information from a Czech official that the Interior Ministry had sent training teams to Havana for all fields of police work,, with particular emphasis on political police acti- vity. Czechoslovakia was about to send a Border Police team to Havana with its own dogs in order to train Cuban do handlers, the source reported A Paris radio report said that 55 of the Cubans sent to Czechoslovakia for a three-year train- ing program had interrupted their stay and returned to Havana "in view of the critical situation in Cuba". The report did not speci- fy the type of trainin the Cubans were re- 25X1Dceiving. 25X1 D 17 April 1961 25X1 D 18 April 1961 A Soviet government statement said that continu- ation of the invasion of Cuba "may have the gravest consequences for world peace," The statement also declared that the USSR "re- serves the right to take all measures, with all states, to render the necessary assistance to the Republic of Cuba if the armed interference in the affairs of the Cuban peoples is not stopped," it also expressed the hope that the US government would understand that the inva- sion of Cuba could "endanger the peaceful life of the population of the United States itself." 25X1 D 22 April 1961 In his second letter to President Kennedy on the subject of Cuba, Soviet Premier Khrushchev sought to establish the impression that the strong position taken by the USSR was a key fac- tor in turning back the rebel effort to over- Approved For Release 6 / dCRET DRNA~S00427A000400050001-0 TOP SECRET DINAR Approved For Ref et2000/0*1"7C P[ ISSOA AO00ous letter and the Soviet government statement of 18 April, Khrushchev carefully avoided commit- ting the USSR to any specific measures in sup- port of Castro. His reference to the US pre- sence at Guantanamo "against the clearly ex- pressed wish of the Cuban people and govern- ent"apparently was intended to serve notice that the USSR would strongly support a Cuban demand that the US relinquish its Naval Base 25X1 D there. On the other hand, Khrushchev said., ."We do not have any bases in Cuba and we do not intend to establish any." 24 April 1961 The Honduran government of President Villeda Morales became the eight Latin American govern- Cuba. The action came as the result of ay mass anti-Castro demonstration on 21 April which evidently convinced the president that the ma- 25X1D jority of Hondurans desired to break with Cuba until it submitted "to the norms and disci of the inter-American system.,, 7 May 1961 In an address to 1,000 prospective members of a new corps of "revolutionary instructors" for the armed forces, Fidel Castro said that "poli- tical and revolutionary awareness" was the "most important thing" within the Cuban m1li.- tary organization. He referred to Havana as the primary target of a possible Invasion by "US troops," and he declared that combat units had to be prepared and fortifications made "im- pregnable" so that the Cuban capital could be 25X1 D defended "in the same manner in which Soviet soldiers defended Leningrad S d" in World War II. 8 May 1961 The Cuban government initiated a program to process about.3,500 men between the ages of 18 and 24 in order to select about 200 of the best qualified candidates. for flight training, ac- cording to a fairly reliable source. The govern- ment reportedly hoped that 40 or 45 of the 200 would become qualified as pilots, with the re- mainder then being assigned as members of flight crews. No training site was mentioned in the report, but assuming that adequate training 25X1 D facilities and personnel remain unavailable in Cuba, the trainees presumably would o to the Bloc for such Instruction, 9 May 1961 The Venezuelan government announced the sus- pension of the activities of the Caracas branch of Prensa Latina, the Castro regime's Approved For Release 2000704M -RDP7 SO0427A000400050001-0 TOP DINAR TOP SECRET DINAR Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S0041A000400050001-0 25X1D 21 May 1961 25X1 D international propaganda agency. The office was shut down because of the dis- torted pro-Castro and anti-Betancourt treatment given to political and economic news items disseminated by Prensa La " na within veneauela, The Soviet merchant ship Bolshevik Sukhanov delivered a cargo to the Cuban port of Marcel on 21 or 22 May under circumstances suggest- ing that this was the first major Bloc 22 May 1961 20 Cubans, estimated to be about 18 to 21 years old, were observed departing from a Prague airport for the USSR. All wore dark civilian clothes but carried Czech Army insignia in their lapels, most of which were identified as artillery insignia. The Cubans.were almost certainly army per- sonnel who were to receive military training in the USSR,. some of whom may have received preliminary training in Czechoslovakia. At least 150 Cubans had previously been reported 25X1D to be receiving military training in Czechoslovakia, as well as an undetermined number in the USSR. 31 May 1961 25X1 D Approved For Releas 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S00427A000400050001-0 SOP SECRET DINAR Approved For ReleasTA0 A9~~ I 5004 A000400050001-0 NOW 1 June 1961 15 June 1961. 25X1 D Cuban Air Force sources reported that Soviet jet bombers--presumably II-28's would be re=- ceived in Cuba during June. A Cubana Airlines pilot who defected at about the same time also reported that Soviet-made "light bombers" 25X1D would arrive in June. The bombers, according to this source, would be '"very similar to those sold to Egypt by the USSR." The Soviet merchant ship Partizan Bonivur a?- rived at a Cuban port on or about this date, carrying what is believed to have been a mili- tary cargo. With the exception of a single po- sition report on 18 May--when the ship was lo- cated in the Mediterranean--the vessel had main- tained communications silence since 23 April, 25X1D when it arrived at Odessa after a voyage from Singapore. The lack of information about its subsequent voyage, plus the absence of periodic position reports, indicate the probable milita cargo it delivered to Cuba. wiffift The transfer of the Cuban 0-2 secret Police organization and other police and intelligence organs to a new Ministry of the interior was announced. Ramiro Valdes, chief of 0-2--- henceforth to be called the Department of State Security--was named as head of the new ministry. The Ministry of the Interior appears to have 25X1 D been modelled after the organizations respon- sible for internal security In Bloc countries, and its creation may presage a further increase in the efficiency of the Castro regime?s security apparatus. 25X1 D Approved For Release MP/0 LrRLSI 4-F$ PO500427A000400050001-0 TOP SECRET DINAR Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S00A000400050001-0 at San Antonio de los Banos airbase. On 30 June three of these'aircraft were positively identified as MIG-15's. Also in mid-June a 16 June 1961 17 June 1961 21 June 1961 25X1 C 25X1 D 25X1 D A Sind/Soviet Bloc diplomat in Czechoslovakia reported that 100 Cubans were due to arrive 25X1 D in Czechoslovakia between 18 and 24 June for pilot training 25X1 D Approved For Release eQQ0/ 4/1C7I CqI DpA9S00427A000400050001-0 TOP SECRET DINAR Approved For Releftd 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S004 000400050001-0 22 June.1961 25X1 D 25 June 1961 27 June 1961 The Soviet merchant vessel Deputat Lutskiy took on a cargo in the port of Leningrad which in- cluded 24 cases containing AN-2 ("COLT") air- craft, and 17 cases described only as contain- ing aircraft. The shipment presumably was to be delivered to Cuba on or about 15 July, 25X1D since the vessel was scheduled to load a sugar cargo there during the 15-25 July period. 28 June 1961 The Cuban press warmly praised a number of Czech pilots who had taken part in "exciting 25X1D aerobatic demonstrations" in Trener-Master Z-326 aircraft 9t P nnhn RAt7eros airfield 28 June 1961 25X1 C Approved For Releast&(90( 4 f IA P79S00427A000400050001-0 TOP SECRET DJNAR Approved For Releae 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S004000400050001-0 25X1 C 25X1 D 30 June 196. 25X1 C 2 July 1961 25X1 C Approved For Releas~20190/04//17:CI RDPP7~9S00427A000400050001-0 T DI SECRET SABRE Approved For Rele'a. 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S00 A000400050001-0 MAJOR BLOC ARMS 8RIPME1 `S TO _: UBA eptem er - June 1961) These shipments comprised the bulk of Bloc arms deliveries to Cuba and are .believed to have consisted largely of military hardware: tanks, artillery, aircraft, ammunition, and small arms. Much of the related. equipment, particularly motor vehicles, was delivered on other ships. Satellite and nonbloc ships have delivered small quantities of ammunition, small arms, and explosives to Cuba from Eastern Europe and Communist China. ETA Ship 1960 8 September 1 October 7 October 18 October 19 December 20 December 29 December 1961 6 January 12 January 18 January 23 January 17 February 18 March 10 April 23 May Ilya Mechnikov Sergei Kirov Nikolai Burdenko Atkarsk Tsimlyanskges Kislovodsk Almetevsk Berdyansk Ivan Sechenov Ilya Mechnikov Volkhovges Metallurg Baikov Ivan Pavlov Nikolai Burdenko Bolshevik Sukhanov Military Cargo (approximate onnages) 4000 tons 3000 tons 3200 tons 2500 tons 3200 tons 4400 tons 4300 tons 3200 tons 2300 tons 1800 tons 2500 tons 1000 tons 2100 tons unknown* unknown Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET SABRE SECRET SABRE Approved For Releaei6 2000/04/17 CIA-RDP79SO04 4000400050001-0 ETA Ship Military Cargo (approx ma a tonnates) 2 June 9 June 16 June 25X1 Partizan Bonivur Labinsk Leninsky Komsomol Since that time precise tonnages usually are not avail- able. This delivery cannot be established with certainly. Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET SABRE Approved For Reldee a 200 0/1 f CIARDP79SO0 A00040005O01-a NOT RELEASABLE TO 11 July 1961 FOREIGN NATIONALS SC No. 07595-61-D Copy No. Supplement to THE MILITARY BUILDUP IN CUBA A CHRONOLOGY OF SIGNIFICANT EVENTS SINCE 20 JANUARY 1961 A Report Prepared by an Ad Hoc Committee of the United States Intelligence Board Approved by the United States Intelligence Board 11 July 1961 THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS CODE WORD MATERIAL CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY This document contains classified information affecting the national security of the United States within the meaning of the espionage laws, US Code Title 18, Sections 793, 794, and 798. The law prohibits / its transmission or the revelation of its contents in any manner to / an unauthorized person, as well as its use in any manner prejudicial O to the safety or interest of the United States or for the benefit of any foreign government to the detriment of the United States. It is to be seen only by US personnel especially indoctrinated and authorized to receive COMMUNICATIONS INTELLIGENCE infor- mation; its security must be maintained in accordance with COM- / MUNICATIONS INTELLIGENCE REGULATIONS. 2 No action is to be taken on any COMMUNICATIONS INTELLI- GENCE which may be contained herein, regardless of the advan- tages to be gained, unless such action is first approved by the Director of Central Intelligence. Approved For Release 2T /1 S T9500427A000400050001-0 Approved For RIase 2MOP175Eg;R9SGG427A000400050001-0 / Approved For Release 20 f op175te 9S00427A000400050001-0 SECRET NOFORN Approved For Rel6V*e 2000/04/17: CIA-RDP79SO04UA00040 NOT RELEASABLE TO 11 July 1961 FOREIGN NATIONALS OCI No. 2866-61-C CONTINUED CONTROL Copy No. THE MILITARY BUILDUP IN CUBA A Report Prepared by an Ad Hoc Committee of the United States Intelligence Board THIS MATERIAL CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECT- ING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE OF THE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE ESPIONAGE LAWS, TITLE 18,USC,SECTIONS 793 AND 794,THE TRANSMIS- SION OR REVELATION OF WHICH IN ANY MANNER TO AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS PROHIBITED BY LAW. Approved by the United States Intelligence Board 11 July 1961 RETURN TO ARCHIVES Ft RECORDS CENTER IMMEDIATELY AFTER USE JOB q q S r ~I D ase 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050 SECRET NOFORN SECRET NOFORN Approved For ReNase 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S00 7A000400050001-0 MILITARY BUILDUP IN CUBA Table of Contents PART I Conclusions (SECRET) PART II Discussion (SECRET) PART III Chronology of Significant Events Since 20 January 1961 (SECRET NOFORN) Annexes Annex 1 Arms and Equipment of Cuban Army (SECRET) Annex 2 Cuban Air Force Equipment (SECRET) Annex 3 A General Map of Cuba Which Also Shows Airfields 6,000 Feet or Longer (CONFIDENTIAL) Annex 4 A List of Dates When Selected Countries Recognized the Castro Regime (UNCLASSIFIED) Annex 5 A List of Dates When Countries Broke or Suspended Relations With Cuba (UNCLASSIFIED) THE PROBLEM To assess the extent of Sino-Soviet Bloc military collaboration with the Castro regime, and to examine in detail the Cuban military buildup since Castro came to power. Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET NQFO:RN Approved For Rele 2000/04W-RDP79S0042A000400050001-0 I CONCLUSIONS 1. The Soviet Bloc continues to extend considerable military assistance to Cuba in the form of military equipment, training, and technicians and advisers. Thus far, aircraft consisting of MIG-type jets, some helicopters, light transports, piston trainers, and a wide assortment of armaments ranging from small arms through medium artillery and heavy tanks have been positively identified. There are tenuous indications that Cuba may receive some Soviet jet light bombers. An estimate of the total quantities and types of equipment received thus far is shown in Annex es,l. and 2. Some military equipment--such as a few Soviet T-54 medium tanks--which probably has been received in Cuba but that has not been positively identified or enumerated is not included in Annex 1. There is no evidence that any nuclear weaoons or guided missiles are now in Cuba. Military training of Cubans in the Bloc is con- tinuing and some probably have already returned for duty in Cuba. Soviet Bloc military technicians and probably instructor pilots are in Cuba. No Chinese Communist military personnel have been identified as being in Cuba, 2. There is no evidence that any Sino-Soviet Bloc country has dispatched or is organizing a "volunteer" force for military service in Cuba. 3. The Sino.-Soviet Bloc has gone a long way toward identify- ing itself with the maintenance of the Castro regime. The via- bility of Cuba's economy has become dependent on continued Bloc Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S00427A000400050001-0 SECRET SECRET Alproved For Rel a 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0 A000400050001-0 assistance, The successful Soviet effort to provide Cuba with all its petroleum needs has been at considerable expense and dis- ruption to its normal tanker operations and the Soviet Union has given priority to other Cuban needs even on occasion at the ex- pense of other trading partners. 4. The Sino-Soviet Bloc's support for the Castro regime is part of its larger efforts to isolate the United States and to weaken and eventually destroy its influence throughout the world. The Soviets desire to establish Cuba as a secure base of operations for furthering their aims throughout Latin America. The Castro regime has already become an effective instrument of the Bloc to- ward achieving these ends in Latin America and, to a lesser extent, among underdeveloped and emerging nations throughout the world. In short, for most practical purposes, the present Cuban Govern- ment can be regarded as Communist, and its military dependence on the Bloc is steadily increasing. Cuba, under the present Communist control, provides a better base of operations for subversion and propaganda throughout Latin America than the Soviets have ever had. The strongly anti-United States and pro-Soviet regime of Castro's serves their purposes well; it gives a native color to Communist agitation and limits the risk of a hemisphere-wide reaction against outside Communist intervention. 5. The Soviet Bloc military equipment already shipped to Cuba, as well as prior military purchases by Castro from Western sources, have contributed substantially to a major buildup of Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET Approved For Rele 2000/041 fC8 RDP79SO041A000400050001-0 ground and air forces there. As a result, the Cuban ground forces are probably now better equipped than those of any other Latin American country. The Cuban military buildup is reflected in the great expansion of personnel in the Cuban military and militia forces. The present Cuban ground forces consist of the Revolu- tionary Army of approximately 32,000, the Revolutionary National Police of 9,000, and the militia estimated at more than 200,000. The combat effectiveness of the combat elements of the army and the militia has greatly improved since November 1960 and together they must now be considered as constituting one of the most effective ground forces in Latin America. Present capabilities of the Cuban Navy are limited to the patrol of selected portions of the coast. The combat capability of the Cuban Air Force is still low, but it can provide limited support to the ground forces and assist in maintaining internal security. However, with the acquisition of MIG aircraft and the return of Bloc- trained personnel, the capability of the air force will be great- ly enhanced over the coming months. If augmented by aircraft of the civil airline, the Cuban Air Force has a fair troop and cargo transport capability. 6. Initially, the purpose of Cuba's military buildup was self defense. Anti-Castro guerrillas were active in several areas inside Cuba and exile groups had posed a constant invasion threat. However, the current sharpening and strengthening of all the instruments of police state control suggest that the related Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET SECRET Approved For Rel a 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S004VA000400050001-0 motive of tightening the dictatorship is an equal, if not present- ly the prime, purpose of the military buildup. The regime, which is imposing a thorough socio-economic revolution on the country at a faster pace than almost any other government in history, evi- dently estimates that its domestic objectives can be achieved only through the regimentation of the Cuban people under a police state. This clearly parallels the objectives of the Cuban Communist Party and thus furthers the aims of the international Communist movement. 7. The militia is a primary instrument of the state in strengthening and extending its control. Drawn from rural and urban lower income groups, a hard core of the militia is well- equipped and is organized with increasing efficiency while a larger portion is undergoing regular part time military training. Some militia units have been assigned to duties normally carried out by the armed forces. The militia provides the government with a substantial armed force with which to control the populace as a whole and subjects a relatively large number of Cubans to military discipline and political indoctrination. At the same time, it contributes toward solving the serious unemployment problem. Com- munist influence in the militia is extensive. The militia has proven an effective fighting force in the anti-guerrilla campaigns in the Escambray mountains early this year and against the anti- Castro force that landed on 17 April. The effectiveness of the militia reflected an improved state of training, acceptable leader- ship, and generally good morale as well as the regime's ability to - 4 - Approved For Release 2000/0 RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 / 6k Q- SECRET Approved For Rele 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO042ZA000400050001-0 mass large numbers of men in critical areas, 8, The Castro regime is convinced that the Cuban revolution is the vanguard of "the anti-imperialist rebellion" that will in- evitably sweep all of Latin America. It is actively encouraging and covertly assisting Communist and Communist-influenced revolu- tionary groups in other Latin American countries at every oppor- tunity. Its methods include intensive propaganda supported by the Castro-subsidized international news agency that has close working ties with Sino-Soviet Bloc news agencies and reflects the propaganda line of Moscow and Peiping. Cuban, diplomatic missions have frequently provided Communist-oriented student and labor groups with propaganda material and financial assistance. The arms buildup in Cuba permits the Cubans to supply weapons to pro-Castro groups in other countries, Receipt of Bloc military equipment permits Cuba to furnish Western-manufactured arms now in their possession for this purpose. 9. Cuban subversion is further supported by the Castro-sub- sidized travel to Cuba of numerous Latin Americans who are exposed there to further political indoctrination and, according to fre- quent reports, given military training. During the Havana meeting in May and June 196.1 of the executive committee of the Communist- front International Union of Students, it was announced that Cuba plans to offer 1,000 scholarships to Latin American students for study in Cuba. Approved For Release 2000/9'L7A-RDP79S00427A000400050001-0 RET Approved For Relebab 2000/04?91CiA-RDP79SO0 A000400050001-0 II DISCUSSION 1. Following the seizure of power by the Castro regime in January 1959, intermittent Cuban military contacts were made with Sino-Soviet Bloc countries--notably Czechoslovakia--but these ap- parently did not result in firm military aid commitments until the early summer of 1960. As Cuba's efforts to purchase military goods in the Free World became increasingly difficult throughout 1959 and early 1960, Cuban arms purchasing missions traveled to the Bloc to investigate new sources of supply. Discussions re- portedly covered a whole range of equipment from small arms to modern jet aircraft. 2. These preliminary contacts may have crystallized during First Deputy Premier Mikoyan's visit to Cuba in February 1960, when Moscow abandoned its policy of aloofness toward the Cuban revolution and publicly announced its support of the Castro regime. Mikoyan's visit signaled the beginning of a series of trade and,/or aid agree- ments between Cuba and all countries of the Gino-Soviet Bloc. As po- litical and economic contacts were established, it became apparent that the Bloc intended to back up its propaganda support for Cuba with a major campaign of material assistance, 3. Soviet activities in exploiting the rapid deterioration of US-Cuban relations, however, were inhibited during the spring of 1960 by the impending summit conference and President Eisenhower's scheduled visit to the USSR. With the collapse of the summit in May and the cancellation of the President's trip, these inhibitions were removed and the Bloc launched A .more intensive drive to expand.its influence Approved For Release 2000/04/17_ CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET SECRET Approved For Rele a 2000/04/17.: CIA-RDP79SO04VA000400050001-0 over the Castro regime. In the post-summit period this campaign has included public attacks on.the validity of the Monroe Doctrine and assurances of Soviet support in the event of economic or military measures that the US might undertake against Cuba. These assurances-- including the ambiguous references to retaliation with missiles-- have been phrased broadly enough to cover the supply of military equip- ment and technical assistance without committing the USSR to specific military action in support of Cuba. 4. Soon after the summit collapse in May 1960, Cuban military negotiations were undertaken with the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia. Czech-Cuban talks in Havana during May and June were, immediately fol- lowed up by a trip to Prague and Moscow by Cuban Minister of Armed Forces Raul Castro. Presumably agreements were concluded during these negotiations to provide for future deliveries of Bloc arms. 5. During the summer of 1960, probably in early July, at least one partial cargo of Czech small arms and ammunition was delivered to Cuba,along with five Mi-4 HOUND helicopters. Shortly thereafter, about 60 Cuban military personnel were sent to Czechoslovakia to re- ceive military training, including flight and artillery instruction. By the .end of August nearly 150 Cubans were receiving military train- ing in Czechoslovakia. 6. Further military talks during July and August probably were held concerning detailed arrangements for the delivery of Soviet Bloc arms, accompanied by military technicians to provide the necessary training. Not until September 1960, however, did major shipments get under way. Since 8 September 1960, there have been at least 16 ship- ments of military material to Cuba. 2 - Approved For Release 2000/((t A-RDP79S00427A000400050001-0 Approved For ReleVAO 2000/04$9C% RDP79SO04 yA000400050001-0 7. Because of the stringent security precautions surrounding the off-loading of military cargoes in Cuba, information on the exact total quantities of Bloc material is fragmentary. Shipments have consisted of MIG-type aircraft, helicopters, piston trainers, light transports, and a complete range of land armaments, including tanks, field and antiaircraft artillery, military vehicles, and large quantities of infantry weapons and ammunition. In addition, radar and communications equipment have been delivered. Total estimated value of these shipments is between $60,000,000 and $100,000,000. Considering the type of equipment and estimated Bloc deliveries, the Cuban ground forces are probably now better equipped than those of any other Latin American country. They will probably experience some initial difficulty in providing adequately trained maintenance personnel for this equipment. Over the long run some spare parts problems may arise. These estimated Bloc deliveries provide the Castro regime with suitable armaments for defensive purposes against external invasion by non-nuclear forces, as well as being very useful for Cuban internal security needs. 8. MIG-15 jet fighters and trainers are being assembled and checked out at San Antonio de los Banos Air Base. Unconfirmed reports state that MIG-19s have also been assembled at this base and are now being flown. More than 20 MIG-type aircraft, chiefly MIG-15's, apparently were delivered to Cuba near the end of May. In addition, on 15/16 June the Soviet ship Lenineky Komsomol Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET SECRET Approved For Rele a 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S00427A000400050001-0 delivered 23 crates to Cuba which probably contained aircraft. The dimensions of these crates indicate that at least some of them could have contained FARMER MIG-19 supersonic jet fighters. There are indications that Cuba may receive some IL-28 jet light bombers. from the USSR, but these reports cannot be confirmed at present. 9. Bloc.-military deliveries to'Cuba thus far have significantly... assisted the Castro regime in its attempts to develop a greater mili- tary capability. The Cuban ground forces now have for the first time an antiaircraft defense capability. and a greatly improved artillery and armor capability. In addition, the considerable quantities of modern ,Bloc small arms and ammunition have enabled the regime to establish and maintain an expanding civilian militia. There is no .evidsnoe that any nuclear Weapons or guided .. missiles. are now in Cuba. J.Q. Sevsral small wroups of Cuban military trainees. reportedly were, sent to the Bloc prior to the summer of 1960, but no information is available to confirm these' reports, In July and Augusts how-- ever, . two large groupFa of Cubans.wers ; sent to Czechoslovakia and their mission probably involved military. instruction, including artillery methods and training as. pilots and ground crews. Al- together, between 150 and 200 Cubans have probably been receiving military training in Czechoslovakia, nd a small number in the USSR. Approved For Release 2000/ RDP79S00427A000400050001-0 ~I&ET Approved For Rel a 2000/O K-RDP79SOO A000400050001-0 At least some of these have probably returned. It appears likely that cadets sent for pilot training in the Bloc had little previous military experience. If so, some of these student pilots may have received only preliminary flight instruction in Czechoslovakia and they may receive jet transition training on Bloc aircraft in Cuba. 11. Precise information is unavailable on the numbers and activities of Bloc military technicians in Cuba. Based primarily on Bloc military technical assistance to other non-Bloc countries and the estimated arms shipments to Cuba thus far, it is believed that over 300 Czech and Soviet technicians currently are working in military capacities for the Cuban government. Other reports have indicated that this number may be somewhat larger, but we believe that most of these have tended to be exaggerated. No Chinese Communist military personnel are believed to be in Cuba, although the possibility cannot be entirely discounted. 12. Soon after the arrival of the first large Bloc arms shipment in September 1960, Czech and Soviet technicians reportedly were assisting the Cuban military in assembling equipment and in- stalling such weapons as antiaircraft batteries. They are employed also as instructors in military courses and as advisors to i dividual military units and as maintenance personnel. 13. There is no evidence that Soviet Bloc or other nationals re being trained in the Bloc for military duty in Cuba. There is no evidence that any Sino-Soviet Bloc cou try has dispatched or is organizing "volunteer" forces for military service in Cub Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET Approved For Relesie 2000/04 K-RDP79S00447A000400050001-0 14. The ground forces under Batista consisted of a 21,000-man Army and a National Police Force of 7,600 who were relatively well- trained and well-disciplined by Latin American standards. Following Castro's victory, virtually all elements of Batista's ground forces were gradually removed. About one-fifth of the present Revolutionary Army of some 32,000 men were active in guerrilla operations against Batista, and the remainder is composed of personnel who joined the Revolutionary movement when its success had been assured. A similar situation is believed to exist in the 9,000-.man Revolutionary National Police organization, which in May 1961 was placed under the newly- created Ministry of the Interior. Much of the Army effort since 1 January 1959 has been devoted to non-military activities; personnel assigned to public works projects account for much of the troop strength increase over Batista's army. 15. The capabilities of the Cuban ground forces have been in- creasing steadily since the fall of 1960. Soviet Bloc arms deliveries have provided Cuban ground forces with an armor, artillery, antiair- craft and antitank potential hitherto largely lacking and unknown in other countries of the Caribbean area. Intensive training of Army and Militia units with new Bloc equipment, under the supervision of Bloc advisors, has been conducted since the Fall of 1960. A modest school system including armor, field and antiaircraft artillery, infantry, guerrilla, medical and signal training has been instituted. In May 1961, Castro instituted a course to train a new corps of revolutionary instructors who will be assigned to troop units to - 6 - Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 .qFrPFT SECRET Approved For Rele e..2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0 A000400050001-0 .raise the morale and increase the "revolutionary awareness" of all military. elements. Field and antiaircraft artillery and tank firing exercises are conducted on a regular basis; unit firing exercises have been conducted. It is estimated that the combat elements of. the Army and Militia have completed basic and small unit training and are capable of handling and firing all weapons with which they are equipped. Level of training of infantry units appears to vary widely. Armor units have probably achieved the capability of platoon employment. Recent operations against in- vading forces indicated that at least some combined arms training has been conducted. While tactical communications continue to be inadequate for modern combat, the delivery of large amounts of Bloc military transport vehicles has greatly increased the mobility of the Cuban ground forces as evidenced by the rapid deployment of combat elements to the invasion area in April. 16. The civilian Revolutionary Militia represents the major increase in the size and capability of Castro's ground forces over those available to Batista. It is estimated to have more than 200,000 members. First appearing as early as November 1959, loosely-organized units of students, workers, and farmers were officially established in early January 1960. Training varied widely from unit to unit and reflected the initiative and energy of individual commanders. In general, however, militia training has been more uniform and extensive than that conducted by the Army. While a sizeable proportion of the militia are volunteers, Approved. For Release 2000/04 17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 RET Approved For Rele"e 2000/04K-RDP79S004A000400050001-0 there have been large numbers of young men and women pressured into service'.in;the militia, and there are reports of a conscript pro- gram having been initiated. 17-During 1960, militia units gradually assumed many duties which formerly were exclusively performed by the Army and National Police. They effectively performed crowd control duties, such as at the time of the Cayo Cruz ammunition dump explosion, and they have acted as security forces in port areas while Soviet Bloc arms shipments have been unloaded. In addition,they have effected the takeover of intervened businesses and are used in guarding vital industries and utilities against possible sabotage efforts. The rapid reaction of the Cuban Militia in concert with the National Police in establishing control of Cuban cities during the recent invasion attempt was a clear demonstration of their effectiveness. Recent reports indicate that the militia's role of controlling the populace may be supplanted by the Ministry of the Interior, which includes the Department of State Security, the National Police, and the Maritime Police, and which controls the Committees of Vigilance. 18. Beginning in November 1960, a reorganization was initiated with the design of producing better organized, more closely controlled battalions, commanded by Militia officers who were graduates of rugged OCS-type training. Uniforms and modern Soviet Bloc small arms are being issued all Militia units. Additionally, training of the Militia units on hehvier Bloc equipment, and organization of - 8 - Approved For Release 2000/04/17 CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET ' Approved For Rele a 2000/04 P& -RDP79S0044OA000400050001-0 Militia mortar and artillery units were started in early November. Personnel in these units function as full-time active duty militiamen; they are between 18 and 30 years of age and are volunteers to the maximum possible extent. Their level of training is equal to that of equivalent Cuban Army units. The combat effectiveness of the Militia has been partially tested in counter-guerrilla operations which have been successful in eliminating, at least for the present, the guerrilla threat to the Castro regime. In the Cochinos Bay operations, even though the Militia battalions initially employed were not the elite of the Militia forces, they were success- ful in containing the invaders until selected combat units arrived. While neither of the two cited operations was against a modern combat force it nonetheless must be concluded that by Latin American standards the Cuban ground force combat elements are effective and further that they could be defeated only by a modern substantial combined-arms force. 19. The Cuban Navy with a personnel strength of about 4,000, is composed of 5 PF (3 TACOMA class, 2 "184-foot PCE" class), 2 AG, 2 ATR, 9 YAG and 29 YP. Of these ships, at least 1 PI' is non- operational due to the shortage of spare parts, the 2 ATR are 1 up, and only some 20 YP are operational. On the other hand, an unknown number of private pleasure craft has been taken over by the navy and armed with light machine guns for use as patrol craft. The PGM BAIRE, sunk at Nueva Gerona on 17 April by rebel aircraft, is being raised but it is expected that it will be many months ? 9 Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET Approved For Rel fie 2000/O$,4fPgii4-RDP79SOO4 VA000400050001-0 before the ship is reconditioned. During the past two years the Cuban Navy has unsuccessfully attempted to acquire patrol craft in Western Europe. Recently there have been rumors that Cuba might receive naval ships, including destroyers, from the Soviet Bloc. As far as is known, no Cuban naval personnel have been sent to the Bloc for training but the fact that the Chief of the Navy, Lt. Julio Calderon, recently visited the USSR and Eastern Europe supports the possibility that some naval craft might be transferred in the future. There have been a few reports of the Navy receiving Bloc equipment, mainly radar and sonar, but these have not been confirmed. The only Bloc equipment known to be in use in the Navy are anti-aircraft guns installed on at least one TACOMA class PF and possibly on others. 20. Present capabilities of the Cuban Navy are limited to the patrol of selected portions of the coast. The larger ships (5 PF9 1 AG) maintain a patrol of both coasts of Havana and Pinar del Rio provinces and the Isle of Pines. The remainder of the coast is patroled by YP and other small craft. Combat effectiveness of the Navy is negligible. Crews consist of naval, Maritime Police and militia personnel, the latter manning anti-aircraft guns. 21. The combat capability of the Cuban Revolutionary Air Force (CRAF) is still low, but it can provide limited support to the ground forces and assist in maintaining internal security. However, with the acquisition of MIG aircraft and the return of Bloc-trained personnel, the capability of the air force will be greatly enhanced - 10 - Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 .c T SECRET Approved For Rele a 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S004% A000400050001-0 over the coming months. If augmented by aircraft of the civil airline, the Cuban air force has a fair troop and cargo transport capability. 22. The total personnel strength of the Cuban Revolutionary Air Force remains unknown. It is currently estimated that there are about 25 experienced pilots in the air force and that approximately 100 air force personnel are or have been undergoing training in Soviet Bloc countries--primarily Czechoslovakia. Possibly as many as half of these have been receiving pilot train- ing, and probably some are now jet qualified. Some training is probably being conducted in Cuba, but the types of training, in- structors, and numbers participating are unidentified. 23. The total inventory of CRAF aircraft has increased since 1 January 1959, but there had been little change in the totals of combat-type aircraft until the recent arrival of an estimated 30- 40 MIGs. The increase is reflected mainly in the MIGs, helicopters, piston trainer, and transport aircraft, with the latter probably representing expropriations of aircraft from private owners. There is no information concerning the serviceability rate of CRAF aircraft at the present time. (See Annex 2 for a breakdown by type of Cuban military aircraft in 1958 and at the present time.) 24. In Cuba there are 10 airfields, excluding the USN air- field on the Guantanamo Naval Base, with hard-surface runways 6,000' or more. All of these fields have runways that are capable Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 A SECRET Approved For Rel a 2000/04 90CP&A-RDP79SO04IA000400050001-0 of supporting jet fighter operations. Parking and fuel facilities are generally limited at most of the airfields. This air facility system is more than adequate for the CRAF and would support a major increase therein. (See map, Annex 3) 25. Since early 1960, the Castro regime has made a serious effort to augment Cuban air facilities capabilities. Several new airfields have been built and many of the already existing facilities have been significantly improved. This construction is summarized as follows: a. Managua--At Managua (22-58N/082-16W), 13.3 nautical miles SE of Havana, a new runway is under construction. Present dimensions are approximately 4,800' x 150', and the surface-is gravel. b. Siguanea--Siguanea airfield (21-37N/082-55W), on the Isle of Pines, has one runway which has recently been extended to 6,000'; its width is 1504. The surface is crushed marble over marble base. Construction appe rs to be temporarily suspended. c. Cayo Largo--A natural-surface landing strip 3,090' x 135' has recently been prepared at approximately 21-37N/081-33W, d. Santa Clara International--a new airfield is under construction at 22-29N/079-56W, about 8 nautical miles NNE of the old Santa Clara airfield. Present dimensions of grading work are estimated to be between 9300' and 9600' x 280'. Construction is progressing slowly. The runway is not completed but a portion is usuable for light aircraft. - 12 - Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SRR Approved For Relea 2000/04/ c8 TRDP79SO04UA000400050001-0 e. Playa Baracoa--The runway at Baracoa airfield, 23-02N/082-34W, formerly referred to as Domingo Rosillo, has been extended to 5,450'. f. Cienaga de Zapata--The landing strip at Sopliliar Airfield at 22-17N/081-08W had been extended from 5,500' to 6,7001. Its surface has been reported as probably hard packed .sand and gravel. Considerable clearing and excavation at the SW end of the strip has been reported which could indicate pre- liminary preparation for additional construction and enlargement. A new airstrip is under construction near Jaguey Grande at 22-29N/081-.08W. Dimensions are. approximately 4,000' x 150', And the surface appears to be packed sand or gravel, which is ready for either macadam or concrete surfacing. A new airstrip is under construction in the Playa Giron at 22-04N/081-02W, and Cayo Ramona area at 22-09N/081-02W. Approximate dimensions are 4,100' x 90'; surface is probably rolled and crushed rock. About 3 miles west of San Blas at 22-07N/08l-OOW, an unidentified in- stallation is under construction which may be a possible HF/DF site. The site consists of a circular depressed cleared area approximately 3901 in diameter, which has four equally spaced lines of approximately 1001 in length each. There are grading and clearing activities in the general area. This area suggests early stages of HF/DF construction. g. Antonio Maceo airfield at 19-58.N/75--52W--Concrete extensions have been completed at both ends of each runway. The Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET Approved For Rel a 2000/0 &K-RDP79SO04.WA000400050001-0 length of the main runway is approximately 7,430', and the secondary runway is approximately 4,485' long. h. Jaime Gonzalez airfield at 22-1ON/080-24W--Concrete extension is underway at both runways. The main runway is being extended to approximately 4,400' and the secondary runway is being extended to approximately 3,300'. i. Jose Marti International--The runway is being extended to 10,600 feet and grading is under way. The southwestern two- thirds of the runway is being blacktopped. This extension is probably intended for increased commercial operations and possibly to include some military operations. 26. The principal objectives of the current military buildup are self-defense, internal security, and to a lesser extent the export of arms and trained men to other Latin American countries for revolutionary and subversive purposes. Given the Cuban emphasis on guerrilla warfare, a civilian militia, and subversion, the arms the Cubans have been receiving--especially the large quantities of small arms and automatic weapons--lend themselves to use in connection with all of these objectives. The weapons employed for defense against attack from abroad can be used with equal facility against internal subversion and anti-Castro rebel forces, to arm the militia, or to supply revolutionary groups located in or moving into other Latin American countries. 27. Cuba's efforts to strengthen its military posture have resulted, at least initially, from a genuine fear of foreign-based - 14 - Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SERFT Approved For ReI 'e 2000/04 I4 -RDP79SO04.Z+ A000400050001-0 invasion. Various Cuban statements indicate that Castro views another invasion of the island by anti-government Cubans,-supported indirectly or covertly by the United States, as a probability. 28. In addition to reflecting a genuine fear of invasion, the heated and continuing Cuban charges of a US-supported invasion and their propaganda exploitation of the abortive 17 April landings have been part of a major propaganda effort to villify the United States. This effort is designed to enlist world sympathy for the cause of the Cuban David against the US Goliath, and to draw the attention of the Cuban people away from the economic difficulties which they now face and to prepare them for further sacrifices. 29. A well-equtpped military force (with special emphasis on an elite, politically reliable hard core within the revolutionary militia) serves two principal functions in maintaining order within Cuba.. First, i enables the regime to deal effectively with any anti-Castro rebels which might develop in Cuba. Second, it provides Castro with a means of extending government control over Cuban society--a policy which is presently considered at least of equal importance to the objective of self-defense. 30. The current buildup in arms may now be directed primarily toward extending the Castro government's control over Cuban society and institutions. The major tool of control is the Revolutionary Militia, which serves several purposes. It provides the government with a substantial armed force through - 15 - Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRE Approved For ReISe 2000/(W. A-RDP79SO0s4 7A000400050001-0 which the Cuban populace as a whole can be controlled, and it promotes loyalty to Castro by subjecting a relatively large number of Cubans to military discipline and political indoctrina- tion under the leadership of people dedicated to the revolutionary government. Finally, the militia offers the government an organized work force for use in,-economic development and military construction projects, and to reduce the high unemployment which is plaguing the Castro regime. 31. Since Fidel Castro's assumption of power, Cuba has been involved in several attempts to overthrow other Caribbean govern- ments. During 1959, the Castro regime sponsored or gave indirect support to invasion attempts against Panama, the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua and Haiti. The military buildup provides Cuba with an increased ability to furnish military aid to Communist and pro- Communist revolutionary groups in these or other Latin American countries in the future. Soviet Bloc military equipment now in Cuba permits the use of older, Western-made equipment which would be difficult to trace, for these purposes. 32. Cuba has with heavy assistance from Communist funds put.to work on its behalf a propaganda and subversive campaign of unprecedented proportions in Latin America. Cuban leaders and propaganda media repeatedly refer to the Cuban revolution as the vanguard of the anti-imperialist revolution that will "inevitably sweep" the rest of Latin America. Private statements of Fidel Castro reveal his conviction that the United States is Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET ' Approved For Rel 'e 2000/04 -RDP79SO04A000400050001-0 "finished" as a great power and that Cuba must therefore side with the "socialist countries which will win the current ideological struggle." During its present confused state," the United States must be kept on the defensive, Castro told an old friend last September. The Castro regime has become an effective instrument of the Sino-Soviet Bloc in its drive to weaken and eventually destroy US influence in Latin America as well as in other underdeveloped and emerging nations. 33. The Castro government has made no secret of its antipathy toward most of the governments of the other Latin American republics, charging that these governments do not represent the will of the people. It is clear that Cuba is determined to export is revolution to the rest of the. hemisphere. 34. The Cuban government is engaged in organizing, financing, and training of revolutionary movements. One facet of Cuban assistance in the training of potential, revolutionaries against other Latin American governments is the Castro regime's subsidiza- tion of travel to Cuba of numerous Latin Americans for purposes of ideological and military indoctrination. Numerous delegates to the Latin American Youth Congress in Cuba last summer, for instance, remained to participate in the international Communist-- financed "International Work Brigade." The week-long congress of the youth section of the Cuban Popular Socialist (Communist) Party last April also brought delegates from a number of Latin American countries, as did the ceremonies in March marking the "Week of Solidarity with the Struggles of the Latin American - 17 - Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET Approved For Release 2000/0&Aqg?TA-RDP79SO0+4.WA000400050001-0 Peoples." The latter event, sponsored by the Communist-controlled labor arm of the Castro regime, ended with a manifesto calling for the initiation of an "anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolu- tion in all of Latin America." This manifesto did not include any call for an open Communist revolution. During the Havana meeting in May and June 1961 of the executive committee of the Communist front International Union of Students, it was announced that Cuba plans to offer 1,000 scholarships to Latin American students for study in Cuba. It has frequently been reported that Latin Americans from various countries have received military training as well as political indoctrination in Cuba after participating in these events. Also frequently reported are instances where representatives of various Latin American Communist and pro-Communist organizations who are sent to Sino-Soviet Bloc countries for training spend a period of time in Cuba on the outward or the homeward leg of their journeys. 35. A major effort to overthrow a Latin American government was the attempt in June 1959 to oust the unpopular Trujillo dicta- torship in the Dominican Republic. In this case the Cubans under- estimated the strength of the Dominican regime. The two forces which landed in the Dominican Republic from Cuba--one by air and the other by sea--were trained and armed in Cuba and led into battle by officers of Castro's army. The group that landed on the Dominican coast was escorted th re by units of the Cuban Navy. The invading forces, primarily composed of Dominican Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET $ Approved For Rele` 'e 2000/04/ If c RDP79S0042WA000400050001-0 exiles,. included a heavy sprinkling of Communists. 36. The abortive "invasions" of Panama in April 1959 and of Haiti in August of the same year were by small groups from Cuba who evidently did.-not have high-level Cuban official support but in the Panamanian case, at least, the expedition's preparations and departure Probably took place with the knowledge and approval of some Cuban authorities. Of the numerous rebel raids into Nicaragua, a few were equipped with weapons from Cuba and led by Nicaraguans who had sought Cuban support for their adventures. However, none of these efforts is believed to have been directed or fully supported by Cuba. In fact, Cuban leaders are known to have had difficulty with the highly factionalized Nicaraguan exile groups that had sought support in Cuba. The Cubans had difficulties in.deciding on a "trustworthy" Nicaraguan group which at the same time had any significant revolutionary capability. Several Nicaraguan, as well as at least one Panamanian and one Haitian exile group, have been jailed in Cuba as they were preparing "invasions," evidently either because they were considered the "wrong" exiles or because their chances of success were estimated to be nil. 25X1 C 19 - Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S00427A000400050001-0 SECRET Approved For Releqae 2000/04c -RDP79SOO4A000400050001-0 25X1 C 25X1 C Ex-President Arbenz of Guatemala is in Cuba and inaugurated a regular radio program beamed at Guatemala on 31 May 1961. Guatemalan Communist leader Pellecer recently returned to Guatemala from Cuba and Fortuny, former secretary general of the party, may also have left Cuba for Guatemala. In the case of Guatemala, as with other Latin American' countries, the Cubans maintain that a genuine revolution can be achieved only after the regular armed forces are destroyed and the "masses" are armed, as in Cuba. In his frequent speeches in Cuba, Arbenz has repeatedly said that his greatest mistake was in not arming the people--an omission which permitted the "militarists," bought with "imperialist money," eventually to seize power and destroy the revolution. 38. The government of Venezuelan President Betancourt is another target for Cuban subversive action. Leftist Venezuelan deputy Fabricio Ojeda, who has spent considerable time in Cuba in recent months, is reported to have secured official Cuban support for an armed revolt in Venezuela. 39. Castro agents, of both Cuban and foreign nationality, are traveling from Cuba to Latin American countries to promote revolutionary. .activities.. ` their obj?oc-tivos ?teirige: f ?om`?bOurfier missions to organizing of student, labor, and revolutionary groups and the carrying out of sabotage missions. Hector Aldama Acosta, head of Cuban intelligence activities in Mexico, is Approved For Release 2000/04/1,7 2CIA-RDP79S00427A000400050001-0 SECRET Approved For Rel a 2000/04/*f TRDP79S004&7A000400050001-0 charged with the coordination of all revolutionary activities in Central America. The use of Cuban ambassadors to control these activities has been proven in a number of Latin American countries. 40, Intensive Cuban propaganda is furthered by Cuban diplo- matic missions which in numerous cases, such as in Mexico, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Panama, have provided Communist- oriented student and labor groups with propaganda material and financial support. Numerous reports connect the Cuban Embassy in most Latin American countries with the distribution of anti-US and pro.-Castro propaganda and financial support to local "Friends of Cuba" societies and leftist organizations. 41. The Cuban revolutionary line is also spread throughout Latin America through the facilities of the Castro-subsidized in- ternational news agency Prensa Latina, which has close working ties with the news agencies of the Sino-Soviet Bloc. This propaganda organization which has offices established in many Latin American countries disseminates the propaganda line of Moscow and Peiping throughout Latin America. It frequently has distorted news stories so as to reflect unfavorably on the local government--a course which has evoked protests from the officials of several Latin American countries, including Mexico, Venezuela, and Costa Rica. A powerful new radio station was inaugurated in Cuba on 1 May to disseminate pro-Castro propaganda throughout the hemisphere. Approved For Release 2000/04/'-': tIA-RDP79S00427A000400050001-0 SECRET Approved For Rele"e 2000/049 X-RDP79SO04i&7A000400050001-0 42. The activities of Castro agents throughout the hemisphere have frequently resulted in countermeasures being taken by security and diplomatic authorities in many Latin American countries. In a number of cases, blatant attempts to undermine the sovereign rights of other Latin American governments have resulted in the arrest of pro-Castro agents and the expulsion of Cuban diplomatic personnel. - 22 - Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET SECRET NOFORN Approved For Rel a 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO04WA000400050001-0 III, CHRONOLOGY OF SIGNIFICANT EVENTS SINCE 20 January 1961 20 January 1961 The American embassy in Moscow reported that "solidarity meetings" in Soviet factories, as described by a number of press reports, featured pledges of support by Soviet trade union groups for the Cuban revolution. Accounts of these meetings usually featured the "warning" that in the event of a US attack on Cuba, the Cuban people would have the support of all peoples, "and first in line will be the heroic working class of the Soviet Union." (OFFICIAL USE ONLY) 25 January 1961 25X1 D 12 February 1961 In a speech given at the conclusion of a meeting of technical advisers in Havana, Fidel Castro savagely attacked the Kennedy administration and then said: "As of today Cuba is going to declare that if th United States has the right to promote counter-revolution in Cuba and Latin America, Cuba has the right to encourage Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET NOFORN SECRET NOFORN Approved For Rel a 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO04WA000400050001-0 revolution in Latin America." Che Guevara, speaking at the same meeting, told the delegates: "You must recall that we have already overcome many obstacles and our responsibility extends beyond the frontiers of Cuba. Each time we take a step ahead we are aiding the liberation of all America from a savage yoke." (UNCLASSIFIED) 22 February 1961 Armed force minister Raul Castro, in an address to a group of militiamen who were graduating from a training course, said that when the Eisenhower administra- tion "threatened to. attack Cuba, the Chinese People's Republic sent Cuba hundreds of machine guns for which the people. of Cuba did not have to pay a single centavo, As. a gift from the workers and farmers of the CPR," This constitutes the only? occasion upon which a regime leader mentioned direct Chicom military assistance to' Cuba.. (OFFICIAL USE.ONLY) 1 March 1961 A Havana radio broadcast. contained the announcement that 38 Cuban students.we.e .going to-the Soviet Union for nine months of "aeronautical studies," and that they would specialize in "handling helicopters.." (OFFICIAL USE ONLY.) These probably are the Cubans referred to in an early May report from a Cuban de- fector in West Berlin, who said that 1130 Cubans" arrived in Prague on 1 March and left the next day for the USSR, where they were to undergo "eight months of pilot, training" for an unspecified type of mill. t.ary'aircraft. The report added that the Cubans.would return to Cuba with the planee for which they had been trained. (SECRET) 6 March 1961 25X1C Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET NOFORN SECRET NOFORN Approved For Rel a 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO04WA000400050001-0 13 March 1961 According to a Cuban national with contacts in the Cuban Navy, the Soviet Union was to loan, sell', or give two "destroyers" to Cuba to be manned by crews preponderantly made up of Soviet seamen until Cubans had been trained to take over. (SECRET) 14 March 1961 Fidel Castro referring to alleged US plans to support an anti-Castro Cuban government-in-exile, said: "Very well! Let the Yankees name the government-in- exile when they want to; we will name many governments-in-exile, and to begin with, the government-in-exile of Free Puerto Rico." (UNCLASSIFIED) Mid-March 1961 A Salvadoran newspaper featured several two-page spreads which reproduced docu- ments purportedly taken from secret Cuban embassy files directly implicating embassy officials and the Cuban foreign office in intervention in Salvadoran internal affairs. (OFFICIAL USE ONLY) 22 March 1961 25X1X the Castro government had replaced all Cuban employees of the microwave communi- cations section of the Ministry of Communications with Czech technicians, the majority of whom were military men. Previous reports had also stated that Czech technicians were being employed in the operation of the microwave network in Cuba. (SECRET) 28 March 1961 The Panamanian government declared-the Cuban consul in Colon persona non grata, charging him with associating with sub- versive elements. The Cuban representa- tive had arrived in Panama on 13 December but had never been issued an exequatur by the Panamanian government. He had re- placed a consul expelled on similar charges on 3 December. (CONFIDENTIAL) 30 March 1961 The American embassy in Prague reported that during a recent recruiting drive for specialists to go to Cuba, a Czechoslovak Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET NOFORN SECRET NOFORN Approved For Rel a 2000/04/1.7 : CIA-RDP79SO042WA000400050001-0 official noted that a special team of Czech experts had already been-sent to train Cubans in modern police methods. The official, who was from the Ministry of the Interior., stated that Czechoslo- vakia was actively recruiting medical specialists, party workers, propagan- dists, and production engineers to go to Cuba for two- or three-year tours. On 19 May the embassy reported receiving information from a Czech of- ficial that the Interior Ministry had sent training teams to Havana for all fields of police work, with particular emphasis on political police activity. Czechoslovakia was about to send a Border Police team to Havana with its own dogs in order to train Cuban dog handlers, the source reported. (CONFIDENTIAL) 4 April 1961 A Paris radio report said that 55 of the Cubans sent to Czechoslovakia for a three-year training program had inter- rupted their stay and returned to Havana "in view of the critical situation in Cuba." The report did not specify the type of training the Cubans were receiving. (OFFICIAL USE ONLY) 18 April 1961 A Soviet government statement said that continuation of the invasion of Cuba "may have the gravest consequences for world peace." The statement also de- clared that the USSR "reserves the right to take all measures, with all states, to render the necessary assistance to the Republic of Cuba if the armed interfer- ence in the affairs of the Cuban peoples is not stopped." It also expressed the hope that the US government would under-. stand that the invasion of Cuba could "endanger the peaceful life of the popu- lation of the United States itself." (UNCLASSIFIED) Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET NOFORN SECRET NOFORN Approved For Releee 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO04UA000400050001-0 22 April.1961 in his second letter to President Kennedy on the subject of Cuba, Soviet Premier Khrushchev sought to establish the im- pression that the strong position taken by the USSR was a key factor in turning back the rebel effort to overthrow the Castro regime. As in his previous letter and the Soviet government-s'ta~ ment of 18 April, Khrushchev carefully;oided committing the USSR to any specific measures in support of Castro. His reference to the US presence at buantanamo "against the clearly expressed wish of the Cuban people and government" appar- ently was intended to serve notice that the USSR would strongly support a Cuban demand that the US relinquish its Naval Base there. On the other, hand, Khrushchev said, "We do not have any bases in Cuba and we do not intend to establish any." (CON- FIDENTIAL) 24 April 1961 The Honduran government of President Villeda Morales became the eighth Latin American government to break off diploma- tic relations with Cuba. The action came as the result of a mass anti-Castro demon- stration on 21 April which evidently con- vinced the president that the majority of' Hondurans desired to break with Cuba until it submitted "to the norms and discipline of the inter-American system," (CONFIDENTIAL) 7 May 1961 In an address to 1,000 prospective members of a new corps of "revolutionary instructors" for the armed forces, Fidel Castro said that "political and revolutionary awareness" was the "most important thing" within .the. Cuban military organization. He referred to Havana as the primary target of'a possible invasion by "US troops," and he declared that combat units had to be prepared and fortifications made "impregnable" so that the Cuban capital could be defended "in the same manner in which Soviet soldiers defended Leningrad and Stalingrad" in World War II. (OFFICIAL USE ONLY) Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET NOFORN SECRET NOFORN Approved For Rele'e 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0 A000400050001-0 8 May 1961 25X1 C 9 May 1961 22 May 1961 The Cuban government initiated a program to process about 3,500 men between the ages of 18 and 24 in order to select about 200 of the best qualified candidates for flight ?training, 25X1 C The government reportedly hope a 40 or 45 of the 200 would become qualified as pilots, with the remainder then being assigned as members of flight crews. No training site was mentioned in the report, but assuming that adequate training facili- ties and personnel remain unavailable in Cuba, the trainees presumably would go to the Bloc for such instruction. (SECRET NOFORN) The Venezuelan government announced the suspension of the activities of the Caracas branch of Prensa Latina, the Castro regime's in eerrnnational propaganda agency. The office was shut down because of the distorted pro-Castro and anti- Betancourt treatment given to political and economic news items disseminated by Prensa Latina within Venezuela. (OFFICIAL USE ONLY) 20 Cubans, estimated to be about 18 to 21 years old, were observed departing from a Prague airport for the USSR. All wore dark civilian clothes but carried Czech Army insignia in their lapels, most of which were identified as artillery insignia. The Cubans were almost certainly army personnel who were to receive military training in the USSR, some of whom may have received preliminary training in Czechoslovakia. At least 150 Cubans had previously been reported to be receiving military training in Czechoslovakia, as well as an undetermined number in the USSR. (SECRET) Cuban Air Force sources reported that Soviet jet bombers--presumably IL-28's-- would be received in C e. A Cubana.Airli.ne pilot at 25X1X about the same time also reported that Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET NOFORN SECRET NOFORN Approved For Rele 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S00A000400050001-0 7 June 1961 15 June 1961 25X1 C 25X1 C Soviet-made "light bombers" would arrive in Junes The bombers, accord- ing to this source, would be "very similar to those sold to Egypt by the USSR." (CONFIDENTIAL) The transfer of the Cuban G-2 secret police organization and other police and intelligence organs to a new Ministry of the Interior was announced. Ramiro Valdes, chief of G?2--henceforth to be called the Department of State Security-- was named as head of the new ministry, The Ministry of the Interior appears to have been modelled after the organizations responsible for internal security in Bloc countries, and its creation may presage a further increase in the efficiency of the Castro regime's security apparatus, (CONFIDENTIAL) ? 7 Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET NOFORN SECRET NOFORN Approved For Rele 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S001A000400050001-0 .21 June 1961 25X1 D A Sino/Soviet Bloc diplomat in Czechos- slovakia reported that 100 Cubans were due to arrive in Czechoslovakia between 18 and 24 June for pilot training. (SECRET NOFORN) 28 June 1961 25X1C 25X1C at east six of a total of 18 MIG-15's had been assembled at San Antonio de los Banos airbase under the direction of 116 Soviet Air Force technicians, and six MIG-19's had not yet been assembled. The ex-air force mechanic added that 17 Soviet pilot instructors, three mobile control towers, and three mobile radar sets were also present at the base and that 13 Cuban pilots who had been checked out in T-33's and Sea Furies by the Soviets would be trained to fl the MIG aircraft. 25X1 C n the same day that there were a total of 26 MIGs of all models ready for service at the base and that 43 Soviet technicians, plus their assistants were continuing to assemble more planes. 25X1C 25X1C 200 Soviets were assem- bling aircraft at Finca Cuellar in Guayabal, Havana Province, and that there were 11 camouflaged MIGs parked near the Granma base. (Mariel) Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET NOFORN SECRET NOFORN Approved For ReI Se 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0 7A000400050001-0 28 June 1961 30 June 1961 2 July 1961 25X1 C The Cuban press warmly praised a number of Czech pilots who had taken part in "ex- citing aerobatic demonstrations" in Trener-Master Z-326 aircraft at Rancho Boyeros airfield in Havana. (CONFIDENTIAL) Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S00427A000400050001-0 SSECRET NOFORN Approved For Rel e 200 O t TCIA-RDP79SO042#7.A000400050001-0 ANNEX 1 ARMS AND EQUIPMENT OF CUBAN ARMY On:.Hand l Jan .19 59 Received from Free World Sources since Bloc Delive-ti1ies Total ~ 1 Ja n 19 59 Identified 1/ Estimated 2/ ~~ncar,~ e c es, a Medium Tanks, 'T34 15 104 (Bloc) b K Heavy Tanks, JS-2 15 21 (Bloc) c, Assault Guns, SU- 19 50 100 (Bloc) da Armored Personnel 150 Carriers, BTR-152 (Bloc) e, Lt Tk, "3-man 8 Dutch" (US) f. Lt T k M3A1 (US) 12 g. Med Tk M4A1 7 w/76--mm Gun(U5) he Med'. Tk Comet 15 W/77-mm Gun (UK) I. Scout Car, M3AX-, 19 White (US) J. Armored Car, M8 20 (US) . Motor Transport a, Trucks, 1/4-T 700 4x4 (Bloc) b a Trucks, 2-.T 600 4x4 (Bloc) c. Trucks, 4 1/2-T 200 6x6 (Bloc) da Trucks, 3.5-6T 100 6x6 (Bloc) e, Trucks, 10-T 25 6x6 (Bloc) fa Sedans (US) 175 Types and quan es reported an verifi e 2/ The figures in this column are based on an analysis of tonnages, 25X1 C types and quantities of meterial delivered by the Bloc to other countries,, the size and composition and organization of the Cuban military forces, and reports received from Cuba. The estimated figures are a rough order of magnitude. Approved For Release 2000/04/17 CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET Approved For Rehw?e 200 QV-TCIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 Motor Transport (Continued) g? Jeeps (US) h. Trucks (US) i. Busses (US) J. Ambulances (US) k. Cmd Recon Car 3/4-T (US) 1? Motor Cycles (US) i. Special Purpose Vehicles (US) n. Tractors, AT-S, TPM (Bloc) o. Tractors, AT-L, TPM (Bloc) p. Miscellaneous wheeled Transport (Bloc) Yield r ery a c 57-mm Anti Tank Gun M1943 (Bloc) b,, 76-mm Field Gun M 1942 (Bloc) c. 85-mm Field Gun ID-44 (Bloc) d. 122-mm Howitzer M 1938 (Bloc) e. 122-m Gun M-1931/37 f. 25.-mm Hotchkiss 16 AA Gun (Fr) g. 37-yam Gun M6 (US) 9 h. 57-mm Gun, Salute 6 Gun (UK) i. 75-mm Pack Howitzer 8 (US) j. 105?mm Howitzer. Pack (It) Received from Free World Sources since 1 Jan 19 59 Identified 1/ Total Estimated 2/ 1/ Types and quantities reported and verified.25X1C 2/ The figures in this column are based on an analysis of tonnages, types and quantities of material delivered by the Bloc to other countries, the size and composition and organization of the Cuban military forces, nd reports received from Cuba. The estimated figures are a rough order of magnitude. Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET Item Approved For Rel e 2000' ~?IA-RDP79SOO4A000400050001-0 4? Mortars a, 82-mm (Bloc) by 120-mm (Bloc) c, 160-mm (Bloc) d. 60-mm M2 (US) e, 81-mm On Hand Received Bloc Deliveries 1 Jan 1959 from Free World Sources since Total 1 Jan 1959 Identified 1/ Estimated 2/ 17 14 (US) An a rcra r ery a, Quad 12,7-mm AAMG (Bloc) b. Twin 30-mm AAA M53 (Bloc) c. 37 mm AAA Gun M 1939 (Bloc) d, 57-mm AAA Gun (Bloc) e, 85-mm AAA Gun M 1939 (Bloc) Rocket aunt ers Gun,: a, Launcher Rocket RPG-2 (Bloc) b. Launcher, Grenade Cal 30 M7A3 (US) c, Launcher, Grenade M 8 (US) d, Launcher, Rocket 3 , 540 M2 50 200 72 18 72 (It) 120 1,000 28 (US) 70 (It) ec o ess es a, b, 57-mm M 18 (US) 75-mm (US) e ac n uns a, 7,62 DP (Bloc) bo ZB-37, 7,92mm (Bloc) c, Browning Cal. 30, 103 M1919A6 (US) d, Browning Cal, 30 110 M 1917 (US) e. Browning Cal, 50 90 M2 (US) .f, Colt Cal, 30 (US) 69 g, Lewis, Cal. 30 6 Th ' e fi~ ure in thi nn7e,n,, ^- I! 1 I 500 50 200 aaaau veriliea, 25X1C ,.a .. W+.~~ya~a vi. VUaaaaaeges, ypes and quantities of material delivered by the Bloc to other countries, he size and.composditForion and organization of the Cuban military forces, fd magnitanreportsde~pperove d foKefe' ?sae? 2O~BfO eil lwd-'~[iI fgSDb4~ 000 O~k'eO ~ SECRET Approved For Rel a 2000I0 &AIg 9TA-RDP79S0042A000400050001-0 a. Rifles & sub- machine guns b. Thompson Cal 45 (US) c, Steyr-Solothurn 9-mm (Aust) d, Marck-English 9-mm e 4 UZI FN 9--mm k. Rifle, Cal4 30 Ml Rifle9 Cal. 30 Springfield 1903 Rifle, Cale 30 Mauser Rifle, Cal, 30 E fi ld n e Rifle, Sh iper, Ca1930 M1903A4 Rifle, Cal 22 Mossberg 1. Rifle, 7.62-mm FN (held:.: by Castro forces) Rif It, a sorted: Rifle, Automatic Browning, Cal.30 Rifle, Automatic 1,098 40 25 $700 (US) 12,000 (It) [7$,400 1,000 7,800 27 6,000 or more) (Beig) 6,000 Mossberg, Ca l a 22 Carbine, Cal, 30 3,9100 Ml (us) 17 Types and quan es repo r a and ver 2/ The Rigures in this column are based on an analysis of tonnages, types and quantities of material delivered by the Bloc to other countries, the size and composition and organization of the Cuban military forces, and reports received from Cuba, The e0timated figures are a rough order of magnitude,, -4- Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET Bloc Delivieries Approved For Rele a 2000/04/ -RDP79S004- A0004000500017 8 A. Rifles, Carbines and Submachine Guns (Continued) q. Carbine, Cristobal automatic, Cal. 30 (D.R,) r. Carbine, Kragg Cal. 30 Pistols Revolve rs a. Pistol, Colt M1911A1, Colt 45 b. Pistol, Star Cal. 45 (Sp) c. Pistol, Remington Cal. 45 d. Pistols, Assorted e. Revolver, Colt Cal. 45 (US) f. Revolver, SW, Cal. 45 (US) g. Revolver, Colt Cal. 38 (US) h. Revolver, SW Cal. 38 Revolver, Assorted 10. isce aneous 1/ Types and quantities reported Free World from Received IL Bloc Deliveries Sources Since Total l~ 1 Jan 1959 Identified 1/ Estimated 21 and verified.25X1C 2/ The figures in this column are based on an analysis of tonnages, types and quantities of material delivered by the Bloc to other countries, the size and composition and organization of the Cuban military forces, and reports received from Cuba. The estimated figures are a rough order of magnitude. 3/ Not included in this listing are those items of military and military- related equipment which may be assumed to have accompanied the military shipments which have arrived in Cuba to date. Such equipment includes ammunition, communications equipment, and engineering equipment. Approved For Release 2000/04/1.5=CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET Approved For Relese 2000/04/g XTRDP79S004.'i A000400050001-0 Omitted for purposes of this listing are those military items--such as a few Soviet T-54 medium tanks--which probably have been received in Cuba but have not been positively identified or enumerated. In addition, there are suggestions that the Cubans may have received 105-mm howitzers M18-40 and 240-mm guns M16. Not positively identified or enumerated, these weapons are both Czech modifications of World War II German guns. Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET Approved For ReleQqe 2000/04/ffM DP79S004i+A000400050001-0 ANNEX 2 FIGHTER F-47 F-51 Sea Fury MIG-type Lt Bmr B-26 A.S.We Transport C-82 C-47 VC-53 CUBAN AIR FORCE EQUIPMENT 1958 1/ 1961 Prop Prop 3 1 10 17 10 1 7 C-46 C-54. Lockheed-Lodestar AN-2 (Colt) USSR Helicopter H-19 1 HOUND (MI-4) USSR 12 HARE (MI-1) USSR 6** H-13 9 UH-12 2 Sub Total Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA tDP79SOO427A0004UUU 0001-0 SECRET Approved For Relase 2000/04CRDP79S00437.000400050001-0 SERET 1958 1961 Trainer & Mis- cellaneous PA-18 N-2S T-33 T-6 T-7 Liaison Type Cessna 310 PBY- 5A C-45 L-20 ZLIN-326 Trener- Master (Czech) Prop Jet Prop Jet 5 6 8 4 7 6 1 5 2 2 1 1 12 13 8 35 4 55 8 125 14 1/ Some non-Bloc aircraft were contracted for but not delivered until after the fall of the Batista regime. Other non-Bloc aircraft on hand in early 1958 were lost during the year. In addition, the Castro regime acquired other non-Bloc aircraft during 1959 from unknown sources-- some through the expropriation of aircraft from private owners? Naval aircraft were transferred from the naval air arm to the air force in July 1960. To date three MIG-15"s have been positively identified at San Antonio de los Banos airbase, As many as 10 may actually now be flyable. Other reports indicate that 30-40 MIG aircraft--possibly including some MIG-19's--may have arrived. ** Possibly as many as 10 Mi-l's may have been delivered. -2- Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL Approved For Relate 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79S0G 7A000400050001-0 ANNEX 4 MAP SHOWING CUBAN AIRFIELDS 6000 FT. OR LONGER CUBA 1 a. OI MILES 100 - BANAL e M? c on A PINAR Arbmei 7 _ MATANZAS1J Isente CAMPO LIBERTAD JOSE MARTI INT'L MARIEL NAS HAVANA % 4 }? ~~ -I Cc t' ONIEL PASCUAL - ?n AN JULIAN'`_ t- sencd I~~Motnn ,"+ 76 `~J } M6cRRE RCI' Tunu cnto Mencenlllo' 1 - ---- -' + ~--_ BiYertp ~" tltalm~$Orlalw CAt1TAl Y,j l '619R RA MAIfeTR'A SanHejo ,,gqwntenamo aecuw `+!LQS CANOS" ANTONIO MACEO Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Relc a 2000/04/17: CIA-RDP79SO04 A000400050001-0 ANNEX 4 Dates of Diplomatic Recognition of the Castro Regime by Selected oun r es United States ------------ January ?, 1959 United Kingdom ----------- January 7, 1959 France ------------------- January 7, 1959 Belgium ------------------ January 7, 1959 Canada ------------------- January 8, 1959 USSR --------------------- January 10, 1959 Czechoslovakia ----------- May 17, 1960* Poland ------------------- June 15, 1960* North Korea -------------- August 29, 1960* Communist China ---------- September 28, 1960* Bulgaria ----------------- October 8, 1960* Rumania ------------------ October 26, 1960* North Vietnam ------------ December 2, 1960* Mongolia ----------------- December 7, 1960* Albania ------------------ December 15, 1960* Hungary ------------------ December 18, 1960* *The dates given are those on which the respective Bloc countries announced their intention to establish diplomatic relations with Cuba< Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Rbproved For Relc"e 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO04&3A000400050001-0 Countries Which Have Suspended or Broken Diplomatic Relations with the Castro Regime Dominican Republic --------- relations broken June 26, 1959 Haiti ----------------------- relations suspended August 29, 1959 Guatemala ------------------ relations broken April 29, 1960 Nicaragua ------------------ relations suspended June 1, 1960 Paraguay ------------------- relations suspended December 5, 1960 Peru ---?---------------- ---- relations broken December 29, 1960 United States --------- ---- relations broken January 3, 1961 El Salvador ---------------- relations broken March 1, 1961 Honduras ---------------------relations suspended April 24, 1961 Approved For Release 2000/04/17 : CIA-RDP79SO0427A000400050001-0 UNCLASSIFIED