THE CUBAN ECONOMY: A STATISTICAL REVIEW 1957-70

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79S01091A000200070001-2
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 30
• Document Creation Date: November 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 9, 1999
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: October 1, 1971
• Content Type: BOOK

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No Foreign Dissem
DIRECTORATE OF
INTELLIGENCE
Intelligence Handbook
The Cuban Economy: A Statistical Review
1957-70
ER H 71-3
October 1971
Copy N 2 7
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WARNING
This document contains information affecting the national
defense of the United States, within the meaning of Title
18, sections 793 and 794, of the US Code, as amended.
Its transmission or revelation of its contents to or re-
ceipt by an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
GROUP 1
Excluded from automatic
downgrading and
deciaulflcatlon
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This handbook revises and updates ER H 70-2, The Cuban Economy: A
Statistical Review, 1957-68, January 1970. The principal changes are: (a) revision
of provisional data for 1968 and addition of data for 1969 and 1970; (b) revision
of national accounts back to 1961 based largely on additional information on
private consumption as provided by a sampling of refugee family budgets;
(c) revision of population and per capita income data based on the Cuban na-
tional census of 1970 and new US Bureau of Census estimates; and (d) declassifi-
cation of all tables except Table 32 covering economic aid from the Communist
countries, made possible by acquisition of new data from unclassified sources.
Tables covering the government budget have not been updated, because no new
information is available.
The handbook is intended to provide a wide range of statistics of general
interest on the Cuban economy in a convenient format. Statistics for 1959 and
1960-the two years immediately following the revolution in January 1959-
are excluded because of the scarcity and unreliability of information. For similar
reasons, the statistics for 1961 are the least reliable of the series shown and should
be used with caution. Statistics for 1962 and 1964 generally have been omitted to
shorten the tables.
The statistics were obtained from a wide variety of sources. They have been
checked carefully for internal consistency and, on the whole, are judged to be
reasonably reliable. Most reliable are the statistics on foreign trade, for which
cross checks with the statistics of Cuba's trading partners were made.
The production data for most economic sectors also are fairly reliable, those
for sugar being the most accurate. The output data for manufactured products
also are numerically accurate, but their significance is impaired somewhat by a
decline in the quality of many manufactured goods since the revolution. The
production data for food crops since the revolution refer only to state collections.
In the aggregative measure of agricultural output, however, data on state collec-
tions were supplemented by estimates of total food production based mainly on
per capita food consumption data provided by refugee reporting.
Drawings on Soviet credits were derived from the commodity trade deficits
with the USSR, taking account of estimated Cuban expenditures for invisibles
such as the wages of technicians supplied by the USSR, interest payments, and
movements of short-term capital. The allocation of drawings between Soviet
development aid and balance-of-payments credits, however, is only a rough
approximation. Drawings on credits from East European countries were assumed
to have occurred within a five-year period of the date of credit extension, unless
specific information indicated otherwise.
Estimates of gross national product (GNP) by sector of origin and by ex-
penditure category in current prices were derived from a variety of sources,
including estimates of the UN Economic Commission for Latin America that
were based on data supplied by the Cuban government. A first approximation of
GNP in constant (1957) prices was obtained by-constructing volume indexes for
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SECRET/NO FOREIGN DISSEM
each sector of origin. These estimates of GNP were then adjusted on the basis of
independent estimates of GNP for 1965-66 by expenditure category in 1957
prices.
In this handbook the term Eastern Europe is used to refer to Albania,
Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and
Yugoslavia.
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SECRET/NO FOREIGN DISSEM
CONTENTS
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
1. Gross National Product at Constant Prices, by Sector of Origin....... 1
2. Gross National Expenditure and Product at Constant Prices, by
Major Expenditure ............................................ 1
3. Gross National Expenditure and Product at Current Prices, by Major
Expenditure .................................................. 2
4. Gross National Product Per Capita at Constant Prices, by Major
Expenditure .................................................. 2
5. Price Deflators for Gross National Expenditure and Product, by
Major Expenditure ........................................... 2
SUGAR SECTOR
6. Sugarcane Area and Yields and Sugar Production ................... 3
7. Production of Raw and Refined Sugar and Major Sugarcane By-
products ..................................................... 4
8. Production, Exports, and Domestic Consumption, and Stocks of Sugar. 4
AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, AND FISHING
9. Gross National Product Originating in Agriculture (Except Sugar),
Forestry, and Fishing, by Major Component ..................... 5
10. Production of Major Industrial Crops (Except Sugar) ............... 5
It. Production and State Collection of Major Food Crops ............... 6
12. Production of Major Livestock Products ........................... 6
INDUSTRY
13. Production of Major Industrial Products ........................... 7
CONSTRUCTION
14. Apparent Consumption of Major Construction Materials ............ 8
TRANSPORTATION
15. Passenger Traffic, by Type of Carrier ............................. 8
16. Freight Loadings, by Type of Carrier ............................. 8
FOREIGN TRADE
17. Value of Total Exports and Imports, by Major Area ................ 9
18. Value of Exports to Communist Countries ....................... ? 9
19. Value of Exports to Free World Countries ......................... 10
20. Value of Imports from Communist Countries ....................... 10
21. Value of Imports from Free World Countries ....................... 11
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Page
22. Value of Imports, by Commodity ................................. 11
23. Value of Imports at Constant Prices, by Commodity.. .............. 12
24. Value of Exports at Current Prices, by Commodity....... .
......... 12
25. Value of Exports at Constant Prices, by Commodity. ............... 13
26. Imports of Selected Commodities ................................. 14
27. Sugar Exports to Free World Countries ............................ 15
28. Sugar Exports to Communist Countries ............................ 15
29. Imports of Cuban Sugar by Communist Countries and Estimated
Re-exports to the Free World ................. .
. 16
30. Average Prices Received for Sugar Exports, by Principal Market Area.. 16
ECONOMIC AID
31. Economic Assistance Credits Extended by Communist Countries..... 17
32. Total Economic Aid Received from Communist Countries .......... 19
33. Projects Constructed with Assistance from Communist Countries..... 20
POPULATION AND LABOR FORCE
34. Estimated Population ........................................... 21
35. Civilian Labor Force and Employment, by Economic Sector ......... 22
GOVERNMENT BUDGET
36. Planned Budget Revenues of the Central Government, by Major
Category .................................................... 22
37. Planned Budget Expenditures of the Central Government, by Major
Category .................... .
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Sugar .....................................
710
725
845
475
765
600
770
660
890
935
Agricultural production ...................
395
405
475
260
415
330
420
360
375
505
Industrial production .....................
315
320
370
215
350
270
350
300
315
430
Agriculture (except sugar), forestry, and fishing.
345
320
350
310
290
310
320
310
320
305
Industry (except sugar). . - . . . ..............
485
495
550
590
575
570
625
640
650
605
Construction ...............................
110
95
145
140
155
140
155
155
150
140
Transportation and communications. .. . . . . . . .
170
155
155
145
190
195
210
215
220
230
Services ...................................
980
950
1,215
1,210
1,235
1,255
1,280
1,285
1,300
1,285
Gross national product ....................
- ------- --
2,800
----
2,740
-
3,260
2,870
3,210
3,070
3,360
3,265
3,330
3,500
--------
a All data are unclassified.
b All figures have been rounded to the nearest 5 million pesos.
c Provisional.
Table 2
Gross National Expenditure and Product at Constant Prices, by Major Expenditure a
Private consumption ........................
2,050
2,000
2,095
1,980
2,020
2,015
2,200
2,165
2,245
2,250
Public consumption. ........................
325
335
560
620
680
710
715
725
750
750
Gross invesement ...........................
500
450
460
530
550
555
575
660
750
760
Gross national expenditure ................
2,875
2,785
3,115
3,130
3,250
3,280
3,490
3,550
3,745
3,760
Plus: Exports ..............................
820
840
835
500
715
595
755
695
670
935
Less: Imports ..............................
895
885
690
760
755
805
885
980
1,085
1,195
Gross national product ....................
2,800
2,740
3,260
2,870
3,210
3,070
3,360
3,265
3,330
3,500
-----------------
a All data are unclassified.
b All figures have been rounded to the nearest 5 million pesos.
c Provisional.
SECRET/NO FOREIGN DISSEM 1
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NATIONAL ACCOUNTS SECRET/NO FOREIGN DISSEM
Gross National Expenditure and Product at Current Prices, by Major Expenditure a
Million Current Pesos b
1957 1958 1961 1963 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970,
Private consumption ........................ 2,050 2,000 2,200 2,400 3,100 3,070 3,420 3,375 3,550 3,600
Public consumption ......................... 325 335 600 825 950 1,025 1,050 1,065 1,125 1,125
Gross investment.. . ............... ........ 500 450 580 875 960 970 1 ,050 1,205 1 ,350 1 ,375
Gross national expenditure ................ 2,875 2,785 3,380 4,100 5,010 5,065 5,520 5,645 6,025 6,100
Plus: Exports .............................. 820 740 625 545 685 595 705 650 660 1,045
Less: Imports. ... . ..... ................... 895 860 705 830 865 925 1,000 1,100 1,225 1,340
Gross national product .................... 2,800 2,665 3,300 3,815 4,830 4,735 5,225 5,195 5,460 5,805
All data are unclassified.
All figures have been rounded to the nearest 5 million pesos. The official exchange rate is one peso per US dollar.
Provisional.
Gross National Product Per Capita at Constant Prices, by Major Expenditure a
1957 Pesos
1957 1958 1961 1063 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 b 1970b
Private consumption ........................ 311 294 291 264 256 252 268 261 267 265
Public consumption ......................... 49 49 78 83 86 89 87 87 89 88
Gross investment ........................... 76 66 64 71 70 69 70 80 89 89
Gross national product ...................... 424 403 453 383 406 384 410 393 396 412
a All data are unclassified.
b Provisional.
- - - - - - - - - - - - -
1957 1958 1961 1963 1965 .1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
Private consumption ........................ 100 100 105 121 153 152 155 156 158 160
Public consumption ......................... 100 100 107 133 140 144 147 147 150 150
Gross investment ........................... 100 100 126 165 175 175 183 183 180 181
Gross national expenditure .................. 100 100 109 131 154 154 158 159 161 162
Exports ................................... 100 88 75 109 96 100 93 94 99 112
Imports ................................... 100 97 102 109 115 115 113 112 113 112
Gross national product ...................... 100 97 101 133 150 154 156 150 164 166
a All data are unclassified.
2 SECRET/NO FOREIGN DISSEM
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SECRET/NO FOREIGN DISSEM SUGAR SECTOR
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SUGAR SECTOR SECRET/NO FOREIGN DISSEM
1957 1958 1961 1963 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
Raw sugar (thousand metric tons)b........ 4,911 5,023 5,970 2,905 4,971 4,067 5,010 4,215 4,445 6,310
Refined sugar (thousand metric tons) ...... 700 700 733 843 1,022 736 1,128 1,012 1 ,000 C 1 ,150 e
Total sugar (thousand metric tons of raw
sugar equivalent)d ..................... 5,672 5,784 6,767 3,821 6,082 4,867 6,236 5,315 5,534 7,559
Molasses and syrup (thousand metric tons) e. 1,494 1,839 1,813 1,214 2,155 1,181 1,880 1 ,450 ? 2 ,075 C 2,200 0
Alcohol (million liters) ................... 173 119 280 178 22( 210 232 231 N.A. N.A.
a All data are unclassified.
b Raw sugar of 96? polarization.
e Estimated.
d Equals raw sugar at 96? polarization plus the raw sugar equivalent of refined sugar produced. Refined'sugar is converted to a raw sugar
basis by applying the factor 92 parts refined to 100 parts raw. Because the sugar production data in this table refer to calendar years, they
differ in some instances from the data for crop years in Table 6.
e In 1957 and 1961-70, almost all of this category consisted of blackstrap molasses. In 1958, however, about 25% of this category repre-
sented rich inverted molasses and a small amount of syrup.
Table 8
Production, Exports, Domestic Consumption, and Stocks of Sugar a
Production b ...................
5,672
5,784
6,767
3,821
6,082
4,867
6,236
5,315
5,534
7,559
Exports .........................
5,307
5,632
6,414
3,521
5,316
4,435
5,683
4,613
4,799
6,906
Domestic consumption ............
304
242
376
456
492
542
629
682
636
619
Stocks at year end ................
699
609
1,030
185
472
362
286
306
405
439
a All data are unclassified.
b Raw sugar of 96? polarization. Because the production data in this table refer to calendar years, they differ in some instances from the
data for crop years in Table 6.
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SECRET/NO FOREIGN D
AND FISHING
Gross National Product Originating in Agriculture (Except Sugar), Forestry, and Fishing, by Major Component a
Million 1957 Pesos
1961
1963
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969b
1970 b
Industrial crops ..................
50
40
57
45
35
43
42
39
39
33
Food crops ......................
140
130
140
131
100
108
112
105
119
110
Livestock products ...............
145
140
135
116
139
143
146
146
139
134
Forest products ..................
5
5
11
10
6
5
5
5
5
5
Fishing ..........................
5
5
7
8
10
11
15
15
18
23
Total .........................
345
320
350
310
290
310
320
310
320
305
a All data are unclassified.
b Provisional.
Production of Major Industrial Crops (Except Sugar)a
1957
1958
1961
1963
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969 b
1970 b
Tobacco (unmanufactured)........
52.4
52.8
57.6
47.6
43.4
51.3
45.5
46.5
47.0
40.0
Coffee ..........................
43.6
29.5
46.0
34.7
23.9
33.4
34.3
29.1
30.0
26.0
Cotton (ginned basis) .............
Negl.
Negi.
4.7
3.5
0.81
0.46
1.00
0.59
N.A.
N.A.
Oil seeds b
6.2
5.6
16.5
10.3
1.5
0.72
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
Henequen .......................
11.5
9.0
11.1
12.8
7.2
12.0
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
a All data are unclassified.
b Provisional.
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RICULTURE, FORESTRY, SECRET/NO FOREIGN DISSEM
AND FISHING
Table 11
Production and State Collection of Major Food Crops a
1957
1958
1961
1963
1965
1966
1967
Rice (in the husk) ................
C
260
253
213
204
50
68
94
95
193
360
orn ............................
B
178
155
100
88
22
18
12
15 b
35
30
eans ...........................
P
17
23
31
17
11
11
15
10
N
A
N
A
otatoes ........................
S
104
118
79
86
83
104
105
118
.
.
115
.
.
87
weet potatoes and yams..........
Y
184
186
65
91
89
165
94
94
95
N
A
ucca ...........................
M
186
213
32
90
62
93
48
53
55
.
.
N
A
alanga ........................
T
250
226
32
45
47
69
42
43
45
.
.
N
A
omatoes .......................
Pi
45
55
45
93
120
133
164
98
95
.
.
N
A
neapples .......................
Ci
f
102
102
15
41
16
10
7
7
7
.
.
N
A
trus
ruits .....................
Pl
150
70
76
110
116
160
152
165
135
.
.
135
antain .........................
B
275
N.A.
60
72
68
71
59
75
N.A
N
A
ananas .........................
85
90
40
43
36
29
27
25
.
N. A.
.
.
N. A.
a All data-are unclassified.
b' Provisional.
Table 12
Production of Major Livestock Products a
Thousand Metric Tons (Except as noted)
1957 1958 1961 1963 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
.Beef and veal (dressed carcass basis) .......... 185 184 195 113 151 161 157 180 167 b 170 b
Whole milk ................................ 780 740 700 660 620 690 680 650 625 b 580 b
Eggs (million dozen marketed) ............... 22 25 12 16 76 84 98 100 107 117
Pork ...................................... 42 37 15 12 18 13 11 10 Job 10 b
Poultry (live weight, marketed) .............. 14 17 25 35 34 25 25 25 25 b 25 b
a All data are unclassified.
b Provisional.
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SECRET/NO FOREIGN DI S M
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1970
USSR ...........................
Negl.
Negl.
294
461
428
521
582
672
660
700
Bulgaria .........................
Negl.
0
9
5
16
26
20
21
26
27
Czechoslovakia ...................
2
2
28
55
36
36
36
39
28
30
East Germany ...................
0
0
25
36
25
36
50
39
41
66
Hungary ........................
Negl.
Negi.
9
12
8
8
4
3
3
5
Poland ..........................
0
Negl.
20
29
8
9
7
4
4
4
Romania ........................
Negi.
Negl.
8
7
4
3
1
9
34
16
Yugoslavia ......................
Negi.
Negl.
5
3
5
8
6
5
3
2
Communist China ................
Negi.
Negl.
98
91
123
86
73
76
80
75
Other countries ..................
Negl.
Negl.
2
5
6
4
11
12
16
15
Total .........................
2
2
498
704
659
737
790
880
895
940
a All data are unclassified,
b The official exchange rate is one peso per US dollar.
e Provisional.
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Value of Imports from Free World Countries a
1057
1958
1961
1963
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969c
19700
Belgium-Luxembourg .............
11
14
4
2
6
3
5
2
3
6
Canada .........................
' 18
20
39
11
15
6
9
9
14
22
France ..........................
8
8
8
6
19
13
41
67
47
64
India ...........................
16
14
18
10
5
0
0
0
0
0
Italy ............................
6
11
4
1
5
16
31
42
36
61
Japan ...........................
4
5
12
5
4
5
9
3
10
38
3
Mexico ..........................
6
6
6
2
3
Negl.
6
3
3
5
Morocco ........................
Negl.
Negl.
2
14
5
7
5
7
9
Netherlands .....................
5
8
12
8
6
12
14
10
6
14
Spain ...........................
13
14
6
14
47
75
29
21
48
38
4
Switzerland ......................
2
4
2
Negl.
2
1
1
1
7
1
UAR (Egypt) ....................
Negl.
Negl.
11
it
11
7
8
5
5
5
United Kingdom ................. .
24
24
17
11
50
27
29
31
66
51
United States ....................
667
581
26
Negl.d
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Venezuela .......................
39
72
Negl.
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
West Germany ...................
32
33
18
12
5
6
12
11
30
3
Other countries ..................
42
44
24
21
24
10
10
10
46
48
00
Total .........................
893
858
209
128 d
207
188
209
222
330
4
a All data are unclassified.
b The official exchange rate is one peso per US dollar.
Provisional.
d Excluding US ransom payment in kind valued at $35 million.
Durable consumer goods .......... 125
Non-durable consumer goods....... 195
Food .......................... 160
Other ......................... 35
Raw materials and intermediate
goods ......................... 255
Fuels ........................... 80
Capital goods .................... 240
Total ......................... 895
1958 1961 1963 1965 1966 1967 1968 19690 1970
120 28 23 30 30 43 30 25 40
195 150 162 175 177 190 198 205 235
158 140 142 155 157 172 177 183 210
37 10 20 20 20 18 21 22 25
230 219 235 231 283 336 330 325 345
85 65 77 85 93 95 96 110 120
230 245 335 345 342 335 448 560 600
860 707 832 d 866 925 999 1,102 1,225 1,340
a All data are unclassified.
b The official exchange rate is one peso per US dollar.
Provisional.
d Excluding US ransom payments in kind valued at $35 million in 1963.
SE W/% FOREIGN DISSEM 11
Approved For Release ~9/27 : CIA-RDP79SO1091A000200070001-2
 A"jWqA[FEor Release l999/O9/E- UEPj~~i~S1E991A000200070001-2
Table 23
Value of Imports at Constant Prices, by Commodity a
1957
1958
1961
1963
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
Durable consumer goods ..................
N
d
bl
125
120
25
20
20
20
30
20
20
35
on-
ura
e consumer goods ...............
F
d
195
215
160
155
160
160
170
185
200
215
oo
..................................
Oth
160
175
150
135
145
145
155
170
180
190
er .................................
R
t
i
l
35
40
10
20
15
15
15
15
20
25
aw ma
er
a
s and intermediate goods ......
F
l
255
220
200
230
220
265
315
315
325
345
ue
s ...................................
C
it
l
80
110
105
115
125
130
135
140
155
165
ap
a
goods ............................
T
l
240
220
200
240
230
230
235
320
385
435
ota
.................................
895
885
690
760
755
805
885
980
1,085
1,195
a All data are unclassified.
b All figures have been rounded to the nearest 5 million pesos.
c Provisional.
Table 24
Value of Exports at Current Prices, by Commodity a
1957
1958
1961
1963
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970e
Sugar ...........................
654
587
540
473
591
508
599
496
495
805
Raw sugar .....................
556
496
495
389
511
440
520
408
403
700
Refined sugar. . ................
73
61
37
70
68
53
65
72
77
90
Molasses and syrup .............
25
30
8
14
12
15
14
16
15
15
Minerals ........................
47
37
36
35
50
46
54
80
88
172
Nickel ........................
O
32
28
29
32
40
38
44
73
82
167
ther .........................
15
9
7
3
10
8
10
7
6
5
Tobacco .........................
48
49
38
22
33
26
30
38
42
33
Raw ..........................
37
37
32
15
19
12
11
16
15
13
Manufactured ..................
O
11
12
6
7
14
14
19
22
27
20
ther .. .........................
69
69
11
15
12
17
21
38
35
35
Total .........................
818
742
625
545
686
597
704
652
660
1,045
a All data are unclassified.
b The official rate of exchange is one peso per US dollar.
c Provisional.
12
Approved For Release I 999/0 "'8A 7' 091 A000200070001-2
 Approved For Rele & 9d9/ N: &RDP79S01091A0002 QHQQOA1 2
Value of Exports at Constant Prices, by Commodity a
1957
1958
1961
1963
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969b
1970b
Sugar ...........................
654
680
757
424
620
510
655
562
547
825
690
Raw sugar .....................
556
565
670
320
500
420
534
429
428
0
Refined sugar ..................
73
73
71
88
100
70
99
108
93
11
25
Molasses and syrup .............
25
42
16
16
20
20
22
25
26
5
Minerals ........................
47
40
38
36
47
45
50
61
57
5
53
......................
Nickel
32
32
32
34
43
41
46
58
55
..
Other .........................
15
8
6
2
4
4
4
3
2
2
35
Tobacco .........................
48
51
31
25
38
29
32
44
46
15
Raw tobacco ...................
37
38
26
19
26
16
16
24
21
20
Manufactured tobacco ..........
11
13
5
6
12
13
16
20
25
0
Other goods .....................
71
69
9
15
10
11
16
30
20
2
935
Total .........................
820
840
835
500
--
715
595
753
697
670
-----------------------------
a All data are unclassified.
b Provisional.
1
SE REIGN DISSEM 3
Approved For Release ~I ~~p09/27 : CIA-RDP79SO1091A000200070001-2
 AppkR,MR4 W Release 1999/09/27 : CIA-RDP79SO1091A000200070001-2
SECRET/NO FOREIGN DISSEM
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